Newspapers / The Era (Raleigh, N.C.) / July 3, 1873, edition 1 / Page 1
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, - - - '.- - .... -. ..- - - .--'. - - .,f ... 1 r v - . , , . , ' .- : - ; - ' j ... . t : - - - - - - -. - - . ' - . . - Corn. 12.00 -. ,. ' - " - I.., ... . . t ' . , ' .. 1 - - t i l An I n nnt on vi on rml Krt no "-. - - . v ,--, ;'.. . , .. -:.;-1'.:- . : v,; rrr : tt " : -r- : m : : 1 do 80 OOi "Weekly One year. In mtocp, a . .Six UlOIUhS, 1 ou Three months, iO. - - , -4 Job l'jiix-nxu: Job .AVork nothp ' afid rrotDft!y"exfcuteil, of ever (yle ; and on tb? most . reoscnabla .ernis.- ' Order, K"k-''cd frmi tdl .art of lho";. vol. in. -3'AliEIGH, X. C., -TB:lTRSD Y, v 4TJLY 3, 1873., M). 3. ft (M 12 OOi 15 00 10 00 18 00 25 00 40 00 oo;$io oo?io m. 12 001 l. OOi 17 W: IS 00 20 00 30 00 50 00! in (uv it I , n at oo 82 00 8.) 00 50 00 r& oo 40 C'8 45 CO 60 00 80 00' SO 00,150 00 SION'. II. KOGHItS, Attorney 4 at Lay", n.vi.i:iui3t ?r. c-, . - 7fcd on I'ujeilcrillc Mrect, ttco hulj ,,7rr Soutk cf YarboromgJk House, Haywood old office. ' Prai-ticcM in the Federal out State Courts.- . , 43 8m. rOETRY, - An Old Hand. It ('. B4DOKR. T. F..DTESSCX. iiaigi:k& wkvekeux, Solicitors in Bankruptcy, Oflice in trouach lUiiUlin, second door X'lrth of Yarboronh IIonse, . RAi.r.itit, . c, . "S Will attend to ll v&si-t llankraptcy. Mr. IJ.i.Jcr will attrjid all t be terms ofthe D"utri"i t'-ouru.. J - - No rxtr f-clw!r"l for A.-onnltatIon, Clu?-vCin J and u riakled, kntickly and truwn,' . . -, - This jrood old han-Jla clasping mine; a ncmi aucrt-e it. ana. looKinsr down. - I I tu!y its aspect, line ly line. TIiIm ha;d hat clasped a Uiousrand Lands ,Tbat lonfj Lave knoAvn.no aoBwerlns . thrill; . " . . Some have moiddcrcd in foreign lands , Some in the gTaveyard on the Li Ik Clapped' r iuotLr hand in the day -- ' . When it wo litrle and soft and white- Mother, wbo k'.gsod it, and went mvmy ' To rest till t'le-waking in God's good ;.li:ht, i.; v . , . . . - iliv 13, 187S 47 tf. Cla!pel a lover's Land, years aone, ' W'lin fiailed away and left iter ia tears ; Under Sahara' torrid ot.. . It lone4 - .years. . have whitencid years and T. x. AtOV Clapped Uie hand of a good man true, v jh neiu usoiny ana leu asleep," . , -- - - 'V. v u;nAnivlv no twj-re. and never kqcw nnir v i,,vt IO" iii.it, ltuprvsa -mi -vriu,i. . ARGO & HARRIS, Attorneys and Counsellors at Law, (Office oh I'auetteville street, near the j" Court JIoH-ie.) T. M. Ar-o and J. C. I-. IlarrU Laving formei a er-iartnrrship for the practice r law vvii! attena promptly to any busnies' eul ri ttni to them. !; ir. nussiiNiiss caiiis. PITTSIJOIIO IIOTKL, I'itt-Ci-J. Cli:itlinti Co.. V. J. II. Ill'ItKC, Proprietor. II. - C. C. WILLARD, EBBITT HOUSE, 4S- AVASIIIXUTOX, I. C. -.'mi h. c. i:cci.i-:s. Proprietor, CENTRAL. HOTEL, triLviti-oi'Tio. is.'. c Man li 7, 17.5. 171 tf N AUMSTROXO, I .'AVKTrKVII.I.K STKKKT, . i; AJ.KIUJI -V. r., II O Iv II 1 N I) I Ami I.!. ink XewsjKii-tT.s MaaJne, and Law llooks, of every tleseription. Imnd in the very best style, and at lov.-wt prices. Old numbers of Supreme Court Ke jorts taken in exehan) for binding. J. A. AXSI.KY. Formerly J. A. Anslev v; Co., noisKRT r. joux.is, tf MockviIletIavie eountv. N. C. j Augusta, Ansley &, Johnson, !-' TOI5ACCQ connivsio.f 7i u u r 2 1 a vis, Are preparwilo mnke iiU'ml advaneeI oil tdt:2meiit ToIjui-co. ai:d amplA stot-k of all trades, 1 t. the trad.) uti.MiriMtsMed iinliiccsnent-s. Call and see us at ur s'rictly pror.f wareiiooKO, turner Frvor 1 1 tinier Ktrecbi, Aljanljv, iirorsia 4 r.KTm.tftf-V&'gSjZylC. U. A. l."ivfs i.. tiislwurj N. O. It. F. Si ii .'-. hu. lq., Vrtssl.ltt fim .R.-ik of ktateari) authenticate! copy of-the opinion. in ife case oi uunn ana liarry, nnd have seenvp uly the newspaper re port which we presume to be cor rect. I have considered it carefully and I do not think it .is In conflict with Hill and Kessler, or with any other decision of this court. On the contrary, it is in, exact conformity with our decision1:; If there is ary thing peeminIy. in conflict it. Ij only a dictum, . which binds neither that court nor ' The facts in f!nnn and Hnrrr irh thit of tYa time when the Goria homestead I said that this 'Was not the object of- laws werenassei! tiunn notonlv had our exemnnon laws.-- uut that the aaeot araiast tnis aeDtor. hut had saetl lum and obtained conflict,- but it is the Georgia home stead laWs and North Carolina homestead laws that are unlike, a3 has own already shown. v. .- -I know, that we cannot always look to tlio .hardship of case to guide our . lUt-isions-they. are the quicksand of the law, but still it is proper to look to the effect of our decisions-to enable us to see Wheth er we are carry in? out the purposes Of legislation. .What is the purpose of exemption, leirlslation? Lh it to deft debts? :-Vv have repeatedly From th;' JIoic Al H.uiioro American. st A JDueL r keep. C!ared an many, so many ! so few That still respond to the livinzwill. Or can answer this pressure so kind and true: '15o many, that lie unmoved and still! Clasped, at last, this hand my own ; And mine will moulder, too, in turn u ill any clasp it when I am gone? In vain I study this hand to learn ! AVoman's Virtue. ' BY W. D. GALLAGHER. Weiuan's strength is her virtue her wiil her desire. For a love that is purer a life that is iiiuer A truth that is sure r a faith that is stronger A hope that is brighter a charity longer, And broader, and deeper, and, oh ! much uemgnci ; With an impulse that ev er incities her to twine her White arms and swt-et purioses round what Is pure. And Kerebc. ami unselfish, and sinless. ami sure. What the roue to the garden, the leaf to the tree, Ana the grass to two hills, to mans mansion is she. Like the sun to the earth like the stars to tho skies She's the warmth of his love, and the lUht of his eyes. Tin: iio3ii:steai law. itn arfcl s .-OCEAN HOUSED- .'jtcvi'oitTi-it. e A 31. 11. ST IS BUT, - 1'ropi'ictur. Devisiuu of the Suprexno Court. It is Constitutional. Mr. Justice Readc on Wetlnesday, the ISth June, gave the following opinion in the ca,se or uarrett r Cliohire, in which he sustains the constitutionality oi me liomesteau 1j9v as follows: That complaint alleges, that on the.od of June, 1871, the plaintiff "was the owner anu in possession of one hay horse and one black mule, of the value of $300. That on that day the defendant unlawfully took the same from his possession and converted them to his own use.' There is nothing else alleged in the complaint. The answer, after objecting to the want of a summons, "denies all th allerations - in the crminlainr." Thcm Is rothing el.e ir he aiis&n?: T nil K' MUST rLl'ASAXT SLM.MEK sort on tho South Atlantic Coast. Open all the year round. Kxti-i iireivtmtions and inducements for Si..iimerviilor. .s.ti.hnr. Fil.inyr. Surf and Slill-bath inir. Mu"i:a.-I Hancing. . t-Tab!-- s ipniieil with every deli t ;ti-y of I.tml a-: I e.u Ilms airy and comfortable. l'mmenad-- verandahs, and the best view of the Harbor and sea-front from the promenade on the top of the House, Terms moderate. S:eeial arrangements for families. V. ; T. ADAMS & SOX, " Manufacturers and Dealers in - H 'V HAM ENO IXES, SVW AXD ItISX 3IILLS, riiitik, Harrows, Cnlllvaior, Ilokilincr -'laclilett, ami all kind of i CA STI NG H . All work neatly and promptly nc-t-uttsl, by skilfr.l workmen, on the most reasonable terms. T.ie benior partner has had over 40 vcars rxperienee in the business, ami .els justified in saying that ho can give entire satisfaction. Vv'AJf TEIX 100,000 pounds ofold Cast Iron, for winch the highest market price will le naid. in ea-sh or exchange for work. I Works one square Vet of Conn i t II.oiiw. K.deiirh. Au-jr. 13. 1S72. 9-w3m. .VAT. L. 15 11 OWN, . i DEALER IX ;: vtucrr i ctk: i k. i ( a n net 1 Goods, Pickles Sauces, Apples, Oranges, lemons and Nuts; I Frobh Crackers and i Cakes. .New arrival of rcw.Diti:v.' caukia;i:s. A l.u-ge -.o-k of ! TfrsiCAi. i.sxiU'.ntTs, i Such as Violins, Banjos, Guitars, Ae- -ordeOns, Flutinas, Drums, Fifes, ! Flutes, riccolos, Flageo- ' lets, Tamborlnes'aud Triangles. VIOLIN, BANJO AND STRINGS. " OUITAR Violin Bows, llair, Bridges, Pegs, Tail Piocei, Drum Heads, Cord and Snares. BASKETS I BASKETS I BASKETS I A large assort men Zt PLAIN AND FANCY BASKETS. Birds and Bird Cpet Cold and Silrer Fish, FACY CiOODS, TOYS, Ac, Of Every Description. My stock of Fancy Goods, Toys, Jte. I will sell at COST, to reduce stock. Don't forget No. 10, FayettevUle street, Raleigh, N. C. mch27 40:3tn. in controversy naa rxx L wUv,titi to the laiatiff, ashik pcional prop erty t.eraption as against, certain exect:tions which were Issntd pjraiust him froni Clio wan Snpefitu' txurt, cn dents contracted since the ratification of the Constitution ; and thereupon the executions were re turned to Court, endorsed, "noth mg to oe found." llns is or no importance in the case, and we sup- ... " . . A 1 1 A. 1 pose it vas biaieu oniy io e.xpiaiu why the allotment had been made, It is further stated as follows: "On the SOth of May, 1871, the same property was sold under an execution from the LT. S. Circuit Court at Raleigh, for a debt con traded and due in 1SG7, at .which sale, the defendant purchased, and was placed in possession by the Marshal." It is further stateu that, "upon the trial, the defendant asked the court to charge that the property in controversy was liable to the exe cution from the United States Cir cuit Court, and the seizure and sale by the Marshal under which he claimed were valid." The court refused so to charge, TheJurv found th issues for the plaintilf, and thf iI.-:V'itl,i:it ap milled. Having only :ij-j ii;t: jurisdic tion, itis plain thai we arc conliuetl to the record; and that we can know no fact which is not stated, and can decide no point which is not raised, and must sustain his Honor unless error is shown. The only error alleged is the refusal of his Honor to charge, that the property in controversy was liable to the ex ecution from the United States Court, and that the sale by the Marshal was valid. His Honor must be sustained unless we can see that the execution and sale were regular and valid. Now, if there can be such a thing as an in valid execution, we are to take it that this was invalid. It is true that it is stated that it issued upon a debt due in 1SG7, and if we as sume, what is not stilted, that it was a debt due from the plaintiff. still It is not stated that there ever was any judgment upon the debt, in any court, at any time. Ana n there was a judgment, it is not stated whether it was alive or dor mant: or whether it was against we piainiin or some oiner person: or whether it was issued to tne Marshal: or what was its form or substance; or whether the levy and sale were regular. Surely we can not say, upon such a skilfully ob served state or facts, that tne de fendant was entitled to the charges asked for. And his Honor could not assume that there was a regular judgment and execution, without assuming what ought to be improbable, that an inferior U. S. court, sitting in North Carolina, would subject the property of its' citizens to sale. when the highest court in the State had repeatedly decided it was not subject to sale. It was stated at the bar by the counsel on both .sides that a recent decision of the Supreme Court, Gunu vs Berry, which went up from Georgia, was supposed to be in conflict with Hill vs Kessler, 63 N. C.-IL, and several subsequent cases in this court, in regard to our Homestead laws: and that It is of great importance to the public, as wen as to those parties, tnat this court should reconsider Hill and Evessler. If it were true that the United States Supreme Court had decided the principles laid down in Jill vs Kessler contrarywise tnere- to. we should make haste to con form our decisions to the decision of the United States Supreme Court, because 4n all cases within its juris diction, that is the highest court, and the proper administration of ustiec, and the true principles oi our Government, and the good or der of society and the comity or courts, require subordination. We have not been furnished with an a judgment against hiii, which 'Judgment was & 'tot upon the debtor' land,- and thereby Oimn had a rested ridU in the land which the homestead laws could not divest. And therefore the U. S. Supreme Court, in its opinion.' well saysr--"The effect of the Act in question (theGeorgiallorneslcnd Act) tinder the circumstances-of TMWVJdi-t.eyt irvvL.'not merely impair It annilitraltgrTtiS remedy. There ia none left. But the Act goes still further. It with draws the land from the lien of the judgment, and thus destroys a vested right of property, which the creditor had acquired in the pur suit of the remedy to which he was entitled by the law as it stood when the judgment ws recovered. It is, In effect, taking one person's prop erty and giving it to another with out compensation." This principle was expressly conceded by us in Hill vs Kessler, and was expressly decided by us in Wheat hen vs Ter ry, G4 N. C. It., p. 2-5, teas the only point In that t case. And subse quently we decided that where there was tho hen or a trust deed the homestead did not operate. It is true that it is not onh decid ed in Gunn vs. Barry that vested rights were effected in that case, but it is also said that the Georgia homestead laws impair the obliga tion of contracts, and are therefore void. It is also conceded in Hill r. Kessler, and in all the cases in our court, that if our homestead laws impair the obligations of contracts, they are void, but our cases are all put upon the ground that our home stead laws do not impair the obli gation of - contracts. And it may very well be that the Georgia home stead laws do impair contracts. while North Carolina homestead laws do not. They are not at all alike. In order to show that the Georgia homestead laws do impair the obligation of contracts," the learned Judge, in his opinion copies the Georgia exemption laws prior to the . present homestead laws, to show that they were very small land not exceeding $200 in value, and iK-Tsonal property of small amount, and -then he copies the homestead exemptions to show that they are very large $2,000 land in fee simple, with all subsequent im provements in addition, and $1,000 ersonai property. And then the earned Judge says, "No one can cast his eyes over the former and later exemptions without being struck by thft greatly Increased magnitude f-r the latter." And hence the inference is, that the ob jects of the later exemptions was not the securing. of neiessaries to men and thfir fanliUr- but to dp. t ion laws and our pre laws with those of Georgia. ..Our act of 3 85U Revised Code exempts personal property, articles byname, which may be of the value of sever al hundred dollars, more or less, ac cording to the circumstances of the debtor's family. And in 18GG-'C7, prior to the existence of the debt in the case before us, an act was passed exempting "all necessary farming and mechanical tools, one work house, one yoke of oxen, one cart or wagon, one milch cow and calf, fif teen head of hogs, 500 pounds of pork or bacon, 50 bushels of corn, 20 bushels of wheat, household and kitchen furniture not exceeding $200 in value. Tho libraries of At torneys at law, practicing physicians and ministers of the gospel, and the instruments of surgeons and den tists, used in their professionJ Acts 'G5-7 ch. JBL ' It is apparent that an allotment of those articles approximate $1,000, and in many cases would exceed that sum in value. And the same act allows a homestead of 100 acres, without restriction as to value, which in many cases would be worth, with the improvements, llllll .llOU'TitlJU. 1 In 1SG3! our constitution was adopted and in that, our present homestead law is limited to $1,000 realty, not in fee simple, but for a limited time, and personalty to the value of $o00. Can it be said of our homestead law, as the learned judge said of the Georgia law, that any one in casting his eye over them, as compared with former exemptions, would be struck by the magnitude of the increase? Our homestead law is not an increase but a restric tion upon former exemptions. And they were not made to defeat debts, but to secure necessaries and omforts to our citizens. From this explanation it will be seen that the decision 01 , me ou- preme Court of the United States in the Georgia case, conflicts In noth- our own decisions : Dut they are in exact confomity. The Georgia case decides two points, first, that in that particular case, the plaintiff had obtained a judge ment on his debt, before the home stead laws were passed, and that, in Georgia that judgemet was a lien upon the debtor's property, which he had at its rendition : and that thereby the plaintiff had a vested right, a property, which could not be destroved. or taKen irom one nprsnn unii r-iven to another. We distinctly conceded this prirfci'ple in c ; - . Hill vs. Kessler; and we expressly decide it in McKeathan v Terry. There is then no conflict n?on this ; a mi 1 4 r 1 fn". poini. iiiere 13 uuwuvci iun uiuci- ence between the laws of Georgia as stated in the Georgia base, and the law in North Carolina; a judge ment In North Carolina prior to the code has never been held to be such a lien upon property as to create a rfsred riaht. or vronertu in the plain tiff, or to divest the property out of the defendant, or to invest jn tne officer. The only force o&the lien has been to prevent the debtor from selling it. It requires not only a judgement, but a levy to change the property. Ladd vs. Adams, 66 N. C. 11., 161. Norton vs. McCall, la. 159. The second point decided In Gunn vs Harry Is, that the Georgia home- purpose was to secure necessaries and comforts for onr citizens.. This is not left to inlcft ice, but our laws have themtlv i Jared tbi to he the purpose.- ISv. C,' chap. 45, g. 8. And this L paramount"-' to all debts. - -' T : ' - The Supreme Court of lfiv United States in a late-case; V.r:r Hoffman vs. the city of Qiny. ;i Wal. 5C5f m speaking or 'exemptions which the Str.te raav make, bavf:-'4 Thei execution the necessary im pi emeats 01 agriculture, ine toois 01 a mecnan ic, and articles of necessity in house hold rurniture. It is said regula tions of this description have always oeen considered in every civilized community as property belonging to the remedy, to be exercised by every sovereignty according to its Lincoln and Gen. SAie! L, re going to fight, ,y it Didn't. , - Strango ' JWigh, too murder; of Alansnela n -vvalworth.-by his son recalls tht At:.--,-..' : of Abraham Lin coln's duel. v:i 'hw another of Frank Wal wort hVjlii daughter of John "J. Hardin; ,i saved Mr; Lincoln from the re morse that would-have overshaddvvVtl his life had he killed Gen. Shields.1 Colonel Hardin was a prominent r Whig politician, and 1 was esteen.! ?tbe bra vest man in.;: rilf-iTj ' - ,trou 1-iU.-rl v.?! illiiiutoi ; - . , . v utiiwu 'tig HXv battle of 3'svl .Vista, AndJd his death fairly e.'Hued the dirtiuction which hi 'v2d. firing friers had given hvmwh'iits livingv Mr. -Lin-col n ww hiEdiTiiata friend, and both moji wi p giffed with large sense of hurtf ir, ' u hicti they turned. i" to goodLUU-:v' " -.v fAuxTS v. . ai? Zi w:s own views of policy and humanity, And in a former case, Bronson vs, Kinzie, 1 How. 311, Taney, - C.J. said tho same thing, adding that "It must reside in every State to enable it to secure its citizens from unjust and harassing litigation, and to protect them in those pursuits which are necessary, to the existence and well being or every communi ty." And in Planters iJank vs Sharpe, allow. 301., Mr. Justice Woodberry, in delivering the opin ion of the United States Supreme "Jourt, enumerated exemption laws among the examples' of legislation which might be constitutionally applied to existing contracts.- The purpose of our legislation being to secure its citizens the "necessaries and comforts" of life, and this hav ing been decided to be a legitimate purpose and paramount to all debts, let us see in what condition our people would be if our homestead laws are declared to be void. Our homestead and personal property exemption act repeals all other laws upon the subject. Therefore our debtor class are to be left with out any exemption whatever I Not even a bed or a crust ! ) Nor is there any relief in bankruptcy ; because a large portion of the debtors have not the means to pay the expenses, nor are their debts large enough to bring them under the bankrupt law. And furthermore, the late amend ment of the bankrupt law allows such exemptions to each State as the State law makes; and North Carolina exempts nothing. And then we have it, that ex emption laws, which repeal former and larger exemption laws, and which are therefore better for the creditor, are declared void because they are too large, and impair con- tracts ! And here it is to be considj ered, if necessary, exemptions ar4 constitutional and unnecessary onei nrp Unconstitutional, who i3 to judge Lj Down and Rest. Dr. Hal says the best medicine in the world more efficient than all the potations or tne materia meaica, are warmth, rest, cleanliness and pure air. Some persons ma ire- it a, virtue to brave disease,. fa keep "up" as long as they can, Tove. a foot , or wiggle a. nnger, ana ic somen mes : succeeds ; but in others, the powers of life are thereby so completely exhausted that the system has lost all ability to recuperate, and slow and typhoid iever sets in ana carries tne patient 10 a premature grave, whenever .walking; or .work is an effort, a Warm bed and coot ' room are the very first Jndispensables to a sure and speedy recovery. Instinct leads all beasts and birds to quietudeand rest the very; moment disease or ..... ,..'1 it . . . - v ' " " r, I -nectsary? It would t r . -;L ' "-i --r tyr--" i"-L- Ulh..mrM! . d ody.f, Legislatures -i...v VvPeretofore utile It, and tho Legislu- - stead laws impair the obligations of contracts. We conceded in Hill vs ECessIer, that any law which had that effect was void. We said : " We concede that if this exemption impairs the obligation of contracts, either expressly or by Implication, J i . . . A.. . . I J.1.A it is against uie cousiruciiuu 01 uio United States, and therefore void. We concede also that a contract must be understood with reference to existing laws for its en forcement.'.' And we said, also, that the State cannot abolish or injuri- oursly change the remedy. It is not the decision of the u. b. supreme Court, and our decisions that are in tare of every State in the Union has done it. - And in no single case has a court ever done it. j Tlio nearest a court has ever come to it is in the Georgia case, in which the court says, that where there was an ex emption of $200 worth of land, and it was increased to $2,000, the "magnitude of the increase" was palpable, and made it void. Sup pose this case :-A widow is allowed a jear's support, say $100, and the Legislature alters the law from $100 to $200, would the courts undertake to say that it was unreasonable or unnecessary, and therefore void? If from $100 to $1,000 it would be palpable. Or suppose the same as to a debtor. I suppose the increase would have to be striking and the wan t of necessity palpable. It would be verging on the ridiculous to say that the Supreme Court of the United States, or any other court, better knows the details of what is necessary for the " comfort and support" of the citizens of North Carolina than the Legislature of the State, or that it is a question of law, unless in palpable cases. And it would be inhumanity to say, that because the Legislature repealed one exemption law and substituted another, and a lesser one, therefore theMebtor should not have any exemption at all. ' And this too at a time when, owing to peculiar circumstances, probably one-half of the debtor class are owing moreoW debts than they can pay! Nor is this view irrelevant; because, as I have already shown in the quota tions made from United States Supreme Court decisions, exemp tion laws are based upon " policy and humanity," and they do not impair, but are paramount to debts. If under our circumstances our peo ple are to be left without any ex emptions, the policy of christian civilization is lost sight of, and we might almost as well return to the inhumanity of the Twelve Tables of the Roman law: "If the debtor be insolvent to several creditors, let his body be cut in pieces on the third market day. It may be cut into more or fewer pieces with im punity; or, if his creditors consent to it, let him be sold to foreigners beyond the Tiller." Cooper's Jus tinian, CGo, App. This at least might not involve his wife and children in his suffer- ! ing; and besides, as long as the! creditor chose to keep him in custo dy under the Roman law, he was obliged to allow him a " pound of mealaday." But if our exemptions are declared void, then both the debtor and his family go without even his "pound of meal." The opinion in Hill and Kessler, the leading case in our court, was prepared with care, after much reflection and investigation; the conclusion arrived at was against my former impressions and preju dices, and against ,my pecuniary interest, but I was satisfied then, as I am now, that the decision was right. And it will be upheld as the law in North Carolina, unless and until the Supreme Court of the United States shall decide that the homestead laws of Korth Carolina arevdfd. There is no error affirmed. fl Re ape, J. brought about in this" wttyTAvvrf?V young lady wrote a communication for one of the Springfield papers, in which there were several passages wnicn the ueneral was pleased to consider, .as personally offensive, He was a testy Irishman, who had a great deal of offensive dignity, and could never appreciate a joke at nis own expense, lie forthwith went to the newspaper office and demanded the name of the corres pondent, and this being refused, he gave the editor three days in which to make up his mind, either to re fer him 'to the writer or take a whipping-hlmself. The poor man was greatly distressed. He did not like to "be guilty of the ungallant act of betraying his Iady corres pondent, and he did not care to have a fight with General Shields, who was a much stronger man. In this dilemma he came to Mr. Lin coln and told him of his trouble. The lawyer took the matter into consideration, but he could think of no stratagem for the relief of his friend. At, last he said him: "When Shields comes around with his club, tell him that Abe Lincoln wrote that letter." The editor acted upon the suggestion and when the Irate politician appeared, ready to carry his threat into execution, he was politely requested to call upon Abraham Lincoln for satisfaction, i This put a new face on the mat ter. General Shields knew better than to come fooling about Mr. Lincoln with his cane. He was at that time a great, long-armed, mus cular fellow, good natured, but res olute, and when, the occasion de manded he couldvdeal such blows with his fists as made his antagon ists think that rail-splitting was his (astime.. If he had been attacked y General Shields, and had sup posed that it would add anything to the humor of the fight, he would have bent his assailant over his knee and administered punishment after the manner of conscientious mothers. But, after all his threat ening and bluster, General Shields could not back out without sub jecting himself to the ridicule of his townsmen, so he concluded to cnai- engeMr. Lincoln. The challenge was accepted, but to the great dis may of the challenger, Abraham i'! lon; swords as the weapons. II HI kit' ill iffWltiMlll -tf, luk with hta tremendous riuch of arm and great muscular strength, he would have cut off f Bone Felon. Of ir painful Rings.can there be any so excru ciatingly . cainfuL bs. boe felonT e4owji none inr.c nesn is neiri tV-JvAsKJflJB. malady., is quae, rre .rtiiO" ..-,, -M,."l j---tSJ ,U earnest' consideration, we give last recipe for its cure, which Is given by that high authority, the London Lancet. "As soon as the disease is felt, put directly over the spot a fly blister, about the size of your thumb nail,, arid let it remain for six hours, 1 at the expiration of which time, directly under the sur face of the blister, may be seen the reion, which can instantly be taken out with the point of a; needle or a lancet." The Xcad-llead Instinct.. Professor Lowell say that most men are not without an amiable willingness to assist at any spsetaele or entertainment (loosely so-called) for which no fee is charged at the door. If special tickets are sent us, another element of pleasnrejs added in a- sense or privilege: and pre-. eminence . ipuiaoiv scarce in democracy) so deeply rooted la human nature that I have seen people take a Straiio-H Katisfjief Ion in being near of kin to the mute chief personage in a funeral. It gave them ft tr nient's advantage over tne rest 0143 wnose grief was rated at a lower place in the procession. uut the words " admission free" at the bottom of a handbill, thouirh hofding out no bait of. inequality: have yet a singular charm for many mmas, especially in r the country. There is sometlucg touching in the constancy with which men attend free lectur&svand in the honest pa tience with whih they: listen to thenHa Hp who pays iftay yaw.n or niis lefiny in nis seaior even go jt ct.i nlr4 1 . i f 6 Jv" J ' 1 right td xjOl ahV-or all t: tii iii.d -Recuperative" Power Soutlu Transient advertising ONE dollar per squaroforthe first and viitt czsts for each subsequent Insertion. L.-tMJKJII.I II CT CS of the 1 An Anecdote ot Mncrea-dy. Memphis Apfc.'d.' : oiid er fTBstty uj era ti ve . .... r- - j . . . a- . Fr. There power in toddy ; there i.n elasti city and energy tn our American Simulation which has 110 parallel in uropean communities, and if the south will .rje true.to herself, like France she will emerge from her troubles with renewed strength. It is true 'that the south has been scourged with." fire and sword, have had their .patience still more sorely tried by the want of integrity in officials and by corruption in high places. But after a long and cheer- ess night of misrule, let us unite in indulging the hope that a brighter day, bringing with it peace, happi ness and prosperity to our stricken people, is dawning iipon our belov ed South. To prosper we-must se cure immigration, and build fiieto-9 nes. Let us, if possible, so frame our domestic legislation as to make to the interest of all natives to stay at home and work heartily for One of the very few. anecdotes re lating to tho life of Macrcady, the actor, is (he following printed in tho London Orchestra :l lalf a century ngo, while playing in Birmingham, Lugiand, Macrcady passed a burn ing house in a poor neighborhood. "While (ho smoke and flames as cended," says the narrator, " a try arose that t hero , was a child asleep in one of the upjier stories, but' no one tried to eave it. The represen tative of Voriolanus, Virginius and JtolUi instantly doffed, his coat, which he gave in charge1 to tt by stander, and rushing into the burn ing dwelling returned In a few 1110- ment with the almost suffocated in fant.'... Nobody knew Win, and the event would probably have bt.en , forever concealed had not the holder of the coat disappeared with it. An act so noble succeeded by a theft m disgraceful found its way Into li e Birinlnghamnewspapers?; and whlf-.v tho whole- town 'was ringing with theptaise of the rescuor and valling'- for his name, public execration wit'. iiheum Axis m . Those who are suffering from this distressing com plaint should give the following remedy a lair trial. It is one used by an eminent physician for many years with marked success,, and is now given to the public with the assurance of its effectiveness. We believe that poke-berries are now kept at the drug stores if so. they can be had at any time. Take poke berries two ounces, best gin one pint. Let stand long enough" for the spirits to extract the virtues of the-berry, then for an adult the dose is a tablespoonful three times a day. This simple remedy gener ally effects a complete cure in a,few weeks. Cure fou a Cold. A hot lem onade is one of the best remedies for a cold. It acts promptly and effi ciently, and has no unpleasant after effects. One lemon should be prop erly squeezed, cut in slices, put with sugar, and covered with half a pint of boiling water. Drink just before going to bed, and do not ex pose yourself the following day. This remedy will ward off an attack of chills and fever, if used promptly. Quick Relief foii Buiins.- ply a layer of saturate it with it in position a simple wrapper, appears almost Ap- common salt and laudanum. Hold few hours with a The smarting dis immediately, and the sore gets well with incredible rapidity. To stop Bleeding at the Nose. '-Press the finger firmly upon the little artery that supplies blood to the side of the face affected. Greneral Shield's head before he got himself into position for one of his scientific thrusts. The time and place of meeting were agreed upon. Mr. Lincoln went to the ground early with his second, and, and there being some bushes in the plat selected for the fight, he set to work to clear them away with a hatchet. While he was engaged at this, other gentle men came on the held, and they wev so struck with the ludicrous scene that they could not refrain from laughter. Just then Colonel Hardin appeared, and, appreciating the humorous situation, he appeal ed to both parties not to make fools of themselves with such effect that they went home without fighting. Mr. Lincoln often said afterward that his participation in this affair was the meanest act of his life. Colonel Hardin, although a peace maker of this occasion, was a man of great courage and most chival rous bearing. At the breaking out of the Mexican war he was put in command of the 1st Illinois volun unteers, and died on the battle-field of Buena Vista, as already slated. Andrew Jackson's Speech. A correspondent gives to the Hopkinsville -New Era the follow ing as a speech made by uenerai Jackson, when he was yet a poor backwoods lawyer in Tennessee, and unknown to fame : He was employ ed to prosecute a negro for the mur der of another in a fit of jealousy, and his speech to the jury was the following paragraph : " No more shall the voice of the poor murdered man be heard in the songs of the merry cornnusKings. Jso more shall he pluck the snowy cotton boll. No more shall the forest resound with the echoes of his hunting horn as with his dogs he chased the possum . and the coon. No more shall his nimble feet keep time to the music of the banjo as he patted juba and cut the pigeon wing. That voice once so joyful is now hushed in death. Those limbs once sd agile are now rigid and still. His body now lies upon the blood stained turf, with his-big toe point ing up to the blue arched vault of heaven." The best manner of avenging our selves is by not resembling him who has injured us; and it is hardly possible for one man to be more unlike another than he that forbears to avenge himself of wrong is to him that did the wrong. Jane Porter. Sidney Smith was once dining with a French gentleman, who was indulging, not perhaps, in the best possible .taste, both before and dur ing dinner, in a variety of free thinking speculations, and ended by avowingt himself a materialist. " Very good soup, this," said Mr. Smith. " Qui, Monsieur, & est excel lente." Pray, sir, do you believe in a cook?" " Let us then be op and doing, With a heart for any fate ! Still achieving, still pursuing. Learn to labor and to wait." A muddy stream, flowing into one clear and sparkling, for a time rolls along by itself. A little fur ther down they unite and the whole is impure. So youth, untouched by sin may for a time keep its purity in foul company but a little later and they mingle. The wit of conversation consists more in finding it in others, than in showing a great deal yourself ; the man who goes from your conversa tion pleased with himself and his own wit, is perfectly well pleased with you. La jsruyere. Patiently suffer that from others which thou canst not mend in them until God pleases to do it for thee, and remember that thou mend thy self, since thou art so willing that others should not offend in saying. Isaac Taylor. I have found nothing yet which requires more courage and indepen dence than to rise even a little but decidedly above the par of the re ligiouyrold around us. Dr, J. W. Alexander, right td io atiV"- paid fof it. ' BuC gratuitous hearers are anaesthetized to suuenng by a sense of virtue. They are perform ing perhaps the noblest, as it is one of the most difficult, of :hunian functions in getting something (no matter now small) lor nothing They are not pestered by therwful duty of securing their money's worth. They are wasting time, to do which elegantly and without lassitude is the highest achievement of civilization. If they are cheated it is, at worst, only of a superfluous hour which was rotting on their hands. Not only is mere amuse ment made more piquant, but in struction more palatable, by this universally relished sauce of gratu ity. And if the philosophic observer finds an object of agreeable contem- ilation in the audience, as , they isten to a discourse on the probabil ity of making missionaries go down better with the Fiji Islanders bv balancing the hymn-book -in one pocket with a bottle of Worcester shire in the other, or to a plea for arming the female gorilla with the ballot, he also takes a friendly interest in the lecture, and admires the wise economy of nature who thus contrives an ample field of honest labor for her bores. Even when the insidious hat is passed round after one of these eleemosy nary feats the relish is but height ened by a conscientious refusal to disturb the satisfaction's complete ness with the rattle of a single con tributory penny., Incidents. the redemption of thebouth, and at 1 fliroeti .t,.;:1nst the' mean tide' 1 ' agricultural pweVoeip.? I W;-" ,"r fr suporiorvtd thei aortheruvpeople ; I IK JSl rXU IU VV WVlli a V Mi.l itnui 1 v but as manufacturets weare "mere school boys to bb taught , by theni Let us have manufactories through out the South, as we can have them, and from the mountains to the sea shore, every State will resound with the music of machinery, mak ing her glad when she is sad ; her cities will expand ; her towns will grow ; her sleepy villages will wake up to work; her forests will be leveled; her idle streams will be utilized, and her people, all her people, will be incomputably bene fitted by the grand results. pel having seen an account of the Jin; examined the coat minutely, nd discovered something ta lljj, tfiu ownership,, detained the osses.sii' of the stolen iwoperty ; and thus the; good Samarium stood revealed." From the Natchez Democrat. Io Facto and lefuitcto. 1-uf The Emperor Nicholas of Itus- and Tobacco Smoke. j When I walk the streets, I use the following maxim, viz: that he is the true possessor of a thing who enjoys it, and not that he owns it without the enjoyment of it, to convince myself that I have prop erty in the gay part of all the gilt chariots I meet, which I regard as amusements designed to delight my eyes, and the imagination of those kind people who sit in them gayly attired only to please me. I have a real, and they only an im aginary pleasure in their exterior embellishments. Upon the same principle, I have discovered that am the natural proprietor of all the diamond necklaces, the crosses, stars and embroidered clothes, which J see at a play or birthnight, as giv ing more natural delight to the spectator than to those who use them. And I look on the beaux and ladies as so many paraquets in an aviary, or tulips in a garden, de signed ourelv for my diversion. A gallery of pictures, a cabinet or li brary. that I have free access to, I think my own. In a word, all that I desire is the use of things, let who will have the keeping of them. ! By which maxim, I am grown one of the richest men in Great Britain with this difference, that I am not a prey to my own cares or the envy of others. uerceiey. Shepherd Dogs. We copy from Rev. Z. N. Morrell's interesting book on the early religious history of Texas, entitled, " Flowers and Fruits from the wilderness," (just published by Gould and Lincoln, Boston) the loiiowmg anecdote, il lustrating the faithfulness and val ue of well-trained shepherd dogs as watchers and protectors of large flocks ot sheep. Mr. Morrell says : " We were about sixty-five miles from Gonzales, and within ten miles of San Antonio, when we came upon a large herd of sheep in charge of romasterly shepherd dpv-oue.j now in iromanu toe omer in rear 01 uie flock. The.doe in the fear barked. and rushing towards us in a furious ! repeated to him several times manner caned us to a nair. xne sia. The following anecdote is related by a writer in the Quarterly Re view: The Russian cadets-have a great weakness for smoking, and smoking was held in such abhor rence by Nicholas that any person, whatever his age and rank, was arrested by the police if found smoking in the streets. Alexander, who was exceedingly fond of ciga rettes, hid himself from his father, all his life long, when he wanted to have a smoke. Disregarding all the penalties, however, the cadets managed to smoke in their schools, and in one of them Alexander ar rived one day at a moment when the rooms were full of tobacco smoke. He did not seem to notice, however, what a couple of years be fore would have been regarded as a crime very nearly approaching high treason, and went quietly on with his inspection, when an alarm mm Sit Ait vs was suddenly raised mat me iun- peror had arrived in the school's courtyard. Alexander suddenly turned to the boys who followed him. and said. " ltismells of tobac co here very strong; open quickly the windows ; J will go down stairs and detain the Jmperor for a while." And so he did ; the Em peror noticed nothing and the Grand Duke Alexander became more than ever the idol of the young men, who! an old officers fruL-iroTOAvnose memory tne story seems not to have deptvrted ; at an events, tne writer nas had it A liove Story from the Lunatic Asylum. Asy- Miss While visiting the Lunatic lum on Blackwell's Island Loughlan, a lady in charge of one of the female wards, called attention to a pretty, fair-haired girl about twenty years of age who had not spoken a word since she entered the asvlum over two years and a half ago. Her name is Lora Beekman, and her insanity was caused by dis appointment in love. She was engaged to be married to a young man who, shortly Deiore the ap pointed wedding day, left her and became engaged to another, woman. The keeper and his assistants have resorted to many expedients to make her speak, but her strange silence remains unbroken. With her arms tightly drawn over her breast, she sits on the same stool and listlessly stares at the wall the whole day long, recognizing nobody and seemingly unconscious of the presence of others. The most ro mantic episode in this deranged woman's life is that once a year a young man comes and places a bou quet of flowers in her hands, after which he immediately goes away. The name and residence of the mys terious visitor are unknown. New York Sun. A general fault in conversation, is that of those who affect to talk of themselves. Some without any cere mony, will run over the history of their lives ; will relate the annals of their ' diseases, with the several symptoms and circumstances of them ; win enumerate ine narosnips and injustice they have suffered in court, in parliament, in love, or in law. Others are more dexterous and with great art will lie on the watch to hook in their own praise; they will call a witness to remem ber, they always foretold what would happen in such a case, but none woud believe them ; they ad vised such a man from the beginn- ing, and lOia mm mo consequen ces, but he would have his own way. Others maice a vanity 01 telling their faults ; they are the strangest men in the world ; tney cannot dissemble; they own it as a folly ; they have lost abundance of advantages by it ; but if you would give them the world, they cannot help it; there is someunug m mcix nature that abhors insincerity ana constraint ; with many other in sufferable topics of the same alti tude. Swift. other dog rose and ran about 400 yards to the top of the opposite hill, the whole flock running rapidly af ter him. As soon as the sheep stopj ped, the dog permitted us to pass, and ran rapidly to his station. Ilis fidelity was tested the second timet with the same demonstration. We camped near the place for the night and watched these dogs at sunset bring the herd into the fold. This we were informed they did every day, without any assistance. After breakfast next morning, we went to see the dogs carry the herd away, and inquired into the secret of this wonderful training. The puppies, we were informed, were taken from the mother'before they recognized her, and had been raised by a favor- j ite ewe. They were thus raised i with the sheep, and naturally un- dertook the defense of the flock. I Farmers' Sentiments.. The following 'are .specimens of the inscriptions which appeared upon the banners in a procession of five thousand farmers in Lawrence, Kansas, the other day : " Down with Batiks, and Up with Corn !" " No Quarters to Monopoly !" i "Equal Taxation!" " God Speed the Plough !" " United We Stand, Divided We Fall!" " Live, and Let Live !" " Money Rings, Beware !" " The Ideas of November, '73 !" " Farmers Will Be Free!" "Harmony!" ! " No More Parasites !" "Less Offices, Less Law Less Nice Work by Lightning. One of the nicest little pieces of work ever done by electricity something impossible for human hands to do was accomplished at the residence of Mr. W. W. Brown, on Fifteenth street, near Main, on Wednesday afternoon. On a stand in the parlor stood a toy bureau, a beautiful little piece of cabinet skill, with portions of its corner columns gilded. It was surmounted with a mirror. About a foot from the bu reau lay a photograph of Mr. Brown's son while immediately op posite the picture was a stereoscope. The stand was near an open win dow. Well, the lightning and' a very minute portion of electricity it must have been entered the room, took a part of the gilding from one of the posts of the bureau, as cleanly as could be, and trans ferred it to the picture, fixing it right across the face of the lad, where it remains brighter than when on the bureau. Not a particle of gilt is left on the part of the bu reau thus despoiled of its ornamentation- It would be utterly impos sible for any human art to accom plish' the feat. The lightning played an instant on the face the mirror, leaving dark zig-zag streaks there which will remain visible as long as the glass : is glass ; and this is funny, too, for glass and lightning have nothing to do with each other, as a general rule. Of course Mr. Brown intends preserving these specimens of electrical work. Za venport Gazette. Taxes, and More Justice !" " Industry Will Be Rewarded !" " Farmers to the Front Politi cians to the Rear !" j " Peaceably if We Can! Forcibly if We Must!" I " Reform or Revolution !" "Vox Populi!" i " Passes Up Salt River Free!" " Fraternity, Equality, and Fair Exchange !" ; When.'General Ames was first pointed Provisional Governor Mississippi,. Governor Ben. Hum phreys, who had been recently elected and inrshilled in office, was exercising tho executive functions. Governor Charles Clark, however, .who had been taken, from tho Cap itol a prisoner toJ Fort Pulaski, while trying to exercise the fune- 1 j tions of the office in a way which j. lime and experience have since proved to be tho best way to speedy and successful reconstruction, claim- etl to be the Governor dejure, and used to tell his warm personal friend, Humphreys, as much, when the latter would reply to Clark in n " friendly, "Well, Clark, you nmy ' be Governor dejure, but I'm Gov ernor de facto." After a while came . the appointment of Ames, and in due time the latter, 'with bayonets' at his back, ousted Humphreys ', from the Governor's mansion, ami ' ; himself became Governor de facto. , Some days after Humphreys was pushed out, Clark and llurnphreyd met, when the following conversa tion ensued: - Ilumphreys Well, Clark, how about it now, old fellow? Some- , time ago you claimed to be Gov ernor dejure and I was Governor de facto. Now Ames is Governor de-facto, and if you are Governor de jure, then what am I? , Clark Well, Ben, you're-Gov- ernor de functo Merqury in the System. We want to believe that -ftory from a Peoria paper about Mr. J!tn- ry Bull, but it is hard to irecejt ft -with perfect confidence: Mr, Bull, it la-Rtu'v;, wtu ieu ua c blue pills by the uoctors for num ber of years, so that finally lie be-. 'came absolutely saturated with quicksilver. The other day while he was standing by (ho side of the house, tho sun suddenly came out bright and warm, and Bull ; beg'.in gradually to ascend. He stopped at the line of the sill of the second -story, window, and hung there, sus pended in space, until a thunder storm happened, to come up, which cooled tho atmosphere, and then Mr. Bull slowly descended. Now he has a graduated scale marked on the gable-end of 'his dwelling, and whenever Mrs. Bull wants to know how warm it is she ties flat irons to Henry's legs to hold him down, and walks him round to the gable end and cuts him looseand lets him rise to eighty or ninety degrees ; and when she gets the information she lassoes him with tho clothes line and hauls him down. We say we want to believe this anecdote, it makes us happier to have ierfevt faith, but it is harder than believ ing most lies. An Irish gentleman of a mechani cal turn of mind, took off his gas meter to repair it himself, and put it on again upside down. At the end of the quarter, it was proved with mathematical correctness that the gas company owed him eight dollars and fifty cents. Sharp gives us the true method to be happy: "The chief secret of comfort, lies in not suffering trifles to vex one, and in prudently culti vating an undergrowth of small pleasures, since very few great ones. alas ! are let on long leases." Surely one of the best rules in conversation, is never to say a thing which any 01 the company can rea sonably wish we had rather left un said. Swift. i A Minnesota paper vaunts the rapid increase of its circulation. having " taken in 75 cents cash, and a bushel of potatoes on subscription this week." Conversation must and grow out of materials o" y agree, not upon subje -the passions. Sydne ..';."... ought to ilchmen hlch try 'i. The Poughkeepsie llagle, speak ing of the departure of the Japanese troupe from that place for Newburg, on the Mary Powell, says one of the Japs stuck his head in the pilot house and yelled, "Chinee man helpee Melican man pullee wheel ; winkee chowee chu!" Guernsey Betts, the pilot, dismissed idniond eyes with, "Git 'out a here you copper-colored, wooden shocd rat eater," and blew the steamer's whistle. Chiiig Chang immediate ly went s'eigh-riding down the companion-way to the deck below tearing the basement of his trousers out. l 1 The last idea about fencing is to plant trees for posts, and when they are strong enough, string wires from one to another. The kind of tree is unimportant, but of course, fruit, nut, and maple trees will Ikj more profitable than deciduous, trees. Harper's Bazar says : " Parents are protesting against the custom of keepitfg children after school hours asa punishment for failure in les sons. It certainly must be under stood; in this age of the world, that the physical welfare of a child isas important as the mental progress. Long continued I confinement and protracted mental strains are highly injurious. How is a child who is subjected to extra confinement and extra hours of study in the .' chool room to be prepared for fresh, vigo rous attention to lessons th follow ing day?" J ' A public examination of the pu pils of the Philadelphia "Institute for Colored Youth" has just been held, and -has given honest evi dence of the intellectual capacity of the race. It is said that for intelli gence and accuracy the classes in Latin, natural and mental philoso phy, physiology,, chemistry, his tory, geography, geometry, and trigonometry could not be led by those of any other educational In stitution in Philadelphia. At a recent sale of Leicester shtep from the flocks of Lord Polwarth, an English breeder, one ram brought $800 with one cxeeptiMi the high est price ever paid for a 'Leicester sheep. SI80. The average of the sale was Robbers dress upin women's clothing, in Titusvi'le, Penn., In order to lure verdant young men to unfrequented places, there to re lieve them of their valuables. 1 A progressive city. Girard, Erie county, Penn.,olaims to have a child which weighed but three ounces at its birth, mid seven ounces when three weeks old. Its organs are said to be-perfeot. Somebody suggests that (hero should be a cooking department in our public schools, and that every girl should bo required to know how to make bread, etc. A Mrs. Gray, of Belmont county, Ohio, has been awarded $1,000 dam ages from Mr. Clark, a liquor seller, on account of the death of her bus baifM during intoxication. It is said to be the intention of, the English Admiralty to establish a guard and depot ship at Zanzibar, in furthering the means for the sup pression of the slave trade. In Saginaw, Mich., the study of German is becoming very popular in the public schools. The most advanced class in the high school is now reading and translating Schiller. The St. Paul, Minn., Board of Education has determined to make German a regular branch of instruction in all the schools in that city, to be taught: to all who desire it. " Blind unbelief is sum to err, And scan his works in vain ; God is his own interpreter, And He will make it plain." The man who wrote, " I am sad dest when I sing," was foolish if ho eang much. Mvery planter who fights grws -all the summer, and then buys hay, ought to be fined $100 to be held in trust for his children or next of kin. Thigpen. The whole number of Protestant communicants in tho United States, according to the census of 1S70, Is 6,780,597. , .. ' '. ; ' The total taxabl6 wealth of Mis souri is $507,460,030. Nearly one half belongs to St. Louis Count v. - The reunion of old settlers of ra- IUiriois, Salle county, August 21st. will occur The census shows that there 60,8 1 4 more men than.-women Wisconsin. are There are 3,570 notaries public In the State of Michigan. A
The Era (Raleigh, N.C.)
Standardized title groups preceding, succeeding, and alternate titles together.
July 3, 1873, edition 1
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