Newspapers / State Agricultural Journal (Raleigh, … / Nov. 28, 1874, edition 1 / Page 5
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An Opinion and a Reply. Said the Charlotte Democeat : "The hum bugging talk abont our farmers shipping their cotton direct to Enrope, and not selling it in our villages, towns, and cities, will not amount to much. After two or three of our farmers have been cheated out of their crops of cotton, by the home and foreign agents, but few Will afterwards be fooled by the smart and selfish inen,.who manipulate the Grange , organiza- To this the Concord Sun replied : We think the above remarks exceedingly unjust and ill timed. The gentlemen who have the manipulation of the Grange move ments in this State are not men to whom the epithet of humbug can be applied. Dr. Co lumbus Mills, theMasUr of the State Grange has a reputation, that defies such assertions. He was elected because he was a gentleman of enlarged ideas, a successful farmer, a polished gentleman, and an honest man. Who can de ny this ? The Grange organization, in their wisdom, and with a desire to promote the best interest of the farmer, adopted this Direct Trade Union as a means io assist one another, and to keep the manipulation of the cotton crop out ot the hands and beyond the cpntrol ot New England capitalists, who with their money could put the price of cotton up or down, just as their good dictated and have appointed captain James F. Johnston, ot Char-' jotte, as me agent ot the Union. Captain is well known, perionally,'to many of our far mers they made his acquaintance during the; war, (he is a brother of the gallent Genera Robert D. Johnston) and none who knew Cap tain J, during the war, or who have'since made his acquaintance, can believe that he is the man alluded to by brother Yates, as one of the "smart and selfish men," who manipulate the; Grange organization, and 'one of the home agents, who would cheat them out of their cot ton. , N . A: Fair Criticism. if thrown in to swell the pilej will be of value, instead ot as now, a complete waste. y?e should not complain thatour lands are becoming p'oorer every, year J" while we neg lect the means within easy reach to sustain their fertility. We must not grumble because we cannot afford to buy the expensive artifi cial manures of commercej and give this as an excuse why we make poor crops, when we al low huudredsof cords of natural manure of the best quality to lie ungathered and unused til around us. One hand and ox-team put to work now will build up an immense bank of fertility before seed time, which will in harvest add many a bale of cotton and barrel of corn to the crop. But now is the time to begin. Let no con-, sideration arrest the work Gather np the leaves, cleau up out of the-'fence corners, pile up the corn-stalks, haul away the muck from the borders of the branch, burn up the old logs and brush now cumbering the ground, and collect the ashes, mix them all together .with a few bushels of slaked lime, making the pile! broad and fiat on top, and early in the sprjng add the stable manure and other, fer menting matter. ! The labor expended will cost very little. The lime can be bought for a few dollars. The result will be a permanent enriching of the land and largely increased crops. American .Farmer. sist ten night. A correspondent maintains, with good show of justice, that it is " a shame on the name of Agriculture" to couple it with the majority of modern fairs, and he1 expresses the sentiment of all thoughtful and conscientious people when he asserts that unless these exhibitions can be conducted on correct principles, it might be better for the country "to have them abandoned altogether. It is worth while, he thinks, for each individual manager to ask himself whether he is hot concerned in an en terprise which tends" directly or indirectly to corrupt the morals of his neighborhood, While our common schools and academies have been vastly improved, and while the people, ara general' thing, have been advanc ing both in morality and intelligence, the ag ricultural fairs so called have become so de moralized that they offer more temptation to vice than; any other gathering . of thejpeople. If the cause for this is caietuliy'traceo7iTrvtrif in many instances at least, be found to arise from the influence exercised by wealthy men living in towns and at the county seat, whi contribute largely to the expenses, who drive last horses, and who care little about' he common people. Still being active, and in some respects public spirited, they contrive to obtain a controlling Influence, and then, during the days of the lair they are out in their carriages, the greatest men of all. If there are to be fairs worthy of the name the host- farmers must insist upon having the mjinjiiToment. and in many cases the location of the fair should be in the center of the far-m-inor, not' in the center of the commercial re gion. N. Y Tribune. . How to Mve Sheep. l L Bike many other persons, I handled sheep a long time before acquiring the art of driving them to the best advantage, when the sheep are iturned on the rad without anv help to as- me. The first day I drove from eight to miles, and got them in good pasture, at Ihe next morning, after getting under way, 1 found the sheep were very hard to drive; they wanted to lie down under-every 6hade, and I labored hard all day, and only made sev en or eight miles on the journey ; and this was my experience for three or four days. I be gan at last to reflect as to the j cause of the sheep driving so badly, and it occurred to mej that the reason was, they had filled them selves during the night, and wanted to lie down and chew their cud,' instead of tra veiling on a full stomach: 1 1 resolved to change my tactics at the next stopping place. According ly, when night carue, instead of turning them into a pasture field as heretofore, I put them into-a nice, clean barnyard, and let them rest all night instead of eating. The result was that next morning when I turned them on the road I had toget before them to restrain them. I found it necessary to use a long pole to keep them, back, so marvellous was the change, and so impetuous was their anxiety to push ahead.r The reason for this change was simply owing to the fact that the sheep had had a good night's rest, and were fresh and hungry. Selected. Ship Building in North Carolina. At ono time ship building was carried on as extensively in this State as in any State in the Union. Commencing from a very early pe riod when the first settlers built their canoes, 8m all boats ano "plantation built" vessels, down to 1666 xvhen the business of building ships on the Pasquotank river for transporta tion of produce to West Indies and where the vessels were Boldwith their cargoes, up to a few years since a large number ot the vessels required in the trade were built of North Ca rol ma material and by North Carolina me chanics and were j considered aa good as any constructed abroad. Why is it that this busi ness has been abandoned ? The State has an abundance of as gocd material now for ship builders as then there- Is the same demand for good vessels, and we cannot but believe this branch of the mechanical art, if carried on extensively, would become one of the most important of trades in the State. Let some ofour friends in: tho " Old North State" re vive the trade and we have no fears of their success. ilT Y. South; h ' j Changin; Seed. ' Every wide-awake, intelligent farmer knows from experience or observation, that it is to his, interest financially to change seed, more f articularly that of cereal crops, frequently. t is riot necessary that a day's journey be made to effect the exchange, bot the desired quantity may be engaged from a ,neighbtr a few miles away. Just now is a very proper time to look after the matter, while farmers are preparing their year's, product for market. The best, or as desirable an article as the gran ary affords, can probably be obtained ; and even if a slight difference per bushel is de manded, and the article pleases, there should be no hesitation , in paying jit. Look well to the germinating properties of all seed grain, and its entire freedom from obnoxious seed. Country Gentleman. , Fish Scrap as a Fertilizer. At Lubec I noticed a mowing field which shew plainly that it had been well fed, not with neat stock, but fish. The owner inform ed me that 25 tons of hay had been taken from five acres in one season. It had to be carried from the field to be cured, and 18 tons was cut last season. Some of the land had been mow ed 19 successive years, dressed once in two j ears (in Sept.) With small herring, at the rate of from 10 to 15 bbls. per acre. Farmers are now securing the small and refuse herring at the fish houses at 25 cts. per bbl. Some are composted wfcile many are spread upon grass land or ploughed in in their crude state. Cor. Maine Farmer. What some Western .Doingr. Farmers are The Farmer's Union (Minnesota) of Octo ber. 10th says: "Grasshoppers, potato bugs, drouth, chinch bugs and prairie fires and two per cent, a month are driving many fanners troui their farm3 in Aarions sections of the 'West. Some have ttfrown up their claims entirely, preferring to risk starvation in the towns rather than on the prairies." A days Work on the Farm. No State has fixed by law the number of hours which shall constitute a legal dav's work on the farm. But there is just as much reason why the farm laborer's day?a work should be measured as the mechanic's. The length of a day's work may always be gov erned by specific agreement between tho em ployer and employed ; but in the absence of any such agreement a legal standard should always govern. But in the case of farm labor there is no such legal standard, hence custom in localities governs and is frequent cause of dissatisfaction and dispute. Plaster and Grass. It has been 6hown that at the Michigan Agricultural College a singly bushel of plas ter added to a full ton of hay to the yield of an acre of ground in the five, most of it in tho four mowings that followed two crops being taken off the ground "each of the two years succeeding the sowing of the plaster. - - i A Cabbage Story from Colorado. Mr.. Taylor, of Lorimer, has harvested this 3'ear from 4 acres "nigh on to" 40 tons of the melancholy bulb. One load of a summer va riety averaged 26 pounds per head. But this is moderate alongside of what was done dur ing the early history of the Territory, i e:f three years ago. In that primeval time; 4t by putting on temporary sideboards, two feet high, on top of those of the usual height, Mr. Taylor was enabled, to load 39 heads on his farm wagon. The fortieth head was put on but couldn't be made to stay. He drove the loa.d to Chevenne and endeavored to sell to the proprietor of the Railroad House. This individual, however, wanted but a sackful, but when informed that it would be impossible to get one head in the sack, the landlord desired to 6ee the load. His report soon drew around the wagon a number of Eastern men, and in fifteen minutes the load was disposed of at a cent and a half per pound over tho market price, and every head was sent to the State3 as specimens of Colorado's productions: The lbad weighed over 1,700 pounds, making an average for the 39 heads of 46 pounds each. m Y'.Tribune. Trirr; it j- lies. -Jiadlx-Ginned Cotton. A Macon, Georgia, paper says that a very ;.t. w Repeated Acts. While shaking hands : --. i . 'i - . . that sorno of InB if rt'fH 1 wc.M aaywe n ot lcea The most. successful and of the Farmer's Clubs carelessly put up bale of cotton was receired ward, and he had not the power of straighten at a warehouse in that city ,lately. In the 'S them. Alluding to this, he said : In "J1U I . .... -r- ! rt I- Tr 1 ' 1 . 1 1 i.: 1 1. 1 '. .Ul. .nn.'nf if nrna f,in ti A on lrnn (Yii i (TonTl on nIH I tnOS usual iiuaiuuuuiai uigauiz-auuno nrn ucutc. '" "r vw. ... w T? Sfiff T eA U;U w ,no;r,frl flco i'n Whih .ancarro rrrinflpr a na r of hinrrGS and toiir LU uiiiiuicu.- uyC4 xxli,j ycio a. uw "w w j - i I cd , ri- the social feature is not ignored those where pieces of irou tie, each a foot and a half in the club or society meetsat the house of some length. The whole of the iron contents oi this' one oi us memDers ana is en:eriainea wun a oaie weigneu uiiiuitjeu yuuuu&.; xuo uiJiiiurti dinner and social reunion, as well as instruct-- shipper of the bale will beiiotihed that the ar cd ty the discussion of some farm, orchard or tides are here subject to his order. He ought garden topic. This seems the best modede- to be more careful in future about how he al- virpH for Rfionnnor and riftrnfitnatino- atten- nws extraneous matter to eel mixea Wltn Ills . .w- . r i- t-j-, . " . " dande and cohesion. of such meetings secures opinion ana the giving ot those who might be too timid to speak for mally in a public meeting. Besides, the informality cotton, ;as the bale might fall, fall into the an expression ofJ hands of some suspicious person, who might to drive a stage, and these bent hngers show the effects of holding the reins for so many years. j.iiis lsine text. 16 it not a suggeai- ivc one? Does it not teach us how oft-re peated acts become a habit, and once acquir ed it remains generally through life! The old raau's crooked fingers, are but an emblem of the crooked tempers 'words and actions of men and women. purposely piacea xnerei and prosecute the packer for fraudulent prac-? tices. Tlic Compost Heap. Women Farmers- We call attention to these facts now that the length of the evenings and the closing up of the autumn work will enable farmers and their families to meet each other in such profit able social intercourse. Where Granges are organized this feature is secured to the neigh- a condition for the crops to digest easily. It borhood and such a suggestion is unnecessary; Jonesboro;' while from the latter place to is a work which is easy of 'accomplishment, if but where ihere is no Grange, or wher- there Jonesport there is quite a variety of. soil and it is steadily pursued, but untortunateiy it re- may be omections to organizing one, a neigh- scenery. Un this route to-day l met a youn r.pivea but little attention from the maioritv of hnrhnAfl pnh nt'tha rharantfir ahovi indicated, team of six steers, two yearlings and four 2 Southern planters. There are very tew pla- in which all the adult members of everv fam The winter is the time to, prepare' the com post heap, to gather -4he materials and incor- Dorate them, so that in spring tney will be in -w " 'l . i Ll 1 Tr I lound some tnrnty rarmers at "kiltie ien- soc,eties nebec" in Machias and English man's liiver, This, from' the Elmira Gazette, may servo as a mnt to wuom it may concern : -olb mo season for social festivities approaches, our Farmers' Club begins to consider its annual public re-union and to receive invitations to siVnilar pleasant parties arranged by kindred year olds, all attached toja cart and driven in ces where the materials for a large and valua- ily may participate, will be found to be a good style by a girl. Accosting her to learn 1.1 L - i. T 11, i.J ,1 ; .1 t 1 f 5 a if J i. 1 : 1. rn.tA nnA vnnliaH "nlotr Die couiposu Jieap cuuuofc ue cuuecieu uunug wilOiesome means OI instruction auu enier- tier age, biie rniscu uci guv4 oimicpucu the winter months, if we only take the neces- tainment during the winter months. Rural en next January." The steers must have been taroe o nan ti ties ot tobacco are being ship ped from flichmond, Danville, Petersburg and other points to this market. Durham Tobacco Plant. 1 1 m 1 nil 1 it I -m-r- I -wr- - sary trouDie. ne ianen leaves irom me jeio lorker. woods, all refuse vegetable matter, creek mud and a little lime, will make an excellent com post with stable manure, cotton seed and all other matter which will produce fermentation Camels are raised in Nevada. Upon one ranch ti . , i . p . upon uarson river mere are iweniy-iour nne well trained or else she was a good trainer for healthy animals, all of Nevada growth. He has Preserving Manure, r- . l ' one so young, un anomer occasion a woman was driving two cows with a cart to the for est for fire-wood. Cor. Main Farmer. become thoroughly acclimated. and decomposition. It is astonishing what a .-Vy large pile of fertilizing matter can be collected tnaT tno ' The Boston Journal of Chemistry states sources of loss in the storage of ma- t l" A 1 .17 I A. - 1 r -! -. ia ;f nure are two ; nrst: me escape oi voiauie am j ' monia and other gases and, secondly the Jos3 erv day. . , . , , AVherever river mud or muckTcan be had - . r ithout too much hauling, nothing is better cultJ m.at b? viatfed "B the hen mixed with slacked lime in the proper- ment with eight or ten inches of good Corn North and South. wi when tion. of a bushel of the latter to half a cord of the former. The heap should be worked over well, so as to pulverize and mix the mgredi ents thoroughly, and when warm weather commences, decomposition will take place im mediately. We should begin now to gather leaves, trash and muck, and sprinkling the The first diffi- the excre soil, or loam, which will absorb all escaping gases. A bushel or so of plaster may be advantageously scattered over the heap before the soil is thrown on. The whole mass should be perfectly cov ered, leaving no "chimney" for gaseous exu dation. The danger of leaching may be avoided by covering- the heap with hay or 6traw 8Ut- The introduction of a Northern variety ot corn into a Southern latitude would result in its early change, and the loss of all its native peculiarities. No plant is more plastic under the influences oi sou ana cnmate man corn, and a small variety in the North would very soon become a large variety when grown in the South. JV. Y. Tribune.. Louisville, Kentucky, has 500 manufactories, investing $20,000,000, producing wares worth $56,000,000, employing 10,000 persons, who re ceive 8,000,000 annually in wages, i An Iowa agriculturalist raised this year sixty- three acres of onions, which, according to the Western Farmer, " it is thought would average over 400 bushels jer acre. 1 ' tr-e rvUh limn aalrPor1xT in,' UCieniiy miCK IO BUCU IlJUfcU UI lUtJ raiu. T,Pav it until srin Avhen. bv add- iu this way a sufficient time, the manure ing to it about one-quarter of itsbulk of stable undergo spontaneous decomposition, the the firgt winter alter piantlng prevents sway- kffl Il forthe busi mfnure, cotten seed and such other vegetable Vnets i of which will be ready for immediate ing by wind? protects the roots, is a barrier to wouid CODsent to wor . li L llft if mill Vionnmn -n assimilation by plants, ihe usual process oi nnA nrnj, nw Rnnfirahnndant water. To I C. i . 4nn matter as can be collected, it Will become one of the richest possible fertilizers. Ashes can be added to such a pile with great advanatge, and the refuse from the. kitchen and outhouse, by plants, ihe usual process carting manure to the fields in the autumn to waste, bv both the above processes, some of their most valuable constituents. Extraoedixaey Fabmixq With four hands Mr. . O. T. Thomas who resides in thej neighborhood of Danville, made 14,600 pounds of Tobacco, wmcn Drongnt mm z,ouu , aisu, ow v corn, 164 bushels of wheat and about 500 bush els of oats, This speaks well for Mr. Thomas industry and business oi iarmmg. ai work on a salary, he could com- J A V ...LnJ.( T.tA. rn I . .. 11 " '.Wn ' VlOirtTKT mice, anu turns ou suuerauuuuaui aici. xu i rnand more than any cierK m xaifvmc, i.& cover me DanKing wim ume i uuk au&uiuit:iy been onerea $i,4uu a year. necessary, although, when properly used, lime "When a man puts his whole mina anu uuuj uu is beneficial to fruit trees. iV. Y. Tribune. it, fanning in the Zan VaUey pays. Banking Fruit Trees. Heaping up soil around the stems of trees
State Agricultural Journal (Raleigh, N.C.)
Standardized title groups preceding, succeeding, and alternate titles together.
Nov. 28, 1874, edition 1
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