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iFromtb Greessrofcgh -'Patcjbt.J
No. IIL-ReWfa No &f,7 n
fnnxmum to Ae Penitentiary yl - : - '
r ' The imfnortal sjgnera of the Declaration of In
dependence aay, ftl experience bath shown Jhat
1 mankind ate rnU disced to iVIEj
' are sofTerable, than tonight tses by abol-
. ishingthrtqwtfeh
, This Walw.yabwn the case with "nam.
. bilious peopleif North Carolina. 1 hey have wiU
nessedfhe cruelty of our pumshments. and their
imStencT in protecting their persons and proper-
- iXS they hate determined to substitute in
illil .to.t a mode of punishment more consonant
tV JlSylvanus
' SfrffesthefriendsofthePeniientiaTy.wilhus.ng
hVJS lords against the old bloodstained code
of penal laws :-It would be difficultto heap more
a a than R deserves. But if the rays of light,
that are pouring in on this old code, arfd asking
it writhe and struggle for some corner of dark-
' ness lo bide its deformities infrousea the peo
,rfe to indulge in harsh epithets,' such as "de
moralizing," -bloody," -Draconian" &c it is no
crime, but shows the honest indignation of a hu
'mane, and upright heart. But is it true, that they
hate slandered our penal laws V No : 1 hey
hive only repeated the words of a Hale, a Black
etone and other enliffhtened judges. Bat no
sooner does the -galled j do -Wince," than its
defenders come to its rescue, and cry out, that
the charges agaiast it are -false and slanderous;"
and brand the advocates of the Penitentiary sys
tem as - modern smattererd," aspirants," M su-
rperficial statesmen;" but these calumnies its
drocatea must submit to be charged whh, by tho
callous hearted and remorseless, whose spirit is
Iike that described by the poet,
" Upon his head an iron crown he wore, .
And well such diadem his heart became.
Who ne'er his purpose for remorse gave o'er
: iior check his course for pity or for sha.m5 "
5The same charges were heaped upon the epio-
neers of the Reformation, upon the founders of
our venerable Republic, and upon all others, who
- have the moral courage to attack - long-estab-lished".
errors and gray-headed falsehoods.
Sylranus" says with much truth, that it is
trime, that it degrading." - And in the same
No. that, "the dread of dishonor, and infamy
operates on minds influenced by the value of re
" puratton, with tenfold more lorce in deterring
from crimes, than the dread of any corporal punish
ment, short of deaih." All this is true. Which
proves beyond doubt, that it is not the punishment
by sanguinary laws, however severe, that deters
persons who value reputation and honor, but the
oiium that attaches to crime itself. Now to per-
tons of this character, infamy and the "toss of
reputation?' that attaches to crime, i f itself, would
"toe a sufficient punishment to deter them from
crime. But -Sylvanus" should not confound the
just with the uniust.the innocent with the guilty.
as be has done in cacn vi nis ixos. bj ipsmg
vighfitxhis all-important distinction, originates
so mahy of his errors. 1 would again remind him,
that the law is made to meet the wicked nvt the,
rightebus to meet the depraved and guilty
those destitute of "moral principle" who set no
value on - reputation" or - honor" for man as
he "is, not as he should bs.
-Sylvanus" having admitted, that corporal
punishments, have out little effect in deterring
persons from crime, who value reputation and
honor, now let us see whether such punishments
ere more efficient in deterrinapersons who do
not -value reputation or honor? On this poin 1
shall not pretend to throw new light.- It has
been canvassed over and over again, at least in
some of our sister Stales, so thai it is difficult to
bring forward anything that is interesting, de.
pending on originality of thought. But truth is
truth, if it has been repeated a thousand times ;
therefore, I hope 1 shall be pardoned tor.quoting
pretty freely from others, at least when the dic
tates of humanity demand - it An eloquent
" writer says : " The frequent infliction of cruel
punishments inuresthe public mind to barbarities,
and destroys the advantage's intended to be reaped
from- the terror of example. People can become
habituated to spectacles of horror and feel no
. Vpangs at beholding' them." Is this theory on.
.4. supsorted by facts. N: The experience of the
presenf, proves its truth dive bark into the five
" hundred years of the past experience, and it proves
the same. . There is hardly a public journal that
freights to us the news of a public execution, but
what contains an account of crimes being com.
mitted under the very gallows where the feion is
& hanging.. , Let. us turn our eyes to England a
nation in the fulness of life and glory. From
there we imported our Penal Laws. There the
efficacy of severe corporal punishment, in deter-
ring crioac, has been fu-ly tested. .There, it is
true they have a more horrid catalogue of felonies
than we; but that, the more fully confirms the
' ground taken by the friends of a Penitcnttirv
that severe corporal punishments are not so
" ... effectual in preventing crime, as those of a mo e
- humane character proportionate to the grade of
the crime, wbich are calculated, to ehect a moral
-dominion over the mind." For if it is the severity
of corporal punishment that prevents trime, the
greater tho fc verity, the less the crime. One of
the, most experienced members of the British
"Parliament, in a speech before the House of
Commons, eloquently depicts the iuiDoiencv of
cruel corporal punishment?. He states express
Jy -that in the face of more than 200 capital
punishments, crimes that fall under them con
tinue to multiply." The criminal code of France
is less severe than that of England, and yet, with
more than double the population of Great Britain,
the number of her criminals is lee's. But there
. is another great evil in the accumulation of of
fences m England the laws are not executed.
The injured will not complain, witnesses will not
" appear grand juries will not find indictments,
petit juries will not convict, and if they doton
dt, the sentence is often rendered inoperative.
The 'same evil has existed for generations. -So
AroWul a list" said Sir William Blackstone,
iV'when' speaking of the penal statutes inflicting
- Iea:h -instead of diminishing, increases the
number of offenders. The injured through cora
4 passion will forbear to prosecute; juries "through
.compassion will sometimes forget their oaths, and
either acquit the guilty or mitigate the offence ;
and Judges through compassion, (not -venality.)
will Tespite one half the" convicts, and recommend
.them to the royal mercy,.'- In confirmation of
the foregoing, are names -not unknown to fame"
in-both. the United States and Great Britain;
..Binone these I will mention those of Franklin,
-.RifrVAdaif, Woodbury. Hale, Coke. Pitt, Fox,
-Erskintpanning, and Romilly.
-avwanua;' averts, "About the time of the
drench Revolution whipping was assailed as a
cruel punishment, the remnant of a barbarous
-go. , : oy uju ne not tell os farther that,
about the time of the
ffenius of libert?" funder tfio r ,u.
S real Lafayette.) raised her head and made the
a f sp0t,,m trembre throughout Europe.
Neither doe. he tell u. that atrocious crimes
ter,,eM wnt "I France under the reign of
ow of Bourbons for half a. century before
W rBut we knoWihistobethefacL And yet
he greatly moderated, the penal code, and is.
" B r v. puwer uer ine Kevolut
jnswer to thr fnidablg enligh-ened argument.
7 .,0..8ar b gamy and concubinaee
atd -K Z- ,u "e.time, SoK-moBV.-Bto
laiuong u,c. Remans" a creditor was
ion
purcu ,iw ovt-cwqeiming torrent of liccu
. . . uneovef the kingdom." "Sylvanus" says
- .-J-. p?.'r5 w " Afos' iimc, and SoL
- monr; - to it was amonsr the, Roman." t
alfowetf lo tell his debtor into sliwery beyond th
Tiber, and a father to kill his we and cnuarep.
He closes his scriptural argument,by saying, nhe
rod of reproof gives wisdom." - the rod tor the
fit. . Nh this reminds one cf the con-
enlent argument put in the mouth of -Gloster.'M
by Shakspeare.
" And thus I clothe my naked villany .
With old odd end stolen forth of Holy writ ;
And seenVa saint when most I play thi deviL
Sylvanus" says', -graduating punishment to
crimes is the most difficult, the most important,
and the most responsible act, that a legislator
has to perform. My object here is to correct an
error. It is ever insinuated by the friends of a
Penitentiary, that the graduating of punishments
under our present code is very difficult, but if
we had a Penitentiary, the difficulty would be
lessened. Can any one show how the difficul
ties would be diminishedl Is there a gradua
ting machine-, which will indicate the exact
quantity of Penitentiary punishment, adequate for
every shade and variation of crime, as the hands
of a clock show the hour and minute of the
day!" In answer to this conspirator of ' Syl
vanus," I will adopt part of the same query :
-Is there a graduating machine, wbich will indi
cate the exact quantify of whipping' adequate"
to make a thief an honest man, or - the quanti
ty" and depth of the brand on the cheek to reform
a felon! Does the old code" show - the ade
quate quantity," -as the hands of a clock show
the hour and'minute of the day !" "Then," he
says, it must depend, as it does under our pre
sent code., upon the imperfect and fallible judg
ment of man. 'Does the Penitentiary afford an
ample range for graduating!" To this, I an
swer, it does. Our present code has a stern, in
flexible punishment laid down for each crime :
this is inflicted pn all who arc guilty of the same
crime, without regard to the age, hardihood, or
penitence of the criminal. The Legislature has
given all the variety of graduation which it pos
sibly can under the penalties of gibbets, stripes,
and brands. Now, is it not apparent that the
only graduation these punishments admit of, is
as to -quantity" alone. But the Penitentiary
graduates not only the "quantity," but the qual
ity or degree ol intensity, which depends on the
grade ot the crime, the ago of the criminal, his
conduct after conviction, his degree of depravity
which is indicated by his obedience or disobe
dience, his hardihood or penitence. Under the
present code, we have not any of these unerring
evidences of the degrees of turpitude, j hey are
out of .our power; the record of conviction is
the only evidence. For the penalties of the law
is immediately carried into execution. The con
sequence is, the youth of fifteen who has only
stolen a knife, is doomed to the fame punishment
as the old hardened criminal, who has in the day
time broken into his neighbor's hout-e, and, stolen
five hundred dollars. Our present code merely
piiniphes the body ; while confinement in the Pen
itentiary punishes the mind crushes its obsti
nate and guilty principles, instead of the body.
Which of the modes is the best calculated to
reform convicts ! Can there bo a doubt! Con
victs, upon entering the cells of the Peniten
tiary, soon show to the manager their degrees of
depravity, by close attention to their conduct.
Those of confirmed hardihood can be put to the
hardest labor in solitary confinement, where he
can commune -with nothing but bis own con
science. The youth of fifteen who shows marks
of penitence, can be put at a lighter kind of labor,
and lessen the number of hours for work per day
he there has part of his time devoted to the re
ception of moral instruction ; and lessons of edu
cation and moral duties are imparted to him by
competent instructors, in order to instil into his
mind, those moral principles which poverty has
debarred, or parental care neglected. This is a
sample only of a class who" make up no small
number of our convicts.
Let us see whether this graduation is made in
our common jails. There, the old, the young, the
violent, the moderate, the disobedient, the obe
dient, the obdurate, the penitent, the high-way
robber and the stripling who has stolen a bushel
of fruit, the criminal outcast banished from other
climes, and our youth, are all indiscriminately
huddled together in one rude congregation, with
out badges of distinction, where the seeds of
vice are thickly sown, and moral disease con
tinually increasing. Their various degrees of
rurpituue become assimilated not from the
worst to the best ; but on the contrary, the de
pravity of the roost reckless becomes the stand
ard of- their morals. Now this is not the case in
Penitentiarits ; there' they have separate cells
for each convict, or a classification of them
The sagacious manager has abundant means of
drawing correct lines of separation between the
vicious and the superlatively vicious, with a de
partment of an intermediate grade. And these
divisions can be again divided and eub-divided,
to suit the age, disposition, obstinacy or peni
tence of the felons. Thus is moral contamina
tion prevented. Under strict and rigid regula.
tions each class have to perform their daily toils ;
by means of which, they acquire a settled occu
pation in lifei and a livelihood that will support
them afier their term of confinement expires,
without having recourse again to crime. Each
receive moral and educational instruction, suita
ble to their grade. Thus the juvenile convicts,
and the older, not confirmed in crime, are many
of them reclaimed. Is there any one who does
not believe that the Penitentiary affords an
ampler range for classifying convicts, and in
flicting mental and corporal punishment according
to the malignity of the crime, than our present
inflexible criminal code docs ! Thus vanishes
into air this pretext" of -Sylvanus," against "a
Penitentiary." Uoscoe.
WAR WITH MEXICO DECLARED !
Our readers will learn, nine-tenths of them
with well-founded alarm and dismay, that the
Congress of the United States have adopted the
War wiih the Republic of Mexico, in wbich the
President has, without their consent or authority,
involved the country; and that all the best inter
ests of this People are staked upon the hazard of
the die. We do not mean of course the hazard
of a fierce and bloody War with Mexico, though
that will io all probability bo found to be no
child's play ; but the imminent hazard of bringing
on a general War, by which, even in the heated
lmaginatU ns of thos who look upon War as sy
nonymous with Glory, We cannot expect to be
gainers, but inevitably and enormously losers , in
every sense, the entire destruction of our widely
extended commerce being among the smallest of
the items to be taken into the estimate.
But the loss far more to be deplored than the
highest aggregate of all such losses, is that to
which we find ourselves exposed by this addi
tjonal evidence of the feebleness of the Consti
tution of the United States, which has already
become a mere dead letter whenever it comes in
conflict with Executive power, or a party purpose
in Congress. .
This is not the tiro, however, to pursue with
tbe requisite calmness the train oj thought into
which the events of the two last days are calcu
lated to lead to us. The mischief is done: it
will now and henceforward he the business of
all good men who still retain an interert in public
-u-.r. , unite lueircounselsand their efforts
repair it. so far as repair of it be possible, ami
to
to
m,..ga;e the evl- bef. ra rs y every means yet
in their power, National InltUisencer.
Nto Orleans. Aav fl.
v hiimitd We learn that the Governor has is-
sued orders for a drmft,tid the enrollment of persons
liable to military duty will be commenced this morn
ing and continued to-morrow, when the drafting will
b, commenced. Any person, however, , who will
seud in a aabetitats to the recruiting officer will be
"exempted from draft. We are glad that the Governor
has resorted to thin step, aud can only regret that it
has not been doue before, and that the whole required
force are not now en route tor Point Isabel. We now
feel assured lhatpeedy relief will be afforded Gen.
Taylor.
The Oslkans Bovs. This company, under the
command of Captain C. S. Hunt, has beea mustered
into the service. of the United Slates, and is expected
to leave the barracks on Sunday for Point Isabel.
The company is chiefly composed of printers, lawyers,
clerks and merchants all young men of highly re
spectable families, who have sacriSced their business
and left locratiTe situations to rally to the rescue of
Gen. Taylor's little band, and to avenge the deaths
of Cross.'Thomton, Porter and Kane.
We should be glad to give the names of this com
pany in full, but it would encroach too far upon our
room. The following in a lift of officers C. S. Hunt,
Captain ; W. Davison Hennen, 1st Lieutenant ; Jas.
C. Parker, 2d Lieutenant ; W. B. Mumford, Orderly
Sergeant Ibid.
Voluntkebs roR Texas. We. learn from head
quarters that eight full companies, composed of from
65 to 75 men each, have. been duly enrolled and,
mustered into the Washington Regiment, Lieut. Col.
Walton commanding, and that they are now in the
barracks, aud will be drilled until Sunday, on which
day the whole regiment will probably get off. Ibid.
From Galveston. The steamship Telegraph,
Capt. Auld, arrived at an early hour yesterday
morning from Galveston, having left there on Sun
day, the 3d insL. The news she brought we did not
deem of sufficient interest to delay the publication
of our paper.
We regret to say, that the steamboat Monmouth
left Galvebtou for Brazos Santiago with only eiiteeu
volunteers on board. The people were awaiting fur
ther orders from the Governor before eurolling them
selves. The steamboat Col. Harney had not left
Galveston when the Telegraph sailed. Ibid.
MILITARY MOVEMENTS.
Orders were received at New York on Mon
day afternoon by Col. Bankhead, to dispatch fonr
companies of the second artillery, under his
command, immediately to the seat of war. They
are to be taken, one company from Fort Trum
bull, New London; one from Fort Hamilton;
one from Governor's Island; and one from Fort
Mifflin, Delaware river. Nat. Intel
From the Wilmington Commercial.
FAYETTEVILLE RIFLEMEN AHOY !
Mr. Editor ': Will you allow a military man
to enquire through your columns, what has be
come of patriotism of Captain Bajne and his
44 FayetteviJlo Rifllemen ! ' That Patriotism
uhicb vaunted itself 60 much when there was no
necessity for it, and caused them so bravely to
volunteer to go to Texa?, when they were not
needed? Have they not yet found out that we
are at wcr with Mexico? or realising this, has
their courage, like that of worthy 4 Bob Acres,"
all oozed out at their finger ends, now there is
need for it 7 or does their brave commander think
that he has done enough in assisting in annexing
Texas, and thus embroiling us in war, to exempt
himself and the company under his command
from any participation in its glories! and there
fore takes a back seat as the saying is, in order
to give those who are viilinj to make themselves
useful at the eleventh hour, a chance to do so. -Perhaps
he thinks it is the duty of the Whigs to
do the fighting ? Youn, O. S.
Gov. Graham, according to previous appoint
ment, addressed his fellow-citizens of this coun
ty, at the Court Honse on Saturday lasLr There
was a very large attendance of both Whigs aud
Democrats on the occasion, and we never saw an
audience more attentive and interested. The
fart is. Governor Graham's fine eloquence and
clear elucidation upon all subjects, together with
his commanding manner and appearance, and high
character, will always enchain the attention of
any assembly. He is emphatically the able
statesman, the pure, the honest, the disinterested
patriot. Whigs and Democrats, all who know
him, or his past public life, must concede to him
this high eulogy. There are Locofocos, we are
aware, wh wili concede nothing ; but before the
honest and candid of all parties, Governor Gra
ham, both in his private and public life, stands
unimpearhed and unimpeachable. The reputa
tion of the Governor has long been established
in the Eastern section of the Stale, for all the
qualities that make the perfect gentleman and
able and faithlul public rervant; but that repu
tation has been more than doubled since his re
rent visit, and all are now rpeaking more and
more in hi praise. As we have frequently heard
remarked lately, he is truly one of the old North's
purest diamonds
North Slate Whiz.
MANUFACTURES IN VIRGINIA. -It
is highly gratifying to see the spirit of man
ufacturing enterprise which is now springing up
in different sections of the Old Dominion ; and
especially in our town and neighborhood.- Be
sides the extensive Steam Factory of Ilcrndon
& Co., which is now partly in operation in this
town, one is about to be started at Falmouth, by
Mr. Green, an enterprising citizen of that place.
The immense boilers made by Watchman, Balti
more, passed through our streets the other day,
from which we infer that the steam will soon be
up, over the river. These things speak better
times and better prospects of and for the Ancient
Dominion Fredericksburg Recorder.
KF.XV ADVBRTISHSUtilVTS!
Attention Raleigh Guards!
ATTEND a Private Meeting of your Company
at City Hall, on Friday night at 8 o'clock
functual attendance is required as business of great
importance will be laid before the meeting.
By order the Captain, T. H. SNOW, O. S.
May 18, 1846. , 40
Supreme Court Reports,
BTFIHK Subscriber, having become Proprietor and
EsS Publisher of the Keports of tbe Supreme Court
of North-Carolina, respectfully informs the Mem
bers of the Bar, that tbe Number for December Term
1845, Is now ready for delivery. The late Pub
lisher, having kindly furuuheJ him with tbe Sub
scription list, this Number will be immediately sent
te all the former. Subscribers, by mail, and. should
any gentleman of the Profession, desire to have his
name added to the list, he will please advise the Sub.
scriber of his wish, and h shall be promptly attended
to WESTON R. GALES.
; May 16. 1846. ' 40
IMPORTANT NEW .WORK FOR SCHOOLS.
A Grammar of the Latin Lanf uage, by Prof. c.
U. Zorapi, with Notes and additions, by Utraa.
Ambon. L. L. D Professor of Greek and Latin in
Columbia College. This day received by
' 1B - H. D. TURNER,
M. 18- N. C. Book btore.
! The life of Gen. WINF1ELU SCOTT,
By Edward D. Mansfi.ld. Esq. of Cincinnati, Ohio,
Embellished with a Portrait on Steel, fonr splendid
wood Eograving, and six well executed Maps, de
scribing various Battle-fields in 1 volume, 12 mo.
Also, a few copies of a fine Lithograph of the Ge
neral this day received at the North Carolina Book
Si0J by H. D. TURNER.
May 19. - . - 40
V governor Graham.
1 "Governor Grahara, the WWg Candidate for re
election to the high office of Governor,: the du
ties of, which he has so atly and faithfully dis
ciiarged, addressed the people of ,Elizabeth,City
on Saturday last. May 2d, in a speech of conside
rable length, in which he diecussed with great
fairness the political questions of the day, and
defined his! own vie.ws and opinions thereon.
He was listened to wiih marked attention by a
large concourse of people of; both political parties
from town and country, and the ladies, too, were
there, advocating by their presence the true
Whig principles of the country. Governor Gra
ham spoke as a man deeply interested in the
welfare and prosperity of the whole people and
the whole State, and his remarks,1 we doubt not,
will produce a powerful impression in the Last
as the votes in August next will show-" :
In the nomination of a Candidate for Governor
by the Democratic party. Gov. Graham said the
Convention at Kaleigh took into consideration
national politics, and nothing was said upon the
records about State affairs. He was wholly ig
norant, from their proceedings, of any grounds of
complaint against him as Chief Magistrate ol tne
State, and it seemed the party was so absorbed
in other matters, as to have neglected to put
down their trwn State policy, either for the pres
ent or the-'jfuture. Objections, however, were
made against him before the people, as they
might best suit the prejudices of the various sec
tions of the State ; but upon their recoras no
thing had been eaid. In the first place, he was
objected to, because he voted against giving the
election of Governor to the neoDle. The most
eminent of the Democratic party- such as Ma
con, Daniel, and a host of others, as found upon
the journal, voted against the measure, and the
Governor was astonished that upon this ground,
they were willing to kill off such' distinguished
individuals to defeat eohumble a one as himself.
This trick does not takcAwell. r -;
In the contest with Michael-Hoke, Esq., a
gentleman for whom he entertained the highest
regard and esteem, the Governor at that time
was charged with being an Eastern man, and
this charge was preferred against him through
out the West ; now in the East, he finds his op
ponent, Mr, Shepard, arraigning him as a Westr
ern man, and in favor cf central and other inter
ests. In the1 West, no doubt, he will be charged
as the sole advocate of Eastern improvements
It did not answer, said Governor Graham, for the
Convention Which nominated his; opponent, to
speak of railroads upon their records tbe party
were too deeply committed in.jhis matter
Judge Strange Saunders, a candidate for Gov
ernor Henry, a candidate for Governor, and
Haywood, now Senator of the United States,
were all firm; advocates of these great works of
improvement, and they, with others, but im
bibed the spirit of the age; other; States were
making railroads and canals, and building, up
cities, and increasing the population and wealth
of the country, and it was time thought the
people of North Carolina, they should wake
from their slumber. . These railroads were pro
jected, and the leading men of Aofr paities sanc
tioned them, and if the State unfortunately should
become embarrassed, on account of its connection
with them, both parties are alike responsible.
The Governor still entertained hopes no embar
rassments would happen, and that the State will
make itself safe. But young politicians have
since sprung up, the Young Democracy," and
claim for themselves all the good that has been
done and none of the bad. Theyj look back to
the past, and ;if they find any thing which has
gone wrong, they are loud in saving if they had
been in the Legislature, they would have done
so and so they never would have voted such an
abominable measure ; they might have known
at the time how it would have turned out, &c.
&c. &c. It would be better for such men to say
to the people what they intend to do for them,
than to be picking out all the little faults of pub
lic men. Great fault has been fouud of him as
the Chief Magistrate of the State in the purchase
of the Raleigh railroad. He hoped he was pre
pared to explain this matter to the satisfaction of
all parties. The Legiulature of the State had
authorized the sale of the road and empowered
him to bid 8300.000 and interest thereon for it.
The Governor examined the road, and its appa
ratus, fixtures. &c. before the sale, and was sat
isfied the Road was worth this amount, and it
was well known that he would bid this sum on
the day of sale. He considered himself acting
for a liberal and generous people, who were wil
ling to do right, and on the -day of sale, he atten
ded, not Shylock-like, to buy an article for,what
it might bring under the necessity of the case,
but to buy at its value, and at the price the State
thought proper to give. He bid the amount au
thorized, and he has not since regretted the pur
chase. He was unwilling to compromise the
fairness, the honor and dignity of a great people,
and Shylock-like bid a few paltry cents for what
was worth the amount ordered to be given.- No
ol jeclion was made to the purchase the press
was silent upon the matter, and the Convention
which afterwards met to nominate an opponent
to him, made no mention of his having dishonor
ed the fair fame of the State. It did not answer
to speak of such things upon the record, but
would do very well to make a speech upon where
the matter is not well understood. The railroad
was purchased upon State account, and has since
January 1ft, been run accordingly, and the ac-
counts settled! up to April 1st, show the ear
nings $L?.00) and the expenses about half that
sum. So far the experiment has succeeded very
well, and the Governor was satisfied as to the pol
icy of the purchase. Something was said about
t he tax gatherer visitingthe East Governor Gra
ham would inform the people that before he would
come, he would endeavor to look tip tKe stock
holder., and see what he could do with them
he would try and touch the politician's pockets
before the people's. A train of works was now
in progress in South Carolina, which by the ex
tension he hoped would add vastly to the value
of this railroad, and increase the amount of travel
and profits. '
The contest and the campaign would be con
ducted in North Carolina upon national politics,
and what shall we have to dispute about ! The
Democrats have made great objections to giving
the widow of a deceased President Gen. Harri
son's. 825,000. -Buchanan and Walker, both
prominent men, and admirers and associates of
President Polk voted for the bill. iThe Whigs
were charged wth the Bankrupt Law, and the
Democrats had declared they would support no
man who voted for the measure. ' RobuJ. Walker
is made Secretary of the Treasury, nothwith
standingihe promises to the contrary. Mr. Polk,
in the South, was run as an anti-Tariff and free
trade man. He displaces Mr. Calhoun, a free
trade roan, and blaces Mr. Buchanan in his seat,
and now Mr. Polk occupies the Presidential Chair
with the Tariff on the right, and Bankruptcy on
his left. -- - T -
, The convention at Baltimore which nominated
James K. Polk for President, brought new issues
upon the people, and the Oregon op to 1844, was
not considered a political questions-Jefferson,
Madison and Monroe, illustrious patriots upon the
annals of their country's glory, were favorable to
its settlement upon the basis of the 49th. The'
convention which nominated Mr. Polk went for
the whole or none, 54 40. and the President was
declared mure American and patriotic than any
of his predecessors. The Wiiigs were denounced
they were favoring British interests were un
patriotic, and were committing the unhallowed
crime of giving away a portion of the Arneiican
soil. The offer-of settlement onon thp haaia nf
49 wan made by the newly elected t President,
which being rejected, that offer wae withdrawn,
and a claim was now set up to the whole or
none. Negotiations were ended and the country
was alarmed at the position of f he President, be
lieving that if such extreme claims were main
tained, it would necessarily lead to hostilities) be
tween the two countries. Mr. Haywood, Senator
from .North Carolina, and intimate in the Counci'e
of the Presldentvdeclares that the question .can
be settled upon the basis " of the. 49th and that the
President will come to such terms--Mr. Hanne
gan, another frierd of the" President, equally inti
mate with bis views, "says that if such are the
opinions of the President, he pronounces him a
traitor to his country, and will see him eternally
damned before he will support him. Mr. oik
stands pledged to the whole of Oregor--eleven
Senators alone supported the Baltimore creed of
the "whole or none'' and Oregon has proved
neither a convenient nor safe horse for the party.
- We now come to the Sub-Treasury- Law, a
bill orovidin? for the payment of all debts to the
government in eold and silver to be placed in
the hands of individuals and subject to the order
of the Treasury DeDartment. This scheme is
unwise, unsafe, and ruinous lo the interests of
the country, and at war with all industrious pur
suits. Where is the necessity for this untried
experiment? Money is now abundant through
out the country, exchanges are low, and every
thino- is doine: well and prosperous. The Governor
here followed out the disastrous consequences of
this bill in all its ramifications, if fully carried
out according to its provisions as passed by the
House of Representatives.
The Legislature of our State in 1842, com
posed of a majority of Democrats, were apparent
ly opposed to ail banks and banking institutions,
and their assaults upon these well managed in
stitutions in our State, were so abusive that the
Bank of the State surrendered its charter to the
Legislature, 'and was willing to go into liquida
tion. Yet this Democratic Legislature refused
to accept the charter, believing it inexpedient. My
opponent, Mr. Shepard. stood solitary - and alone
upon this question, and by his vote showed him
self a hard currency man. 'What but a sound
system of credit has made our country advance
with 'such unparallelled strides in population,
wealth and enterprise ? What has enabled the
enterprising" and industrious young man with fair
education and good morels to enter the business
world, and safely and successfully compete with
capitalists ? a sound system of credit by which
be was able to maintain his character and in
tegrity unimpaired, and to meet the success which
indus ry and enterprise will always bring. . - :
Depend upon it, the gold and silver currency
will bring us back to the dark ages of the world,
will lower produce, cripple business in all its
various channels, reduce the price of labor, and
bring ruin and distress upon the whole country.
If the Sub-Treasury proves good for the Govern
ment, it ought likewise to be so for the States,
and the Legislatures of the States will of course
adopt it, and collect from tbe people all its taxes
in gold and silver. It seems to me this would be
a matter of great difficulty with the Sheriffs of
the State to make such collections.
In electing a person to preside as Chief Magis
trate of the State; interest would lead you to
choose one calculated to get you out of embar
rassments should they unfortunely happen. Is
Mr. Shepard the man to do this ! Look to his
bill for the M Relief of the People" as reported by
him in the Legislature of our State you will find
it upon the Journal, and can examine it for your
selves: It authorizes the issue of bills to the
amount of $1,000,000 to be loaned, to the people
for a term of yea re, either with personal security
or mortgage. Then comes his amendments iu
which he provides that neither "he, she, or they,"
shall be compelled to take them ac money, and
then another amendment in which they shall not
circulate as money. What sort of relief could
such an issue of paper have afforded the people
which shall neither be taken by them nor cir
culated among them. I trust this . is not a fair
specimen of Mr. Shepard's great pretensions to
Statesmanship. Remember be was a hard cur-,
rency man, and remember too he was the author
of this famous bill for the issue of such worthless
paper trash. Old North Stale. ,
WILLIAM F. BASON, D. D, S.
Graduate of Baltimori College of Dental Surgery,
Would avail himself of this medium of commu
nicating to his friends and others, that be expects
to be in the Western part of the State during the
Summer. . f
N. B- Any information directed to Raleigh,
Hillsborough, or Mason Hall P. O. will be at
tended to the first opportunity. i
May 14, 14B. llll 39 6p
New Goods
FOR SPRING AND SUITITOER.
QTFEHE Subscriber, truly grateful for the eucouMge
Es;s ment he conunues to receive, most, respectfully
announces to the Public, that he bas just received
his SPRING AND SUMMER GOODS,
and invites ail who may be desirous of purchasing,
to look at his Stock before they boy, wbich. for
beauty, quality and cheapness, cannot be surpassed
in this market. It comprises- . ; j t j-
Black French and English Clotbs and Caseimeres;
Olack French Doe Skin; Black Figured Castiroeres ;
Fancy French Cassimeres; Black Drap'Eie ; Twill
ed Lma Cloihs and Fancy Tweeds, for Summer
Coats : Paris Silk and Satin Vestines; Rich Barathea
Shapes, While and Fancy Marseilles, Fancy Linen
LFnuings. White Satin Faced and Navy Drillings,
Checked Linen Coalings, Fancy Siik " and Satin
Cravats. Black and White Kid Gloves, Fancy Ties,
Self adjusting Stocks, Shirts and Hosiery, with all
necesry appendages for Gentlemen's wear.- f
Thee Goods will be disposed of uncommonly low
for Cash, and on as good terms to punctual custo
mers, hicb I consider the same. The selection be
iiigvaried, there is something that may suit all j, and
the stock I can confidently recommend, in all respects.
Gentlemen . furnishing tbeir own materials knay
rest assured, that they will be made in the best and
mot fashionable style. .
And I would here state, for the information of the
Public, that my prices for making garments of all de-j
scriptions is the same and no higher, than any reg
ular establishment in the place, though the contrary ,
has been represented. If there is any ditTerencetaking'
all things into consideration, I think my prices are the
least exorbitant, not only in manufacturing, but in
the prices of Garments generally, to' test which it is
only jiecessary to call and examine. " ' I
-Thankful for the encouragement be has heretofore
received, his future exertions will be to merit its con
tinuance. Orders from a distance will be thankful
ly received and punctually attended lo
N. B. Always on hand, an asaor.ment of
,f READY MADE CLOTHING, !.
made in my own bouse. . . ; f j'v ?
: The London and Paris Fashion just received, and
the reports monthly. T. R. FEN TU ESS,
. - . . ; .Faystteville Street'!
Raleigh. April 23, 1846 ,.f, ,,,33 6w J
The Subscriber intends continuing to
furnish the Raleigh Market4 with good
Beef, Mutton, Lamb, Ac during the
present year, at much lower prices than
No pains will be spared to give entire
heielolore. ,
satisfaction.
Liberal Cash prices will be Daid h th SnWriW
for good Beef, Mutton, Veal and Lamb, at all times
uunng uic ,ear, and tbose having to sell, will do well
to call on htm before selling. . - . ,
... 1 . VV. A. HARRISON.
Raleigh, AVil 8, 1846. 29 tf
Marketing
" ECCNOMV IS WEALTH."
New Fruits,
. Tr VCT S2
& C
riiHK nnnun utMnirn i. i. ......
end,
a iiiu cusiuiuric, m tue Viij 01 naieivh
iiy, her grateful l hanks for the liberal Ptronah
f tofore extended to her, and humbly begs ihem i
ticin.
her a call, before pun basing any article i
. -.ui in...
one m now receivmjr ner spring Supply uf t '
FRUITS and CONFECTIONARY, l of T
have been purchased far Cash, and will Ie eltj Ch -er
by the pound, than has ever before been off-J
this place, "Wq- " red
M v assortment of CAN D Yt cAmnnu. t
umiiuuu, v,cau4 rpicuuiiii, nose, ojf ji 1
late, acidulated Lemon drops,; and every u
I have constantly on band fresh CAKES
ry description and quality. !.
As the season is near at hand for ICR rpp , ,. i
I give notice, that I shall always keep t pleniifrt I
supply on hand. ' i V
lam prepared, at the shortest notice An farni,!, , f
quantity of ICE CKEAM, and FREIVCH CAKE? X
for Parties, in the verv best stvlel . 3 if
MA RON HARDIE
Raleigh, April 8, 1846 .. 29-6iw
EAGLE HOTEL
NO. 1371 WEST MAIN STj RICHMOND VA,
MRS. WM. C. CRUMP, (formeri, jr '
CAaissT9,of Kaleigh, K. hatinguu
the above Establishment, and famished, it,'in an
and comfortable style, for the accommodation
Boarders, by the day, month or year, and 4iransitn,
visiters, resjctfully solicits a liberal share of pairoiI
age from her frieuds and acquaintances, and the Pub
lie generally.
Richmond, Vs., March 1, 1846. 21 3m
" 'P. S. WJI. C. CRUMP, Dentit, hairt.
moved his Office to the Eagle Hott 1, where he cai at
all times be found, and ready to wait on all that m.T
wish to avail themselves of his Professional senicj
i ne mosi satisfactory reiererices cn lie given.
THEArONAL 1
Fire Insurance! Company
OF NEW YORK, J
Office No. 63. Wall Street,
Capital $150,000 all paid in, ,
WILL effect Insurance on Dwellings, Store,
andtother Buildings and on Furniture and
Merchandize, on tbe most favorable terms.
- r JOS W. SAVAGE, Prn'u
Wh. Jas. Boccs. Sec'r. f !
Applications for Insurance in Rah igh, or its view-1
ity, Will be made to tbe Subscriber j
- .'. D. W. STONE, Ant. :
January 1846. j 9-6n.w j
TATE of North Carolina Bmie t
County. In Equity March Teim, 1846.
John Kufnn s Executory
;: - -- r.' ' -
A l .1 nf mi , t r ..t-...
Aieiinuer . picnine anu joun u. Williams, a,
In this case, it appearing to ,the satirfacion of the -Court,
that John It. Williams," one of the defend-
ants; is not an inhabitant of this State : It is there- i
fore ordered, that publication be made in the Raleigh P
Register for six weeks for him to appear at ihe next
Term of said Court, to be held on the third Monday
of September next, in the Town of .Windsor, ami ' ,
plead, answer or demur, or judgment j?ro eonfato 'i
will be entered against him, and the cause heard tt
parte. -
Tete, L. 8. WEBB, C ME
Windsor, May T; 1846. f , 3S-6w
HARRIS' HOTEL,
CONCORD, WORTH J CAROLINA.
THE Subscriber baa the pleasure to inform hit
old frimds and customers, and the public gen
eral Iv, that he has recently purchased the targe
BRICK HOUSE, adjoining the North west cornet
of the Court House, in the Town of Concord, and
ha fitted it upin a fashionable and comfortable stjleu
a HOUSE for the accommodation of the public. Hh
bouse ha been thoroughly repaired bis 'rooms art
large and conveniently arranged; and his furniture it
entirely new. His Hostler is not surpass. d hj nj
int he State, a He flatters himself that from Vi loni
experience in tbe business, he is sbleao give satif
lion to all who may favor him with a call. Alii
aak is a fair trial.' - Call and judge for yourselves.
I ' " . . r KIAH P. A1t lilt.
Concord, N. C, Ma 13, 1845. 40
IMPORTANT SALE OF REAL ESTATt
, JTTRY V 1 RTUE of a Decree of the Court of Equity
LTD for the County of-Nash, made in the cast
Bennett Perry et al. ex partem, ordering ihesale of
the Real Estate of the-late Hxxar Perrt, drc'd.foi
Partition amongst his Heirs-at-law, I shall fell on the
premises, on' Monday, itlie 25th; day of May next,
that valuable ' -r . : -v
? ;:TRACT OF-JLAND,
"Lying in the County of Halifax, on the North aide of
Fishing Creek, 'containing about thirteen hundred
Acres,, adjoining tbe lands of Benjamin Johnson,
Samuel I. A r ring ton and James Carier Nicholson.
Also, on Tuesday, the 26th 'day of My next, I
shall sell on the premises, one other
V TRACT OF LAND.
3 1
Lying in the County of Nash, known as the Rerdr
Point Plantationcontaining about five hundrrd
Arrest "adjoining the lands of Willie Powrll, toi J
others. " ' "
Bonds with good and able sureties, payah'e rrit
two equal instalments at twelve and eighteen monthi,
with interest from tbe day of sale, wi'l be required,
B.iL BLOUNT, CM. E.
Nashville, N. C.,? . . '
April 6, 1846. j , Trf6 23-ts
" New Goods.
THE Subscriber has just received a fifek ir?
Of DMh v
. DRY GOODS; AND GROCERIES,
comprising nearly every thing usually kepi eitbrii"
a Dry Goods Store or Family tiroeery ; which baMg
been bought under his own inspection, be feels confi
dent that he can sell a low as any regular house m
the place. Among oibet things, be bas a firt 'lU i
article of Sugar-house Syrup,. Pine Apple Che,
May lard's best' Virginia Scotch- 8ff, also, Mrs. Mil
ler's Scotch Snuff, Pewdered Sugar, Loaf & CruM
Sugar, 4e. Ladies' fine dress and walking Shoe,
Misses Shoes, all qualms j Slippers, Uemlemrn
fine Calf Bootees, die MuUns. Camhrick. !'
Linen, Linen Cambric Handkerchiefs. Linen Drill
ings Paiasols and Paraeoletts, Cbks, blea'"
and unbleached Domestic, Canvass Padding. V
coes, of all qualities ; Nankeen, Tweed. Cletfc
Brown Linen, Colored , Cambric, . Bed Ticking;
f H is Goods mill be spld lo w for Cash, or on a short
credit to punctsal eastomere.
.f n-iVl WHITAKER.
( Raleigh, May 1, I84. J
KAL.EIGEI
Liverw Stable. '
rmHE SUBSCRIBER, grateful for the lib"J
II -encouragement received at his Eatablishn"
during tbe pest year, respectfully informs tbe puwic.
that be bas added to hie Stock a number ol
see. and additional Carriages. anbsUntiaL comfortai'1
and genteel, and wHI be prepared, at' ihe shortest no
tice, to furnish Passengers with conveyances to,
f'om.any part of the State. Also, Carriages furn'o
ed, with careful drivers, to convey individuals or
ilies to, Evening: parties, or for visiting calls. I,orv
will be kept by the day, week, month or year, tt pn
ces to suit the times. n
' J. G. M. BUFFAL0E.
O HORSE DROVERS will find, st
times, good accommdation, snd fine Lots.
Deember22; 1845. .
ioi
Cotifectionan
VI
1