Newspapers / The Raleigh Register (Raleigh, … / Aug. 10, 1841, edition 1 / Page 2
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1! i- m f 0 ill S 1?i fl 4 HI 5 POLITICAL. ' JVwir NbrfoUt tferaU, -TO THE HOtfl JpiAkHOyiVH : I pursue the vexannnationfiyoui; argu ment in favor, of the Bank charter of 1816. The only questions (said you) wer e, un der what modification Banks were most use ful.' and whether theUnited States ought or -ought not to exercise the powejMo establish, a Bank.?r After, i surrey of the whole ques tioriiVoii came' to the deliberate conclusion, that Banks wre not to.be dispensed with, and then1 you seieed the;)pbsitionj IhatAlfo. ti onal Bank was! the best possible . moUfica. , tion of the bankings pblicyi and inaiiitainedv with an ability never before or since surpas sed, that the Government had and ought to earerdc,the power to tetabUsh such an .in stitution. jiyaiii seek elsewhere, a more equivocal coiIttal to the U. S. Bank: than is hero' presented -. j.J-Jf- V Ought or 'oughi)iot we to exercise the power to establish Bank l;Why fs contem plate the obv ious import of these i words Jh Do'they.Jmply k total coocession.of the con- stitulionalquesuon I in imxaem vcrtnst jo.u ackhowledsd the power to establish a Bank. But if you insist ihatyour words do npt'bear thir construction, you cannot escape the only alternative position that Vou considered the constitutional question resxvdj 'vdica to; for if you neither recognised- the power of Con- tne quesuore a?waPa, jou were guu ty of a wilful, wanton,' I might almost say malicious, assault, upon the Constitution o . the' Uniield;-Statelawv:; ;- .;-s But let us see what were your opinions o the expedieticy of a Bank.' ' Ai to the question fyou saiJ) whether a National Bank would be favorable to the admioisl ration of the - finances of the? eoveromenLItf -wo one on which there was Utile doubt, that gentleman niuat excuse " you, if y ott didjiot, enter into; it. Again, in: your Speech da the 'Removal o the Deposites, Jan. istn, losi, you said : 8 at while t shall iiot condescend to notice the , 'charges oflhe Secretary agalnsf the Bank.beyond the extent which I have mated, a sense of dott to the In stitution, and regard to the part which 1 took in its , creation, compel tie to notice two allegations against -it, which have fallen from another quarter.' M It is said that the Bank had no agency, or at least efficient agency, in the restoration of specie payments in 1817, aiid that it haa failed to fornisn tne country . with a sound and uniform currency, as had been prom ised at the the time of its creation. . Both of these al legations, I pronounce to be without just foundation. . To enter into a minute examination of them, would cany me too far from, the subject, and I content myself wun saying, tnai navmg oeen on . we pouucai siage without interroptidn, from that 'day to thishaving been an attentire observer of the question of the cur rency throughout the: whole period that the Bank has been an indispensable agent in the restoration of 8pecie payments; that without it, toe restsrauon could not have been effected short of the utter prostration of all the moneyed institntions of the country, and an .en tire depreciation of Bank paper, and that it has not only restored specie payments, but has given a cur rency far mart uniform between the extremes of the country, than was anticipated or even dreamed of at the time of its er cations-1 will say for, myself; that JdlheJUvalthaiyme between the Atlantic and the West, wonld be brought lower, than two and a half per cent, the estimated ex pense then, including insurance and lies of -time, of transporting specie between the two points. How much it was below the anticipated point, I need not state the whole commercial world knows that it . was not a fourth part at the time of the removal of These sir,' are" etrong admissions to the exoediencv of a National Bank. A3 a fis- cal agent, its' necessity was so obvious and - essential, that yoiu could hot bring : yourself even to the discussion of the point. Pray, . is it not as "favorable to the administration of the finances of the Government now I as formerly 1 1 Has ahr "change taken place. in its capabilities for fiscal pperation t You ' spoke then from experienc&f-the experience of the thing froml79i.to 1811. Now, you hare superadded ' to .that, the yet stronger experience of the country from "1816 to 1836, during' which period, as well as from 1791-to 1811V the finances were administer ed wth , the most perfect smoothness and ease,with the greatest possible despatch, and without a centos cost or a cent's loss to the Government, while the business of the coun try went prosperously oa Besides'ihis jpoi- . tf tee, you have before you a negative kind of - experience. , From 1811 to 1816and from - 1838 to the present f time- the intervals, of intermission Of a National Bank-a dear les-. son was taught the country one that ought to;each It wisdom in all future ti me, and that should be kept constantly before the ab stractionists of . the; present, day. During the whole time' of the absence of a National Bdnkt ihe finances were in -confusion, the whole currency disordered, and the "business of the country paralysed. Now, sir, -if in 1816 you believed a National Bank an in . dispensable fiscal medium, bow is it, .that yi .an Increased and mo3tI instructive ex- - perience' beforeyou,'you , now give up the Bankas a fiscal agent ! If its financial adapta j lion was aeelf evident proposition then why It UVUUUUI uvw if . ' reiterated your euloirium -'oJf the, BarifcI; You not only claimed effected, the restoratioA, of specie payments but tvithad rcecl the exchanges be tween the remote sections of the country to nominal amount, and. had girtrn ihecourf- try a sounder : ano mora uniform currency than its most sanguine friends had even dreamedSof atibe time ofits creation-i ; Well, sir, why will nbt a National Bank re store speciepayments now V Why will it fiot again bring down exchange to a nominal amount? vWhy will it hot once mtore n-ire oa sound and runiform currency Why will it not do now-what it has twice done . ! before - Sir.'vou snokef strict tmiK t, 1816, yon . declared it a self evident nronosi. tion that a National Bank was a good fiscal . agentS5ne it bad for twenty yekra safe ; t ly keplttransferred ahdi disbnrW miUioiil :, upon muiiuns pnDiic -tnorj3eyt-aDd througb our widely extended country these -: important functions; had been discharsed wiii,so,iaucu fFtH,"!!Vv."" Ffrt oa!t one was scarcely conscious of :.iraQffvtMtef any 3carbrMtLfidh:tS iKnce 1816r another Bank keptrahsrredf ahdiisbnrSed 'more : W millions of, the nations I re venae. Wlnou momentfi unnWessary.delaywitb to: the; wOTernMu;& S And voiu as much -.spoke ; the. truth 1 when you Satdli; t-ug$ of the coiihtryd almosf hotnrng.i It hadi n truth, revealed a new phenomenon I in . Ex change that thocost of commercial ;remit- tance between remote sections mignt oe re duced below th Uandct ofartsporta tion of Specie,'; which, until the; existence bTtnmfc tbe 'nat oral rate of Exchange. A tnercnani, in imjs emit to- his correspondent in New Orleans at less cost than he could send the" Specie, and without any risk whatever -no Smailxionsiaetaupn1 a ? Hrereatww iiftuaoi ions, because the. cost .off insurance is sa- Vedtz o fact lis, veryf Merchant mUDe Union knows, that while the United btates Bank was in operation,-. exchange was a sons i mere nothing hardly worth etm mernuoq in uxiug iue pricts w ueucpauueu of bis customers for bis tjoodsl1 What is it now. Trhight stop to ask i A heavy item in the.listTof mercantile' expenses, and of course a heavy burden upon the consumer who, after all, pays every tax, of. whatever kind, that the merchant baa incurred Wore ' And when tou so emphatically asserted that the Bank . had blest the country with a sound and uniform currency, you did it but the simplest justice. So sound it was that a bill of the U. States Bank would purchase broad cloths in London or Liverpool, and there never was a dayj after the Bank got Well uoder way that a U. S. Bank note was dot equal to Specie any where in the Union, no matter at. what point it had issued So uniform was it, that not only would a note" of the late Bank pass xurrpnt all over the Union, but its notes and drafts were actual IV belter than svecie. . A Merchant i Nor folk, havinsr a payment to make in New Or leans, bad only to go to the Branch Bank n the Borough and purchase a draft on the Branch at the latter place, and he had woere with to pay his debt in New Orleans, some thinjr better than the same amount in ' Gold and Silver. The ' draft purchased Of the Bank, would cost him but one fourth of one per cent, whereas bad he to remit the Spe cie, the cost of transportation and insurance would be several per cent : or if. he had1 to resort to a broker to obtain exchange on New Orleans, he, would have to pay at the least the amount of the cost of transportation and insurance, for the individual dealer in exchange never charges less for his draft than- the natural irate of Exchanffe," that--is never sells'his drafts for a less premium than it would cost the remitter to send the spe cie. To make the proposition palpable, what Would a draft of N. Orleans have cost while the Bank was in existence, and what would such a draft Cost now when 'there is no Bank ? In the former case, it would not exceed one quarter per cent, in the latter it could not be had for less; than 5 per cent, nor could it.be had even for that.t ; Now the difference of exchange, in the two ca ses is; just the difference in the value of U. S. Bank notes and Specie. It is most true, then, that a National Bank did furnish a sound and uniform currency indeed, as to be superior even to the precious .metals. Now, sir, that the3ank did effect these glorious results, I have your own high au thority your own most emphatic assevera tion, l make you the witness to tne country for the Bank: I produce your own positive and unimpeachable testimony in its behalf. And since it did, in past times, so inestima ble service for the country,: why is it now to use your recent language of condemnation .unconstitutional, inexpedient and dan gerous?'1 . What li change) has come- over the spirit of your dream ? Sir,! hold you to your admissions in favour of the Bankil I demand, in the name of the country, how it is that you now so bitterly denounce a measure? which you have said gave to the Government a good fiscal agent, to the country a sound and uniform currency, to its commerce a cheap and easy medium, and to all the great interests of the nation, prosperity 7 i You, must assign a satisfactory reason, or your present course in relation to the Bank must be- divested of all its moral force. i A sound and uniform currency, Sir, is, as you know, the greatest of national blessings. It is indispensable to public prosperity and to private pappiness. An easy medium of exchange, too, is another national, blessing and individual good, particularly in .a commercial, a con- ederated and and widely extended country ike our own.! The Statesman, who will se cure once more for our Beloved country hese inestimable -benefits, will merit, as he will doubtless receive, her heartiest benedic tions. You, ISir, who, in times gone by, stood forth a public benefactor, and by car rying though a National Bank, relieVedyour country from .the -evils of : confused v , ex changes and a disordered currency, I invoke to come once more to the rescue-.. ' Gve.us yotir aid ,it this tbedmeea:ifaQa;l necessity.: and if 1 invoke, your. assistance in vain, I turn with hope to a wrser if not a more patriotic- 'source to., an en lightened Congress and i to a' President, who I trust, will render bts name illustrious in all. future time by discarding all petty abstractions And yieldiner his approval to that measure-p vast irational importance, wnpse .utility Has been tested by time and.-experience, jnd wmch the popular will so loudly demands. Jk ..may Close.; iuq euujcwkjp tiy umv. t LOWNDES. , it mi "'or ... a . .t.' t. . w.: ees for ten thousand buihels ot chn vAt .Wheat, aau wut'auo laEe tram nve 10 ten, inousana- qvsneis of redi -Xl must all lie in merchantable order, and delivered at . his i Lumber . House : at Henderson. Those wishing to contraet will,, during his absence, call on McsMrs. W, WVass & Co. v , ; i "1i .illia Hs B. MONTAGUE. v '""'JCT Tbe Subscriber win be tea4yitrtii Tall, to buy crops, or parcelsof loose Tobacco to any amount, and shot Id be pleased to see those wishing' to fell. August 1, 184 Vii- -.. ;.? .,-6 I aw4w. ?dJL onbsenber wilt, petealy.ihU Fato buv any 4ontity;tolos9 Tobacco at his factory in Hen. August l,;184;-;'r&5-law4w th HheiHouse of 'present alitnesVte en grossed Ibill in relation to; duties and draw- oacatjpoming upiu;4taora tion beifig on the final passasre thereof - 7 i Ml Pro ffit raid it was VieU known thati Uee weeks affo, ha had offered a Resolution providinflr- that the Yea3 and Nayi ehould be taken on amendments sub- uutteti in committee upotttmff dm, ami also upon me Bank bill. He nad never been able to "get up mat Resolution, taough- he bad? frequently endeavored so to do. A nd what was the consetraence, and what was now the spectacle presented ! The conseqaence was that the sam of eight t.and probably eveo of twelve) millioos had been directed to be raised by imports, un der a bill which hail beenburried through with rash and indecent haste, and without the members.beina auoweu to assign one souiary reason ior uie they had given; -Not'smgIeiiddividaa ; put. 'of this HSuse coald tell how any one of the members nao voted.". Here was a bill ; imposing duties on articles which; in his tecuWof country ati least, it was sup posed never would have been taxed ; and yet hd one was Yesoonsible for it. because, tne moment me dim had come into the House, the previous qustion cut off all debate, and forbade any expression oi opinion or sentiment on the part of any member. . : H Vnew ihat in thia inaUer be differed from a larW majority of his political friends .He htfd regret ted that it should be so. Bot he opposed, and, so long as he had a seat on that floor,' he would continue-' to oppose, the principle which had been .introduced, this session in lezislatine -as thev had done. : He had no ODDortunity to express his sentiments, neither he nor any other member bad hadari opportunity of saymg. one. wora upon, ipy amenameniwnicn uaa oeea uuw ed and he contended that the amendment pffered by the eentleman froin South Carolina, ( Mr. PickensV striking out the article of raw hides, an article of which two and a half millions in value were imported into this countrywas, of itself, of sufficient importance to be debated one day ; yet not a word bad been said upon 'AJ And thus they were called blindly to ote upon the nassase of a bill containine numberless items upon which they had not had the privilege, of opening their Ani! when the. members of this House went home, and the questioCjhOuld be asked who had yo ioA far iWimnoeitioii or duties ODon Coffee, the an swer would be " Not I, not I, and not I." Who Acy were that had given such vote was a matter not to be found put ; and, yet, if his vote were recorded in favor of the passage of the bill, it would be taken for granted that he had voted for all these propositions. No debate, no reasoning no analysis had been allowed, and cross iniustice had been done to the mercantile classes," without even allowing them to be beard through their Representatives. Not a word had been allowed on the important amendment offered by a member from Massachusetts, (Mr.Saltonstall,) giving to men who had shipped cargoes in good faith under the last Tariff the poor permission to land them under that Tariff; and they had thus been subjected to an additional duty of twenty per cent, He had made it-a rule of his legislative lire, (not now a1 very brief one, at least in the Legislature of Indiana,) where, on matters of this importance, a free discussion was: not - allowed- where ho believed the legislation to be hasty, unnatural, and contrary to the spirit of the Constitution, and of the House to, vote against it; and he would do so. ; ...... c A voice " Ajrreed. i Mr. P. continued. The gentleman says " Agreed." Suppose he was not agreed, does he suppose that would make any material difference ? . (loud laugn terO He (Mr. PA presumed' it amounted to about the same thing, whether the gentleman was agreed or not. He (Mr. P.) thought it had.been soffiaently tested here that, on all these matters, he had pursued the course which he believed to he correct, without re garding the little popularity of the day or caring what other gentlemen might say or think or his posi tion here. ; ' r- - Mr. Stanly replied at, some length to Mr. ProfSt. Mr. S. in the course of his remarks, expressed his . surprise at the remarks which had fallen from the gen tleman from Indiana. .The gentleman got up here, not a very old man, and lectured .this House, composed as it was of a large majority of his ownfuendsfor pass ing a measure of more importance than all the, other measures upon which they were called to act put togeth er, with hot and indecent haste. This Mr. . thought, . wasunbecomingjughly unbecoming it was disrespect ful to this House, and to every member ofjt. - : Mr. Preflit explained. If he had used any language unbecoming to the House the Speaker would have called him to order. He Mr. P. had riot intended to say any thing disrespectful to the body. He poke merely of what he conceived to be the haste and hurry with .which this bill had been passed .through ; and if the gentleman from North Carolina (Mr. Stanly) had supposed that he (Mr. P.) had in any manner vi olated the decencies and proprieties of debate, he (Mr. P.) was astonished that the gentleman should not have called him to order. Mr. Stanlu continued. He had preferred taking his own course. But if, a the gentlemen now inti mated, he did not mean any disrespect;:lo the House, be (Mr.: S.) would pass over that matter. The re flection sounded the more harsh, coming as it did from one of oar own friends. ; Could the House remember that, during the very Jast week, the gentleman from Indiana had offered a. Resolution to take, a measure out of .Committee which his own friends the next day rescinded ! Where was the gentleman s dread of hot and indecent. haste then t The gentleman himself, without consultation with any one, so far as he (Mr. S.) knew, brought in that resolution. Mr. ProJJit. It was handed to me by the Chairman of the Committee of .Ways and Means, who requested me to oner it. - Mr. Stanly continued. . Very well, so be it. But the gentleman said that no pne was responsi ble for the passage of this bill. How did we differ be tween this and the last, session 1 The men who came forward here to vote money, to pay the Yah Buren debts, they were the men who were .responsible for this measure.. He took bis share" of that respon sibility. ' He took it before the country and wished he could take the share of the gentleman from Indiana. They were all. responsible. Let the Whig party be responsible before the nation and" before the world, not only for the votes which had been given, not only on these articles of tea and coffee, but for .every other pro vision of the bill, and for all the acts wbieU ' might be done at this extra cession. .HV despised the base ar gument fhe meant no personal disrespect to any man ) which' had heretofore been' resorted to: in any ': other measures which' had beer 'Voted for by a porUorl of the Whig'party, that they 'Were responsible, when , the Van Buren party had the majority in this House. He despised it Let the responsibility of all the measures of the Administration be fixed upon : the party who had the majority ; there it belonged, and there let it rest ; and if they could not bear it, then let them go out of power; and sink into mat low abyss of contempt into which lhe.party just gone out had sunk f yes, let them go out of power, Dover again to return to it - v The gentleman said that lie opportunity had been given to discuss the amendments. .How was mist- Had not the gentleman"- from New York objected to the withdrawal of the motion to strike out the enact ing clause of the bill, for the very reason that it allow ed a greater latitude of debate than could be extended Under any other propositidn. " y -:. The gentleman said that no opportonity has' been given to commercial men to express their sentiments. Had mt e letter been lead from ; Boston stigmatizing the legislation of this body as' Mcah IegisIationf en acted without notice 1 - Had "not both ''ihe 'gentlemen from Massachusetts (Messrs.baltonetaU and Win thrbp) addressedr-lhe. committee and discussed the amendmentel. Did they not go as fully -into the sub ject through ! the hour alotied to mem as any other membert Did not the gentleman from South Carolina (Mr. Pickens) speak through;idhoti taking a Wide range of observation." and: selecting hw own topics of uussion! Who men had restricted the freedom of Jebate within the hour! N? one, no one. .This na tion, was looking to them ; it was frowning upon them with mdjpatipu for the long delay which -hadlakeu place m the first part of the session, and he should il JT???mfiiwheT over five minutes 3mte.M'-mpi41ireplyinS to thd remarks of the gentleman from Indiana. - -r - -s . , Before he took his aesLt,heJud a word to say tothe r .- " "' . . " . ' ' . . V-r. -v. gentleman fremwginfa, (fSQf'fasX ken tleman had spoken about irVhis proscription of the President, v Ha XMri S.) wanted ur call upon theen tleman for. hla;. powei" yof 'iiltotney-to ; aho why. what authority he spoke here fbc the! Pjresident'of thelJni ted States. He(Mr. 8.) wished to know what pro aerintion of the President, oh . the part of the Whiz 1 , . . -IK ,.. . . 1 . . . . I party, orwnav- -su ppressnon or me- ireeaom ot.aeDate, i there; had beCtuv ne riao; aearu 01.none.4- i ne ganue matt'irom Virginia in the tmark1ubihttfed M hito. had gone on and discussea every ining out me ques- lion oeioresne wnHnwwvjj vv.T:'---'w h'fOf'' Mr. Gilmer. When aia 1 attempt or undertaae to Bpeak;'to.thaPresidcfitforforany body but myself 1 ; Mr. Stanly, 1 unaemooa you 10 ao so. , ? , lli. Gilmer. Then you misunderstood m$ j and I hope you will trflderstettd miejbetter hereafter; ihat'censtruciSonCViii-' '. Mr. 8. therii proceeded to say (in reference to what he resarded the political indiscretions of certain gen tlemen) that he nad never seen tne vvig party more. Uniieu uUH It Was nt uiu vuuc . a uns nuum uHoia he differences of opinion amongst them ;.: they belong ed to the spirit of the party itself to the freedom of UlOUgnianU action wutcu ever buuiwiuiwu iui panj. If'gentlemen expected that they would be ruled as this country had been for years past, by a rod of iron, that they were to be proscribed and have their hands knock ed off because they dared to think for themselves, they were mistaken. He liked this freedogtxf opinion ; he liked to see a man-oppose his friends eveH with indis cretion when he did it in the honest exercise of his opinions. Such had been the case, and such always would be the case, when the Whig party had away. He denied that there had been any proscription ;of the President by the Whigs, and he asserted that the Whig party at this hour, in this House, and in this country, regaroea jonn xyjer wuoieeimgs 01 reiBci, uuuuio iion, and confidence. And" all thb talk about pro scription was. just such stuff as dreams were made of. He thousht he might say thus much, and more he would hot say. The country called on them for ac tion, action. They had given the country "some mea sures of relief, and this was to be the crownine mea sure "of all. For his own part, he expected hereafter to be proud of the bumble, part which he, hi connec tion -with gentlemen from all sections of the Union, had taken in '? consummating these measures. ! They had struggled hard they had compromised much. He had himself borne much, and forebbrne to speak more than he ever expected to forbear again. He regarded it as among one of the proudest privileges of his -life that he had been an humble participant in these mca sares ; and he hoped to live to see it written on their tombstones; that he was a member of the ext ra session of the S7th Congress, f Roars of laughter, especially from one side of the House.! Mr. S. continued. Let eentlemen laugh. The fiends, he xlid not doubt. sometimes laughed in "hell : and before' the next four years had elapsed, gentlemen would laugh on; the oth er side of their -mouths. The Whig members bf this Congress had not; be trusted, labored in vain.. -He hoped that this extra session was to be the commence ment of a blessed Congress, to be signalized by the country, and by generations yet unbornbr having car ried out these great and glorious measures. Mr. 8. then, remarking that he had said nothinsrof a personal character which required answer, nfbved the previous quesuon. , i ., Mr. Proffiit appealed to Mr. Stanly to. withdraw the motion. ' j , Mr. Stanlu declined. Mr. Proffit. Well r I shall have another opportu nity to say what I have to say. V Mr. Stanly, I hope you will, and many of them. Mr. Wise made a similarppeal to Mr. 8. Mr. W. said ha would detain the House but a moment. Mr. Stanly said he could not withdraw ihe motion. The, gentleman from Virginia had occupied more time than atfy other member. , . ' 1 Mr. 4ford. rose and said he made a personal appeal to the gentleman from North Carolina to withdraw the motion. Mr. Stanly r ' I cannot I have already refused to do it for my own friends. .. ; A nd the question was then taken on the demand for the previous question, and. was decided in the affirma- tive : Ayes 110, noea,not counted. O The Reporter informed Mr. S. that he said, in the haste of speaking, that " he hoped to live to see it written on our tombstones, he was a member of the extra session of the 27lh Congress." Mr. 8. says, if he said this, he meant to say that he hoped not to die like a Locofoco, but to die the death, of. a , righteous Whig, and then he could read inscriptions from an other place. HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES. ' Monday, August 2. The Bank Bill being under consideration in Committee of the whole, and r Speeches h.avinp; been made by Messrs.1 Sesoeant and others in favor of the bill, Mr. Saun debs j of North-Carolina, rose in opposition. Mr S. said, he was hot willing to suffer a bill in volving questions of such vital importance to pass,' without an effort on his part to expose its true features and its alarming character. He agreed, with the eeh tleman from Pennsylvania, (Mr. Sergeant) that all the preceding measures of the session would be com paratively insignificant should this bill fail. Their effects might be temporary; and all the evils thev occa sioned easily remedied ; but the effects of the bill on the table were of wider extent and more enduring cnaractf r. it, would not do for its advocates to main tain that the power to charter a "bank was a settled ques uon. .1 he quesuon was to be settled now, and ano ther feature was to be added to the Constitution, nev er contemplated by its framers, but on the contrary, expressly rejected. All this was to be done noder the plea of necessity. Some -other argument for it must be given than mat the question was settled. How set tled t By whom 1 who authorized them to settle the question for us 1 To think for us ? It had been settled by legislators, judges, and Presidents, with whom we of the present time had nothing to do. In addition to which,' it was said to have, been confirmed by public opinion also. If, indeed, all the alleged decis ions could be estabusbedt a high case of authority might be made out ; but a closer examination would show that the power had been denied and its exercise repeat edly condemned. It was true that Congress, in 1791, did charter a bank that the question of power had been discussed and that some- members of the convention-who framed . the Constitution tiad also been members of that Congress."! There were nuke of (hem ; and while five were for the bank, four had been against it i the. weight of talent being confessedly with the lat ter. Among the opponents had heen thej illustrious Madison, whose speech on that occasion was read, ad mired, and studied to this- hour. .'Under all the eir- eiimstaneeaMrv Saunders did not consider, thia act of Congress as weighing ao much in the argument as it appearea to me gentleman from -Fcnnsylvania (Mr. Sergeant) to do.t The Government was just' going into operation, and the bank was an experiment . In 1811. Congress came to an imoortaat Aeeluim v,htu the gentleman from Pennsylvania with hia usual tact had entirely passed over. ' The constitutional ques. tion had been raised and extensively discussed. Could it be maintained that Jefterson and Madison consider ed the question as settled.! They had a majority in Congress in 1811; arid yet in that Congress the ques tion was raised and decided against the bank. A new bank was chartered in 1816. but then the cirr.nmBtan. ces were such mat the constitutioaai question was hot' raiseo. ; -i ne Dana. was chartered,rOnv necessity, and under duress.; Nothing was . then , decided but the question of expediency. : So,in 1833, whenlthebank bad yctifouryeara to runTheni came the'potitical revolution ef 1837. The oiestion of bank or no bank had been raised during the election oft General Jack Jon, and again in the canvass of Mrt4Taaaren,and both Umea decided against; the. bank by kn immense mjojky4 -This was an offset to the authority of those decisions trhich' were claimed on the other sid. So much for thejegislative action on, the constitutional questions ; -: . . . : ,- v- hen,' as to the Erecutive decisions, the name of Washington had oeen used with great force; but let it not he forgotten with how much hesitation that exeat man had aigned be first bank ,b01 -Trao, Mr Jef. . forspn vvoukl have signed a hank bUlaf presented to hici. ' But how could -thi be known ; it was mere corf iectur& 4-Mr;-Madisort natt also signed a Wit m 1816. ahotiBnansetwablftVW qui IU0 re uixic .- . uiw -uiiniuncrcu j Van ourenwro Miuji'ctf"j"w yvuta vym ion against the banknd;SO, indeed, :'was that of Gen. Harrison, who iiad gi vert arf express opinion thst Congress had hopowe tojcnarwsr wax. i wm nad voted for Mr. Johhspnjs rejiutiorto issue a scire fa etas, and even to repeal die charter without it And aaio the opinion, of PreeidentrTylerj it was known, to oe ueciueuiy against uie vumumuumi w uuu- gress to establish a bank. The weight of Executive opinion, therefprelay on the otner side. - . . ; Mr3. next proceeded to' exsamfiethe judwda) au thority'in favor of a bankY and he insisted that the de cisions of the Supreme Court in its favor-, were' opera tive only 'darinsr the continuance of its charter; but had DOW-uO auuivTlvj , uiu mereiwe vjtungicoo uiigutucak ' .1 1.1 t . .;u. the question of charter or vno charter as an original Question.' ' The gentleman: from : Pennsylvania, (Mr. Sergeant) had said nothing otany decision m the opy ppsiie uirecuon- ne wuuu uvui.-v wi wic uwcnisures in the late Madison papers as to what .had passed in the convention when the proposal to insert a bank power. in tne lyvnsuiuuuu was oigucu uuu icjctaou Gentlemen insisted that public opinion now called for a bank.' Thi argument was every where: urged ; but how was it supported! f By the issues of the late elections 1 . They were no test; because in many of the States the; bank-question was never tatsed. it had not been raised in North Carolina ; and Mr. Bad ger, in a public 'spfeech.Ti'ad refuted the assertion that Gen. Harrison was in favor of a bank, and denounced it as a false charge. . Mr.S. here quoted the speech of Mr. Badger, and then-the address of a Whig federal committee, which dwelt on thetopics of extravagance. of a standing army, and of the pobfic lands, but con tained not a word about a bank.. Itxould not there fore, be inferred that the Whig vote for Harrison was a vote for a bank iBesides, when the Legislature of North Carolina had become Whig, though resolutions were introduced' to instruct Senators and Representa tiees to vote for a .bank, they were not pressed, because the party had not power to carry them. '- Mr. 8. insisted that whenever the question had been directly pot to the People, they, had always decided against a bank. A nd evert if public opinion were the other way, it would not prove that members of Con gress had no power to think and act for themselves If they had a decided opinion on the consUtutional question, were they not to ..be allowed to express it ? It was bold doctrine not intended to operate within but without the walls of Congress. Mr. S. insisted he had a perfect right to treat this as an original question, and to act according to lus own opinion. He then entered briefly into a consideration of the cohstitn- tional question ; stated the distinction between speci fied and implied powers, and insisted , that the latter rested ppon their being necessary and indispensable to 'carry out the' former... Gentlemen Were disposed to j ud ge of the Constitution, not so much from its own letter as from the measures they wish to carry under its sanction. Even th alien .and sediUon laws had once been considered as constitutional thpugh . ndne would now venture to express such an opinion. , v. The gentleman from Pennsylvania had referred to the decision in 1791 and not to the powers in the Constitution. Mr. 8. here read an extract from the speech ofMr. Clay'ihl811,-against the Bank.'- The gentleman from Pennsylvania (Mr. Sergeant,) with his usual tact, had referred to a declaration by the old Congress that a bank was indispensably necessary to. carry on the Government But if they had been led to believe so by ths results of the Revolution, why had they hot expressed that opinion in the Constitution 1 It had been twice proposed jn the Convention, and twice rejected' Mn S. here quoted the Madison Pa pers, to show the opinions of Mr. Madison and Mr. Kinsr.. . . .. ." . . . - H e declined touching on the expediency of charter ing the bank, but made some remarks on the project of establishing a fiscal bank in the District of Colum bia, which he considered an insidious and- dangerous mode of. evading the constitutional difficulty. . The power of Congress to legislate exclusively for this Dis trict was strictly , a municipal power, and, could not be extended into the States. And even this power must be exercised in conformity with the Constitution.: The .but allowed Congress to hold lands, tenements, and hereditaments, for which there was no power in the Constitution. If Congress could legislate for the States through this District in one case, it could in all cases. If it could act in relation to a bank, it could also in rela tion to slavery. It might not only set free all slaves in the District, but might declare that all fugitive slaves from the States should be free the moment their feet touched the soiL This ; war glorious - doctrine for Southern gentlemen to advocate ! He did not charge the majority with any such design. But let the prin ciple once be established, and put-into the hands of fanaticism, and ito onward career ceuld never be tesist- ed. He should resist it at the threshhold ; and plac ing himself on the' ramparts or the Constitution, he should cling to its pillars with a-death grasp, and if they fell, was content to be crushed beneath their nuns On the next day. Mr. Washington, of North-Carolina, replied to his colleague as ioi tows; : Mri Washington, of North Carolina, next addressed the committee, and after a modest exordium, in which 'be referred to tne fact tnat he was probably the young; 4 est member upon the floor; proceeded to notice some of the positions taken by his colleague (Mr. Saunders-) the day previous, (of whom he spoke in very- friendly and respectful terms) in relation to the issues put forth before the people at the late election and especially in their own State.. He declined going into the -expediency or constitutionality of the bank; being folly satisfied as to both; It was enough for him to know that a National Bank had been recommended by Ham ilton, approved by Washmgton acted on by Jefferson in 1803 and 1805, sanctioned by Madison, and com mended by Monroe and . that its constitutionality had been decided by the. highest' judicial tribunals. ' In 1791 and in 1816, it had been justified on grounds of necessity and the same ground existed now. He referred to the financial derangements of the commu nity, and to the, numerous; memorials in favor of bank He then turned to Mr. Saunders t who had de nied that the Bank had the taoction of public opinion, especially in North Carolina. Mr. W. had" Pim tn a directly Opposite conclusion t and he proceeded to aj uown me lacts on which his conviction rested; When the Bank was ; chartered in 1 816, one of the penaiors irom iNorth UaroUna had voted for and one against it , While in the Hotise nine Representatives had supported, and but three opposed it One of the nine had been Mr. Yancey, formerly, a distinguished leader of the party opposed to the Bank, and a man who wielded a greater infiuehce in that State than any man nad ever done, except Nathaniel Macon. . M W; then referred to resolutions in favor of the Bank, which had passed, me North s turejn the lower branch without a division, and in the Senate on a' vote to lay on. the table) bv 48 to 4 , iu joiiu, a otaie sana navmg peen eaoiisned, its charter permitted k expressly to deal in the stock ot we nana or the United Btates, taking it for granted that such Bank wonld be again established.. ;. The same feature occurred in another Bank charter. Granted in 835 by a Legislature in which the democratic party Drg joHjonty, aoa m ioo : very ume uen.'JaeK son was carry mg on his war "Witil ! the 'Bank. 4 ', ' Mr. W. denied that these evidences of public sehti- ted' Mr, Badger" frbm the imputation,-east on him bv Mfc Saunders, of, having represented Gen.JIarrison as utterly opposed to a Bank, bv ouotinV 'mom fnii. than Mr. S. had done the wech of Mr. that suhject, in which ha fully stated. Gen. Harrison's yiewaastp hbwillingjiess to! dxarter aABankr tinder certain given circumstances wKltn . hand, if My. yah.Burfni was elected no National Bank could be chartered wifirecyuig bis wtoml' i KMr"W. paid a- hartdscnur' guiahed foltew-citizen-and on his speech, of -which 0,000 comes had been drciilaiMl. wiih nmf-nnn.1 rat OO the public mind. He then referred to thn rnhr. L eieenon tn Worm -Carolina, in which. Mr. anders had been a cahdidatei' and in which, for the first time, both competitors had taken the stump to their strennoos effort; and to the final defear of ais colleague oy 8,000 votes. M j . a tetterorjMheJ and ,iwjwwu the head of k r Defnocrauc baper was this-.- The people a7-l BankAorrjsponding expresirjn ofpSH ment fjad also been marked by the election r sentatives in the State LeeislainVA ep. 104 Whigs had been Chosen, only 66 bpl' been returned.11'. these; Whies by augh.! ? In regard to the Senators, frm i Una, they had been required, in a LernslM;-. by a vote of 103 to t to pledge themselves to favor of aankjl otherwise they could not U 1 As to the lnvmtr nn lha o.f 0mi As to the laymg on the table of resolutions Z these Senators and to request the Represen,.! vote for a Bank, it was a result merely 0f Z h of public business and the protraction of debat I6"5 the close of a session. . The resolution would ry have been carried by a laree maioriw . v.., Certai- other measures which must have bepn r of.timeit was patriotically dropped by iu railt And the following election showed how public stood: instead of 8 Democrats and 6 Whieg- ' gress there were now 8 Whigs and 5. Dei!!1 The 8 Whigs represented a population of UH3 4J J9ZlHMZnLMM O. LKIUUIIILIUIV DI Z W Hllft a ft Tl l.sst could any man say that public opinion in North olina was against the Bank 1 Clr- Mr. W "then- went on to insist, that th( ;. i . the People had been pre eminently on the Bank ' tion. In support of which he stated a number aft of a local nature. .He next noticed Mrl Saunders's obiecti. ' bill, on account of its location in the District fr lUmbia. This he" considered veiy extraordinary0 cially in a strict constructionist and a State-rin-hts It never had been denied that Congress might A0336 a Bank in this District, of which it was the ou islature."The bill provided that no branch 8t,nu7 established within any State, without the const t the SUte. This surely was in strict confnrm;.." -bJ State Rights doctrine. As to the obiMiA.. . Congress could operate in the States, through tU District, by the estabfishmenl of a Bank, it mi oti the subject of slavery also, it was true thatConera! rnight legislate for the District butin so doing itcSaS not interfere with vested rights. Slavery was ro nised by the Constitution, and slaves as the dtod oi , iiie tjuuui cuuiujum uo tnienerea with Ani -1 1.1 u i . .. " ftn If vuiigrcss ucTci auuum auutiau mvery in taeobnKni States till those States; gave their consent, little hla could be done. Mr. W. said he loved his Slate with as strcnf m affection as any than yet he was opp08ed to lugfiar her political contests,. into every debate, in season out of season. r It would have no other effect ftan inflame the public mind and weaken the bonds of m, happy Union, fe a country so extensive, with so tut a diversity of climate, products, and local interests, ft was not to be wondered at that there should oee some sectional' difficulties ; but these, instead of beuv aggravated should be met and overcome. Shall K England, asked Mr. W, the nursery of patriotism pieiy, ana oi science, De sacrtncea to the luxury of & tvr -3 '- sa -m aa " si av.T . :.w est ana or me ooutn : n o. ur snail tne exubersa abundance of the patriotic South be sacrificed to the ehgrossing; enterprise and blind fanaticism of tin North and the East 1 Whenever that question shal be presented, all the Northern hills will ecno with , prompt .and overwhelming negative. I have no fen of disunion there iabalm in Gilead for all our politi cal evils i not in physical force not in the slrongua of thelaw; bu$ in tiie conservative influence of kind iod mutual forbearance. This atone can soothe the vioieoct of sectional animosities and jealousies. Let thebosomof every enlightened' statesman swell with good will to. ward his brethren, and the demon of . discord will quickly be dislodged from our happy country. Thai every diversity in soil and climate, in interests and put. suits, will but add one: more cord to the glorious bond which holds and secures our national Union. Th shall . thai Union : stand like a rock, and, while the waves - of faction and of selfish emulation may dash themselves to nieceaat its foot, its snmmit shall 1m crowned With a beacon-light, cheering the nationi of the. earth m their struggles for feeedom. TOrTedlcal College of the Elate of IVJlSotltll Carolina. The f jalar Coural of Lectures in this Institution, will be resomed on the I second Monday. in November. Anatomy, by j; E. HOLBROOK. M. D. 8urgery, ; CI B. GEDWNGS, M. D. - Institutes and Prac tice of Medicine, S. H. DICKSON, M.D. Physiology, JAMES MOULTRIE, M. D. Materia Medical PENRY R. FROST, M. D. Obstetrics and Dis eases of Women : i. - c i and Children, THOS. G. PBIOLEAU, M. D. Chemistry, ; . C. U. SHEPARD, M. D. The School for Practical Anatomy has been re organized, . and will be tinder the charge of ProC Holbrook. assisted bv Drs. DESAUSSUKE. CUA- ZAI 8INKLER, uAlLLARD and RAVEKEL Clinical . Instruction at the College Hospital, Mi- nne Jiospital and Alms House. , 6. U. SHEPARD, Dew. Charleston July SO.. . 65-6 TfAtliOll'S WOTICJE. A negro man, caB lling himself SAM. or SAM JOHNSTON, (h , saya no matter which) 'was taken dp as a Rudiwij Slave on the 31st day of July, near Plymouth, committed to the .'Ja'd of Washington County. Hi says he is free, and belongs in the Isle of WightcooB- IflM Mnntr anil tK vhixI Kadlv wnitCD. POf' . m mj , wmv Buwn. m I. a, J ,. porting to be a passjo look for, work, and certificate ' freedom; and signed by Jacob Duck. Said Nepot H foef high, black, has thick h'ps. promioeDt brawji lull largi eyes; and bis back appears nmowi"-; the laah. , He has on a brown homespun iroci and tow cloth shirt and trowsers The owner Negro is hereby notified that unless he shall eliis anA "VittV'. Iwr nMmnW Tita nrnmrtT. Slid W charges accruing- against him, with the cost a iw Advertisement, within the time prescribed by wilt be sold for the same, as the law directs id oa cases. ' : R. B. DAVIS, Shenfl, 1 - V Bt :8.DAVENP0RT, D. 8M ; August 3, 1941. ; gj. I1 r, -ft r ... mt ), WllliaB U X&k-.iw 1 .A. ui.: him line. West Casw!l ConrthnnL a atrav Geldins. The GeMO. ! .... : v-.u k;n.l fjfit.Wnl1' i u a oorrei, aDooa seven years oio, bow " . auui acca. ua iiii:nra iiihii. sm iiiiuioi , July 30,181." V 65 2tp !Is&ecrys is I te ao nearly Taaax acw Piano fortes in the'eourse of a few year. and0 would suppose that so large a number wooww tendency to stock;? at least some parts of i but so far from such a state of things as would hr br!n olv,rit .WHtia in the number of lnstnu sold, I can truly say that the quantity of by me thiflCyJear haJeen unusually large, hale f sold so many instruments in tbe same lens time as I have done during tbe present : 'T k mi on ta deoead nnbn rnV word only "l-i;. ti:.... h.t ti. m. iliom and see aDd what thev have' - v - A1A Ta. JnlT 1.1841. . j-wciw-- frtlMlTIae WanFJ U -your nouse upon trial ai my own m yoa, Keep k, ovterwise reiura r- - l-jjc I will ask the above named privilege -".t aider it a tavori et ancn as are oesirou- r- . really good Piano Fortes. - An individual w. - .1... .... D prmilllT nv- of such an -fiSet as the one above. MARif. ,-rt 7,tt' vi 15. r. 'May Petertbuif, Jt.: f ::J .:s-.-iT-i'.-"
The Raleigh Register (Raleigh, N.C.)
Standardized title groups preceding, succeeding, and alternate titles together.
Aug. 10, 1841, edition 1
2
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