North Carolina Newspapers

' .... -" " . - v-', - , - & - ., , -".' - - jf " " . - . . " -r-S;: : "-Vf:'V.y:'"': !'--:': . " :. - .. . ," . - - --, r " i ' -., ; i . J up P4 I II J 1 1 II 1 .. , r ft. ;t i M i- i ' 1 i.-4 1 i '. XVI. AVlLMlNgTgK POST lOelPoitoffice at Wilming Elf c at Second Class Mailer. - (o, A- u' . gfBSOFADVERTIsiNGr" Jl M(8) lines, Nonpareil type.con .fmueauare. - . ' F;ity cents per for the first. in-. ;nd twenty five cents per line vh additional insertion. ill adVertisementa will be charged (t the bove rates, except on special contracts. ' the subscription price to The Wil ioToS Tost is 12 00 per yean six months f 1 00. , ,: Ml comffluaications on " business ! mut be addressed to The Wilming- PBESIDBW8 MESSAGE. COSGBBSS t'0' 0 BAT U ll ATE D UPOK THE FivoEABLE Aspect of Domestic A!!I) FySEIGN AffAirs Orj" Tom MEKCIAt" RELATIO8 RKOOMMEWt ATI0SS COHCERNlko FINANCES, Coast Defences, the Navy, KAitr EbA! BECULATIONS, THE TeJjE-' (,EA1'H, &C. To the Congrcsn J (he Vnitad States': y I At the threshold of your deliberations t coDgratuUte you upon i the ..favor s ",b'e aspect of the domestic, tnd foreign tfflirs of ttois government. Our rela ys with other countries continue to rBfi friendly foodng. With the Ari,tlne republic Austria, Belgium, ' Jh'il, Denmark, llaytl, Italy, Santo ihmingo, Sweden and Norway. no in cident has bccurred which calls for special comment. The tecent opening of new line of telegraphic confmuavca tion with Central Amerjca and i Brazil permitted the interchange messages of friejdship with the government of 1 those countries. Durwg the yer, there have been per- i feclid and procjairaed consular and commercial treaties witn Servia and a . couaDlar treaty with ," Iioumania, thus eitending our intercourse with the Da oub'nu countries, while our eastern re lations baye been utupen a wider ba sis by treaties with Corea and Mada j gaicar. The new boundary survey J treaty with Mexioo,. a tracTes mark con- I jention, and a supplementary treaty ot extrailiition with Spain jind a conven tion eitending the duration of the Friiicd American" claims commission, ''hasJso been proclaimed. Notice of the 'termination of the. : fisheries articles of the trieaty of Wash ington was . duly given, to tho British iwrument and the reciprocal pnvi p aup exempt ionsif the treaty will WMdmgiy ceae, J ijly I, lt6i. i ue ftrria industries purniied 1 by a nu- smm cU ol our citizens, on ike oorthfitt coaRi.b;ihot the Atlantic and Pacific ocf&n, tie worthy of the foster- lngfreof congress, ivheuever brought into ompttition with tile like indus tries of other couutrie, kir fishermen uwell is well as our manufacturers of hhiug appliauces aud preparers of neo pruUuci, have maintained a fore ut i.lhce. . I suggest Idrat congress create a couiuiissiiMi to consider the general iuesliou of our rights in the fisheries and the meaus opening to our cUiiiiia under jut and enduring .conditions the richly stcicked fishing ' waters andfsealinr grounds i British and Kussiau North Amercai -UuestioQ has arifen touchine the de riatiog to the United State Irom the Ciitisn lalinds by government or mu nicipal aid o persons unable there to gun a living and equally' a burdem op toe cpmmunity here. Siich of these perwbs u fall under thelpauper class a defined by law have been sent back u accordance with the provisions of oar statutes- Her Mfjesty's . gov "umem nas insisted that precau Uonj have been taken before shipment "prevent thee objectionable visitors W)o coming hither witboiit guarantee "opport.bj their relatibus, in this try. The action oi (the British fnoniie in apply igg measures for wief han, however, h so ban cases f fovedtrtnectual, and especially so in certain tecent imunces of needy im vZTT1 0UI titiry through liTl ' lhi ' revision of i legUla aJriK " ,Ubject be demed Jjttiu isioaofF'''Oeteainst the wof Prepared .wife products S ' f,U if1 rwuU " 00 ,es9l ' KT,rnL 7 v W Pations of this M demanded by tny real dang.r .Walih. lap. t ' 0,,lue praaucu iroai tS2" exlenJd to bb Imperial jrament a friendly infiution to iperu to the.. United SUtea to iaru,! dlnlrousto health. This. KJKV" dwlid. ( have) be- f f such imrtanV. however. ! ',Xct fcu houM -b ascer Kinrl ProB,.,8"l. tht I have 2t. . ik "C0B,P commission to 'Sif1' 'vigatJon of the MlLiT -Be mb,' hT oown their tetT.r 8 of apation, butJ aTinu WBSwKiothenauonM JFUw ing of the mai ficit aoUte for providing art w reimbarsement ol such ex- UskT 7 nT wi y incur.. 8 IML f ftv ' aM!Vtt u goveromeni an oc- tinueu a r. ZJL '"M'K special envoy H4 iT!DUUt of the navy to at-da!?w0117- bere have aj!2 ,tV ,w noke quee UJTr0111 autus in the Russian fcaTTk. :tric ciUieas of other that held bynhei naUonal Ueii-r. pTM,B remaliu firm eWV? 'ifhu of It. ahrr,l .V.-..I i 1324 i . . Sf IB DO WIS uitii reliHoui b iioaa belief. It is understood that measures for tha removal of the restrictions which now burden our trade with Cuba and Puerto Kico are under consideration bv the Spanish government. The proximity Of Uuba to the United States, and the peculiar methods of administration which there prevail, necessitate j con stant discussions and appeal on our part from the proceedings of the insu lar authorities. I regret to say that the just protests of this government have not a yet produced satisfactory results'. r iThe Helvetian Confederation has pro posed the inauguration of a class of in internaiion treaties for tnereferment to arbitration ef grave questions between nations. This government has assent ed to the proposed negotiations of such, a treaty with Switzerland.' Under the treaty of Berlin, liberty of conscience and civil rights are as sured to all strangers in Bulgaria. , As to the United States we havev no dis tinct conventional relations with that country and are not a party to the trea ty, and they should in j my opinion maintain diplomatic representation at Sofia for the improvement of inter course and the proper protection of the many Americau citizens who resort to that country as missionaries aud teach ers. I suggest that I be given authori to establish an' agency and consulate general at the Bulgarian capital. The United States are now participating in a revision of the tariff of the Ottoman Empire. They have assented 10 appli cation of a license tax to foreigners do ing business in Turkey, but havfl op posed the oppressive storage tax Upon petroleum entering the ports of that country. The government of the Khe dive has proposed thstthe authority of the mixed judicial tribunals in Egypt be eitended so as to cover citizens of the United States accused of crime who are now tried before consular courts. This government it not disposed to ac cept this change, but believes that its terms should be submitted forcriti cism to the commission appointed to revise the whole subject. At no time in our national history has there been more manifest need, of close 'and lasting relations with a neighboring state than now .' exists with respect to Mexico. 't The rapid influx of our capital and enterprise iuto that; country shows by what has already been accomplished the vast reciprocal advantages which' must attend the progress of its internal development. The treaty of commerce and navigation of 1848 has been termi nated by the Mexican government, and in the absence of conventional engage ments the riKhts ot our " citizens in Mexico now depends upon the domet tic statutes ot that republic. There have been instances of harsh enforce ment of the laws against our vessels and citizens in Mexico, and of denial oftlio diplomatic resort for their pro tection, ine' initial eep towards a better, understanding has been taken in the negotiation i by-the, commission authorized by Congress, of a treaty which is still before the Senate await ing its ' approval. The provisions for the reciprocal crossing of the frontier by the troops in pursuit of hostile In dians have been prolonged for another year. The operations of he frces of both governments against these Jsav ages have been successful, , aud several ot the most dangerous bands hi ve been captured or dispersed by ll e skill and valor of United States aud Mex can soldiers' fighting in a common cusr. The convention for! the resurvey ot the boundary ironi the; Ilio Grande lo the 1'acihc having beeu ratineu and ex changed, the preliminary recohnois sauce has been entcteu. it now rests with Congress to make provision for completing the survey and re-locating the-boundary monuments, A conven Lion was siirned with Mexico on Julv 13, 18S2, providing for the rehearing of the cases.of Benjamin Well and the Abra Silver Miuing Company: in wboseavor awards were made by the latch American and Mexican Claims Commission. I hat convention still nwaits the. conseul of the Senate. Meanwhile, because of thos elaargcs of fraudulent awards which have made a new commission necessary, the exec utive 'has directed the suspension of payments oi ine uismuuiive quota re ceived from Mexico. V Our sreonraphical proximity to Cen tral America and our political and commercial relations with the states of that country jus. ify, m my judgment, such a material increase of our consu lar tor ps as will place in each capital a consul-general. Diplomatic and naval representa tives of this troverument-attended at Carracas the centennial celebration of the birth of the illustrious Bolivar. At the same time the inauguration ot the statute of Washington in tne ene zuelin caniUl testified to the renera- fion in which his memory U there held. Conaress at its last session au thoriied the executive to propoee to Venezuela the opening of the awards of the mixed commission of Carracas. The departure from this country of the Venezuelan minister bis delayed the opening of negotiations for the reviving f th rAmmimaion. This ; government holds that until the eaUblUhment f a treaty upon this subject the Venexuelan ftrnmnni must continue to make the pay meats provided for in the con ,i.n Af isA There is reason foi believiag the dispute growing out of the unpaid obligations due from ene- ku1 to France wUl be satisfactorily rimtd. The French cabinet has pro- poeed ft to of settlement which meets my approval; but s it inTOltee a re casting of the annual quoUsrof Ue for eign debt. It has oeen ' ..ki ia .ahmit the Dropoaal to the judgment of the cabinets of Berlin, Co penhagen, me naguc, AMrav VI.. 1.4 -In Pursuance of the-pSbcy declared by thU government ol extending our interrourse with the eastern aauoas. legaUons hare, daring the past year, been tent to lVrsia, Siam and CJor Ii U probable that permanent mission nf iSam riMitriea will are lonx he WILMINGTON. NORTH CAROLINA. FRIDAY. aintained in the Uniteo- Statp Treaty relations with Corea were per- .TA - A 1 a 1 .i ? leuusi uy ine exenange, on the 19th of juay last, oi the ratifications of the lately concluded conventions, and en- Toys Irom the King of Tah Chosun have visited this country and received a cordial welcome. Corea. as vet. is unacquainted with the methods ot western civilization, and now invites the attention ol those interested mthe advancement of our foreign ; trade, as it needs the implements and products wnicn the United-otates are ready to supply. We seek no monoply of its commerce and no advantages over other nauon3, but as the Coreans. in reach ing lor a higher civilization, have con fided in the republic, we cannot regard wan inamerence any encroachments on their rights. j China, by the payment of a money indemnity, haa settled many of 'the long pending claims" of our citizens, and I have strong hopes that the re mainder will soon be adjusted. Ques tion have arisen touching therights of Americanaud other foreign manufac turers in vjhina under the provisions of treat-es which permit aliens to exercise their industries ia that country. On this specific point our own treaty is si lent, but under the operation I of the most favored nation clause we have like privilege with those of other powers. While it is the duty of the government to see that our citizens have the full enjoyment ot every bene fit secured by the treaty, I doubt the f xpediency of leading in a movement to constrain China to admit an inter pretation which we have only an indi rect treaty right to exact. The trans ference of American capital for the employment ot Chinese labor there in effect inaugurated a competition for th-j control of markets now supplied by our home industries. There is good reason to believe that the law restrict ing the immigration of Chinese has been violated intentionally or other wise by officials of China, upon whom is Revolved the duty of certifying that the. immigrants belong to the excepted classes. Measures have beeu taken to ascertain the facts incident to this sup posed, infraction, and it is believed that the government of China will co operate wun tne united states in se1 curing the faithful observance of the law. The same considerations which prompted Congress at its last session to return to Japan the Simonozke in demnity, seems to me to require at its hands like action in respect to the Canton indemnity fuud, now amount ing to $30a)00. "The question now of the foreign treaty of Japan has been considered in an international conven tion held at Tokio,.but without definite result as yet. This government is dis posed to concede the requests of Japan to determine its own tariff duties, to provide such proper judicialJtribunals as may commend themselves to the western powers for the ' trial of causes to which foreigners are parties, and to assimilate the terms aud duration of its treaties to those, of other civilized states. ' Throughour ministers at London and at Monrovia, this government has endeavored to aid Liberia in its differ ences with Great Britain touching the northwestern boundary of that jepub lic. There is a prospect oi the I adjust ; ment of that dispute by the adoption of the Mannah river as the hn?. This arrangement is a compromise of the conflicting territorial claims and takes from Liberia no country over which it has maintained effective jurisdiction. 1 The rich aod populous valley of the Congo is being opened to commerce by a s:ciety called the International Afri can Association, off. which the King of the Belgians is the president and a citi zen of the United States the chief ex ecutive officer. Large tracts ?of terri tory have beeu, ceded to the associa tion by native chiefs, roads have beeu opened, steamboats placed on the Con go river, and a number of states estab lished at 22 stations under one flag which offer freedom to commerce and prohibits the slave trade. The objects of the society are philanthropic. It does not aim at permanent political control, but seeks the neutrality of the valley. The United States cannot be indifferent to this work nor to the in terests of their citizens involved in it. It may become advisable for ua to co operate with other commercial powers ia promoting the rights of trade and residence in the Congo valley, free from the Interference or political control of any one nation. I have alluded in myprevioas mes sages to the injurious and vexatious re strictions suffered by our? trade in the Spanish West Indies. Brazil, whose natural outlet for its great natiouaT staple coffee is in and through the United States,im poses a heavy export dutr upon that product. Our petro leum exports are hampered In Turkey and in other eastern ports bT restric tions asto storage and by onerous tax ation. For this mischief adequate re lief if not always afforded by recipro cal treaties like that of Hawaii or that lately negotiated with Mexico and now awaiting the action of the Senate. Is it not advisab'e to provide some meas ure of equitable nature n our relations with governments which discriminate against our own? If, for example, the executive were empowered to apply to Spanish Teel and cargo from Cuba and Puerto Kjco the same rule of treatment and scale of penalue tot technical faults which ire applied to our own vessels and cargo i the An tiUeey a resort to that' course might not be barren of good results. The report of the Secretary of Ue Treasury gives a full and interesting exhibit tt Ue financial condition of Ue country. It show Uat Ue ordi nary revenne from all source for Ue fijeil year ending Jaae SO, amounted to 3Sn2S:JWI.95, whereof there was received tronveostoms ZU -706 4aiS. from internal revenue tllt, 7203 from sale, of public lands 7 tti$$t.42, from tax on circnlalion ISposiu of national banks rUll,- OO&S. front l0 kaibo11 deposits and assays $4,020517, from other sources $17,333,637.60. or the same period the ordinary expenditures were for civil expenses $2243,285.76, for foreign intercourses $2,419754, for Indians $7,362,590.34, for pensions $66,012,573.64, for the military esUb lishment, including riTer. nnd harbor improvements and arsenaia. tlS,9Il, 382.93, for the naval eaUbiishment, in cluding Tessels," machinery and" im provements at nary yards, $15,283, 437.17, for miscellaneous expenfiitores, inclnding public buildings, light houses and collecting the revenue, $40,008, 432.73, for expenditures on acooant of the District of Columbia, $3,817,028.48; for interest on the public debt $59,160, pi.25. ToUl $26148,1374; leaving a surplus revenue? of $132,879,414-41, which with an amount drawn from Ue cash balance iu Treasury of $1,293, 312 555, making $134,178,756.96,vwas applied to the redemption of 'bonds. The total receipts, actual and estima ted, for the present fiscal year are $373,000,000; total expenditures, actual and estimated, $258,000,000; estimated amount 7ue the sinking fund, $45,816, 741.07; leaving a balance of $39,183, 258.93. If the re venues for the fiscal year which will end on June 30, 1885, be estimated upon the basis of existing laws, the Secretary is of the opnion that for that year the receipts will exceed by $60,000,000 the ordinary expendi tures, including ths amount devoted to the sinking fund. Hitherto the surplus, as rapidly as it has accumulated, has been devoted to the reduction of the national debt. If the surplus shall hereafter be as Jarge as the Treasury estimates now indicate, the 3 per cent, bonds may all be re deemed at least four years before any ot the 4j per cents, can be called in. The latter, at the same rate of accumu lation of surplus, can be paid at matu rity, and the money requisite for the redemption of the 4 per cents will be in the Treasury many years before these obligations become payable. There are cogent reasons why the na tional indebtedness should not be thus rapidly extinguished. Chief among them is the fact that only by excessive taxation is such rapidity attainable. In communication td the Congress, at its last session, I recommended that all excise taxes be abolished, except those relating to distilled spirits, and that substantial reductions be also made in the revenues from customs. A statute has since been enacted by which the annual tax and , tariff receipts of the government have been cut down to the extent of at least fifty or sixty million dollars. While I have no doubt that still further redactions may be wisely made, I do not ad vise! the adoption at this session of any measures for a large diminution of the national revenues. The results of the legislation of the last session of the Congress have not as yet become sufficiently -apparent to justify any radical revision or sweeping modification of the existtn- ftw. rn the interval which must claspe before the effect of the act oi March 3, 1883, can be definitely ascertained, a portion at least of the surplus revenues may be wisely applied to the long neglected duty of rehabilitating our navy and providing coast defences for the pro tection of our harbors. This is a mat ter to which I shall again advert. Immediately associated with the fi nancial subject just discussed, is the important question what legislation is meded regarded the national currency. The agcregate amount of bonds now on deposit inflhe Treasury to support the National Bank, circulation is about $350,000,000; nearlyH$200,000,000 of this amount consists of 3 per cents., which, as already stated, are payable at the pleasure of the government, and are likely to be called in within less than four years unless, meantime, the surplus revenues shall be diminished. The probabls effect of such an exten sive retirement ot Ue securities which are the basis of the National Bank cir culation, would be such a contraction of the volume ef the currency as to pro duce grave commercial embarrassments: How can this danger b obviated? The most effectual plan, aod one. whose adoption at the earliest practicable op portunity I shall heartily approve, has already been indicated If the reve nues of Ue next four years shall be kept substantially commensurate with the expense, tbe volume of circulation will uot be likely 'to suffer any material disturbance; if, on the other hand, Uere shall be great delay, in reducing taxa tion, it will become necessary eiUer to substitute some other form of currency in place of national bank notes or to make important changes in Ue laws by which Ueir circulation is now con trolled. In my judgment Ue laUer course is preferable. I commend to your attention Ue very interesting and thou? htful sureestioa upon this sub ject which appear in the Secretary's re port, ine OOjecuona waita ue urgrc against Ue acceptance of anyoUer se curities Uan Ue obligations of Ue gov ernment itself a.) a foundation for na Uonal bank circulation,-seem to me in superable. For averting Ue threatened contraction two courses hare been sag geated, either of which b probably rea dable. One is U issuance of new bonds having many years to ran. bear ing a low rate of interest and exchange able apon specified terms for Uoaeaov outstanding, Ue other coon which commend itself to my own judgment as better is the enactment of a law re pejtlto the tax on circnlalion and per mitting the bank to issne notes for aa amount equal to 90 per cenL of the market value, instead of as now the Uc valae of Ueir deposited bood. I axree wiU Ue Secretary in the beiief that tne aoopuoo w urn p wv-ua afford Ue necessary relief. The trad dollar was coined for Ue purpose of traSe in csnutrien where silver pa!4 at its vahr-e, as ascertained by iu wetgnt aa4 tawew. It never KaJ a letral tender finality- Lrte number el these coin entered, how vr into Ue rolome ef or csurenor t-v ! Their circnlatM U domesuc trade has mam censed, DECEMBER 7. IS83. Uey haye thus . become a disturbing element.; They should not be longer permitted to embarrass our currency system. 1 recommend that provision be made for the reception by tho treas ury and the mints as bullion, at a small per centage above the current market price ot silver of like fine ness. The Secretary of the Treasury ad vises a consolidation of certain of the customs districts of the country, and suggests that Ue President be vested with sucn power in relation thereto as is now given him in respect to collec tors of internal revenue by section 3141 of tbe revised statutes- rhe sta tistics upon this subject which are con tained in his report furnish of them selves a strong argument in defence of his views. - ' I again call your attention to the present condition of our extended sea coast npon which ale wr-many lajrge cities whose wealth and importance to the country would in time of war in vite attack from modern armored ships. against which our existing defensive works could give no adequate protec tion. These works were built before the introduction; of modern heavy rifled guns into maritime: warfare, and if they are not pUtin an efficient condi tion we can easily be subjected to hu miliation by a hostile power greatly in ferior to ourselves.. As germane to this subject I call your attention to the importance of perfecting bur submarine torpedo defences. I he board authori zed by the last Congress to leport upon the method which should be adopted for the manufacture of heavy ordnance adapted to modern warfare has yisited the principal iron and steel works in this country and in Ji.urope. It is hoped that Congress will thereupon be disposed to provide suitable facili ties and plant for the manufacture lof such gu us as are now j imperatively needed. !..... On sevefal occasions during the past year, oiheers ot the army have at the request of state authorities, visited their militia encampments, for inspec tion of the troops.: Itoui the reports of those officers 1 am' iulluced to be lieve that the . encouragement of the State militia organizitioui by the Na- hlVUAl UL'TCIUUICUW Tiuuau : UKj IVllUTYvU afford it in sudden emergencies the aid of a large body of volunteers educated in the periormance ol military duties. The Secretary ot tti9 A .ivy reports that under the authority of the acts of August 5th, 18S2,iand March o l, 18S3, the work of strengthening our navy by Ue construction of modern vessels has been auspiciously begun, As an im portant measure of national defence the Secretary urges ,aiso the immediate creation of an inter-coast line of water ways across th peninsula pf Florida, along the coast from Florida to Hamp ton lloads, between the Chejiapeak bay and the Delaware river, and through Cape Cod. : I I feel bound to impress upon the at tention of Congress the necessity of continued progress in Uhe reconetruc- tion oi the navy. Ine condition ot the public treasury as I have already inti mated, makes the present an auspicious time for putliug this brauch ot the ser vice in i state of efticieuyi It is no part of our policy to cresie! and main tain a navy ible to cope with that of the other great powers of the .world. ' Wehave.no wish for foreign onquest and the peace which we have long en-. joyed is in p.o seeming danger of in terruption. But that our naval strength should be made adequate for the de fence of: our harbors, the protection of our commercial interests andl the niain tenance of our national honor, is a proposition from which uo patriotic citizen canwithold his assent. . The reptrrt of the i'ostmatcr Gen eral contains a gratifying exhibit of the condition and piospecls. of Uis interesting branch of the pub lie service. The l'ostmasttrj tieneral' devotes much uX his report to the consideration in its varioiis aspects of the -relations of the government to the telegraph. Such reflections as I have been able to givcithi Subject since my last annual menage -iias not led me to change the views! which I there expressed 'in di-vsentiog from the recommendation of the then Pjostmater General Uat the? goyernmeni aume the same contrSl over the telegraph which it has always exerciser! over the mails. Admitting that ids authority in the premises i as imple i hn ever been claimed for it, it would not, in . my judgment, be a wie use of that -au thority to purchase or avume ice con trol of existing telegraph . lines, or to construct other, wiU a view. of enter ing into general competition with pri vate 'enterprise. The objections which may be justly urged against either of those projects and iodeeed against any system which would require an enor mous increase io Ue civil service list, do not, howeter, apply to some of the dans which have lately provoked pub ic comment and discuwion. It is like ly that Ue whole subject will be con sidered by yon at the present sessioa. In the nature of thing it involve o many question of deuul Uat your 'de liberations woald probably be aided slightly if at all by any particular ssg geation which I miht now itabait. I avow my biif, however, that tbe government should be aatbonsad by law to exercise some sort ol apervi ioo over iaur-ecaie leiefrapbk com- mnnicaUoa, aaa I expraa Use bp that eai -3 aet that for auaiaisg by very gratifying results and would JtTt , " ""B are may ne aevui waicn wia reretve jUMe tca tca;e grermesu arc pow yor apprbaUon. j it' to prereat. ' The Aitoraey General ntkiie a ? 1 ay La aaasal tsufe I tmi hi report U provuoe of Uetexi- I alleaun to tbe anwuly of fraecung lag law fixing Ue fe of j aror aa4 'by,"sa:uhi .iaii th$ IxvO a-la-vitnenaen ia. Ue tederai coart. r Thewe ' ai4 stpa tn paV.x doeaain. I a a&any provieiea are oataiael is Ue acjl of t rftw of v&e U porvaii t4 Febraary SS, 1'. Uwcib f I reMfal rn::re H cly nSi fa- thewn were tniro4ac4 iato 'that met ucaiMe by tmwrt to irrifi5A, waie frosn tata:e wbkh hJ bea mm4 ? acwwfi.' IrrfaM ' w-m 'teCf be r years pcvMa, un aaaaMMi Uat each compton a aught, jnst and iaoble, wii in aay iav acancea be ji-y rrjvrld at Ue fern eat day as ianiea. locarwiU Single Copies 5 Cents the Attorney General io the belief Uat the statutes should be revised by which these fees are regulated. So too should the laws which regulate the compensa tion of district attorneys and marshals. They should be paid wholly by salaries, instead of iu part by fees, as is now Ue case. This change would prove to be a measure of economy and would dis courage the institution of needless and oppressive legal proceedings, which-it is to be feared, hav in some instances been conducted for the mere sake of present gain. : Much interesting ind varied infor mation Is contained in Ue report of the Secretary of the Interior. I par ticularly call your attention to his pre sentation of certain phases of the In dian question, to his recommendations for the repeal of the preemption and limber culture act,' and I for more strin gent legislation to prevent frauds under the present laws. ' lUereVionferr alarming state of illiteracy in certain portions of Ue country, and again sub mit for the consideration of the con gress whether some favorable aid should not be extend to public primary educa tion wherever adequate provision there for has, not been made. 'The Utah commission has submitted to the .Secretary of the Interior its sec ond annual report. As a result of its labors in supervising the resent election it appears that persons by the act dis qualified, to the number of about 12, 000, were excluded from the polls. This fact, however, affords little cause for congratulation, and I fear 'that it is far from indicating any real and sub stantial progress toward the extirpa tion of polygamy. All the members elect of the legislature are Mormons. There is grave reason to believe that they afro in sympathy with the. practi ces that this government is seeking to suppress, and that its efforts in that regard will bj more likely to encounter their opposition than to receive their encouragement and support. I Even if this view should happily be erroneous, the law under which the commission ers have been acting should be made more effective by the incorporation ot such stringent amendments as they re commend. I am convinced, however, that polygamy has become so strongly i'i.nni,n.i :. ' e ir. l I"" 7 J 1 . v wu J but the stoutest weapons which consti tutional legislation can fashion. 1 fa vor, therefore the repeal of the act upon which the exising government depenus, the assumption by tbe nation al legislature of the entire political con trol of tha territory, and the . establish ment of a commission with such pow ers and duiiesas shall be delegated to it by law. : The department of agriculture is ac complishing much in" the direction of the agricultural development j of the country and the'report of the commis sioner giving the: restilt of his investi gations asd experiments, will be found Interesting and valuable. I trust that congress will not fajl at its pieaeut session to put Alaska! under ther the proper protection of law. ' Its people have repeatedly remonstrated against our neglect to afford them the agaiusb uur urging iu auuru mem tne uiaiu&uMice and protection expressly" ... J gutirauieed by the terms of the treaty t hereby that territory was ceded to the United States. For sixteen years they have pleaded in vain for that which they should have received without tbe.r asking. They have no law for the col lection of debts, the support of educa tion, the conveyance of property, the administration of estates or the en forcement of contract?; none, indeed, for the punishment " of criminals, ex cept such as offend against certain cus toms, commerce and navigation acts. The resources of Alaska, especially in fur, mints and lumber, are considera ble iu extent and capaple of large de velopment, while while its geographi cal; situation is one oi political and commercial importance. The prompt ings of interest, therefore, ai well as considerations oi" honor aud good faith, demand the immediate establishment of civil government in that territory. Complaint have lately been numer ous and urgent that certain corpora tions, ontrolling in whole or in part facilities lor the inter-ttate carriage of persons and merchandise over the great railroads of the country, have resorted in their dea!ings with the public to diver mea-ures unjust and oppreive in their character. In om; instances the state governments have attacked aud suppressed the?e evils, bat in oU ,ers they hive been unable to afford ad- ' equate relief, because of the jurisdic tional limitations which are imposed upooihem by the federal cousftuiion. The question, how far the national gOTernajnt may interfere ia the pre mises, ami what, if any, tupervision or control it ought to exercise.ls oae which merits your careful atuatioo. While we caanot fail to recognize Ue imporunce of the vast railway systems of the country, and of Ueir great and beneficial inflaeocr u poo the develop ment c f oar natural wra'.Uare should, on the other hand, remember Uat no individual or no cjrporat i oogbt to be invested with absolute power over Ue inure; of any oUer citiiea or cIam of ciuxeas. Tbe right of these rail road ccrporitioai to a fair asd pr e&ta ble retara Sm tbeir isretmenu. aai to reojkb !rvloaj la tbeu regla Ua mut bs recogalfW, Iml it e only jt that, o Lar a conau:Uoaa u.br.y will prokiv. OJCrreM hU ; ro'-; tne' people at large is Ueir i later traS: ain aru cf isa .f imf mrj& m e&-4 by iri. mi rsm5ug to tie m, auantf a4 vecacy of Ut vsffif xa wso. Lkarmg tn re yar rver ntmtt as gresA tarn w fnvmti y bars NUMBER 51. eccasioned by profuse floods, followed by periods of unusually low water in many of Ue great rivers of the coun try. These irregularities were in a great measure caused by the removal of forests about the sources of the streams in question, and of Uo timber by which the water supply has been nourished and protected... The preser vation ot such portions of the forests in the national domain as essentially contribute to the equitable flow oi im portant water courses is of the highest consequence. The industrial exhibitions which have , been held in the United States during Ue past year attracted attention in many foreign countries, when Ue announcement of those countries had been made public through the foreign agencies of the government. The in dustrial exhibition at Boston asd Ue souUern exposition at Louisville, were foreign) countries, notwithstanding the absence of any professed national char acter iii Uose undertakings. The Cen tennial Exposition, to be held at New Orleans next year, iu commemoration of the centenary of the first shipment of cotton from a port of the United States, bids . fair to meet with a like gratifying : "success. Under the act of congress of the 10th of February, 1883, declaring Uat exposition to be nation al and international in its character, all foreign governments with which the United States maintain relations have been invited to participate The pro moters of this important undertaking haye already received assurances of Ul lively interest which it has excited abroad. i The annual report of tbe civil ser vice commission, which Will be soon submitted to congress, wil doubtless afford the means of Hmore definite' judgement than I am now prepared to express as to the merits of the new sys tem. I am persuaded that its effects have thus far proved benehcial. Its practical method appears to be ade quate tor the ends proposed, aud there -has been no serious dilflculiy iu carry ing them into effect. f At the time when the present Execu tive entered upon his office, his death, removal or resignation or inability to discharge his dutiesawould have left the government without a constitution al head. It is possible, of course, that a similar contingency may again arise, unless the wisdom of congress shall provide against its reoccurrence. The senate at its last session, after full con- sideration, passed an act relating to the- subject, which will i now 1 trust commend itself to the approval of both houses of congress. I repeat , the recommendations; that congress prepare an amendment to t hat provision -of the constitution which prescribes formality for the enactment of laws, whereby, in respect to bills for tbe appropriation of public moueys,; the Executiye may be enabled, while giviug his appiuvai to particular items, to interpose his veto as to such others as do not commend theuiselres'Ho his judgment. ' Tne fourteenth . amendment to the constitution confers the right of citi I : . , " . f "nship upon all persons oorn or natu I M Iva,! 1 n H,A I 7 ... I W .... ..l . . . t . ralized in the United States, and sub ject to the jurisdiction taereof. It was the special purpoe Pf this amendment to insure to members of the colored Race . the full 'enjoyment- of civil and political rights. Certain statutory pro visions, inteuded to secure the enforce ment of those rights, have been recent ly declared unconstitutional by the Su preme Court. Aoy legislatiou where by congress may lawfully supplement the guarantees which the coustilution affords for the equal enjoyment by all Ue citizens of the Untied. Slates of every right, privilege and immunity oi citizenship, will reoeive my unhesi tating approval. Cutsrur. A. Akiiu u. Washington. D. C, Dec, o, lS-3. -NEW ADVERT' -'MENTS. O. NIXON, (irocerie, Liquor, Tobacco, JRY GOODS. NOTIONS, itc. Will Purchaa Country Produce . 1. COR. IXUN AND l.iwiiTH hl. PARKER 5t TAYLOR. ii felfci.HariaV5' vTariet,: ui : .; "Ssittcrioa'V - COOKING SloVr, '; m j. uttt, :f e;m. , ri.i--os o.: ti it 3 SOUTH FROST STREET. 1 Bargains in Shoes, fy E it we a L,iWErpka: cr Oootj and Shoes xat ?;t3tsv -: fy ovejr nwsfkiO.'p-salan am, H IXECU n. ik 3trU ftmi a n-ti.'i ft hi- r . Cf x'lr .1 a I? ! $ V is 't; - ' i . p --Cv. ii in -nm ii -'' i'"" ""'