North Carolina Newspapers

Si SOTS -w ..1 - .1 ,T -J UNION OlJR WATClTWOIlDTRlfTII OUR GUIDE 1 data J.UBJ.ISBE1X BVKEI SATDRDAV, BX THOMAS WATBON. ; .. TnmI.Thf.MI' '"",0,,,f j u riod ,han o ,.ar .ud n? p.pr . V 1 ,he gption of the pui.mn.-r. v , To the freimenof the Counties of t.. r-riufn artd Carteret, torn- rutC'd ; . , . . . . . I . fM,rtk nnnff-resstonal JJis- trict of North Carolina; . Feiow Citizens: r rtl,i,,Ve, A Many of you have learnt, with deep regret, ?hat.oa disthmuislied: representative, the Hon, .w M: Brvaiiia, declined Wtec, : .h next Concress. Llunng lr Bryan's term ofservice, appropria tions have been made by the General Government for deepening the Swash at Ocracoke, and a survey has been made between the waters of NeuseRiv er and the harbour at Beaufort, for a ShipCanal, In order to push forward these important works, to their Com pletion, Iliave taken the liberty of pla Zntr mv name before you, as a candi- to represent you in tne xist ion s. In the Northern States, the candidates for Congress areoaaetimes nominated by delegate trom tneamer eni counties, or by caucuses of the friends of different parties and candi dates ; these practices do not prevail in the Southern State8,either for membersj of the Legislature or, Congressi 1 will not, on this occasion, stop to dis cuss the question, whidi. is the most proper mode of proceeding, but go on to place before you ,roy views of na tional DolicY. so far as thconstituent may wish to know the general views of his representative. ' U has been the practice, in the Southern States, for the candidates for Congress, to travel through the several counties, at the Battalion Musters, and make stump speeches. I do not admire this practice. It consumes the time; and deranges the business of the candi dates. I shall submit this Circular to my Fellow-Citiiens, instead of a dozen Stump Speeches which I niightdehver at as many different muster grounas. 1 must mention another custom in our Southern States, which I strongly dis approve thai of ther candidates treat inc. tbe people with ardent spirits a musters, and other public places, be fore, and also at the election grounds I can assure you, I have no mteution o overflowing the District with Ham and Whiskey. Taobtain a seat in Congress by such means, is alike disreputable to the people and their representative, it will afford me crreat nleasure to be the agent of my fellovv-citixens, in acts cal culated to improve their moral and pe cuniary condition, but I must be elect- ed by the unbought suffrages of Free men, or I shall think it more honorabJe to stay at home, and attend tb nxy own business. The citizens of thi Repub lic have recently declared in a voice, loud as the thunder of Mount Sinai, that thej cannot endure even the sus picion of " bribery, intrigue and cor ruption" in the election oriheir public officers. I therefore call upon the mo ral, sedate and reflecting-part of this community, to sustain me in another -effort to do away the odious an4 de moralising practice of treating atelec kns. - In our Republican form of Govern ment, the people are the fountain of power j all offices are trusts" created for their benefit, and not to gratify , the cupidity or ambition of any individual. A primary maxim of this, form of Go vernmenv is; that the majority must rule. The present administratioa hav ,u come into power with an over whelming majority of the people in. its favor, it U just ' and proper that your representative.should give to the admi nistration "of Gen. Jackson an honest, nd energetic support in all. measures calculated to promote the happiness, prosperity and glory of our beloved country. -.u,- -',.;, 1 am of opinion that when a 'repre sentative knows the wjll ofa majority l bis constituents, that be is bound to carry them well into effect although his own opinion may bedinrent. - The Representative goes ; to; clo what .the People in their sovereign5 capacity can 1 ?u,jr uuj- ana id measures OWD, T7 minor importance ill .daily occoir in Corigres;siia which'lr wduld'beimrios- nuiK V y r representative to know the opinion of a majority, of the people in nil such cases ; he will ' necessarily act according to tne dictates of his own judgment; " In such- cases the people aituMv juuc ui iiicu icjjreseuiauve with that charity and . forbearance, which one eentleman is ever read v to extend to another who happens to difier with him in opinion! - . : ; -I beg leave to observe that in what I am now about t? -discuss; 1; have rio intention to stir the expiring embers of party strife-bot merely to recommend an alteration of our admirable Consti tution,' which, I think, " will tend t strengthen and perpetuate the union the States; , let- the Constitution be amended ko that the President shall be elected for the term of six years; anitbe Jbreveraher ineligible. Lei the people vote directly for' the man bf theirlchoice, without, the intervention of Electors. Let the polls be kept and returned as for members of Congress, and duplpl cates forwarded by our Executive to Congress, r When no one candidate, has a majority of the whole number of votes, let the two highest on the list be referred back again to the people, for their decision. In case of a tie, which could rarely happen, refer back the election to the people, as last mention ed. This amendment would take from the President all temptation to use the power and patronage of his office, with a view to secure his re-election The term is long enough to test the utility of any new system of policy he might be called upon to pursue. The power of impeachment would be a check, "and some safeguard against any flagrant violations of the Constitution. This amendment would prevent altogether, the election ever going to the House of Representatives. However pure, and honorable may be a. presidential elec tion in the House of Representatives, the unsuccessful party will be dissatis fiedand - surmise that they were de feated, by Intrigue and corruption. Such suspicions would tend, to weaken the lofe and reverence-' of the people for ou admirable system of Govero- ment-i-sow the seeds of violent discord at hone, and lower us in the estimation of foreign nations. Tie last Tariff Law ought to be mo dified; it was passed during a period bf great political excitement, w hen passion had seized the reins from reason. At the next session of Congress, which I hope will meet with the most temperate and kindly feelings and with a deter mination to do the business of their constituents without delay, let this law be carefully revised. The duties on such articles as enter into the general consumotion of the poorer classes. of the community, and which cannot be produced advantageously in the United States, should be greatly reduced. The duties on teas and coffee should be very low. : 'A more general use of these ar ticles would tend to diminish the use of ardent spirits. A strong dish of tea, or coffee, produces more permanent excitement of the nervous system, than rdent spirits, and far less injury to the constitution, and morals. :-f I would add the article of sugar, but I am sincerely of oDinion that the d resent duty of a cents per pounds will so far- protect and encourage its culture, in Georgia, Florida, and- Louisiana, as to enable you to purchase it for or 6 cents per IbV and by drawinoff an ; immense number of labourersfrom the cultiva tion of cotton, and corn will greatly enhance the price of these staple arti cles of our North Carolina Farmers. Salt is a necessary of life which eVery one consumes, it it snaii De proyec on an examination of facts that salt is hicrher now. to the boor, consumers of the article, than it was before the pre- sentnity was laid-then let the duty be lowered,: In the last war it ros to 10 dollars per bushel, by the interrup- lon of our foreign trade and tne do mestic manufacture was not suflicient to su'ddIv the wants of -the people. It ivill hp wnrthv the consideration 01 Congress whether this real necessary of lite should not be manuftcturedat home, so ai to insure a competent sup ply in time of war: The; duty on mo asses is too high; appreiieuo tnai it njures'ow'WeSfc-lbdia trade, which is M principal foreign trade of thisitate. ouvwill perceive that 1 am in tavor 01 riffbVch will promote tHerospfrity of Agriculture, manjilactures,, ana vote for any law-, which I judged would destroy the - Farmers, for I consider them as the foundation : of the whole fabric "of sdciety and the safe deposi- ury ut inir oearesi rignis ana iiDerties. I shall conclude my address to you with some Remarks -on the, most impor- iani suDjeci wnicu can arrest your at tention. - " -v.;x:-''v. ''v.'J;v:: It is calculated by n able, and sci entific Engineerhat tne losses sustain ed on our commerce which passes over Ocracoke bar amounts to at least five hundred thousand - dollars per annum. This enormous annual tax is deducted from-the produce bf ohr farmers. The LSwash prevents : the 4 merchant .from sending his vessel to staonly by great exertion, lighterage ajid detention. In im 4oi hes whatsoever U 0r ; Fra n k-. Jin maxim more emphlticaUytrue; that "Time is Money"- the ligbterage, delay in setting down to OcSacockei from the interior towns -the delay in getting on board the lighter loads,' by heavy winds, &c. and the( extra insu rance, consume the. profits of the mer chant. He is compelled to give low prices to the farmers, who thus ulti mately suffer to nearly the whole a mount of these enormous losses. To overcome these difficulties is worthy of a mighty effort ; by the aid of the Ge neral Government this effort is how about to be made under the direction of Scientific Engineers let us hope that it will be completely successful. In examining the map of our sea board we perceive, that there are only three main outletsto the ocean for all the produce of Noith Carolina, which is exported by oir own merchants. 1 These are the bars ik Smithville, Beau-! fort, and OcracokeV By the first a large quantity of produce raised in the vicinity of Cape FeaV River, and its tributary streams, finis its way to the ocean. The navigation of the Cape Fear is obstructed belw Wilmington; by shoals which have bten partially re moved. V The late Congress have appropria ted 20,000 dollars, to aid the State in removing these... shoals.V, -The losses produced to the.commercciof Wilming ton by these obstructions,! are estima ted, by some, at 500,000 per annum they ought certainly to ! be removed, and I hope Congress will appropriate 100,000 dollars more fdr that purpose, if it is found necessary Beaufort has the Jbet bar, (having more than 20 feet watei,) of any town on tne sea-poard 01 tlu$ btate, and a capacious harbour where a thousand vessels may ride in perfeqt safety during the most violent gales: It appears to me that a powerful effort should be made by the State of North Carolina, to make this a great exptfrling.Town. This town is very healthy, vessels would not here lose their crews in the fall season by sickness. A narrow pen- . v - insula of low ground separates v the deep water in Neuse River, from the harbour at Beaufopt.. . A Canal about ten miles is .length would be required. I should recommend a Canal 80 feet wide at the surface of the water, depth of water 1 0 feet, a; regulating lock at each end about 30 feet clear width, and the sides and bottom- of the Caual to be perfectly J' secured against ; slips, washing of the sides, and all other ac cidents that tTanals are subject to in a sandy and alluvial soil. Therel ought to be a tow path on each. side. ' A Ca nal of such magnitude arid importance should be - finished in such a perfect manner as to endure without much re- pairs to' the end of time- Such a Ca nal would- afford a free riassacre1 to schooners drawing nine feel water, and steam boats ;of the largest 'class." A survey has been made of a considerable part of this peninsula, by MajU .'Hart man Bache, one of the most industrious and accurate of the Topographical Engineers, ; assisted by Lieuts.. Boyce and W ragg, gentlemen of high standmg in ? their profession, v The i survey "of otner proposed routes ri tnrougn ' tnis peninsula" would be completed in a few days, as there is no material! difference in the levels at different parts of the and. ; M Bache surveyed the pro posed routes from North River to, A- darasl Creek on Neiise also a route from Core Creek to Adams'. Creek- 'acftj Scientific Engiueer at rTorr Macon; to make a Report, as soon as practica- pie, on a nip Vyanaijuetweea the- wa tess of Neuse River ankf tbelarboreai Beauforti In laying down the route for; this Canal, private, and local inte rests; should be entirely cl isregarded It should be made at such place as; will enablet to give the greatest facilities as a main outlet for the produce of this section of our State. Major Bacfie's Report may be expected in a few days and Other proposed routes not sur veyed by himj might soon be examined.' The Public, andour Legislature, would then be in possession bf al l the facts ne cessary to forni a correct judgment as to the best route fojr this Canah A company can be; incorporated at the next se loobf o u r- LegUlatureindL viduab'ilr iake part Jof IhejSCoc' ihState3noUfd the United States would undoubtedly take a considerable amount, so that this im portant work might be commenced in the spring of 1830. xuis vyuuai uas Deen reported as necessary in time if war, by "the Uni ted States Military Engineers, in order to complete the great line of Internal communications alonfr xiur sea-coast. - for the transportation of munitions of war, and reinforcements to any part of the sea-board, which might be invaded. In time of war the harbor at Beaufort can be more easily entered by our Pri vateers, Letters of Marque, and mer chant vessels than any one on our south ern coast. This harbour lies in a larere . 0 bay, protected by two of the most dan- gerous Lapes in, the j woriG,-tJape Fear on the one hand, r and Look-but on the other. No blockading squad ron will venture to lav before this port. From this place, merchandize could be transported ; in schooners drawing njne feet water through this ship canal to Elizabeth City, theii by the Dismal owamp canal to iorioih, and all our Northern cities All the Northern and tLastern states which own vessels tra ding to North Carolina, are interested in the completion of this work. Ju the sto.my months, or fall season, all the vessels which now pass into U16 interior of the State, by Ocracoke bar, would .come into the port of Beaufort, and pass tnrougn tins 1 anal : here they would be perfectly safe. Most of the vessels from Newbern, bound to the West In dies, would pass through this Canal and Over the bar at Beaufort. The distance from Newbern to Ocracoke bar, is about ninety miles. to Beau fort bar, is only forty-five miles. v At this ime, many vessels from the West Indies fall to the south of Ocracoke bar, and make a harbour at Beaufort. If this ship canal was effected, they could proceed directly opto Newbern, without delay. Now they attempt to go through Core Sound, where there is only five or six feet water, and some times lay on the shoals three or four weeks. ' A great number of coasting vessels from the North Counties, bound to Wilmiugton'harleston and Savan- andvE think J tpoItv the soundings in Harlow's arid Clubfoot's Creek, which are now umtso- by a smati canal. 1 wQqld.b leave viernor, ,whb"is Pfcesident of the Board bjf IhternaIImprovements,;sho to, the Secretary at V ar immediately, hah, would pass through this Canal, by which they would shorten their voy age and shun the dangers of Cape Look but. . ; A vast amount of ton -timber would be brought through this canal, for Steam Mills, which would be erec ted in ;the vicinity of Beaufort. The completion oi-the Canal would lead to other Internal Improvements in our S tate, which would add an i ncalcul ab le amount to our resources and wealth. From every view of the ' subject, it is evident that a small toll levied on ves sels and produce passing through this Canal, would pay a handsome dividend to the Stockholders, and be more pro fitable and safer than Bank Stock. ' In our State, Internal Improvements were commenced at the heads of our "rivers, and the! money expended in these pla ices is entirely lost to the State. If would appear most reasonable in my .opinion, to commence our . improve-! ments at our Inlets, 00 the sea-board,' and ascend to the sonrces of our rivers. After effecting a Ship Canal, or indeed while this was going onf I would re commend an improvement of the inter course between Newbern and Raleigh. Three modes of - improvement are pre sented to our view. ;- I shall briefly no tice them. The first is by a timber Rail-road,$ shod' with bars-of iron. I think this kind of rail-road is much the cheapest, strongest and ; best adapted to our :St?te where tiraheri plenl and cheap. A rail-road orTdiis kind is how constructing beeenj Charleston; v- anq' Columbia, in i that Staler the aiid-reaucst tiwj to instroct jte: able distance j$ jfQJcules; $n& xap tation of a bale of cotton this, distance will cost only v26 cents -Sucli:a rdad (i-om Newbern to Raleigh,' Would 'dou ble the value of every acre'of land, for twpni miles pri each side of 'the "road between these towns saved by this low price for trahspbrta tibnwould go into the pockets 'o bur farmers, and stimulate; them 'tofrajse many articles for market, which they Dow.cannotseJI on account of the Ex pense of transportation.' By a I recent " improvement in; rail-road wagons, otie horse is enabled tb draw thirty tons of produce on- a good rail-road.l The cost ofa rail-road, would be about one- third the cost ofa 'canai;. per' mile and the work would be subject to fewer accidents and interruptions. ' 'The riext most obviou. , mode.. jf tlmbrovemehu " would be toclear out' Neuse River from Ne'wberat Cobb's M ills, near. Raleigh, for steam and tow-boat navigation. I. should think it 'would be Dracticable by stone dams across the river,' and locks to pass the dams, to make four ornve leet water Irom INewbern to Cobb'sMilfs; Thi 5 Would be sufficient for powerful steaniboats, whietT with properly constructed tow-boats,1 would bring down all the produce of ' burifor niers, and carry up such merchandize as tbey needed. The third mode of improvement, would be to make a canal of the size and depth of water of ; the Erie canal. The Neuse riypr sand I creeks emptying into it, would1 then be used as feeders for the canal. In order to determine accurately, which of these three modes of improvement is best, I would advise that our Board of Inter nal Improvement make application tp the United States Government for two of the graduates at the Military Acader my, West Point, and one experienced Topographical Engineer j to run a cor?: rect line 01 levels lrom INewbern '. to Raleigh, and make out correct esti 1 lates of these three different niodes of i nprovement; ' v; ' ' ' -; 1 Some of bur leading men in ihis State 1 re violently opposed to asking any noney of the United States, for Inter nal Improvements,---aIIeging that such grants are uncbiistitutional. ;vThese opinions are -extremely unfortunate arid disastrous to the prosperity of this State. . When we know that an overwhelming majority of Congress have decided that appropriations for roads and canals, are constitutional, and thavt they are annually appropriating millions for im provements in other States, it appears impolitic and unwise in North Carolina to refuse - her due . proportion I of the public funds.. cNo State in the. Union stands so much in need of improvement in her commercial facilities as North Carolina ; and 1 have observed m the members of Congress from other States a generous disposition to do every thing in their power toremove the diffi'Uiltit s in our navigation, under which (we have suffered such , enormous losses. Ad shall we churlishly reject the proffered aid ? sit down in despair, and da i ly , see our enterprising citizens leaving their homes with their labourers, and capital and burying themselves in the western forest ? Shall North Cjarolina, one Of the old Thirteen States i be depopulated,.- while ourf politicians are mooting constitutional points ? j I have never yet found any article-in the Con-: stitution prohibiting . Congress from making appropriations' for Canals and Roads. If we have a (Constitution which pronibits Congress from passing' such laws asTare necessary to promote the happiness ; and prosperity of the people, let it be amended But after . such Taws have been passed for! half a century, under this Constitutionand opr country has- prosperedbeyond all others hi jthe world, I am 'induced to believe that' the less freouentlv our Constitution isamended, the more per- luaneiu wiii oethe Union ot the ta$es, and .die more rapid oiir miarcb to a state o prosperity and power which Will render this Republic the envy and adml ration of the world. : r - ' : am, respectfolly, ' , , Your friend and felIow-citiCDr JAMES MANNED, v Meaufort, April 15, 1829. Tp.B RENTED V THAT comraodiout brck Dwelling flfT House ortTront-tlreet, and posiewiopfi, HI? Liinwdutelj :'giea.: -Apply in the V vbsence of the subscriber, to Frandt Hawks- or l . John Bargwtn. . : , , ; W w u .vi a? &xim FXTlKIJ!fS BE$T CttfAXITJT J,lal made, fresh aiwl tweet .-iTcrived ihtt da... 1 i :1 1 1 I .1 H . )!' r 1 ! 1. X' 0 1 ( 1 I'. - v . ..