: '('... ; : " ' i .n i . i ' ' ' i i i 'i ' ' ' I I ' ' . ' ' ' ' ' ' " -i
NEWBERN, N. C. SATURDAY;- JULY 28,
1822.
NUMBER 227.
VOLUME V.
t j'"
i
t ,
M L v l
at3
and pcBLisHtw
FASTEUR WATSON,
ii per aunum half ic advance.
liUinal Iihproveinsht.
r, I I
w-s tern canal op nkw-vork.
ir -r. -ti- V
i -
"v". 'hTs erv wrt
.1 Ne-'-fh' .?u.,m "f. PJ"
iTiiou. ir u lines, 10 wumu
U ' , ... ..
in
.,uir
. rl J-St. in consenting iu lis ;
rVLi:
, :C iti.iu.
cum.i. 'C" m:
,i,ury ,n...d,;a..d enx,,ate, from
us -i.jic i
i ii ite the utility of tne great-
fH.unic j ni .. :! i
,1
4..,rK. v -
i,f pvdent v examined the Uana!
, nimite attention, and his le.ter,
) Ill"u ... i J1 , .
hp'ic've, n i be found .to contain
t.icVL,
III
Ik line, in the uresen
p inc. in the present stae ot its
,ess tlian can be found in anyother
jl3irrdsus the rnijiiesi graunca-
ia learn, from -authentic sources,
far .he practical ; uiilil, of
..f ihe-.n..,t sanuie-
;v
ir
Yicome arising from tolls is al-
v immense. In the years lbl
iSlj when opposition to it was
the strongest, had any one
ire l to predict its present busi
an l profits,, he would have been
r
ell!''''
1 an enthusiast, and ?idicuie:J as
'.' . tit
J vh
ionnry estimates inucii oeiow
reality were then treated as the
Jl-.'.i
us of rom nice, or worse, as po
! sc.ie;iies intended to deceive
tj-i
lblic. At that time there were
i ,v wii i itere witling to assume1 the
rcii'isibility of . connecting them
sHt.s with- the project, and many'
jt.j.hjiiJl it a suliject for sarc-tsm and
rldic.k Hut the tables are now turn
f. enuiih are" fomid ready -to
ic. ti I. .. ..e
Ci ii IT a parucifj iiinii ui uic ui:iur ui
pnj ciinr and executing so grand , a
g;r;. This is a sullicieiit - triumph
fx its early and Jast Irieuds, an"d sutti
ci'ui moititication to its bppone'nls.
UV forbear lurtlier coininent, leaving
tie letter to spak for itself: : j
J
Sartttitga Springs, IQtk June'
'Dp.vr Sir I have just completed
arv M'ur iio.n New York to the ia-
. j . .... - .
Ci hills and back to this place a
c:wiac'iatJie p.in i winuu was oy
i -r. I sluU "uiplov a few m m ts
o:'!-is-jre; which 1 enjoy, in tins ele
sjiit re're.it, in 'tratifyihg your curi
:irv w iiii respect to this journey.
ji wlii le distance from Aew Vbrk
h ii.irTilo, bv ihe route of the Canal,
it lens! five bundled-miles. Aftei
Ij-ivinj tl-o stoaui boat at; Albanr, j
p' tli-' s:.tjre iJr liie L'ttle Faljs,
wrre I arrived
In seisoii to take
C: itl nickel ft)
;i Jiic i. lieniployed
leisure in looking at
t-
i
i
loo
our s
ami
Com- ti i:i!;
the new
fie old Cnnir at Hie Liule Falls
H !i t i ilUrreo iri;-e ' -Weston. wh;
I ; ' ;
s-. much xtolltil as an Fn jlish
fp.'ii-'er, sinks
into.. insiiMiifp-aoctr
w!i".i C(;n;ire l
with the; n aive eil
.. .. ... . rti
?neers now in the full ti le 'of miccsjss-
fj'f fieri-iierit. Fi oin wh if 1 ran S'-
h ivp li;inl O
his o eratio is I im-
;iie that he was
q-iite a sutioidin ite
''ijineer of little experience les
teritv anl that his'obje rt was more
'Mcquire money tit m fatne. With
I k v'uiv he ailonted ;i svsImiii r(
'tination. enveloped his proceed-
r
!ts with the cloak of inistery, ahd
ftxted ad that jwere within the reach
v Um iiiliienrf with chimerical anil
Minded .notices of the difiiculties,
Jrii;ii surrounded the walks of the
-:i enoir.eer. fcVoni below the Lit-
J! ' F.ills to within 7 miles of'TJtica,
n-re are lt !nrU ol Ihe most solid
aerials, and of the most admirabfe
'-kmanship. I embarked on board j
W .... I . J l. ... i . ti 1 I
c i lrrllll av,rwci vain u
ijl'.Masnet, of six tons, and in six
":rs arrived at 'Utica the distance
Hs'im 22 miles and by the river
f t) ir way w.Ss through a char-
wc!!-settled, fertile country, and
,,kr.in: Flats, which contain several
'J3ii nrres of excellent land,coin--t
1 of the alluvia of the West' Can
Creek and the Mohawk River.
''V'y opposite Jo the beautiful vil-
-f ' Herkimer; the Erie Canal to
I
H S.KHt I KtinrP th tr-ACli. fit 1
-
n,'l caiul. and in one ulace an old I
1
:A ,urK approHdi cioseiy
lent oDibrtunity for contrast,; and the
so greit,y in. favor of the lat-
, ter, that itjs perfectly idle to attempt
i a comparison. The property laying
at this place, ready for conveyance to
market, is composed of thousands of
barrels of flour, pork, pot a$ti, ana
whiskey and staves, lumber1, glass,
wheat, &c. to the value of a quarter
of a million of dollars, and a great deal
of it unhoused. .
.... i
i he next morning we.ioos a ooa
nf lliira for M.iriteznma. and at 10
ed .l.eplaceofdes(ina.io 90 miles
Wh immediately embarked o,T boar-i
- - , i
nfa cvill h.iat Pilfered the eneea
River bv a lock passed iota one oi
its iulenls. called the Clydd River,
. . ' :
lormed from the confluence of the
a outetf anj Se Cr ek
Lyons, and navigated it hntil we
ai . . ' . . . ' . . - f . .
arrived at C yde disiant 1j miles bv
ihis route from Montezuma, ILand 12
.. .. , ; 1-i . i
. . .. i1
Tne Cavu?a marshes lie .between
,Jo , . I j
these p aces, and present a formida-
rt7M.? -J
rial lasi seasixi uuj men v:eie em
ploed in forcing this .work through
them, one half of whom took sick,
"-v , ,
"nJertakn.g ,v,il be, accorr.-
Cnby a e,..pi.ra,y .voodA, lock,
ailU lijilK prtssagc id a unitti ijjLjai
At Lyona nine miles, w-e chajnged to
the My ton llolley, a' boat of 40 tons,
drawing. 8 inches water, and
replete
with elegant accommodations. We
lodged that niht at Palmyra
and the
Heart-
next morning we arrived at
wvlPs iiasiu in Pittsford, (j$
miles
from Rochester.) where the
present
navigation of the canal terminates.
I have thus travelled 1 74 miles by
boat 15) on the canal
13 on the river ClydeJ
174
In the course of the. season the ca
nal will be navigable from Rochester
to Se.ienectady that is to say, 5:J
miles of the Uiica, and 20 niles be-
making uninterrupted navigjation ol
238 miles. There will thei remain
to be finished about 122 mile's, town,
28 from Schenectady to dudjson Riv
er, and 94 from Gennessee River, to
Bufldlo ; and ot this a grea porlion
is already done. In the vicinity of
Albany, great excavations are carry
ing on at the Cohoes : the founda
lions of the locks are laving at two
different points; the aqueducts across
the Mohawk are in a slate 01 prepa
ration, and excavations are (proceed
ing in the heart of Schenectady.
From Rochester to Lock Port, 63
miles, there are no intervening locks,
and here as well as bKweeu .Monte
zuma and the first lock east of Utica,
tiiere is an , uninterrupted level of
70 miles, making only w two distan
ces 140 miles without the ijicuniber
ances of locks ; a fact withaut a par
allel in the annaU of'tne world- There
would be noJilhculiy in finishing the
canal to Lock Port this season, but at
this place it passes a mural Jiecipice
of (0 feet, and 20O feet alove the
level of Lake Ontario, whicli is about
15 miles to the north: Lock Port is
a prosperous village of nearly 100
buildings, which has sprung up with
mushroom rapidity, out whose flour
ishing, existence will be as enduring
as that ol the canal. Here i double
set of locks, five for ascend ng and
five for descending boats, ol 12 feet
abreast, and from the heigh ;s of the
village you look down to tht fcot ol
the canal, on a great natural basin
capable of containing -a vas number
of boats, and afJbrding the most se
cure as well as the most spacious ac
commodations. When ttu forests
which obstruct the view of Lake On
tario and Lake Erie are cut down
you will have from this alt tude the
most picturesque and sublime pro
pcts which the world can afford.
To the north you will see the canal
winding its way to the waters of the
east, lost in the distance and crowded
with boats bearing the wealth of the
western world; 100 feet below this
height, and on an average two miles
north of the canals, you see the cele
brated Ridire Road, covered with
habitations, and its borders lined with
fruit trees, green with vegetajtion and
teeming with abundance. Farther still
you behold the Lake Ontarioj a great
inland sea. stretching itself to the
j c l
north and to the east : and to the
. ...... ...:ll U..I..-J.1 tko lm.-r.nen
WtSl VUU Will UlUvJlvj iiic iiiiiuriuv uia-
...ri t, vs.a ,.,1 K our rna r
in? of ihe cataract : and to whatever
point of the compass you direct your
view yon jwiii perceive iuc iuuh ici
tile regions in the world. -The em
bankment at I lrondequat is a mile
long, greatly elevated, ; and a part of
me iwav is coraposetvioi narrow
neck, which appears as if it- were ar
ranged by nature for the express pur
pose of maintaining the level of the
canal. From it you will enjoy a
prospect only ; to be exceeded by that
of Lockport. From Lbckpprt to Buffa
lo via the canal vis about 30 miles; for
the . canal, is about thirty miles ; for
one third of this distance Tonewanta
Creek wi.II ''occupy, the place of the
canal ; and to Geneva! River, a dis
tance of 84 miles, its principal supply
will be derived from Lake Erie, which
will be let in at Bufiala and after a
passage of about 12 miies, will enter
Pouewanta Creek, near its mouth,
the waters of which will be forced
back. by a dam.;; ; ,
The completion of the canal east
from Lock Portias far as the Genesee
river, will be useless until this great
aperture for the waters of the lake to
feed the lower level is made. The
canal will have, with a view to trje
attainment of j this important object,
a descent of an inch a mile from Buf
falo to Genesee river, which it-is cal
culated will produce a current of half
a mile an iiour -the distance being
94 miles, it will take, ion this hypo
thesis, seven days before.; the waters
-f Lake Erie can mingle with the
Genesee river You will readily per
ceive that much will be lost on this
long voyage by evaporation, leakage,
and: wastage in general. There are
no intermediate streams upon which
great reliance can bej placed : but,
thank heaven, there are no interven-'
ing lakes to produce consumption of
demands for supply. , ; . Many small
streams which gush from the foot of
the Mountain Ridge can be put in requisition.-
The Genesee river can be
used for a western as well as an eastern
sewer. Sandy Creek' and 1$ cMile
Creek can be pressed into the service
of the canal the best artificial reser-.
voirs and basins can be made and fill
ed in seasons of abundance so as to
meet seasons of scarcity. And what
is full of more importance, Tonewauta
Creek, 1 above the place where the
canal enters it, can be forced into the
channel of Oak Orchard Creek which
will serve the double purpose offacil
itating the transit of the waters of
Lake Erie, and of offering a copious
supply at a point where it will be
wanted, ft is impossible to form an
estimate of the quantity or of the
value of the-commodities ascending
and descending the canal perhaps
two or three rijjilions of dollars before
the end of the season; the revenue on
the first of June amounted to $20,000.
One man owns 4Cr boats, another 16 ;
and I saw on my voyage 16 barges
which had come from : Ogdensburgft,
via Oswego and Montezuma, for the
purpose of carrying freight on the
canal. i i-
The progress of a loaded boat car
rying from 20 1040 tons, with two
horses, will beat the rate of 30 miles
a day while that of a: waggon, with
from 4 to 6 horses, and from 2 to 4
tons, will not averagie ! more than 20
miles a day. The tojls paid at the
locks will not exceed the tolls requi
red at turnpike gates ; land the ordin
ary expense of a boat with its equip
ments and horses will not exceed that
of a land conveyance. And the differ
ence of expense in the carriage of
commodities will be obvious from the
following statement. The transpor
tation of a hundred weight of commo
dities from Utica to Montezuma, can
be had for five cents, by the canal
while the transportation of the same
quantity by land from Utica to Al
bany, the same distance at least 96
miles, will cost 75 cents. A ton of
goods can now be transported from
New-York to Geneva, or to the head
of the Seneca Lake, for 20 dollars.
Before the establishment of the canal
it cost 50 dollars. The wear and tear,
or, in other words, the insurancea
gainst damage by land conveyance
from Albany to Buffulois 5 per cent,
by the canal it is almost literally
nothing. By a proper arrangement
of the locks, by which one vessel will
ascend a lock and the other descend
immediately after, before ihe lock is
emptied, it will not take more than
6 minutes for the passage of a vessel
through a lock ; of course 240 ' can
pass thro' in 24 houres. As the ca
nal will be navigable 8 1-2 months in
a year, supposing 30 or 49 tons cnv
veyed in each boat, the aggregate 6f
i production in the course of a seaso
j may approximate two'millions of ,tuns,
j which will produce a'nevenue equal to
j ten millions of dollars a sutirt x
ceeding credibility and almost tran
scending reasonable calculation.
The animating influence and
lying spirit of this great work is fel
all directions ! 100 houses
are
buildiu at Rochester. New vil
are;
r, t
springing up on the turnpike,
me canai ana at intermediate poults.
A a- . I.
Uudato,!; like a phenix has risen
m
its ashes with renovated beauty
id
increased; prosperity. When 1
st
my eyes over this delightful, vill
ate.
and saw iits pharos, its
its
public buildings, us 'piers stretching
oui into me Ifhke, and braving thefiirv
yi me uuiuws, a prowa oi sea ves
ds
ion the waterv expanse, and an irtl
id
sea extending beyond the. reach
of
jview, and bearing on its bosom
accumntulated and accummulati:
riches of the western woi Id, I
mil st
vuiocss Midi leu an enmusiasm win
. . C. U I ..i -
I rarely indulge. The energies
freedom and intelligence enlisted
the side of great public improvemens'y
lurnisti a spectacle on which, to
row the; expression of a heithert j
losopner, the gods
may Juok
with admiration.
FOREIGN.
New-York, July 13.
SEVEN
DAYS LATER FROfV
ENGLAND. i
By the ships Euphrates, Stoddai
and Hercules, Gardner, arrived h
this'mdrning froni Liverpool, the I
VIVl-
I"1
m
aes
J ' !
von
1 i' lii' trl
itors of the Commercial Advertiser pp
have received regular files of Lclndbrj
papers to the evening of the 6th j Livr
erpool of the 8th ; Lloyd s Lists Jo
the 4tli ; and Shipping Lists, ozcJolf
the 6th1 June ; also, London anr) LivH
erpooi papers, receiver; Ty the liasse
las, at Boston, to the 7th June, rasi
mitterj by our attentive feoston cirl
respondents.;
Intelligence was received
in
Ln
don, on the 6th June, from almhst
every part of the continent of Euro
e
It supplied the usual quantv of
con
tradictpry rumouls relative to R0S
SI A and TURKEY, which leave
as much in the dark as ever as to
us
he
uuerior uesigns oi tnese rival powers
i ue latest accounts trom St. reters-j
burg, are of the 15th May, at vhch
period M.ide Tattercheff, had; beefi a
fortnight in the Russian capital,! with
out any atpearance of a changel in
the state of relations with the Sublime"
Porte ; although t a belief was said to
be entertained jn; favor of a continpi
tion of
of the
peace.' A letter from Odessa
7th May, j states " that thjsi
re
seems no propaDinry, since tne
sion of M, dfe Tattiscbeff. of a
with the lurks. Similar expectati
are held out in accounts from the s
quarter to' the 10th of that month;
the exchanges are'stated to havje
proved four pei cent, in conseqierceJ
So much for the pacific side pf ihe
question. As to the prospect oif WarJ
the Iaest French papers confiqeaflyj
assert that no doubt can possiblyfbe
entertained on the subject. Mlt ip-
pears pretty certain and is said not ui
be denied by those who persist jn he
belief of peace, that the Russian 1 rdbps
had actually marched in '.!oIdayiar-
It is, however, added, that the occu
pation of that province was only tim- i
porarv. arid would be held as a pleliire I
of the pacific intentions of Turkejt
In reply, it is remarked, that the con
sent ol Austria npt having oeen Joo
tained, it' would I be .difficult'." fprlt he
Porte to cousiider such provisionalloc
: . r i . i. . . : 't 1 V
cupation in anv other light than! an
act of hostility. Between these Cpn
tradictory statements wc confess ur
selves unable to decide as to ihelre.
suit. The affairs between these pow
ers may, perhaps, with the greales'
truth, be considered ijii statu quo, j
; ';- ' GREECE. H ,-.
Accounts from Smyrna of the tiStlj I
April, say, that the Turks who lantied
at Scio, had shed sc much blood that
mey nan given courage 10 ine yipi-1
quished. After stating that 1.2,000 1
dead bodies of Christians, of all
ages t
and both sexes ! were lying in
the
: i
streets, squares, and environs of the
City, and that the Turks had 4,00p
killed and 10,000 wounded, the writer
remarks, that
" the Greeks are-how
the mountainous parts
entrenched in
of Scio, whence they will not nrobabl
ly
venture, except with a sure prpspectj
of success. An amnesty had been:
:war
fns
alne
nd
;fin-
It
propiised for the insurgents, and the
projH)salsJiave;bcen seco lrfed by the
agents
tsof.Frt.nce and Austria, 'who
with a positive refusal. To con
met
quer or die, is the unanimous cry of
the whole population, incei then
the standard of the cross floats on all
the
mountains
PERSIA.
It is asserted,, in advices from the
Turkish frontier, that .he Persians
insist upon the cessjon of Armenia,
but ihat the porte had avoided giving"
any reply, in the hope that existing
differencies might be adjusted ihro
the mediation of England. Accur-
f dihS to other accounts said to rest .
on good authority, the Porte had or
dered thei lacha of Bagdad to, con
tinue1 the1 war with Persia, and 'not to
listen to any proposals of peace. . f
I"'7. H ''.. FRANCE. "
The King of France opened the
session of the chambers on the. 4th
June, by a sriech which we subjoin
As to Turkey and Russia, he merely
expresses a hope, that tianquiiity
may be preserved. With regard to
France, 1 the speech bresenis us with
a most favorable picture of its contin
ued prosperity, j although great care
seems'to have been; taken to discour-
ajie all idea of the existence of dissr.'t-
tsfaction
reigning
with the government of the
family. .
"rench papers continue ex-
X, IIC
treniely guarded as to ihe state of the
puDiic-mina, wnicn, nowever, i is rep-
r evented inprivate letters as extremely
feverish .with respect to the Bourbons.
!A fracas ts stated to havetaken place
:at Lyons, on the l()th of iMay in con- .
sequence of hostility 'displayed hi Sn
election return, by a fewf individuals.
The royalists who occupied the prin-.
i riA.t
on wh ich ia mass of from 6 to 7000
ITerraux, fell on the soldier, and in, .
5 some measure overpowered thenf--(Tlie
whole afternoon, in every street,
; was heard the cry of Down with the
" Bourbons ! down with the Kins
Vive (a i Liberie!" pitchers and'
flowerpots were thrown from the'
windows on the soldiers. Things
went on, dreadfully, and several per
sons were killed. Even the life of
the Prefect was attempted.' It was
only possible tov still tlie movement
by communicating to the millitary
(3,000 strong) ordersj to (he on the
people. Tranqaility was far from be
ing fully restored when the last ac
counts Came away, i; -'-
, SPAIN.
The advices from Madrid, through ,
the French papers, are of the 24lli
May. ..'The project of an Address to"
tne rving oi spam on tne state oi tne
nation, was adopted in an extraordi
nary sit ing of the Cortes held on that
day! A report of the committee of
fjnance on . the Mai ine Budget, was
read in the sitting on , the 20th. It
recommends a navy "compatible
with the mercantile marine, and the
resoutces of the treasury..' Twenty-'
seven vessels of all classes, including
p ships of the line, and 4 frigates, i3
ibe whole, marine fo'ree pro'posedi It
may be fairly referred from thisjimi-;
ted navv,1 that the Cortes are not very
ambitious of reconquering tlie for
mer transatlantic possessions of Spain.
A treaty with Portugal is ' stated to
have been signed by Ferdinand, ac-
Cording
to which the former is to fur-
nish trofs to
case of
need.
The commandant general of -
Cadiz had communicated to the con
sulate at hat place, the contents of a
private letter, received from a, Lieut;
Col. of Engineers, at Funchal, dated -Aipril
113, which states, that "peo
ple's nimd in the Canaries, were in'
great agitation, and lhat every, thing,
announced their desire to, proclaim '
themselves independent.". -, j .
GREAT BRITAIN. !
; ; The British Farliament which hail -adjourned
from the 24th to the 30th" '
iijrlay, net again on the latter day. l.
sThe second reading of the Catholic
bill,4 "was fixed in ' the House of Lords
or the '2 1st June., There appeared
lip chance, however of its being car
lied. Last y ear there was a majority
against jit in the upper house of 39;
and out of 14 newly elected represen
tative peers, 10 are said to be. hostile
to the measure. The duke of Wel
lington is stated to have authorised a
proxy to vote in favor of the bil'. Sir ,
James Mackintosh in the House of
Commons, introduced by ati eloquen
speecbJthe following resolution : "lha
!lV-:'..
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i 1
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1
ii
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if
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