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'::;.
eUPREMfi COURT OP TIIE UNITED STATER
! . J- t , ' . . . , -. K It
ce of Margaret Latimer, (1 a&P&ntif? in Error J
,K,vi- , vvuiiam roteex, ; . . f
-v In Error' to the Circuit Court of the
for the District of North Carolina.
Mr. Justice McLean delivered the
- Coart.' ' - v ,.--;'i.V . -..--" fi I-."'.
This iN comes trior Am Camrt. an
for to the Circuit Court of North Carolina.
V The lessors of, the Plaintiff brought the
ejectment, to recover the possession of forty
Sand' THltn 4 hitndrM? a-fwl tnunt Bir-S ol
Haywood County, and described in the declaration
.by metea and bounds Oa the trial, ert?tt eVfi
Coos were taker! hy the Plaintuf to the Iingsof tt
; Court j and the verttiet being not guiftj. '1JK2
tbiaSedgnMtot, tin Writ of Error is prosecuted. 4
' VThe Sonioftbe PWnutf to s-
v s j nt from North Carolina to
William Catncart, wr uc v-Tr -v---
fcdSated the 20th of July, 1796. ahdfounded ot
ration. dated uie wui . . , .
J li- s th Rntrv.Taker'a office of the county
wuincv unuo m
..n '.'.t. in th vpnr-1795. Within
entries raaae m luc uu;-. - -j
: J C?.. in Ko T-wr 1 VQ. within
the limits of acrid eWrty. ' It was admitted that the
vr.i. :r l...l'AM.n1 A tTi Tjmnn of thm Plains'
. . . r . . a. t .rik. Plain,
BIW U T iwvmwvu J "
tr .n.( i&at t tYiM AnmiitftieenKBt of the action, the
Defendant was in possession. And alsa, that Upland
1 waa wwxun ue . wniw u uw j w
the 6th Section of the Act of North Carolina, 1783,
ixi.f Kt rt nritrnincr thm T.atid Of&r far thn
mdemntion of sDecie and other certificates. &c : And
he great queiitions arisibg out of the instructions are,
whether at the dates of the entry , and grant, the land
Was within the Indian country ; and, if it was, wneta
m'A. r .nil imntmrtt Vnift. r I "f
The Emits of the Indian country, within the State
ri 4 uio ijjiiiuf ui mm iuuiwi uiuuuTf nimiu uw: www
of N-Crounft were etrtdjlisliea byitraaties 'made
between- the United States and the: Cherokee tribe of
. The first treaty waa concluded i Hopewell ' the
Qtn TNTnpmW M7S5. The 4th Article of this treaty
5ecUred--' that the boundary allotted i to the Chero-
wn. inair nnnnn. irmimfii..iKLwmi i Lim mm iim
. ; . umui auu ui7 uiuciu tug uimhu mhwo, u.u duuu
'...n. .mj. ..... v .t. ninn rni vj. snail
itegin at the mouth of Uuck nver, on tne l ennessee ; I
thence nmninjr North-east to; the ridge, dividing the 1
M V : ten ninnlnj into dumberland from; those running
into tne Tennessee, inenee easterly aiong ins saiu
' inAiwA vA aa iTftrfK r-nrrf f ttva A Iks1 Inrf varrt Y nKtall atv-ptrA
, -ai,.'. - aiawav w wa vMwaw aaav an w Mny tiiuvu umiui U AAV
the Kvier . Cumberland forty'miles, above Nashville ;
. - r . thence along the said line to the river ? thence up the
-said river to the ford where the Kentucky road crosses
, the river ; , thence to Campbell's. line, near. Cumber-
i land Gap ; thence to the mouth' o Claud's creek, on
:'.' Holstoh ; thence to the Chimney-top Mountain ; thence
..".. .: .to Camp creek, near the' mouth of Big 'Limestone, on
- Xr i: -i i . .t . it. j. i . ... ...
:V .xiaucuueaey ; iuence oouineny course, six mues w
-,. ' a mountain "v)henee South to th North Carolina line ;
" thencfl to tha South Pomlina Tnlian hnumlanr mmA
along the samaSouth-west, over the top of the Oo-
thenica fTiiwi tin t K. inn Ar K. PnmK.. xrVmn-
tain ; Ulence to the head of the South-fork of the Oo-1
cuna river.1 :v j '"ll ; ; II, ! Iv . I
The treaty of Unlatnn. olti'K waa VnrtMnilftili tha I
21 July, 1791, altered the limits; a. established by the
" I .Hopewell treaty, and daclarml that tha ' lin ahnn11
I , begin at the top of the Currahee Mountain, where the
. vreeaune passes it; uience a direct line , to Tugalo
r.'f'rfyer ; thence Northeast to We Occuna Mountain,
.'. i and oyer the aame aloner tha Snntli' Hamlina ' Tn1ian
;;V boondary ta the North Carolina boundary. -thence
- V -North to a nnint frrvm xth uh a' Tin A i. tv K. mrtanAA
. to 'riyer Clinch,' that shallfmss. the Holston at the
wTMiut uithjc u wBicm running inio ijiiue nver
irom inoew running into me Tennessee jr thence up the
river fTIinrJl trTarrrnKMll'ali'ria mnA .tnn-.Uk.
. - J will, .nnii iit7 nwuin if iiitt
top ofCumbCrltffld Mountain : thence a direct line, to
. w vumoenana nver, wnere tne Kentucky road eros-
. ea u; uence uown ne. Cumberland nver to' a point
: from Which a South-west Tinei will atrike the ridge
a a .a . . - T O
wnicn aivioes tne waters of Uumberland trom those
.i of Duck river, forty miles above Nashville; thence
I down the said ridge to a point from whence a South
f West ' line will atrike the mouth of Dack river."
4 M And. in Order to oreclnde forever all VianutAa twla.
; tive to the said boundary, the same shall be ascertains
ed and marked plainly, by three persons appointed
j ott-the part of the United States, and three Cherokeea
; .on the part of their Nation." 1- f - :;",- 'i'; v'
I i " Another treaty was made, with tHe Cherokeea, at
Philadelphia, the .26th June, 1794, in which it waa
stated that th treaty f Ilojston had not been
t folly carried into effect ; andiii the aedhnd Article, it
t Was stiDuLUed. that the bonndariea ntAritionMl in
the fourth Article of the said treaty, shall be actually
ascertained and marked in the manner prescribed by
the said Article, whenever the' Cherokee Nation shall
have ninety day neUce "of the tune and place at
Whkh the Commiasion)rs of the United S tates, intend
to commence their operaStion. ; r , " - i v
; The whole extent of the fane" designated 1 by this
treaty,' never appesrs to have been run and marked.
Some parts of it were not run,; because the country
through which it passed, was mountainous and unin-'
habitable. - On the 7th October1, 1791 VoL Amerk
can 8tate papers, Indisji Affairs, 630, Governor Blount
bavinz eiven the notice to th f!hAmbM
the treaty, . under the direction of the. Secretary of
j . " w.. wM.twu, uic.mi;viUllg
i? -and John McKeeCommiasloners for extending the
'.-ft .$no befweeji the United States ah the Cherokeea, ac-
cording to the treaty pf Holston, to meet the next day
i l'MajorCraig'fn ,Nir extend the
f : Una. ; And they were instructedVia case Commission-
pctticti wu .iuo part ot juie,naians, to run tne
I Khe ; but, if the Indians did not attend, they were re
quired ta examine where the' ridge, which, divides
the waters running into. Little1 river from those run
r, rung into, the Tennessee, strikes the Holston ;' and
ex tend .the line from thence to Clineh river ; and
again from, that ridge to the j ChiIhoee Mountain,
paying atriet Mgaid'to' the Uti'M yiuf,
! In their report the : 30th Novenmer ensuing, the
Cummissioners say, that the Commlsaioners on the
Part of the Cherokeea, did not attend y and we pro
ceeded to examine, .with great attention, for the ridge
which divides the waters of. the Tennessee from those
f Little, river, and tracing ij, found it ai plain leading
ridge, and, that it struck the Holston at the mouth
but, having heard it suggested that the Indians had in
contemplation, at the time the treaty waa made,a ridge
which they supposed would strike the Holston higher
gap, we did not content ourselves, but ' retracedthe
ridge, fnd examined well the Sooth bank of the Hoi-'
ston. and the reanlt waa. that tmm r.i
ymced that the ridge which!) divides the waters of
x ennessee anu Aauie nver, strides jthe Holston at the
mouth, and at no other Dart." 1 1 ,k-u. ,.. ; . l
We then proceeded to run; but not mark,' a line of
c&peruaeavirom ine pomi ot um ndge,a a South
east direction, to Chilbowee Mountain, (distance se
venteen and a half miles,) and again' from thence to
the. Clinch, in a North-west direction, (distant nine
miles.) and found that line, continued to the Qouth-east,
; would intersect the Tennesseeshortly after it crossed
the Uhdhowee Mountoin, consequently take away all
the IndianTowns lying alen tne South side of Ten
1Tnw Mwed the necessity of turning the
FT-r the East and West; and, it tour
.a, fce te"ded from the point of the
.ge,oreaid, 8outh-ixty degEarttoChilhowee
Mountain i ajsun, from the point North sixty Wtm.
, Wewm form the true laaS'SShl
. Urn to. Cnnch,,between the. United State. ndX
Cherokews according to the treaty pf Holston 'Phi
.which both tfhe line, are laid down." T!
ThUune Kt eeverajjirhrte settle
In transmitting this report jlo'th War Tpart
Governor Blount remarka- ih n. ZllZ
illJ.nnotbe known toVSittm be
ing no correct map.of it, I think it necWry to fat
form yoo, that the country to the STZtLSl
coutn-east' oT Chilhn-aa .IT . vr .
the reported upoSuS
Sof0Mr,e-U
ledge .of. Mountaina. th. : ... .
irulM "of if(u,,;7,C r"" or ledge after
Jf0 rf- Mountains, that u, until it intersects the
" line which ia tn ha i . i . .. . v"iwaecia we
an enure bed or ledge after
is unul U intersects we
.I. . rK-,l
Y
boundaWtof North CaWL mar ' whicfc, jo
i- -j. ut U will not
be essential to extend it That which the lure report- the word of the treaty, ouat not to be so strictly ad- Vunch,, croasmg the Hoktolimer at the ndge. This
ed n will intersect, ifcontinued meaning that which nered to, as to give them any great degree of dissatis call to run.Nbrthi by this construction, is wholly dia
runa 8outh from the North Iboundaiy jof North Caro- iaction.w; In Ms answer, the Secretary U Wgx regarded. ' And jon,wha ground is this construction !
1mU.I MU t- KA rUn SHU IXiai A.W, bwu .141
' . " - - r .J m.I AhSm mw
WW W iVUWW
According to tnr mstrflctions. I morjosed that th
Little river, should form a Dart of th boundary i but
the Indians wouU bot agree to it. but insisted on a
straight line, which should cross the Holston where
thatridze should sLrikri it; arul want an firmlv fixeA nil
their determination, that I could not prevail on them to
asrree to any othttr." : And in anntnAr attar frnm Cinv.
ernor Blount to the Secretary, same page, dated 2d of
jvimii'ii jm-z enna m hnin mmiMn. inn
It a
I 1 DfOftOsed at th ftnav ' that tha ritla ahnnA bet tha
--t : "v"
I I nrnnnuwl at V lt. K Tu.1.t Wa tu
line. You will recollect that I was so instructed ; hd
I the Chif xwt
fh. i : - i j ...
1 should be a
I - - J vyy... , m.8 .,
OpuUWU.HI. II. HYUISU
that my heart was not straight that I wanted a crook
ed,hne. The difficulty will be in- running the line to
ascertain where the ridze . that divides , the waters of
xatue nver and j Tennessee will stntLe the Holston ;
for it seems, the white people cannot agree on it, a cir-
wumwnw DninowD w me- ai ue ume ue inaians
proposed it; but, trora tne best mtOnnaUon I can ob
tain. I am induced to believe it will move to h lnwr
down than they expected ; and, in that case, it is my
: .1... . .v . . . . . J
vuuini iuu uts nwui ui uw uvuj gugui hoi to uet
ao strictly adhered to as to give them anygreatde-'
gree of dissatisfaction." In his answer of 22d April,
uuuuou uxai ue worua oi tne treaty ougnt not
. i
1792, the Secretary of War says" I am command-
ed by the President of the United States, to whom
your letters are constantly submitted, to say. with re.
v w ypur remar&s upon tne line at Ldttle river,
that rmi will k. iIa.uJ .-I.. l:u t j
j w yamaM w uuu a uuurat vuuairucuou
of that Article, ao aa to render it entirely satisfactory
tO the Tmllana btuI at that tMm. tSm mni.Mtn
l. mmh muut?, av aa iw fcuUc U cuUrclY BaliSiaciOry
to tne Indians, and, at the same time, aa consistently
as mav be. with treaty.'' u
unine za ; uctober, 1798, the Treaty of Tellico
was entered into, which contained the Mowing pre
J M Whereas, The treaty made and concluded on
Holston nver on the 2d of July. 1791. betwtvn th
United States and the Cherokee Nation of Indiana
nad not been caimed into e-ctvntmn. fnr
thereafter, for reason of some misunderstanding which
uau arisen ; anu, wnereaa, in . order to remove such
misundetstandmg,iuad to provide for carryins- the said
kreaijr uuo eoeci,! ana ior re-estabiisiung more fully
iL a" a .
. w ' -"T' . O w.w awasj
ibc auu uicuuBiiiu ucLweeu uie parues. anotner
treaty waa hl1. mailA aml onnnliwlrl K u'.
them, at Philadelphia, .the 26th of June, 1794 ; iu
f wwvuuw. WW UU UQbWWU
" -Mniua VUlvi UliUUBi ai. WU IUUUUIH1 U1M all A
boundaries mentioned in the fourth Article of tKe
aaid treaty of H olston, should be actually ascertained
and marked, in the manner nreacriW hv th a .
tiMo vtiAnw.. 4ka . fk.l,u XT..: u...u 1
ticle, whenever the Cherokee Nadon should have
ninety uays nouce ot tne Ume and place at which the
commissioners of the United States intended to mm.
mence their operation. And, whereas, further delays
m carrvmar tha laaid fnnrth A rtioli. it le
, . l , , wujuicio ci-
feet did tnkAinlaAo an that K K.. j
and. described were not regularly ascertained and
marked, until the latter part of the year 1797: be-
iore wmcn ume, ana lor want oi, snowing the direct
course of said boundary, divers settlements Were made
by citizens of the United States upon, the Indian
lanua over and beyond the boundaries so mentioned
and described hi the said Article, and contrary to the
intention of the said treaties : bnt avhirh anttlora
removed from the said Indian lands, by authority of
wo umieu, oiaies, as soon alter tne boundaries had
been so lawfully ascertained and marked, as the nature
WT'vi - - '-'?
. uv io Aracie aeciarea- jn acknowledgment
for the protection of the United States, and for the
considerationa hereafter expressed and contained, the
T; Tr ana does Hereby rehn-
7? TP - .Umted 8tates M lands
withm the following potnts and lines, viz: From a
KUAW,??t2ZZee rif; Wow Tellico Block-
Wildcat rock, in a direct lne to the
c t , , . ' ... - r: ' ,D I
Mihtia Spring, ear the Maryville road leadinff from
Tellico; From the said surma- to ' the ' Chilhowee I
Mountain, by a line ao to be run, as will leave all the
i1fcT . ' . - 1 .a m.w m
uu ui uo in uie-miie creesto tne XMortnward and East
ward of . and to be continued along , Chilhowee
Mountain, unul tf etnkea Hawkins' hne. Thence
along tne said line to the ereat Iron Mnnnta;r-ni
Com the top of which, a liqgT to be continued in a
South-easterly coarse to where the most Southerly
branch of Little river crdssef the divisional line to
Tinrald river. . And from the nlaca nf kuimt!.. .
the W uu-cat rock, down to the North-east margin of
vue fx ennessee; nver, inoi . including Islands,) to a
point or place one . mile above the junction of that
nver .who tne vuncn, ana irom tnence, by a line to
oe arawn m a ngni angle, unta it intersects Hawkins'
Ime leading from Clinch. Thence down the said line
to the river--Clinch : thence im th :.
. . - . r ' ...vi m tia
junction wfctn JEmmery a nver ; and thence up Em
mery a nver, to the foot of the Cumberland Moun-
tain,&c' ,;rL..:(.j . " ,
. The 5th Article provided that this Hne should be
run and marked under the superintendance of Com
missioners appointed by bothparties; and that Maps
should be made, one of which was to be deposited in
the War Office, t r
'The Indian boundary, established by the treaty of
l l imiiu 4uibs auu natural objects,
which, it "would seem, trive as "mnrh .w;.
boundary as could weU be given short of a marked
une or water-course. , v , - .. -' r
It Was to begin at 4he top of the Currahee Moun
tain, where the Creek line passes it This Mountain
is in the 8tate of Georgia, and is designated on the
Map of that State, and "where the Creek lin
t,W" -.eaa ascertained. From this point the line
was w -nm au-ect ; to l ugalo nver, an obiect well
known and marked on the maps; and thence North
east to the Occuna Mountains, and over the same
along the" South Carolina Indian boundary, to the
North Carolina boundary, This mountain is desig.
nated on the Mao. and the iMnmlarie .iiaj r- u
mg estabhshed, were known. From the North i ar-
ouna Boutbemt boundary, the hne was to run North
to a pomfrom which4 a W is to be extended to
the nver Clinch, that -ahall pass the Holston at the
ridge which dividea the watera running into Little
nver, from those running into the Tennessee.
The point af which the line shall strike the Holston,
the nge, not being certain, gave rise to some con
tooversy shortly after the date of the treaty. .The
Commissioners appomted to run. the line in 1792,
found gaN by tracmgthe ridge,itled to the jnnctmn
t T ri.ve? ? consequent.
StVnhtCnmBaJl0n ?6. w" thTplace,
withm he mcamng of the toeaty, where the line
tT?S k xaWt T18" Mokton i mouth.
But that thiswas not the construction given to the trea
ty, by the parties to it, is dear, from the letters of Gov
ernor Btount, who negotiated it, to the , Secretary of
Kiaa
have1concIaded a treatj which includes
all tne white settlers, excent thnaa Mwh r .t . .
dividing the waters tf Little river from thaa r-
neasee." And again, Jnly 15. 1791 h - r
proposed that the .ridge dividing the waters of 'Ten
nessee from those of Little river. ahnnU rnm -- .
of the boundary ; but the Indiana would not agree to
U j and. were so firmly fixed in their determination,
uiu nm prevail on inem to agree to any other.n
This fine isMt eo fimited, as to the point at which it
ITr... f m" ona ". which it shall strike
the Clinch, but that it may be ao run, aa either to in
crease or leave out the-jKtUera South of the ridge :
taeonly stinulationa rtamtvtintr- U . ,..:. .ui.
me Holston at the riHir- AnJ ...
croas the Holston at the ridge.- And again.in a letter
Mf kfHffi
Kftf .bougie
me Jme Yon wi!1-tw1W r . : . . .
the linaJ vTZZzn J,: . Tlas "nonK t
nl n? nll:Tecollect 1 w instructed,
-its - :i- -
-die ridge wffl;atrike the Holston lower down.lfhatf
I was expected : and. in thai case.it is mv noirtinn that
I no nmmffnj1 lh. I'Mumlnnl M V a Mill ma.
I J wuuuwuu y hj .KUCUirT A- vu niu lUUO
I uucU cuuau-ur.4UIl VI Ul OIUIIV US HI JTBUUt
I divide the waters rtinnin? Into Little river, from those
w viu - oueui PON uio iiviouru - au auc uvixd uiwi
pit. that the line shall cross the Holston at the point
where the ridge terminates. U Little river falla into the
Holston, and the general course of the ridge would
suiKe tne
And when
make tKf nM crn th hnhnitarV. artil tvnttl1 Mhwi'tA' tin
other than a straight line tcl that neither party
I the President, through the ; Secretary of War-
tnt
. . a
uuhhvkuhiiiuiuu Ul ... , UUI .UIUBO Ul UIC UW!
i hhw.1 ;r- . - .1. .
But it is unnecessary to. crtnaidar the Rnrrpimnnrlftnce
I of Governor Blount, the ; report of the Commission'
era of 1792. or the words of this Article of die treaty.
won tne view to give to it a satisfactory construction ;
I as the parties in the treaty, near Tellico, have given to
it a particular construction. !. ? ; , s j . i
-in Una treaty, the rmrtioa nav that fnr certain miimiI
--j , I J
enumerated, the boundaries mentioned and described
I & K i i i - . . . . i . .
ceguiaxly tuceruunea ana mar&eu, unut me xauer
part of the year 1797" j j is ', ''M' : '.-vM'v
The 2d Article provides that the treaties subsisting
I between the' present contracting parties, are acknowlr
n r pnnri uunnir w-rtmm mwmm HPrnnaru
edged to bej of full and operating force; together rith
the construction and
ud usage,under then- respecUve Ar.
ontinue. J And,.in the 3d Article, it
ucies, and so to continue. ,, And, m the 3d Article, it
I S. .1 1 .1 .1 . .1. l: :.' . 1 i ' j ' r.i
i uwiareu utai uie iimus auu uounuanes oi we viier-
okee Nation, as stipulated and marked by the existing
1 (m.iu Uk. U A .. M1 TI l .1 .1.
m.mvs uciwixu uic uiuuca, MlttU auu JCimuIl lue
. . .... . ..
same, wnere not aiterea oy tne present treaty.
The obiect of the Govemmen. in ntirinr intA lr.
r w iMHV jay
rMofw am a n Am miawiltaMA ai.a. fa.il!-. 'a a - " a a -
w.i;f no tu tvtuwtuuw UIC UiUtSU UJlTlvarj IQIO WQICU
white settlers had intruded atsnd near rT!nmilA
and perhaps at other places.' The line established was
run and marked, and we have the bnoinftl Man n
- O jj,vi w j
copy of the survey before us, which was returned toi
.k ir . . . . .' ,. I
That thii Durchase was of territory not inlnt,r;n
the boundaries of the Holston tnuhr will rtnt k.
puted. ' And, from the language of the 34 Article, it
---f auus mw IWUvO U1U UVk IlllCiaU iU VrrValTllHl Ul
in ruaaur rnar rna nwiAa t ma ,Ka a. . i v- m
ennreiy new ooundary t bnt to mak anh a!r.t;An
I r k. d.u i j .. . .
of the Holston boundary aa should avnr tha nk;..
u uic uiuieu oiatea. ?,
The land lvinir Sonth.wist nf th TTilon K.-
9 - w.w mwiihwh UUU1J.
dary belonged to the Indiana; and it was a part of this
land that waa purchased by the treaty of Tellico. Of
course thts purchase extended from the Holston treaty
line Southerly. For no one can suppose that a strip
of Indian land would h tu- i: 1
of Holston and Tellico. The facts ao clearly to ahonr
that the Tellico purchase was up to the Holston line.
.1 .1. ...... .e une,
-
uw we pari 01 . mat une to wnicn the purchase
I J:.l . . , . . . . fii-mw3
did not extend, waa designated ; and the point where
the Tellico line varied . from it, so as to include the
landa purchsed, is 'marked on the Map. Arid this
shows the bronrietv of the lanimacrA nxi ;n
Article of the Tellico treatv thm nil..
should remain the same as estahliahml hv -TitJn ..
ties, where not altered by the present treaty.,yv-
on.. .. . ; . . . . ' .
The line of this treaty was to begjn at the Wild-
it Rock, in a direct line to the - Militia
aaid sprina; to the Chilhowee Mountain, hir . J
iuiiiiuw ruau leaoinir innn i miiha - . rnuh th.
he run. aa will . U .11 t.a kt: .- . .
,o the Northward and Eastward of it! and to be con-
U M.W I uu VII lllilDHiiiie rrMW
tinued along Chilhowee Mountain, until it strikes
HawkmV line. TJiiaTine is laid down on the Map &
although it is not called the Southern boundary of the
Holston fipeaty, yet It is recognized as the Northern
boonl"y ofthe territory purchased; and consequent-
ly must be the Holston boundary. Hawkins' line
.extends from CJluich, croasing ti Holston some
miles above its mouth, and runa between the waters of
"wtu u uioum, ana runa between tne waters of
Little rivwand thonf th-Tna-
the Man." ami mntinno. ,:i'i JTL .x.tV "
the great Iron mountain. ; At this point a monument
7 uuuf as, iceuca UIO UUiJJlIl OI I
erecieu, nut u tne line were extended beyond this
Easterly, it was not probably, marked, and it is not
laid down on the plat It is probable that the original
aurvey of this line was destroyed when the War Of
fice waa burnt in 1800.' j
From the VVUd Cat Rock the Tellico treaty calls to
iuu uown uie xvonn-east margin of the Tennessee ri
n tne Xvortn-east margin of the Tennessee ri-
pomt or place one mile above the junction of
r whh the Clinch ann fmm ti..n. i
yer, to a
that river
, . . uug
tn ha nr. inn in a I .! . .. . . 1
u. a n(,ui oiigic uau k intersects Jlaw- I
ams une, leading from Chnch. Here is another re
cognition of this tine as the Northern boundary of .the
Indian lands, and. eonnifntlv tha i;. j i
the Holston treaty. f , ; vJ
And the Tellico treaty calls asain. after atritino. I
Hawkins' line, by running near nine mile creek and
along Chilhowee mountain, to run with it to the ton f
i iue jrreai iron mountam. f rom thia nrtint tk. I
treaty line varies from a direct course; and continues
"South-easterly to where the must South-easterly branch!
of Little river crosses the divisional line to Tuiralo
river."' ", - r! i ,, "... :
It is only necessary to' comnam th' -11 j u
v 5 - - "J ir
Jfa uere uesignaieo, with the Southeastern calls o
the HolstorUreatv line, to see. that th rr.ii?w i: :
w - ...vv. in
cludes a large tract of country nbtincladed h th. wi
ston line. The Holston line, after striking the Tuna-
In nvar vrtn. 7Vs.l. A . .1 e.
...v.,.uu.uitin!i W uie vecuna mountain end I
oyer the same alonir the South naiin. tj: u.- I
dary, continuing a Northeasterly, direction until it
strikes the North Carolina boundary ; thence nOrth to
a point which shall intersect a line to be extended from
the river Clinch, that shall ram th Hnu. .u.
nugB, .1 lie l emco une runa Knntka.i- i. I
strikes the divisional line to Tugalo river. The Hol
ston hne calls to run along thia divisional line North
easterly ; so that from thia point these lines diverge
untd the Holston line shalleach the point of connex
ion with the line drawn from the Clinch. These boun
daries from the point of mtereection'on the top of the
o iu uie pomi ot interaecuon on the
South Carohna Indian boundary, include a large tract
lary, include a large tract
with the one designated
vvuiiwj, auu uiuiracL
by Hawkins line. th Tma, at: ,
asee, Nine Mile creek and
it r- . - ..u.vifiiigucuuU I
This recognition of HawWna' i;n. -a .k. vL R
5 J
boundary was in 1798, only eight years after the
a.1
- - 1 A . .. , , . ' - j 6-. jv, Mici we wnm.
dary was established hv h. m i . .
- wwotT ui noision, anu one
year after the line is declared tZ h.' V!l3
... m. i aw uccu iuu anu
marked. The facta m regard to thia line were recenV
and of course fresh in thewvlla-; r .,.
not be mistaken. They say the Hofatnn i;. -a
run a marked until the latter part of the vear 17972
V , , " Pnsnaaej tne Indian lands up
to Hawkins' hne. It Is true, this line is not in term
Joundary established by the Holston
h.-thV l J Z rCT TT1" " " cognizea to
wwva anu mmw uib iiaciacx taMmv t-m .a. - - .
. WUUU4U T
.1 .
tnose lands
beVond the
tbe great Iron
.t..rni ir . wmiuwj uciure me
treatyofaelhco. v-m - -' -
iinteVTbtri h,W 'asto' HawkW
nnuer toe recognitiona of that' Hne. inAr. t; 11'
' uur xiuiHon nver at its mouth nrl
continue on in the am ....r
the North Carolinaloundary"""
lJld not only disregard th eoleum actsiid
nd
a
fche running Ifori from the'ttortb Carol::: WuiulJj fc'.C 0 MI UNJ jd A-TIO N S.
1 'ry to' a n6int that shall intersect i. line, drawn from the I .V.Vi-v. '.-."U. lJULI .. .; .!
m I . LXf11Tlr Jvl TA Via mamfninl 1 r. .1 . :
I" .r ww umiiiKiimj i , r . . ...--
u l v ; luum w UliUlT, HU lira mu. n
vncui
is never con
Makes; the Southern boundary f North Carolina,
toeieema to havebeen run by Gen. Pickena. North
Lestto the Statejoad leadmgfirom Aahvdle to Clay.
I either by
line established by the .Holston treaty. It was
.7. 1 7 i J ..
i ftwi : nue. so iar as u euesis Liie Dounaary oi ue nou
is the boundary of the Hoi-
a . i- , jf : - .. w r , -r a:
I as-Ay fMafw aayl I, sfi I-. 1 -.a?
wwaj auu at, a twt viCBtA UIC UUlKUHgV Ul
ErearVa mac irom ine irinr.n. r.mnnr f h Haiotnn
"jer aiine naffe to tne nomt at which this line i
Intersect a line run North from tfiA Snnthem Knnnda.
rjfeof North Carolina, a straight line waa intended. j
va mis no aouuian exist ; and it is only necessary to
extend Hawkins line from th ton nf th rrM rmn
j iuhtain Eastward to the point where it shall inter.
une runuOrtn trom : the nlaM ahATR thn Sflnth
Wjt.r: j. , 7 r
I Voima Indian boundary strikes the Southern bonn-
1 iVuum . i. : j i
nvw uic cnwcuce ueior
uyfthe Holston treaty;
fit is argued that it waa ao
J inm ine eviaence betore us, constitutes the boun-
:t.
not "in thA rvrarpv tha TTnL
Jk, nd the Cherokee Nation, by the Treaty of
s ' suiu u isr a j if rttn nn iat anon iu n a - in a i at . a
jVBaeom 1798, to vary, m any degree, the treaty lme
W S010" 80 M w attect private nghts or the rights
J Nor Carolina. J; , J r h lM
f n. - . . . ' .. ii." ... ' . 1 :-
un-iBwerw mis w, mat tne Tellico treaty does
It nnrtuirt .U I 3 .1. . rt . .
it purport to alter the boundary of the Holston trea-
iut oy we acts oi tne parues ttus boundary isre
fognwed.' - Not that a new boundary was substituted,
Bt that the old one was substantially designated.
jwiU any one. deny that the parties to the treaty are
f mnetent to determine anv rtiannta nunwtlnK iia i;m
. . w"at mode can a controversy of this nature be'
hi satisfactorflv determined aa hv th mntrrtirnT
THl V their language in the treaty be wholly indefi
nite, or the natural objects called for are uncertain or
Contradictory, there is no power but that which form-
t ... wi icuieujr sucu uexecis. Ana it is a
4und principle of National Iw, and applies to the
tj making power of this Government, whether ex-r
rmseu wiui a loreign nation or an Indian tribe, that
I $k questions of disouted houndanAa ma K aottlaVl h
i to ue i. reacy. Ana to uie exercise ot them
I JcBsl functions by the Government within ita onnatUn.
- ' J . . W
Powers, neither the rights of a State nor those
w an mdividud can be mteiposed.
J hu' it 'was mjthe due exercise of the powers
Executive and Uie Cherokee nation, in conclu-
dina the treaty of TpJlii tn Ttmumiu in i. k
the boundary of the Holston treaty. It is agreed
1 .K 1 .r IT i , i .-a . . . . . .
x awaons une snau oe extended, as tne Holston
treaty line, the land in controversy lies within th Tn
etuarJ-'
-AnJ we 8X8 now to consider whether, in this view,
wfEnuy and Patent are void,
The Indian title beinsr only a rio-ht of nwnnnwr
the State of North Carolina had th nawm tn arrant th
1 fe in the lands Subject to this ritrht. The land waa
I en-ered m 1795; and patented 20th Jury 1796.
I-.. .11.. .1. e.L .1. . ..
I - fT? 6ti "ection; of the act of North Carolina,
I lt Opening; 4he Land Office for the redemntion of
.. vuw whiiwiict. Hiuuucuimni me ar- i
reyra due to the army, passed in 1783. it is nrofided' -
1 UfU thai Chcmkaa Indiana ahalt .n!n. .11 k. I.t
I ?.. ' 1 wjwj 111 I IVI. ,
?ithm certain bounds forever. And the 6th Sec
provides that no person shall enter and survey sny
J?8 106 boaQd t "part for the said Cherokee
Il.?1n n6' the penalty of fifty pounds specie for
'I7 uth ade,t6 be recovered in any Court
this State, Ac; and all. such entries and
thereupon, if any ahotilL.be made shall be at.
Mf '- i
784 North Carolina Laws 482, ch. U, the
, -- - -.1. ,
htCQWi men"e "-uthonauig the appointment
i Surveyors, vrx, one to aurvey those lands
4 ihree Survevora. nn t
a " v-y auvvQ sanus
t jfctlie between the bounds hereafter described for the
- a ub ass ai laiii rnsi nnn v-a l av si nnnm v ,a i a 47 a.i
c arveyor of Ureen county and Cumberland mountain;
4 e to aurvey the landa that tie between the Cumber
I pS mojmtain and the river Tennessee, and one to
i irvey the landa that tie between the Tennessee and
Mississippi rivers.'' ''!.
v i The boundaries here described cover the land reserv-
a I l.. L.a a a MA a. a. .
Zt Ior tne nerokee Indians ; but
5f'e M no exPress repeal of the 6th and bth Sections
that Act ; and aa the Act of 17Ran nrharata nnnn
.. . . r wt "
ClniU Bnt lewnal tn ik. .1 .
. . . 'c muvus, uiev cannot
Held to nave ben rprun., Kv .mni,
oapreme Court of North Carolina have decided in ae-
r vsrai cases,.that the above sections remained in force :
MJ aL ' A. al -'a- - 9
"wt t entriea and grants made for landa within
1 tritory described. - before the Indian title waa ex.
agulahed were vod.5 1 Murphy 162, 164; Con
teP . 2 N. Carolina Law Repository 451 ; 3
ol
CAvUUUUiu UI UIC
I, . y w va aa aauu aiaviug W1UUUC1
ea and decided the controverted nnint. it will not ha
MMHueui laian ajirT'iiia. aiirr nnn rtatnnv jwtnatiA.
Xwr7 ; 10 H"ie' the exceptions in derail.
ja-..a. a. al T . a . a 'aa. .
. -"6" mm uie oouui varouna
" han boundary, called for in the tmatv nf nnnoor.n
?L ? ? 019 28th Novenber, 1786, until it should
f5'? tennination Une described in that trea-
J j'TOf frm 4116 Jfforth Carolina boundary ; to the
Stujh Carolina Indian boundary t and on iM,h;ni
auuuiu
I then run with ihe same , reversed to
Jina boundary ;'' which instruction was
th North Carolina
nciivea. -. ;
oroe doubt arisea from the structure of this instruc
fii, Whether the reversed tine referred to is the Hope-
, .Pou varouna Indian boun-
rom the Maps the latter tine strikes the Southern
TwTw ' Vyrouna Irm the languase
VISf. this .tact seems to have been
. uoieoe th
the parties. The eaUu toj
-. l. , " - , r . ; au UU II W
min the HZnZrJ'uA . . - i . :
Hopewell treaty Hi
Nor& Carolina
iT , , .. T' iar jivurtnern,
rtrom-whicn th lm imi. o '
wluV..
1 1 ' v-v r r w,4iw owuiaarounainojan l
Ma;
u. .u. o . r -s , uiuw uave reierreu i
KJSSK boundary of North Carolina, and if the
t todianlxmndarv strikes thia '..i. . I
fe?r But, if the instruction R&.ri'n,L.u. I
iAav msuucuon could
i r- . . ..
i.unaer.tne cmimMiwa..nrA. .
Nhe instruciinir"!
4 ado we uunk there waa .iJ'i.!-.-':
- , ,
t - -v. ... yuu uunnea, " . a i
-til 1 I I
f ; Gkn. Harrkoii has volunteered a solemn
" - "V conaenti U elected. to eerr
Pledge will be respect,
t " . T ptuajugiu to ?o far n rpnm
Puienain i.M .. . " s ,n Tcom
cou"
tfe CARck expect ok
4vr 4-i,-T --acT ..onb Ojjbv aoe.
pennon of a Mrsa Barrit; who had wins at
ie age of sixty r . . "S1
ti" - - " ' , -
.v.
ot jta ii8isTH
fwti'ca 01 : tiaa,' tst'uktvirt, coibwTKtKS;tt
: 1 , - . .
f ail .JJAIICIi UOI.V WULU ,UI)UU ,ima VUU1I'
I try, the odiutis ana laalhorn6.ub-l reaaurv,
- f . -.ii..
a liard mnn v HcriAtim f Trirrtn? it Aia.
76 .oiut,,! Zfdi&te 'iHfK 1"timti&tt
nhmJA A iMJt"'.l
tjf stroy all confidenceTjel Weeo raart niwl msta:
. m n- rj-.fc.- -
.,vw v-ufcmmcui me cuiiuuence mime
man in another. In a wnnl. their nhitlrfm
redure the price of every thing, save lheeals
ry of the Office-holders, who boldly cry ouU
'Perish Credit, ' perish Commerce;" ;AH
who trade on borrowed capital ought to break,
I &c." Look at this, arid look at the Tweniv-
I five Thousand Dollars a year! that the Presi-
i dnnf fAt , ....... iirj r OIT
, EU IUI 1119 DKIIIbCajlU UUKV anu WlM
tlb . tt.An Ut,:. Ti.ir.- A.i.-
fiir 1h
rateWor whicl t!iey watii you to labor, FeT-
. a. .S . ' a a .
low tiuzens oi worin Uaro.ina. rJ he fol
lowing Tabe will show the rates'of labor in
s n a aar am wtmmv AAnni aa a a a . a. a r i.
naru money countries, j it is correct, being
prendfed bv the British SecretarV-W Stat
t'u for yourselves f ' J f
yourselves I M (
: ...
Country &A Description!
I ... 7 . I - . . 1
Yearlyi Daily
With'ori
, With or
district.
oi iaoorersJwages.1 wages
without
without
board. Jdwell'g;
France
Calais
$ $lcts cts
Ploughmen
5 toS
IShepherds
s -
13
with , with
Laborers
15
Boulogne
Havre.
Brest - ,
Nantes
Charante
Bordeaux
Bayonne
Marseilles
Ploughmen
do withdut
Laborers
10
wiUiont
do
Farm sVts
generally
do.
8tolS
'wi
mi
2 to 61
do!
ILaborers
17
hyithout without
.Farm s'v'ts
3tnfJ
I generally
Laborers
i do.
Shepherds
Laborers
j do.
with with
24a30
without without
I8al2l
do
do
10tol2i
with
.with
9al4
do 1 do
Corsica
122
without without
Germany-
Danticz Farm s v'tsl
3 to 4
witt
with
irjaoorera
9al4
without
, 'do
do
do
do
do
MecklenbVFarm sVts
witbr
lLaborera 'i
14
without
Holstein
Farm sVta 4 to 5
with
Laborers
U
(without
Netherl'ds
I
8. Holland Farm s'v'ta
10tol2
with
do
: Laborers
. " i'
12a32
without without
W. Fland's Farm sVbJ
with' with,
1 v s-l :-,;?-
Trieste
Laborers
24
without wihotit
, . do.
do.
do;
do.
12
with. Mith
Istria
16a20
without without
SalO
8al6
wiih with'
do j Mdo5-
do T Ido 1
; do i: without
1 t!mbardT
I venoa
Farm aVtiJ
4to
Laborers
10al6
do.
without do .
Tuscany
Farm aVtd
with with
Laborers
12
without without
These are the rates, ta- which the Vai B-
ren party wisrt to bring the free labor of this
a : W-k t f. a
country
Read, ponder! and examine this
1 able
c? u . . .. . . i
i -i5f wo wuai a com mentary tms; is on
J the hani money system ! Well iniirht a dis-
tinnTU.A fi.',l. f '"f "
-6 wuhii '- , nm nope is nere
I".. 1 " . , . . .la . - - -
man, porn uie son oi poort jarents to
better his condition ta What ntr nt .hk aiafa' , aS
there to siimalate hini tof exertion None,
none! -He who is there born a peasant, dies
a peasant those born td jthe plough,: die at
the plough-tail; and all that the longest lire of
I . J 1 . " 7 "9 w, gcsi i
,aDmou? ca procarej, for them, IS d
I and scant? subsistence! t 'Phi ntr rm, at .
coarse
l w uu, an ,
I n A 1 I 4 ' . .
r ihsiai
puic id luaue nappy, pecauae their s i are
hard money yntries? Ii this the prosperity
boasted of, when we are triumphant lold of
the immense amount of Gold and Sil ver held
by their great capitalisu? j ; Is this an example
worthy of iuiitation T Think you, .ir, that
the high blood oAAmenciin freemen will sub
mit to thistiNefer.a-4'a'- ': -r 1
Will the Freemen of North Carolina snb
mit to tis! , Will they quieUy sit at home,1
and say u?0V believe ft." .Then lmh t
uJ u - """.' wnp wouia not believe
uiviuua ( anu are a - r ononn.!. it
hln.J.II J I " .
know their
Uiem."
. " w ' , aCL iiULiI A Lrr s. - a -Bal .... mas ri rm -
rights, but dare not maintain
? COMMON SESfV
A. VQIC 3PROM lOHNiSTONlC J
r-7 P'Hted 1 well-attended 'meetmi
of Whigs was held at Smhhfield, on the'Uth
uarcn ai wnich KanornSandersi Esq:
offiaated as Chairman, aid U.t.YT Husted,J
Esq; a Secretary. -Oa taking the Chairi Mr.
Sanders made an Address replete with sound
ePM0,,can doctrine, and! with ari iridepen
uence ana learlessnes, of winch the . friends
?aa "PPorters ot that gentleman may beiusti
JT proud, UoI. McLeod followed iri his usual
nappj, ve,n;of indignant and effecti
effective irony,
i L ! - .. .7 - ..",
which would have erated h.rsh v on tf.A ,!!;.
-a . -w . v ueii-
te nerves of the meek tSisciples of the little
nntaitm.n t,.l . . ' . ;,."c
- 1 ne touowing ceut emen were jnnn;rTi.
"--we.re
,,.rA.M.K. . . - wiav naa
: wiw napiiv land, and thai Ha. .
ti 1 1 1 wirslvaed hA - "LJ."
oi a proud and flouXlun?1 , ,Cb
toiicatrd with aoecesa, and
pride ' doTir f.
wLTKr.WW rulerin
pride d
. . " I
.;- . . ' I -w; ' -5.f: .'3.'
MttOive. flutt Chlt1r..,rr.,1..-.l, .. !
no msk. m-,i.-- :ir?-" policy co.
1 1 j"? - u .our present ru ers ha .
must nnra.n,.at. .1 1 ' - ""ae,J anu
c,"ini our support, ss t&eVha.. r 1 T- "7
JOefP'iNi haalb kfwe
,nw80ga4hdetermuiaii0n
4ernineiitioiakecaren! - l:..r TT..r V
ui.4N Bacif dorimr ibe'atorni;
ate ta the bih-latW,n of Prewar.! '.3 pS? m J.
selves U,f fromiha prtim warfare whi-t f ,he
so Wtniesl sgeaiWths last fcw vcar. f"
xcoobetf. Tbat for such rb.tim ii...
; wm. and .for hi. lofty Patriotism, his
my, .nd his Triniant aervice. . k sUle, . 'n,e8
! man. we w II iritB ahr ...L, ... 1 '"d Nu
'Roi,-Th.t w admire the Ro2fi 1
.h.
K.7 promises to tbe South t,f the "Nonhl
T i"'" T'. cannot forset ih 7?
tenor,of his hfeT and every -deliberate v2 L
him ein dirsct oppoitior, toSou.hernt.e8!?'
Southern institunona H ,.. t:... . eresl'nJ
2
and then airain he it f , u, promj
-Thai the habit, of ooedience and In, .
nj.ncu wjr me greai woot grower of Ki,. i
may do for the SSeep that wtaiifiLK I tf "
never be transferred to Freemen. , We 2Z
such exaction from Americs iiti- .
, , Resolve, 1 hat we view with loathing ad '
the petty despotism ao shamelessly xJnb
Pre. dental the ' United Sutesri his Zl'
abridge freedom of thoughvand of leech, the f
nghl of every American. . ""
iipfoeoV sThat if otbera will tamely submit
degrading an estim.te of the righu of f.ee.nen
out n-proach or mnrmcr. toe win not. . m." ,
mire their m. ek and bumble epirit, but we cenLt
will not imitate it.' -'U v -
Resolved. That whatever nliipf inn- .
lous managers at Washington ,City nay hae ITi
nd the Court will pronounce him a "good and f3
fill servant" ; v ' - '' j l"
' Ruohtd, That in the election of John M. Mo.
head to the Chief Magistracy of North Carolina,
ahall secure a continuation ol the influence of thata
.uiu, UBa uiiurrio prwiecied this ftiW
old Sute from the disaters"uf unmitigated oeo tl
ism.: - '') .v--i u-- - r:- r.-,.
Resolved, That if Ro t nlus Mi Sannders has a
yet learnt the difference tetween catehin mL.. .. ,
being caught himself between puking a man ol gtr.
uuer me n.tn no. ana grappling a Tartar, he canna
ee as rii as tne oiinu mau wnoin ne once challencd
to mortal ctmtau 'yi'' 'b4lt'.r
iv a a. . a a ' - . a ., a .
' , is confidently Seliefed jtliat brighter days
are in store for 'old Johnston It is certain
that ni anv are withdrawing their m'mnnpi r.-
aq' Adminisiratibn, that ha "promised tliem
sF Biuuc, v ucuei is spread
inr amon? the'ranks.-that the eondi
w h , . . - w,a
country tannot be rendered worse and mfl
be Improved by change m the officers of
Governments The merits' of Gen. I?,r,;u.
areboldly canvassed, tand his splendid seivi.
ces and acquirements are freelv contrasted
with the narrow, cmld. 'and calculating r;a.
or the; present incumbehtliTiiere are in this
county many sterlino; Whigs-men of influ.
ence'ahd energy, who are determined, by the
blessing of GoaVta. redeem some from tlieir
oomiage to Uie iiulch, whose nnsaspectine
honesty his made them a prey to the spoilers'.
The nomination of Harrison arid Tyler has
actedtRke a pharrt;-The Whigs are now on
a foil tide-evidentljr on tlie. ascendant ther
are rlnaheiT withVliAniIn.:.i.a. i. . .l '
, -"-.r ' ""rs u"8,l,Ci i"pe inaa
has beamed up9 them for years. They roay
I . -t -)"-; - a no i7 uiiisunes may
overpower them mffainbutlf thev fall in th.'.
straggle, m their last jagoni they will mab
the ears of the loco focos tingle' with the war
cry of f Do wn : with the DuieK ! f Unrr, fn.
- . . .- - ; -r- ... ... iwt
oiti i ippecanoe I .! S-J H
.if j-.
- After short notice, about six hundred of
the Freemen of Granville Couriiy assembled
in the Court House in Oxford, on Tuesday
the 3d instant, to express their approbation
of the nomination of William H. Harrism
for the Presidency, and John Tiler for the
Vice-Presidency, v The, meeiinpr was organ
lzedby the appointment of Dr'.Jas. Worth
am, as Chairman, and Howry t n p.r.an
ik '
-. Un motion., the fnllnwin fT front loin an morm
appointed, to draft Resolutions expressive of
the i sense of the meeting, ivij : Dr. Jamei
UusselfcWiUian Flemming Turner Law
rence, Col. Horace L. Robards and Hartwell
Hargrove, who, after retiring for a short lime,
reported through H. L. Robards, Esq!, tha
fw!,ow.in Preamble andsRes6luiions :
Whereas, we have mtmmuLf ut. 2uJ k
glaring encroachmente which, 4uriny few years pas,
have been made by the Executive on the other depart
menta of the General Government iu contempt for
the oft repeated , decision of the People on a question
of great national policy, which, if adopted, will incvi
table destroy the whole Credit system of tbe Country,
reduce the poor man's wage, depress' the value of
Drooertv. tjIaar th nnfnrf.m.i. ja..'. .i ;iva
oisposiuon of- his relentless creditor, by enabling him J
1 .7 t -r.v tuoMe-woeii a system e
: . i ! "- i-3e wore ; no premium
wmtu poiicj wiu piace ax tne uispoaal of .the Presi
dent, the wholerevenue of the Nation.; thereby increu
ina his : Datronase. and enahlinr hfn. ma. t.-....m.
to corrupt the Press, Influence Elections, and perpeto-,"
power may be. ! And, whereaa, we have seen with
tomshment, the exuvaffantfexpenditun'of the peo
j)te moneyin many instances, for base and profli
pue purpoaea-the dishonest and nnjuat exertions to
exnfiauhe property of the old, States to gain the -up-portof
the new 8tates-to surrender Inio the hand of
toe Western Splatora the landa fori which our Is
tbera fought and bled, and which: was placed in the
P)en of flu. General Government, as a Tnutte
for the benefit of oil the Statesif and, whereas, w.
nave witnessed with imligiiation tne ejection from ths
liftliait nf I?anMaaHi.i!. m . . ...
r o - -UTO W we ueiegation oi a sow
reign State, equally entitled to. V voice in that bod
withe dther Statesand as welielieve the prosper
try and honor of bur beloved country depend on th
question, Shilithkrx.s A cHAxeaor oca Rvmti
And we are firmly convinced that there htbt be u
a change, or there will be nothing left of oar glonoM
Constitution worUi preserving. Thieore,
Ketoloe&y That we give our cordial sanction, to tha
nomination of Gen. Wiuuk ll. Qkk aisoa ior b'
Presidency, and Josh Triin ibr the Vice-Presidency,
and that we will use every honorable and proper cic
i jteiolved, That the honesty and ghffitexlubiteu H .
Cen. Hl.B.Biaflir 'in vorv nnKlU mtmtlm In which ht
uaa beennbced liia itAVAnn- mA .in .aal for U
horior and welfare of bis country, both in the cabu
and the field, entitle him to the confidence and-regard
tne whole American people.' f : i
1 RfJtnhvii That V.a II.-.' .W:ah Ka maile 08
v . -.w,- a au, (WUUIt nun w
' the Missouri Question, when , but; two of the Rep1
aentativea from the, free Stales, bees. bjroself,
Ulll llfl nm a r. tAMa0 anAn.
nough to defend the ngnti
. . - . . ' ... aT.rfh '
Eeeohed, That the votea .of MaaTiir Vis Bci
to instruct Rcrcs Kcarto resist the ahnission of M
souri,' without the Slavery Tleetrictiorjs, and to probM
it the fntrodoctlon of Slaves Into Florida, should cod
demn lum in the estimation of every duzen of aSla ,
i I?H,Int Tk a kiKani lli.l l.aa Trl ll
HI
jirr, anu mat Jie ja.tlie man of.oBr rh. ;' """'(
T wri-rewdeneyj and that .- t" .7 . ? w II.
apreadur banner Vihe brexei J
ISredLTbat we hav n p,e roW.
I Job- M. MoEiat4D aw honest, and well quaufied for
ii4
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