J
'&t combated) reduced him, doubtlefs, tQ the necffily
of adjourning the execution of this ufefuYdefign.
' Notwithftandiog all this, Buonaparte, at quitting
ua, did hot leave Behind him a fiqgle fous in jhe mili
tary chsft, nor aay thing capable of being fumed i cto
money ! He left, on the contrary, a debt,of near; ten
m;iW'.na; tnArc thai a urhnle rear's income in the pre-
lent ftate of thing, the pay ot trie army atone 13 10 ar
rear MUbur ibyHona. r f
" Suchr Citizen Diteftor, is the Situation mbtch
GeWraV Buonaparte bai . left me Co futtam the r nor-
'mwrtwihtn of commanding the army oTthe EaiV!
He fa the fatal crifis approaching : your orders have
not permitted him to furmount it. That fuch a crifis
exifts, his letters, his inftriiaiods, his iiegociation late
If fet an foot, all contribute to evince it is of public
' notoriety, and jtur enemiej appear to me no lets per
feclly informed of it thin ourfelm.
S. ; At this inftant, Citizen Dire&or, jail as I
am making up my difpatchei, J learn that fourteen or
fifteen Turkifo vcfltls aire at anchor before Datnietta,
for the flett of the Cant. Pacha,
thefe, there are ftill fifteen thoufand men Jar Gaza ;
anthe" Grand Vizier is imarching -from . Damafcus
A few davs fince he fnt us back a foldier of the 25th
demi-brigade, who had been made prifoner in the
neighbourhood of El Afifch.; after having "flitwn bim
'all his camp, he de fired him. to acquaint his comrades
with" what he ,Jrtd fcen, and tp tell Jheircorama'nder
to tremblef, Ahis je
. dencfi- which cjGQ
wi(h to enter upon an accommodation. With refpeft
to myfclf it will be abfolutely impoffible for me to get
' r 7 : 1 1 . r . . i
more tlun &ve thoufand men capable of tak-
' ing the field againft him ; notwlthftanding this I will
try my fortune, if I do not fuccced in gaining time by
my negotiations. Dgezzar lias. withdrawn his forces
'from G3za, and marched them back to Acte."
;; y1 T." PmJfulguetothiD'ireSory.
.-.,. The enemy lofes an army ; he raifes another in
jftapUyl Hi was beaten at Mount Tabor, two months
rafter he was beaten atboukir j the fame period is
elapfed, and he is again ready to be beaten at Sala
hich ? But every victory carries off fome of our bed
troops, and their lofs cannot be repaired A -defeat,
"would annihilate us all .to thejalt manj and however
TraveUe army mayb"nnotloag aver rthar fatal:
-.icvent.. ..-'. , . , r " v . :
T'r'Th'ewar hardpiri v4 iiHWiifmbCT of excellent
officersi fuch as Generals Caffarclli, Dbmmartim, Bon,
Rambauit, and Duptiisi it .ha alfo deprived us of al-
'fiderable part of the chiefs ol brigade,' both of jnfaTit
ry and cavalry. Several able generals have left us, and
Buonaparte has taken with him five. ; , . ..
" I he army without clothes and above all without
arms, and without (lores of any kind, reduce J to lefs
than two. thirds of its original numbers, nave nowno
more than eleven thoofand men capable of taking the
field, although about thirteen or rcurteen jhotifand ap-,
pear under armsthis is owing to the appearaace of a
great number of foldiers at the roll call, who prefer,
fick and -wounded as they arrctng "duty at' their
quarters, to flaying in the hofpitals or the:dcppts.
When they are wanted to march a little farther than
ufualortoyfight, the force they have pat upon the m
felves inflanUy appears. 'Wounds, opthalmies, dyfen
! teries,; and : other difeafes not lefs common here, hav e
abfolutely difabled the reft of the army .
t Fmn their whn at- in a condition 10 manu arc
Parii, this defenpt ioh U'Jiui tMifue' ' You krio;w,nie
to be incapable 'ol impdfing'on you by. a falfe one" " ;
. ': A numerous army is affembled in Syria i fleet ot
which we know not the ftrength, threatehour cpaft,
which we Jtnow-to be accelHbleTiany
command'ef in chitf cannot bring together more than
7QOO fighting men, llie enemy have it in their pdw-
folucetlpWi
what ca n 7006 Vnen, ind thefe rieffarily divided, hope
'td do ?y "" 'r---...-...---T -. -
Thf letter of Buonaparte to, the GFnd Vizier is a
copoffuon of hypocrify, meannefs, and a clumfy at
tenipt at impofture upon a fubja, on which, accord
ing to Ritber. that Officer mutt have been full as well
informed -as himfetf. '
"
From the 'I 'offachuptlt Mercury. - "
AT a timelike the prtfent, when
nnmnt iTunc the tratb 1
UUI Jt7 v" c
the enemies of
frirrrtls : - vvhtsiu a
nettoi (he .mott Inveter ate fceks Richer uv theja nct
tke rr.bi' atalous parti zans oi
Patriots, Republicans, (JoiUi lent itepubiicana, reac-
.....,.,.r J,,...,..--!, ,,n
raliili
brand thelrtie ffiendi of 6r'.appy cohftittttion with
tttedious namssot vninicfats, ivionaicny mcn,
when, to Conceal their dark defigns,' language is thus
grofsly abufed ; is it not defirable to fix a criterion,
"bv which all men "mav be enabled to diffihg-uTm be-,
tween real and pretended Republicans ? If the ohf
Bulge Tjctrue, inai , manitino acJ;vctv r,1v", y
names t han things, it becomes a letter' of lnconceirvr-
labk. jn ome n h af
true' meariftmjf of 'imperin'itYmf tf tkarly afcertainetl ;
efpecially of ihofe, nndcr which, during political cou.
tells, the great body of the citizens do, in a fenfe, en-
themfelvesrind wifH which the fatr of the conit
tntien may be int'mattly comiecled. &uch, it is con-
-vpitanh im-rhi fFnia'tte'piiblrcan. Tede'ralHr-iltCr'
term8 'whicti mcncf very oppoiitc views reipectiveiy;
if not exclofivety, appropriate o themfelves. 11 call
themfelves eptiblican8,-atfd'aft :fay they are i Fed c-r,
ralifts. But with wha propriety we fliall foon fee
As the ol'jedVof 'tliis elTay is, if polHble, to remove
' from cAjr pbliticarfiypocriwslhc by which mul
titudes have been. I'o long deceived, the.p1ainelt ftyle
vnll be adoptsd",. in ordtY to "guard every hont ft man,
even-tf-1 rrrhiwr ft-cxptekf ,gatrrfliiifii tt akesramKt o
pfeptrcliirn to aft, on tire approaching eleftions, with
greater diiernmeLan4dtc
Few 'words' are more equivocal, that is ufed in a great-
-er variety of fcnfes,Tthan the term Republican. This
anfes from the 'varicuf nltUre of difrerentTepablicJ,
Thu?" there ire d:rnocriic, ar.iftocratic and monaighi
cal RepnbliCTaccorHuig as the Siipreme Power, is lod
ged in tlic hands of the?,' a Senate, Gvnfuls or an
Individual Rfnubh'cs are atrain divided into heiedita-
" Thaufted , bv fatigue, enfeebled bv the' Climate, and
T" , i O i -
the wounds and ficknefs which they have endured ; and
their courage is proppTtiooably dimini.ed.
With' this handful of men we have covered fi ve hun
dred leagues of country, overawe three millions of in
' habitaats 'who'rnay be confidcred as fo many enemies,
and garrifori the holds and fortreffes of Alexandria,
'RcTeSar'UaKi
let, Siur, Girge, Kene, C6ffcir, Caifo,' Suez, Mitt.
Kampi, Salahleh, Arrfonj B'ilbeii, Catich, Damietta,
Manforar Scmenoud, and "El Bendus. iould the
Grand Vizier attack usj we- cannot oppofa more than
five or fix thoufand men to all the Ottoman-forces,
which will be at his difpefal : and fhould he attack ua
in two places at once, he will penetrate into the coun
try without a poflibility on our.fide, of pre vesting him.
This would certainly have happened General Buo
naparte, if the Turks, while they wet e landing at A
boukir, had made the Syrian- array advance Upon E-
General Dugua to the DireSor B arras
I cohfefa to you, , Citizen Director,' that t'could
' nfcver have ; believed General Buonaparte would " hive
' abandoned Wn the condition in which we were ; with
out money, 1 without ;pder, -without ball, and one
part of the fold iers without arm a. .Alexandria is a vaft
entrenched camp, which tfe expedition into Syria has
deprived of a confiderable portion of the heavy artille
ty nccefiary. for its defence" Lefba, r.ear Damiettai
V ufcarcelay walled in ; part of the wall of El ArifchJ
. tumbli iga of itfelf. Debts I to an enbrmpus amount,
"more than a third. of ihe army deftroyed by the plague
tbe dytenteryt-tae;Opinaimrna nc enemy put o i ncan, lvcpupucan, ib sne wno nnitijYpm
Aymarch trom-uiJ-WlutcycjLJjaayleloliiycutl.Coau of JthLUhitcd States anjitsjeular Ad-
222
rv and cledivt : and erch defe'ripuon is fo vanoully
modifiecj, that is, the Supreme Power is proportioned
and lifpofcd of in fuch :& yarit ty of degrees and fiijpf,;
that no two republics, .perbaps, wtie ever the fame in
foim or conliitution. . The kii.d" of republics indeed
arc as numerous as 'the. cations thn't haveadopted them;
Hence we read of- tli Athenian, Spartan, Roinan,
Venetian, 'Batavian, Helvetian, and Frtnch Republics,
with many more ; all which are fo many different pe
des or forms of what is called a republican govern
ment. ; '.'':. 1 ' ', J . ' .
la otxler then! to know wha t r epiiblicanifm i in any
one of the nations juft named, we inn ft knrw the par
ticular form of government adopted by fuch nation.
Hence the fame conduct which would be deemed loy-.
al in one repubic,hrbe- fediuon or infurreftian
in another ; fince it jsj.the particujlar conftitution pf
each, .that alone dettrfflines what is, or what is not,
genninerrpubb'caniim 'in fuch republic.
To apply thpfe obfervatioiis. The people of thefe
Statesjr under fini'ulaT advantases. and upon mature
-- - t
rrfdibtr
Republican rorm ot government j a torm wmcix as rar
fur-paires, as it differs from all other republican forms ;
which has excited the admiration "of the world j and
to which our citizens are generally and jeAJy attached.
This form is no other, .tljari.'f The CoBltitution of the
Unked,5tales,,lVconii.ru4ed by. the. wjfdam of our
ableft politicians, adopted and ordained by the People
themfelves, and bearing the-fignct of their immortal
WASHINGTON. This la the magna charta of our
Rights, Liberties and independence f this js tbe creed
tf every faithful citifen. It is this Conftitution then.
and not any European form, that determines what A-
mencan ixtpuoHcannm is. x iiw tuiumwiiwr
the RcpubWcanifn we are all bound to iupport. Hence
it iseafy tqfee ihat.the'term Republican, as applied to
a citizen, of thiscpuntry!,meww nothing more, nor lefs,
than a perfon, wfio, fiifcerely approyes the'eonftitution
of ihefe United Statci, and tbe regular adminiftration
thereof, and ufes his beft endeavours to fupport the
fame. Approbation of the Adminiftratibn as well as of
theConftitutiGn, and endeavours to fupport both, are
hctf aAded hecsfufe it ia abfilrd to fuDDofe that a man
can fincerely approve the conftitution, and yet by words
or actions oppole its regular; Adminiitration, or, more
properly, not endeayonrto fupport both. ; , Hence' aifo
we derive the criterion fo mujch needed, viz. An Ame-
" ' ' r ' '" if.,. .,,-" ' "' i . r ' ..'1 . :." 1.1 "'it.-.
rican, Kepuoucan, is ne wno iincciciy ;appruyc8iu.
tfiplftratron, and cordially eneavcurs to fupport both.
Notling flott of, or different from this, can entitle any
man td the appellation of an Americartepulican.--
H -mav lnnrfQ UC l uau"" --
i nameu, c "-.: 7 P V r -n
jalift Z As the great A rrtericao Republic is compofed
;bf tixtecn individiiaT ftatel," confederated under, one
common league or covenant, with great propriety cal
led " The Conftitution otthe United States and
for brevity fake, the Federal Corrftitution fo ihc
term Fcderalift muft mean a friend of this Conftitution,
or aJ Rtpublican in the feiife juft explained.' In a word,
an American Republican and a Fcderalift are terms of
thelame import, except that the laft may have fome
appropriate reference to the individual States thus uni-
Hwcrrfonows, rfat 'any man, whom convcrfatioa
or writing 7 flumes the tTt'-e?tfblka'T&.r'Fcde-;
ralift, while in his heart he is difafFectcdJto tnc Con
ftitHtioB f thefe States,, or its regular Adminiftration,
however pleafed with that of France, is a grofs Imfof
lor, and a treacherous f;iend to the Peace, Conftitu
tion and fcidcpendence of his country.
NEW-YORK, April 4.
' . finothet injldnce of American Gallantry,
By iteJcbwner Elizacapt.Fairchild, arrived here
yefte?darrBornig from the H
cd thatihe hSip Nancy, capt. joy of Bofton, had juit
arrTvsdanhat poj t
iflaryJnJat. 2, loagBfJeM in with a JPrctrch pri
vateerof 14 guns, and full of men. The Nancy
moum ten fixes, arvd had.2r men. An engagement
immediately commenced, which 1 continued, oft and on,
for-2 hours, during1 which time the privateer made 3
moft dstperate attempts to board the (hip, and was ae
1 tualfy .fcultff her forthree hours' atvtHte uuTr,itd-tTro 7
TyrqrexirrttCnar 'yet, fuch.WJL.
the aftivc bravery 6f the Ameiican Tare, that they
kept off the enemy with pikes, uthflfes, Sec. great
numbers of whom fell Jiifelefs from the . (htoud and.
bowfprit on deck and into the ocean. '"While one part -of
the Nancy 'screw wcretlws defending .themfelves,
the other was employed in planting flxot into the pu-
vateer,' and, from her mattered condition, there is lit
tle dotjbttff herrhaing"gorvedowr to--
be fcen in the morning. ' As their ftpaiation was in
the nighf, and a the prfvateci's fails and .ringing, as
welt aTtliofe ' 6t the mipr were almoft ail cut away, Jt
. . - . . . . :' n
renders the fmprrtbacihty ot ner elcape more urong.
The 'privateer mtijl " have: loft many. The Nancy had
one man&illeii and four wounded r-- ;
This news may be depended on, lor the mate of the ;
Eliza noted it from the niouth fcaptijoy. "Z.d
. " , . April'9. - . ( '"' '-'iJ.
Saturday's Bofton papers, brought Ldndbn dates to
Feb. 3, received there by the Thomas Ruffd, from
Lonr.'cn. The fol!oir1g paragraphs we did not dif-Cov'eV-in
our papers by the Supply : ;
r London, Feb. 3.
t"e have accouritsfrom Britanny of a defperate bat
tle between the. Chouans and General Brune's forces,
5000 of the latter being killed, wounded, or made
prifoneroj RtHnour may have augmented thefe npm
bets but it is certain, .that government has received
information by. a brother of d'.Autichamp, who arrived
on Friday, that the Chouans, were from fifty to an
hundred thoufand men, and that hoftilitiea had actually
recommenced- ' 1, . - ,
Accounts from Egypt are extremely contradictory.
Some affert that the Grand Vizier has been defeated by
Geri. Kleberon ihe confines of Syria, and has bft his
c.imp, part of bin bagjgagc, and feveralhfand TpTiT7:
fone rsc This news comc&Trom Conftantinople ; but
later Vienna accounts appear to doubt the intelligence.
-I he Breft fleet anpeais on the point of failing, and
htheThsnnel fleet is orderediiJTcfume it
pTjrri.fflW'e'dia'tcIyT"
- Purh, January 24.
" An official letter from Toulon, dated January 6,
fays, l Rear Admiral Perre's; fquadron, 6n'e ot 74 ,
guns, and four corvettes, is ready foFfeaT The (hip A;
are laden with provifions and warlike ftorc3,r
Expeslition fupppfed for Ej;ypt
PHILADELPHIA, April i4 ; -
Extract of a letter frbnvfcGapti, Morris, of the . frigate
John Adams, March 8th.
On my lail cru'fe. which commenced on the 24th
of Januaiy, and expired on the firft of March. I te
capturtd tbe American fchr. Ifabtlla, of andfrom Port-'
land, bound Jto Trinidad, a prize to the' French cor
vette Le Berreau j arid captured three French priva-tear-the,,i'UyX'e.G'embeau:a'fma,U
boat with 8 fwj.
ve!s arid ' 16 m etr : the 2d l'HeureMfe. a" fchoonei of
35 tons, 4 guus. aiHl 50 men ; (lie had taken two pri-
guns, bM.frre-Tpar,:ijfiii.er in the, chafe. -
" Tiie other the rieial Maffena, of 3o..tOB8, 6
guns and 49 menr 30 hours from Guadaloupe, had.
taken nothing; threw 4 guns and boat oyer, in the.
From St. Sebafliar.St January 1 6,
It is confid
in Europe, at a very favourable period jjtrtd ; that they"
-"i-7
I;