North Carolina Newspapers

U- PUBLISHED WEEKLY BY ,.. . w trr DUNN, i " Editor and, Proprietor! --. ornnTYi invariaLlv iti TESi, for six month. ' ' . ' ' pVE" "j ve lines (Brevier; or m, , ,,, ire 01 "v- irnirtlJi'i. ... , L I with the riiam- ts for ach succeeding insertion. 'Aaa-rtrbe, they wil be cn-ti.-ueiSSswiU bo made with yearly adver- tisers- .'! Judicial tdvertisements will be , U JUi ., ..int. I THE ORGANIZATION. ,irAwledaement of that Almighty Be- the Universe, who presides over Ill; - rules uva iiS Councils of . nat ion we have ad- ine, and l0;.snr!cter Qf an independent nation has ilistinguiMK" -v , , TV cultivation and development a senti II l ne iw ;ntp.v?e -American feeling of EtSS d-M for the purer davt iU -"x-.;T;ai nvktence: of veneration for1 the hero- niir- iiiiw"-1 v auuu.w.v--- , ati0n; and ot emuia- n t km tion of the virtue, our Constitution and nrsi saw -rr- ( visions. maintainance of the union of these III.-Tlie tt -0 political good; or, U i-imary to " And hence: S Opposition to all attempts to weaken or sub- vert it, 21 U-:)3ompromi3nvT anua-uui rf c v,n oni1:inTor it. . i iryi ?n Ptfrv nrinci 3J Ta- advocacy of an equitable adjustment of ja. au-J , . , lLrAtpnpd its integrity ai i political ttinjronue wmvu - - - - r iftfrhe ysappres3ion of all tendencies to pohtical il So S on " geographical dnj.yg S onti b;e!ief that there is a real difejoi tsts ahd views between the various sections ot the The fullonoftht tm! States, as expressed, ana lufcion : arid a caw ul avoidance, uy """ . V lUL1 '. ... ,r :. ,;h, tho rr ffhts by le?is- by le - cm menu oi an julciicijog ktivc or executive action nf h lhtev ence wiui H y ObJdicnce to the Constitution oi taese um tidut's as the supreme ia(v of the land, sacredly obligatory' upon its parts and members ; and stead fctresistance to the spif it of innovation upon its principles, however specious the pretexts. Avowing that in all doubt or disputed points it may on;y be le gally avertainid auJ expounded by tue Judicial pow er of the Uiiitud States. And, as a corollary to the above : f . 1 1 A habit of reverential obedience to the laws, ' n-hcthcr National, State, or Municipal, until they are tithcr repealed or declared unconstitutional by the, proper authority. ; ' .2 A ten ler ' and sacred regard for. those acts of . .1 TT.. 1 .ctlitPamnnshin. which are to be dontra-distinguished t nf3 r nrriinnrv wklntmn. bv the fact of their '-- -.I-. liciii P " J , j.. . 6eing of the nature ot compacts ana agreements , ne andso.to be considered a h&n and setuca .national d . 1 - ' ( r w ... . . .. V A.' radical revision and modification 01 tne laws reflating immigration, and the settlement 011 .- luiraigrauts. uaenng to uie noaesi luimigiaui. nuu, from love of liberty or tired of oppression, seeks an asylum in the United States, a friendly reception and protection. Bat unqualifiedly condemning the trans mission to our shores, of fellons and paupers. VI. The essential modification the Naturalization Laws. T li3 repeal by the Legislatures of the respective States, ojrall State laws allowing foreigners not nat 'dralizc4o vote. . iv .. 1 1 . : : x T!irep3al, without retrocative operation, all acts I of 0ou:re33 making srrants of Jand to . . . i unnaturalized - . foreigners, and allowing them to vote in the Territo-' rkf. .. '.'.' VII.- lloitility to the corrupt means by wliich the leailjrs of party have hit.'nprto forced upon us our .urcrs and our political creeclo .. Iinplicable enmity against the prevalent dcmoraliz in x system of rewards, for political subserviency, and of punishments for' political independence. Disgust for the wild hunt after office which charT aetcrizes the age. ; These on the one hand. , Ou the other. 1 Imitation- of the practice of the - purer davs of , tie Republic; and admiration of the maxim that "office should seek the man, and not man, the office;? fitnf? for offi ia th rawntHr. t, . J the honesty of the incumbent or candidate. l,.,.,J f IU. : 1 j. . T -1 .1 1 .M . i ' Y II. Resistance . to the . aggressive policv and rupt tendencies of the Roman Catholic Church in -our country by the advancement to all political sta tions executive, legislative, judicial or diplomatic of those only who not lipid civil allegiance, directly or indirectly; to atay foreign power whether civil or -ecclesiastical and who are Americans by birth, edu cation and training .thusj fullfilling the maxim-,' " Americans dstx shall govern America." ' The protection of aJl citizens in the legal and pro- , jr uuic, . wie oiare, oy means of any special Com- mi.. 1 n ox.x i ' . . . . J : oination ol its members, or bv n. HiviaSpn nf civil allegiance with any foreign ; power, potentate, or "CCIOSliXStlC ' IX. The reformation nf fkn A ITDH nf Ann "Wo ' J . . "Jivw VjjV V1.j1Aj1. tioual Legislature, by elevating to the dignified and 'rftSnninaiKlo tinc?;tmn mnn c . , . I n 3 ZZlL110 Purer morals, and more unselfish patriotism. a. liie restriction of executi'vp. T.n.trf.nt(TPpa. pecially in the matter of appointments to office so far as it may be permitted by'the Constitution, and consistent with the public good.! . XL The education of the youth of our eountry in schools provided by the State ; which schools shall be common to all, without distinction of creed or mrtv. . ,ujr muucutB vi : a aenominational or partizan character. ; I And, inasmuch as Christianity by the Constitutions of near y aU the-States ; by the decisions of the most eminent judicial authorities ; and by the consent oi ami Iron trATYi onrt ir , i . . . 1 . ' we people ot American, is considered an element of! vu! (jiiuuua system; ana as the Holy "Bible is at once the source of Christidnity, and the depository ana tountain or all owu and rpli mrna F-ri-jJ- religious freedom. WP nrt pose every attempt to exclude it from the schools thus Mt'lMialin.l. : XU Cx-X ' ' ",uo V I I nil . . - . I AU ine American mrtv having anspn nnm DemocS SK? ? S pnino onJ :x j. ., 1 " ... o -u mc i ., , ----r-'w. v-uiiuui uc uciu iu a.uy manner re- sponsible tor the obnoxious act n- vinintifl nipji j.p either. And the systematic agitation of the Slavery question by those parties having elevated sectional tS-n'93 "mti lnterlere, for the purpose of giving peace to thecoun- iiy ana perpetuity to the Union. . And na po-;0, liMRkwn ;V ;m ':iZ: ?.CiFerience .. A .mjiuosiuic to reconcile opinions so ex tras as tnoaa which separate the disputants, and as ta re can be no dishonor in submitting to the laws ta3 National Council-has .A ittww . ' tee ot common justice and of future peace, to abide bv and maintain the existin m cuo Aiun5 laws upon the subject ot bje7sron1sS; SCttiemeDt f that . . -- "liuwi uuiy m avnw thmr A.ad rararJinT it. thp f,;t, j..x x. ... D3jr, uujji tiic.TjjllstltUUOn. to R ria oHtto xl. .. I xu . f"00"! UO subject o. Slavery in the States where it does or mav exist, or to excude any State from admission into the Union, because its constitution does or does not recosr nize'the institution of Slavery as a part of its social .i.ror than the iorejromg rates. lAjS, A--- rrnrni AND PRINCIPLES OF proper exercise of their civil and religious rights and waits till aftef der next kfout making time, an' den' of absolute:: impossibility should prevent Connecticut, 'S i to ierJ'-!,0 Iay again, Mike, when wUl Shake give me dat twen-" their Ki-'M- HMnois, ,f ioyment of his own religious opinions and "worship ty thou3and tollar office? Iq tw0 W Bare" he discharge "oftheir duties. ,. Like the - cen- Capada West, and a jealous resistance of all attempts by any sect! 'if you work for der barty.' Veil, I stop a'blowW tQmv tribunal of the hundredof Union Fairj uuwuiiuanuu ui ciiurcu 10 ootain an nsiPsmAmfa nvoT nut mini hp pn ofrin an' I hfnOT two vpara tor vears I opinions uPm a subject so-important, in distinct and uajqiiVQca terras, it is hereby declared as the sense nF th s National Cinnoil that n &"nse mi A mi ; ' - ' i " - - : .- ; " . - - : - - - - - - - - - . , . T s ' - , . - "" j " " ' 11 '!.'"; ' " " - . : . ,An American Policy for an American People. system ; and expressly pretermitting any expression of opinion upon the power of Congress to establish or prohibit Slavery in any ' Territory, it is the sense , of the National Council that Congress ought not to legislate upon he subject of Slavery within the Tf tories of the United States, and that any interference by Congress with Slavery as it exists in the District of Colnmbia, would be a violation of the spirit and intention of the compact by which the State of Mary- breach of.the National faith. XIII. The policy of the government of the United' States, in it3 relation with foreign governments, is to w; frr,m to cfMt ahH ri instil to , " -" ' w .. , toW.te.-W.tt. inter, XIV.-This National Council declares that all the principles oi me uruer buh uc ucirueiurwaiu even- where WnWowed ; and that each member shall be at liberty to make known the existence of the Urder, and tne tacc inat ne mmseii is a memDer ; ana it recommends that there can be no concealment of the places of meetinar of subordinate councile. ' , ' K B. BARTUETT, of Ky., rV President of National Convention O. H: DcsrttBfi, of New Jersey, ' v , Corresponding Secretary. Jas. M. Stephens, of Maryland, Recording Secretary. Yon Sweitzel on Politics. "Mine neighbor, Wilhelm. vot voii tirik of bolitics. hev ?" asked Pe- ter Von Slug, of his neighbor Von, Sweiteel, the . ........ . x . iweiitn ward jiiacusmitp, jast eremng,fl ne seated i himself beside him in a 'Bierhaus. 'I tints much, said Sweitzel, giving his pipe along whiff. . -. - - ' Vel, vot you tinks ?' ' I comes to der conclusion dat bolitics is one big fool.' . ; - Ah i' exelaimed Pet6, after taking a draught from his mug, 'how do jyou make him dat? Vel, mine Men' I tell you,' replied Sweiael, after a iw whitH and a drink. 1 rnmea to dish nlace ten 1 1 , years last evening by der Dutch Almanac, mit mien blaeksniit shop. I builds fine little house, I poots up mine beller3, I makes hilne fire, I beats mine iron, I Strikes mit mine hammer, I gets blenty of work in, and I makes mine moonish.' 'Dat is goot,' remarked Pete, at the same time de manding that the drained mugs be re-filled . 'I say dat I made much friends,' continued Wil- sweitzel bes a good man, he blows in der mormnsr. . m t . 1 .. . ... . . - . . I' - strikes m der night, and he mind his business .: So spraken tome aanv times, and it niake me feel - " I mUCn COOL nere. Slartin?r HIS Drea5.t. I , ' r 0 - , , ,k"r A was an aiieuuve listener. iv.ii .fwi.(.- me see, von vear I make tree Jioondred tollar..der ' ' j . ' - ' - - I next tree noondred an' htty der next four hoondred an' swonzy, and der. next hve hoondred tollar. Dat make five year. Vel, I bees here five year, when old Mike, der watchman, who bees such abad man, comes ftS.rjr!l. -i, , , .-, v r vim iu i w vim iii; i ivrr? iiim imi'hHr Mi v i. f it- km vii - - .-i---- , -vc ask him how. an' den he tells me to go into bojifics. an' get big office. I laugh at him, rven his tells me that Shake, der lawyer-vat makes such burty speeches about Faderland bes agin t5 run for Con gress, and dat Shake, der lawyer dells him to dell me, if I would go among der beepies and delf them" to vote mit him all der while, he would put me into von Dig omce, wnere l mates twenty tousand touars a year TwtmfV trtriSsTfii 1 tTiinf Cl'ni' frpmeA Pptp tlmn- 3. " ' UCi - . Yaw.inty tousand. Well.by ;shinks I shiist : x o,l c jh.i u j x i.i iiiiiii. i iiia. mi i-iiinnr. .imnir; iir.'v 1:11.1.1111 1.1 1 jb-n,.; : i . r- - ' I Here Mynheer Von Sweitzel stopped, trok a.long draught of beer, and fixing his eyesdn the floor, puffed ma pipe as it m deep thought. 'VeU, mine neighbor,' said Pete, afto length, of time for him to resume, 'vat you do, den, hey?' 'Veil, I ask Mike, der swellhead watchman, for der ofUce, an' he dells me I' gets him der next yeaf. I for vftara for ,pf h, m.t m?nA h.nnt J- . , .- . . . v. . -r . 1' lr,, v-v-. v mii. .j-. .2T.J AntAnidh. I ment. Yaw, two year. Den again I tro to Mike, der swellhead watchman, an' dell him der twenty fousand . . .. - ! tolIar about' an ne dells me one more year l gets him Riirp T t.inVa Iip. fonln mp.. vpt. T blow for de bar- x' ii- - x : io - - ww -'w-jf- iy aiuuauer year, an uenj vat you aiimsi .. 4. ... 'Dinks!. Vy, yon gets him twenty tonsand tollar?' Gets himT Py shiiiksy Mike, der swellhead watch- mau, dells melbes von big fool, an dat I might go u ua uu uiwx, au cab sour muui. r jj km 1. 1 , x 1 X Bedell you dat?' Yaw. Sure as my name bea Von Sweitzel.' After yon do der blowing mit you mout for d8r barty?' Yafv 'Mine Got! vatyou do den, mine neighbor?' 1 makes afire in mine blacksmit shop, I blows mine own bellers again, I heats mine own iron, and strkes J j.xl mit mine own hammpr. I sav to miuselt Wilhelm" . - .. , ' ' . . . Von Swolt-oi KKt;, k v,nmVmr nnrl bnhticians a bigger von. Wilhelm Von S weitzfel, do yer own ..wi.j, uuiiuvo us ui uxuw-D, ;. ui -, . . .... . -. i n blwing and let bohticians do dera 1 Neighbor Pete thought he had come to a wise con- fusion, and after wishing all sorts of bad luck to ptA- iticians' thatof men whose patriotism and -fii- tagrity lies in their pocket, they orXred their mugs to agam refiIled. and changed the topic of conversa- tiOn, H -H.M.-A writer; tathe pnq.e (bA i riOunc mdulsres m the followin? rhansodv over a certsn dancing girl in that village, named Sallie St Clair .."Her voluptuous form to the fittest setting for her ouui. ius uirauuii uuivera uuwn iter buow- mh to . , n.. ... -L f wrestles in her shivering knees, and shudders in every "" ttiius, ana xremDies on ner nnirer enas : nassion ttUul ana looms up in every pantomme. a . . . i Jan win stay ior a convenient season, ana will bend a little rather than be torn no by the roots. .Faithfulness in outy inspires cheerfulnes of spirit. I - J V T-- p. la j. : m - The ADroacb'llT Pair. xn our: oepiemoer number, We mYOHea public attention to "the STATE FAIR, to i- ri' .i iAt, e commence in this Cityr on the 16th of the the contribnUons, petsonal attendance, in- crease of membership of the State Agncul- luiui uuuciy, auu suupui t ui every puuu nJA il- v. J.l ' iuc These occasions are interesting, instruct tive and profitable to the DeoDle of the i 1 v hole State, in proportion to their intel- ligence, liberality and patriotism. . They uimg togetner me enierprising spirits -oi tne iauu, auu present io too auminng in- cpeutiuu uie sueetutorss a uunoeutrauon of the choice fruits of agricultural and me u : i : j..' i j n i t: TiTi i uauiucu iifuustry, m an its urauexies. vv nai a, wiue auu interesting neia is nere presen,tf eu,iui public spinteu men to come lorwara 1 ..L-l-- Z 1 I A X" 1 I uuu eviuee uy woru ana aeea, tneir zeaiana readiness to contr-ibute to the march of im- . I . i ( , i .. ii 'il -. . -i i i - t 1 proyemeni, nrsi oi.aii, wmcn nas commencea in our agricultural pursuits, and secondly. be without profit, if not attended with ab in all the arts, trades and interests of our solute loss. Ifit i3 found necessary, to have beloved State. Let, then,' every one who W yv-Wvri wii asaJ.it .nnnllv caDf COme to the Fair, and let all Who come. . . . .lit .1 - si 11 1 . - n I opTiinrpn tiv r ia nonh a nrnppr. nt npniiir. t j w-.v. v,-,. -.j. ing and imparting information. Every one wno contyioutes, 11 it dc dui a single sam- pleof an improved variety of fruit or grain, or implement or tool, will ao tins. Ana meetings of the State Society should be held at suitable intervals during the exhibition: ' , I - . ... ? , at wmcn succinct statements snouia oe maue 111 1 nu nrnirrnoa nnn may ri 1 m 1 m Trn r u- w "" iTelv,M vt w menus i tue umerent sections oi uie oiate. t jP it- JiiSP -x l-.jj.il J? xl. Ci. J.-. The peculiar products, advantages and dis- J. 1 U oHirontoiroo Hitrionlfioo onrl nronto j-.t fraih ."yo, .uiu,uiMU. varying section snoulct be maae Known: 1 : i -1. 1 1 1 uapenmenia ana results snouiu oe given: And Plans for future individual and State jr. - x am a 4- jtv-i .- Vjf-v1 II V.. Xl'irrrkMVr -i r- rl uPcia,'1"p uuiuiv BuggcoLcu. cn ligent ana enterprising mem oer oi tne ooci- tv, at leastshould come prepared to con- tribute somethinir in this waV to the srene- Writeit out before V0U leave home, upon consulta- ,m x. .Ati v uu" wlUi, VUU1 Mciguwi s ,wwi m "y delivered betore the feociety, and be sent to the press. And,it anythinsr should occur to prevent it from coming before the Socie- ty, send t, for publication, to the Arator. We assure all, that the plainest ana most unpretending, who have .useful informatiori to impar, win oe nearu wiiu as uuu res- j. J X ?11 1 . 1 J JxV J.W noot oc Viq mrioV rite tirA.nisl.prl Snrb TYrn- r--"- ceedings, published, ana scatterea over tne gtate we verily believe, .yM greatly, ftc-' celerate the work ,ot improvement: ana we 1 , f 1 j - respectiuuv can tne attexjuyz ui iw j -Il .H xl. - " xx Xlu . 1 Jl Cii.j ie otate toociety to tne SUDject. j The Judges who hare been appointed to a w'athe premiums on the occasion, have State Agricultural Shorn fbribSj i q ..Ii ifap1f nl jpTOflj the fate of the institution itself will depend in a grett the fidelity and justness of theif decisions.' Nothing short the Carthaffenians, they, were selected on :. ' . u and re- H .1 .1 .111111 Ii III . LlllVvlX uUUV 1 Vx A VKr nuired to act without any salary or reward: h eino-lfi mntive of the uubhc eooa beinsN -... . . . ... . thono-ht 'a "tie sufficient to engage honest and m-pn tn a,onScientious and faithful j I . . . t . . i .i ji i ' I 1 " 1 J. I . ,J amjI 1 - jT T ri " rTTT I UioiUaie. ui -"ij J r - . ,! -n t, n ;uugea yi hj-u-cuu x6Jtv, x-i the blind image,; or emblem of truth and irhpartiality, at least in their hearts, and I -i 1 1 i T jL. . I ii.ii . thai . tt rrl rr We nave more to say, but from weakness and exhaustion, caused by severe sickness, we can 'bold the pen no longer. hope the Press of the State, generally, will take ut) the Subject, and keep it betore the peo- 1 i pie Aralor. Waste of Liquid Manures. The proper cdnstruction and location of barn-yards is a subject entitled to most re- specttul consiaeratioun - U1V '-.Hrr are liqUiaSUOWlUg ii uiu mauai xivuijo Tiable?" were seriously submitted to thefaf- irenf ihtk eountrv.it would provoke a smile of derisiob. thit any one6f c.njj.non sense Ulul uw , a would propound so simple a qnery, .ana nf the fact that this liquid is comprised of steaa ot using tne p- f"Wr: ot the taci w o aluale fertil. takes ah' offshoSt 6f any fruit :tree an-ap-a large portion of the most valuable term , fi-and rilants it in'apo- ino-rpdients ot wie manure neap irom izmg lngieaients ui h . 4,,w!:asr r, to consiaer it wuuu Cix . - , . i.: - w T,at7 hPPn IpH tn fr.rtm utter waste. ....... r w" " - n-t fmm having had very fre- I oent jopportuiufe dun the past two W; months of observing the reckless indifier ence manifested by very many farmers in the construction and . location of their barn-yards. Indeed it appeared to us7 that it4had been the fixed design of the owners to aftbrd the most complete escape for all the liquids frori their barn-yards they could not have accomplished it more effectually It is almost impossible to conceive of a more complete disregard of true economy. Z 1,1, " fr0m his barn-yard to the nearest rivulet, un v.0 iH v: ' Lt - b6 l03t t0 hlDl forever or running kl ong the road ,side rendering it unpleasant to to comDlain if his crocs are less abundant uiu mo ueiuuura. iiur biiouiu ii ue a, matter of SUrnrisft t.n Km ;.,fikfW hino- applied the same quantity of Unureplow- ed ag aeepIV) pulverized as thproughly, and in every'other respect givenjhis crop" the H1Tnp- rttwtinn tbn Wlrl c fll eWt of his "who does not permit the washing raing tQ exhaust the most valuable portion 0f njg manure heap T, shonld hfi a rardinal nrinrfnlfi with everv farmer to economize his manures. tt ; aa t,;d I onA vjijyjix lb uuiuu.o 11 10 cuuijLOO. uuu nivuuub r i ' . - u hia labors muSt to a verv treat', extent iQ. Ua r u . v.. . . . r ij.i. - i - t . n . - .1 . . ..r . -i. ieCTea DV a waii. or omer arranp-ement ov whicn the escape of liquid manure may be prevented. It is almost equally important to have a spout to convey tile rain water from the roof of the barn in some other direction than directly through' the barn -j t. : i. a jmu. uwiiWu8uru.i0 muuo ohmiM Ka pYnnoH tn .Hp mm whifh 1 1 1 i 1 - a a i i - 1 j Ian , Girecny upon it, witnout aaain to it ' . " . ' . the droppings, from the root; 01 the barn TP o...vk imTjrAv.lont fnrniovo toto tn UaM I JLi OUjjU liltLl V I JUVJ11U lUlLUljjl D IIVIW lV UVUUJU .i . i i c ,i . - j...-.! ine actual vaiue 01 tne iertinzing material thus lost rolliho-from their purses in the .... .1 saape 0f dollars and cents, how enerareti caUy wouid they labor to present thewaste? I mi -i T i "I t ' " 1 rne 103S 01 a single little goiq OQiiarwouia stir them up to greater activity than- the direct waste of a. hundredtirnes'that little rrAlA UlWe r,lfcf:fim; nf lim.iH manure. Your a&rveWSneiHybutStea,l- lv tbp rnlrlpn streams are flowine- from their jvuw w. v w- w -- m j - V ! ., purses. xl;tnemoi ;tneir-rror, ana xney acknowledge it, but raf elv does it happen tl.nt..hPino- reminded of it in a friendlv man nerthey make a single effort to correct it Lg0'w many are ; there, who after a life time f stpadv nnremittinff toil, find themselves n0 richer in lands or money than when they -.J'' . .! . foe2raru They cannot explain tne reason. I rlr. - T lJ x ;.n.i mtY Utucr w8uavC Cu duvu results, but if the drain of liquid manures from their barncyards had jbeen checked wilftn thev bearan farminsr. very many of nf tbp nnsneeessfnl ones would have been - tg ' 1 I . I n 1 f as.prosperous as their more provideiit neigh- .- - i hors. Progressive Farmer. NAMES. WHERE. HELD. Nashville J LATE Tennesse, Oct. 16 New York, Elmtra . . Hartford . ..' Chicago, Coburg, t Henderson.N C i: 25 911 912 912 1012 1019 17-19 . 2325 29 30 Aratin North Carolina, Raleigh, Indiana, inaianapoiiaj East Tennessee, .London, , J t -. r m i . . ti.u: Maryiana,. caiumuie, Vjrgln . .Jkiehmona, K ATSTT.fl nilfiAK . J31Ja. JOC1UK uwusw : - . w. from necessity, ratner man cnoiue, tu xaiac eetg upon a cay son . I obviate the' difficul- u bv spreading, on a heavy' coat of barn- 1 . . . . , l tne ter I hauled on' about thirty loadg of woocig mijck. In, the spring I plow d ad thorotlSxilv mix the soil, manure and muWwith a harrow. It! then make the drills with the corn-maker, and sow the seed by hand. " Thus, treated, the yield from an acre is almost incredible, and stores the barn-cellar with an invaluable food for all kinds of stock. No well regulated farm hs without that amount of ground in beets; and when fitted in this way, the yield. is 1 more tnan aouuie uio uuui. i w iiou tuiuvaicu iu -u y , . , Rural New Yorker. ,iJkSSfe8 , ?, p " "'"t - , , . , , lli0,a,efullv. placed in the soil,- it swr shoot shau tm intti..tVA ne aoove tne kiuuuu. ; . ..t -l-tit A A. roots, grows Witn rapiuitj , the finest of fruit.-Me. amer. V era 1 i 'Ibem the Natknai htidKgeucer. Truth ts. Cdnscioiisness and Mental Phi losophy.. V If we Wish to ascertain the proper tribunal to which man is to resort in order to know, we ought carefully to trace the relations subsisting between the things to be known and consciousness and mental philosophy. Upon this question there are two parties . in the philosophical world. I presume to make a third. German writers hold that we should rely .upon mental philosophy in order to know, and therefore should profess to believe nothing which we cannot prove by mental phylosophy to be true. It were irrational, say they, to rely upon any thing else than reasons. English writers rely in addition upon the philosophy ot common sense, lhey say common sense - teaches some things to be true which cannot be proven to be true by reasons. This common sense is the concur rence of the general consciousness. . Now, I hold if we desire to know, we are to apply to truth itself. Truth is the test of truth; But I de fine man differently from these other two parties. I define him to be a being of motion .primarily, and secondarily as inherently capable of apprehending and contrasting truths or reasons. Hence I regard him as a truth-acquiring, and therefore not as a reasonable being. Hence with .me he never can cease to be truth-acquiring, but he may cease to be reasonable, and be sometimes a very unreasonable being ; that is to say. even while he retains his natural faculties. In this paper I design to contrast two of these theories. Sir William Hamilton says "the end of philosophy is truth,' Would it not be just as proper1 to say the end of truth is philosophy ? Certainly it would, if nothing can be true which is unphilo&ophical. Phi losophy if untrue is not philosophical, unless falsehood and imposture can be philosophy. But he continues, "and consciousness is the instrument and criterion of its. application." Now, philosophy, (truth ?) in looking -for truth, must nbt pronounce any opinion of its own, but must appjy to a criterion and instrument, the general com mon sense. If philosophy be truth, and if error be not philosophical, then according to this we are to turn away our attantion from truth, whose end is truth, in order to apply to the general common sense for the purpose of arriving at the truth. In my judgement this plainly reverses the arrangemeut of nature. I prefer directing the common sense to much higher tribunal. I am not willing to make any human faculty the standard of right. I conduct my education upon very different principles. If any doubtfal proposition be presented to me I consult what? My consciousrjessjI do not. JL think fls (the ego about me) nave just Its much , sense as my commorrtense or consciousness ; and unless it hap pened to think as I thought. I should be very apt to defer to my own thinking, rather than to the con trary utteice of my consciousness. IS a doubtful proposition be presented to me the very first thing I do is to consult other truths, (reasons are truths,) and introduce the stranger to them, and see whether they harmonize or not. . Bui; what . does Sir William do ? He consults the general sense of men ! He consults conciousness as the criterion of truth and the instrument of its application. He and M. Cousin both say they can "remount no higher." But can they not, '.-,.-" I regard God as the author of truth, and I think so beeause truth has an eternal existence. ; In other words, it exists, is a thing existing, existing distinct from and independent of ; any faculty man possesses ; so that the destruction of the general consciousness does not work the destruction of truth, . But destroy the thinker and you destrbyjhis thoughts, Unless they be true. False thoughts have a temporal origin ; but true thoughts, by whatever thinker entertained, do not die with him. And why? Because, they exist. They are ; they live ; they are vital ; they originated with the ever-exi3ting and consistent author of them, and cannot terminate, because he cannot terminate. But every thing originating with man must terminate with its author's death. Error and false opinions must therefore be transient and non-essential. They perish with time. Now, when a doubtful , truth is, presented to me, the very first application I make is to truth ; or, in other words, I think ; or, in other words, I reason. Why do I do this? The why is very obvious. Thi3 is ajso what I tell my child to do : listen to reason. God is the author of truth, and hence, since I regard him as a being of infinite goodness, I take it for gran ted that all. truth which is in reality such came from him in' harmonious agroement. I. try this doubtful truth With other truths in order tp find this agreement. If they afgee, I give it efitertainment ; if they disagree, I reject it ; I call it counterfeit ; I regard it as base coin : I assign its origin to man. I do not,, as you perceive, consult my consciousness, or any tbjngUHM- r . . . . e v xv:i. in me; 1 look without I may inquire 01 uiuci imim- ers, but ior wnat purpose: xu uma - u my search for the agreement. What agreement? I he agreement with mental phiiosopny ana numaa cuu sciousness, or either? Far, far from it. : .1 appeal to a higher tribunal. ' " i . .'..''" "Consciousness," says Sir William, "is to- be pre sumed" trustworthy until proved to be mendacious." What ! that thing which "immediately reveals truth, which is the 'tritefion of truth that thing -"beyond which" M- Cousin carmot go in "pursuit of truth ; tW thing which Moreil calls the "trnth-organ": in man. that is io the habit occasionally of being men dacious, is to be presumed pot to lie until the lie ; is prof ed tfpba it I Just the reverse is the national pre- - ' j ' I. ij. 3 311- vr tvnnneuvoA sumption wnen u ijujrcgu-ua gouw-u; j,-. opinions. The. tribunal to which l appeal is never mendacious. Bat Sir William says, "the possibility of philosophy snjsiposM corMcioua' ness." WiU the rea-ter ponder well over this grave declaration? . , .' ;-.v: . -.' What does it'declare? It says in effect that God cannot make troth exist if there were no human beings to know it, '' Destroy man, and truth is an impossfe bilirj -to aware, is a faculty of man. He makes the existence of troth, then, coequal with the existence of falsehoods. When we suppose philosophy' to be possible, we also at the same time ! nece453arily, suppose the existence of absolnte truth faadties, in men! He discards from the category of 1he true Whatever the absolute truth-faculties in men declare no. to be true.' This is Schelling all over, i--'j; . ' j. j. - - . a - . . . the master akeptic-of Germany, the author of a sys tem that Moreil says ia to' transmit his "name down the strearn 6f time to the latest posterity." It is the heart "an3 soul 5 of German transcendentalism. Geraiatt7 writers say truth cannot exist, because we i. . . ii i i i ri7l THE liiW OP NEWSPAPERS. 1. Subsuribera who do not give xpre notice to th mtTar- .n n.-i-nciHe-p.T vm'tiSinrr tjf mn tintie their SU0 , a . . . ' . ... . ' 2. Iftheiubscribera order the discontinuance of their papers, the publishers may continue to send them till all cash charges are paid. 1 " ' , 8. If Burjgcribers neglect or refuse to take their pa r XI k.'.L XI il x.J tk-a.x jjsiii xiuxu um viiiwc ihj niuui wicjr RTcaircCtcu, uie; .w held responsible tuitill they have settled their bill, and ordered their paper discontinued. . 4. If subscribers remove to other place's without in forming the publisher, and the paper . is sent - to . the former direction, they are held responsible. - ft ThP rYuirts ISrurfi Aec(&ft that TpfnaiTifl' tn ! tjilr a paper or periodical from the office, 5f removing and paving it uncalled for, is "prima facie": evidence of intentional fraud. : . . - ... , .-. . ? , ... . ' " . ' r . ' ! " cannot know that it exists, and therefore they contend ; it is not rational to 1 credit its existence. In ' my 4 judgment Sir William here surrenders the very turn- inor.TiniTit lipt-ppii relioion and infideJitv. . ... . ... In my opinion, nothing can. b, plainer than that, if ' truth exists at 'all in relation to man, it must exist for , ;x x L. A J x. -;-r.w.-x--J. niS Uac ) jniLab uc ounjiucvt w xiio vuvuxueuunxBi No thing can be plainer t.han that, if truth does not exist in relation to man, we can make no application of it or to it. Does this not show that the whole de bate between Religion and i Pyrrhonism turna upon the existence of, truth or reasons in tne moral or x: 1 .it x x f XTx,-. i jiLiouai ufpiu tiucuij oi iiiiuici , . , . . . If truth exists, then, that is the very highest tribu nal to which beings capable of being rational should resort to settle questions of doubtful truth. "It"Woukl be better, I admit, to apply to the originator of truth ; but that ia now impossible.. Now, .what attitude does infidelity occupy with rpsnpet. to thp pvistpnop nf ' trnth ? "With irhut rtro-' pnety can it deny its existence 7 .Let me examine this question a moment. ' If truth exist, then, of course, it must be either a cause or an effect. If it be either, its existence must be a truth. ! ." Now, if Pyrrhonism pioceeds to say truth does not exist, it assumes to assert a true proposition ; for it must oe a trutn that the thing in question has no. existence, or it would not aUirm it. Thus is inhdelity defeated ab initio. The mouth of the infidel is shut If he opens it Ions enough to state his proposition , he involves himself in a , fiat contradiction. Does ho not admit a reason to exist when he proceeds to say there is no truth in Nature, no truth in moral philos- "iv 4 ,. ta,i",j' m uoes. xie amrms nis own proposition to be the truth ; he relies upon it as an existence. ' Now, the truth,- and the existence of the truth, are, different things Existence must mean somethingor nothing ,If it mean some thing, then when the infidel affirms, he affirms the existence- of his true proposition ; br,; in .o'ther words, affirms the existence of truth or a thing; If skeptics do not ...T.V. x 1, .? j J 1 j. ii i i man io uc miuerswuu as matting a iooi s lying amr mation they must admit that it is their purpose to utter the truth when they utter the opinion that mat- ter has no existence : that truth does not exist. I will return to this point again in a moment. Now, ! can a true opinion exist without a basis id existing truth ? I answer, no. Sir William Hamilton identifies the me in man with the,; "conscious mind," and also makes conscious ness the criterion of truth. This system is infirm, be cause it is uselessly complex, if not contradictory. If the mind be conscious, then consciousness must either be the conscious mind, or it must be a faculty, distinct from the conscious mind.,- If the' mind be conscious, then another" distinct facility to do the . work of con sciousness is supernumerary,..!,1 ; Every philosophical historian is acquainted with, the Latin maxim given by Locke, in a letter written . to Leibnitz, and his reply in an extended form: "Ni hil est in intellectu quod non priu3 in sensu." This is the cardinal principle or . the philosophy cf Locke. Nothing is in the mind that had not pre- i 1 i xl" L" X ...11... J J" T ji viousiy oeen uie suojeevmauer oi sensation. in oin er words, sensation transfers ideas to the mind ; we get our ideas of truth from sensation. This is his sensatioiiaUphilosophy. How can truth, then, be external to us or exist f. But Leibnitz, in reply, ad ded to it ; he. said : Nihil est in intellectu quod non prhi3 in ; sensu, nisi intellect us ipse." That is to say, sensation does npt put the intellect into the mind if it nuts ideas there. But the whole difficulty thatob- structed the philosophical acufiien of these distini guished men arose from a misconception of the rela tion subsisting between man, his intellect, and the truth. 1 They assume that man has an intellect, where as he only has a natural capacity to apprehend truths I or reasons that are outside ot him. Mmd indicates the matured state of man's natural capacity to reason Mind is an: acquired condition. Rationality is an acquired state, resulting from the acquisition of rea 'son3 and thp natural capacity to employ them ration ally. No human being is born with, reasons already acquired. . Hence,; if rationality be the product of reasons, we are not born rational,1 but born with a capacity to be rational, in virtue of our capacity to acquire that which will alone enable us to be so. We cao, therefore, act either rationally or otherwise, because. we act from original ability, and cannot not . act. Action follows naturally, and therefore neces-" sarily. j It is a manifestation we are unable to avoid The freedom of the will is now very obvious. But, with the apposite principles of Sir William Hamilton, I am not at all surprised to hear him confess that he is "unable speculatively to comprehend how the will can be free in God or man." But let me return to the skeptic, the believer in :. materialism; and the idealist. . . If the doubter affirm that truths or reasons (the things thatJ make men reasonable) have no existence that is, are not i the basis of true ideas he must either state a truth or its oppositei , There is no other alternative With regard to his declaration, he has' to take one or the other horrt of this dilemma. If he affirm his declaration to be true, then he admits its existence. This were to surrender the question.-- , If he admits the existence of truth, and acts upon the supposition of its non existence, he acts irrattontdly. This is the strait to wich Pyrrhonism is reduced. We must bear in mind that, although the proof of the existence of matter is 'dependent upon the exis tence of truth, by which its existence is only provable, according to my theory, we are not to, suppose that the existence of truth is dependent upon truth, but that truth depends upon existence for its reality.; For example: all our mental and moral truths I bold' to have originated with God. .These -truths, then, have a cause. If,thcy have a cause, they must be effects; They must derive their existence from an antecedent existence. Hence the must depend for their existence upon another eiistence as the cause of their existence and the source of their organization.- I.--' ' II... !, ' : t , ,.- ... No what is truth ? Can any question be more interesting ? If we cannot iell what truth is, we can declare a truth, have an idea of truth. For example : it is my opinion that matter is external to me, or that God is the creator of it. I call these opinions truths. Now, can I describe these truths ? All that I know of truth is that it exists as the basis of my opinion. If that were removed, my opinion would be a He. This shows my dependence upon it. Now, 1 can see its utility and office, yet I cannot, tell what it is precisely. It is. I know, a right, and therefore safe, rule of human opinion and conduct. The existence of matter is also dependent cpon the existence or troth, as much so as our ideas, s Pilate once had the opportunity of knowing; what troth, is and asked, but, as Lord Bacon says, would not stay for an an swer.'f. Jow, when dhrist said "I am the trothtH he only used other -wofde to rohvey the idea not ' only that he was tbecanse of the existence of matter," bat the original source of the role of right human conduct now, and the original source of right human, opinions now.! -These propositions either stand Qr. fall - togeth er. The rqaa to knowledge is now plain. It is nar row, I admit, hut the man, though a . fool, need not err therein. ,-; '?! -- : v . - Lord Bacon says the "inquiry of truth is the love making or wooing -of it ; theJinowledge of truth is the presence of it f and the'belief of truth is. the en joying of it ;" and these united are "the' sovereign good of human nature." "Certainly, it is heaven up on earth to have a man's mind move' in charity,' rest OU X IO V IUt-XJ VC, UUU lull UIJVU xxm injJ3 vi wubu. ; .;. i W. S. .GRAYSON. j The Pestilence. ' It is with feelings of the most profound gratification that we are enabled at length to announce the materia) abatement of the yellow lever in Norfolk and Ports mouth. vTbe cool,, dry weather seems to have stayed the march of the Destroyer, and a speedy return of health and prosperity may be anticipated. For the past five or six days, there has been only four or five new cases. Raleigh Begister.