I'
NEWBERN, N. C, SATURDAY, 22d JULY, 1843.
VOL. I.
NO. 5.
tl
TERMS:
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Job Work, in
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very.
fT3 Unpaid 7.KTTERS,
addressed to " The
K-wtjc.Ti.i-n." will not, in any case, uc taken .rum
tie poslofBtc.
;ir. CALHOUN AND THE U. S. BANK.
In the course of Mr. Miller's Speech here
Vil week, ho stated tlt Mr. Calhoun was
the author of 'hf bill which pssed Congress
ia i 3 1 G, incoporating ha late U. S. Bank.
Gc:. blunders interrupted him, by denying
t.iaiMr. Cai'.ioun had introduced the bill.
This was d'jny h so positive a manner, that
Mr. Miller, ihongh confidant tli I be was
Wilt! yet did riou-ress the point but told the
(ieiiura! tint .Mr. Calhoun at least tfoffd for
------ r
,n S re;ij bis br,ist in 1S34, th l tut lor
Mm tii
i,., !? ... . itn., i mil iiAV wn!i charter-
13.
fd
1
itli of which Saunders admitted.
i 1 'Vi II ) eVUi illCO HUH SMIISIIKD us, mm
Mr ..;.i'.M- right and the Gen. wrong ;
c , ( ! ,t dm G-rncrai's positive assertion was
,,,,:, i ;,! ' o;,ii to i Uii.vhd of tho fact
v. lirii Uft inserted, boi lo a i-iesumpt ion that
: . . .-.f vm not a , and ih it be might
in ik a iluii il 'i i uviom, - 'iiud bt?
vc.i. ;a every body U:w io bad been
) I iiifj i:i jiii!ic bf, -I 1 uuiM t iki.ow true
iue s.te of tint ense " I'fiersborg In-
..i.;..i if;is oiit to nress at about
' C i I II V. Z 1 .- I '
i ! V'M V I'J'KII'.'Clt Ol
rtie General's denial.
fi.i.i"ib fo 'Iog fi!i;giapb :
.. if . -.iprvi );i d rot m.re rerlainly
- v.iM (if.ri- WahiMjr-o.i was the first
"i .. i r.f th- U:utfd StatH. than we know
. . r, i'-ih:;in was thft able, epm'.ou
rre
that
and
- iv.. if r.l" n ivoime .f th charter ot the ialit Bank.
II 'sok'! in it b-jnidf. reported the bill for its charter.
.... J iv.'c. i':'. Tiint p nion of Mr. Madt?on s
.aif. o! isto, which recommended a Bank to
sliu iiM.-nii'Mi ot Con-ress, was reh rred to a select
f:om:n'Hce.of vvliich " John Caldwell Ca!hmni
...as Chninnai. and i: reported a hill for a charter
-,. i-.Ti'-ifiit" Jhaf if pissid both houses, and was
i'm. t fl'nni nf iIm Pi-2iitiit madfi the taw oi
; !ri:i
imJ Air J.ih.i C!l.itrvil Calhoun votm lorn.
In thj ' Life of Julio I. Calhoun," pub
lished by bis friends, (pag-s 16 17.) it ili
;:o found (hit al iho Session of Congress of
; SI 4-15. n C bill was introduced by th
AdiUinisiraiion or Republican party, provi
h lor a capiial of fifty millions, to consist
r,!,ii ! entir'd y of govortiinorit stock. Mr.
C. 1 1'. u a n Is id ti:o good sens to se that such
n Uink ivoiild not remedy the evils undei
uljicii tin? country was then laboring, and
propnrcd a substitute for the bill, which was
a jopied at first, but afiei wards rejected, and
.'Mother till pissed, which President Madi-
r.Ki vcioeo, not on onstitirionai grounob,
but b cause if would not affjrd the rulter
itquifed by I !i e Tioasury.
At the next Session, 1S15 16, in con
r.cq ! .iice of the oromineuco be bad acq iir
r i at tho preceding Session on the Bank
Question, Mr. Calhoun v,is appointed
Chairman nf tlio Commitle on thtf Cut.
iiMicv. (See Life of Calhoun, page 13.) i
Ti;e " Life" does not say in so many words,
! l .Mr. Cai'ioun introduced the bill ; fur
'ini 'm ; responsibility which the Calhounites
would like now to throw cdT, as Gen. Saun
lors aUe(D)led to do. But it says, The
s ilijoct of Currency was particularly en
trusted to Mr. Calhoun. " (Sep page" 22.)
Thai i4 the Administration was in favor of a
Buik, and the President, (Mr. Madison) re
coiiur.endtid out n his Mirssago at the com-
me:iCPs:uMit
lrrcat ho.iii
ot
the S
cssion." 1 hat int
19
the.
llciiublican vartn in
Congress cot.currr.il in thp r.o f the, a,1
viinistralum, but there were many of them
who had, on consitutionuA grounds, insuper
able objections to the measure. These
added to the Federal party, who had been
against the war and were, in consequence,
against a Bank constituted a formidable
opposition."
The " Life" goes on to say, that Mr. Cal
houn Ti as opposed " in the abstract," to the
whole banking svstem ; but perceiving
thou no other wny of relieving government
'rom its difficulties, he yielded to the opinion
tiiat a bank was indispensable," Like
f any other cf tho South Corolina and Vir
" abst. actions, " which are fine enough
to look -.xx, or talk about, but utterly unfit for
use. eiU bU was taken up for discus
.nT nul.x U"' vide""y in accord
of he I II ,h CU5lm wWch author
says the 44 Life," is .aid to
o the most elaborate and poTverru e
delivered." (Page 23.) The bill passed a
as our readers of cours know, the late
Bank of the United States. Gen. Jackson's
celebrated 44 Moiiiter," vras created by it.
l. was followed un another bill, which
. Calhoun supported, prohibiting tho re
ceipt of notes of none-specie navinn Banks :
ana iroUf;lMllejoinl 'of tfl ,wo
measures (say, u Lif M) (he cu
lias brought to tht specie standard$ and
evil remedied.
And now, forfooth, the Address of tha South
w" 4a'"'ncs Ulsr7 by wacrtios,
thai " Few men have ben so efficient in saving the I
liberties of the country from that most dangerous of
a '.I the instruments of Federalism, U. S Bank : I Is
iiot this a fo'd declaration for the author ef the
Bank, and its most strenuous defender even after
Jackson had vetoed a bill for its re-charter t
P. S. Yesterday's Register contains a letter from
Mr. Miller, showing from the Journal of the House
of Repreienlaiives, for 1315, pago 13G. that on the
8lh of January, 1815 Mr. Calhoun did introduce
the Bank Bill, which Gen. Saunders denied that he
had introduced. In our next we will publish thex
fetter, which contains other interesting facts.
Faytttcille Observer.
JACKSON'S LETTCPv ON THE .
TARIFF.
11 Washington City, April 26, 1824.
Slit: I invH the honor, ibis day, to re
ct:ivH your letter of the 2Ut instant, and,
with candor, sh-ii! mpfy to it. My" name
bas been brought before the nation by the
peoplo themsslves, without any agency of
mine ; for I wish it not to be forgotten that
I havo r.ever solicited office ; nor when call
ed upjn constituted authorities, have ever
declined, when I conceived my services
could be beneficial io my country. But as
my name has been brought be'ore the na
tion, for the firs't office io the gift of the peo
ple, it li incumbent on me when asked
frankly to declare my opinion upon any
political or national question, pending be
fore and about which the country feels no
interest.
14 You ask my opinion on the Tariflf. I
answer, that I am in f.ivor of a judicous ex
amination and revision of it ; and so far as
the Tariff bill btf ore us embraces the de
sign of fostering, protecting, and preserving
within ourselves the means of national de
fence and independence, particularly in a
state of war, I would advocate and support
it. The experience of iho late war ought
to teach us a lesson, one never to be forgot
ten. If our liberties and republican lorn)
of government, procured for us by our re
volutionary fathers, are worth the blood and
me ireaa 1 'hich thev were obtained,
it surely is our duty to proiec ni defend
them. Can there be an American patriot,
wbo maw privations, cJtiiio,a ,! Aiflftcu
ties experienced for iho want of proper
means of defence during the last war, who
would be willing agnin to hazatd the safety
of our country , if embroiled ; or to rest it
for defence on the precaiiou means of na
tional resource to be derived from com
merce in the state of war, with a maritime
power, who might destroy that commerce
to prevent us obtaining the means of d
ience, and thereby subdue us ? I hope
there is not ; and if ihkre is, 1 am sure lie
does not deserve to enjoy the blessings of
freedom. Heaven smiied upon, and gave
us liberty and independence. That same
Providence lias blessed us with the means
of national defence. If we omit or refuse
louse the gifts which he has extended to us,
we deseive not the continuation of his bles
sing?. lie has filled our mountains and
our plains with minerals; with lead, iron
and copper ; and given us climate and soil
for the growing of om hemp and wool.
These being t tie grand materials of our na
tional defence, they ought to have extend
ed to them adequate and fair preteetion,
that our own manufactures and laborers,
may be placed on a fair competition with
those of Europe, and that we may hnve
within our country, a supply of those leading
and important aiticles, so essential in war.
Cryond this, I look at the taiifT with an eye
to the proper distribution of labor, and to
revenue ; and with a view to discharge our
national debt, i am one of those who do
not believe that a national debt is a national
blessing
lllf fulfil!.,. 1 IMIrt n tsi -m
, i u 1 1 1 c i nine iu a lupuuiiC,
inasmuch as it is calculated to raist mound
the administration a monied aristocracy,
dangerous 10 'he country. This Tariff 1
mean a judicious one possesses more fanci
ful than real danger. I would ask what is
the real situation of the agriculturist 1
Where has tho American farmer a market
for his sutp'us product 1 Except for cotton,
he has neither a foreign nor a home ni irket.
Does not this clearly prove, when there i
no market either at homo or abroad that
there is too much labor employed in agri
culture ; and that the channels for labor
should be multiplied ? Common sense
points out, at once the remedy. Draw
from agriculture this superabundant labor ;
employ it in mechanism and manufactures ;
theieby creating a home market for your
breadstufTs, and distributing labor to the
most profitable account ; and benefits to the
country will result. Take from agriculture,
in the U. Slates, six hundred thousand men,
women and children, and ou will at once
give a homo m irket for more breadstufTs than
all Europe now furnishes us. In short, sir,
we have been too long subject to the policy j
of tne oritish merchants, it :s time that we
should become a littie more Americanized ;
and instead of feeding tho paupers and la
borers of England, feed our own ; or else in
a short time, by continuing our present poli
cy, we shall all be rendered paupers our
selves.
It is therefore, my opinion that a careful
and judicious tariff i much wanted, to pay
our national debt, and afford us the means of
self defence within ourselves, on which the
safety of our counliy and liberty depends ;
a'd last, though not least, give a proper dis-
nefT-,0n l Ur ,aor wh'ch m,,st prove be
w'8 aVt X happiness, independence and
- 8 cornmunitv.
li " a .8horl 0ili'o of my opinion gen
erally, on the subjecl of your inquiry, and
believing them correct and calculated to
further the prosperity and happiness ofmy
country, I declare to you, I would not bar-
hi iiiciii i u i aKjr u in vii oitudiiort or a tern-
' poral character, that could be given me.
I have presented you with my opinion
freely, because I am without concealmen
and should, indeed, despise myself, if I
could believe myself capable of desiring the
confidence of any, by moans so ignoble.
I am, sir, very respectfully, your most
obedient servant,
(Signed) ANDREW JACKSON.
From the Charleston Courer.
THE LAMENTED LEGARE.
Pallida mors,
Equo pede, lahernas pauperum,
Turrcsque regum ; pulsal. Ilor.
Eulogy and extravagance ere too often
synonomous. The eulogist feels himself at
liberty 10 select his terms, at pleasure, from
a whole vocabulary. In tho exercise of
that discretion, there is no tribunal to whoso
laws he is amenable. There is a plenipo
tentiary power which he claims, and a
character starts into being, beneath his touch,
whose possible existence is extremely pro
blematical. Amplification and exaggeration,
hyperbole verging upon bombast ; these are
the lenses through which he exhibits charac
ter lenses which invert, and diminish, and
render ridiculous what might otherwise have
laid claim to mediocrity. Friendship, con
sanguinity and interest, the fervor of the one,
the ties of the other, and gainful avidity ol
the third, lend their agency an agency sti
mulated into action by an
over-wi ousbt
imagination and defective judgment.
11 nee ai ises doubt. W doubt from a
habit of doubting. Wi h listlessness and
impatience tho lengthened panegyric falls
ii)on tho ear, no longer potent. The chords
of feeling and intellect are still. Falsehood
leads us to incredulity, and incredulity is the
parent of injustice.
But let us away, for once, with the pre
judices of our nature, and rise to generosity
and to j ustice. Let us, in bending over the
grave of Legare, desecrate not the sacred
solemnity of t be occasion bv their baleful
exercise. JLegare, who has never, who can
never bo mentioned without adaptation and
ijit;ct. IjCgare, whose transcendani ge
nions coma uuj C t.,i with airy
heights of Olympus, and whose patriotism
lived and glowed with an inspiration caught
from 4he immortal architect of the Philli
pic's and the exiled chronicle of the Pelope
nesus.
It is something to be esteemed 'n life, and
remembered when dead. It is something
to have an unsullied reputation among those
with whom we are immediately associated
But oh, immeasurably higher and nobler tha
aspiration, which looking out upon a whole
country, and over a whole people, can find
only there a neld meet for its exercise.
To be known yet never seen. To have
won favor and admiration, to be greeted every
where with tho shouts of proud and gralefu
hearts. A whole country for a home, and
whole nation wanning into enthusiasm at the
mention of a name. This is to attain a gid
dy elevations, to reach a height worthy of
the immortality of genius. And then for
once just the world, their panegyric allied
with truth has placed Legare a Colossal
statue for the wolrd's contemplation.
Bui we shall contemplate no more in our
midst that exalted character. He is gone,
dissipated as it were in the mists of his sub
lime elevation. Gone and what remains
there 1 The shroud the saicophagus and
the clay.
Expende Hanibalem, quot libras, &c.
But he is not dead. Death, though it may
destroy the 4 sensible pi oof," of existence
is imputant against that existence itself. It
is only tho mortality of Legate that the
sityi ist could 4 weigh," only the mortality
that is exhibited in its insignificance.
Mors sola fatetur
Quanlula sint hominua corpuscu!a.
This is the highest eminence to which death
assays, his shafts are broken here. There
is tint which cannot die. When mortality
ceases, immortality begins the bright im
mortality of Legare.
" Nam divitiarum, et formae gloria Ansa afque
fragilis ; virtus ctara, deternaque habetur,"
It was superstition amiable and beautiful
in its exercise, which sent the ancient Greek
andEgwianto Heaven, in search of the
guardian spirit he had lost on faith. How
touching the conviction when one of their
number, celebrated for the lofty exercise of
virtue or patriotism was removed, that it
was to a higher sphere, here, unfettered in
action, every energy could be applied in
action, every energy could be applied in
ameliorating ihe condition of thosa so loved
in life, shield, protect and bless them. The
apotheosis of the good and the brave is
among the first sentiments of enlightened
reason, among its latest, motaphystcs can
exhibit none more tender and affecting.
It has been said (Raynal Am. Rev.) "
deification be due to man, it is undoubtedly
due to that man who fight and dies for his
native soil." Can this be affirmed of the
warrior only whose blood purchases liber
lyto his country t What is there, then,
for the genius of the scholar, whose wonder
ful resources whose transcendant effort,
untiring zeal, builds up a mighty bulwark
around that liberty preserves, confirms
and establishes it T
41 Peace has her victories," fcc.
The laurels Minerva, though less imposing
at fust sigh', are more useful and enduring
than those of Mars. The song of Homer is
heard, to remind the woild, that Ajax lived,
and agammemnon was mighty. How divine
the comfort which the dying Pericles is
said to have drawn from the reflection, that
bo had never mado one of his countrymen
wear mourning.
Republics have bten said to be ungra-e-ful.
They have been affirmed to be sterile
fields, in which disinteiested patriotism in
choaked, and perishes. And, yet, Legark
was a Republican born, lived, died, in a
Republic. But they point us te Athens!
Athens, was there ever but a fickle, trans
ient cloud, to obscure virtue there! By the
tragedy ai Susa, tho reputation of Themis
tocles was vindicated, and his memory held
venerated ever aftei. The 4Just' v-as hon
ored with a public funeral. A monumen
pierced the clouds for Socrates; and De-t
mosthenes triumphed over the vindictive
and venal thunders of the Philipized Acs
chines. i rue virtue hud liulu m i'ur f"..
he terrors of the ostracism. Its Dolencv
disarmed, and as it ?ere, io effect, cstraci
sd the ostracism itself.
In no country under heaven, can consum
mate genius and viitue reach, other than an
elevated niche in the public estimation ;
and, least of all, in a republic, whose very
soul is virtue and where, alone, it is admit"
ted the sole criterion of ciPf.lli.nrB. Tl.
amented Legare has exemplified this:
wherever his fame was heard wherever his
reputation leached, there was he revered
there is he recretted. Courtfid hv nnhlir
lonor, crowned by public confidence, he
las mounted upwards, challenging, by bis
fate, the unfeigned giief of evety bosom,
and spreading, not ulone over Chai lesion or
Washington the mantle of gloom, but over
every section of a wide republic. Great
men are the property of the nation. But
how shall wo imnrove this preat national
calamity li lias a two-fold action.
o -
Fit st. Upon our pride. To induce hu
mility. If man is ever humbled, it must be
with an exhibition of his weakness. Specu
lative admonitions of it, will not suffice,
there must be practical, exemplifications
Speak lo a man's intellect a. id he hears, ad
dress bis senses and ho understands you.
Death speaks to the senses, but is not always
equally impressive; when be goes down
into (he hovel and singles out his victim from
its mire, there are few laurels won in so un
equal a cooun, tho 'victory is little heeded,
ltm loi him seek out the palace and break
its bolts and bars, the senate house, the high
seats of authority ; let him grapple with the
strong man, and the mighty man, and the
man of genius, and burl him into eternity,
ah ! then man fearlully trembles at the im
pending power and feels that it is indeed
nothing to be man,
Second. Upon our Sympathies. To
induce emulation. To do this there mus
be a motive, and where a stronger motive
than ihe fame of Legare The nation that
wreaths a garland for the brow of a gifted,
athon, conquered at Mantinea.
noble son, will soon have fresh garlands to
wreath. The shouts that ascend to heaven
in welcome of the patriot and the sage, may
die upon the air, but they are not lost.
There have been vibiations produced in the
human heart, a morbid excitement succeeds,
the pulsations do not cease with the temoval
of their cause, and those shouts are ever af
ter heard in activity as in solitude, impelling
onward to fame and glory.
The public honors decreed at Athens to
those who became eminent in the seivice of
ihe State, accounts for Athenian glor', and
explains what was to Valerius Maximus so
great an anomaly, that after banishing Aris
tides, she could still find one virtuous or de
serving citizen invtuire aliqvcm bonum, etc.
The monument erected at ihe pass in Pbo
cia, inscribed by Simonides, was seen in the
heart of altica, nerved and inspired at Mar-
The games celebrated in honor of the
Phoiopenesan dead, and the eloquent eulo
gy of Pericles, roused, up in many a bosom
thosa dormant but noble energies, and sent
ihem eager for contest in the high fields of
thought and action.
Let us not in our own country be unmind
ful of Athenian excellence, we have emula
ted Athens in all that she was truly noble
Let us perceive that spirit of emulation.
In times that are passed we have been
called upon to weep ; our own Carolina has
decked herself in weeds, and the tribute of
her tears is the noble tribute that she pays
to genius.
A few years since and a gallant son fell
ripe in honors and mature in usefulness- And
now ag'iin is she called upon to mourn one no country in the world possesses greater advan
of the brightest of all the bricht Stars thai tages for agriculture, commerce and manufactures,
glitter in her galaxy. But genius in her rn
collectjou, fond in her gratitude, the noble
3V Dujjie responded to her call, and touched
in immortal colors the lineaments of Hat ne.
Ever consistent a new summons has
gone forth. That other bright son has been
summond from the interior to the sea
board, to pay the same melancholy tribute
to the memory of Legare. Let him come
with all his power and eloquence on his mis
ifjsion of piety.
fhrico favored Carolina vou have lost
a llaynt and a Legare but there lives a
Calhoun, a M'Duffie, and a Preston still.
How shall their places be supplied, when they
too are gone ?
There is but one way to sustain a nation's
elevation reward distinguished merit, rev
ire its memory, and educate ths youth to
emulate the virtues as well as equal the in
telligence of the bright ones that have de
parted. J B
Important Decision. The Supreme
Court of Errors at New Haven, Conn.,
have decided, in effect, that the proprietors
of the lost steamboat Lexington are respon
sible for all the freight on board at the time
of the destruction, although notices were
posted op in the boat, and inserted in the
bills of lading, that all freight was to heal
the risk cf the owners.
THE TARIFF.
From an excellent Speech delivered in Congress
by Mr. Morris, of the democratic Slate of Penn
sylvania, we make the following extract :
"I shall not pursue this discussion farther, ex
cept to glance at the gist of the whole argument
against the Tariff i. e. the old exploded doctrine,
that it taxes the consumer for the benefit of the
manufacturer. A complete refuUtian cf this
charge is to be found in the descending piices of
Ameiican da since the imposition of the Tariff.
Before IS 16, the price of a yard of cotton skirtings
was 35 cis. and the wages of a lactory boy 50 cts.
per wetk; now the same shirting is eold for 6 cts.
a yard, and the wages of the operatives have risen
to $2,00 per week. Such has bee n the effect uoon
a
all cither fabric s made in the country upon i.ur
woulens, hosieries and particularly upon our cali
coes, a htcl, in neatness of pattern, richness of
color, and strength cf texture, now maintain a suc
cessful c ompetition wiih th English calicoes, both
n the domestic and in the foreign market. Our
cottons are now produced so chea ply that we have
driven the British dealer from the South Ameiican
market, and we are able to compete with him and
the Hindoo, even in the Ea3t Indies. I, myself
have heard American cottons cried in the streets
of Constantinople, and have seen the voluptuos
Turk roll his bead in a turban of American cotton
and swath his luxurious limbs in the cotton stuffa
of Lowell and all River. Our manufactures now
find their way into all the open po its of the world
"Now, sir, fro m all this wide range of discus
sion into which I have been driven by the general
attacks upon the w hole policy of Protective duties,
1 think the following practical conclusions may be
deduced.
1. That no nation has ever beccme prosperous,
powerful, rich or really independent, but by ihe
protection of its own manufactures and produc
tions. 2. That Each has been the Dolicv of England.
of all the great states of the world, and such the
established practice f the Colbert", tho Sallys,
the Walsinghams, the Pitts, the Elann'tons, the
Jtffersons, and all the other great statesmen.
3. That such has been the policy cf tha UnUed
States from their origin as a nation.
4. That the manufactures of this country have
been created and developed by the Tariff, and
that they are now abundant sources of national
wealth.
5. That in the progress of our manufactures
the com groioer cf the West, the collon grower of the
South, end all Ike agricultural interests, have been
greatly benefitted by the opening of a domestic
market.
6. That the charges preferred against the es
tablishment of manufactures, as tending to cor
rupt and demoralize society, are entirely erroneous,
as demonstrated in the condition of tue manufac
turing population of this country.
7. That a relaxed Tariff leads to excessive im-
poriauons, which drain tne country ot specie,
and derange all business and monetary operations
8. That tho protective policy is a policy of self
defence, and necessary to the national indepen
dence. 9. That the old cry, that a Protective Tariffis a
taxation of the consumer for the benefit of the ma
nufacturer is a fallacy, as evinced in the rapid
growth and constant cheapening ot manufactures in
:his country, since their establishment.
And lastly, in every point ot view, national, po.
litical and social, the Protective system is produc
tive of the greatest benefits,
Here, sir, I rest my defence cf American Industry.
I do not desire to see this country become a great
political power overshadowing the world like the
giant form of England, but I do say, that with all
our mnlliphed facilities, this is the very country
for great manufacturing operations. What would
it be were it a mere agricultural or pastoral coun
try ? A mighty wilderness of forest and prairie,
roamed over by a few shepherds and their flocks
an Arcadian solitude where a few shagey Corydons
with their herds might shelter themselves in the
depths of the vast forests, or bask upon the virgin
bosom of boundless prairies, Sir, w ere the great
streams which course their way from the remote
fountains of the North intended only to roll their
waters between solitary shores, and lose themselves
iu'the ocean ? Yonder broad river which pours
its rapid current along the foot of this hill to the
Chesapeake, was i not destined to bo the channel
by which the riches of the mountains that border it,
and the resources of the country through which it
flows, might reach the seaboard ? Look at the
fields of the South covered with cotton, rice, tobac
co, sugar and hemp to the prairies of Ihe west
crowned with waving crops of wheat, rye and corn,
crabracingall the agricultural staples of the world,
from the cotton and the sugars of the Indies lo
the grain of the Bnttic, and the wheat of the
Odessa to our hills covered with every variety
timber and to the wide spread surface of the
country bounded up and linked together by natur
al communications. I say, sir. with this diversified
soil on which we can raise all the productions of
the world with Ihe bracing climate of the North
which nourishes a race of bold and hardy seamen
the long line of seaboard pierced by excellent
nnris-and with nit our nlher rtfttnrnl advantages that
and that they can never be developed, and partial
larly the latter, but by a fair and legitimate system
of DOMESTIC PROTECTION
MR. CALHOUN AND A NATIONAL
CONVENTION.
In 1834 Mr. Calhoun made a speech on
the removal of the Depositee, in which he
took occasion to express himself in very
strong terms, as is his wont, against a Na
tional Convention. We annex an extract.
After reading this, one will not be suprised
that Mr. Cjlhor.n's friends in his own State
are the very first to appoint Delegates to a
National Convention I
Extract from a Speech of Mr. Calhoun in 1834.
"Mr. Calhoun said that the Senator from Ken
tacky, in conneiion with this part ot the discussion,
read a striking passage from one of the most pleas
ing and instructive writers in any language, Plu
tarch the description of Cxsar forcing bimslf,
sword in hand, into the Treasury of the Roman
Commonwealth. We are at the same stage of
our political revolution, and the analogy between
the two cases is complete, varied only by the
character of the actors and the circumstances of
the times. That was the case of an intrepid asd
bold warrior, at an cpen plunderer, seizing forcibly
the treasury of the country, which, in that Repub
lic, as well as our. was confided to the leguhtive
department oftbrs Government. The actors in
cur case are of a diferent character artful, cunning,
and corrupt politician' and not fearless warriors.
Tfaey have entered the Treasury, cot sword ia
hand, a, public plunders, hut with the f.,lse leys of
sophu'nj, aspitftrtrs. under Ihe silence of midnielit.
The motive and bjsti are Ihe same, varied in like
manner by character and circumstances. 'With
money I will get men, and with men rower was
tne raanin ol the Roman plunderer. With money
we will get jmwsaus, tchh partisans roles, and tcith
lutes money. $ the maiim of our public nUierers.
With men and money Caar struck down" Rotnaii
liberty at the fatal battle of Piiilli,.pi, never to -riso
againfrom which disastrous hour ail the powers
of the Roman Republic w ere consolidated in the
person of Caar, and perpetuated in his line. With
money and corrupt partisans, a great effort is now
making to choka and stifle American liberty,
through all its natural organs- br corrupting the
press, by overawing the other departments, and,
finally, by setting .uprt 1iew a,,j polluted organ,
composed of rffiaholdtrs and corrupt partisansun
ihrtht mine of a National Contention, which coan
ierfcitnig the toice vfthe People, w ill if not resisted
in their uaine. dictate the succession ; when the deed
will be done the revolution be completed and
I II power of our Republic, in like manner, be con
soliJuted iu the President, and perpetuated by his
dictation."
HOW THE TARIFF OPERATES.
Every day conti ibutes some pioof of how .
completely the operation of tho present Ta
riff Law in the $otilh has been misunder
stood or m'isrcpiesented. Goods of almost
all descriptions are cheaper than they havo
ever b?cn, and the advocates of free trade
must look lor other arguments than thoa of
the injurious operation of tho Tariff on the
agricultural States. Tho article cf Salt,
which enters so largely into the consump
tion of tho people, may be found for slc at
the Store of a worthy drmociatic friend of
ours, in this town, at $1 62 cents pet band
cf 270 lbs. This salt w us manufactured at
the Salina works, New York, and is as
good as the Liverpool salt which soils at
175 and $2 per sack of 229 lbs.
The rascally Tariff has compelled tho
Southern planter to py 44 two prices" for
his salt lias it not Messieurs ol tho freo
tf ado school 1 Pertersburg Intelligencer
The President and Irish lltpcal. The
President while in Philadelphia was waited
on by a Committee of the Irish Repeal As
sociation, and invited to attend a meeting of
that body. Engagements pieicnfed him
from accepting ihe invitation, but the Phila
delphia Ledger reports him as using the fol
lowing language lo the Committee :
"I am the decided friend of the repeal of the Le
gislative Union between Great Britain and Ireland;
that I ardently and anxiously hope tLatlt may tak'j
place, and that I have the utmost confidence that
Ireland will have her own Parliament, in her own
capital, in a very short lime. Ou this great ques
tion I am no half-way man."
While we cannot condemn the sympathy
felt by the American People for the wrongs
cf Ireland, we cannot shut our eyes to the
gross impropriety of the language quoted
above. The President of the U. States rc-3
presents this country in its negotiations and
intercourse wrth foreign nations, and what
right has he to use language which is calcu
lated to disluib the friendly relations which
exist between our own nnd another Govern
ment ? He does not talk as John Tyler ; if
he did, Heaven knows there would bit littlo
harm in any thing he would say: but ho
speaks as the Chief .Magistrate of (he Union,
and should therefore put a bridle on what
seems to be his "unruly member."
Petersburg Intelligencer,
"JOE GALES."
Extract of a Utter from Washington, in the X. Y.
Express.
"I send my card to the editors of the Intelligen
cer and was received in a bland and affable man
ner ; first by Mr. Seatcn, whom I found quite bu
sy in the management of tho municipal concerns
of the city, to which he has sedulously devoted
his time ever since he has become Mayor. I un
derstand that he makes a very efficient, and con
sequently acceptable executive officer. I was
next shown up flair?, where I fouid Mr. Gales
seated in his editorial eanctum, and habited in the
most extraordinary little gray garment I ever be
held, it was eomething between aac and eur
toiu, though you could not tell to which branch of
the family it properly belonged, but there he
pat with a face as full cf emilee and pleasantry as
though printer's devils were extinct, and the elec
tion of Henry Clay, a problem already solved.
Always at work on his paper or for others, ho
has little spcrc lime for recreation ; he is known
universally as "Joe Gales," I Icarn that no man
in or out of Congress, speaks of him as "Mister
that would seem to rob him of a part of his inher
itance, lie appears to bo stationed in Washing
ton as a kind of reeident benefactor for the unfor
tunate. Doea a poor widow, a poor editor, a
poor printer, a poor reporter, or in short a poor
devil of any kind, find himself straitened in his
circumstances, oras the cant phrase is, "pushed,"
immediate recourse is had to "Joe Gales," and
a draft on his benevolence and sy mpathy is met
with promptness ; if relief be not obtained from
that quarter, the case is indeed considered hope
less. I shook hands wbh hirn at parting, and
cou' J not think how much better fitted be was to
manage the affairs of the country, than the mea
w horn chance has put there.
Usited States Iro War ""STEinrrR.--Tbe
Pittsburg Amencm states that the iron war ffemr
now being built at that place for Ihe United States
service on Lake Erie is fast approeJjing ibe point
w hen she will be ready to be taken to pieces for
the purpose ol shipment to Erin. Her dimensions
are as follows :
Length of keel lC feet 4 inches.
Length on deck 1G7 " G
Lenrib over all 176 6 "
Breadfh of beam 27
Breadth over guards 45 " 10"
Depth tf bold 12
Height from the top of keel
fo top of rail . . 17 " 10 "
Tfie hull of the vessel is entirely of iron, eicept
the gundeck. There are four water-tight bulkheads
atfiwartships, for the better security of tbec ship
against sinking. There are four keelsons for
engine frames to rest upon, sod one main keelson
17 inches deep. The bottom planking is 3 8 inches
thick, the keel 5-8 inch. The weel-house and guards
will be entirely of iron. She will have three masts,
and be schooner rigged is pierced for 16 guns, but
her present armament will bf two CI Paiiban gnns
on pivots, and four 32-pound carronades. Th
whole will be ready to transport to Erie about the
lit ol July.
C
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