;v- V ejJBLISKED (weekly) BYWItLIAlH B0YI;AN.
: p two ioL(.. fi , n
fa. 13,T
RALEIGH, (n. c) THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 22; 1809.
No. 673.
kit half rriy J ":
OF AEMESEMTATir&S,
January SO.
7.v.
jfohoJas maved t fill the blank iix the
(' . . fine! I" 1 ino Mr
L named the foufclh day of March ; and
p. R. Williams named the fifteenth day
Randolph moved to siriKe out jne worcis
diV of - " for the purpose of
lne ivorAw'Mation to strike out
a t COIISIUC io.iii. niaj.iiiy . x -
fl'jtstion recurring oh fillingjhe blank
'.i.- Grt ( aVuOt June. v
RamlolphVas-the gentleman, the mo
f the resolution Mr. Nicholas) was not
ntifhcn "e nac' S,vcn tne "reasons why
shouM be removed immediately repeat-
tdvantage Irom an early repeal. ''.Or
e. he asked, hy a singular fatality in
irmeasurei,bnly toinjurieourselVe,, and,
:,t our advarsanes afid the most dishopest
fMr own community, ;
Dana wai opposed td i continuance of
'mfiire'o t'H tne first f June. ' Since it
u jj" generally . understood througlTthe
rr.that the emharo was to be further
U2(l,- rhany capitalists had forestalled, the
ets "so as lo secure to thernselves a mo'
of the foreign articles of the greatest
sity. thereby to command an excessive
'. P.I ! . . ' ' I . ' P
at the expence oi inc oisiresseu pan oi
,mm unity. As respected them Mr.- Da-
d that he had not a wish that the dura.
th; embargo should ht; protracted, that
migM realize their 2tins and make poor
iheir prey ; and if there were ay d
ion ot our.ciuzens wnom nc couia wisn
injured by a removal ' of the embargo,
would certainly be the persons. There
hnothtf reason wh he did Jl'6t wish the;
reo to continue so long. However im
in it was that thf general au thority of the
nment should be maintained as TespeCt
le state's, was it bt known that the, rtiHs
krnrhenr, frm their extreme teiVsion. l
!mliiig in the hands of the administrati-
W'tTe not thtiratfts placed at "defiance,
ally since the passage of the last act for
ing tfie f mtargo ? JLook at the whole
lem frontier, said he ; recolle'cf the faci-
hransDortation on the Ice and sn6w
led with w 5i at facility in this season the J
ice, atui lumber, 5cc . will pass 1 torn V tr-
mto the Bruish -province As respect
whole of . thatFpjptieri Mr. Dana said,
lid be in vain to itteinpt to enforce the
Jrgo laws. The fiiitfnd was already bro .
own which retained oi.r produce ;: and it
o tc fuared that the whole woud soon
Maway. The ques'ion, -which now
& i'.'seff to tlie'consideration of the House
his and it was. requisite that it should be
led promptly-wherher, if the acts of gov-.
till were set at defiance, the authority of
'jTerrrnieni snouio. oe susiaweq or nou
acts of the government were placed at
lice, he said.r Congress had but to" decide
UT to-enforce them byarmsi or to aho-.
fem. p'd vthef meah lo hesitate be-.
dvancing and retiring t If you mean
ire, (said he) do it whilst you can
'it will, seen to be an,attenti6h to the
s and sufferings of the community, in-
w giving to tnose wno set your laws at
cethe signal of your defeat and the evi
of their triumph. Mr. Dana asked, if
Mn.en had estimated what -would take
hit ween this day and the firs', day of
Did they conceive the ; force tftat it
tje necessary to employ to enforce Ae
Before thev tlccided that point it weufd
CU to pause.T Did centltmen recollect
pacn aantrer menaced the sentiment of
t'Wcat to thtir country, when foreign in
ilTfc.- 7- '' .l .1. i r-
nb me iiDcnyiOi traoinij oenvea
the cohtiguity of the British provinces)
" w iherciiiiens ot any pdruon oi a
which refiSes to allow them those pri4
V NeedlrMind gentlemen, asked Mr. J
circumstance ill uslralive of mv ide", i
P lM navigation . of thd JVliSsisSippi was:
w''iimanq ot thpaniardsf Oeiore tne
f San LorenZQsWas Carried into effect.
cct the upport unity which that state ot
'Save to the agents of. the SDanish eov-
cnU for making' atteiinpts to detach ihe
'aies tromjhe Union. ' How far thty 1
dei I do not ifridertake t- sav : but the
sell known, that-some! men of consTder-
'Fmction were So far drawn aside from
Ftthment to tfic Union as to give
"Jiaiica t( the iriTri 0-ni unA Vhf firf
me to light, the public authority'of
'"estates; 'fKentuckvV have undertaken
xpmation..aiid investigation of the sub-
t ion onhe;1emptatioti which ia o!-
any ef the people, havfrrg an!
'"rougu uie riv;r m the possessiwa o.
ra foreign' power, which Jisjdehie'd; them , by
their own government. I will riot pursue the
subject, sir ; for it is unpJcafiaht to dwell on
subjects which rhay even tend to jeopafdizC
the Union. But deem it useless tq rely on
the paftioiisw of tfie peoplei' when the gov
ernment ; forgets the cemetit 'of patriotismV
What' is cbuatry ? That portion of the globe
where e bave friendsv freedom and. ptec-',
tipny r It is the reciprocation of.good offices,';
which is the cement of privte filendship. I t
islhe retiproca.'ion of proiect-ionand support,
between the government nd individual, a re
ciprocation orinefits, vvhich is the cement
of allegiance; Butsh', "when the1 power of
the government is exerted merely to check
the ordinary industry of the community, when J
the people' teel the power of their government
in being blockaded inport by it Instead of be-
mg protected againn blockade by an enemy,
Ayhatmust be the:r feeling ?- Patriotism is too
precious a feeling to make many experiments
upon it. Really, sir, I should not wish to know
in relation to many of my -fetjow cititens,
what would be the extreme poWrto" which
their patriotism could be stretched. Tliere
' appears to be reason to: apprehend .that the
reins of government are already failing in the
hands of government. I should therefore wish
my countrymen to be no longer exposed to
heing alienated from their government, and
thavthe government shouldn&t be placed in a
situation taTiave- its acts set at defiance.
- 'Mr.'Troup observed, that he could not see
the propriety or expediency of fixing on a day
beyond the adjournment of the present Con
gress; on Vhfch this change of measures,
should tukerplace. What would be ttie eil'cct
of it ? it could be pons'-dei ed in no other point
of view thcMi as h, declaration of war to be
bmdigon1th'eiiext (ngress. The mere do
clarat ion could not be considered as additig
coercion to our measure ; far whatever honor
foreign nations night possess (and he believ
ed they possessed liule indeed of that) they
certainly did possess courage, and wtie not to
be frightened into an accommodation with us
"bvsu"chirjfeatT-3BurthTaOT
L o&ligatorjr and binding on-the next Congers,
even admitting that it should be composed ot
th identical individuals who composed the
present, Congress. There waa tio authority
in.tbie'cwsiitution by which we could bind
them, inkss indeed this declaration involvet!
a matter or contract Arid to be suree'viaidt
it might be Considered in some sort a matter
of contract;' a political contract of a singular
qualuya contrai i between tins great govern
ment, and an unruly faction" in New-England,
' whicn tfireaieped opposition to the laws, and.
was breaking bat into' jrebell'ion. Yes, sfr,
said MrFrouf), you come out with a solemn
riiear-ure,' and tell them if they will fovbear to
rebel till the first day of June fieitf you; will
agree to issue letters of marque. It js an in
vasion "vsnbf the powers of the next Con
gress, supposing it to be. composed of, the
same mn as constitute the present Congress
to bind thenuto declare war, noW under the
circumstances theft existing, but "tinder those '
which existed at tne nine you were pieaseu to
eiher into this declaration.1 But not only will
this measure not be obligatory but it is Very
possible that the next Cortgress im)' be as
different in its composition from the present,
as the pf esenVCongress -Is froni Mie Junto of
"Spain, or the British arlbrnenii In evwy
point of view, therefore, Mr. Trcup said he
conceived it a futile proposiuot:' r.
Mr. Milnor was opposed to postponing the
repeal of tbe emlraigatlll the hik day of
JUnu for vhich he assigned the same rea
sons which he gave before for proposing the 1
founh'dav of March. If it was so extremely'
oppressive as: to exefte cliscohtent arid VebeH'iH
. ' , . , .. I.-. T ....1... UfT.f, A ntiri 1
on, its. extremely ,umavuriuic cuc y .,-f"
selves . 'would' be a'fficient- reason Jot its ri
peal. Mr. M. sukI, thatlihough he "Would
fix a dav for the repeal of -the tmbargo, he
could not carry bis, civility to the belligerents
so far as to give taem nouce on wiwi wy t
would commence, war against. them. t. Were
WllTsuch a situation thVt we could instantly
bid defiance to Great-Britain ? When war
comes, said he, it will be proper tc Consider
:rj
causes whicl had been assigned. :;Vhen the
late intelligence had reached him from the
noh-ieajt, be saicLit had borne a '.character
roost' distressful to every .man who. valued the
integrity of the government; v It appeared to,
him to be of such a character; as riot lo leave a
doubt as to .what course should be pursued.
There could be but two courses to pursue, ei
ther to extend he stroilg arm of the govern
ment, r to abandon the law. Under that im
pressiondaid Mr. W.) chusipgnot to enforce
the law with tlys bayonet, 1 thought it proper
to 'acknowledge tot the House' that I was ready
to jalahdon the emlavgo- 1 did talk about in-'
surgency ahd'rebeliion, too, sir ; and the re
proof which I received frtfrn thel gentleman
tVonl Kentucky (Mr. Rowan) c was correct ;
that the bestwvvay to drive people into rebellion
s to accuse them ot it., ret haps, sir, 1 ought
vi ujujuitt IU lilt JCUHt luaii iUlII , Y II 1111 j
(Mr;Nicho!ts) for calling up this" "subjects
when the r olution was proposed : by Lbini," and
he was'not d,isoscd to call It up. T 'apphed
to him lo call it uj , and tuiderstorid that it
would be disagreeaCle to him pif account ofbis
indisposition; But I felt myself obliged to call
it up, and not to permit such a proposition to
lie oh the tatle beyond the moment when I
coUlcJget to act on it. Like the gentlemen
from'Pennsylvania and Georgia, I am disposed
that ' we should act for ourselves and not for
tlie n'cxt Congress. f To me, sir, the embai'go
alyaysjaipeared a "blessing to this country. -31
Tiuc", it hasalways operated to prevent us
from making money, but that was' all that
was injurious in its operation ; "and, sir, I was
so much of a foo , had s6 little knowledge of
human nature ias to bcljeve that there was pa
triotism ehough,7ot;ir country enough, p, idk
enough in ihe nation, io.induc its freemen
to be willing o abstain from making money,
for the good of the nation. - t have been eijrV
giouly mistaken, sir, I thought 1 was legisla
ting for h itmen who valued their rights ; that
whilst they were the only people in the world
trusted witblarms to defend tlie'mselvcs, they
would have scorned to take moey for the
prostitution ofheir-couhtry. I tlidrrot thinkJ-whok4isewille-foHt-IHs tnTet,hatit
whether it be politic , proper and necessary ?
If it bepolitic and the nation Cannot continue
out -of it -without a saennce ol us honor, then
let us have it, and not take jt in this manneri
dedaring to the belligerents that if they do
not come forward on a certain, day; yre; will
commence hostilities against ' them. Tlie
mext Congress will be better able to decide'
rthat ilUprop0 on Ahe first day of, June
than" we ean now do ; and Kf we are rwt in
stantly to go to war,,' it will bedecorous, wise
and right in iis to let the question rest till the
next Congress oTne here in the end of May,
and leave the responsibility with them.
Mr. D. K. Williams said if ever a man'A
mind ..was emarrsvd on ''a ic on which he
had to legislate, ,heio:if-sssd that his f '
Me saw a measure arid a ; system wh;ch he;
thottghrstisceptible ot the clearest demonstra
lion to he' more warlike than, war itself, a sys
Um whiclt preserved thre nation, in prace and
happiness, ut to be abandoned, and for the
therejtyas a man in the nation who would act
the part-of a pimp lo his mother. t hasbeen
so, however ;aiid dreadful, cruel must be the
torments of those who have be:h accessory to
it. ' ; . .
Mr. Williams here went at abnsidei'able
length iuto an examination of the arguments
of rMr. Pitkin en' Saturday last in reply toa
former. speech of Mr. W. on the subject of;
the embargo. - ,
We have but smajl ohoice of courses to pur
sue, s5id; Mr. W'illiavns. , One course is . to
admit foreign vesstls into our ports so long as
tjfiib embargo continues, fcow, though I do
believe that we should be perfectly jt r.tifiaMe
in enforcing the eriibargo and suffering foreign
vessels to come and take away owr produce,
as a punishment to a certain cltiss of men in
the 'country f6r their (reasonable conduct
yet, sir, legislating foi a Whole nation, not for
any particular class, Hear not consent tothfct..
Another course is th.at recommended by a ,
gentleman from New-Yoik, (Mr. Gardenier)
to go back and undo all you have done. Will
you tiead back your steps and go back with
him to Jay's 'treatf ?: I have! no. hesitation in
saving that if wefwere even placet' in the si
tuation in which we then, were, j jyould noH
accept oi it. i ne treaty carried a icauire in i
it which ought to have da'mned it atthe fi st ,
view.- It took property from ;ofte portion ot
the community to pay for ad vantages , to the
other.. ' Yes, sir, it didA'cu know t!iat ...HOA,
lemn .Ipulatlon Wa4 made irt a treaty of.peace
to pay us. for the property they hatl Stolen from
us ; ami you and the House know it was treat
ed away to secure commercial advantages ;
and yet," thank God, the southern state's did
no rise in rebellion against it.
! We must select either a continuance of the
embargo or war, ir. If ever there were a
jiumber Of men in this woi td Who had the des
tinies of-a haGon in their . grasp, the opposw
tionists to the embargo have that high power.
-Therc-cannof be a doubt, If excitement had
jou arejio ionger a nation vou dare not call
yourself so you are the merest vassals con
ceivable. Sir, if gentlemen swill not support
us in a war, and 1 give fair notice that if we
take off the embargo I anifoe war-i-they ranst'''
oupjuri.ji, or vney wiit sinn tne ciiar.uter oi
the nation. If they wUl support neither war
or embargo, if they destroy the effecbf Ixrth,
Task yoti, sir,' does vox the prostitution of the
character of ,,the' country lie at 'thew doors ?
If they mean submission, -lill thank, tjieni
to say so.f t It spme.hpwoT'other happens that
repgblicans are thought to! be friendly to
""ce, and;Tcdra1ists to" Crtl'Britaift ,
believe nt ither . imputation to be correct ioihe
extent to wMch it is carried. ' BuMt is fi fact ?
. j K o t llnt;u ...... ...i . ... .
u,v unujiicji ujitii to mat side oi tne
question sooner than to us. Ndw sir.-1
vm.u ujc mmoniy, wno noia the .destinies 1
of the nation in their" grasp, for they can en
force the embargo without the bayonet.V-I beg 7
them, if they will not declare warlbat;thcy -will
do the best they carJor their citnintr. : If
avaricevas so Seized on our hesirt, Is to take
away wholly the love o? country, (and assured-
ly it has if we submit) for God's sake. let me
estreat gentlemen to make thebest terms tbey
can for usr4.to secure the kind protection (of '
the British government for us i6 procure us
the miserable boon that the tax, on us may be
collected here without compelling us to go to
Britain to pay it. Sir, the blood which runs
through my veins, tells tfie J was not born to
be a British Buljject ; it tells- me that the op- '
pobition to us must have sucked the same hi ilk
that we are Oi the same family. Then Jet
us with one heart .and hard take hold of Avar.
juu, says tne gentleman trom Connecticut,
(Mr. '1 allmadge) what will yon gain by; it ? It
is not money, sir, I want. ... Yaujose money
1y a war ; but you gain your rights j you gain
the chrfnee of dying honorably in your coun
try's 'dett nee instead of submitting, w ithout re
sistance, and that will be a consolation to thou
sands, if their Country is to be disgraced. Ys, -
sir, soiemn as me reuoction is, it we take olf
the embargo I am fori WAR, and Xhope the1
brings along with it miseries without onmbtr.
You will see fear, despair, and all the family "
of "distresses, driving Vtithlessly over the counv
try. ttut it will be infiiiitely less of suffering
4o die in defence of the country than to live in
bondage. I will 'iot submit. I will plunge
into the gulf, and I liope every mrn. will fotiow;
me, when we have' lost our mantle of peace
the embargo. . ". .
Mr. D,:na tliought it proper, if gentlemen
tMked of dying fik. their cotintty. that they
sliould die usefully for really the meredyingf
Cou.il be ot no service whatever, to the cttun-T
try. .He said, he was not disposed at this time
to, go into a discussion of tht embargo subject .
generally, but he woild state one general po
sition, via. that the existing nlicy is a novelty
jn the history of. Iiuman socitty. From the
earliest; period of'time, Mr. Dana said-, there
we-e no proofyi 'fiatJLhe - system ever.did or ev-V)
e." .could produce the evtnti which gendcineni '
I pi opht'sitd. When then this was an utter no-
. veity on eartn, when gen . kmen proposed ;;
course never known to savage or civilized life,
were they not bound specifically to state facts v
inccntestible in support of ' it I Am what
(said "Vr. Dana) have they done ? Avowod a
general broad -political faith . and wholesale,
predictions, that it wilj produce an effect, in
defiance of all experience. ,Vnd ani' i bound
to say, when gentlemen tnme forward thus,
that the . plan will succeed? The thing is a '
gainst. you, sir., Ko ardor of patriotism, in-
jrepidityol, courage or .excess of devotion
couid mkeit tffvCttial, He said, that, the
contest was so unequal in the qaiure of Jhitigsi"
trfiat the U. S. could riot succeed: In it. No ?
thing but superhuman aid couldjwake it suc-J!!
ceed.-r-When gentlemen came to examine.in
to facts, rt would be found that they omitted
to examine the bearing of the thing in gene
ral or i"h detail.. When iac any officer of the
f'government, or any member tf either house.
or Congress, undertaken to give a view ol lh
relative tlependence of the countries of the
not been made, or ; if aftTrTtas . madeif had
been allayed by those who. exdted Jt and,
sir,"! have ho wish how to excite alisairree-
able sensation jn the breast of any man ; for
. I have said fepotlch on this head heretofore
if they woufd ftow-attempt to allay, tne fervor "shut. to us, by the embargo; Even sav that
world upon each other. As far asxomroerce
is essential to, the existcne of Giet Britain,
(said M r. D.) even now she' has the" whole
world be fore her; As" far tas commerce ises
sential tV our existence,' jthe who'e world is
instead of increasing it, that ft would be put
down ; and if put do:v there cannot be. a '
I doubt but we should be preserve d in peace,
and gain stipulations 'Of peace honoiible to
our country. For G d'$ sake, leu me cohjure
gentlemen not to forget that we have a coun
try, i If they repeal the embargo, they must
support war, becouse their character-jiyes,
sir,, their Character as men loving their coun
try is at! Stake." "Will you drive us to a repeal
of the embargo, and rmke no resistance ? Are
you ready. to sit down quietly. under the impo-
sitions laid upon you f . Yoa . have driven us
from the embargo.""7 .The excitements in the
east reruler it necessury that We should enforce
the embargo with the bayonet o1Jept:al.i . J
will repeal ii -and I could vrttp overirtnore
than over a lost child. If rou do not resist,
tJritain loses oue-fourth of he r revenue, we lose
the whole of ours. They lose a . part, tmt a !
moderate part, indeed of their .commerce,
whilst Vje )osc tjif-whble. The embargo can-rr
not succeed fit the haiure of things, and I am,
not astoiushed that yotitlo not find it on anjr
of jthe diplomatic xorrespohdence, stated as al
rneasure of coercion because 'it would be no
easy matter td prove"it to be . so. What are
f you to operate on foreign governments by this
measure ? Famine and insurrection are to' be -
your chosen trtops, your auxiliaries to over- i
turn their systeius. You assml them bv f.i--!
mine, which isto call up insurrection. Thia
is, I think, the 4anguage of the advocates of
the emlargo. And can I wonder thVt it rer
.ver spoken of in our official diplomr?v: cbvres- :r
nondence, &s measure of liuuui I Me,
4