Newspapers / State Agricultural Journal (Raleigh, … / Aug. 27, 1874, edition 1 / Page 1
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. - .. .' ft T5 Si VOL. 2 NO. 28. 1' r " - . ; . . 1 " ' - 7 1H 1 CHARD T. PTTLGTTTT-M- wuutirriZfO. EDITOR AND PUBLISHER. OFFICE OVER CITIZENS' NATIONAL BANK. : FAYETTEyiLLE STREET. TWO DOLLARS PER ANNUM. -TERMS CASH, INVARIABLY IN ADVANCE. . 1 J 1 1 1 1 t 2 - 2 - 3 3 BA TBS OF l square, T week' 1 inonth, 2 3. . 6 1 year," 1 month. 3 6 1 year, 1 month. tt . M ( (I ti ( II it (C A D V EH TISIN G: 5 l.OOj 3 6 months, f 1.50 3 squares, 1 year, 2.50 column. 1 month,' 5.00 ' 3 . ' 6.00. ' C M K 1 Tear, . column, 1 moflth, XA 44 6 " XA " 1 year, 1 column, 1 month, 1 j ' 1 C " I , 1 18.00 5.00! 12.00 16.00j 30.00 7.50 20.00 35.00 10.50 22.W 30.00 50.00 20.00 55.00 100.00 38.00 75.00 100.00 1:1.- it. t5 ine picture wiiicli roost travelers give of tuu lirbt sigui 01 its snores a land glimmering tor a moment tbrdu?h mist anrl pearino:, reappearing, and then hiding Itsell Atr. "UUItt 11 reluctant to be discovered Wherever the famous Ultima Thnle of the an cients may have been, it was certainly not Ice land. The Irish monk, Dicnil, in a chronicle the date of which is referred to the year S5 vear. 1 kc (r "The above rates are for Single Colnmns.3 ' The Millennial Celebration. ! r ' Kb. 2. Bayard Taylor dn theprhney Islands-Sketch of Iceland's History Early Voyages pf the ' Norsemen to Anierica-the Introduction of Lhnstianity Iceland s Augustan Aae- Dechne of her Independence. COEEESPONDENT OF THE NEW YORK TRIBUNE. . 7.7 uujj xxjy auernoon tram .brought Jo Aberdeen yesterday Mr. Gladstone and Mr. William Kelson, our Ed jnburgh host, who decided at the last moment to accompany 113 as far as the Shetland Is lands. Mr. Appleton and Mr.' Halihnrfnr, V -I--- -i iin tiiy i II 1 1 ii 1 1 1 iTi 11 Trniiiilun iii mi i-Vlf T- ITTn .y4 X 1 1 j. - t- "vnunaiu lrum -ireiana. ww.v.vv. buuiu lniiiiiis in i rui cno i. i acquainted with, an v earlier ronnrA tion. ! ' , . . 1 Dicuil relates that on tEJjvsijord. Tne coast 5f Greenland had been 0,tbutonly seen, by Gnnnbjorri, as early tStG ; or 877. After the migration tljithe&f Erik the Red, the sonthern coast bicamgradually coloiiized. A series ot re markae discoveries followed in rapid suc cessioratid.the chronicles ol the times leave Kbrse p-ehiefs and nmas'pmPTif. thnf tlvp?r great ahilvemehts should have been practi cA lt to the world.' - r r:I Ca: nlv crivn tlio hriffpc. nntlino nf tVioco discOVrink thp.v fnrm a annnratft pnanfor ri Iceanic historv. concerning the island much ess tan pur own land. In 986 Jijarne Her ulfsot sailing from Iceland to Greenland, was dtven southward bv storms, and first saw i. HVl J t linen i -. I n ri A - J . i . -W""J Vf4- k3 .!. I... 1. - V- "il-l uum were dii IZ'K1 "ffW 0 Dler'ca'.ProbabI7 5 P.art.ot - i. iiii i 1111 m: v i I. iii rra ir rt r r n inwi-i i i i u u i - 1.1. jl i the fnrmor ih u -vL4::i ; -V7 ueu iub son 01 jLriK me S VlT ;1t TB 1W uu.ur to leave, m Ked, Utdd out an expedition to seek this new ojo mo ; islands were lininhahirpd coM K tt Juj -vr r j ... great -numbers nt Rhnon !.- . r ?.t.-v ., , -r . . . ' " i v JU w W - VI in I'l I III' Tld r 1 n I TT7 I " f 1 K J- wn I -k mm m m X l uuiliu ui xxmiuiauu, men he called JMarkland, from t , . -!. . " 7 o t&tau- "a"ur lus. n.jnoniM, and va- tucket, he made his way to the m6uth of Tan- riOU3 traditions ftAnonr in-rrAr..Avi. j.lL-Tk - ;- .1 . '.t. - TQf. oa th jjr r iiT lueyear ion xuver, ana tnere Duut nouses. Mere was hl!!??'- Theiptercourse the yinind,(ViuelandOwhither,, for twelve HphriSl rWf thG Shejla Orknejs and yeHts Korsemen came both from Iceland t lb"df asihave madeboth discoveries and Greenland. It was probably, their own iwjuwh 10 me ,iorsemen. The Irish Wolnno nnA- t, rr."'1 u, Ub. 11 01 JLiieOaid iiostilitvot the native tribes, which prevented wiMuW 7' 1 CnVies rat daJ l? them from making a permanent settlement, wimuraw jrom tbe world without the least Scmp. nf tho disnovpror.? ncsnpollv cbannft nt hAin nuon ?;,,fj t. 7" 7,":r r. rrv - y Mir ,;t? ;r.u..- " :w s sm- ri"son.. ex.pioied ? i southward tUn, t. j,f tj S u""au".y wmcfl seut as Uhesapeake i!ay. . Thorfinn Karlseine, who' tho r-Jnri wT, -V r - ' u uengnt ieic ni3 runes on tne uignton itocii, bad a son, the (jod of Humanity bv'amurino. 11 Vni Rnrtfl u J vr:1.j1 sympathy .with, their brother and I' remember to have Been a statement, of, or edge men. Earlv in th voot. qp.1 xt iamieUidrimes !); N"adrlftdfl RftV forth "to take possession new territory, out was uavcu owim i coast of Iceland before the close of the . same year. The mountains being all covered with snow, ne canea tne ianu onjowmu uuw-iauu;. Three years atterwards unr ooi) Voraraar, a Swede, sailing for the Hebrides to take pos session of an inheritance which. had fallen to his wife, was also driven by adverse winds to the shores of Iceland. He landed, afterward sailed entirely around the island, and gave it the name of Gardarsholm. Tn 867. Floke of Norway, in consequence of the reports given bv Naddodd and ; Gardar, r, -w" t t mi n l - jy sailed directly lor iceiana. ine mgt 01 a . . . y i nr.inor in rea biou requested us to go witn mm in a ooay to the Local Marine office, for the purpose of be-; ing "entered" or "inscribed," according to law. The Albion not being a passenger steamer, it seemed that she could only take us on board on condition of our beitg registered as regu lar seamen ! a. hollow technicality of course, "hnf if Rntiafipd the law. The officials had evidently been prepared for the nature 01 their duty, wnen we reacnea t.h ft Lopfil Marine Office, for there was. a gen- Aral smile and the most hearty politeness. "We RiVned something. (I have not the slightest idea what it was), adding our ages and places i? l-I-iK - .Ui'aIi erttYioflu'no' nice! W95 rn- -ji a .uw.niiir vnori trt tlio nffpf-t. that rAvon. whio.h he-let loose at sea. served hmi-as iUlV UUU IllCUUrtlJiVyttiiJ' ivuuj w - -" ' 5 " -i 1 1 J 1 wo would obey the captain, would conduct a guide. He found the island, and on account ourselves wnu uecenuj uiui "u. ui wi vi v . , r zf - . . , 1H nhsp.rve all the coast, ffave it the name ot Iceland, which trora regulations applicable to persons in marine that time was used ; by the JSotsemen. liie serviceJ One of the party inquired whether ; position and size of the island being now gen- 4A . wrinpoimnn thn nfrimal. ornllv Icndwn. Inerolf of Norway sailed thither .:4i oirift'noi Biriilft' infnrmnd ns that, on in 870; on a vovaere of exploration, the results V11U auuiiiuiiui uiuiiuj . w .... , - 7 ; v cj . - the contrary, we would be entitled to a back- of which are not recorded. We only know sheesh of one shilling per month, if we return that he : returned to Norway, killesd a man, without having made ourselves amenable to and in order to escape the blood-revenge, sail- the mutiny laws during our absence! This ed again from Norway in his own ship, in the was comforting and, inasmuch as the regu- year 874. He was accompanied by hi broth: lations were not administered in the form of er-in-law,1 Leif of the sword, and the families an oath, we left the office without any special and servants of both. They landed at Kej- weight on our consciences. J kianes (not far from Kejkiayik, the present By this time a slow, drizzling rain had set capital), and there made a. settlement. - it is in and we made' hasto to get on board the thus exactly a thousand years, this Summer, steamer. A small crowd of men and Boys since the Scandinavians first planted them collected to see us off, and were evidently a selves on Iceland. . ' little startled when, we gave three farewell The wars of Uarald Haarfager (Fairhir) cheers. I The only enthnsiasticrespondent was with the three rival kings of Nofway, oecas a gamin with an empty coffee-bag, which he ioned the emigration of other families to Ice waved wildly around his head, as he rushed land; and after Harald's victory near Stayan-alono- the pier, following us. There was a ger, in 885, so many left that the King, fear little'delay at the dock gates, another crowd ing that Norway would be depopulated, 1m of curious spectators, and finally, between '6 posed a heavy fine upon the emigrants: - The and 7 o'clock, we issued into the outer bay, latter were mostly Jarls or ruling nobles, Her and thence into the open sea. ' ser the interior noblfc, and the Bonder, or far The clouds hum' low, with watery gleams t mers. They were the best blood of the race, of sun between them ; the waves naraiy tock- ana seem to nave laKen viui inum us puict ed under our keel, and so we sped northward, Gothic elements. They . were attracted to skirtino- the coast to Peterhead, whence the Icelandby the certainty jof political freedom. Scotclvshore trends abruptly westward, and no less than by the reported mildness of the our course lay Northward tor the .Orkneys, climate and the abundance of salmon and oth- The night was exquisitely calm and mild, and er fish. Some accountsl also speak of abund now, in the early morning, as I go on deck, I ant forests. Many Dans, Swedes, andiami see the interrupted lines of the far, ancient lies from Ifclaud and the Hebrides followed Orcades rising above the horizon line. In the first emigration; so that' in CO years (by Kirkwall. 934 all the habitable part of the island was i thsoanitaLon the eastern coast 6f Pomona, settled. The population was then probably f - ' . . T 1 J t via Scotia for timber, and was blown by stress nt wpathftr to To.eland on its return. It is im possible that the knowledge of these voyages should not have been current in -Iceland in 1 477. when Columbus, sailing in a ship from .Bristol, England visited the island. As he was aole to converse wiui -iue picsvo learned men in Latin, he undoubtedly learned of the : existence ot another continent to tne west and South ; and this knowledge, not the mere fanaticism ot a vague behei, supportea him during many years of disappointment. But let us return to" the proper- history .of Iceland.' Christianity, after being adopted in .Norway, required but a few years to overcome the Waning and weakened Scandinavian faith. In 996, it was preached again by Stefner, and during the following year VThangbrand, a German, monk, went on a special mission to Iceland. The work advanced so rapidly that in the year 1000 (that of Leif Eriksson's dis pn'vprv'of Yinland. the lawgiver of Iceland, ThriramV decreed the legal establishment of th Christiaikfaith and the Christian worship. Although he was bribed to this step by the the oral sagas to exist nay, afiected their conversion into permanent chronicles, atV time when the greater part of such literature, in Scandinavia and Germany, was suppressed by tiwrikish iniluences. The manuscript liter ature of lceland is probably, at the present time, the richest in the world ; for, wheh-the " art of writing was introduced, it was the only land in Christendom where r the laymen wero s more zealous scholars and "authors thaa the monks. As the chronicles were produced; they were written on parchment, copied; and read all over the Island.; Many a low vcelahdic cabin still contains annals, layers, ancT epics" which have never yet seen' the hVht The twelfth, th irtppnt? :TAiTi-Jti. . . . -.-.., wujt uui iguiin tell juries witnessed the beginning,- growth, and o j iivbiaiuig. :0 a U III u n u who wrote the Edda now called by hu name died in 1133, and 45 years later&Sbrro'Sturi' iubourine xamous anmor of the lleimskringla was born. In 1213 he was chboEen Lawgiver family quarrel; Hid death marks, not precise ly the end of the great literary epoch, but the end of its best production. , - ITntfJ thistimA. inr nosrlw rn .7J;--. - ir - w- iuui tcui mieb , Tr.filand hurl Kapji ot i'nr1orionnn j; ded into districts which possessed a patriarchal, chiefly hereditary form of local government, yet united in the representative assembly lot the Althing, which held its sessions aniiuaily in the ThincrvaTla' nPQr "RniHoTriL-f Tr.i. tTi , -B," "vi. jiwjuiuTia, . . . '4Ul - fb last this semi-republican nation dissolved, as 1 formerly the Hellenic' confederation, through luiui uai uisseniions. y xne local magnates, ma ny of them descended from powerful Norwe .' gian jarls, gradually j became involved in - mur ' aerous quarrels. &ome ot them rode to tbO Althing attended by 700 or even 1,200 armed tricts wtre laioTwaste in tliis suicioarstflleTT" "Fin all v. exhausted, bleeding, wearv iof hpr own discord, Iceland fell an easy prey to the machinations of a small party, whiph, in the year, 1262, acknowledge allegiance to Hakon YL, the King of Norway. All publicity in the administration of affairs, even all interest thereiu, ceased suddenly and for a long time. The voice of the Sagaman became silent, for there were no more heroic deeds. A little. ; more than a century later in 13S0 Iceland K fell with Norway, by inheritance, to Denmark and has since then been a stepmotherly treat- i n r ! t . ea possession qi juenmarK. Here my hastyj chronifeles must cease ' for to day. The anchor drops in the harbor of Kirkwall,vand the fairest of Northern days in vites us ashore. More to-morrow ! . 't -: r . B.T. Grass and Hay for Milcli cows. A correspondent; ot the Utica- Herald hold3- the following grounds in relation to the feed ing of milcli cows on grass and ha The , .. i "TC7i m : : nr - - , . , , , . - i. imnnriant uuiub lu tfe&iuin uairviuca is uu nyssionary Thormod who gave mm oo marK, relation to cutting hay when of silver to advocate its adoption by the w . V " J Volksthing, or Assembly .of the People, the, 7 g alonc, whetlfcr green or population must have bee-a quite ready for , I)Un)' c3 tllc v5ar round snch a change. .ve articles were aaopieu, I inclnde clover), with tLls one im- follows : . ,i'i,ii ,.,, portant qualifibation that it be cut green and 1. All-inhabitants of the island shaU accent P Hd jU makcg thjifjenee. Chr.stian.ty, and whoever in .the land is still tIl t ;s there ;3 abont as mncU availabe unbaptized shall receive baptism. stance in one pound of green teed dried, as in ( 2 The temples and images ot the Gods dg rip...! kn0w -instances shall be destroyed. . , ..,(,s.. nf where cows havebcen kept during the winter 3. If any one be convicted by witnesses ot . ifl, f L Tl, wf having puimy made offerings to - -3 or worshiped their imageSi he shall be banish- . axslMo nntritive substance, ch.ldren, the eat.ng of horseflesh and all oth- conditionj 0r supply the deficiency by ens wh.cn do not overthrow Christianity, shall ."g anffident t0 reachF this condition, anl remain in force. ft . v, .nKiw In 1056 Iceland leceived a Uishop, lbliet. . . . . . o rr A A - -mo k cn rirnr more than is usually fed with old ripe hay, seat of the Bishopric-. .. HZZZ0 The rich and marvelous literary age 01 ice- & - 7 rrt;- , . .,., ad began soon after the establisSment of Grass, green or pried, ,f of a good qnjhty, iristiaSnitv. when the art of writing was in- and fed all- the 19 wanted produce a or ISTninlnn d. th largest Island, where we pro pose spending the rest of the day. In the mean time, let me collect my scattered histo rical notes of Iceland, and give the promised brief outline which the reader has a right to demand, in order the better to comprehend the story of a thousand years, now about to be commemorated. . ' . 1 una oegan, soon auer and fed r.i. that U wanted. will nrodi Christianity, wnen tne art 01 wnuug w- u- - t-t e mi L ni; troduced and schools were opened in all parts maximum quantity of milk.the superior quali of the Wand The easy form" ot Christianity ty of the milk more than making up what maugurated in 1000 changed little-in thehab- "ay be lacking in quantity, bo that so far as ."iuf " V ., ti,- 'Tnnfnre of milk aioneis concerned, grass, (green or dried) its ot tastes of the people. The expo euro ot fe(d.(.nlifssin ' In other feeds. as larse as it has been at any time since. We find no incident of general interest in the history of Iceland until the year 982, when Bishop Fridrek and ThorvalcT Kbdren- son first preached Christianity, and when or to carry it to a wate Piacu while in calf and fat her when free of the Erik the Red, banished by the thing, or assem-1 hunger and cold or be devoured by wild am- wMo 2ab Twould aid in the fat- Greenland, where he made a settlement 'on r The chan-e of faith,' therefore, stiU allowed i temng process.
State Agricultural Journal (Raleigh, N.C.)
Standardized title groups preceding, succeeding, and alternate titles together.
Aug. 27, 1874, edition 1
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