1
Belief of the Catholics.
TlA
Perhaps a mure interesting
Speech k never delivered in
ana
the Britih Parliament, than the
late Address of the Minister,
Jlr. Pr.F-i. on the proyoatfoti
or removing the disabilities un
It
Ih
i
der which the Catholirs of the
United Kingdom have mj long
labored, and which Ind well
nigh produced a Civil Vrar in
Ireland.
.Thfc Speech fills thirteen c!oe
Columns i a London paper.
We cannot, ihorcforc. give it at
lengthr but thinking it would be
o
ti
gratifying toocT rciutr ioec
nn abridgment of it, which
should contain its most materi
al part, we present them with
the following:
Mr. Peel, after some prelimina
- jy remarks, in which as Minister
of the King, and sustained by the
authority belonging to that cha
racter, he wished to vindicate thc'
Ti&vice given to his Majesty by
united Cabinet, and to subtn the
treasures which were proposed to
i r i . j
; i..iiiiv.v4 iiiiu ructi lur me au
JStment of the Ttoman Catholic
Question that question which
Las so lonjr and so painfully becu
pied the attention of Parliament,
nod which has distracted the
councils of the King for the last
SO years. I approach this suM
ed. almost overwhelmed by thd
magnitude of the interests it in
volves, and by the difficutics w itri
which it. is surrounded. Of thesd
difficulties I am unconscious 6
tne extent. I Know thev are
feal and manv. and they arc iij
Creased by the peculiar situation
of him on whom the lot has bee
Cast to propose this measure, an
dx plain the expediency of its
doption. But, rir. through a
these icrsonal difficulties, howcy
er galling to my feelings and a:
. flirting to my heart, 1 am suppor
cd by the. consciousness that
Lave done my duty towards rrj
Sovereign, and my country. A
cordin" to mv heart and consc
ence. Sir, I believe that the tit
is come when less danger is to
'apprehended to the general int
list of the' empire, and to t
spiritual and tempers! welfare
f ho Protestant establishment.
' attempting to Adjust the jCatbo
question, than :n allowing it to
tnain any longer id its present
state I liav hin r.allflii Upon,
to
give the reasons which ha
c
swavca mc in me aaonuon oi uie
t course I now advocate, and whflch
is in opposition to that I have so
long upheld. And Cop the satis-
'.'".' faction of ithose who have majde
-this appeal to me T should not
ay for their satisfaction, but from
a desire to -attempt bringing con
viction to tficir minds in favor of
my view of .those points on which
we differ, and for t he sat isfaction
of the people of this country
f-I
UfiU endcavpri to make out
he
to
mn I hnve been r hullnncml
Utakc out. I am well aware,
1 feel that I speak in the preset
of a House of Commons, the ma
jority of which arc prepared to
"Vote in lavor ot an adjustment oi
r a jm L
this question. I feel that I ad
, dress a majority of those who have
'for years argued in favor of set
tlement of the question' upon
higher grounds than those which
I would press upon the attentive
consideration of others who aavp
cate a cbntrary opinion. It 15
vholly unnecessary for me to ad-
are already convinced of the ad
vantages of a settlement of t lose
claims, as the only means of ;P crt-
l eg from uh the embarrassments
iind evils bv which we are surrn
n
tied. But I trust that in wh
it I
shall think it nec:s: V tc sav.
with thfc personal object ot
fe
If-
-indication thanwith a view tp at
tempt to satisfy the great body of
the people of this empire, be their
opinion oi the question whit
't
Ui.iv.inal nioro evil tnan a0,4a-i
. ... .1
tos - woaUrcwttrrowtoviiBrtl
n mw m w- fA, c rsrsb 1; fin xtwam I I Ii m I
present t;ue, i nope
In
lo
convince them ot this tact, w
till
v.,
ill
'ill
Dear who mc wnue I zo inrpufrn
... -
the detail, of an argument hich.
t7 .
possesses
all the force: of dekiion -
ttration.- I bavo for years att emp
tcd to maintain the exclusion of
i Homan Catholics from, political
power in Ireland. I do not khink
T it was an unnatural or - unre.akona-
tie struggle. I : have delisted
irOfll i iuii:hjviiv w. ...
. victiou that it could be ho linger
' advantageously maintained j and
from finding that I was not fu rnish-
mA with adeauate . materials or
sufficient instrutuit$. Uthers
c.m dinosed to iush clprtain
ll-.:...-;'..lt.i nnrvteut. that Would
ocndaWr the very cstdbliih -
those who require no argumefcit loH,. tt-a b ihir
molt they .rc r.srioss to defend.
.Uajestv's Government does
vieldtothero in a rcalous de-
strfeto- preserve the Lonsiuuuyu
support that establishment.
therefjre, rets to explain the
a . - ' A
apparent contradiction oeiwcttu
b assertion and the measure we
vo advised
Mr. P. then went into a state- j
J
rdrnt cf fact to prove the danger
tnat would be run bv the iiovern
nirnt from a continued resistance
the Catholics for a redress of
nr erwivnnces. lie saiu uj
rlmdition of the Countrv wassuch
that something must le done.
His firt position was, that there
ii an evil in divided Cabinets and
distracted Councils which cannot
ic longer tolerated. Thisheiog.
Conceded and that a United Go
vernment must be farmed iQ.ac
hext pUice.that GovernmeJ,. must
choose one of t"o.eourses thev
biust advance, or toey must re
cede; they mu grant further po-
fiiicai piTviledges t the Koman
Cm' 1 ' a 1 ' A 1
flours, or iney ipui renauk
these already given to them. 1 am
told, it is not now the first lime
the two Houses of 'Parliament
have differed, and that therefore
matters remain unchanged; and
that accordingly, the same system
should he pursued. But are c
vents exactly the same 1 Do not
the same events, frequently com-
'ing to pass, bring about other c-
& m a . m w w r .
years,
or for ever? So far as my
own course
in
this question is
Concerr61r it is the same with that
w hich suggested itself to my rumd
in 1025 when I was his Majesty's
Principal Minister for the Home
Department', and found myself in
a minority of this House upon the
division on this question. When
I then saw the numbers arrayed
against me in this House I felt
that, at least, my position as a
Minister was untenable. The mo
ment, Sir, that I, the Minister for
Irish affairs, foand that I was left
in a minority on that question,
which was above all others,.. of
paramount ' interest and impor
tance to the cotiniry, that moment
1 oig!..' to be relieved from' the
duties and responsibility. of oftice.
I stated to the Earl of Liverpool,
who was then at the head of the
Administration, that it was my
anxious wish to be relieved from
office. It sis, however notified
to
tt.i Vrw rrlr-nei: WOUMI
c retirement ci iJ;e
occasiuii
Earl of Liverno
.nl; and that such
an event would of ose, at once
jrofluce a dissolution of the
mfnistration, the responsibility 'o.
which would rest with me I held
my hand. If I had'actcd simply
in obedience to my own wishes,
as an individual, I should have re
signed. I was induced, however,
to retain my office, and make ano
ther experiment upon the feelings
of the country I have stated
the motives which induced me.
In -182G there was a new Parlia
ment, and in 1U27 a majority! in
this House of twenty-tbree against
the Catholic question. In 132C,
however, the House took a differ1
cut view of the matter, and
though it did not pass a bill, it a
grccd to a resolution favorableto
the principle of adjustment. That
resolution being passed, I felt sat
isfied tljat tho sene ofthe coun
try had been fairly taken, for it
was the decision of a new House.
I then determined that nothing
should induce mc to .remain long
er in office to obstruct this mea
sure. In the last year, for. the
firt time in this Parliament;; di
I anion between the two Houses
iv nc revived. 1 then aw there
and th:it was a most painful one
it ww painful to act in oposi-
tion to prc-conceived impressions,
nnil to ".tAmftd friends, and in
i . u.l.l f-rtiirw iiirnnst r nt
... .... I f.Tt an A
T MIU1 1 ll uui v
- S' - V - X,. eTWli- of
ovc with that
uar Frcse1
A. ii r .-.l
mil IfiCC HUltll tiwuw- - - ------
. . M ?
I " " 57
.v
n . A I Witt
, iuii'uiimu:. win m.
Zt::ry
. .
w .r , jctcT.
I was deter
1 ... -... . tci.
vents T It the two Houses oi j tie loiu, as i wan on a wnner nt
Parliament have be ?n divided a- cation, in forcible though familiar
gainst each other for thd last five j language, that ' this is the old sto
years. is that a reason they arc to rv that all this has been so for
be divided, in like manner, for ten the last twenty years, and thero-
To use tho beautiful words pfopimc
Drydco
" 1 n Mia wj:n ease, uut oa : auw-
- . M " . t 9 m
ease, but
hardlv triei
V. L
Lu,"cr
Br haughty eoul. to -hcx&u
tied: -
Oh ! deep connive paag-i or ago- cj,ard thing to cll upon the respon
ding pride.' ; 1 siblc rniatsters of the Crown to
When I felt last year, that the carry on resistance, without fur-
case was as 1 nave states xt to ne..
I determineuto iave ino course
which I wished to take in 1825; -
but with this difference,-that I in-
. tiaiatcd to the NqMc Dale il the
head cf his Majesty's -Govern
merit, not only that 1 was axixkms
to (retire from pfikre, bqt 1hat I
felt so strorerlv the current of pub
lic! opinion was setting io favor, of
tne i a i none vunns, mm. "
soever situation l.ftH- tind rot
self. I should not' cookler myself
lustmed in mUktnir any turliier
opposition to those claims; adding.
that whatever privaUitnd person
al sacrifice At might inflict -opoo
mo, I. was prcjred; after the e
vents of the last year, "to submit
to it, in the support of ny mea
sure which I might tensiier com
patible' with che ;fety of the Pro
testant hstab- shment: I detailed
oa a Cutticr occasion, that a dread
Art Co"uniotion had distracted the
plic mind in Ireland that a
, feverish agitatidb A;, unnatura-1 ex
citement prevailed, to a degree
scarcely credible, throughout the
I entire country. I ttenjpteu to
! show that the social intercourse
was poisoneu inero, in us cry
spring that family was divided
against family, and man against
hts neighbor, that, in a word,
the bonds of social life, were nlto
etber dissevered that the foun
tains of public justice were cor
ruptedthat the spirit ofdrscord
walked openly abroad and that
an array of physic al frc was
marshalled against the law, andtu
the imminent danger of the pub
lic pence. -But, perhaps I shall
a 1 . a
fore there is no reason tor n
change. lo this t repir, sir,
thrrn m reason tor. a C!iatire. "no
the reason is, because it. is the
eld story.: It is, because this
state of things hrfs so long existed,
and we have been SQ-iong unable
to find a remely. It is for thisf
sir, that I am tired of maintaining
tho present system. It is obvious
it cannot exist; it. must be chang
ed. We. cannot determine, upon
remaining idle spectators of the
sufferings of Ireland." The uni
versal cry of the country declares
that something must be- done.
Some of . my Hon. rriends may
come to an opposite conclusion,
but I know I afh only echoing tin;
sentiments of all reasonable men.
whcB I say that something mast
be done. I ask you to .examine
the state of his Majesty' Govern,
meat for the last thirty five years,
nnd to mark the bearing of the
Catholic Question upon the Go
vernment the divisions it has
created among the Statesmen
the atsiT'ction it has occasioned
in our pouncils, ana tbe weakness
it has consequently produced.
Mr. t. called on gentlemen to
rcnec on the disunion that had
prevaiibd id the Administration
on Irish arrairs fy the last 5a
years, and then say whether the
course now proposed is not the
only one that will do , any good.
Mr. I. then took a brief history of
the Catholic, question .from .Vfr.
Pitt's Administration to the pres
ent time, shewing that the Cabi
net had always beep much divi
ded on this subject, and that Par
liament had also been in tho same
situation. The consequence has
been that differences have arisen
between honorable men. and that
the public mind, in Ireland had
been probed until a dangerous
and exaggerated sensitiveness has
been created in it with respect to
all passing event t.
With respect to the present
Home .of Commons, is it an un
fair representation of the public' o
pinion upon this great question?
Was it not elected. at a period
when the public mind -was suffi
ciently alive to the Catholic ques
tion? Was it not sufficiently ac
quainted with the ctforts made to
pass Catholic Relief Bills through
Parliament, and with the state of
Irelaid? Sir, tht House was elec
ted after the direction of the pub
lic attention -Lad been- eiven to
Ihc j.rocepd.URs-of tho Catholic
Association. The bill to
sup-
Prc that Association had been
: ) .a - . ..
i passed, and the dicussion on the
brought to a
t fp '"s than five night V
i cd, sir, was the tune for public
I rtuiuw. us i nc Luaitrriars i or a ;uc
iccssfjl contest. But. harm? suf-
f- ,
iOT lt l aon to hard , hat we
. should be blamed for not carrying
on a ooouehj resfevaocc. 11 is a
msuiug us wita ttiase instruments
ny Tnjcn aione me name canoe
"63gr!tT Foryir, 'jnsk-voo wfr
we are told ofthe feeling
county agtuni! the Catboli
vwu. w tw w . w.- "I"
pie. it is but of a short date, j
i - :.,- f errant i
cbeerin-V-Hnd 1 say, sir, it ooght
a. I
to have been shown, not by pubhc
meetirtzs. but bv the public excr
cise of tSe elective franchise. It
isToturto throw upon Ministers
the whole rcsponsibilty of resis
tance when that resistance was
i
paralysed by the way m wtucn
the people had exercised the e
lective franchise. .
Mr P. then, referred to the
members returned to the present
Parliament, shewing, that in many
ufthe couuties they were equauv
divided on the Catholic question,
and in a greater number of coun
ties and towns there was a majori
ty in lavor of granting relief.
These things, I say, prove to me,
that the voice of "the people was
not deliberately pronounced a
roinst the consideration of this
grea question, at that period
when it might have, been pro
nounced with most i effect. I
therefore conclude that it does not
exist. Be this so, or be it not so,
I' do say, that it is hard upon those
Who have fought the battle a-
"aint-i makine further concessions
to ,the Catholics, for the last ten
rs. with Houses so nearly d-1
vea
vided, with forces so nearly ef.ual,
now to charge them with want of
zeal, because they consider it
would be useless to Continue the
struggle longer I maintain, that
when the cour?n of lrte question. is
looked at k di'.ring the period which
I have- name-.'f, it is not fair to
throw upon me all the responsibil
ity for taking it what it has be
come. With repect to the infe
rences which may be drawn as to
the stale of. public opinion, from
the debates, in this House, 1
should like , to know to what con
clusion any man must come who
has watched the progress of our
discussions. Who, I would ask,
are thy who have taken the most
prominent part in them? On whom
has the brunt ofthe battle fallen?
Sir, 1 hold in my hand a list of the
speakers in the several debates
which have taken place on this
subject. It would be invidious to
l - a "IT -.a
! go into details, ana I amine last
man who would wish; to do so, as
many of my Hon. Friends, who
feel the utmost zeal in the cause,
have been, by various circumstao.
ces, precluded from taking a part
in debate. It might, therefore,
lt unfair to draw any inference
from that to w hich I have alluded.
I will not assume any deficiency of
zeal from the paucity of numbers:
but I do think it hard that an in
dividual, after fighting tho battle
for ten years, should be accused,
as I have been, by those who, du
ring that long period have wit
nessed the struggle without once
opening their mouths in support
of that cause for which they now
manifest such extraordinary anx
iety. Now, sir, having described to
the House what has been the
state of the Government, jand
what the situation of the two
Houses of Parliament, during the
last five and thirty years, I come
next to the consideration of a sub
ject not less important what was
state of Ireland during that period?
Mr. P. then took a view of all
the difficulties and disturbances
that have taken place in Ireland
for the last twenty-five years: Af
ter which he added, couple this
with tho differences which have
existed between the two Houses
of Parliament on this question, and
with the divided state vf the Go
vernment, and then, I will ask, is
not the position which I advan
ced at the outset perfectly made
good, namely, that thfs state of
things cannot continue that some
effort must be made to enable
Parliament .and the Goverment to
unite with one common feeling in
the administration of the af-
lairs oi ireianuf I now, sir, a p-f
lroiuii mc cuii-siaeraiioo
loo of the j
what that j
important question.
course ought to be
(7o be Concluded in our next.)
Horrible Executions at Utbon.
Lisbon. "March 7. Th t-.v rfi
. -A :n u . s
-ed with rebeUion against DooiP , T 'lhJP09t "f he
Miguel on the 9th January hav-if? - nd thefo h.v- reinained
ing ordered them to give in their 1 7 ' ' I
written answers in t wenty-fUur 1 pi , t, "-"", , ' - '
hours, concluded its proceeding, ' emt!rlhU Auar. The
on the 20 th ult. On that day the ,olIm,n? extraordinary circura
sentence wa? drawn op, signed. stance s said tQ nave tely oc
and sent to Miguel for his appro- curre al or near Hillsborougb,
bat ion Bt that sent cne RrtVn. in Fountain Conntv !n K
4dJCC,yoreJra and four more were tate of Indiana? Pnr cnmA
W 1 A. A.
7 K-
of the condemned to transport a tioo for years part this place iias been
c ijue:- J ten year;. The rcaiimdcr cf th? infested with snake?, o nttmcr-
r .1 : .r-r
or ironi am ui , --
nf tniilt. But such a sentrntr
cot,ld not fV
ft
holild
fore, rdsolved tnai auouic.
K .irawn. bv which the tirsl hve
convicts should be hung, ntwfj
. . aA C r 1Itl- nml nil
.u r..Vtr.r, v'pars. Thev met
lilt; iv. , f .
with opposition from one or two j
of the judge, and a negociation ;
took place which lasted jsomo
days, hut their scruples were ei
ther satisfied or silenced, and the
sentence which Miguel desired
was signed on the 4th inst. It
iriruiH tr, th onsoners -on. the
5th, and only twenty-four hours
were allowed thcra to prepare for
death. This was ngninst all law
custom, three days for prepara
tion being always hitherto gran
ted. Yesterday accordingly they
were executed. A new. gallows
was erected on Sodre jsquare,
where the. meVchants generally
meet in the afternoon on business.
because their loyalty to the young
queen is fully established by their
expressed sentiments and their
'. ... . i
scanty riiant ics to the usurpers
government. The same square i
the principal quay and landing
Pace from tho Tagus. There,
frQm the-morriing. a. great number.
of troops were, collectedj but it
was only by two O clock that the
he
fatal procession arrived, numeT
rnnslv escorted. The unfcrto
nate men to be executed jwere all
barefooted, with white large slee
ved frocks, which covered them
all over: each, of them had two
priests by his side. Thej execu
tion began by a youth only seven
teen years old; though the sen
tence said twpty. He was mid
shipman, the son of Colonel Cha
by He was led to the ladder
of the erallows, and 'oblisred to
kneel before it during ten minutes
whilst the priest were praying o
ver him. Having ascended it, he
was directed to turn round and to
seat himself on One of the steps
V hilst the hangman who, cover
ing the young man's headjwith the
white cap of his gown, turned him
off from the ladder, and got
on his shoulders, riding j him and
swinging about with one of his
feet upon the victims'- hand
(which being tied together made
a kind of stirrup,) another 'hang
man, pulled him down by the feet.
This lasted about ten minutes
more, and when life was conside
red to he- quite extinct, the
body was taken down and
laid on the gound. The second
was aisC 9 very youn man, cadet
in the Corps of .Marinds, said in
the sentence to be twenty-three,
but who was hardly tweuty years
old; his name war James Ghavis
Scarnichia. - The third was said
to he one Joaqukn Velez Barrei
ros, but was, in fact, the gallant
Presf vello, who gave a f.ilse name
on ' entering the goal, and kept it
in order not to injure Ii is family.
He showed tho greatest, courage
and resolution to his ;hn? oreilh,
refusing to answer to. the priests,
who endeavpred lo make hrm ac
knowledge Miguel The fourth
was Jose Gomes lereira Braga,
thirty-three years old, j a lieuten
ant of artillery; and the last, Brig
adier General Alexandre Manoel
Moreira Freirar They general
ly showed courage, hut none like
the bravo Prestvello.f who had
been formerly an officer in the ar
my, and lately Colonel! oft he Mil
itia in one of the northern provin
ces, where he had h-is' estate, for
he belonged to a wealthy and
distinguished family, '-. He . had
served under Napoleon, and gain
ed from him the cross of the Le
gion of Honour. He had gone to
England, but being ashamed to re
main inactive, returned to aid the
public cans?. ; He landed onlhe,
very night ofthe 9lh of January;
and a few. hours after he was in i
ronv? There he remained six"
weeks without speakino" a w6rd to
a friend, seeing any on or even
beingr allowed to change hi linen!
When called to give his defence
in twenty-four hours he was cove
red with vermin, and nearly in a
state of distraction. I After tho
. .7 Doa,p' were cut rip wn and
laid
on the ground, the hangman
th
The
ron
aUT .V
3
preat was the terror of the citi--
ens that few dared to venTUTe
out after dark for fear of them.
Last Fall, a person fivinp in tksr
neighborhood, discovered a care
in tlie bank of the cjreck, where
it was supposed they had taken
. , ' .i ,
up their abode for the Winter,
Upon the information obtaining
circulation, '-'the cititeus turned
out en masse to destroy them.
They commenced, by digging
and removing the earth and
rocks, from the mouth ofthe den,
up.til they came to thenu They
lay .'in coils . in the crevrees of
he rocks. Wooden hooks were
hrust in, and frequently three
or four were drawn out. The
two first days, they caught one
hundred and forty-two -about
one hundred were Rattle Snake
and' the remained the Copper
headed Snake. They were ig
pencral of the largest size.
Digging and killing have since
continued, but to what extent
we are not informed. 1
Stop the Murderer Atk honest,
thrifty farmer of this county,
was murdered (killed dead)
some twelve or fifteen days;
since, while travelling" heme
from market, y a notorious' va,
gaboncl, who has long- been a
the habit df ; knocking, folks
down, whenever he could-catch
them from home: and he has
grown so hold, that it is xrot uo-.
common for-him to steal into the
very domicils of people, and le
vel them with the floor of their
own dwellings! It behooves all
of us, to endeavor to put a stor
to the devastating course of this;
abominable,;. marauder, and. not
suffer him to run at Large any
longer. His name is "Whfske;"
and we presume he is so well
kriowhitwill be unnecessary
for us to describe him: our only
objec is to raise a hue-and-cry.
tliat the people may turn out u
stop him, to the end that he may?
be confined ixithin proper linitt.
Yv West; Car.
TVe find the following notice,
ip the Boston daily .Advertiser:
Married -In Fail River, on
Monday moring-, Mr. A ndrew
C. Fearing, merchant f this ci
ty, to Miss . AldiborontiphoMro
phonio Cowen, of the former
place.
The fatfier of this lady most
certainly have been corned when
he was christened. . - No wot
der the parties were married in
a river, and tliat the hushani
fearing;. . ' , ..
Trial (f a Deserter' A cccrt
martial was" held atJefferfl
Barracks, on the 28th Decem
ber for the trial of WlHiani Hos
ton, ot If art, of the-j 0th rrg
ment 01 S. Infantry, for deser
tion fromi said - Barracks in AV
pril last; for :re-enjisting at
Natchez and receiving beauty
while a deserter J- and for deser
ting thence shorlly .afterwards.
The prisoner pleaded gnilty,
and was condemned to be fhot.
The proceedings were transmit
ted to the War Department,
for approval, and an order wa
issued on the 17th uh. conii6
ingv a pardon from , Presibert
Jackson, on the ground "that
while the conduct of the soUier
present no mitijafinpr rircni
stince which in a slate of wav
w ould Iemand interposition ti
the pardoning power, there is
at the same time nothing in it of
a character which at a period
of profound peace requires t
punishment of death."
.1 .Vew State in Xorlh AntrH--
A Parris paper 6f February
17, says"By air act f uv
General Assemblyiof the State,
of North Caroliha.'a new Siai
has been formed in'that part f
iHorih America; - it bears
name of Macon!!?'
Rhode Isla.nd. A letter
from Newport of tin. 1 Bth
says, that returhs. from ail .!''
tow ns ia this slate rMid r i
I tain that the Jackson tit U - t '
State Officers is cium2Iii:,- 1 v
ihn r t n rrhl:
ataajoriiy ox ow. '
V
I
I
fi
Ii
Si
.1
1:
4
i
i
i