.. - .'- ,, -r. . - , -:- r-.w . - ' - i 1-.'.- . '
.. ""'iii r :'"' MrT.iiMin , 1 ' . ' ' - ... ir V -..v. i ;. '. i . . , . "
VOLUftlE IV.
NEWBERN, N. C. SATURDAY, JANUARY 5, 1822.
NUMBER 19d:
i
r
rL If.
J MINTED
XSO PUBLlSMKD.EEKLr, BY
pasteur uvtson;
' V ' .V,i"''''-1' .- "j .-. -At
5 3 pernam-Iialf in advance.'
. . ,
- -- . r
fVora a 7ae Europe Publication:
BOTANY.'. ! . .
Of-all the animate and'Tnahimate pro
ductions of nature, flowjs have the least
reason to complain of tne negect. or un
kindness of man ; .Gsop,- Gay, and . La
I ontainein conjunction, would find it
diincuit todiscovt-r a grievance for them
which they could lay, with anyjunice, at
the foot of Jove's imperial throne. Vv In
every a;e and every nation they have
b-en honoured and cherished, loved and
adinireJ. In the oiuen time iney gracea
the festivals, and adorned the; altars, of
the deities. A goddess, ever btoomiug
and vQun?, superintended their interests,
and her marriage with the gentle Zephyr
us must have singularly promoted the
wplfoie of h;r delicate subjects. They
have been 'showered on the heads - of he
roes, been twisted, into 'the cfjaplets . of
JIinen, and chosen ly Love as his most
appropriate eifts, and most intelligible
jivmb'ils. Affection , has d:ighted to
s;re- them on the graves of the departed,
anJ pPPtrj has sung theif praise, till 'thjf
weariel ear turns froaTthe oft-told tale.
Who ivill assert that in modern days
flo-jreit are less hoooorably distinguished?
who tii it has seen the Epargne laden
tviih thir mingled blossoms j the most
dainty dishes - garnished wiih their bril
liant tints; or the splendid drawing-rooms
and gay boudoirs, wherethey igrow in
tubs, r float in vasses,' or stiffen in sau
cers filled with moistened sand who,
above all, (hat has beheld them in butich
e, bushes, arid arborets miiiglrng with
tlietrsses,toweringiiighabove the heads,
or, as in recent times, hanging confusedly
a'KMt thev throats of our most fashionable
females ? i( Flowers of all hues, and
vithout thorn the rose." ?
With how much care. too. do we tend
the titetlin" of the.year, and endeav
or lo persuade them to expand their bright
petals, and breathe their delicious scents
a little earlifthrui the laws of nature per
mit. In the language of that exquisite
poera, " The Flower and the Leaf' the
rhoirest offering which Flora's alters ever
"Wh
en buds, that yet the blast of Eurus
Mind at the door of life, and doubt to
clothe the year'
we tempt themVorth, and promise them
vui juaicuug i-ciHeguun. i nen, at eur
call emboldened,,, the hyacinth, the nar
cissus, anr the crorus burst -their sheaths;
we Mtja io ileck our rooms with thes
fliildren of early spring we display them
vxultinsly at our windows; aifd "Qui
possit vir!asaddere,diTes erit.,,
Faint, however, are the pleasures which
fluffs afford in cities,- when compared
with those which they bestow uponj their
admirers in the country. . There, jthe flo-.
rist rears them near his home, watches
them, improves them by, culture, takes a
parental interest in their progress, and a
lovers pnde in their cnarms, while Health
and cheerfulness reward his 'labours.-
iiiere, the botanist explores the heU'e.
and traverses the hills in pursuit of some
n?v addition K lais herbal or his .'fcnow
Iedce, ad thevharren' heath and idull
fnmmiM n ... Z . 5
uuu -uue niterestand beauty in his
; - : 1 .
"Oh .'friendly to the bexpui suits of man;
nrnajy lomought, to virfc,e& to nnVe V
iHlo.t.. 1 I y I .
v ...
WMC riU """k-s i isPSCripfionf
V
J ; ;5 ine amustent,. n t
'-, uiiii ivcpi iii rtag
epiency to higlier and more asefi
wns.
rotmy appears to be peculiarly adapWrl
to the study of ladies, as it temiits theA
r f .
enjoyment of air and exercised
ifli thouh the best fri.U f , kJLi.u
andb-a-jty, the most effecfua! ' remedies
IGF POrt-rt i . . v n
- ijMr?j ui!u ennui
irk.. . .
x siap.i to neither hiim...t nor .t
tJ!!f t-ntrno!njry is c.u1. minera-
" 1 fc,""? uimruit ana intjonoos
fi n"y pensive; but botahyt is both
?y Ppensive-but botahy. is both
d easy, healthful ad'innicent,
e pursuit sf nil, and r3iurip?
tat!
1- " ru'i 0 mi. ana reoi
i,ucq study and attention as
J. ; P" neref and occupv without
:uii i . ' . -
t , 11 l lavorawe, also.
1 illiu" r of inqtfSrv aud
S an 1 se,, ,,le- ve constantly
'i'S of discovery.
tHatt1(, rr,h,reare those v.-ho 2
P V 1
assert
generally neglected by the floors of the!
Irail3il race- a science, Um. within
Nne of female acquirement, and is
. nreververv
OV IS till- t
.fit for the stud v of innocence and modestv:
. . J . . m r
of the spirit which in heathen days pollu
ted the festivals of Flora. , Those only
who were already im modest could , have
first suggested, the idea ; for, "to the good
ahin. pure, it sounds monstrous and unin
telligible. .But "the putrid spider con
verts that to' poison which the bee works
to honey $' and'it is thus that man has,
at Jifferent times, debased and injured all
he. has touched, and lowered - the most
glorious pursuits to the level of his .own
corruption. . JHusic, . fit amusement, for
angels, has ministered to voluptousness ;
painting to the' grossest impurity ; poetry
has forgqtten its noble nature to sing of
forbidden thirds ; ad even otany, a
study which unfolds the' wonderful. con-
omy ol nature, displays its beautnui reg
ularity', and is conversant with those
lovely arid harmless things, I the flowers
of tie field, con veyO to some unhappy
minds thoughts most unlike the pureness
f ae hlv, or the sweetness of toe rose.
Thef e are minds, howeyer, of a different
stamp," minds which adorn and enrich all
they touch, which carftearn wisdom from
a flower, piefy from a Hade of grass, can
find serpions in stones, and good in every
thin.?,1 The man " thus hnppily gifted,
walk3 fo'rth' into jhe fields the daisy,
" wee, modest, crimson-tipped flower,"
the eye-bright, with its painted blossom,
the,go!den tormentil, or the blue hare-bell
spangles the turf on which he treads 5
while the hedges are covered with the
clusterings of the wild roe,; the garlands
of the convolvulus and honey-suckle, or
starred with the English geranium, the
bright hypericum, or the fairy scorpion-'
grass; ' Astonished by the profusion of
beauty, the wantonness of ornament which
meetj him wherever "he turns' his eyesy
he asks their use and design, his heart
ris.s in wonder and praise to the throne
of the Great Creator, and he is answered.
The moie we study, the closer we ob
serve; the operations and provisions ef
nature, the greater, will be , our wonder,
the higher our admiration. Every sepa
rate plant has doubtless its own history,
ti 'rl!r!ti icuo r-s-ri-if' inltlKfontd
111 U3C70y lid prtUU04 HlUUUiiaiUS y
and, like St. Pierre's strawberry,4 may
furnish a study too diffuse, too deep, for
the life of an individual.
The physiology ef vegetables is a most
curious and entertaining branch of the
science of botany ; and, owing to the
great improvement of our microscopes,
may be pursued to an extent far beyond
the tupst sanguine hopes of former stu
dents.! In some recent experiments, the
growth of wheat was actually rendered
visible" to the eye ; a bubble of gas was
seen to xiart i.atn, carrying wnn n
portion of vegetable matter, which in
stantaneously lormed into a fine tube, and
one fibre was complettJ. In short, with
instruments like oui 's, what may we not
hope to accomplish in studies, unex
hausted and inexhaustible as are those of
natures UTstory, biographv, geography,
may no longer furnish scope for novelty ;
even fancy's wide domain may be filled j
to repletion ; but the botanist, the chem
ist, and the geologist, have employment
before ihem for ceiitui ies to come,vand
fong, "indeed, wilj it be ere they can have
cause to weep fdr new worlds; to con
quer.,, t . !
Our Saviour' words, " Consider the
lilies of the field how the grow,"! acquire
additional force and peculiar . beauty,
when we remember that they were' sug
gested by the sight of the splendid ara
aryllis lutea, a species of lily which a
bounds'in the land of Palestine, j , Who
does not feel their 'emphasis, when he
imagines our blessed Lord standing on
Hie mount, from whence, his divine ser
mon was 'delivered, surrounded jby.an
attentive and wondering throng, ! whom
he is 1 urging, to lay aside unnecessary
cares, and trust' in the bounty of their
lieaivenly Father ; and then sees him
pointingoVards those glorious lilies which
decked the suiounding plain, and dedu
cin? froin. their beauty, exceeding the
Vrnp Of kings'attire, lessons of simplicity
i'idressy freedom from vain or excessive
cares, and xiependaiice ont Ahnigbty pro
tection. i
iR. HURLEY,
DENTIST
as tne pleasure of offering his
acknowlecli?nents for the flat
tering encouragtrmet t he has receiv
ed from the ladies aWl gentleman of
Ncwbern, anci would Worm such as
ma' till require" hijirpfesslonal
ervices,tthat aa he co.teoi plates re
maining in tow-n butyadrt time
' arTilti if 1 inn tr tiim s K r iT.1 W; J I -.
bnt the accusation is a reproach to the ?V tl- ?
mind of bin. who makes i!, and nlSlatureOAohCaroltrta
fi
' - uyvtvi,uju;a
speedily. Dec. 32, 183li--S6,
,
. SENATE. .
Friday, Dec! 21. r
Ir. Hatch, from a committee, repor
ted a bill aniending the act to incorpo
rate the ClubfooHand . Harlow's CreeK
Canal Company'. Read the 1st time.
Mr. Graves reported the following
bills: which passed their first readings,
viz : A' bill concerning the dutv of Sher
iffs it .the sale of land for taxes. Also,
a bill to authorise IX Jarvis to erect a
gate. . Healsri presented 'the petition of
the heirs' of Micajah iTliomaSj praying
for a land warrant. Read and: refet red.
Mr. Spai'ght, of Praveni: from the Judi
ciary tonimjtfee, reported a bill fo pro
vide a further remedy to prevent suits
irom oeinji orougnt in. me county courts
when said courts shall'not lhave jurisdic
tion. He also presented bill to. con
solidate into one, the several acts relative;
to the appointment of Trustees of the
University. r -
The Senate proceeded to the order, of
the day on the Revenue Bill, in commit
tee of the whole, Mr, Person in the chair,
and spent the remainder of the day in
discussing it. -
I ' ---
. y Saturday, Dec. 22 i
- Four engrossed private bills were re
ceived from the - House of Commons,
which passed their, firs, second and third
readings, and were ordered to be enrol
led. Thirteen other bills and three res
olutions, which passed the House of Com
mons, were read the first time in this
blouse. .
t Mr.-Rqn presented a bill concerning
the 2d, regiment of Stokes ; and :
Mr. Bryan, a bill to authorise the em
ployment of an Architect for the State.
Read the 1st time.
The Senate resolved itself into.a com
mittee of the whole, Mr. Bryan in the
chair, on the Revenue bill, afte going
through which, the committee took up
the following resolution ;
Resolved, That it is expedient to tax
the tenement in which any banking ope
rations are conducted, which are not au
thorised by a charter from the Legisla
ture of this State.
After several hovrs' debate, the com
mittee determined, by a majority of 5 or
6, to lax such, tenements, 50,000. .
P - n r i ' ' ' - W ' '
; Monday., Dec. 24. .-'"f
On motion of Mr.,Qutlaw,' Ihe com
mittee of the whole, to whom was refer
red the Resolutions presented by Mr,
Williamson, on the subject of a Conven
tion was discharged; and 'on motion of
Mr. Bryan, the Resolutions were indefi
nitely postponed 36 to 23.
Mr Graves presented the petition of
Joseph Stater of Surry, stating that he
has obtained a patent for a method of re
moving blindness in horses, and offering
to communicate the sqma on certain con
ditions. Referred.
By Mr Seawell, a bill to amend an act
passed in 1816, concerning the Mayiga
tion of Neuse River, andan act passed
in 1S12, for opening and improving the
Navigation of Neuse River. '
Mr. Spaight, from the Judiciary Com
mittee, reported unfavorably on the prop
osition for allowing compensation to wit
nesses attending trials before Justices of
The resolution reported by the Com
mittee on internal. improvements recom
mending the retainin? the! Civti Engineer
Of ibe State, was carried 32 to 25. I
. 4 Tuesday, Dec. 25.
Mr. Spaight, from the Judiciary Com
mittee, reported unfavorably on the pro
position for making it the duty of the
Courts to" take up the State docket first
a each term. '
fhe following bjlls were presented :
By Mr. Marshall, a bill to regulate the
County Courts ofAnson;
Mr. Graves', a bill to incorporate the
town of Huntsville, in Surry;
Mr. Hatch, a bill -to authorise John
Washington, of Lenoir, to erect a, bridge
acrosiTNeue River; - .
Mr. Spaight, a hill further toregulate
the Newbern Academy;
Mr. Seawell, a bill to alter the time of
the sitting of the next General Assembly :
..Which hills passed their first reading.
7 The Revenue" Bill, being under con
sideration, it was moved ta be amended
by Mr Seawell, by adding to it a sectionf
taxing every tenement '.frjthfnuthisl Stat?
m which shall be ocated-or7 conducted 1
any Banking operation not authorized
by a charter from this State, $10,000 J
This motion waj negatived by-the casting and, we recognize not the odious distinc
vnte af lhe Sneaker there beiu? 20 votes .:... -i.L'j u.r w.u .
I for it and 29 against it. . I
Mr. AlstQn, moved to add aTdause tax-
ingthe tenements in Raleigh in which
the operations of the State Bank are car-
ried on lOOOObot the .proposltionrvk
negatived 40 tc 18 i
. Oiiinotion of ; Mr.. Outlaw the-com
4mittee ofthe whole to! whom was couq
mitted the Rill in estahlish a Bank bv th
t a U. L TVk : r,s mliAM nrrM krtm t
titlelof the Bank of North-Carolina, to
provide a fund for defraying1 the expense
of the Government and to lighten the
burthens of the people, was discharged ;
when Mr. Williamson moved that the hill
be indefinitely postponed which motion,
was negatived 36 votesto 24. . '
HOUSE OF COMMONS.
Saturday, Dec. 22.
The following bills were presented : '
Bv Mr. Stai.1, a bill to enable infants,
in certairf cases, to make convevances of
property, tre. also presented a bill au
thorizing certain limitations of slave? by
deeds. Also, a bill to explain part of an
act of 1777, for establishing Courts of
Law, &c. '
j Mr. Jeffreys, a bill declaring the, effect
of deeds and conveyances in trust, and
to prevent fraud, &c. j ' .
Mr. Spencer, a bill to repeal part of
an act ot the last session as respects al
lowances to Clerks and Door-keepers.
Mr. Burns, a bill to alter the tiuie of
holding die County Court of Carteret. :
Eacluread the first time. . ' j.
I John Cowan of Wilmington, was elec
ted Colonel of Cavalry, in the 3d brigade.
I Mr. Moore from a committee,: repor
ted in favor of removing the i Library to
the Conference Hall, and in favor of ad
ding $100 to the annuai appropriation
far its increase. t
j " V! . Monday, Dec. 24. ' , I
! The following bills were presented :
! By Mr. Stanly, a bill to incorporate a
company i-to deepen the Swash called
BJair'.pnannel in Pamptico Sound ; j
I Mr; Strange, a bill in addition to the
act appointing a Special Magistrate, in
Fayetteville. ' c
xIr, White, a bill to establish' Spring
Grove Academy in Anson ; y
Blackledge, a bill to amend the act
respecting a turnpike road from - Pun go
River to Plymouth ; i
, ;Mr. Burton a bill to alter the name of
Aaron. Griffin and others. .
Thee bills were read the first time
and the latter one rejected, f
ri Tuesday, Dec. 25. i j
The following (ientlemen were elec
ted a Board of Internal Improvements
for the next year, viz. Isaac T. Avery,
Bartlet Yancev, John D. Hawkins. Tlios.
Turner, Durant Hatch, jr. and Wm. J.
Cowan.. . - -: ' j U .
The House ynanimously resolved that
the Public Treasurer be directed to pay
Denison Olmsted one hundred dollars', to
defray his expenses in makings Geologi
cal ; and Mineralogical ; Survey of the
Stale. : '': --v.
EDUCATION.
Mr, Hawks, of Newbern said that he
beld in his hand a resolution, connected
with a subject so vitally important to the
best; interests of Noith-Carofina, that he
hoped the house would pardon him.
should he trespass on its time by submit
ting a few remark? previous to the intro
duction of the resolution. The subiec:
to which he ad vetted, was that of educa-
. - W . . r-- . .....
twn: I have (said Mr. H ) cplled it im
portant I and sir, in a government con
stituted as is ours, emphatically a govern
ment of the people, to dissipate the clouds
of prejudice, and ignorance, must be an
object devoutly Im be wished." .
, ; It may' have suited the temper and the
genius of an earlier age contentedly to
gropejn the thick darkness which envel
oped it; nay, sir, at this day, the vassals
of , a despot may hug their chains, nor
once wish, for a ray of light to shoot
across the gloom of jhat prismhpse in
which their minds lie fettered ; but among
a people self-governed and free, these
things should liot be so. It uas sir, part
of the: legacy left to a beloved country by
the patriot whose portrait adorn these
w alls, that where public opinion gives
force to the structure of government, to
render that structure permanent, it is r-
sentiai that public, opion should be en
lightened. But, sir, our attention is cal
led to this subject by a consideration fair
more important than any; l have men
tioned.! That .Constitution which we
have 8? n to support enjoins it on .'ta
to establish free.schoofs forjhe conven
ient instruction tf voutb torbe indiffer-
entherefbre, in "tin iraattelr is to be
Aiurnl
t-. ti bemembered; ton. thii S
the son pf the humblest and poorest indi-
vidua! "may attain to the highest offices in .
the state, if he can produce those noblest
of all recommendations, integrity and ifi
teUigenoei.:. , - - " - i v !
! 'elicvei r, that we are called ft) iha
adoptioaof this resolution bv the solemn
nhliiviltnM r .iL I !. I '
yuiiaiiuu ui 411 uaiu,r uj consKieraiions
of justice, and by the important reflec-
"itti we are etiiigntfning itiose wuo
are to be among the future legislators of
North-Carelina.
Resolofd, . That a standing committee
be appointed, whose duty if shall be to
inquire whether the - injunction ) of the
Constitution, requiring the establishment
of schools, by fa Legislature for the con
venient, instructiyp of youth,v has been
properly - respected by tie legislature ;
that said committee report, fiohi time to
time, such plans for currying said requsi-tlon-
into effect as they may deem expe-
Idient and within the power of the state.,
Mr. Fisher, of'Salishury, said. he was
much pleased the other day, when the
gentleman from Newbern, (Mr: Hawks)
introduced a resolution, raising, in . this
House, a standing committee on the sub
ject of education. Indeed, it was, to hirn,
a matttit f surprize that the subject had!
been so long and so shamefully neglected !
by the Legislature, to whose care and at-'
tention it is jrecommended by an injunc-V
tion of the jConstitution, Mr. F. said,
the importance of educatjna the youth .of
the country too generally known, to re
quire any illustratbris from him; but,
notwithstanding its acknowledged im
portance, what has North-Carolina ever
done for itii a public way? Much, hatV.
been done by the liberal spirit uf Individ-
uals nothing by the State. ' While thouJ v
sands have bpm expended, in surveying
the rough banks of -our rivers, and iri v
other works df improvement, what .baj
been done by the Legislature toward re--K
moving, the obst ructions 6t ignorance, '
and to let, the light of knowledge in upon
the great mass of the people Surely it
is as much thelduty yof tile Legislatue to .
bring' into actio the mora j and intellec
tual capacities pf the .people, as to devel
ope the natiira resources of the state.
Every, wise orei nment. that ever exi-
ted, has been mindful of the' education of ,
its youth. i We .see even the present gov- -en.menfs
of Europe,! where ignorance
among the people is safety to , the rulers, j
fostering learning and liieratur.' If, in
such governments, it is proper, how much,
more so here, where the wisdom of our
laws," depends upon theV intelligence of
the people and the stability !of our Gov
ernment oh theirj virtues r How humbled
in the dust must 'we feel, when we com
pare what we have done with what has
been done by some other of 'our iiter ' f
staesj - . : '-tj ;t.' ;,if ,
v Mr- F. said, heheU in 1iis hand a few
statements of the appropriations made by
several of the states for the purposes of
education - and learning. . The .exam ple
dn this occasion was worthy of imitation.
,4 By an official report, hiade m 1818 it
appears that the library fund I of Virgin
exceeded ;i;i4,(XX) dollars and thatr
when completed the annual income from
it will equal 90,000 dollars. This large
income is intended for the establishment
of primary schools, and to the education
of,thepodr sVivV'l ''
The literary fund oCCorinecticut is still
larger than that of H Virginia that of '
New-York is yet niore muntficenl. The
aggregate amount of her school. and lite . ;
rary funds "exceeds 1,434,000 clollars.
Besides thse, the greater number of
the old states,' and ; all -the new states,
I !.. e . '. . i- i
nave large tunos sei a pan. ior; me pur
poses of education. . ' But what has North
Carolina done ? or, .what is ithe doing in
this important work ? ? , : 5 ,
Mr. Fsaid, he made these statements 1
in order that the House might contrast j
the liiffh'and liberal policy of. these our '
. vi. - ir. V -.t .-'" ." .
sisters in tne union wnn mat oi our own. -Surely
it is time for us to start in thij race
of intellectual improvement time to
shake ibff an indifference on a subject so
nearly connected with the future charac
ter and prosperity of out StateJ' Under
feelings of this kind, he wduld submit to' '
the House a resolution which he held in
his hand. It proposes an inquiry ioto.
the propriety of creating a school and lit
erary fund. If Ve cannot at once do
much, we may. at all events make a be
ginning; and prepare the'-way for future,
exeitions. " . ' rj .,; -
Resolved, That the coram rttee on ed
ucation He instructed to enquire into the
propriety of setting apart the proceedj
from certain objects of taxation, for the'
purpose of creating a fund, o be called
" rI he Literary and School Fund," frhicfi
shall be applied exclusively, to the sup
port of schools and academies; and tht
said committee also inquire what ilV l&.
proper objects cf taxation' for that' tir
pose,' and, how jhe fund so accrhh' ihb'i V
be. invested i until it grov wiib -
Jare to De appiieq tO.Uie for
which it is cieated.
'A
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The resolatiou was adopted.
...
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"... : '. : .. V-'f t---U'.' - -1 :. -. r -,Y. ' "