. ,-. . ,
' . " i ' ' n - ... Jf--
. ..l-.-. ---w-r- -- ' - -' ' ';' v ' 1 - ' " - ... ' '
' . ' ,- ' . : ' . . . - v '
1 . . . U 1
t
' ' , . "SOSORTU, XQ SOCHI. XQ KIST.KO TVgST"-QCawuUL& uuim. .41
. v . . . - .
HENDERSON VILLE, N
, .
' ' :
. - -
HENDERSON PIONEER
Tki lliobaa-.. I)". U k lblil'4 vk
1 m tki Mix
ocpr it o.iu,. . iJm
" f . . " t 00
" I . ' . ' . oe
Bisf Cuia. ' l
. rictly la AdTano.
" JCHEDULf OF lOVUnSlltC IITEI
t4 flui. All of lit Mat in .huh lb in
.turret tun bed i-i-trd im.nudlr amended lliclr
IJcOtmkJV('n,iiultuti. to lo mak. Ihnu eulif.itni lo
tht gre.l rhani lhaa iffrvl"! In lb or-mlc
law (if il lamf, dvtlared null and vui.l all or
dinanre in J la, of aofe-aum: rrpulitJ all
PUM-.llV).li0I wi.i hi
iH S F0 OOI . ou Itou.n wi
-.....l I 10 I ko l00 II WI'IIK' ;
7 - I - . l 1 1 ' . ... ....I
H (Ml II UU Ifl W-.9 V
1 10-1. K (XI .OM)! JO (HI
1 1 00' 1 100 1 00. 00 M 00
Mc.nr Hm.i ISi tl tl I on I M 8 W
dT To oaaclaf t Jt fof Ctxta'y of-
it r.r maattia i mw1iUi for Sum
' 4 09
nrjob work don Willi tMti.til flU!ut
I ahxl MJIc, l frlc CurrriOnJiB Ilk tbi
lm. "Vit
u Tk -.k Bini Inniliblr KVnilnr IIr-
d. ii. liktr lur Ucrli.lloM or JclliB- Jub
woik lo I I4 Moo dtll'frjr- .
n..M i mU lU 1'P ofjUfta IllMMri.ms il kg !nc iiV
riutt.., nd aii.l.Arali.ini of IbHiswa Imni lh ' Mo, biv W W
' ' I. . . I I La i Vlltll.
ill lrrlui.
own mubr"iiJ niif. '' Ike cnH-ur
rc ol iw lliihli, cil iirmlcr." Wkfo.
Kvniinr fit lprwiiili jwrtii liii rrtil
hrati ol iltrlivn, hi "f (I tftiro U iumik
n nnro-
i.l.ttiii.ii.a rrraitsl fot lot or r.-K.inl; or, liouM llirre I
the rttilifiiti7 prw i-f llifl liwirrctllun.lllow o ki r.biliiy.hii crtpiUI
in J ifororJtfJ, !!,- .1 Tiilb, H" ciiivl-lU rrfrrrrd Tor mrliiiliMi to tU iiTmin
airtil M mrt.urrt Ut h .f..lrclion iix! i.f tiunMr. Iflmiltod to cil, H mimi
linrdion f ih too'lUHHt f ! .l..rr.l m bo ! iJ iUfrViil. 10
OKn.-,fc..0trrr,r.l l-.iu.trJ to i.lmil my of hi. b bt iil. rmn c.i,i.iui.iil
' ii l i f " . . ..
I thrM Milwlo rrotwhUlMHi; ana ll WM.ana H-pai ijn.'iur.M.
uu( until lU ibc ck tf llt vijililb tuwrtiti
ut iko oi Ii n (bit rirofli" J I"
fr of TmiHif, .y Ibo .iiniwlon of tci
Srnalow and Ilflrroiil!ilivra.
1jJtlu it a kul jril of liiiifniiml rrprci lhal
t on-Mrai ! lliiii lr Uilrd w i.ium la pton
C.i DECEMBER 18, 18GG'
ir.
ll..ir anut.it ikoncb lan of ikvir'csam
llo,lbir .iJoni, l llwir nairiujUio.
tomj ttrtU riJ'irmliul liom loeir ivmmm,l
I u uiuUU ll.rm in luvo of country ooj f
tt fur the O'iMiiinlian anJ lit .
Tke rtport of lb Hmrtory of tbw retnnj
(UJ ttiwrb InfonnalUm reveling I bo r
h aoJ ontiimrivi of lb couutry. Ilia iew
Lk ihi furrcney, n4 wilb rcfercsc
rnjr a.ljutu4rol ol oor '71
.t..l u !t ai Iuipm4. art coaimr
hi ooraful cofnOcratlu ol K tTa. io wj
If rru4 i'lmi
: ... L. f. . f.f l nit a rria nm
to (be (lovoramrnt, ool rlon4 to Mi i MiMMWii inr T7 "
otilucnta, tbrf aro o.lnMibp.l lhi nml bm'irM () ihw wiljort. I o y
i-r-nnaUal'lOlhornilrdh-UIca ill U t-0ali UcBlioO 10 lU octy of WTJt
Ucl v.f in tbo I-rtiJutiva (VnnriU of!Ty Irp.H.tt.cnl of Ihi (rtnmoni y
.1,. .ium ...d iho i.l.iir.l mmrr and moral' frm olniiid ifcuiintibility, Ihromjk rewnc
.i.l...ii...,..,r.,..,...-.ril.ui r(TtPiil wciitaid oin rcawowr. clcrP
lo.Wrtairah.MluUtohK.itlilli- ol 1 in tb. Mrmli if fcy; ijr to in. Uof- 0.l rw o.a.o.l
WW
tbec, from lim. to 1iw, U WJ
.kJao qo.ni.y .w.cd by b. r
,k. wuoUtod WJU U.r lo lb. fnt.ro ItnRlk
ol lb. tirlai"'WfM'it Tim
iin wJoUl nU 6p.-k to U .
dndr-rtabinif Cir. In l f. t'l "J :
cuUJ w.ib rtMMabb n.'!y. h
lied pmrtirw to rtlb.lr.w Irow mwkrt 1U
m mum pi i-.-. - - , ,,'l,,L, l.lltor within ha ormion j
1'billoliO.U, hib, ..ul W.w rt.on
dwUl I laln y Co.t, trii "-Wcd by
iht tivtrrrury of lh Ny ' H,u
Ui..w fr ibl clwoj ol oU.
Il la lmi-rUBt that uilalli ptiWi. iti
lion ohouhJ b f.rwiM for lb Iron tUd lert.
llUiotondrd lUl Ibwn 1 nball k4n
pro!r coodtiiun for any fucrRcufr, nd il i
'icwi.lle Ibal tb. LiU LP
laod fu kl pnrpaor., tb IU of IUjr
ontaiivr at in loot hold
..I ...V. .1 iwriod. In orjrf ibit
I,
President's Message,
NUSSAUE OK TllK I'ltCSIDEXT OF
TH K UXITKD STATES TO T11K TWO
HOCSES OI- COXCREXS AT THE
COMMENCEMENT OF TUE SECOND
KESSIO.N. , .
. O.'i'M otb Stt4
ami JUutt ItrfrttlUtr:
Aft n brief rntcrtil lb Concrw of b
I'nited Utca rrtirof il annual lrtilUtivo
labor. An aU i uJ morrifu. rrivi.lriicr
ba bitcd tb rtilnc which vinild . oar
.bona, (raving lU ciUmiitom tract upon loms
nortioniof ror eonntrr. I'mc. ordt-r, Irin-
... . 1 I I
Iiliiy, ina ivh auiuoruj w
locl.roil to xit throtiuhout lh whol. of the
Unit! Btt. 111 vfthtKutei civil
thority ba uprMdcl lb coercion of arm,
a ixl U poU, by ib.ir oloiiUry action, r
uaiutaiomir tbeir trotrernJicnti in full at-tiri-
V .
a i . i ai .. .iui ..ui !rttiibfltii nmiiti luiriiiv loiiiai i num.
irnnrwr, .. r,t-.. .u .... -. -f!-1,L . .j.Cr.iiuo of our. Kvcou
Tea. ?t.t-iM.na M.a onr I m, ot " ' " "? ! I h.,. .iih tb. Llio Wth. and
t a. . . l . .i . a -. a i., 1 1 1 it n .mi iiaj iwi niaiirurT ui uai iMwa-un i w mi w wmvt-. .
IH'HT NHIMUt f I n ohm wo oow..w j-- I . "r
ti...; lb a-t of lifty lumn in lh IIoimc form of ifwvcinn.ciit. my eoimcUon., bcrrto-..flU-i
rrci.lilivc.ind of lci.tv m.i..Ur iu furc cprrwd, bav imdno ao cba
lb Kualc arc .t cat not ly tl.cir own.but, on lUcootrmry.lbeir furwlnrM bMbeca;
UT 7Viaaynraaaaj ww mw "
fc tb uu of tb arnica, on lb lH-Uwar
rirr. Tb Nval Troiion fund n.minU to
II M.'.Mtf k.vinir becw incrrad 2,7W,-
1 t . I .
000. during Hi year. T tpn.mr. w
ui ----noti I
oondiuon. ableb 0k"
to l,- louU woik a ff. imr of cUun l
I ... ...... .... -,-xvl tBrl of
I,. Imdi m wunurawn ow.
umtnl, ly tuU uf ikclUio.-lnt. UjOoolUuoid I
h.Uh Dcirt" b f'-lJ' aauuijxrfwta,
I. ... . u-ri '."il mn. Ik. rauuuln
. jar,., . "SiVnii lr.c.i ii-.
n lor in Cowing .aiuwn. w . ,
IT. a .. J.;-, u to our oratt.cn. and U.c uuc.n.plc
lb li-iiuiit ud occconary nanti of lb (io
aomrrt. Tbcrcport prcocnlia mocb mora aallfa
lory .Hiini ol our Bnanr4toin on. jvmr
. ... ii i ..i!.;.iut
in lh ra-'iro thmol tonRuiu eouU bav "'e'l1
Im and ! During the fiwal year uJina th 30th Ji
Uxl.
UKf,
IlitUndilO wunura
litl. to lh Ue.U eoovjH which mua.o ov
40. lprralioai aai Uia ea?al lm l
k ba pconM-m
d viijur d nc. en
CiOtn ol U ny oct.r, . i-
f nd iuipro..n.,nl. Tb. JR" u cUnplctcd Utora tb cl'iitin
bcbairrflbi.dcorrigclof.rWW- "j! ' i, Cgrc " ,
i,.i rmMll .n-ended to tb fat c,r tb. P-J
llnut r.t tonC ilSn
.nX ..urnct. tbirlcen niiliion b-jr b a, U
I,. Janiion ol Lonars oc,it w iou ., , . . ., .
tl. n lol ol t opcm to areq mnr crurn jmiiii oi k.i .r...M... .
...I. 1 .. r b II la Li'l.tfTCJ. WOUIJ ikprriiv lioion VI . wsit-
. .. : i nRt ... i..i ...fi.r in. wr. in nuuuo ncra,w" '- . - - . k.i.m. war iijci . in.
bavaccoii.lUl.cdu.iKbloi.aiJ. the rcucnal prdicnt yar ago, h w no "P" '' " "j ..iVi nn 37 .-,1 0- U SM!rnuw of lb Itoprtnieat lr tft. Tear . ana V"""" . i .n,lro(li'
and .Irmj.MLcDing of our uUlwaaa on. d..nt now. If H... anoino!.. cun.l.t..m (a. ... '"J ' a,(j .,, ao ft 1,330.0-6. and lh ro U Th. rnt.r. ;
rlft and Lw M-ri..u. c.u for di-on.cnl riKbt now-if, in lb. cct anad.itoa of tbcK loWr, lJ. I '"J ,'mlitarea WJk52.(-7, .bowing n rxcr- rr., Jui.a 3U. '''Vw.n.
on the rrt of tb. iahabiunu of lh K.tc Si.lea at th prcnt t.me, i i. Ualul to 7.4). On th. 2M of Mol . .p,,,,,,, f ,r.tll , 10MI,, .even b Jj.
It would bav ccoid.d wiih lh irr.at princi chid tbrw fiora wprno-ni.tion I t'unot been tJuccd to l2.Rol.HIO.oiio, tka ,kU 4Dciener. borr. a .peciJ a.proirU-10. Ubi. l.U form., o wltu,f..7-
I Vnunctto-I to" . 1 WUratHH. Amcri- th.t the rjucion wa. to I clumped lj the tloa, .knnj Wff1 J' u 2' iagrr- ith. ac't Vltrr. .inking poof of lb. 2,
rialndrwrnUnrr- tlat no c..la oug!.l t.. clllu oftnue. T.n yc.r. bnc., if 0,. mcnc.ij pl';. 'r Ij SOi in4ia; Uc "'"""g .fcftf , , U()inu th n.ndu.g ap. cat lb. conM.ttiHon.1 ntb.i y 'n,',.f'J
tb.riKMofItc,.rcu..l.ou. It wuld b.vr cnl.tionn. Ib.no ..ronp.-r-.h.r.gbt ol ,!. IfcaU t J7mn lhat .lrinff h'i. J I lcg.liu.af rrtion of lb. revenue, jctr ,.wp. of fUl .
been in con-manc. with tbo rxprra prwU- clunon mil I. no weaker. flame, il - I" "K u im,in MMpde,!. lh. .etual deficiency lor ''tUu Mliff.r.
i.tof the foniUtutum. tbat "r.' b Futcal.aU The Conrti'ution of jl. I niled State, m.lc tbrt iu.rter. of tb E-.l year co. .ng I . g. turn wiib.n ilultb.itythria nu.h.Hi 'r"." 11 ",r"! .
KVl ti 5 Utivc- nd ,.t bc duty of tb .Went to recj-u. me.4 J-J- J ZSlR TvSVJlm io tb. .nun. cd to meet lL. '
no Hat. aiihrmtiiacaatont, .ball b. .l,,..i. tb i eouki-Uratof Cm.m 'n.h naar $112.r9f9li. o '.1 rqrl of 1-C1. Tb. docreM. ol reveonr..c. during lh. utU Mr
cloliue.u.U(rr.ill.S.n..c.- Ibcor1.. b. U..II jadga MH'ef . 1 j V ' TJ- V Trea.ic b.v. bc.n '
proUi.M.. were intm-lcJ to rccur. to ury 'know of ao n,c....rc nH.r. imper.iiv.ly d- lb, year laria Lac. f ";; VheCeiiflb rr cent., ami lb. inereaa of c.rHJllM who, .nliced into araid -PI''?
U and to the ,-4,0, every U.e, the in.ncd by every ..d.,.,
a
iil tiaw.i! - . . ., i . aai.ai neiithf ainii at'i aax uihii wn,. -----
pre-, and in.U..t ... it demed by the the .dmiuu r Iov.J mr-mbcr. iiu ti. noweau, turn ,;d .hc'eeoL On tb 30tU of Junc.U.t. th.r, were
fucV.oflueConM.lu.;onth,ilh cju.l.ty ,.n re printed .tM lb., would oonaiim. xa, l.b,l:t, ""P-J S SUn Icr aSr'ia o,er..ioo aix ihonvand nio hundred and
intietu. wuiaoi r.onnioo, ..... vrr. o imp..... ... v .J..' . I'.i.irt mail rontca. W lb an .Cgreffate ienin
"2Ht of lb kwa b do longer "oUtrucled in
any SuU bf cowbinntion. too pow.rful to b
aurprowd by tl.oordin.ry win of jodwial
proccdl.KS,, nA n'"''i''' enRBner11
ly th. war .re mjidly ywHin- in th. benrfi
vickt li.llueneca of ourlrec iiililulion., and to
tb kindly effect, of nnre.trictcl ocial ami
ial iuurconmc. An cntir rctora-
M l..t.-ril fcclimr mut be tb earnest
wiali of very iwtriolio heart; and w will bnvc
accomplwhol our prandeat national acliicve
mcnt whin, forpi lling th. wd event, of the
jt. nd n-mciiiUrin!; only their inatruclivc
iconi, we rem ni our onward career M a fiee,
i itwerou, nod unit.d feopl.
In my niiwaa;,' of the 4ili of December, 18
Co Cm.groa u ii,f..riiied of th. tm-aaurea
which bnd been Inatitnted by the Executive
with a view to the Rrn.liial restoration of the
Ht.tc in which the itunrreelion -. irnrred to
their relation, with tbo Gonciul Government.
IWinional Governor, had been p)ilited,
Cuiivciilioli. called, (Jovernor. elected, Le;i
lati.ru. noM'titldod, .nd cHiiator. and Ilopri acn
tulicvt cIiohmi to tl.o('oiigresi of th United
Htutc.. Court, bad been nKiicd for ll.o e-n-iorcemcnt
of bw lonR in abeyance. The
Mocka.1 had boon rcinovad, ci.rtom lioune. re-eKlaUi-heil,
mid the internal rcv.'i.u law. put
in force, in order that lli peoplo mjht con
triruto to the notional iiic.m.p. 1'ontnl ci-r
lion bad boon renewed, ami effort, were be
ing made to rc.toro them to tl.cir tonner con
diuonof ifliciency. Tbo 'eitatc. thiiiwlvfi
M..V. ... , .
thorltr, and nwn.foti-d n an:i acir,ior
renewal of friomlly rel.liona. ( '
During theywr mling 5eptomlr 80, ISOO,
ight thoiwand acren h.mbod and alxteea t-i
bail been ahked to Uko part m Ilia high tunc
lion of mending the Coiirtiuition, and of iIiiih
Hinctiui.ing the extinction of African slavery
n. one of the legitimate .result of our ii.tor.ie
cine Ktrujigle. '.'.- -,
i Huvina nrocrcaed tlmn fnrf tlio, Lxccutive
Department found tb.tjt had accomplixhc.l
nearly nil that was within tho .copo of itacom
titutional .ulhority. One lliioff, bonev.r,
yet remained to be done before the work of re
storation could bo completed, and 4bat waa
the Bdmisioii to Congrew of loyal rScnator.
ant Ileprcscntntivc. j'romtheJStiitc.whoe
"people ba.1 rebelled ugainct the lawful author
ity of the General Government. ThU ques
tion devolved upon the respective House
which, by the Constitution,' re made the
Judges of the elections, returns, nd qnnlifi
tionsof their own members; and its considera
tion at once engsged the attention of Con
gress. ...
In the meantime, the Executive Dcpart
fcfcntno other plan having been proposed by
Congrcssr-cootinued its efforts to perfect, as
far as was practicable, the restoration ot the
proper relations between tho citizen, of the
respective States, tbe States, and the Federal.
Government,' citeftding,' front time to time, as
fhe public interests seemed to require, the ju
dicial, rev'cnuo,, and postal systems of the
country.' With the advice and consent of tbe
Senate, the necessary officer were appointed,
nd appropriations made by Congress for tbe
-paymeut.of their salaries- The proposition to
mend the Federal Constitution, noes to pfe
wit th existence of slavery within the Uni
ted gutea or any place subject to their juris
diction, was ratified by the requisite number
c States; and on the 18th day of December,
1865 it wa officially declared to have become
talid'a i put tf tha. Constitution! f Je.Uai-
I
4 .
Ired nd twenty-on mile, aa .gltrat for nmru invnuon. ...a owp-
,uJ,r.,,.lKTu,ionoftovcBt,-ou.n.il
ft b..l.o .saumcJ tbat lbr.i- ..y of their in.U.u.ion. ' It , would bind n. Jnn. 1-Cfl, tb. i receipt. . lXoI .Ua, a-J ' bundr.1 nd twrnty.igbt tbon-nd and am. J
8t..e. ... t.,mi.,.Ud bv the- more cloacly together M . nation, and .n.hl. a.d ibe "ly. , rJJ0' U ii l.nnn.l coat, including .11 .xpenditme. of fH - dollar. ;
:t. of tbeir inhabitant a,, that u. to .how lo lh. wntld lb Inherent .nd rec- .. avaiUfch nqdu .of J-", "UlO.181. Tb. length of railroad rout- i. A, , Briject wbicb depend, an imv .
tion b.ving been wyyVJZJ tou0,lTi. ?t rtlWaf'wwit anawi... - CZZZ&Z. J L J 1 . . ..I?.;UJU umi twiin ''
ia- w-Uia)iiryr S3G .nd thlt th. er.di uri will reach the th. annual tr.portaUoa thirty milluX'VJ9 ,
cd terriV.rieV Tb. Ixgi.I.t.ve, hgenee. Our fi tAmTCTl theTrcur, hundred and nine tbou-nd four hundred and!,. U t9ecnM t&. pr-r- i
ind Judicul Department, of r"!"'?" ,m' milcfc Th length of .tcamboat o( Ul, 0f jiia-iipuTriver. 4
bave.bowever, with great diMinct- the fa la j
iform con...lrncy, refilled to sane- he recipw will amo'unt toM.W.000, andjlorty-ix mile .nd lh .nnnal traporUt. , ihoulJ u uk not 0D , ,0 .dd to th.
aiption ut incompatible with the den l.y lh encinie oi repm.iitan h'""""''"-1,!"","- L.,-..i;ii,M,- ,i S'liM) 47 G41 thre million foor banlre1 and vlerwa thou.- V OT e nc. of these barrier. g. nM dcrtmctir. . 1
rn publican ay.U. .ml w i.h the The admtooa of lov.l rmbcr. ftom tUt ha 1 ?7W S i f.VoV of!.rnin. ha.dred .nd iil.r ..o mile Th. g bat for lh. reniv.l ol .11 obro.; i J
ject.ofth.war. . ThrongW.1 the H. te. now J JaJ-lSrCovmimeT Thcw cs'im.Jd recuipujm.il service i, rpidly increang thronghou, tion, l0 .0 .d aaf. .vi,.ioa ofth.i ;
btionofOmgreM,tbe uu.len.able "f "I'P reduction ol est'b. lh. whole country, .nd .U .tea.Ty extension , eUoneU( trad, .ndmmcrc. . ....
liapparcni,l.lal.uc.v p liUnj Import duties; but after all neccswry re-'m th. Sonera Mate, imncaie. men-con.wn- xb. District of Columb... nder rxurting;
num.ie. are nothing ku l ' ' !'t;::,;r,,Ct " Vn.!.! 1 L....d J .;o f.lUc,tio,:Vll.aII bsv. been made, the revenue oHy improving condition. Tb.grow.g .mpor- . . enlhM , tl)at wprMPBtltlo.- in.
mcnt of the rebellion, each Iloiine dcclore.l,
with a unanimity icmail.abw a. il was ig
niliculit. thakllic war a not. "nligcl, UjM.ii
...irr.n.t il. BI.V .Hint (ll 001 1 SUl.'ll llOr Ml
. . i - - -
I COIUI
of those Mates, ami, ly 'inducing emigration,
aid iu the .clllcme.il of fertile region, nowun
cultivalcd, and bad t iaff iucreiafd produc
tion of iIiohc .isplc which have ad.i.-a fogrcai"
the preocnt ana 01 louowiug yean, win u.ui
Ictk b .uffuioiit to cover .11 legitimate charg
es udoii the Treasury, and leave a large niiu-
nual aurplu to be applied to tho payment ol
lion. Tb Iot OOioa Department of Great
Britain, and Our own, have agreed npon a pre
liminary bai for a new 1'ostal Convention,
. r . . ... i . i . .
which itw believed will prov. cminenuy oen-
ihe several State unm.piire.1: ami mat as wH.li j u ........ ... i"-;:; - ',..1. ...... n ,.t,.M....r. I IviiiL-dom: tho establishment of uniform an
.a the. obiecU" were "accmplmhcd the war Government ....; Comtito-e o, 1 1 I ' " 1.7.. '"; " Tl . !ir..nable ch.rce. for tfi. and torri
ouuht to cease." In some iu.lances, S na.ors by reM.:M.tIlo,..e. to
,vcTc permitted to cominuc the.r .Iat,vc they pr or o - .owance t0V.cI, ,W Office
lui.ctions, while in other instance iieprcseii- cau..n, ..... . v - " , ; f '.. )roviJ.M -with ni(.jicfti trct. of the iiK1it to use all mail communications
.olives weieclected and admitted to m la- spor.U of hreatciied .1 s m y H' lS'td suited. S U to1 .nblinhcd under the .o.hority ol the other
ter their States had toima.lv judaic, "Z "n" ' ,.f .;.! h. fWnUl.ed with breech-Lmdinir small aruw the dispatch of correspondence, e.thcr in
rii-ht to withd.aw from the I nion, ami w9ro, poii.ii., . ...m.y , tlrnnii, nr ,h a5ion ha. Wen or cl.med mails, on the same terms as those.
. . .1 a..: . 1.1... r..k..a .l nt If.ill (IHI I III H'lr .Itllll' IUI llllilNiv.ii a uw . i .,.. ....
. - . . a- . t . I F.I l..rl,A .L.tt 'I hnm c.mhi nrtnr t
m.r,iy io mo wcunn ........ ......... -- '"."" i -i - - . , .,:., ,,,. ......nercbl interest of the Uni-
.'r. :.f nvenl.ro wimr or intcrferrmg iili : i.itrcrt ol the worm, .cw nei... en.eipiiw uo . ".r. - " I,,., ilinrh a. it cuntoainlalea a re
TOu IctterW o
bultodcand,, KH'.
ma".-ul ino loimuiuiiuii - . i i .. ... t m ..t c. ............ ..r iv. r..r 'ni.o wnn an oincr couniric. io am. ir.nn .....
nuLiinneo thereof, and to i.rcrv. the Uiii.,.. once, cffaccil loriu the Bi.n.u oi our cunnuy, ... r.
' . . .. . . .. -..I .J. ,. ,,f UllC .JIU.l'Mi: nun iii.T.wi van. ....--,--
witli a tho Uiiiiuiv. ci naiiiy. ami ngi... w. .... ... . ,7r l,: lwHn.n..f urn . or In closed mails tnronen me none
. i.i .i ........ . ii. .ti a iik iiviBrvn "inn ii ii 1 1 v in rfiriiiiii: u inu niii nuu"" ,
torial
and
Department
es-
for
open
P"
plicable to fie inhabitants of tho country pro
viding the meuiis ot transmission.
Tho report of the Secretary of tho Interior
exhibit the condition of those branches of the
public service which are committed lo his su
pervision. During the lost fiscal year, four
million six hundred and twenty-nine tnonsana
thrco hundred and twelve acres of public land
were disposed of; one million eight, huudred
and ninety-two thousand five hundred and six
teen acres of which were entered under the
homestead act The policy originally adopt
ed relative to the pnblio lands ba undergone
essential modifications. Immediate revenue,
and not their rapid settlement, was the cardi
nal feature of our land Jsystcm. JLong experi
ence aud earnest diseussioiniav. resulted in
. .i ..: .! . i... r... ....,.(' il ,.. if.i
endeavoring to maiiiiaiu mm iig... vj i.. yt"
biiiis. All of the States ho.-c pcop.e were m
iiwurrection. fl. Stale, were liic lunoU
in
the
mil-
e .. . l: ..... ..r
Bn.i.unllHPIiL III IIIC IlirCC. 111. . J
inns of dollars nnnnally lai'l upon the United
i.,i.Hi l.v llie act ORM-uted fith August, 18-
01. Congress,' by tho act of Mnrch 4, DC,
and by the apportionment of representation
thereunder, also recognized their presence, a
Siaiwiu tbe Union; and tbey have,.. for... judi
cial purrses, been, divided into districts, o.
States aloue can be divided. Tho same recog
nition appear, in the recent Icgiidution iu ref
erence to Tennessee, which evidently rests up
on tbe fact that the functions of tho State
wore not destroyed by the rebellion, but more
ly suspended, and that principle is of course
applicable to tho.e States which, like Tennes
see, attempted to renounce their place in the
L'n'"n- .... . .
Tbe action ol the Executive Department ol
the Government upon thih subject lias been
ctiuullv dofmite aud uuilcrin, and the purpose
of the'war was-specifically stated in the Pro
la mation issod by my predecessor of the 22d
day of September, 1802. It was then solemn
ly proclaimed and declared that "hereafter, a.
heretofore, the war will be prosecuted for the
object of.praotically restoring the constitution
al relation between . tho United States and
each of tbe States and tho people .. thereof, in
which States that relafiou is or uiny be suspen
ded or disturbed." f
The recognition of the States by the Judi
cial Department of the Government- has also
been clear and conelnsive in all proceedings
affecting them as Stute, had in jlio Supreme,
Circuit, and District Courts.
In the admission ot Senators anil Represen
tatives from any and allot the State,, there
can bo no just ijround of apprelieiision tbat
persons' who arc disloyal will be 'clothed with
the power, of legislation; for t'.ii -could not
happen when tl Constitution and the laws
aro enforced bjr a vigilanV anil faithful Con-,
1,1,1... TI
.... ... .1. f .... ......;-. f liw lit. .Ii.1.r.rnff nf Ynlnntei.r.. flip
anil witn il an occasion .or .n unnw u. ""-, ..r...j'..v-. .v - "-is . i . ,
ers of doubtful coiistitntionality, wo fchoultl: disposition ot unseniccanio orperisuaoie siore.
i..:n.. t..i.r;i.nlff..iliitiii within the boun- and the rotrcnchmont of expendituro. Snffi
ilurics nrescribed i"y the Constitution, and to'cieut war material to meet any emergency lias
return to the ancient landmark established' been retained, and from the disbanded volun
by our fathers for the guidance of succeeding' tocrs standing ready to rcsjiond to,. the ualiun
irenerntious. "The Constitution which at nnyjal call, largo armies can be rapidly organized,
.;..,..-;-! ....til i.1.miiwiI bv nn explicit and eciuiiited..and concentrated, fort meat ions oi
...... v..--i . . . ;, . .... . i i-
Uui coast, ana irouuer nave rcccivuu, or uru uu
. .... ... .. ... U...I.M V
aiHhcnuc aei oi me ..-
i.tilicntorw unon all." If, in the opinion of
tho t'cotde, lite distribution or moilitication of
tbo constitutional powers be, in any parti?u
lar, wrong, lot it be corrected by an amend
ment in the way in which tbo Constitution
designates. ' But let thcto bo uo change by
usurpation; for "it is the customary "weapon
by which free Governments aro destroyed. '
Washington spoke these words to his coun-tHi-mnn.
when, followed bv their love and jrrnt-.
itiule. bo voluntarily retired from the cares of
public lilo. "lo Keep nil tilings witoin i
pnlo of our constitutional powers, and cherish
the Federal Union as tho only rock of safety,"
were prescribed by Jeflcrsdn as rules of ac
tion to endear to bis" "countrymen the true
principles of their Constitution, and promote
a union of sentiment and action equally auspi
ciuus to their happiness end safety." Jack
son held that tho action of the General Gov
ernment should always bn strictly confined to
tho Rpliero of its appropriate duties, and jnstlpr
and forcibly urged that our Government i
not to be maintained nor our Union preserved
"by invasions of the rights and powers of the
several States. In thus attempting to make
it weak. Its true strength consists.in leaving
individuals and States as much as possible to
themselves; in making .itself felt, wot in its
power, but in its beneficence; not in its con
trol, but in its protection; not in. binding the
States niore.closcly to the centre, but leaving
cacirto move unobstructed in its proper con
stitutional orbit." These ore the toachings of
. . .. .. .. J . . 1. .A..,!,,.. I..... n.n.ln
men wuoso uuvue muu aw..w jil
iug prepared for moro powerful armament
lake surveys and harbor and river improve
ments uro in course of energetic prosecution.
Preparations have been made for the payment
of tbo additional bounties authorized during
tho recent session of Congress, under such
feguIttlion5os wilPprotcct the Government
from fraud, aud secure to tho hoiorablc-dis-
charged soldier tho well earned reward of his
faithfulness, and gallantry. More than six
thousand maimed soldier have received arti
ficial limbs or other surgical apparatus; and
forty-one national cementries, containing the
remains of 104,526 Union soldiers, have al
ready been established. The total estimate of
military appropriations is $25,205,6G9.
It is Btated in the rcporf of tho Secretary of
tho Navy that the naval force at this time con
sists of two hundred and seventy-eight vessels,
armed with two thousand three hundred and
fifty-one guns. Of these, one huudred and
fiftoen vessels, carrying one thousand and
twenty-nine girns, are in commission, distribu
ted chiefly among seven squadrons. The num
ber of men in the sorvico la thirteen thousand
gix hundred.. Great activity and vigilance
hare been displayed by .11 the squadrons at.d
their movements have been judiciously and ef
ficiently arranged in snch J. 'manner as., would
best promote American commerce, and pro
tect the rights- and interests of onr country,
men abroad. The vessels unimployed are un
dergoing repairs, or are laid up' until fherr ser
vices may be required. Most of the fron-dad
fleet is at League Island, in tbe Ticiaity of
history, ba. been imifriruly ecordc4 to aach-
Territory established from lint, lo lima "''07
1
the conviction that the early development of
our agricultural resources, and the diffusion of 1
ar. energetic population over onr vasi territo
ry, aro objects of far greater importance to the
national growth and prosperity than tbe pro
ceeds of the sale of the land to the highest
bidder in open market. The pre-emption laws
oonfee upon the pioneer who complies with the
terms thcylnipose the privilege of purchasing
a limited portion of "unoffered lauds'-' at the
minimum price. The homcsted . enactments
relieve tbo tcttler from the payment of pur
chase money, and secure bim a permanent
home,' npon the condition of residence for a
terra of year. This liberal policy invites em
igration from the old, and from the more crowd
ed portions of tho new world. Its propitious
rcsnlts are undoubted, and will be more 'sig
nally manifested when time shall have given to
it a widorovclopment w.' i . : ' r
Concrress ha made liberal grants . of public
land 10 corporations, in aid of the construction
t)f railroads and other internal improvements.,
Should this policy hereatter prevail, more strin
gent provisions will ' be required -to secure a
frfiibM arrmlieation if the fraud. The title to
bad should not gmas, by patent or otherwise,
in our limit. It maiuuiu j ccult.r ref.tion.
to PflnrrrpM. to whom tb Constitution ba
granted the power of exercising cxclnsiv leg-
I.1B1.00U1.I .... l.. f"' . ..
fellow-citizen residing in tho District, who.
interest, arc thus confided to the special guar;, . ,
dianshipof Coiigr., exceed in.oumbor tb,
nnnnbition of several of our Territories and no
just reason is perceived why a delegato of tbcHr
choice should not Maumiiiea to a omi .a ,
llauuuf Henrcsentativc. Ko mode sCenu.
so' appropriate and effectual of enabling them . --
to make kuown their peculiar conuiu w .
wants, and of securing, the local legislation a-'
lapted to them. 1 therefore recommenn tno
passage of a Uw 'authorizing tbo elector or
th District of Columbia to chojsc aulcgate, .
to be allowed tho samo l ights and pi iv ilexcsa' v
a delegate rcprescuiing a .lnnUory: Ilia in-,
creasing enterprise and rapi(Vlro"res of mi-
provcuient in the District ure miry--palifjiJ
ing, am! I trust that the efforts of the mnniui-
pal authorities to promote the prosperity of tb j 1
national mctroplis will receive the efficient and '.
generous co operation of Congress. '
" The report of the Cmmisikner of Agrfcnl-' '
tore review the operations of his Jtepartmont.
during tbe pwt year, and ask. tho aid of Con- ' . j
giess in it efforts to encourage . those State - J
which, scourged by war, are now, earnestly en-
gaged in th reorganization ot domestic in-
dustry. . .
iris FstibjecT of congratulation, tbat no for-.
eiirn combination acsinst'our domeslie! peace
and safety .or our legitimate influence among
the nations, have beeu lormetl or aitemptea.
While sentiment of reconciliation, loyalty,' ,
and patriotism have increased at home, a more.
just consideration 'Of our national character
.... 1 : .
and rights Has Dccn manuosiea vj joreigu uo-
tions. " "- . ,
The entire success of the Atlantic Tetcgi apU vi
between tbe Coast of Ireland and tho Provi-
denoe of Newfoundland, i an achievement ,
which has bee'n justly. celebrated in both ncm- .
isphcres as the" opening oTan era in th.e'prog- -ress
of civilization. ' There Is reason to ex- ii
4
j r
J
pect tliat equal success will attend, . nd even I
greater result, follow, the enterprise- for en-V ;r
nocting the two Continents through tho Pad
fic Ocean by the projected line of felegrajdi
by the pro ectci
between Kamschatka and the Bnssiao possa-..
won. in America. . -, j;,,'jo
The resolution .of Congres. protesting .a
gainst pardons by foreign Govcrnin'etits of per
sons convicted of infamons toffentcs, 'oh' eon-'''
anion OI emigrauiijfwuur -vin..rjr, ii... weej. j
1; : .J .1. .iV. ...I.L.K V.
maiutaia interoourse, and the p'raetioa,aojuaV-.A
: ''is