LIBERTY.. ..THE CONSTITUTION.... UNION.
VOL. XVII.
NEWBERN, FRIDAY, JUNE 7, 1833.
NO. 843.
PUBLISHED
BY THOMAS WATSON.
1 TERMS,
Three dollars per annum payable in advance,
fto paper will be discontinued (but at the dis
cretion of the Editor) until all arrearages have been
fly the President of the United States of America.
J A PROCLAMATION.
Whereas a treaty ol navigation and commerce, be
tween the United Statea of America and his Majesty
the Emperor of all Ihe Russias, together with a sepa
rate article thereto, was concluded and signed at St.
p-fprsbursh, on the sixth (eighteenth) day of De
cember, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight
hundred and thirty-two, which treaty and separate
article are, word for word, as follows:
In the name of the most Holy and indivisible Tri-
) nity.
The United States of America, and His Majpsly the
Emperor of .ill the Russias, equally animated with
the desire of maintaining the relations of good un
ktst:indinor, which have hitherto so happily sub
sisted between their respective States, and ot ex
tending and consolidating the commercial inter
course between them, have agreed to enter into ne
gotiations for the conclusion of a treaty of naviga
tion and commerce. For which purpose the Pre
sident of the United States has conferred full pow
ers on James Buchanan, their Envoy Extraordina
ry and Minister Plenipotentiary near His Imperial
Majesty ; anil His Majesty the Emperor of all the
Russias has conferred like powers on the Sieur
Charles Robert Count de Nesselrode, His Vice
Chancellor, Knight of the Orders of Russia, and of
many others, fcc: and the said Plenipotentiaries
have exchanged their full powers, found in good
nnd due form, have concluded and signed the fol
lowing articles:
Article I.
There shall be between the territories of the high
contracting parties, a reciprocal liberty of commerce
nnd navigation. The inhabitants of their respective
States shall, mutually, have liberty to enter the ports,
placep, and rivers of the territories of each party,
wherever foreign commerce is permitted. They shall
be at liberty to sojourn and reside in all parts what
ever of said territory, in order to attend to their af
fairs and they shall enjoy to that effect, the same se
curity and protection as natives of the country where
in thH' reside, on condition of their submitting to the
l-.iwffand ordinances prevailing, and particularly to
the regulations in lorce concerning commerce.
Article II.
Russian vessels arriving, either laden or in ballast?
in the ports of the United States of America; and re
ciprocally, vessels of the United States arriving, ei
ther laden or in ballast, in the ports of the Empire of
Russia, shall be treated on their entrance, during
their ntay, and at their departure, upon the same foot
ing as national vessels coming from the same place,
with respect to the duties of tonnage. In regard to
light house duties, pilotage, and port charges, as well
a to the fees and perquisites of public officers, and
all other duties and charges, of whatever kind or de
nomination, levied upon vessels ol commerce, in the
name or to the profit of the Government, the local au
thorities, or of any private establishments whatsoever,
the high contracting parties shall reciprocally treat
each other upon the footing of the most favored na
tions with whom they have no treaties now actually
in force, regulating the said duties and charges on
the basis of an entire reciprocity.
Article III.
All kinds of merchandise and articles of commerce,
which may be lawfully imported into the ports of the
Empire of Russia in Russian vessels, may, also, be
bo imported in vessels of the United States of Ameri
ca, without paying other or higher duties or charges,
ofwhatever kind or denomination, levied in the name,
or to the profit of the Government, the local authori
ties, or of any private establishment whatsoever, than
if the same merchandise or articles of commerce had
been imported in Russian vessels. And reciprocally,
all kinds of merchandise and articles of commerce.
which may be lawfully imported into the ports of the
unuen oiaies 01 America, in vessels ol said states,
nay, also, be so imported in Russian vessels, w ithout
paying other or higher duties 01 charges, ofwhatever
kind or denomination, levied in the name, or to the
profit of the Government, the local authorities or of
any private establishments whatsoever, than if the
same merchandise or articles of commerce had been
imported in vessels ol the United States of America.
Article IV.
It is understood that the stimulations contained in
the two preceding articles are, to their full extent, ap-
plicable to Russian vessels and their cargoes, arriving ;
ui me puns oi me united estates ol America and re
ciprocally, to vessels of the said States and their car
goes, arriving in the ports of the Empire of Russia,
whether the said vessels clear directly from the ports
of the country to which they respectively belong, or
from the ports of any other foreign country.
Article V.
All kinds of mprrliQn,!; j i
rr : L Y 7 , 1,11 ari,c'es oi commerce,
::mVV .Va exported from the ports of
me unuen oiaies . oi -America n t,.,; .1 i
may also be exported therefrom in Russian vessels,
- mi i n ri ii i vrKMHiw
I..I.U. y yu.u u, u,Kner auties or charges, of on, until the expiration Of the year which shall com
whateyer kind or denomination, levied in the name or mence after the date of a similar notification,
to the profit ot the Government, the local authorities, Article XIII
or of any private establishment whatsoever than if the article aui.
eame merchandise or articles of commerce had beep ne Present treaty shall be approved and ratified
exported in vessels of the United States of America President of the United States of America,
And reciprocally, all kinds of merchandise and arti-i anc w't1 ayice arid consent of the Senate of
cles of commerce, which may be lawfully exported ' Ba' States, and by his Majesty the Emperor of
from the ports of the Empire of Russia in national a tne R"888) and tne ratification shall beexchaii
vessels, may alse be exported therefrom in vessels of ge' m the city of Washington within the space of
the United States of America, without Davina mho- one year, or sooner if possible.
or higher duties or charges, of whatever kind or de-
nomination, levied in the name or to the profit of the
vovernment, tne local authorities, or of any private
establishments whatsoever, than if the same merchan
dise or articles of commerce had been exported in
Russian vessels.
Article VI.
No other or higher duties shall be imposed on the
importation into the United States, of any article, the
produce or manufacture of RussU ; and no higher or
other duties shall he imposed on the importation into
the Empire of Russia, of any article, the produce or ) S318) nave rendered it neeessary for the Impe
rnanufacture of the United States, than are or shall ! al Government to regulate the commercial relatione
navanie on tne liKe article. hAinr k a
- J fi Itlb UIUUUVC UI
"uuuiaciure oi any ouier loreign country. IVor shall
any prohibition be imposed on the importation and
exportation of anv article, the nrod
lure pf the United States, or of Russia, to or from the
Ports; of thp Pnecion 17 mr iro tkiK - ii..
, ...v ..ugomu UU1U44V) DllcttA UUl I
fiYtorf,! .ll -1 J I
.uB w au ouier nations.
Article VII.
" is expressly understood that the preceding arti-
dee, II, Hi, iv, V, and VI, shall not be applicable to
V t0f ntracUng Parties reserves
ltEeir
Article VIII.
The two Contracting Parties shall have the liberty
of having, in their respective ports, Consuls, Vice
Consuls, Agents, and Commissaries, of their own ap
pointment, who shall enjoy the same privileges and
powers at. those of the most favored nations ; but, if
any such Consul shall exercise commerce, they shall
be submitted to the same laws and usages to which
the private individuals of their nation are submitted
in the same place.
The Consuls, Vice Consuls, and Commercial
Agents, shall have the right, as such, to sit as judges
and arbitrators in such differences as may arise be
; ween the captains and crews of the vessels belonging
to the nation whose interests are committed to their
charge, without the interference of the local authori
thp. rondnct of the crews or of the captain
should disturb the order or the tranquillity of the
country, or the said Consuls, Vice Consuls, or Com
mercial Agents should require their assistance to
cause their decisions to be carried into effect or sup
ported. It is, however, understood, that this species
of judgment or arbitration shall not deprive the con
tending parties of the right they have to resort, on
their return, to the judicial authority of their country.
Article IX.
Thp aA !nnRtila Vice Consuls, and Commercial
Agents, are authorized to require the assistance of the
local authorities, for the search, arrest, detention, and
imprisonment of the deserters from the ships of war
and merchant vessels of their country. For this pur
pose thev shall apply to the competent tribunals, jud
ges, and" officers, and shall, in writing, demand said
deserters, proving by the exhibition of the registers of
the vessels, the rolls of the crews, or by other official
documents, that such individuals formed part of the,
crews; and this reclamation being thus substanti ated
the surrender shall not be refused.
Such deserters, when arrested, shall be placed at
the disposal of the said Consuls, Vice Consuls, or
Commercial Agents, and may be confined in the pub
lic prisons, at the request and cost of those who shall
claim them, in order to be detained until the time
when they shall be restored to the vessels to which
they belonged, or sent back to their own country by
a vessel of the same nation, or any other vessel what
soever. But if not sent hack within lour months from
the day of their arrest, they shall be set at liberty, and
shall not be again arrested for the same cause.
However, if the deserter should be found to have
committed any crime or offence, his surrender may
be delayed until the tribunal before which his case
shall be depending, shall have pronounced its sen
tence, and such sentence shall be carried into effect.
Article X.
The citizens and subjects of each of the high con
tracting parties shall have power to dispose of their
personal goods within the jurisdiction of the other,
by testament, donation, or otherwise, and their re
presentatives, being citizens or subjects of the other
party, shall succeed to their said personal goods, whe
ther by testament or ab in teslato, and may take
possession thereof, either by themselves, or by others
acting for them, and dispose of the same, at will,
paying to the profit of the respective governments,
such dues only, as the inhabitants of the country
wherein the said goods are, shall be subject to pay
in like cases. And in case of the absence of the re
presentative, such care shall be taken of the said
goods, as would be taken of the goods of a native of
the same country in like case, until the lawful owner
may take measures for receiving them. And if a
question should arise among the several claimants
as to which of them said goods belong, the same
shall be decided finally by the laws and judges of the
land wherein the said goods are. And where, on
the death of any person holding real estate, within
the territories of one of the high contracting parties,
such real estate would, by the laws of the land, des
cend on a citizen or subject of the other party, who,
by reason of alienage, may be incapable of holding
it. he shall be allowed the time fixed by the laws of
the country, and m case the laws of the country ac
tually in force may not have fixed any such time,
he shall then be allowed a reasonable time to sell
such real estate, and to withdraw and export the
proceeds without molestation, and without paying to
the profit of the respective Governments any other
dues than those to which the inhabitants of the coun-
try wherein said real estate is situated, shall be sub-
iect to pay in like cases. But this article shall not
derogate, in any manner, from the force of the laws
already published, or which may hereafter be pub
lished, by his majesty the Emperor of all the Rus
sias, to prevent the emigration of his subjects.
Article XI.
If either party shall, hereafter, grant to any other
nation, any particular favour in navigation or com
raerce, it shall, immediately, become common to the
other party, freely, where it is freely granted to such
other nation, or on yielding the same compensation.
when the grant is conditional.
Article XII.
The present treaty, ot which the effect shall ex
tend, in like manner; to the Kingdom of Poland, so
far as the same may be applicable thereto, shall con
tinue in force until; the first day of January, in the
year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and
thirty-nine, and if, one year before that day, one of
the high contracting powers shall not have announ
ced to the other, by an official notification, its inten-
remain obligatory one year beyond that day, and so
i n whereof, the respective Plenipotentiaries
have signed the present treaty, in duplicate, and
amxed thereto the seal of their arms.
Done at St. Petersburg the eixth (eighteenth)
December, in the year of Grace one thousand
eight hundred and thirty-two.
JAMES BUCHANAN.
NESSELRODE.
8EPARATE ARTICLE.
Certain relations of proximity, and anterior en-
ui vuatia wua friKin arH nKnrpHpn
1 , . v 11U"UWU10 IS w wvav..
and Norway by special stipulations, now actually in
lorce, and which mv ho d. h-oofW. whih
stipulations are, in no manner, connected with the
) f x ,sinS lations for. foreign commerce in general ;
i t.le two nigh contracting n.:. u:
gn contracting
from their commercial relations every kind of ambi-
guity or subiect of discussion, have agreed, that the
sia, and of S weden and T Norw? mmee
! equivalent adteg grantrd Tn nV
and by the other to the Grand 0 0
j shall not; in any case, be invoked in favor of the rela-
ana navi ration.
tween the two high contracting parties bv the nre
sent treaty. j H
The present separate article shall have the same
force and value as if it were inserted, word for word
in the treaty signed this day, and shall be ratified at
the same time. j
In faith whereof, we, the undersigned, by virtue of
our respective full powers, have signed the present
separate article, and affixed thereto the seals of our
arms. )
j Done at St. Petersburg the sixth (eighteenth) of
December, in the year of Grace, one thousand eight
hundred and thirty-two.
1 JAMES BUCHANAN,
i NESSELRODE.
And whereas the said treaty and separate article
have been duly ratified on both parts, and the res
pective ratification of the same were, this day, ex
changed at the City of Washington, by Edward
Livingston, Secretary of the United States, and the
Baron de Krudener, Envoy Extraordinary and
Minister Plenipotentiary of his Majesty the Einperor
of all the Russias, iri the said United States, on
the part of their respective Governments:
Now, therefore, be it known, that I, ANDREW
JACKSON, President of the United States of Ame
rica, have caused the said treaty to be made public,
to the end that the same, and every clause and article
thereof, may be observed and fulfilled with good faith
by the United States, and the citizens thereof.
rIn witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand,
arid caused the seal of the United States to be af
fixed. Done at the City of ; Washington, the eleventh day
of May, in the year of our Lord one thou
TL S 1 sancl e'ght hundred and thirty-three, and
L ' 'J of the Independence of the United States
the fifty-seventh.
i ANDREW JACKSON.
By the President :
Ebward Livingston, Secretary of State.
NEUTRALS AND SHARKS.
A Tale of the West Indies.
The following is the substance of a letter from
lieut. M. Fitton, R. Nj to' Ilted Nicholl, Esq., His
Majesty's proctor at Jamaica, and the circumstance
which it relates is one of those extraordinary coinci
dences that are almost past belief. It is taken
from a copy)f the original, and the sharks jaw
is now in rwssiopof a gentleman in London.
The commaimer-in-chief on the Jamaica station.
in 1799, ordered lieut. j Whylie, in the Sparrow cut
ter, to cruise in the Mbna Passage with the tender
ofhis Magesty's ship, Ambergavenny, under my com
mand. We dined together off the east end of Jamaica,
and, on comparing notes, we found that he had ten
guns in the Sparrow, and I had six three ponnders in
the tender, with which it was agreed, (after we had
dined,) that we certainly should capture any sloop of
war belonging to tne enemy and (before we parted )
that we could even beat off, and tolerably well ham
per, a 1 ii gate.
We parted the next night in chase, but joined
company again some days after, off Jaquemel, on
the south side of St. IDominsro. At dav litrht. the
Sparrow was about six miles in shore ; and I ask
ed lieut. Whylie, by signal, to come on board to
breakfast.
Whilst his boat was; on her way, I seated mvself
on the tafrail watching her progress. The morning I
was cool and serene, j the sea calm and transparent,
i he far-distant rock ot Altavela was seen on the disk I
of the rising sun, as he appeared above the horizon ; j
an; extended line ot ui versified coast, with Isle la
uuus ui -cummerce
Vache to leeward; the stupendous mountains of ''Lieut. Fitton's compliments, and begs to recorri-
Grand Ance, clothed in forests of eternal green, stud- mend this jaw as a collar for the neutrals to swear
ded with white coffee plantations, their base con- through."
cealed with floating vapor, mingle ! their lofty sum- In addition to the foregoing, Lieut. Fitton re
mits with the ethereal blue of Heaven ! There was marks, that the same papers led to the condemna
something so inspiring in the whole scene, added tion of another vessel, that was taken into Port Roy
to the cool freshness of the morning, and the stillness 1 by one of our cruisers. We believe that her name
of all around, that it was worth going five thousand was Christophe. It happened that Lieut. Fitton
miles to witness, at the risk of dying of the yellow dined at a Tabled? Hotel at Kingston, afterward,
fever, the lot of many a good fellow that I have in company with the master and supercargo ot the
known. ' Nancy, who were making loud complaints of the
As I was thus seated on the stern, I observed at brass-bottomed sarpents, the tyrants of the sea, that
some distance from the vessel a dead bullock floating would not allow vessels under a neutral flag to fol
on the surface of the water, and some sharks busily low their legal occupations. The contents of the
tearinfTit tonier.ps. This Hid not excite mv KnmrWn shark's stomach however had nroved them to be
as I was then in the track of cattle loaded vessels
n I ' - I 1
from Puerto Cavello jand Laguayra; but I order
ed it to be towed alongside, which was soon done,
the sharks following it. Among! the sharks there
was one much largerthan the others, whbh I resol-
ved to catch and make a walking 6tick of his back-
bone, by inserting a wire through it, as I had seen
frequently done.
I baited the hook with a four pound piece of beef;
but John-shark rubbed himself against it several
times, and did not seem quite to fancy it, although
the others would have! taken it, if, I had not drawn
it from them. Seeing that this huge fellow was
rather dainty, 1 changed the baj.t for a piece of pork,
which after slighting for some time, he at last bolt
ed. With a strong effort, I fixed the hook in
his jaws : as a matter of course, in his turn he
sprung forward, but, after playing him a little with
about sixty fathoms of line, I had hinf hoisted on
board. i
The process of dissecting him was soon commenced;
and being curious to know what he had got in his
stomach, it was quickly opened, when, to our aston
ishment, out came a large bundle of papers tied up
with a string.
1 he sailor who had been the principal character
on this occasion, like most others, liked a joke; and,
as ne presented tne Dunaie to me, eaia, wun a smne,
I .1.1 ll . : 1 m I
. p-i, B11) jr . x ,
teri
(mm mvnlH hlnwina!
The papers, excepting the envelope, were in a pei-
feet state; they related to the vessel's cargo; and a
letter, dated at the Island of Curacoa, had this com-
mencement. "My good friend Mr. Christopher
ocftultz, will hand you tnis." mercantile anairs iatitudes, with a great variety of productions,
1 MySea was' that the shark had come from coming from lands unsurpassed in fertility, and
the Island of Curacoa; the next was, that the papers administering every thing to the wants or Jux
had been thrown overboard from some vessel chased uries of man. Think of this, and run your eye
by one of his Majesty's cruisers. over the map, and remember that vast portions
I therefore hailed the man at the mast head, and of this ountry we of New England should yet
told him to keep a good look out; as no doubt, there can cquite unsettled, and say if I err in my cal
was a vessel not far off. " There's nothing in sight, culation.
sir," he answered, but the Sparrow cutter in-shore, nnhJ : u t j th trade of which
and her boat pulling on board." "Well, keep a brighJ , A ? Wh a steam boat
look-out my ooy, I said and remember the bottle of peV New Orleans, up WC ment Tow
rum, and the dollar,and a day's leave on shore; for has this year gone as far as if1"" , .
I always like to reward my men for every strange
sail that turned out to be an -nemy ; a id in case of
gross neglect, which; seldom happened, I gave them
something else. And yet my men were much at-
tached tome, irom the thorough conviction that
"""i uvviB vuuvnuuii mai 1
would serve out my own brother in the same way:
never making (as they said) fish of one and flesh of
annthor and never Seemcr a tan It nnt T A I 1
j ; i tn ""ui j uau uiun.cu
"Leu" WhyB. rtlj after this arrived on board.
He one i the old hool. nh0
i
had (like myself) waddled to the water as soon as he
was out of his shell; and yet he had no affinity
more than oil for that element water being what
he never took in. He was brave, of course, and
had a strong regard for the enemy, and loved to lie
close" Yard arm and yard arm," was his maxim.
He had completed his education from books scattered
on the rudder-head, to him equally authentic and
erudite, such as Homer's Iliad, Hudibras, Pilgrim's
Progress, &c. In religion, he thought a short pray
er, well said, better than a life monastic : and, like
most christians of that day, abhorred popery and
the pope, although he would have iumrjed overboard
any day to save him from drowning. In speech,
Lieut. Whylie was short and emphatic; but if a
word of learned length came ath whart him, either end
seem indifferent, and he had a knack of adding a
w le to those a,readF sufficiently long. The
West Indies suited him exactly, it being a " a brae
country, where ye are aye drinking, and aye dry."
Alas, poor Whylie, he has taken his final launch;
many s the cruise we have had together ; he was a
merry good hearted fellow, " take him all in all.
When Lieut. Whylie arrived on board, the follow
ing dialogue ensued between us.
Whylie.- What a devil of a long pull you have
given me this morning, and not a breath of air out of
the heavens ; come, is breakfast ready ?
Fitton. Well, Whylie, my hoy, what luck have
you nan since we parted co.f
Whylie Luck! Why, J have taken a Dutch
schooner and a French schooner and have detained
an American brig. (Looking round and seeing the
shark;) But why do you dirty,your decks with those
cursed animals ? You'll be a boy all your life time
Fitton.
Fitton. Tell me, Whylie was your American
brig named Nancy ?
Whylie. Yes, she was; you have met her, I sup
pose. Fitton. No, I have not ; I never saw her.
Whylie.- -Then how did you know the brig I had
deta'ned was named Nancv?
Fitton --Was there a supercargo on board, called
Christopher chultz, of Baltimore ?
Whylie. Yes, there was, his name was Schultz,
or Schoolts, or some d Dutch name or other;
why. you must have spoken her.
Fitton. No, I have not ; I never saw her.
Whylie Then how the devil came you to know
1 had detained an American brig called Nancy,
Christopher Schultz, supercargo?
Fitton. The shark you see lying there, my boy,
has brought me full information about the Nancy,
and those papers you see spread out to dry are her
papers.
Whylie. That won't do, Fitton, for I sealed all
her papers up, and gave them in charge of the prize
master when I sent the vessel away.
Fitton. The papers delivered to you by the mas
ter, when you overhawled him, you have of course
sent away in the vessel, but her true papers, which
prove, the owners tj be enemies and not Americans,
are those which you see drying on deck, brought to
me by that shark you abuse me for catching.
Lieut. Whylie stared at me at the shark at the
papers then quickly descended the cabin ladder,
calling out " Breakfast ho breakfast none of your
tricks upon travellers none of your stuff Fitton."
I soon after parted company, and I am not sure
that Lieut. Whylie fully comprehended the circum
stance until he returned into port, and found the
vessel and cargo condemned to him as a prize, by
the recovery of the true papers, leaving to Jonathan
no resource in future, but to swallow the papers him-
self.
Having preserved the shark's jaws, I sent it to
the. Admiralty court ot J arnica, and wrote upon it,
otherwise; and it was not until Lieut. Fitton had
left the table, that they learned the fact of their ves
sel's true papers having been thus found. It was
communicated to them by the captain of a Danish
vessel, named the Ameland; and on hearing it, they
immediatelv took horses, and crossed the Blue moun-
tains to port Antonio, from whence they departed,
leaving the Nancy and her cargo to their fate.
From the correspondent of the Portland Daily
Advertiser.
THINGS IN NEW ORLEANS.
New Orleans must, I think, in the progress
of time, and probably not a very long time, be
the largest commercial citv in the world. It
has increased, and is increasing, dirty and un
healthy as it is supposed to be, with immense
rapidity. Real estate is very valuable. Rents
are higher than in any other city in the United
States. When I cast my eyes over the map,
and trace the almost interminable water com
munication in the interior, not from two or
three great rivers, but from manv rivers, flow-
ing through regions not settled at all, or bu
I . .
sparey settled any where, but now yielding so
mucn trade, 1 am not atraid to hazard the prs
that New Orleans must be the grebes
city in the world. The field on which the
merchant is to act is most magnificent. Fifty
jive thousand miles of internal water commum
cation, it is said, seeks a vent for its trade a
New Orleans a trade from a great variety o
son, 1 -00 miles 400 mne aDU . fL0
are settlements, and all along ""y .
are new plantations, many of wnicn are ine
richest in the world, fertile in the sugar cane
1 1 otwi rttrt ftnd in almost every tning wnicn
1 and cotton and id aiuj"0" v,v.' o -
u h strv of man sees fit to cultivate,
. VT! L iust informed me, that in
Feb-
I Hiuiuuuu.
l r-tr nr. ain'v-
i nvtn mere nuiu x cuuesscK aim
i .1 r ' i i
P& d ' h
left, his cotton was up, covering two hundred
acres on the prairie, and was then promising
him a fertile and valuable crop.
There is the Arkansaw river, the trade of
which must go to New Orleans, navigable at
times by steamboats 900 miles as I am mfdr-:
med. Arkansaw is yet but partially settledc- 1
but the extent of the river is 2500 miles.
Thsre is the White river, navigable for
steamboats from 400 to 500 miles, and for keel
boats 900 miles. Its course is 1200 miles.
Then there is the Ohio, navigable to Pitts
burg 2000 miles fronr New Orleans by water,
where nearly all of the principal steamboats on
the Mississippi are built, the Ohio with all its
tributaries, with the Tennessee, navigable at
times to Knoxville by steamboats, meandering
through the best parts of Tennessee and the
finest territory in Alabama, with the Cumber
land, navigable as far as Nashville by steam
boats, and many other navigable more ot less,
pouring their treasures ultimately into tie
Father of Waters.
Then there is the immense Missiouri with
its tributaries there is the Illinois, with boat
navigation for 300 miles Rock River, naviga
ble 200 miles Kaskaskia, 150 miles with ma
ny others, which any eye will note on a map.
And now to all of them maybe added the mighty
Mississippi itself, navigable by boats to the
Falls of St. Anthony. In short, there is a con
tinent above New Orleans a world of itself
with streams as useful for trade as the great
ocean. A small skiff or flat boat, that cannot,
stand a wave of the ocean, adventures in safe-'
ty from the cold north with its ice and snows 1
to the warm south, with its sugar cane, Us L
olives, and its oranges !
Nor is there in the Union such a field as New
Orleans for enterprize of all sorts, from the
counter and the desk, to the bar and the pulpit.
Every thing is new, in chaos as it were just
advancing to form and comeliness. . Moral
courage acting prudently and cautiously, and
thus winning that influence which moral cour
age aided by ability and prudence always must
hav,e, will here find a glorious theatre for action.
Thfere is hardly such a place in the world for
an:upright, energetic, industrious and brave
man, no matter what his occupation. A brave
man I say, for courage in such a society is
necessary but I do not mean the bravery that
ets at defiance powder and ball, and recklessly
rushes into danger, I don't mean the bravery
of the bull and the bear for I leave such brave
ry to the pistols of the duellists, and horns and
tusks of brutes,- but I do mean the bravery-
the moral courage, which dare think, speak
and act for itself, if necessary, even in the
teeth of Public Opinion, always acting with
care and exceeding caution, and delicate re-'
spect even for the errors of others. And Pub
ic Opinion will ultimately honor the man who
acts thus from honorable impulses, for Public
Opinion is ever scanning with an eagle eye
the motions of men and ever erring, ever waa
defing as it is, it ultimatelywards justice eight
times out of ten, wherever it is due.
A Divine, not bigoted nor fanatic, might do
wonders here for Jhe cause of morals if he
had that ability which commands an audience,
and makes even church-going a pleasure; Cor
the church and pleasure grounds are here ri
vals on the Sabhath. A Lawyer travellingj at
times beyond his suits' and his writs would
find here ample range and scope for action.
On the whole, strange as many things ap
pear to a stranger 1 have been most agreea-
bly deprived of many of my preformed opin
ions of New Orleans. There is not much more
vice among those whose opinions are valued,
haii in many other cities. Probably there is
no more, lor nere it takes no trouoie to conceal
itself as in other places. There is far more
society and far better society than report led
me to expect. 1 have been here but a short
time, but longenough to find men andwomen
with minds as well stored as any in the Union.
Literature, it is true, is here but m the blos
som; literary institutions and societies are
scarce, but ther are very many intelligent
minds, there is the intellect that needs only
the occasion the flint and steel to strike out
its sparks. Families begin to look upon
this city as an abiding place. Thus society is
forming and organizing. Shools of courae
cannot yet be worth much; but gradually the
schools will improve, as children arc to
educated here, and cannot always be sent to
the north. Large parties are often given,- in
which the Creoles and Americans mingle
parties as large as any party-going man can
desire, no matter how fond of sociejty. Social
visiting is kept up and with the civilities and.
cordialities of life, there are it amusements
and enjoyments.
New Orleans is not Boston to be sure lios
ton wih its proud associations, its past history
and its great men valued as its "jewels nor
Philadelphia with its science and refinement
and general literature-but it is New York al
most There is the noise and bustle and dust of
New York the same mercantile activity, the
same love of good eating and good drinking,
and varied amusement. It is the place to live
in, to make money in, to figure in if you
don't die in the acclimation, and if you love
long summers and good springs.
In the progress of very few years New OW
leans must be a different city. Northern feel
ing will get uppermost and take command, and
thus influence the morals as well as the man
ners of the city. Northern enterprise, unless
effeminated by the luxurious climate, will im
prove and beautify the city, and render it
healthly. Thus far I have found it the most
interesting part of my tour, giving one the best
scope lor observation and reflection. Every
traveller should come, and though he will find
r l . i it i Wr"
man ui leisure, ye ne win una eiiuug"
his eyes to see and his ears te hear.
I go up the river this evening, (APr" '
the steamer Chancellor, as
wiIJ nert hear from
11 no accident occurs, you . v . d lh
at iinciuM , v
head quarters of the great ve
IK r
.
T- -7 mi..7 m . Ii
H -VI ...
t - -