Newspapers / The Era (Raleigh, N.C.) / Oct. 9, 1873, edition 1 / Page 1
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.. IP WEEKLY -EBA. run f crlptl- Wkult-One year, in adnuirc, H"00 Six month. - 1 00 Tbre months, 50 THE WEEKLY EiA. 20 00 S5 00 40 (M 45 (,( -60 00 80 0O Jon ruiJtTiJMi: Job Work neatly and promptly executed, of ever style and wo the uiot reasonable term. Onier aoiiciiea rroia ail pert of Ui RALEIGH, NVXC., THIJE SD AY, 6(;TOBEll 9, 1873. so 00:100 00 Hiaie. ColIT BU5KS a specially. vol. in. atrTranslent advertising: owb dollar per ttqnare forth first and fiktt ckntm for each subsequent insertion. NO. 17. Wm. 31. DROWN, - - Maxager i 1 LA ; ; - i-.-i Hi Jli' VI i'-U . . -..I ' ' '." ' ' . 1 V '"' I . . i 4 .; ' , ; , - - . ' . . . do 10 00 1600 1800 3200 . ' -: : :-v---v--,w:.v:''r,v'-V-V . , k Col'n. 12 00 18 00 20 00 35 00 U- . U do 20 00 25 00 80 00 60 00 " ' t .- - . . . EDUCATIONAL. Til K Of ) 1.1 TM R I a X UNIVERSITY. WASHINGTON, I). C. The Preparatory Ieartinent open Henleniher 10. 1 The Columbian College open Korv- 1 he Medical College open October . i-w rtcnooi open October K. .i t cuniiiiiing run par ticular in regard t- term and course inmnifiHD, atlUream jAMKs c. WKLL1XO. LL D.. " tttoctH' l'reident. Ac I'KACK INSTITUTE, Hadclglt, jf. C, 72rr. i. JIURWELZ lrincipal. John It. Uurwett, A. it., Amociate H. J. Nteven, A. M- j Principals Prof. A. ILinmann, Instructor In Vocal and Iiuttrumcntal Music. -j i -reran I emiaenre Sept. 11, 1M3. For circular containing full partiru- larm a to terni. courae of atndr, Ac, addreo Hky. July 2. - R. BUKtVKLL fc SOX, Sin JtJhib. A". L ftateigh Female Seminary, llALKKJH, non;ooi. a. r. A. Ill F. KKUD. A. M., ; - I. VON MKYKIIIIOFF. of Vien na. Mu.-ical lH-partinent. The itii(-ii"i new building with it Improved -iiil apparatu and recent ly nrrhaM-d iiiuhk 1 outfit wiIlojenon Islet September, 173. The Faculty h leeu largely in creased. TIic'Mumc I-utrtmcnt is in charge of lfiif-r Von Meyerhon", a Eupii of KiiU-nsu-iii. The l'rotesor is a rilliant erfrmer, hncce-ded well a U-aalH-r of Vocal and IiiMtruincnal Muid in this State. Apply for catalogue. 4 "ni T AW SCHOOL OF THK COLUM JLi I5IAN I'NIVKltSlTY, ( uhiutluu, It. ' The exercise of thin hrhnol w ill be reutiied tlio Mil of October next, l'rofcnor Tv ukh and Kkx.nkiiy w ill continue rt j--tivrly t direct the stud -ie ol tii- Senior and Junior Ci.c-vx-?. A ptt-i.d nure of Ii-turcs ok the HutU-iiIiM- Kiu-oti liter d by Young Practitioner) .n I -,:.; rroti-ion, and tlm IW-t Mean of Surmounting Them, Will le 1 -hteied by (iloltut; F. Al'PLK BT, K."v., id lite W a-diingtoii l.ir. A Churchyard Iteverie. O'er the churchyard wall hard by Rie op a yew-tree hijfh. Like a cloud apainst the aky Uke a Klooiny cloud it lower On the Minilin Sumtuer bower. And the fair acacia flower. There it fttand in btiadow deep. While the dead beneath it leep. And the mourner come to weep. Sylvan type of earthly change Life and lM-alh in contrast trange Meeting within narrowest rarnje. Here, the acacia' dancing plume. Light-green leaf and milk-white bloom There, the vew'a funereal eloom. Yonder, mouldering headatone grey. Jiere, urignt cmtaren at ineir play Sombre yew acacia pay! Bat alas ! those flower will die, And the Summer sunshine fly. And dark cloud obscure tbeky. Leaf by leaf will flatter down Under A uluuiu' earliest ro n. And the acacia lime it crown. All it branches will stand bare i Shivering in the bitter air And no clhildren will bo there." ' ' tione the jrlad rem and the bloom, tioB the dancing ttutninervpluin And in-tead Jhv WlniKJoir. . Then the yewnhwrCT forth serene , 1 In lta robe of evergreen, SinilinfC on that leatlesM scone ; tjueen-like, lifts its sutely head, Oracious influence to bed O'er the slumbers of the deud; Throws a tender radiance, round Headstone crcy and jrrasHy mound. And make glad the burial rfruuud. Life and beauty btill aro there.V Vh n the garden-bowers are bare Dark acacia yew-tree fair I So when this life' Summer day With its flower, ha passed away. Faith will put on bright array ; Ar.d Keliion, like a tuecn, K ie aloti her head serene Ail her joy are evergreen ! A 1I - ira-lu.ite i-ourMO of one year iii3trii--l--.i in I a 1'rnctii-e hn.i been eLAblili-l in -i.iii"uii with the school, .-n Uj the attendance of all who, having aitaim-d to a thcorciu-Hl knowl edge of the law, may wili to ierfect theuiM.lt in the detail of li-s practice, including oitie work antl method of iudicial pnxrnlurc in all kinds o! court. The nen ix-i of thi tleiartiiient will be o,iuluct-.l bv the HoN. CllAKLE C Nott, A iat Judge of the United State Court of Claim. Price of tickets. for the whole course, Ux-u llOTIILS. . PREITCH'S NEW HOTEL, en. ceiuiasT a at cmsrci sts., Ni:V YOKK, - O.N THE KCROPEAX PLAN. it f r if 1 it u i. ; it i: cii, Son of the laie 0u KiciiAitii )jikncu, of French' Hotel, ha taken thin Hotel, newly tilted up and entirely renovated the Mttoe. CVriy located t the M VJtf.VJiX 1 I It T W te VUjf. lt"UIM ATTACHKP. 1 3nl PlTTSnOUO HOTEL, littloro. Clmthant Co.. f. C IT. II. Itt ItKI' Proprietor. THE OCEAN HOUSE, iii;.vtri-'oiiT, r. c. SA3I. IC STi:i:i:T, Proprietor. rpiIIS IIOI SI: i never cIomx! and JL ha the advantage of lacing always ready for the reception of guvat. I'avtenger land at the Hotel Wharf, j witiiiu a lew u-et u. tiie iluuse. The Table i uppliel with all the dclifHcif of land and ca. Ti e Room are delightfully-vcntilat-eil, airy and pleant. The Scrvan:are well trained, vdite and atU'iitive.v Amvskmk.vm.-A 11 in. 1 of Muic for tlaily e filing Ho; a Hilliard Saloon; I'leaxiire lkit for nailing, visiting the i Kiiri'-bathiiig ground and for fishing; and a llalhmg-Hou.-e wilhiu a few feet of the Hoime. Promenade my be taken along the wide verandah, or on the Promenade ltoof of the Houe. The Proprietor iarea neither atten- i tiou nor expenMO to make the Slav of 1 hi guoht happy and full of deasure ; and no charge i made for ice-water sent to room, or for any trifling extra attention. To Invalid heoffer the very panacea of health. Term moderate. Special arrange ment made wiMi I milieu. Keferatoall who have ever been guests at tneiiccNn House. Tub Nam k. Do not confound the " Ocean " with the " Atlantic " House. IIailroad Fake. TIh following IUte for 1 U-turn Tick et (gtl for the eaon)arc made on the North Carolina Kailroad: Kaleigh to Morehead City arid re turn. $ s 65 Hillsboro to Morehead City and return, 11 10 Greenbrro to ilort liead City and return, 13 so High Point to Morehead City and return, - u 40 Lexington to Morcbcau City and return, la 45 Salisbury to Morehead City and return, 16 50 Charlotte to Morehead City and return. 19 00 Return TW-Veta on the Atlantio and North Carolina Kailroad (good for the eaon) are f Vre Dollars from (ioldttboro to Morehead City, (Beaufort Harbor.) Train leave Uoldsboro daily at 1:30, p. m. 5 3m C. C. WILLARD, EBBITT HOUSE WASHINGTON, I. C. 44 3m - CAKIS. t. ic iuiexi:li, Attorney at L RALEIGH, y. C. v ill practice in the SUte and Federal a W Court. X-flr OFFICE il-ly. near the Court Houie. .1. McC. IKItlCIj. Coiinnelor at Law ami Solicitor for Patents, 13 TfA St., Oj'jxysUe I'. S. J. O. Dept., WASHINGTON, D. C. :o: SPECIAL ATTENTION GIVEN TO contested and abandoned case un der the Patent Laws; to Appeals, Ke iue. Interferences, and Infringe ment ; and to suit at law and equity, growing out of the right and interest of Patentee. fT-CorreHpondence solicited, 14 ly H. C. HA DOER. I1A1GKIC T. P. DKVCRECX. DEVOtEUX, Solicitors in Bankruptcy, Office In Stronach Buildkig, second door North of Yar bo rough Houae, . A ; RAE.CIUII, 51. C, Will attend to all cae of Bankruptcy. Mr. Badger will attend all the terms of the Ditrk-t Court. No extra fc charged lor consultation. May IS, -tf. PAPER Concerning tlit Disscinlnatiftn of t'scl'iil Ittforiiiatioa Anions: the lVople. BY JO. W. 1IUI.UK.V, 1X2. Fifty years a, in the Unitod btittcs, ther were no railways, no sui'ns"on hridices spanning great rivers, no iron-buiklins with lofty ami .sjxu-ious tloiucs, no telegraph lines ; Fulton stcanitMiut was yet a wontler; there were noocean-stetim-er-i, no storni-sijjnals flyinj: in the porls,no Fresnell or electric lights to flash alonsr the midnight coast ; there was no pjMvtroscope, and on ly a faint knowledge of the physi cal nature of the starry firtnanent ; no cables in the depths of the sea; no chemistry, with its manipulated fertilizers, to revivify the land; no mitrailleuse, no nitro-glycerine, no needle-gun ; no mighty daily press, with speedy mail delivery through out the world ; but a vast and varied country, thinly inhabited beyond the Apalachian range, with ex panding institutions, and yet groan ing beneath the burdens of exhaust ed methods of agriculture, inade quate facilities for internal com- j rnerce, weak and dejenclent manu facturing interests, and inefficient, 1!!7!r?r''I-JlJt'h.oat ytema of uuii iiiiruniuii in -wt. States, whose prosperity and free institutions, nevertheless, depended immediately upon the education, the trained integrity and enlighten ed energy of their inhabitants. Since that day the American peo- I pie, through many difficulties, have made unparalleled advances in the arts and industries of life ; and with the multiplication of knowledge. I wealth and dominion, new duties, luxuries and necessities have been developed amongst them. So rap idly has this magnificent panorama of progress passed bt-fore their eyes, that marvels have failed to astound and wonders ceased to captivate. IJut the superiority of their craft has not len at all times maintain ed. For though, twenty years ago, the learned tobden said to the rulers of Great Britain, that he was persuaded, if England wished to hold her own in the racing of the nations, that she must educate her working-ieop!e and raise them to the level of American artisans, yet others have since excelled us in many thing, despoiled our profits and diselled our honors, leaving with us, however, the encouraging examples of past success, with faith and the hoje that every sheaf will yet be taught to make its obeisance unto the youngest of the nations. The degree of education among tho jieople. of any State is the meas ure of iLs.excellence in the arts of peace and war. Thus England rules the uneducated millions of Hindostan. The degree of indus trial education among the classes of a State is the measure of its wealth and material prosierity. Thus England, having become a great financial reservoir among all na tions, control the carrying trade of more than half tho children of men The source of her treasure t.nd do minion is education, and it is surely tho fountain of all worldly power. Upon it depends the true security and value of all property; and there is no species of possession which should be exempt of right from taxation for tho promotion of public instruction. "And it must follow a the night the day, " that this uissera 1 nation or use ful knowledge is the first duty, which every State, from generation to generation, owes to its own un lettered offspring. But what makes a State ? what constitutes its parts and entity ? They are three in one: territory, inhabitants and a government. The whole is a living form, endued with sovereign powers and an In disputable right to its autonomy. We may behold nothing but the outer mechanism, but it is not the shell, it is the invisible forces which have worked from i-s beginning, that have built up its parts and shaped its majestic proportions. Wherever these forces aro most po tent and unfettered, there the re sult of their operations approaches nearest to perfection and we be hold the shadow of Utopia. A land blest with the most fertile trail, cultivated and adorned by a people educa ted to the acme of intellectual development, possessing the freest, cheapest, simplest form of govern model for the citizen, the ruler and the patriot. And as this ideal is is the goal of modern progressive civilization, we know enough to say that it can only be attained, it it is ever approached successfully, through unwearying assiduity in the pursuit and application of knowledge, sustained by the Di vinely purifying spirit cf our Ilohy Religion. The unfolding of the last power is left to the beneficent influences of the Church; the first is confided to the care of the Teach er, the Statesman and' the Philan thropist. " ' ! It may be, therefore, in many sections of our national eommbn- wealth, it may be at home, that both the teacher and the statesman, unmoved by the grand achievements of science around them and dead to the pecessitfoe Trf" in "Jiving--yy inUolemiy'put aside" every sugges tion of reason and conscience for mproved, vigorous, general sys tem of public instruction, rontlly imagining that what they learned n their youth is still sufficient for the mental equipment of the rising generation. Tho thing which they were taught, are still as neces sary in their degree and hour and place, but In no wise so beneficial now as then, where so much has been uncovered to the apprehension of a child that was once dark and Impenetrable totheacutest intellect. Indeed, the long-time blazed and beaten pathway to a professional I life, through the dead languages, theoretical mathematics and his I torical romances, tho mysteries of j rhetoric and the mazes of the law, the memoirs of departed greatness and the exalted strains of poetical fiction, will not alone respond to the multiform necessities of an use ful career at the present time. There is somewhat lacking in all these, which they cannot supply, a want, which provoked that mem orable remark of our "Later Frank lin," the lamented statesman of the Tribune, that our ambitious youth, fresh from venerated seats of learn ing, had yet to receive their first lessons in the practical warfare of life and to lay tho solid foundations of their future usefulness. The aim of industrial education is to supply this want; and it may be said to consist in this: To fit and train the youth of each succeeding generation for the man ual as well the mental toils and burdens, imposed by the surround ing circumstances of their exist ence; to teach tho machinist, the carpenter, the mason and all artifi cers, not only the doing of their labors in the pjotccep.tajble man- ticular mode is deemed the best ; cause, which most disturbed " the J little one, his girl, ihus destined by paternal obliquity to ;the tempta tions, it may be to a life, of poverty and shame. It is indeed tM sacred duty of 4 society, no less than of the parent,' to repair the wronjsr&nd to restore ; the neglected innocent to the joy and privileges of its natural condition. K , . , f 'J. The miniUiaz of indoor life, which fall so exclusively to woman's placidity of ancient society, was the appearance of great men, whose bi ographies remain as the histories of nations, while in modern times; It is the appearance of great Inven tions. : Printing has secured the achievements4 iof the-past beyond peradventure. Gunpowder and military machinery have rendered a second deluge of barbarism ' im possible. Innumerable mechanical sphere, and which are so "productive contrivances have given a decisive of happiness or misery,- need quite preponderance to the industrial ele- j as much attention, in the course of ments of 'society ; and, , in conse- edu cation as the adornment ot.Jthe quence, our material triumphs are parlor or the mysteries of the bou- much more tributary to Inventive j doir. For there is a domestic ecpno- skill than to the teachings of ex ploded philosophies,or the sustained energy ' of personal example, or to any; other purely moral cause. fAnd we tnay. therefore, safely conclude tui 'beyOinIi'"8uch. TficiiurrV merely, a' thorough converse with modern sciences and living tongues, is of an incalculably greater im portance to the youth of this State and of the nation v For a knowl edge of chemistry, zoology, botany, physics, meteorology, agriculture, mechanics, surveying, book-keeping, moral and mental philosophy, and political economy, together with the actual test and application of these studies so far as opportu nity may permit, will teach the future pupil how to plant, to reap and drain, to analyze, to name and classify the fowls of the air, the beasts and herbs and insects of the field, to comply with the unwrit ten laws of nature, and to obey the rules of trade, to reason w ith pre cision, to wield his implements with skill, to draw his edges straight and true, to keep the an cient boundary line with justice. and above all, knowing his own wants and the exigencies of his fel low-man, it will stimulate him to add something to that general sum of useful, labor-saving invention, which is the singular and enduring glory of modern civilization. Moreover, the testimony in favor of the proposed reform in education is overwhelming. Many trials have resulted in this conclusion in France, Germany, Switzerland, Great Britain and the United States. The World's Expositions of Art in New York, in 18o3, in London and Paris. and the one just closed in Vienna, those educators of the nations, have epitomized the proofs of its great value. In Europe, the system, long in vogue, is now well established ; and but one voice from her Scientists is heard, urging its extension and adaptation to every department of handicraft and labor. Time will not permit a statistical is based, but we j my, ;a. science in ( housefceePlng which could doubtless bacishrom the land one-half those his which flesh seems heir to, and lift vear formation ; and viewed in the light of the educatory influences , of the Expositions held in the world's cap itals, it did equally well in its Vecerit, munificent aid ' towards the pro posed International Fair, to be held at Phi ladelphia, in America, in 1876. Still with the aid which has been thus bestowed, we are yet far behind In the arena of the nations, for there are Ies3 than two hundred loosely classified technical, agricul tural, mechanical or business col leges in this country, while the di minutive Duchy of Baden , with the Continental accuracy'of its scholar ship, boasts of fifty; Saxony of seventy-six; and the rest of Ger many,with Switzerland and France, of their more than hundreds, It may tfe thousands. In North Car !ootihat Jiarptian elee; .JcKJ-olina we have but oneat tile rreBnt now uarins su tnivuy uuiwiiiftate thresholds. : , I , rkntici their argument Nor is this the sum of our pations, since woman has, ueady entered, with success ana oiten amidst the most shameful persecu tion, into the domains of medicine, of literature and of art, and accuired a proficiency in some of the special industries, such as school-teaching. telegraphing, stenography, print ing, commercial business in mjmy of its grades, and in other haiidj- crafts, that were once the property of man alone, in all of which sli e is quietly rising to his level. And the day has dawned, says an elcx ent writer, when with well-stored niind and disciplined powers, the irttel lectual woman will move to the front, forever the most fascinafin and preservative element of socie tywhen it will be recognised that the education which strengthens the mind also steadies the will, enlarges the sympathies, and makes the af fections purer and more constant in their devotion to the good and beautiful. This movement for tho higher ed ucation of females is a sequence of the teachings of tho Christian (dis pensation. Paganism and false re ligion have ever remanded woman to a condition of servitude, whence her delivery was made the means of a surer degredation as the priest ess of licentiousness or the victim of unholy lust. The courtesan of Athens, the lletaerae, who were the companions of bards and phj'os phers, says Mr. Leckey, the llisto torian of European morals, was the one free woman of that cultured State, who availed herself of the ex ceptional freedom of her position, to acquire a degree of knowledge, which enabled her to add to W other charms the inimitable pov- er3,of an intent lutejlecuialrgffVL timeT'B'orty years ago thefiflmpb tance was urged, upon the public, and attempts were made to estab lish "them which failed from un fortunate management and because A 1 J . i 1 : 1 f society nau not ueen prepureu lur Iheir introduction. Indeed we must commence with this kind of in struction in our free schools, and thence work upwards. In due time the seed sown broadcast will bear fruit, which will be harvested in the higher grades of Academies and Universities, until the various suns in.our system will pour their dif ferent-colored rays into the bosom of the central orb. sustaining and revivifying its influences. It will not be entirely useless perhaps to complain just here, that the donation made by Congress to this State' for an Agricultural and Mechanical College may probably lapse and fail us entirely. While it can yet be made good, it is our duty to see that it is so secured and retained. But there is even a para mount interest to this, and that is the establishment of public schools with a system of voluntary taxation sufficient to meet all demands for their support. Further aid, if pos sible, from the general government should be secured. For especially does that government owe this debt to tho Southern States, where a new class of citizens have suddenly been legislated into existence without the preparation of an editcation either at home or abroad. Millions of dollars expended in this direction would return in benefits whose value cannot be calculated. And' t is a sound cause for hope, that steps have been already taken in this matter. Yet the strange parsi mony of all legislators on the sub ject may yet lop the proposition of half its mpst substantial rewards, &jahpuldbeprules An thistae. ment, this is, indeed, the highest and to instruct the farmer not only in the use of plow and harrow and hoe, but in the chemical consisten cies of soil and fertilizers, the signs of climates and of seasons, the ways and means of irrigation, the value of improved machineries, the fluc tuation of prices, the adaptability of crops, the qualities and blood of varied stock, and in all the econo mic modes of transportation, un til, ad infinitum, among the various producing classes of the land, our industrial schools, it may be hoped, will becnubled to produce the best man practicable, for home con sumption, from the material sup plied in the market for daily use. True, the old, accepted basis of education, consisting of grammar, geography, history, the English classics, and mathematics, with a discreet embellishment of the airy sciences and chaste, laconic lan guage of the Ancients, will forever remain the same fixed in quality and confined i.i sphere. Nor should tho advantages of those embellish ments be wantonly decried, or the fountains of such information closed. " Unhappy will be the day," exclaims the distinguished Charles Francis Adams, 44 when we shall throw off that dependence or cease to encourage the most inti mate access to those precious stores of intellectual, moral and religious culture, which have thus far con tributed so much to elevate the condition of man. And yet," he concludes, 44 1 am not of those op timists who imagine that nothing remains to be done to secure excel lence in our systems of education. On the contrary, I somewhat ap prehend, that over the whole ex are told that Industrial or Techni cal education adds 50 to 100 per cent, to the economical value of the unit man, that the finish and dura bility of his work is unequaled, his wages profitable, that he is sober, pains-taking and contented with his condition ; that such an educa tion is regarded as the prime ad junct of apprenticeship; and when applied to the decorative arts, will add beauty to the humblest craft ; and that, as thero is no commodity upon tne marKet so intrinsically worthless as toiling ignorance, there is no quality to be so highly esteem ed as skilled, educated, patient in dustry. And Mr. Geo. Muller adds that, since nature, in his opinion, has formed every child to be a me chanic, chemist, artist, shoe-maker, printer, and so on unto the end ; and that as the Germans say, 'every child who can speak, may be taught to sing ; and every child who can write, may learn to draw;" so there is no reason why our first men of science, engineers, archi tects, artists, agriculturists, manu facturers and artificers, should not have their peculiar gifts discovered in boyhood and the 'foundation of their technical training laid before they quit the elementary schools. Therefore, if it be a reality that the peculiar gifts of boys may be thus disclosed, which few will per haps deny, and that they can be trained to the pursuit of those in dustries for which they are by na ture adapted, why should not the same rulq apply to the education of the girls pf this State and Nation? Indeed,, Sidney Smith has truly said that all the objections urged against the better, instruction of females loftiest families frequently aieitd I commercial . suDremaey of . our 1 l&ii to, the, point, 1 hepilowln tent of the land, taken as one sur- j were txceiised, , against the educa face, sciolism is becoming the rule, dncf ignorance multiplies rather than diminishes.11 Whatever degree of fact may have justified this apprehension on the part ofMr. Adams, it is never theless indisputable that he is cor rect in his estimate of the impor tance, both of ancient learning in its place, and the necessity of secu ring excellence in our present sys tems of education. To adapt the language of another, we may say, that among the ancients the human mind was chiefly directed to phi losophical speculations, in which the law seems to have been perpet ual oscillation from creed to creed ; while among the moderns it has tended directly towards physical sciences, in which the law Is per petual progress from facts accom plished to facts in evolution. Nat ural power implied among the for mer, the constant energy of high Intellectual or moral qualities. A great nation bequeathed indeed to Its successors trancendent marks of art and literature, exalted philoso phies, examples . to stimulate the heroism of a people, and warnings to arrest on the path of ruin. But all these acted only through the enthusiasm of the intellect. While in modern times, if we put aside religious influences, the principal causes of superiority are to be found In those inventions, which, when once discovered, cannot fail, and wh'ose effects can never pass away. And hence the corollary, that the tion Of the commonalty Of mert and, although the advance of civili zation has thrown open to the gentle sex of late, the doors of many hon est occupations, which had been closed against them through preju dice and unreasonable customs, those elder enemies of progress which still stand as sentinels before gateways grown rusty with the in justice of a thousand years, yet our girls are as much entitled by the conceded weakness of their 'posi tion, as our boys, to a participation in the benefits of an industrial edu cation. Let us, therefore, briefly glance at their condition here and elsewhere. There are 5,G50,000 illiterate per sons in the United States, 3,035,000 of whom are females, an excess of nearly half a million, and in this State of 15,700, one-thirty-third of the total in thirty-seven States, nine Territories and the District of Columbia, which is a proportion slightly in favor of the women of North-Carolina. But this very small favor is not a cause for boast ing, since, the record remains that there are above, 15,000 more illiterate females than males among us. This injurious fact might well extort the enquiry: what should be said of that society, which thoughtlessly neglects the education-of its inno cents ? Only that which would be uttered against the parent, who, having five children, cherishes the four and rejects the one, leaving it to darkness and suffering and that their ranks to escape the enforced ignorance of a humiliating and se cluded existence In Java, queen of the Suhda isles, that 4 'garden of the world," with fourteen millions of unenlightened natives, the seat of ancient superstition, this custom still obtains, and we are informed by Mr. Seward, in his account of that most honorable journey ever made by an untitled citizen to the courts of the barbaric world, that the ''bayaderes" of the native princes, whose beauty and golden complexions rendered "each one of them a temptation to theservantof God," alone among the female pop ulation are inducted into the arts and graces, and the mysteries of the religion of that luxurious people. In Japan, whose more than three thousand islands are now flooded with the rays of our Western con i ' 1 ... steiiauon, woman neict until re cently the same relative position to man in which we behold her else where in the Orient, but now the doors of thousands of school-houses are to be flung oien to her ' as well as to her former master, and the work of her redemption, which is the freedom of twenty-five millions of human beings, is to be begun un der the auspices of our noble Amer ican system of public instruction for the young. And without violence to history, we may therefore conclude, that the old belief that an increased Educa tion among females led to frivolity and license, or that there are for bidden sources of informatili for her that are proper for the delop ment of man, is but a trace of the lingering spirit of a former 7iliza tion, kept alive among usl oy the pagan traditions of classic literature, which still pervade the atmphere of this century, having wovetheir way like many of the hamiess holy-days and festivals of tie cal endar, into the ritual of thechtrches and into the general superst tions of the populace. But it is a Wining power. Long ago the conductors of Female Seminaries recognized the necessities of the future, and now nearly all of them offer better inducements to parents for the in dustrial training of their children The Moravian College, in this State, be it said to the honor of that ven erable institution, was one of the pioneers in this widening . field. And at length, we may be assured, the system has been firmly estab lished. It has found its permanent fruition in the success pf Vassar College, New York. From thence the glimmering of a steady light has gone forth. Other beacons have flashed back their responses, until now "the word-winged, whis pering wires" have informed us, that, on a recent morning, the breath of this rising gale at last penetrated the quiet depths of the classic groves of. Harvard ana of Yale. ' . (- Government aid upon a larger scale than individual subscription, has been always rightfully required in the establishment of systems of public instruction. Acting upon this responsibility, Congress wisely voted to the States donations, for he erection of Industrial Institutes for the dissemination of useful in. twuir:au6 aTjundantly," l"good measure, shaken down, well-filled and running over." But tne nnai lounciation upon which to build is not the National bounty but domestic taxation up on property and the poll. Thirty years of generous contribution ("Rome was not builded in a day,") by the people of thi3 State, ;con stantlv increasing in the ratio of their common wealth, would secure to the next generation ample facili ties for public instruction, and property must and ought to bear the chief weight of this offering at the shrine of knowledge. For in stance : it is true that there are 'two kinds of education for the children of the poor, to-wit : apprenticeship, and that furnished in the schools. Now every one will concede that a first-class workman, by nature, should have had the advantages of the best schools to develop his mind, to direct his subsequent studies, and to mitigate the hard ships of the tread-mill tramp of his calling. Without this advantage he becomes an inferior artisan, and I insofar a crippled citizen, often dangerous man, who is out of joint with the times, and who in return in flicts upon society the punishment due for its neglect of his early training. Thus the very security of property i3 always threat ened by the avarice of its posses ..a. ors, while its values are uiminisnect by the prevalence of ignorance and the want of taste as well as of sound judgment in its use, arrangement and disposal. To draw a sharper coulrast : it is related of an erudite scholar, that having received a blow suddenly upon the head, he was deprived of his memory and made as complete a full-grown, white-haired, venera ble child as was ever imagined in a poet's dream. He bemoaned his loss among his books,but soon stout Iy set about relearning his alphabet thus hoping to retrace his steps along firmly insist upon this responsibili ty, i A public opinion thus formed and framed and transmitted to pos terity, .would become an enduring basis. for the erection of systems of instruction, which would then be held sacred, next to church and home, in the hearts of the people. Bui as it is noy in North Carolina, itwas not always so, the public schbol-h'ouse is too frequently the shabbiest building for its uses in the whole community save the common , and alas ! the instruction given within its walls too often fails to beajr but poor comparison even with the rude hut, the hard benches and the, winter's cold," which rvex the spirit and degrade the dignity of Learning in a civilized and enhahi- ened State.,: ',.'i '.' Ihere Is Uoyf piiother ixutttejrg mam to the educational question to which it would be. profitable to re fer. With the finest natural facill ties the people of our State, prefer ring an almost exclusive pursuit of agriculture, have never turned their attention" directly towards the es tablishment of manufactories. . Let us trust that the current of labor may be hereafter somewhat diver ted into this channel, and that while the farming interests are still more highly developed, that factories for the manipulation of our own raw material and markets for home pro ductions may be encouraged and established. Tho immediate result of this movement will be the rapid, enlargement of our inland cities, si marvellous growth of our seaport towns, direct communication with the outer nations of the world, and finally the commercial indpen dence of our people. The feari ex pressed by Mr. Jefferson concerning the corrupting, centralizing and revolutionary tendencies of manu facturing communities have been long since dispelled. Education and prosperity having advanced togeth er the dangers anticipated have been averted, and we have beheld the satisfactory solution of this problem n the wealth, happiness and har mony, which characterize the pOpu- atioris of other States. Moreover a backward glance at the command- positions once occupied by the Colonial towns of Norfolk, New Berne, Charleston and Savannah, as the first English ports upon, the Atlantic coast, prior to the sudden and wonderful development tof the manufacturing cities of Isew lork and Philadelphia, and the position of our own State as third in wealth and population among the original Colonies, should teach us, when we contrast our condition with the cation, but an act tn remedy the evil of '.dompusurg ' ignorance. For it is against-1 ignorance we are waging war, and not against one another; audi, upon (hi rem, in medio, the friends of tducation should unite for the sake of so great and noble a cause. .kr v . .'''-(: r : There is one study, that of polit ical economy, to which a passing reference has been made, which should.be no longer neglected in North Carolina, since it will Impart to the young invaluable informa tion for their maturer years In the guidance of their ; business careers. It will teach them that no man or nation can succeed without unre mitting exertion ; and that poverty, jjauperism, epidemics and vice are f tVie result of filth' and, 1oth.' Indo- "lence, Ignorance and a disregard of the? fixed laws of nature herself. And thus they will be taught to un derstand that any industry is safer than none at all, and learn to com prehend the philosphy of a great New York journal, when It said in late Issue, that 4,the murderers of a recent Sunday night were of that loose riff-raff, which is even more dangerous to the public peace than the more avowed enemies of socie ty." That 44 a burglar or a high wayman very rarely cammits a causeless crime. It is those wretches who are untrained to any Indfjstry, not even a vicious industry, andldrift through life the slaves of thejr un checked passions and desires, who render the thorojiigh fares of tho me tropolis and the hamlets of the country unsafe to the wealthy trav eller or the humble pedestrian. Furthermore, it may be safely said, that an early appreciation of this science, will eradicate as noth- ngelsecan do those strikes and com binations of labor against capital, which have so often for causes part- v explaio'ed. threatened the safety of the scial State; and because it will teafh - the next generation of our la Borers ana artisans a cneenui submission to the irrepealable laws of loss and gain, which apply alike to employer and employed, the ad vantages and necessity of co-opera tion and of joint-stock associations, and finally lift the working-man from his level with the cogs and wheels of mechanism into the posi tion of an inventor, a master and a proprietor. The student of this science will also have his attention drawn to the industries of otker nations, and he will appreciate thoroughly in return the necessity of the spread of information concerning their ad vancement in arts among the peo- legacy through all time. Yet one nation has escaped the curse and emerged from the gloom, more glo rious for it indomitable pursuit of popular learning JFcrr, pvenTwhHo the legions of the .'ruthless Corsican were crushing beneath their tread the fabrics of that mediaeval civili zation, which , oppressed Germany rrotn the Alps to the Baltic, the kingdom of Prussia, bowed in debt and misery and ,yet dntent . upon the reclamation of Its. prosperity,, educated the teacher for its present system of .publio instruction, pre parkf the masses for . the reception of Itah mission, and compelled the unwilling, to .receive its benefits,. , , thus laying anew the, foundations. , of a .power which has avenged m our! -own day the wromrs'trmt il4 it would be; well to have this exam- , , pie; recorded upon, our memories, that it might be known thatven in, , defeat the universal education, of our children will pave the way.- to future victory. Alas, that North Carolina should have insanely ! yielded, her little treasures, t . gathered for this cause through many years, to the unnatural demand of the horrible demon of .civil war." And now, behold ! the consequence j of the crime are being dally stamp ed upon the hearts of .her little ones alike the children of tho vol unteer and the conscript, of tliejiv- , ng and of the dead those helpless innocents, than to offend one, of whom it were better that the guilty should have a millstone banged about his neck, and that he were drowned in the depths of the ca." The future legislator of this State should never vote one farthing bf their money, hereafter collected for educational purposes, to any other cause no, not even if a seeming angel from the Heavens should command him to do this Irremedi able wrong to posterity; Else 'con demned to live and rear children iri a Christian community, committed by its evil passion to cruel princi ples, the most savage and thought less known to government, tho hopeless parent in the hour of dis aster, unsustained by tho shadow of a fulfillment of the promises of his holy religion, .would be forced to sigh : , ' " I'd rather ho ' A Pagan, Huckled in a ercod outw orn. So might I, standing on thi jka-ant leu. Have glimp les forlorn ; Have sight of l'roteu sea, Or hear old Triton blow horn!" ' In closing this paper, let' us now take a general glance' at the condi- that wonld inke me rising from tlie Li wreathed xde,fJM..nati ve: JanU. A?. aoad l! -rt-h culture may be a perennial fountafi of virtue, it is not the only basis of national strength, and enable us to gaze with profitable vision upon another of the many deleterious in fluences exerted by ignorance and slavery upon the prosperity of the Southern States. But in order to introduce manu factures on a large scale into North Carolina, we must not only encour age the manufacturer to come, but prepare the way for his reception The steep where Fame's proud temple shine atar." Another cause accidentally restored his powers after a season, and he became stronger than before from the peculiarity, of h is mental struggle against fate. Thus suppose that some unexpected blow should strike from the minds of the people of Great Britain, for example, the results of their education. The hum of their machinery would sob and pause forever. The locomotive would rot and rust on its grass grown track-way. The great ships would crumble in deserted harbors; and the palatial mansions of her merchant princes would become the dens of ignorance and vice; while foul corruption sheds its ghastly mould upon Cathedral, tower and dome, "And Trade's proud empire haste to swift decay, As ocean sweeps Time's labored mole away." Is this picture overdrawn ? Does it not attest the value of National edu cation and the primary responsibil ity upon all property and credits to contribute freely to the dissemina tion of intelligence and the diffusion of useful knowledge throughout the land? It is so surely. And therefore the friends of education should ; and maintenance ; and the chief step towards this end will be the dissemination of useful and scienti fic knowledge among the people, by the adoption of a system of public, industrial education. Whenever this system is begun it will be also necessary to establish schools for the education of teachers, Normal In stitutes, where the person who is to teach may become versed in the art of im narting instruction, in the management of graded schools, in the methods of object-teaching, and in the studies of colors, of music and of drawing, and especially of the latter, since drawing is now known to be the peculiar educator of the eye and the imagination, of the ideas of form and taste, while it enters immediately into nearly all the details of an artisan's daily avocations. However should a plan of public education be put into operation at any time, the question of compul sory education will first arise, crea ting divisions in the ranks of the ciuse, because not a few are oppo sed to this principle and will com bat it to the final end. Yet as in most matters of human debate, there is, no doubt, in this also, a ground of agreement, in medio. Let us see what it is. ' ' ' ' The objector to compulsory edu cation will say that the law-giver has neither a Divine or natural right to authorize an entry of his family circle by force, and to com pel him to educate his children in the public schools, whether he is willing or unwilling to see them educated. The advocate will say that it is the duty of the State to educate its offspring, and that that duty carries the power with it to enforce the education of all children And thus we have the epitome of the two lines of argument. Nevertheless while theorists are contending, it will be found in prac tice that there are few. who are ready to deny children the benefits of public or private instruction. The law-giver must deal with this fact ; and therefore let us enquire, who are those children that are likely to be denied an education, and to be kept in a state of compul sory ignorance? For instance: an apprentice, deprived by fraud of his rights ; the son of a widow, who is re-married to an avaricious man ; or the children of degraded parents, who keep their offspring at hard abor to support them in idleness and vice, thus entailing misery and crime through progressive genera- . . -j tions. Here then is me wrong. Can it be remedied r it so, let it be done in some cheap and simple manner, plain to the people at large, and sure and speedy in Its relier. Nor should this be caTT-d an act for the promotion of con:j-i.:.ory edo- IetterTrom an Engli.-h mechanic will prove both interesting and val uable to the reader at this time. Mr. Hinton says : "That trades may be drawn away, through the want and neg lect of technical training, was shown, somewhat to the chagrin of English manufacturers, by the con tents of the last great Paris indus trial exposition. It was there seen that, in many branches of indsutry in which Englishmen had long been accustomed to consider their country unapproachable, they were equaled if not surpassed, by Ger man, French and Belgian manufac tures, and that in many of tho lighter businesses requiring taste and high skill they were -'nowhere" be side their continental rivals. The change had been wrought within ten years. Naturally, they sought to learn the reason for this state of things and found the chief to be that the French, German and Bel gian governments naa striven, with great sucess, to give to their artisans such a- thorough technical training that the artisans of those countries were able to put their in dividuality into their work; that is, highly-skilled workmen were able to turn out highly-finished work, j so wnen tne Duyers or me worm wanted good articles they purchas ed of Parisian or Brussells firms to the exclusion of our own. This rev olution in trade was discussed at length, and it was determined that. though the workmen of, the past had been able to get along by sheer force of industry for the future their powers must be added to ; that in stead of a few men of an extensive trade being flrst-class, the whole trade must be lifted up to their plane. And," concludes 3Ir. Hin ton, "what was found to be needful in England will prove to be of greater value to America." Who then can gainsay the funda mental importance of such a system of education? For just as fast as the productive processes become more perfect, which competition will inevitably make them do, and just so fast as joint-stock undertak ings spread, which they certainly will, so fast will scientific knowl-. t.do-o o-row to be more and more nwpssarv to everv one. Such is the opinion of Herbert Spencer, Eng land's latest if not her proiounaesi lSvincr rpasoner. and it is well ' worthy our severe consideration, since we know, from the historical past, that but little of that perfuse ' a I1L acauaintance whicn we nave wun the laws of phenomena, ana wnicn has enabled us to subject nature to our needs, and which now-gives to the hind those comforts which kings Of yore could not purchase, can be traced to the present In so many resnects badly appointed methodi for the instruction of American youth. 1 There is one scourge which the cause of education has encountered, which is alike the foe to honest in dustry and the blight of human happiness. War, cruel, rapacious and insatiable, sweeps away the accumulations of one generation, eaving its successor to continue even a more wastingstruggleagainst the recuperated hordes of ignorance and vice. And su?h has been its Carolina. And lest Its precedent should be overlooked, 'your ' atten tion is called to the example of an Industrial School within our bor ders, which has been established by the bounty of the people Of this State, for the instruction of an un fortunate class to be found in every community. It is the institution for the education of the mute and blind, with its school-rooms and work-shops, familiar to our citizens in its admirable operations,and suj ported by the unanimous sympa thies of an enlightened public. When the idea of its establishment was suggested, the customary oppo sition appeared, but time has re moved the last vestige of such a danger from the hearts of our 1 eo ple. And so will it be with tho final succes of this entire industrial system, when every neighborhood shrllhavea school-house with, an instructor competent to prepare our children for a life of practical use fulness. In this cause it is our du ty, therefore, to labor and to wail, and to strive to remove that dis credit which in this respect , has been so plentifully cast upon the workings of the present excellent constitution. It is all there. tho means, machinery and the authori ty to make a successful beginning. It'may not be perfect, but it is enough, and under its execution the - broad foundations of a permanent system of public instruction may be happily laid in North Carolina. Four hundred thousand of her people now walk in the darkness of illiteracy. Of this number, above two hundred thousand are ten years of age and over, with diminishing hopes that many of them will ac quire more than the slenderest ele ments of an education. The re mainder, it may be said, repose in- the innocence of the first decade of adolescence. But Innocence is not Virtue. , It is only an ignorance of vice, which yields to contaminating influences like snow before the breath of the vernal morning. Vir tue is a nobler quality of the mind, that power which has met temp tations and triumphed over them, whose weapons of defence grow stongerand keener with the perils of each conflict. Let us not then become weary in our day and gene ration In this wrestle for the victory with hoary Ignorance, our natural foe and our ancient master. The spirit of the passing and of tho ap proaching century, the example of other nations, the voice of paterni ty and thedutles of citizenship, the words of the written law, the peace and prosperity of the present hour, our hopes and our apprehensions for the future, all command us to re enter the field with a more passion ate ardor and a more continuing en ergy. The Clark spot which now rests on the face of our sun will be thus gradually removed, so that its brilliant disc may yet reflect, un- Obscured, the light of that perfect harmony of law, order and Intelli gence, which has been the dream of poet and philosopher-si neo the ages began their issue from the bo som of eternity. For I doubt not, through the ages, one Increasing purpose runs. And the thoughts of men are widened with the process of tho Suns."
The Era (Raleigh, N.C.)
Standardized title groups preceding, succeeding, and alternate titles together.
Oct. 9, 1873, edition 1
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