j.i .1 in v-
7
1" "V '
If-'.'
v..
'ill::
fa-'
I -
f .GENERAL HARRISON IN CONGRS3
Pamphlet with e bor- uue, jigreetbiy to promt.
i n. Harrwos, thouglYnt old enough to
il Jwtn a sag- of he ; Revolution, be w te
L'b or adistmguied sage of the Revolution.
1- .1. imdstl 01 WHICH lie o im ........ ... r.-.
f V..f his-mind was trained
rnursr wi .- .
'! .. - i:
1 0
Revolution, and bis h.gh apprvciM,,
e . . . iUV memory of its
gra'ituue u . . i utnuiCSk ,ead or fiv- iier during the Revolutionary war, and now
W of those who were .'... r- .j
WK second placevGe. Harmon, , vpttv
a taste uhich m. y be saiil to have been na i ve
10 it r which V first breathed, ripened; by
Ks joytig admiration ru,!rtue; wf
? eiV- men of the Revolution, has
11 , rfiiiiiid v. ; i He is familiar
with the annals of the ancient Republics, and
t heVr study and reWinisvencc- he retains
much of the early attach'nientof a classic jstu
dent. With the Anglo Saxon history he is
not lss intimately acquainted nor tessac
cQstomed at need tit draw upon Us resources;
; The dominant' influence of these two cir
eomances in Gen. HarrisoiiV early life is
visUl vim pressed on, his speeches, hi writjiiiRs
and hitactions. Through the history of his
own times he may ue traced uy ius re
Commi tee-reported abill-to protide, ain
atmWt i. thetVrn,ofGe.V "YSnffi
nal proposition. fr the rel.etUuch officer
and Voliiers (and sailor.) who have fatlldu ly
nerred. &c ami are now in reuueeu cir
.nmstfltlfreS tO life.?, .-r- ..I
in the uiatttsion ,of thv bU uen.f li loK
in active partadvocatine.; however, a Just
tUscrimination between actual services and;
the' merely being mustered in the army with
out any length of time. Sustaining thi dis
crimination, he opposed an amendment pro
the I posing to allow the proposed pension to
authors, I erv officer or.soldier woo served in any man-
IF
and
tUl-VlVlllr." ll iminnr II il ItilliiWS i
The imcndment now proposed, h Mid, went
too far, ticcauM it would embrace every one who hJ
Khoulderrd muwket, even for an hour, during th
Revolutionary war; . A a to those who bad seen aeri
ou Service, ao far from having a claim to the meed of
liberality, the amendment would be but a measure of
justice, as no bounty bad been accorded to thrm. Per-'
sons; However, toverea wun acars uw mnu mwii j
length of service in ihose days, ought not t be con
founded with those who d been called ou for an
hour or a day.' v Some tf ths wimtia,' he thought,
were a well entitled to thi pension at any regulars,
of wjiom the Jersey mihua might -1 yamcuUrlY
mcniioned. But he wished to have the operation of
the bill limited to such as should "have served six
months or ia " '-fv Tl'f ! "H::
' litis bill passed the House of Representa
tives before Christmas day, ; showing a mar
vflliu. des natchi nf business in the House of
evidences of devotion to the(cause of liberty Representatives, in comparison with the usjige
hi ail miration of hih achievement, his ardent lhe ; 8an,e body at the present day, and.
what is still more remarkable, the yeas and
tiays'were. not even called up;n its passage
Such was the good ,, feeling then prevailing
among the members of the House, jthat the
majority . would not expose to invidious impu
tation,1 by requirina'a recmtllof their names,
those whose: objections to the details of the
bill might have induced them to vote against
U.---
The bill 'which, passed the House so prompt
ly, did not so readily, obtain the assent of the
Senate ; but it finally passed that body to
wards the end of February lollowmz, yeas
nitriotism. and his treat esteem for thai vir
tu In others. l"fi"--"-t Im:,..- : ':
The following seriumcntfof ihereaj En- l
glish moralist, on the occasion of his visit to
the classic ground of the, Hebrides", may be
saiit to be almost the ruling passion olt, ;the
Soldier. of .l.ippecauoe : -p. jM--'r-ht,;r,k;-,
Far frou mt and ary friends h such frigid pluloso.
phy as may condulct us Indlfifefeot and unmoved over
any ground which has been dignified by -wisdom, bra
very, or virtue. That man is little to be enviedjwhose
patriotism .would not gain force upon the plain of Mar
athon, or whose piety would not grow warmer
the ruins of Iona." ; ; , v
kmong
Gen: HarrisMMk his seat as a member 23,;nays 8.) and now stalls on the statute
nfthe House of Renresentatives oh theionen
ing of the Second Session J of the Fourteenth
Congress, (December 2,1816.) On tie Sd,
the Annual Message of the President Was re
ceived ; on the 4th of the month the Presi
dent's message was dissected,' and on the 5th
I the Committees upon its various subjects were
announced, of one of which (on the subject
of the Militia) Uen. Harnson was apppiutetl
Chairman. t ', "
On the next dav. being the first
the organization of the House. Ge
son moved the following resolution, in (which
the reader will perceive the germ ot the pro
sppptuieu
day aft st
ilt. Harri-
bikik as the act of March 15, 1818, entitled
sAn act to provide for certain persons.' en
jpiged in the land and naval service of the
United States in the" Revolutionary waii",
A few davs after the transmission of Ithts
bill to the Senate, Gen. Harrison submitted
the following resolution : '
; " Besohed, That a committee be appointed jointly
with such committee an may be appointed on the: part
uf the 8eiiale, to consider and report what measures
it may be proper to adopt to manifest the public re
spect for the memory of General Tbaddeus Koscius
ko, formerly an officer in the service of the United
States, and the uniform and distinguished friend of
Liberty and the Rights of man." 1
vision afterwards made for ''the surviving of7 j - In this proposition the ruling passion of
the mover, ius eiunumasnc aumujiiiuu mc
principles of the Revolution, and his Xeal in
behall of liberty in general, and ol the rights
of man, are plainly developed. j
But it is to the following speech delivered
on that occasion, ' extracted from the file of
the National Intelligencer, that we bespeak
the particular attentiou of our readers :
ficers and soldiers of the Revolutionary war:
" Resolved That the Military Committee be instruct
d to report a bill providing by law for the relief of such
of the officers and soldiers who, having faithfully served
in the armies of the United States, are now inidistress-
Harri-
On presenting the above resolution, Gen. Harrison
addressed the House as follows :
d rircomstances, and who. not having received wounds
or disabilities whilst in actual service, are excluded from
the benefits of the pension laws." . .
On presenting this resolution, Gen
' ton said t "It had been his intention to offer
with this resolution .some observations unn
the matter to the House: but, nnderstandiiig
tTvat this course Was not tonsidered wholly
proper on originajing a motion, he should re
' serve his remarks 'Tor another 'stage of jthe bu
siness. , lie did so with; the less reluctance,
since any remarks he should have made would
have been With a) view' to enlist the eelings
of the House, and he felt, on reflection, con
vinced that such remarks must be wholly un
necessary-on this occasion, and that the
HEART Or .EVKBY AmERIOAN WOULD BEAT IK
UNISON. WITH THE OBJECT HE HA IM VIEW.
He had made the resolution as broad a$ vos
iible, that it misrht ufibvd to the committee a
choice of the various imides of acconiplishing;
theobiect proposed to be commit tetl to them.
The restdution thos Tnovetl, hayios- beerf
modified on theiangsestion-of trfTesrenenceu
memoeroijtrtc tirvisc, so as to iye accor
-utnz to u iitw"'-- i
mii?,e"-- -"-"""ary with the ; com
"' .0r'tit lerHirt by bill or otherwiie, was
-; tarred to without opposition ..'v-'jll;
Thcu3 nothing tlcfinitive ia reference to
' ' ' : u 1 ject ilonelat this Session of Cfon-
4t v"e twofHouseS having thvtr hands
-full of other busiuewslof more immediate ur-
. gency,) t is plainly evident that it jwas this
Jirtiposition which led the way to the provis
os for the survivor of the Revolutionary
.war; ai measure which circles the fame of
! 2'; this Republic with a glory the ancient Repub
lics could not boast pi, by exhibiting to the
-world the most beautiful example du record
"01 A NATION 8 ORATITUDE. j
It was not until the followinssessinin of Con
gress that the first act jbn the subject was passed.
y - At the opening of that! Session, Mrj Monroe,
v who kls had i veneration fori the orincrnles
and actors of tlw Revolution strongly iinnress-
ru uptm ins tuamtici uoi uie less sirou"iy
,from his having been; Idmself personally asso
delated withjits trials and perils introduced
' the subject to Congress in "'the following p.
propriate andouching terms, following very
'nearly,' the reader wdl perceive, the language
ot Uen. Harrison's proposition at taie prece
dins Session of Congress : j
-in coniempiaanz uw nappy siiuauon pi me uni
ted 8utes, oor attention is drawn, with peculiar inter
est, to the surviving officers and soldiers of our Revo.
Llntionary army, ! who so eminently ' contributed, 'by
their services, to lay its foundation: Most of those ve
ry meritorious citizens have paid the debt of Nature,
and gone to repose. It is believed that,! among the
an
event
I raninn, of hi vtrtrr i nd thai be wo'-' 1 '"""O .
and distinguished family mtry wbe the A. nft;n. J' tsoew up-
nctions in socWlyT wbap earrwd to greater I , - , . -fyt, v. 1 ' ( T ,1 -
ii in any other, : His Uieator nsd, now-1 FUeneral. com once inor- -L
"The bublie papers have announced
which is well calculated tg excite the sympatSiy of
evrry Ameiican boom.' Kosciusko, the mattjr of
Libeity, is bo morel We are intormrd inm ue uteu
at Suleure, io France, some time in October last.
In tracing the events of ibis great man s loo, we
find in him that conoistenry of conduct which is the
more to be admired as it is so rarely to be met with.
He was not at one time the friend of mankind, and
at another the instrument of their oppression t but he
preserved throughout his whole earrer those noble
prinriples which distinguish bim in its commence,
ment which influenced him, at an early period of
his life, to leave his country and his trirnds, and in
another hemisphere to fight for the righu of humanity.
- "Kosciuiko was born and educated In found, oi a
noble
disti
lenethirtnV
A-W- ..,Ib.I dim arSlh m annl aiisht nfriainv
wmious education had imposed wi
n mind.-f- 4
"When very young, m was informed by the voice of
Foe lhat the sUndard of liberty bad ben erected in
Americathat an insulted and oppressed people had
determined to be free, or perish in the attempt. His
ardent and generous mind caught, with enlhusinsm,
the holy (lame, and from that moment he became the
devoted soldier of liberty. I
M His rank in the American army afforded him no
opportunity greatly , to diutinguinb himself. But he
was remarked throughout his service for all the quail-
ties which adorn the human character. Hw heroic
valor in the field could only be equalled by his mod
eration and affability in the walks of private life. He
wss idolized by the soloiers for his bravery, and be
loved and respected by lbs officers fur the goodness
of his heart and the great qualities of his mind
Contributing greatly, by bis exertions, to jthe es
tablishment of the independence of America, he
might have remained, and shared the blessings it dis
tensed, under the protection of a chief who loved and
honored bim. and in. the bosom of a grateful and
afTeclionate people. .
M Kosciusko bad, however, other views It is not
known that, until the period I . am speaking of, he
had formed any distinct idea of what could, or indeed
what ought to tie done for his own. But Jn uie Kev
olutionary war he drank deeply of the principles
which produced it In his conversations with the in
nvbfca he had! foreseen, and, for which he hatf been
preparing, at - length-- burst upon PoUnd. ' A ieeble
and unpopular (f overnmenl bent lcfoe its fury, and
subrtitited hself to the Russian yoke of tifc i'nVaderf
But the nation -disdained, to follow its example; in
'their extremity every eye wavtufned'on ihe hero who
had already fought thefr h ties, the sage who had en
lightened tbem. end the patriot who hsJ set the ex
ample of personal sacrifices te accomplish the emau
cipalton 'ofihe peopbj: -144
Kosciusko was onanimoKidy appointed general
iuima of Pol-ml. with : unlimited oowers. until the
enemy should .be driven from the country. On his
virtue the nation rejioed with die uim.st confidence;
and it is some consolation to reflect, amidst the gene
ral depravity of mankind, that two instances, in the
name age. have occurred, wher powers;, of thie kind
we're employed solely for the purposes for whfch they
were ' at ven,S' . ' f ? ' ' A tyy-M.
It is not my intention, ir, to follow the Polish
Chief throughout the career of victory, which. for a
coHHiderahle time, crowned his efitnts. Guided by bis
talents, and ted by bis ' valor, bis undisciplined.1 ilU
armed militia charged with effect the veteran Russian
and Prussian ; the mulled cuirassiers of the great
Frederick, for the 'first time, broke and fled before the
lighter and more appropriate cavalry of Poland- Hope
filled the breasts Of the patriots- After a long night,
the dawn of an apparently glorious day jbmke upon
Poland. . But to the discerning eye f Kosciunko, the
light which it shedas of that sickly and porientoua
apearance, indicating a storm more dreadful than
that which he lhad resisied. ? - j j
; He prepared to meet it with firmness, but with
means entirely inadequate To - the advantages of
numbers, ot tactics, of discipline, and ethaostible re
sources, the combined desot8 had secured a faction
in the heart of Poland. : And, if that! country can
boast of havins proloced it VVaahington, ills dis
graced also by giving bitlh to a second Arnold. j The
dar at length came which was to decide the fate of a
nation and a hero. . Heaven, for wise purposes, deter
mined that it ah uld be the last of Polish libeity It
was decided, indeed,; before the battle commenced.
The traitor Poniski, who covered with a detachment
the odvMtice of the Polish army, abandoned his j posi
tion to the enemy and retreated. ; ;
. Kosciusko was astonished.- but not dismayed
The disposition of bis army would have done honor
to Hannibal. - The succeeding conflict waa teirihle.
When tlie talents of the General could no l-nger di
rect the mingled mass of. combatant, the arm of the
warrior was brought to the aid of his soldiers. He
periormed prodiuiesof valor The fabled prowesa of
Ajax in defenuing the Grecian ships waa realized by
the Polish hero. Nor was he badly seconded by his
troops . As long as nis voire could guiue, or nis ex
ample fire their valor, they were iiresUtibl. In this
unequal contest Kosciueko waa lung seen, and finally
lost to their view, i . -
Hope for s season bade the world farewell,
And Freedom ahrieked when Kosciusko fell.
He fell, covered with wounds, but still survived.
A Cossack would have pierced his breast, when an
officer interposed. Suffer him to execute his pur
pitse,' said the bleeding hero; I am the demoted
oldier of my country, and will not survive its liber
tie&.n The name of Kosciutko struck to the heart
of the Tartar, like that of Marius upon the Cambrian
warrior The uplifted weapon dropped from his hand.
Kosciusko was conveyed to the dungeons of Fev
tersburgh, and to the eternal disgrace of the Empress
Catharine, she made him; the object of her vengeance,
when he could be no longer the object of feara. Her
more generous son restored him to liberty. The re
mainder of his life has been spent in virtuous retire
ment Whilst in this situation in France, an anec
dote is related of him which strongly j. illustrates the
command which his virtues and his services had ob
tained over thi minds of his countrymen. . y ' -.
"In a late invasion of France, some Polish regi
ments, in the service of Russia, passed through the
village in which he lived. Some pillaging of the in
habitants brought Kosciusko from his cottage. 'When
I was a Polish soldier said he, addressing tne plun
derers, the property of the peaceful citizen waa te-:
spected,' And who art thou,' said an officer, who
addressest us with this tone of authority V I am
Kosciusko.' There was magic in the word. It ran
from corps to corps. The march was suspended.
They gathered round him, and gazed with astonish-'
ment and awe upon the mighty ruin he presented -
Could it indeed be their hero,' whose fame was iden
tified with that of their country 1 A thousand interest
ing reflections burst upon their minds; they remem
bered his patriotism, his devotion to i liberty, bis tri
umphs, and his glorious fidL Their iron hearts were
softened, and the tear of. sensibility trickled down their
weather-beaten faces. We can easily concme sir,
what would be the feelings of hero MmSelf ta such
a scene. Hia gres tieart must have heaved with emo
tion; to find himself once more surrounded by te-r-
IHB SMITHSONIAN LEGACY. .'f V
Thkble Rebort of Mr."Adam. the: Chairrhattof
the flnuttee appomted on this subject, appears ur
twd sut icessive numbers of the National Intelligencer,
of a Jwt ji date. .We. regret that the - document; too
extern je to be copied at ; large' iiito the Jlegtster at
present We publish; with pleasure the following
: From the papers transmiited to Congress
with the message of the President it appears
that James ! Sroithson a foreignier, of noble
family, and ; affluent iortDnei ; didr by "his
last will and? testament, : made ' in the year
182Q bequeatli, under certain contingencies
wldch Jtave since been realized,- and with cer
tain exceptions, for . which provision was
made . bv tlie same . will, the whole, of his
property , of an otmou nt e xceeding four hu n
dred thousand dollars, to the United ' States
of; America tn found at.Washington, under
the ame of thel Smithsonian Institution; an
establishment finrhe lincreM
ibfibwledge emohg meri.
the acceptance iif this bequest, and to
thessumptton and fulfilment of the high and
and by the
lion of the
falthfut and permanent applica
iheana - furnislied by its founder
to tlie nuroosB ftirp whic!iheiliasibestiwed
them, should prove eflfective tt iheir, promo-
tion i tf s they sliouiu t eontnouie eswenuany
to e increasemi, diffuuion of knowledge
amrfeymeh,
iprt? riiuld this" trenerous ahtf aplendid do
nation have beenlevoted ff The jfcther f the
testator, upon lorming nis am-nce wuu mc
heiress 6fP the family of the Z Pefcyaassuni;
edV by an act of ? the British Parliament that
namc and : u nder it became Do $e of Nrth
ontlTerland. But, reno wned as the name
of Percy in the historical annals jf JBngland j
resounding as it does from the eaimmU of the
.Cheviot hills, to the ears of our children, in
the ballad-of Chevy giiase witt ;;tnejCiass,i
cal v roinmenlary of; Addison ; jiefhened and
reniVvHted in our mismory. as ilihas recently
been, from , the purest fountHin; pf .iwlitieal
inspiration, in the loftier i strain of Alnwick
Castle; tuned by a bard ;of otir) own A native,
land : "dotihlv immnrtaUied' aallt is in the
demlilesa dramas rf SliaksreareS cohfident
Ucrainat the World in : arms," as it may have
. - - . i , , m
States, in accepting thetbequest, win ftt, .
nil iiLnntt)- and lilpniliiilw tl. i 'ill
responding io the ctinfidenceicrepipe(l
ion
with alli)h8fidejiiy d
npp'fifeinri " nf Vprtifin'- Mf l.;-.!. ' 81
i v r. . v . " may - j
tiiln affuxtiva araniiliiin ilm .i ..1. 1 J "i'l
imj. vuvi-h. vakyuHiiu WIS- ItUUIt; PUm
an enuun nucua . iwt iiib mcrpuse and tliir
or ; aoowieuge among men.
the- House
I accompanying this report i,
3 of Representauves, suhstituJ !
1 A -r.t..tfk 'r ' iti nt vw..!.?
rv" V " J -oiuion which),
been received from tlie Senate. It a,i. r
ait tlio Pra.iilant nf ibcV 1 Tnli..!: O. . r'Z-
Vw w M. w.,w ...w VUIKU OiiUPt t
"'. " . ' Wan.
an agent or agents to prosecute, in
'. ot Chancery; iii England, the tj
honorable duties involved in the ' performance J .M;4nn9 nCnnilKrni stilibe in
o:..fruat committed with: m; the Congress ; v:r.ueg0f its'- present possessors by
of United States, in tlieir legislative ca- injl-.j. ; let lhe lrnst 0f; James Sniith-
are alone eonipeteTit. . Your commit- f , thi Tlnitid Sutes of America be faith-
w - - . - , v. w aaa ' '
tee believe, not only that they are thus eoin-i faiiv executed by their Representatives feiq
T . - t . - . ,-ai a - - T .
a lead you on tflr laurel'dr victQry,
"Tt To fmV freedom.'
"The delusion could havb lasted but for a moment
He was himself, alas 1 a miserable cripple ; and, for
them ! they were no longer the soldiers of liberty, but
the instruments of ambition and tyranny. Overwhelm
ed with grief at the reflection, be would retire to hu
cottage, to mourn afresh overthe miseries of his country.
" Such was the man, sir, for whose memory I ask
from an American Congress a slight tribute of respect.
Not, sir, to perpetuate his fame, but our gratitude.
His fame will last as long as liberty remain- upon the
earth ; as long as a votary offers incense upon her al
tar, the name of Kosciusko will be invoked. And uy
by the common consent of the world, a temple shall
be erected to those who have rendered most ser vice to
mankind if the statue of our great countryman shall
occupy the place of the Most Worthy,' that of Kos-j
ciusko will be found by bis side, and the wreath 'of
laurel will be entwined with the palm , of virtue to
adorn his brow." j
It does not at all detract from the merit of
this admirable eulosrium on the character uT
the gallant and true-hearted Pole; that Gen.
Harrison did not succeed in his motion. K
appeared, when the matter came to be exam
ined, that the proposed proceetlinr was
nguinst precedent, Congress havins thereto-
lore, in me case or native otneers oi equal
peient, but that it is enjoined upon -them, by
considerations of the most imperious and in-
dispensable obligation; The first step neces
sary r to be: taken for carrying into effect
thfejbenevolent intentions jof the testator,
must he to obtain the possession of the funds
now held by ihe Messrs. Drum mond, hank
ers LQndim execulars of Mr. Smithson'a
will, and subject to the superintendence cus
tody, and. adjudication of the Lord Chancel
lor of' England, r To enable theV President
of lite United States io effect iis objecjt, the
.''cromritttee 'report herewith bilL
But y otir committee think they would im
perfectly discharge their duty to the. House,
to the ir country , to the ' world of mankind;
or to the dontrr of this most munificent be
questl.were they 4to withhold a few brief re
flections, which have occurred to theni in
tlio consideration of the subject referred to
the I House- reflections arising from the con
dition of the lestatorj from the nature of the
bequest, and from lhe character of the trus
tee to whom this great and solemn charge
ha$ been confided.
i Hve testator, James Smithson,' a subject
ofiCreatBriiains, declare himself.in the cap-
4qii to the will, a descendant in blood from
Uir) Percys and the Seymours, twa of the
moit illustrious historical names of the
Bi-Uifih Islands. Nearly two centuries since,
inv:l 660,' the ancestor of his own ' name.
H&h Smithson, immediately 'after" the res-
toiation of the royal family of the btoarts,
tetived from Charles the second, as a re
ward for his eminent services to that house
dinngthe civil wars, the dignity of a bar1
nt tf. England a dignity still held by the
Diikcsof Northumberland;" as -descendants
frirht the same Hugh Smithson. 5 The father
of 'the testator, by his marriage with the La
d Elizabeth Seymour, who .was descended
by; a female line froui the ancient Percys
and by the subsequent" creation' of George
the Third, in 1T76, became tlie first Duke
of Northumberland. His son and successor,
the brother of the testator, was known in the
Jii story of our Revolutionary war, by- the
name of Lord Percy ; was ptesent, as
British omcer, at the sanguinary opening,
scene of pur Revolutionary wa.rr..av-jUexing
tfi, and at the battle of Bunker Hill s iand
vras the hearer to the British Government of
Mespatc!a;rror
m VV!:'ori'f 'Uie evenlf of
lemordhlel day j and the preseaiJDake
i Nnrthumherland, texesutorV nephew.
vf its tne amoassauor extraordinary oi ,xreai
Britain, sent to assist at me coronation oi tne
Irte King of France, Charles the Tenth, a
Ci'vt months onlv before the date of the bequest
tj his relative to the United States of A-
Conffress i let the result accorppHsh his ob
ject, the increase and, diffusion of; knowl
edge am one "meo,V and "a - wreathof more
unfading verduie 'shall entwine itself in the
lanse of future ag-es aronntr the name of
Smithson. than the united hands: of Tradi
tion History, and Poetry have braided around
he name: of Percy, through ,,the long per
spective in ages past of a thousand years.
It is, then, a high and solemn i trust which
he testator has committed! (r the United
States of America, and its execution devol ves
upon their Representatives in! Congress dn
ties of no ordinary importance. . The loca
tion of the institution at - Washington, pre
Court
the United States .to the hequest Jru
oiuiiiKuu, uu iu icwicr ituu pav nvu..i
amount, oi.uie Bauir. uuu inv j rensurv of
U IIILCU.UUILCa. .-.M. ilia U 1 11 lldfl&KII in llm II
-aall.,S. n.a,0l lltft tlftlif
WIUlKMrviiuuaiiivii f wwao uuuoirreU 111 Wl.i
but ainendmeut by the Senate ; and, 0n JI
1st or;juiy,ajo, receiyeu the approbalJ
of the' President of the Uuiteil Stales.
A-After the passage of thts act," Richard RUsh tj
was appomwu geuv w b uugmna and attend
thiffburine-M 1838, the Wni
ou,di!i wu oepwateu ui jukji vy mm in the My
of the United States at -TulaUelphia, being the
ceeds of the legcy. Varbua proposiuons have bee
proposea in uongrew iw uwu-iug ui me large
iK-m.1 kau,,,Aff Hvn nAihin cm liaci IvAan not a i
It was supposed Mat toe subject would have bea
discussed , and settled at the present session ; but J
Congress u not expected to remain much longer
session, it is presumed that there will not he time J
act definitely upon m subject of so much importing!
EDITOR'S CORRESPONDENCE.
- ' -li'v.,-; Cincinnati, Aley j
I see in the speech of Setiator GrcnbiJ
e tSalUinore uonventioni a quasi anpeij J
the Postmaster of Cincinnati , who was thJ
in wuictl lie lusimiaiCw ui a vyouimiliee d
Comiuittees here go to U;e Post Office, J
cetve, and open tlie letters of Cien.'H.u,
scribed by the testator, gives lit Congress the son, and the Postmaster, now in Washnm!
tree exercise oi mii ine powers relating to i m f pursuit; ;oi,va.fre-appoinuiiwiit, rBinaind
-1 I " " . I T 1 . T - r i 1 . . - . . t
tins suoiect wun wnictt mey ;arat, oy mevun-
stttuiion, investtfu' as me iochi jegisiaiuro
for the District of Columbia. ; In adverting
to the character of thetrustees selected by the
testator for the fulfilment of itis intentions,
your committee deem . it, no.-j indulgence ol j who was compelled by his humiliating
unreasonable pride to mark tit as . a signal I tion to receiye the appeal in silence.
manifestation of the moral effect of, our po- J . The abandonment f Col. U. M. JohnsoI
llllirai lliniiuiiii'liw ilini 111c wpiiuioiis, aiiiu u' I 11118 UalUllluic viuiciitiuii, w tuuic will
on the consequent action of the wise and t!;e ( sole benefit of Mr. Vau Buren, will nut tj
gixm ot oiner rrgions,. anu iisiani cumcs ,
even upon that nation trom whom we gen
erally boast of our.desceirt, bpt whom, from
the period of our revolution, we - have had
too often reason to consider as a jealous and.
envious rival. How different! are the sensa
tions which should swell in orr bosoms with
quiet during this appeal; ! '1 he staieiuent,
it be intended lor one, is n)t only taUe, biJ
lias not even a snauow oi. iruui id sunu uimi
w - - m -.- " ! - m . a m
and if not known t be false oy tne prumul
gator 0! tt,'was well known to be so by
forgotten nor forgiven by Jiie political frieuJ
in Ohio, Indiana,, iventiicky, and lllinnw,
The news has created not a tumuliunus,bi
Vet a profound sensation in ; the West, and
marks so clearly - the - calculating and cm
bi(Hded policy of sacrincintt both subalien
and soldiers for the life of the chief, that i
the acceptance of this bequeslil ' Jas. Smith-1 injury and Insult will be avenged.
son, an Englishman, in the exercise of his
rights as a free-bjrn Briton, desirous of ded
icating his ample fortune to the increase and
diffusion of knowledge . among men, const!
tutes for his trustees, . to accomplish t(iat ob-
teci, in e u in tea otaies or: America, anu nxes
upon their seat of Government as tlie spot
where tlie institution, of which he is the
founder, -shall be located.' . J
The;revolution, which"; resulted in the in
dependence of these United States; was com-
menced, conducted, andcnHstlnirnstrd, rn
der a mere unlonorj confe-'
jSqbsen f :riod, a
tiniou wns lormcd, comrr
tlie principle ofI";
.,5
ui e:
it was only necessarv that a nation should he free.
And was it not possihle to procure these blessings lor
Poland ?-pfor Poland, thp country of his birth, which
had a claim to all hi efforts, to all hw serviceii 1 That
unhappy nation groaned under a cmplic-liM of evils
wuicli baa scar, ely a parallel in history. The! mass of
the people were lhe abject slaves of the nobles I ihe no-
i' M.WW.WMM.' .t. r . I . . ... , . Ift.1 , im. - ...5.
'!""!, '?" some nor prpviaea jar oy exist- i oies, torn mm iwcuous, were alternately the insiru-
w, "uU wo reuueja 10 maigmce, ana even I uu Ticmni in iaeir poweriul anu ambitious
to real distress These men have a claim on the trrati. I Deiehbors. II v iritrieue. eonruutinn an.l rtJ-
t . a 1 W-f -fVSSSW
teltigent men of our country, he acquired new views measurtg, when proposed v But ihe Speech
ol tlie science of government and the rights of man. I IS on record
Ue bad seen, too. that, to be free, it wss only neces- I of the merit
sary that a nation should will Uf and, to b happy, Jivine orator miaht wrll be proud
rferica. , . i
?SThe suggestions which present themselves
y the mind, by the association of these hi8"
torical recollections with the condition of the
testator, derive additional interest fitom the
h - -
nature of the bequest the devotion pf a
large estate to an institution "for the increase
anu uiniision oi Kiiowiuuge among men.
t h Ul all the lonndatinns nt establishment for
i ,
pious or charitable uses which ever signaliz
ed the spirit of the age, or the coinprehen-
aive beneficence of the (bunder, none can be
pamed more deserving of the approbation of
mankind than this. Should it be faithfully
carried into effect, with an earnestness j and
sagacity of application, and a steady perse
verance of pursuit, proportioned to the means
furnished by the will of the founder, and to
the greatness and simplicity of his design,
s by himself declared, the increase and
:ir it r ...
utnuston oi Knowledge among men, it is
Lnt) extravagance of anticipation to declare
that his name will hereafter be enrolled
rank to Kosciusko, declined adontiiw similar Nmong the eminent benefactors of mankind
j ne atiainuient oi annwieuge is tne nigny
rd. and no one can deprive its author !c,n9vfi altnbute of man, among the num
rit of a production, of which any Kberless myriads of animated beings-inhahi-itor
mi;ht wrll be proud. tantsof the terrestrial globe. On him alone
("To be continued. J
tude of their conntry, a few years moreand the opportu-
- nity wm h iorever :ost. indeed, so Ion; already has been
the interval, that the number to be benefited by any
provision which may fee made will not he treat
Of lhe select committed to which this part
of the message wa referred. Genj Harnson
would doubtless have been made Chairman,
but that Gen.1 'Bloomfield, much his senior in
years ajitf in dale 'if service, a soldier of the
UevoloVmn. well as of the warlof 18I9.N
had come into Congress as a Reoreseniativi
from New Jersey, and it was almost a matter
of course that thV subject should be placed in
his charge. fWilh him were associated other
Kevolulmnary. worthies. Col. Talrradge, of
minrciicut&n exptnenced ofhrer id the
,rolutlon, :(aU genW ta Gen. H.) being
".illlS Committed wbi noHans1 in tllhmrm,
ting upon the measure : for ori tlie il2th of th
Jsirne month in which it wass appointed, the
of its fair provinces bad been separated from the! Re
public, and the people, like be.su. transferred to for.
eign despots, who were agsin watching for a favora
ble moment tr a second dismemberment. Tore
generate a people ibos debased to ubtain fori a coun
try thus circumstanced the blessings of lilieriy and in
dependence, was a work of as much difficulty as dan.
ger. But, to a mind like Kcioku's, the dirBcultv
and danger of an enterprise served as stimulants to
undertake iL . . J
"The annals of these times give us no detailed ac
count of the progress of Kosciusko in accomplishinr
ins great worn, irom ioe ucnou oi nis return from
America to the adoption ol the new Constiation of
Poland, in 1791. f Thw interval, however, jf appa
rent inaction, was most usefully employed to illumine
JI Historical Celebration of the adoption
of the, first Civil Constitution by the Colony
of Connecticut, then consisting of the towns,
of Hartford, Windsor and WeathersfiehU
took place in Haitford on the 21st tilt., under
the direction of the Connecticut Historical
Society. ! It was numerously' attended.-
Hymns were sung composed for the occa
sion ; prayer ottered by the Kev. Dr. rield
the old Constitution of 1739 was read ; the
78th psalm was also read from the old ver
sion of Sternhold and Hopkins, and a histor
ical discourse delivered hy lNoah Webster,
Esq. when another hymn i was suns:, and c
the exercises closed with prayer by Rev.. Mr
ajauuu, anu tne oeueuicuon. i ,
r; is bestowed, by the bohnty of the Creator of
ihe universe, the power and the capacity of
acquiring knowledge. Knowledge is the at
tribute of his nature, which at once enables
him to improve his condition upon earth, and
' a i a a- ' ' -' '
o prepare mm lor the enjoyment of a hap
pier existence hereafter. It is by this atlri
1 . .1 . . . -
oute tnat man discovers his own nature as
the link between earth and Heaven ; as the
partaker of an immortal spirit; as created
jor Higher and more durable ends than the
countless tribes of beings which people the
earth, the ocean, and the air,1 alternately in
stinct with life, and melting into vapor, or
mouldering into dust
To further the means of acanirimr knowl
edge is, therefore, the greatest benefit thaf
I ran be. conferred upon mankind. It prolongs
me iisen. anu enlarges the snhere of exis-
miil, the property of Mr. Nitkin Tvanw.
situated about three miles from ih Iif f
!rflCTr.rhi;:h eD"'Hpe1 u- hanuj Baltimore, on the Falls road, was completely
men. To stimulate the ignorant sad bigoted pea, destrnved hv fir rn,
...iry wilh the hope of future em.cit oj-f 1. Jeh tIlA.iu W" ?mmUn,:
a proud hut gallant nobility that Woe glory j only to f V ,m "C ' th kl,ns hy "CCldent and
be found io the paths of doty and pauioiwmHiie- Defore the ervires of the city firemen, who
resu the most suriborn. and habits the most invent went nut with their apparatus, eonld he made
diipa.d. and broken, by the effectual, the boifding was conaumid; aid
ascendanev or ntaVirtfiM ant wM.ni la.... .. -i
" f. - iwini crui niue ot its contents saved.
r lw s iK
-.-- - - f " v " fc" is-; ciiucir
un bunday morning the large flouringT4ence. v The earth'w'as given to man for cul
tivatiou, to the improvement of his own con
oition. - Whoever increases his knowledge
multiplies the uses tn which he is enabled to
turn the gift of hie Creator to his own ben
pfit, and : partakes in some 1 degree of that
goodness which is the highest attribute o
vumnipntence. itself.
' If, then, the Smithsonian Institution, un
uer the smile of as approving Providence
Willi in,, (!1i,-rnmnf K Tn!uiloiann
w.nt Alton, wun legislative, executive, and
udiciaJLpowersr all limited, bill coextensive
with the whole confederation.
Under this Government, a new experiment
in the history of mankind is now drawing to
the close of half a century, during which
the territory and number of jStatea ; in. tlie
Union have nearly doubled, while their pop
ulation, wealth, and power halve been multi
plied more than fourfold. In the process of
this experiment, they have goiic through the
vicissitudes of peace and war. amidst bitter
and ardent- party collisions, and the unceas
ing changes of popular elections to the legis-
ative and executive offices, both of the gen
eral Confederacy and of the separate States;
without a single execution for treason, or a
single proscription, for a ; political offence.
The wliole Government,' under the continual
superintendence of the whole People has
been holding a steady course? of prosperity,
unexampled in the contemporary history of
other nations, not less than irt the annals of
ages past. . During this period, our country
has been freely visited by observers from oth
er lauds, and often, in no friendly spirit by
travellers from the native land of Mr. Smith
son The reports of the prevailing manners,
opinions, and social intercourse of the'Peo-
ple of this Union, have exhibited no natter.
jngor complacent pictures, i (All the infirmi-
. f t - . ., , i?.' t ' .1;
iv9 anu vices oi our civil ana political conui
tion have been counted and I noted, and dis
played with no forbearance of severe satiri
cal comment to set thern off; yet, after all
this, a British subject, of noble birih and am
ple fortune, desiring to bequeath his whole
estate to the purpose of increasing and diffu
sing knowledge throughout the whole com-
urumiy ni civiuzeu man, selects lor tne de
positories of: his trust, with! confidence un-
qnalified with reserve, the Congress of the
tmieu otaies oi . America. , :; ., . , ; :
In tlie commission of every trust, there is
an im plied tribute of the souS to the integri
ty and intelligence f the trustee j and there
is also an implied call for the faithful exercise
of those properties to the fulfilment of the
purpose of. the trusU The tribute l and the
call acquire additional force and energy when
tlie trust s committed for performahce af
ter the decease of; h mi by whom it is grant
ed, when he no longer exists 'to witness or
to constrain the efieciive fulfilnientof the de-
igii.ri i cmagniwiue pi tne trust, and the
extent of the confidence bestowed ? in the
committal of it, do bnt enlartre 'and atrvra
vate the pressiire if the ohHiration which it
c"fI? iUl iCIh weighf fduty impos-
cu m pniporiionen to the honor conferred by
vwuuucnce wiiuout reserve. x our commit
tee are fully persuaded, therefore, that, with
a grateful ftense' of the; honor conferred hy
thai l...n. 'n.. -..U l?.r . - ... ' .
.vc-.owi umiu iiia political institutions m
of Ibr Unitetl
eovereiijjUYtst, the leading and most etnineut men i
this Union, the Congress
Fitz Grsene Hallockv
The reiterated and prolonged personal wJ
fare the Van Buren1 party is waging uptj
Gen. Harrtsou is developing a feeling in i!
West, of which you can have , no idea fi
description ; and this insult now put by ii
New York Regency and others upon an
lant fellow-soldier of Gen. Harrison ai ttf
'ui .:m u... ..i,t ... !.:.. r....i... ' n'
1 II4U1C9 Will UUI u u ,vcc,,lfvi(l
isiratwm Ijluestionahl y have a puwerfut c
fret upon .11 thinkih nien' bui UteJPef
-re rallying h uH suirnjie w ttndieori
,es llial ol tlie last wir, anu i
s they foulit itjw--wifellier they wo
tveSl or iiL4l4inefrYitt well know thai m l
. .w
rail
Kentucky, Western Pennsylvania. Olitou
ndiaita,' were under .Ueneral H-rnsun
volunteer soldiers and iwhen Tirpecan!
Fort Meiffs, and the Thames are aiucw
tlirongh Gen. Harrison, the thousand ul ol
linteers who served under him, ami whom In
nlwsva attarhed to him as Dersonal frieildU
Vat a if thev were attacked too. and lhe;
make it a nersonaL Question.!
It does seem to me, loosing cauiuv
things Iiere, that the people are volunieeimij
here now. m the Presideniiai cam paign,r
9. If tli orn tn'ilri' off I ProCtor SSlI
m. ...ww.w.w - .... - ,
r.umseh -b-tn-for the eiilhUsiasm IS Slini-i
t iW. nh vr tiia moc,.!) is similar. TliS,
aiua nib lueii w. . niv ...wwwww
is inVa fir an .Tim nil, a convention oni
hattlft o-ironnd of Tionecanoe. on the 29
T , . . . . . .U
..n.l K.nnl. nr. nnmnntf tlieir leillSt M
camp equipage, their forage, their camp
ties. &c. iust as they did when they u
under Harrison , at-the! call of MeigH
Rh.lhv in the last : war: Thousand "I!
thousands will be on thi battle ground 4
the 29th, and it will be the greatest
ever witnessed tin the West., 1 do ni
to use lamruas-e too strong t about eleci"""
for they are so often uncertain, but I c8,a
with safety now, thai Mr, Van Huren ni'S1
iust as well attemot to dam uo N iagara i
in atnn this - Ntaorara nil Harn.toiiigm in lua
West. Ohio. Indiana; and Illinois arr
rirtn fur bim a tli. MiAaiaiinni ij DW
uuwii Bucaiui -iiu-; uiiHiiun is g"'" r
one of the hardest foutrht ' fields in the CB"
. ' " . -Si''-
ion. -National Intelligencer.
1 ."-
r TTTCTPnPVf T A WirDlTP'T T AW.
y ' i WV- VAaaia AiaivlU.Ul . ' I
Ttlltt Vsftrtr irnnaet.jnt mAaftiirA IS 1
discussion in the Senate. 1 We believe
there : has ; seldom arisen a queii"n un
which nnblier nnininn -waa mora stn'Of
it is now in favor of a law for tlie d?cn.
nf in...i.unt ;nj;.:,i,..i. ..nnn fair anu
w. ...0-..I . wti. iiiMiviuuaiaHiiuii
assioiimMt nf tlioir nnriArtv for tl)C '
-B-k ----- V- wa wj j
of their credinirs. ' Snch a law hasheenp-
posed by the Comfniuee on the Juic,a.rJ
and adequate iiT ; its provisions ; and
neve lis passage would be naueu - j j
throughout the land. ;; But wecaiinotc
our fears that the success of the tur
he i endangered and defeated,' for tji; P2
htr pniinaoluiii irili il owrlnin OoUlIf'' li
divitled.
urwin which parlies are much
has been proposed to bring State corr
within the operation of the; bill. ' e
iuwi uevouuy -w iu , ,ir "'i . lJ in1
who think Congress has) power t" - - f.,i
ought to make, of its own auttiornj.- j
the rec ulalion of the Sute Banks. vi
still, in mercy to the ihousanJf
nate debtors who now supplied
m -ttll
in
for a i
a
i.ilri
l;. .iT.: dun the J
8IUOIIS UI-VIIIC, W.IJU etjioi mm t---
. I 'L. t. 1.11 .h.Ii wviatowtireS S
iuji. law, -.r4 ;-...--
a a Ail
portetl by the Committee, whic" "J J
object, viz. the relief of honot UJ m
declare themselves insolvent. n
gtve upvlhir property to theif er-diton. .
VERT TIGHTLY BOIIMn