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2 LIBERTY. ...THE CONSTITCTION....CNI0N. voi XVII. NEWBERN, FRIDAY, AUGUST 3 O, 1833. NO. 855. . i PUBLISHED BV THOMAS WATSON. TERMS, Thrce dollars per annum, payable in advance AGRIC ULTURE. prom the Richmond Enquirer. le scze this opportunity to lay before our readers . bViowin Exposition from the pen of Hill Carter, eV.riev- well known as one of the best among the cdigbteDe(l :irmcrs on the Jamea Rver. From the Farmers' Register. THE FOUR SHIFT SYSTEM. behest rotation for James River lands, or any good wheat and Corn soils. r imagine no one will deny that the best rotation of c-ops is lr,at wnwn yieins tne greatest pront to tne r-Vmer. and at the pame time enables him to improve hig land the most rapidly. The great, object is to combine both profit and improvement. By some systems, you may improve faster than by the above, hut theivyou mr-ke much les3 profit; and by none, In a series of years, will you make more profit with he same improvement. I think I cannot establish the above theory in a r.orc satisfactory manner than by giving a concise nccount of the system practised on a James river farm for the last seventeen years, with what success I leave the reader to judge from the product. In the year 1816, 1 came to live on Shirley, a farm of nine hundred acres, six hundred and fifty of which were cleared, and which had been in the hands of over seers for many years previous, who cultivated it on the old-fashioned system of three shifts that is to say, the first year in corn, second in wheat, and third in pasturethe most ruinous system that could be in rented, taking into consideration the shallow plough ing; and waste of manure, or almost total disuse of it. By this system the farm was so much impoverished, that it barely supported itself two years out of the three, when'the two best fields were cultivated ; and the third year, they had to bring corn to support it !rom other lands at a distance. The whole farm was covered with galls. I merely mention these things 10 prove the impoverished state of the land. 1 will also state the crops reported to have been ,1. nmtriniia in mv rnmincr here in live. TVrnfn twelve hundred to fifteen hundred bushels of wheat, (sometimes not merchantable,) and four hundred to 6ix hundred barrels of corn on either oPthe best shifts of two hundred acres each, was considered freat crop ping by the overseers; and seven hundred to one tSusand bushels of wheat, and three hundred to four hundred barrels of corn on the third shift of t wo hundred and fifty acres, was considered "still better as that was the poorest. This was about six or seven bushels of wheat, or two or three barrels of corn to the acre, on the best field?, and much less on the poorest: so that it may be supposed the land must have been vptv much exhausted, and the management very bad. When I first came home to live I knew nothing of acriculture, nd for tne first three vear: continucd the three shift system. But 1 soon saw that the over seer knew little or nothing of his trade, and what lit tle he did k now, did not practice; so that 1 dismissed him as soon as his term expired, and employed, for 1817, a man who was industrious, and one of the best corn makers in the state, (having been all his life in the great com country on the Pamunkey.) From him 1 learnt how to make corn, but he knew nothing of wheat, clover and plaster, or any of the present modes of improvement. However, by the aid of good ploughing, and collecting all the manure which had been neglected for years on the farm, he made a better crop of corn on the poorest shift, than had been made for manv vears back, even on the best. He made eight hundred barrels. His crop of ' wheat in 1818, following this crop of corn, was mdir . ferenu f being still on the three shift system.) only 1 eleven hundred and fifty bushels. I saw that there was something wrong about this system, and began to read a little on the subject of aericulture, and soon discovered that the three shift system was totally wrong; and alt'.iugh I sowed clover and plaster it would not answer. At the same time that I began to ri 1 on the subject of agriculture, I went frequent ly to&iit mv good friend John G. Mosby, who then lived'in Curies' Neck, on James river, and to whom low r V f;iiiia, or ;it leat lower J.-inie rsver, is more in-Jebt'jJ than to any other man in the State, for the introduction of clover and plaster, and the fallow sys tfm ihr- three forming the sheet anchor on a farm . for when ill seems to be lost, they will save the ship From mv friend J Another change was made in 1826, and will con tinue through the remained of the table, viz : the corn crops were altogether derived from the reclaimed swamp, then brought into cultivation, (as described in my previous Communication,) and oats occupied the whole of the field before used for corn, and there after was the only spring crop of the rotation on high land, with a single exception in 1831. I will here remark that having a corn mill on the estate, which yielded enough toll corn to feed the labourers and raise the hogs, and the oats being more than sufficient to feed the horses and other stock, the com became all (or very nearly all) a sale crop. Besides the crop stated in the table, we generally made enough cotton to clothe the negroes, and pork to feed them, all of which had been purchased under the former three shift rotation. v Wheat. Corn. Oats. Year Bushels. Barrels. Bushels. 1826 4030 445 2500 1827 2945 408 6000 182cV 3300 508 1463 18297 3150 833 2255 1830t 3G81 620 2433 1831fc 3860 562 2300 1832 5900 509 good crop. X but used without threshing REMARKS. fl This was the greatest oat year ever known in our country. We threshed and measured only half the shocks, which made three thousand bushels, and the remainder estimated at the same, was cut and fed away in the straw. g Ploughed in fifty acres of oats to ameliorate the land, having a large supply of the preceding year's crop on hand still. The effect produced by ploughing in the oats, did not justify the repetition. A Some oats cut up for feeding this year and the next, are not included in the quantity stated for those years. i Limed fifty acres fallowed land with five hun dred casks of stone lime the effect very considerable on the wheat k Two hundred barrels of this crop of corn were from twenty -five acres of the oat field, which is the only exception to the general practice of corn being excluded from the highland. i Three hundred and twenty-five acres in wheat, instead of two hundred as before, by an addition from the land before kept lor pasture. In the fall of 1831, the standing pasture (two hun dred and fifty acres,) was divided into four equal parts, and one of them added to each of the lour fields, so as to increase the size of each to one hundred and sixty-two and a half acres. This year ( 1833,) I have purchased two hundred acres for a standing pasture, to make my Fystem complete: and the next winter, shall clear twenty five acres more to add to mv cul tivated fields, which (with the 25 acres in lots kept for grazing,) will make seven hundred acres for cul tivation, and two hundred acres for pasture, exclusive of the reclaimed land. I now expect to begin to reap the full benefit of m v system of cultivation. The first r it i our Hundred acres may be considered as permanent- v improved, and the reoent addition from the formor pasture in a fair way of improvement, as it is wel taken with clover, and the whole crops ought now to increase every year. Since. 1825, we have mowed very little clover, as the cultivation and other labors of the reclaimed swamp have left but little time tor hay-making. Con sequently, nearly all the clover has been ploughed in to improve the soil: In addition to the results above stated, i will now give my reasons for thinking the four shift system the best for our James River lands. In the first place, one of the obiects of the Virginia farmer should be, to make as much as possible for each hand employed, as labor is much dearer than land in this country, and he cannot make a full profit to the hand without cultivating a tolerably large sunace, which the four shift system enables him to do. Secondly, no farmer can improve his land or keep up its fertility, without a great deal ot manure, and that manure cannot be made without a great deal of offal, of which to make it. The four shifts, with the standing pasture, give him more offal than any other system. J he standing pasture supports stock enough through the summer, without grazing his clover fields, to convert his offal into manure during winter; and it is all important in this system not to graze your clover fields which are to be fallowed, so as to havo a heavy clover lay to turn under, to restore the land after the three successive grain crops, as well as n tf tuhn hv the hv was to make a good crop ol wheat the ensuing year. u- """ . ' . I - .u . i. - : u .1 one ofthehpst farmers in the stated I Obtained a m im miru piuce, 11 is my upuiiuu mat wie iuu.c i ir . t 1 grt deal of useful information; and in the fall ot lrequentiy you plough up your land, provided you taiA aiinMa.1 tua, hn,,r ohift t hv thmw ho1 out turn un.ter manure, or a gooa my 01 some kiiiu, iciu- the poorest field of t wo hundred and fifty acres, and ver is the best,j the laster you improve it ; and mere making pasture of it, and cultivating the other two is uu system in wmciiyuucanraanmuu. T"U1C KTi;rfa in r. ..!.! r, htmHrmi nrrpa Mr.h. instead or so often turn under the clover lay as m this. of two. oi two hundred acres each. This change re-1 nne on tne sunjeci 01 manures, i win uigress v. ou red annnallv nne field of one hundred acres m mue.iu meuuuii some lew expen.uemB i nave mauo, enm ,.,ha,t ..ftor m third in clover J and will first state, that it is of very little consequence Rnrl . frtw ,v,., rnf nn.l ihe sue.- in my opinion, now you use your manure, provmea cession of crops on each separate field was in the lore- ym really do use it. The great art is to make it going order, of 1st com 2d: wheat 3d. clovei 4th. and that m large quantities. It is like money : any wheat, t he standing Dasture Drevented the neces- one can spcuu u, uut icw aUlcl , titv of rrmzincr in the rnltiuuo,i rt nf the farm. t- m any quantity. . ; I f a : ( lOOO f ,1. U- (Xllnnrmr nTnopi cent orrnsional v. 'hp.t L m-.i rr r The. in uicByrm w iwo, i umuc mc luiiunme twtu cron of whent afterthp rinvorTll iftio uriia37ifi ment. Mv farm pen manure, which . I generally f - si iuiiu fit III A w . . . ll . 1 OUFhe r. r Which I carr pH in Mow VnrL- nl irnt n aOPIV OV PlOUgnillg 111 vviui utc tiuvri mimw in w; hnh nriP Cnr Tho Urr c Li ki fall, iust before sowinsr wheat, was divided into four . ... ' I . 1 l I VA Ml V W k A V1 I ms lour hundred and eighty-seven barrels. 1 now P3 one ol wnicn was nauieu uui wujrm npm, Cotluliy into the clover, plaster and fallow system, and plougned in a second pan was uauieu oui, auu and will now state the amount of crops, the seasons, used as a top-dressing on the clover, which was back- the success, and failures, causes, &c. &c. and by way ward and unpromising a third was bauled out and of fair comparison, will becin with 1816, the vear I left in heaps, each heap a wagon load, and well co- begun farming, vered with earth until the fall, and then ploughed in just before sowing wheat; and tne lourm was leu in Ko farm irar aa liaim 1 with me. until the fall, and then hauled out, and ploughed in, just before sowing wheat. The top dressing produced the Dest wneat that which was left in the farm yard until the fall, the nextand that which was ploughed under in April, the worst. But in the crops since that time, there has been no difference visible, and all the pieces very much improved : so that I am ot the opinion stated before, that it is of little consequence how you use manure, so that it is really used and mat it w spread well over the surface, which is very important. There is one exception to the above opin- ion, li it could be practised but I have never seen the farmer in our climate in the lower country who could. I allude to the winter ton dressing of wheat. which is certainly the quickest in effect, and the most permanent in duration : but we can never use it in that way to anv extent in our climate, for several is very important on weak land ; and then in the sum mer, it protects the young clover from our hot sun and great draughts which we freanentlv i consider a good crop of clover as equal to two manu rings, ana it is mat wnicn makes the top dressing in winter so durable, because it secures the r1m, i top dress a little, though very little, every winter and I am sure that I can go now and point out everv spot that has been done so for the last ten years, so ycimtuieiu is uiis way oi manuring. There is fre quently great waste of manure from applying too much to the acre. The object, of a farmer should be to cover a large surfacenarith his manure just apply- iii euuugn io mane ine ciover taKe wen, and bv pjasienng nis ciover ne will have the best possible manure in a good clover lay. My practice is to put twenty-two good wagon loads of stable manure to the acre, and thirty verylieavy wagon loads of farm pen manure to the acre; as that is very inferior to the stable manure, and in that manner I get over about 50 acres of land per annum. i will now return to the reasoning on the four shift system. In the fourth place, our lands are very lia ble to weeds of every kind, to onions, blue grass, wire grass, partridge pea, and many others, so that they require a spring hoe crop very frequently to keep them clean ; the four shift system, with corn every lounn year, win do mat very eriectually. I have tried the oat crop instead of the corn crop as a clean ser, but it will not answer. The oat crop is an effec tual cleanser of onions for the time being, that is to say your crop of wheat for two or three years after tne oats will be perlectly free from onions, but they will return after a while, if you stop the oat svstem. But the oats do not in the 1 .ast prevent the growth of oiue grass, wire grass, or patridee pea. and a hoe crop is the only remedy. I shall now be compelled, to my sorrow, to abandon oats as a cleanser, and sub stitute the corn crop, so loul has my land become of every thing except the onion, which the oat crop has Kept under, l have this year lost one-third of ray l A L 11 T I .1 r. wueui oy Diue grass, i consider tne oat crop il a heavy one, fully as exhausting as the corn crop ; and 1 do not regret being obliged to abandon it and take up the corn crop, on that account, but I regret it on account oi tne onion, ol which the corn crop is not half so good a cleanser; and, besides, I shall find it too laborious to cultivate one-fourth of my land in corn, in addition to my swamp land : but it must be done there is no alternative, for the blue grass must be checked. The fifth and last reason in favour of the four shift system, with standing pasture, is, that it requires less fencing than any other. You may have your four fields either under one fence or divivided into two equal divisions, with a fence to each, which is the most convenient, as you may then occasioally graze your fields, when it will be the least iniurious. It will be found that the non-grazing system will not do altogether; for, after awhile the land become too much puffed up, and too full of vegetable matter, to make a good crop of wheat. That may be reme died though, by grazing immediately after haulins off your wheat every year: and provided you take your cattle ott whenever the ground is too wet it does not in jure the young clover in the least, but ra ther benefits it for clover ; like wheat, requires the hoof op the land occasionally, or the land becomes too porous and puffed up by the Vegetable matter ; and besides, the young clover is very much protected by the growth ot weeds, which require breaking and trampling down. You may graze your fields from which you have taken your wheat, until you put your cattle up into winter quarters, with the forego ing precaution in wet weather. But never suffer any thing to run on your clover field the year you expect to iollow it. It is that which I have hereto- 1 1 ore spoKen oi as so oojcctionaie. I have frequently remarked that a field of clover which was grazed moderately while young, from tne time tne wheat was taken ott until the time to put cattle up into winter quarters, would take a much earlier start the next spring than one which had not been grazed, owing to the weeds in the kit- lev case cnoKinsr ud ana ReeDin Dack tne vounf clover. The standing pasture may be made of the most inferior land on the farm, which will, in the course of some years, be very much improved by it; or, you may convert your woods into a standing pasture by enclosing them, and clearing up the undergrowth, &c; and frequently on farms there are swamps, marshes, or strips of lands that cannot be cultivated, which make very good standing pastures ; so that, in the two last cases, you have all your cleared land to cultivate. One of the strongest proofs of the supe riority of the four shift system is, that my friend Selden of Westover, who has adopted it, now makes double as large crops as his predecessors did, and has put entirely a different face on the land: though, he would make good crops under any system, for he is a first-rate farmer. HILL CARTER. r or growing into the greatest State of the Union. It ; Woods, Mrs. Simons, Mrs. Tayon, Madam Batcbio can support, without difficulty, a people as dense as ' and three children, Mr. Berdeau, Mrs. Conn and that ol Holland. i child. Mrs. Jam's. Mrs. A. Jams, of cholera. Ohio contains but 39,000 square miles,, while Vir- Rev. Thomas R. Rufee, Mr. Stewart, Mr. Smith, ginia contains 64,1)00 which is witMn 1000 of the Mr. Knicht, Mrs. J. Beaochamp, Miss Kellv, Mrs. whole area of New England, and makes Virginia ! Paulina C. Camrjell. Mrs. Machett, aged 70. Mnr the largest as well as oldest State. The next in Knight and infant, of fever. order is Georgia 62,000, and Missouri 60,000. Illi- j At present our village is nearly deserted it is diC nois contains 55.000. Florida 50.000, New York, ficult to get anv thinr to eat nothing is doing, ex- 46,000, Pennsylvania 44,000, North Carolina and cept dealing in medicine. We have no idea when j-wuisimia o.uuu eacn. ueiaware contains oiuu. me scourge win re remnveri. xnnn. nnwever. tnere By the following diagram it may be seen, that if the four fields can be laid off by two lines intersecting near the middle of the cul tivated lai.d, the half on the left, and that on the ritrht, will alter nately be in wheat, and therefore that a single dividing fence, (a, b,) will suffice to permit half the land to be grazed, after it is cleared of the crop of wheat. Standing Pasture. a Yar Wheat. Corn. " ' , ' ' Bushels. Barrels. 18 16 . U00 45) The three fields 1817 1475 800 amounting to 650 1818 1150 670 acres. hundred acres, (until 1832.) YpnP Wheat. Corn. Oats. Clover. 1 ear Bushels. Barrels. Bushels. Tons. 1819 3715 487 A little 1820a 1761 534 mow'deach 18216 1668 375 1000 year. 1822c 1720 387 1170 00 1823 2458 520 1751 30 md ,5322 383 loOO 25 1825 e 2700 464 1000 40 First Field in Second Wlieat Field, in after Ctover. Corn. Road or turn-row. Third, in Fourth, Wheat in after Com. ; Clover. and Rhode Island 1350. The most raDid increase of nonulation we observe is in the case of Ohi o. tvhirh inrrpnRed from 3f)00 to 45,000 in ten years, and in the next ten to 230,000. i nia last was at the rate of 409 per cent, in ten years, whereas the average rate of the whole Union r theJast ten has been but 33 per cent, and that of New England but a little less than 19. That of New York was never greater than 72. of Maine, 58, l2,a?a? 1&4' I,,inois 350. Indiana, 500, Michigan, . i, nausds, iW. i ne most ra pid increase, has, ol course, been in the early settlements. ine population ot the United States in 1840 is rated at 17 millions. What it will he a h nnitrit years hence, it is not easy to calculate. What it may be, however, is inferable from the fact that our terri tory is immensely extensive ; that a vast amount of ncn land is yet unoccupied ; that lands now culti vated may be made vastly more productive ; that a large portion of our country is under Ironical climates. and that if the whole country should support but 230 muduiidius to a square mile, as England now does, weshould have, as the Editor of the Register observes, more than four hundred and fifty millions. SUMMARY STATISTICAL REPORT Of the Presbyterian Church in the United States of America, for 1833. This portion of the Catholic Church of Christ in the world, under one General Assembly of Bishops and Ruling Elders, stvled Commissioners, which. c - j j j j with the Delegates, from Corresponding bodies, in May last, consisted of two hundred and seventy four persons, comprehends, according to the returns now in ray possession, twenty-two Synods; one hundred and eleven Presbyteries; eighteen hundred and fifty five ordained Bishops; two hundred and fifteen Li centiates, making two thousand and seventy Preach ers of the Gospel ; two hundred and twenty nine Candidates in a. state of preparation for the ministry; twenty-five hundred churches; and two hundred and thirty-three thousand five hundred and eighty Com municants. Our increase during the last year has been in BisJiops one hundred and twenty-five, in Licentiates ten, in Candidates nine, in ordained and licensed Preachers one hundred and thirty-five, in ! Churches one hundred and nineteen, and in Commu nicants sixteen thousand two hundred and forty-two. The Communicants added on examination last year were twenty three thousand five hundred and forty six ; being ten thousand six hundred and fourteen less than were reported in 1832 as added in the same way. Seven thousand two hundred and fifty-two were added last year by certificate from other chur ches, or passed from one of our congregations to ano ther, being three hundred and sixty-six more than were received in the same manner the year previous The total of additions now reported is thirty thousand seven hundred and ninety-eight. Of these fourteen thousand five hundred and fitty-six must be consider ed as equal to the number of persons who have de ceased or been dismissed or suspended, or who were at the time ot making the reports in a state of transi tion from the care of one session to another, or who for some reason have not been reported as members : leaving as above stated the net gam ot communicants of 1833 over the whole number of 1832 at sixteen thousand two hundred and forty-two. The baptisms now returned amount to twenty one thousand eight hundred and twenty ; ol which six thousand nine hundred and fifty were of adults, fourteen thousand and thirty-five infants, and eight hundred and thirty five persons not distinguished. The baptisms of 1832 exceeded those of 1833 by two thousand eight hun dred and eighty-three. The funds reported as ha ving been collected in the year preceding the meet ing ol the last General Assembly were, for missionary purposes, seventy six thousand four hundred and twenty'clollars and thirty nine cents; for defraying the expenses of Commissioners to the Assembly, four thousand six hundred eighty nine dollars and fifty eight cents ; for different Theological Seminaries six thousand three hundred eleven dollars and twenty three cents ; for the Education of poor and pious youth, principally with reference of their becoming ministers ol the gospel, forty seven thousand one hundred fifty three dollars and sixty-hve cents; and lor the Con tingent Expenses of the Assembly, eight hundred ninety-two dollars and eighty-seven cents; which give a total of one hundred thirty-five thousand four hundred sixty seven dollars and seventy-two cents collected for charitable uses. This sum is less than the total for the same objects in 1832 by two thousand three hundred fifty one dollars and sixty seven cents. Eleven Presbyteries have made no returns of any collections ; and four have reported onlv on the Com missioners' Fund. In all the Presbyteries there are several churches which have made no reports on any subject, for sometime past ; and some which have never returned so much as the number of their com municants since I have beenStated Clerk. Our sta- istics, however are much more complete than they brmerly were ; and must be regarded as a near ap- proximatiorrtotm exact statement of the numbers and operations of our whole body. With lamentation that it should be necessary, we state the fact of the suspension of three of our minis ters during the last year; two of them for intemper ance in drink; and one for heresy in doctrine. 1 he foregoing is a true summary, (E. E.) prepa red by me this 31st day of July 1833. EZRA STILES ELY, Stated Clerk of the General Assembly. win oe none leu upon whom to spend its fury, in the. Catholic burying ground there are between 40 and 50 new graves Protestant, about 20. It is perhaps? remarkable, that only two negroes have died durinp the whole month. 1 do not pretend to give you harf the names. In the town alone 12 families are com pletely broken up. On Sunday last there were four burials in the Catholic burying ground. The at mosphere is so strongly impregnated with disease, that you may literally smell death in the stieets. Some years ago a case was sent to an eminent lawyer for an opinion. The case stated was the mog preposterous and improbable that had ever occurred to the mind of man, and concluded by asking, whe ther under such circumstances an action would lie t He took his pen and wrote, 'Yes, if the witnesses will Lje too, but not otherwise.' A late number of the Edinburgh Evening Coucanf has the following article : Extraordinary Occurrence. On Thursda . while Mr. Montgomery, a banker, in Irvine, and an other gentleman were fishing in the river Garnock they were struck with the appearance of a whirlpool in the centre of the river, which appeared as if the waters were rapidly descending into the earth. Thef immediately concluded that the bed of the river had given way and that the waters were descending in to the colleries beneath, and hastened to the nearest pit's mouth to give an alarm. The men below soon heard the mighsy rushinr fj' the waters, and hastened to escape, which providen tially they all effected, though hout a moment La spare, several of them being up to their necks in wa ter. The water continued to pour into the expensive cavities beneath, and the next day a tremenduously large space broke down, into which the whole rives descended, leaving its bed quite dry for the space oi' a mile on each side of the aperture where it had pre viously been full six feet deep. On the flowing of tho tide the depth of the water below the chasm increased to nine feet; the desolation was awful. The watci still l ushed in a torrent into the earth. Three men in a boat had an almost miraculous escape from be ing sucked into the vortex ; they had no sooner "ot out man ine uoui was urawii auwn wun ieanui r.v pidity. The great body ol water continued to pour down till the whole workings which extended many miles-, were completely filled. A new scene of terror now presented itself the imprisoned air, pressed by the weight of water, burst through the surface of tho earth in a thousand places, which, for the extent ol many acres, presented the appearance of a boilinir caldron. Immense quantities of sand anil water were thrown up, and descended like torrents of rati; for many hours. i3y this calamity six hundred per sons are thrown out of employ; and so extensive is the destruction as to preclude the hope that the worH? are ever to be restored to their former state. Difficulties of Commerce. The discharging n the cargo of the ship Globe, Capt. Dixey, from Can ton, has been interrupted, by information said to have been sent from Boston, from an attempt made u smuggle sewing silks, in tea boxes. The inspectors of the custom house, of this port, acting under the in structions of the surveyor, considered themselves bound to bore the envelopes, greatly to the injury oi the tea and boxes. A conference of the consignees with the surveyor, was held this morning, the res nit. of which we have not learned. This proceedinir. with an officer who has been so long in trade as Cap; Dixey, and whose integrity has never been question ed, is regarded as not a little singular. Phild. Gaz. A question of some interest to merchants and ship owners, will arise in closing the business of the British ship Ulster, wrecked off Long Beach a few davs since. I he spars, rigging, cables, &c. of the ship, which were saved by the exertions of the Wreck Master, were disposed of by the Custom House officer, at Tuckerton who sold them free of doty and all oth er incumbrances. Most of the articles were pur chased by gentlemen of this city, at that time on Long Beach. A great portion of them were sent to thi3 city, in the sloop De Witt Clinton, which arrived yesterday. The facts being made known to the Cus tom House officers, the rigging, sails, &c. were seized for duty, the articles being regarded as regular im portations, and ol course subject to duty. The pur chasers of of the articles resist this exaction. lb. REMARKS. a Wheat nearly destroyed by rust ' this year: there was enough straw for four thousand bushels. . 61 Wheat again nearly destroyed by rust very wivy crop of straw. The oats made on forty acres n me corn land thi nrcedinrj? vear, , v The population of the United States. The Bos ton Journal has some interesting suggestions on this subject, derived from the last Quarterly Register. The greatest population to a square mile is in the niKtrir.t of Hnlnmhia. where it is 393 ; in Connecti cut, 63; in Rhode Island, 72; Massachusetts 81; Mafvland and New Jersey, 40; Ohio, 24; New " v - vi wi.muw, i y . . wV reasons, (mr wmtaw ka mmnnd t Vftrlr dl ? KP.ntlKVlvania. oU. so rarely bard frozen enough to haul upon, that it is I The population of New Yprkm 1840, it is sup impossible to do much at this kind of woVk. We are ! posed will be 200,000, or 200,000 mo than that of compelled to bed and furrow oat land from one end all New England, and about equal to that of all the to the other, and if heavy wagons were to run up- North Western Territories. 1 Jnn3 vania, on it in our wet winters, and they are always wet, is rated at 1,700,000; of Ohio I,3003OUU That of DOtn me lana and wheat onnM nA Ut I Viro ma is not at a lew ujuuuiu muic. niiu inus t Ruaf on wh't nin-the. oats aa belore. and have not the least doubt, if it could he effected, that the oldest settled of the states, wnicn in I W, had a the three next vears on Dart of the corn land of the " the y bestway of using manure. If done population of 747,00( willhave been overtaken by a tstht xvnicn nou uu ww..i,4i. w mt uiu uiuu for jrevimiQ ir.o i nan v cucr bowiuir wneaL uimnmoM iha tahoat vru 11 Including some inferior grain got from the much, and it insures a heavy crop of clover after , one year before thai idate, am not become a State Indeed, Oa hz9 tbs resource rtitica itself screenings, the croo of wheat measured 5400 bushels, wheat, for it protects the clover from the spring frosts, until 180B, and nap, m a popolation oi only Rurt again -27 destrc:tiv3 to tig wbeaL I M ecawes you to bow yor ctover seed early, which j 3DUO- W A Spanish Wife. A female of Puertoblane , (La Mancha,) shortly after retiring to rest with her husband, plunged a poniard into his breast, and then getting up, she ran out crying that her husband had committed suicide. But the husband had time to de clare that his wife had been the murderess. Corns. Nearly nine tenths of mankind art-, troubled with corns, a disease that is seldom ov never occasioned but by tight shoes. All methods of extracting corns seem but to afford, temporary relief, and never will be attended with complete success unless attention be paid to the shoes. It is very dangerous to cut corn too deep, on account" of the multiplicity o nerves running in every direction of the toe?. Easy shoes, frequent bathings of the feet in lukewarm water, with a little salt and potasli dissolved in it, and a plaster made of equal parts of gumgalbanum, safiron and camphor are the be5t remedies that can be recommend ed againt this troublesome complaint. The bunion is produced by the same cause as tfio corn the irritation of which, namely, pressure, being extended to the ccjlular substance, oc casions thickening of it with effusion. The treatment recommended for corns will succeed in case of bunions, but in consequence of the greater extension of the disease the ctire eh course is more tedious. Toilette of Health, Beauty, d), A part of Missouri has been severely visited. The latest accounts are truly melancholy. St. Charles Missouri, July 30, 1833. July 1833, has been to St. Charles a distressing month. 1 ill then the Cholera ielayed its aDoroach, but only delayed to strike more heavily j nor has it come alone, its companion, if possible, more stub born and latal than itseli. It is the congestive lever. How many have been attacked no one can tell. There is scarce a single iamilv in the village, or a t- ' 1 i . i i a. m fmm i ujree iii nets arouna it, wnicn is at presem disease. It is anordinarv occurrence to see every member of the family stretched upon the wot Orchards Among the fairest obiects oli roomsic A number have .died which the eye rests are the orchards whieU aiu. naa it noi oeen tor tne ui - Knrpad rnnnrt th hnnmon'.l, .ia. i i . r. ii niirpc me uitircbB i i UUUUUU1U1I ouvijuc, wuciuur several pnysicians irom ww. f- , cvpra, we conternolate thm W . wouid have been incalculable. . l Wo ' rr, n V , w,,. years I fear before we can recover the shock. Weny scented flowers and fall of neh perfume?, have lost manv, armng wbomjvere ur best infcdi- the songs Gf birdg and the hum of becg r ln tants. The number of deaths with m J the antumnal stillness with the branches ben- past is upwards of 60. The hegl i ding with rosy-cheeked fruits. But we do not and the SL most pro-1 gnify. with the name of orchards those eoJ temperate have reeteen .ou p h Pr olS j D. Williams, Mr. Chatoya, Sr the prunning saw has always been a IreChatyi charks ctexr Mrs-Dr- wson ! and the skill of the cultivator has had no m .Si fc'fl Mr Hanfcr Mr?. O. Maebett, Mrs. tcrcotnw. f
Newbern Sentinel (New Bern, N.C.)
Standardized title groups preceding, succeeding, and alternate titles together.
Aug. 30, 1833, edition 1
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