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: ' ; CAROLINA CEKTIWELo ! VOLUME if. NEWBERN, N. G. SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 27, 1819. . NUMBER 88 , TERMS.. ' . THE CAROLINA CENT1NEL IS ' -PUBLISHED m WEEKLY BY JOHN I. PASTEUR, V At Thre e Dollars per an num, one third payable in advance. No paper will be discontinued until all arrearages' are paid up, except at the, op lion of the publisher. Advertisements inserted at 50 cents per squarejthe first week, and 25 cents a square for each succeeding insertion. agricultural; FROM THE NATIONAL INTELLIGENCER. ! 1 i ' i On the Grape J ine,vnuiits wines j brart- dieSj salt, and dried fruits. . Number II. The' experiments made at Harmony, jn Pennsylvania, at Vevay, on the Ohio, and Harmony, on the Ouabache, both in Indiana, merit the utmost attention of the United States. Tt appears that in the present uncleared and uncultivated stRte of the country, Harmony, on the Ohio, in Pensylvania, was probably too far north for making wine, thougli not for fruit. That Vevay & Harmony, in In diana, are in more suitable climes for thc'yine, will appear from the following ' letter from a respectable' gentleman at Vevay to a very respectable friend of his, lately on a visit to Philadelphia. It is dated on the, 28th of August, 1819. The intelligent and experienced writer from Vevay thus expresses ( himself $ He thinks the whole of Alabama doubtless better adapted to the culture of vines than the more northern country of the United States ;, because the only two species of grapes that succeed in the, U. States are of the late sort, having not time at Vevay, Lid. to ripen. The Alabama season, being longer, will give, more time, especially the - Madeira grape, which gives the best wine of the two, where it can ripen, and yields most. Cut it will .not do at all at Vevay; and does better at Glasgow, t Ky. - The various gardeners of Kentucky can furnish some. Vine dressers would go to new vineyards" from Vevay. They have had 500 gallons of wine per acre at Vevay ; more often 150 ; and 2$0 is a good crop. The Madeira grapa would give more than the Cape of Good Hope grape, wliere it would pros- -per, bat must have time to ripen, to be good. Of the labor, much may: be done IvSvomen: i They do about half.- The men trim,make layers tp fill vacancies, plough, harrowhoe, and carry, the, grapes & make the wineIone of those works Jir heavy. J But trimmingrequires atten tion and discernment, for thevine-dressei" must look two years before him, when he cats ; each scion ; women never do it, though light work. He has seen many Tvpmen do it,. as well as any man. A little work In vineyards is to be done by night with lamps. When thegrapes have fgoti their, size, the cricket (not of the house or field) eat, m the night, the bark of the stem of the bunches, and ring or girdle them so that they die. They in jure the bunches rapidly. They must be watched and searched for with lamps, by mght,. jand destroyed. He says the , dative vinesvill not do to graft good kind of grapes on : foe has tried it often, without success. Grape vines grafted on the same kinds do well, fet they are a different tree, being dioic, while the vineferous kinds are 'hermaphrodites.: I have found the same wild vines in Swit- , zerland, and the kind called Sour grapes wake pretty good wines, b.ut are a smal ler bearer than the grape vine. They are in MorerodV vineyard, at Glasgow, '.w Kentucky. The Spanish grapes of Mexico and South America should be tried. They have been long cultivated. Me is raising grape vines from the seed, ,9 obtain flavor and quantity of .wine. Jhe vine is of long life, but it is ten or fifteen years before it bears fully from the seed. Variety, however, is an object. Vines planted by cuttings, j which have token root, freely in the first year, bear fruit in three years ; in five they are in ' fuU force. He has- considered and in- spected the vineyards of Europe, and the cultivation by the plough and otherwise. U s to be studied to save labor and make foe greatest crops. l( the fendant vert will row as well here as in Switzerland, 800 gallons per acre might be made. They Cuhivate by the plough in Languedoc, &Jout tontpelier and Lunel. We make wne here to. be like Madeira, and sell it Vevay, on the Ohio, is ia S8 egf T UUu'ro'.y i in GT deg. ' ' at 37 1-2 cents per quart, and $125 per gallon : but cannot make enough to send abroad, or to keep for ripening. Morerod made a cask, of 800 gallonsxfuU Tt of wme, of last vintage, to be kept 18 months or two years. Jle has seen wine (made of grapes like Vevay) at Glas- warren county, Ky.) better than A evay wine. The grapes were gathered a fortnight before the Vevay grapes. It is probable that; wine of the banks of Ten nessee will make 1-4 brandy -if of Cape of Good Hope grapes, common proof: Ve vay yielded l-5th : the best clH do the best Burgundy wine, that of the bor der of the lake of Geneva, in good years. The strongest of all the. wines that I know of is that of the south of France and Spain, which yields -1-3 brandy. The peculiar mode of vine cultivation at Vevay, Indiana, is worthy of attention, being a combination of various European modes, and American improvements adapted to the country. .Some young men, bred at Vevay, -would be useful in other places. Mr. D. thinks the blacks may be taught to .cultivate vines," So runs and concludes the letter from thp judicious writer, at Vevay of the United states, settled by persons from the origi nal Vevay of Switzerland. It is very in structive, and would seem to prove that, as so much of our country continues in the wood, and forest state, and with many uhdrained swamps, making a humid at mosphere, and a moist soil, Vevay, in 38 deg. 30 min. is not yet perfectly so favorable, even as the vicinity of Glas gow, in Kentucky.;, uhere a drv. hard soil, occasions the grape to be freer from injury by moisture of the earth, and of the air. Glasgow is also about one de gree and one half more- Southern than Vevay. These indications are distinct, nice, clear, and strong, in regard to the vine climate of our country, at present and in prospect. V In the hilly Spanish colonial country of North America, about the 2()th de gree of North latitude, South of the Rio bravo del JNorte, there is authentic evi dence, in a report to the so ernment. that the vine grows well, though its culture was forbidden ' by the crown, produces good crops of fine wine, and supplies the province and its neighbors. That country being asTar south as any part of Florida, it is ascertained that, where this, country has become, or shall be made dry enough and cleared, the vine region runs to the Southern limits of the United States, even if we should maintain our right to Louisiana in esctenso, in conse quence of the apparent frustration of our offer to limit ourselves by the Sabine. The most distinguished wine of. Snain is the true and best. Xercs. or Sherrv of the district around the city of XereS de la Frontera, in Andelusia. The vine yards of that district are, in situations corresponding in temperature with the most extreme Southern parts of East r lorida and Louisiana. It is interesting to our inquiry, that all the Portuguese European wines are nrodnced in situa- tions North of Xeres, such as those called bv s the Lisbon, the Carcavella. the red and white port, or Oporto. It is observable, also, that the Malaga, or sweet and dry mountain, wines of Spain, long highly esteemed by medical men, those of Alicante and Catalonia, which three kinds we -principally import, and all tne opamsli brandies we consume. cnme .from districts as ar North as that of Xeres. The wines of Castile, and other interior districts of Spain, which arc consumed at home, and are not ex ported, are from places also; North of Xeres. We can have no reason to doubt. then, that, as our country now is, and shall in future be, cleared and drained, ami if ridges, hills, and mountain sides, with South exposures, shall be carefully selected, the most Southern of our states, territories, and districts, will, be as' suita ble for the vine, its wines, and dried fruits, as the most . proper (and fruitful parts ol the f enmsula or 5pain and ror-tno-al. The works of travellers, aricul- e . ' turists, and men of distinction in the arts and sciences, upon the subject of the vine, and wines, and dried grapes, of Spain and Portugal, are therefore strong ly recommended, by our best interests, to the attention of , our citizens, especially Concerning the vineyards '6Y Xeres, St. ucar, Malaga, and Oportoi The Por tuguese send to us no brandy ; the Span iards a little of that spirit, which is not estimated as good. It seems, from the, excellence of the French Cognac brandy, the best, and the farthest North of any , - e t t i I 1 denorainaiion ei oranay, wnicn we Know, that the extreme South is not the most favorable for the delicacy, though it is for the quantity of that spirit. The Cette brandy of France is not liked here, but it has oeen said &at mucli Armagnac j brandy iss4d m I'aris. The, ceiebrated. the grape and of dis- J tilled and fermented wine spirits, was a native of Montpelier, and took very great pains, to improve the vine, and all its liquors, in that Southern region. A Friend to the National Industry. Philadelphia, Nov.l 1819. Chaptal, whose writings on the sub ject should be in every planters hands, and in every agricultural and public libra ry.. The title of. Mr. Chaptal's work, is " A Theoretical ahd Practical Treatise of the culture of th'Vine, with the art of preparing wine, brandy, &c. By Chaptal, Parmentler, and Dasseux. 2 In French, Chapta culture de la Vigne torn : oct. , P. "and D. sur la &c. Psris 1801 2 GENERAL ASSEMBLY. i HOUSE OP ICOMMOJS. ' - l Monday. ISov. 15. Th'rs' being the day appointed by law for) the meeting of the Legislature, a large majority of bot l Houses assembled in their respective chcimbers at 10 o?clock, qualified and took their seats. In the Senate, theilon. Bartlett Yan cey, of Caswell, was unanimously ap- pointed speaker, Uen. Kob t Williams, Clerk, and Benj; II. Covington, Assistant Clerk. -. In the House of Commons, Romulus M. Sanders Esq.' of Caswell, -and Gen. Thomas Love,of Haywood, weFe nomi nated for the appointment of Speaker. On a ballot, the votes were, for Sanders 4 0, Love 42; Mr. Sanders being elect ed, was conducted to the Chair. (Gen. Love was nominated without his. knowl edge.) Maj. Pleasant Henderson was appointed Clerk, and Col. Wm. B. Lock hart, Assistant Clerk.- i Messrs. King, Ramsey, and Lewis . D. Wilson, were apointed a Committee to draw up Rules of Decorunffor the go vernment of the House. ' Tuesday, Nov. 16. On motion ordered that Mr. Scott, and - Mr. Hill, be a committee on the part of - this House to wait on his Excellency the i Governor and acquaint him of the r'eadi- - ness of the two Houses to receive his com municatjon. On a ballctting for Engrossing Clerks, John FJ Forest was. the Only one elected there being 1 1 candidates. Mr. Scott from the committee appoint ed to wkit on the Governor, reported i that his Excellency would make a com munication to-morrow at 11 o clock. Received a message from the Senate proposing to raise a 'joint committee to draw up the Rules for the government of the two Hoifees, with instructions to re quire each house to perfect its own J bills. This resolution on amotion cf Mr. Love, was disagreed too. . Wednetday,Noir.7. Mr.Ramsey, from the' Committee . to prepare Rules of Decoram,: made a re port, which was agreed to, aiW the Rules ordered to be printed. The Message! of His Excellency the Governor jWas recieved by Mr. Plummer, his Private Secretary, which was read and ordered to be printed. . EXECUTIVE OFFICE N. C. j RALEIGH, NOV. 17, 1S19. To the Honorable the General Assembly 4f the State of North-Carolina. Gentlemen It is under circumstan ces somewhat inauspicious &: consequent ly with sensations other than those of a pleasurable cast, that I have entered up on the discharge of the present, duty. To portray the civil, religious and po litical advantages of our highly favored country, would not only be more fash ionable, but would assuredly be a more grateful task to the patriot and philan thropist than a survey of the dark ; and portentous side of the picture ; but while my bosom swells with gratitude to the Ail Wise and beneficent disposer of events for the benefits bestowed on us ; I feel, too much respect for your intelligence and discernment to believe that you have as sembled for the rjurpose ofbeing con gratulated and congratulating each other on the residium of political ha ppiness which we enjoy, while so much remains to be done to improve and ameliorate the condition of society. I shall, there fore, without further apology, I address you frankly but respectfully, and submit j to your deliberate review and considera- tion, a few subjects important in them selves and m their consequences. And in "the first place as claiming a pre-emi nence above oil others, allow me to call vour attention to the subject of the c - du - cation, of' youth, the 'Wily durable bais of French chemist of every thing valuable in k government ot i .u 1 . i r ;ii" uic pcupie aim to press, on your auen- tion the moral and political obligations which you are under, created and impos- ed by the solemn injunctions of the con- stitution, to patronize and encourage a general -diffusion of knowledge: - For when we advert ta the languishing condi- tion of some of our nurseries of science, and observe the apathy which prevails in regard to their advancement, it becomes a subject of no less astonishment than re- gret. It is the boast of a republican go- vernment that all men are born equal; but what is it that keeps them so ? on a proper solution of this question , depends the perpetuation of the liberties of of tliis as well as every other free govern- meht.-4Let the few monopolize the sci- cute ui fine coumry aim uiey ai unce iuu- nopolize its sovereignty. j Amongst the leading grievances of the times may be ranked the debased condi tion of 5 our circulating medium. The Banks, the piesent regulators thereof, in ineir iqo eager pursuit qj trie game, or in other words, their inordinate solicitude for the dividend, have led the citizens of our once happy country into the wilds and mazes of speculative lifej and ulti mately into a labyrinth of difficulties, from which I npprcheid it will require all your sagacity ,to extricate them. The extra ordinary fluctuations in the price of pro perty, and indeed of every necessary and convenience oi me induced thereby, lias not only had a tendency to plunge many into the depths of poverty : but Tias also had the effect to subvert their habits of industry and morality, and so Ion? as it 'is in the power of the Banks to increase or diminish the currency of the country at their pleasure, without being made to fed the. consequences of an injudicious issue or withdrawal, so long shall we be liable to a recurrence of similar embar rassments. By the establishment of the State Bank of lorth-Carolina we were promised a medium of exchange that weuld invigo rate the operations of commerce, and bv i . ... " . - ' . " banishing a depreciated currency from cir illation, place the character of the state ujn uonorauie anu exaueu grouna : uui That has been the fat? At the same Mme that they have banished the old paper currency which was a. tender in payment of debts and of course a shield to the people ; they have embosomed in their vaults or driven from the country al( j the specie, and the notes which have been substituted, instead thereof, not be inS convertable m to gold or silver, the country presents the melancholy specta cle of a ppople deeply involved in debt without a legitimate circulating medium. Never indeed have our citizens experienc ed such a pressure, and unless something is done for their relief, they must inevita bly fall a prey to the iron grasp of their unrelenting creditors. It therefore be hoves you to probe the wound ta the bot tom, and if possible, to arrest the 'alarm-, ing visitation with which they are threat ened. The investigation is due to the public as well as to the banks, for it isof the last importance that the currency of the State, should he resuscitated and plac ed pn a stable basis. ,. : J am fcMr, however, from being sanguine in the belief that you will be able imme diately to devise ways and means to' ef fect a radical renovation ; but . as our most useful knowledge is often that for which we pay dearest, 1 am disposed to. think that some lessons fraught with wholesome instruction may be extracted from our present difficulties ".and distress. -And ihile I am upon this subject, permit me to caution you agamst the two frequent practice of bestowing on a few importu nate applicants, desiring to be associated as a body politic, the exclusive privileges& immunities which usually attach to char tered companies without a due considera tion of the latent ' principles contained therein, or the remote bearings and in fluences which they may have on society : for in this way have we been parting with : our sovereignty from time to time, and if the practice is persisted in we shall ulti mately become a government of corpora tions, instead of a government of the peo ple j . . A revision, of our insolvent laws is at this time peculiarly proper, when from ; plosion ot the combustible- material co! the crowded dockets of the several courts letted & collecting in various quarters of and the unexampledjTiiliculty that is ex-j vhe globe. . From the ease with which the perienced in obtaining the means for the j most of our militia officers exonelrate uiscnajge 01 aeois, so larger -pyiuun vi the community is likely to fall within their provisions. Imprisonment for debt rausr be con sidered as a kind of punishment which is inflicted at the mercy of the creditor, and must often be exercised upon objects where pity and not punishment is due.- j In truth it seems to be a remnant of that - l .s...- 4L' 1 gothic policv which prevailed during the ruder aes Cf society $3 policy as barba Vou as it is useless, and it is to me strange mat it snouia so long nave Deen unerea to disgrace the code ofj laws of a State which might otherwise boast of its free dom and humanity. An ameliroation in this respect may have the efiect of'cur- ; tailing the extended system of credit that exists at present, as it. will take from the ? creditor one of his most potent engines Tor the coercion of a speedy payment ; but this I fiave no hesitation in believing, will be ultimately of real benefit to the com- munityr, and as an evidence advert to the embarrassments above alluded to, owing in part, unquestionably, to causes jint - mately connected with the facilities of obtaining the means of engaging in spe- culativeehterprizes, the ad vantages antici- pated from which, if realized, would only ; ,i ."..- i i - i ! s uave a xenaency to enervate and palsy the virtue and patraotism of out citizens. As all improvements are progressive permit me to indulge the hope thafoun attention will be efficiently called to'a still farther amendment of our Judicarv system. The salutary results anticipated by the friends of the Supreme Court es- tabhshment, haveso far as my observa lion has extended, been fully realized." The zeal with which that body engaged in 'the arduous, duties assigned to it, the manner in which these have been execut ed, and the extensive dispensation of jus tice resulting therefrom, while it reflects much credit on the members composing that court, reflects not less upon the Le gislaturethat had the wisdom and the in-' dependence to establish it. At the last session," I took the liberty to recommend something like a recur rence to fundamental principles, by the restoration of the old district system, so amended and modified as to obviate and remove the principal objections that ex isted against it, in its original imperfect 'state. The reasons on which this recom mendation was founded, are contained in my message to the last" Legislature, to which, if necessary, I would beg leave to refer. If, however, my view in relation to this sujbjeet, should not meet your ap probation, I would take the liberty to suggest the advantage which would re sult 'from the trreation of two additional cir cuits. , This will very materially' lessen the laboursand remove the burthens of our Superior Court Judges 5 and thereby enable them to bestow more thought and reflection on the important principles of litigation, which must necessarily be bro'f before them, involving the dearest rights of our citizens, and on which they are bound to decide. 1 At present a seat upon! that bench iV sought for pretty much for the same reasons that a malitiaman seeks for promotion. When the title is obtained, and in some few instances, a tour of the state is made; jand when in. truth, the Judge becomes somewjiat qualified to discharge the truly interesting & solemn fractions of his of fice, a resignation takes place, and he re turns to the-bar with all " his blushing honors thick upon him not for the pur pose of arresting the progress of vice, or . infusing energy into the arm of justice bat confidently relying on his borrowed plumage, andadditionaLexperiencej zs well as the want of them in hissuccessoF in office, and his associates at the bar, he boldly sets at defiance the wholesome and salutary restraints of law, andut'too of ten attemps to turn into ridicule the holy sanctuary of justice. r . As somewhat connected with this sub ject, I cannot forbear submitting for your review, the manner in which our prosecu ting officersare paid. By b law passed at the last session, their servic es are estimated by the number oftheir convictions. lilay this not have a tendency to convert them into-zealous persecutors of the unfortu nate, persons brought before our courts ? and indeed is it not a reflection upon the Mate that their very report should be made to depend on tiie blood that .they are enabled to ex tract from the cor. demned and miserable convict ? Assur edly &ich canp.ot be the true policy of our criminal law. ' . . , I deem -it my duty to call your atten ion to a Hgid scrutiny into our militia , laws, for e know not how soon the pr.es ! ent c?.lr.a and tranquil state of the politi- rI worldlmav be disturbed hv nn or ' i tuemseives irom the disdiarge of the du nes required 01 them by law there must be a defect in the existing re trulfltions : for we see nearly all, cood. bad and i in O, --,- different, fly the same useless, round, and pass off like meteors, without rendering any beneficial service to the cjause. wM' h : in the first instance thev so zealously e.- rpouse. Indeed 1 am not sure but '1 - ... ' T musters, revievvs, :A:C. as at present con ducted, instead f rendering the physical . V A i! i 6 ' i I-" ? - i ; s '" 'i v. 4 I
Newbern Sentinel (New Bern, N.C.)
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Nov. 27, 1819, edition 1
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