North Carolina Newspapers

WILLIAM A. GRAHAM If E RECORD OF HIS LONG and varied public SERVICES. THE TOWN OF HILLSBORO IN 76. . I Though Gov. Grohain Was a Native or Lincoln County, He Located and Practiced Law in Orange—Filled Every Important Office Within the Gift of the People ot North Carolina Except that ot Judge-Hon. Wont ford WcGeheeN Tribute to Gov. Graham. Written for Sunday News and Observer. Washington, D. C., April 3, 1895. There is no lack of materials for mak ing a sketch of the career of William A. Graham. The record of his varied pub lie services would alone suffice for this purpose, if a resort to official documents, , State and National, were necessary. Hut Montford McGehee, Esq.,now so recently passed away, in his memorial oration, delivered before the bench and bar ot the Supremo Court, in the hall of the House of Representatives, in Raleigh, Juuo 8, 1*76, has anticipated me in this labor, and left me little to do in the way of research. His account of the “*Jfe and Character" of Mr. Graham, though styled an oration, might with more pro priety be entitled a book, and deserves preservation in book form. It comprises eighty large octavo pages, which might well be expanded into one hundred and sixty, of smaller dimensions, and bound in a neat volume. In addition to this elaborate paper of Mr.McGehee, I find much pertinent mat ter in the valuable work of Mrs. Spencer, entitled the “Last ninety days of the War;” as well as in an address delivered by the late Senator Vance at the Whi f e Sulphur Springs, in West Virginia, be fore the Southern Historical Society. I have also had occasion to refer to the “Congressional Globe," of the time when Mr. Graham was a member of the Sen ate. . It was the fortune of Mr. Graham to fill every important office within the gift of the people of North Carolina ex oept that of Judge, and this he could have h“ve bad without asking for it, it his services had not always been elsewhere required. He was repeatedly elected to tjie State Legislature by the town of Hillsborough and the county of Orange, which became his permanent abode, after he arrived at man’s estate. He was a native of Lincoln county; but after graduating at Chapel II 11,' he read law with Judge Ruffin, at Hillsborough, and decided to locate at that place as a caudidtte for legal practice. The odds were greatly against him; but he was probably attracted by the array of splen did legal talent that then clustered around that, ancient borough. For there were among resident lawyers, ex-Judge of the Superior Court, Thomas Ruffin after wards eminent the world over, as a jurist; Archibald D. Murphy, an ac complished scholar and writer; Willie P. Mangum, destined to adorn a high place in the history of the cation, as Senator and presiding officer of that body; Francis L. Hawkes, distinguished at the bar before he became more distinguished as a pulpit orator, and historian; and there was Frederick Nash, a sound law yer, who, like Ruffin, rose to the Supreme Bench of the State. Among the regular attendants upon the Orange Superior Courts. from adjacent counties, were George E Badger and William H. Hay wood, of Raleigh, and Bartlett Yancey, of Caswell, who had a distinguished career in the State and national councils It was against such competition that Mr. Graham fought his way to eminence, and to success as a practitioner at the bar. The wonder is that so many emi nent men could have found renumera tive employment in that sparsely peopled agricultural community. Mr. Graham’s first important case was prepared and argued with so much -dearness and ability as to call forth the compliment from Mr. Hay wood, the able Raleigh advocate, that Gaston could have done it no better.” To the close of his life, he never failed to command a large share of professional business; and his name was generally to be found on one side or the other, of every important case that orig iaated in the county; while he held a fair share of practice in the courts of contiguous counties, which he attended, and in the Supreme Court. Until the Constitution of the State was amended by the Convention of 1835, the little town of Hillsborough was entitled to representation in the House of Com mons. This borough representation was given in 1776; and it may have been a part of the Colonial custom, which our forefathers inherited from England. The old town of Hillsborough had less than seven hundred inhabitants in 1890; But in 1776 it was a place of relative im portanee in the State, where the Legis lature sometimes met, and where some leading men resided. Mr Graham was the last Representative which Hillsbor ough had the honor of sending to the House of Commons. He was elected in 1833, in 1834, and again in 1835. Dur ing his first term he put David L. Swain in nomination for the office of Governor. It will be remembered that the Governor was then chosen by the Legislature. His friend was the choice of that body. During the session he took a leading part in the decision of two important ques tions. As chairman of a special com mittee, he reported against the applica tion of subjects of France, praying that they might hold and transfer real estate in the Stata. There was an im plied prohibition of this privilege in the constitution, however, in a clause of that instrument which gave to the Legislature authority to grant it to for eigners who had taken the oath of alle giance, as a first step in the process of natur&lizat ion. Mr. Graham was chairman of another special committee, upon the question •whether a person holding an office of profit or trust under the State govern ment could, during his term, hold a like office under the government of the Uni ted States. The esse should doubtless have been staged the other way, viz: Whether’a person holding an office under the government of the United States could, at the same time, hold one under State authority. The reverse proposi tion, as I find it stated, is for the United States authorities to decide, and. as it regards a seat in Congress, it has been decided more than once; and notably in a case coming from Illinois. The constitution ot that State declared that no person j holding the office of Judge under the constitution of the State was eligible to the United States Senate. Lyman Trumbull, Chief Justice, or a Judge of the Supreme Court, was elected by the Legislature to the United States Senate. He was a Republican, and the Senate at the time was largely Democratic. et it was decided that he was clearly enti tied to the seat, on the ground that the States in their constitutions or otherwise, , can add no qualifying conditions to J those prescribed in she constitution of j the United States. The Convention, in remodelling the Constitution, as is known, stripped the boroughs of their separate representa tion in the Legislature. Possibly the example set by England, in 1832, in abolishing what they called “Rotten borough representation” had something to do with bringing about the change in North Carolina. But Mr. Graham’s popularity was not confined to Hills borough, and in 1838 he was elected by the people of Orange to represent them in the House of Commons, of which body he was chosen Speaker. He again rep resented the county in 1840, and was again made Speaker, in which responsi ble position he acquired great skill, and acquitted himself with distinction. The State and National elections of 1840 were disastrous to the Democracy. Gen. Win Henry Harrison was elected President, in opposition to Mr. \an Buren. North Carolina voted for the successful candidate, and the Legisla ture was largely Whig. The two l uited States Senators were Messrs. Bedford Brown and Robert Strange, both Demo crats Mr. Brown’s term would expire March, 1841, and Mr. Strange's March 4th, 1843. These gentlemen were de cidedly opposed to the Whig policy in regard to a National Bank and a Protective Tariff The Whig Legislature instructed them on these questions and after some hesitation they resigned The instructions were not explicit, in calling for a compliance with the wishes of the Legislature, bu: were expressed in the form of a request. The “Right of In struction” was a Democratic doctrine, but was never accepted as obligatory by the Whigs. The two Senators were at first disposed to disregard the Legisla tive request, on the ground that it was not mandatory; but what the resolutions lacked of the imperative mood was more than made up for by the Whig Press aud public speakers; and the result was that thfi Democratic Senators resigned. The Whigs were thus furnished with the opportunity of putting two members of their own views in the Senate at one time: and strange to say, both of them were taken from Orange county. Such an honor has rarely, if ever, 'fallen upon one county, unless it may have been in Delaware or Rhode Island where population is centered in two or three counties The first place, for the long term, would naturally go to Judge Mangum, whose distinguished services, and national reputation seemed to command it; but that Mr Graham, of the same county, should have obtained the other place, in competition with so many eminent men, and older men which the Wing party contained at the time, was a marked tribute to the rising young stateman of Orange. The honor thus bestowned on him, under the cir cumstances, bespeaks the confidence be had inspired in the Legislature, and throughout the State, by the admirable judgment and temper he had exhibited as presiding officer of the Commons, as well as by his recognized talents. In the United Stares Senate Mr. Gra ham, though one of the younger mem bers, and though elected to fill an unex pired term of two years duration, took a leading part in the proceedings of that tody. He was appointed on the com mittee of claims and it became his duty to make frequent reports from it. He was frequently called to take the chair in place of his friend, Senator Mangum, who was President pro tempore , after the death of General Harrison, and the accession of Mr. Tyler to the Presidency. His experience as Speaker of the House of Commons had familiarized him with the application of parliamentary rules, and peculiarly fitted him for the perform ance of that responsible duty. I find but one speech revised by him, and reported in the Congressional Globe. That speech was a vindication of a clause in the pending bill for the appor tionment of Representatives among the States. The clause in question, which was strongly opposed in some quarters, provided tor a division of the States into districts of equal population, in place of a practice which had prevailed, of elect ing Congressmen by what was called the general ticket system, in which every citizen of a State voted for every mem her to which the State was entitled The effect of this practice was completely to deprive minorities ot' representation. New York, for instance, with its thirty four members, might be so equally di vided in political feeling as to give the whole delegation to a majority of one, and that, one may have been fraudulently cast. The minority may have resided in one-half the territory of the State, hav ing interests different from thoso of the other half; and whether this geographi cai separation existed or not, it was suf ficieut that the people differed among themselves, and it was a flagrant injustice thus practically to disfranchise the mi nority, when it might be avoided. Mr Graham's argument was able and conclusive, and called forth a high com pliment from Chancellor Kent, whose commentaries, like those of Blackstone, have a world wide reputation. Mr Gra ham spoke at length upon the loan bills of which only a brief sketch is given in the Congressional Globe. The National Intelligencer of the day may have given a fuller report; but I have not examined it. The speech, however, comma- ded attention, and added to the reputation of its author Mr. Graham was elected to the office of Governor of North Caro lina in 1844, in competition with the Democratic candidate, Michael Hoke, Esq., a gentleman of talents, and character, who commanded the con fidence and cordial support of his party. The News atid Observer, Sunday, April 1 4, 1895. They debated the issues between the parties, before the people, in every part of the State, with marked ability. It was, during the Presidential year, in which Mr. Clay was the candidate; of the Whigs, and Mr. Polk, his successful ri val, was the nominee of the Democracy. The great national issue of that cam paign was the annexation of Texas. Mr. Clay had taken the ground, that this country could not annex Texas consis tently with our treaty with Mexico, without first obtaining the consent of that power; and that immediate annexa tion would be followed by war. Mr. Polk on the other hand, was nominated, in opposition to Mr. Vanßuren, who was the favorite of a majority of the nominat ing convention, because the Southern delegates demanded an emphatic policy of immediate annexation. The tariff and National bank questions were also prominent in this campaign; and the Whigs of North Carolina, although enthusiastic supporters of Mr. Clay, were never ardent friends of these fa- i vorite policies of his. Mr. Graham, when in the Senate, had said, “Reduce the expenditures to the lowest point con sistent with an efficient public service.” “Levy such duties as are necessary for an economical administration of the Government, anil no more.” There is not a word about “protection to domes tic manufactures,” in these propositions; and they fell short of Mr. Clay’s policy. But Mr. Clay carried the State, and Mr. Graham was elected Governor. Mr. McGehee says of his administra tion, as outlined in his Inaugural Ad dress: “Some of the noblest institutions of our State had i*ractically their incep tion in the recommendations of that In augural—as the Asylum for the insane, and the Asylum for the Deaf and Dumb. Here, too, practically dates the origin of that great measure of scientific pro gross—the Geological Survey, by which North Carolina stands so enviably dis tinguished among her sister States im mediately around her.* He gives just prominence in this address to the Com mon School system which then had been just introduced. The University, which always commanded the entire homage of his heart, has its due place here. ' Mr.McGehee enumerates other impor tant measures which originated during Mr. Graham’s two terms as Governor, for he was re-elected in 1846. He was the worthy successor in that office of Governor Morehead, who had done much to promote the cause of Internal Im provement. But 1 must suspend the matter until next week. Daniel R. Goodi/ie. TO WRITE THEIR HISTORY. Histories of the North Carolina Regi ments iu the Confederate Service. At the last meeting of the Confederate Veterans’ association a resolution was passed requesting Judge Walter Clark to procure the best man in each of the North Carolina regiments in the civil war to write a history of the regiment •in which he served. It was contempla ted that the sketch of each regiment, averaging, say, ten pages or more, would make a volume of 750 to 1,000 pages. Written by the pens of the men whose swords had made that history it will be an enduriDg and authentic monument to the generation who sacrificed themselves for their State in the great Civil War. Judge Avery. Gen. Hoke and Col. Wharton J. Green were appointed a com mittee to memorialize the Legislature to print the volume. After consultation, as far as possible, with the survivors of each regiment, the following historians for the respective regiments have accepted and are at work. Many of these excellent sketches have already been completed and sent him The following is the list of historians which will be read with interest. The survivors of each regiment are requested to furnish any data they may ha7e to the historian of their regiment below named. j ORGANIZATION. HISTORIANS. Medical staff Dr PE Hines Chaplain service Rev A D Batts Engineer service Capt C B Denson Adjutant General office <la.j A Cordon Quartermaster department ... Commissary department Conscripts bureau Junior &Sen. Re’s N C Col J W Hinsdale Navyof North Carolina. ... Blockade running from Wilmington. Jas Sprunt. Steamer Advance ..Capt James Maglenn “Bethel” regiment C«pt E .1 lisle Ist regiment Col II a Brown ad “ ...Gen W RCox 3d “ Col W L De Ross t 4th “ Col E A Osborne sth “ Lt C M Bus bee and Maj (Judge; Jas C M icßae. | 6th “ - Capt Neill W Ray I 7th “ Maj J S Harris i gth “ . (Gov; Thus J Jarvis j 9th ” (Ist cav’ry) Gen Rutes Barringer :10th “ (,st artil’j) LtCol W J Sounders I lith “ Col W J Martin Ith “ ...Lt (Judge) W A Montgomery Ith ” Col E B Witheis 14th “ Col (Judge) R T Bennett i 15th “ Col W F Breen 17th “ Capt Wilson C Lamb I )Bth “ Lt Thos H Sutton 19th ” ..(2d evalary) Maj W A Graham ; 20th “ Gen Thos F Toon : 2l»t “ Gen W W Kirkland I 22d “ Maj Graham Dav*s 23d “ Capt H Clay Wall I 24th “ Capt E A l’horne 25th “ CCpt G S Ferguson 26th “ Surgeon Geo C Underwood j 27th “ Capt Jas A Graham | 28. h “ Gen Jas H Lane 29th “ Gen R B Vance I 30th “ Col F M Parker | 31st “ --ColJ V Jordan i 32d “ Lt Henry A London 33d “ Maj J A Weston | 34th “ ( apt Thos D Lattimore ! 35th “ Capt WHs Burgwyn ! 36th “ (2d artillery) Col Win Limb i 38th “ Col Geo W Flowers | 39th “ Adjt Theo F Davidson I 40th “ Capt T C Davis 43d “ ...Col Thos S Kenan 44th “ Maj C M Sted nan ! 45th “ 1 yrus B Wats ,n 46th “ Capt O W Carr 47 h “ Capt John H Thor e i 48tU “ - Capt WH H Lawhon 49th “ - Adjt (Judge) Thos R Roulhac j 50th “ Capt J C Ellington | 51st “ Maj A A McKeithan I 52d “ - Capt J H Robinson i 53d “ Col Jas T Morehead :55th “ Capt CM Cooke I 56th “ Maj John W Graham 57th “ - - Co' Ham C Jones 59th “ (4th cavalry) Cape R B Gaddy :60th “ Capt Thos W P ttton | 6ist “ Capt N A Ramsay 62d “ Col G M Clayton 63d “ (sthcav’ry)Col *ohn MGalloway 64th “ Capt Melvin E Carter 1 65th “ (61 h cavalry) Capt M V Moore 66th “ Adjt Geo M Rose ; 67th “ Cot RW Wh rton j 69th “ (Thomas’ Legion) Major W W String field. 70th “ (Ist Junior Reserves) Col T<’ Broad foot. 71st “ Capt Thos L Lea ] 72d ” (3d Junior Lt Fab If Bti.sl>ee 75th “ (7th cavalry) Lt W K Parker j Ist battalion Cot R W Wharton j , 2d h'-.rr .. Col Wharton J Giren sth “ . ..Lt (Judge) Thos (’ Fuller 6th * Adjt M P Taylor 1 Bth “ Capt Woodbury Wheeler I ( Ist artillery Lt T A McNeill Taomas’ Cavalry, battalion, Maj W W Stringtteld. 1 Avery’s Battalion, Major (Judge) A C Avery. Each of the above has accepted the “assignment to duty” and has either written the sketch of his regiment or will have it ready by July Ist. It is a splendid list of soldiers and writers, the best possible, now after the gaps made by the thirty years since the war. One of (he writers (Gen. Barringer) has died since filling this last duty to his com rades. Five other generals are in the list as historians of their former regiments. Two of the regiments 73d and! 74 th were senior Reserves and naturally no survivor of them has been found who could write the sketches of those regiments. Neither has any historian yet been found to I write the sketches of the following gal lant regiments, though great efforts have been made, i. e., 16th, 37th, 4Ut, (3rd oav ); 42nd, 54th, 68th, 71st, (2nd Ju- j nior Reserves); and following Battallions -34, Ith, 7th, 9th and 10th. lt would be a subject of regret if the j volume shall appear with those regi ments omitted. Any survivors of those commands who may see this will do well to write to Judge Walter Clark, Raleigh, N. C., suggesting a suitable man to write the history of his regiment. You Don’t Have to Swear Off, says the St. Louis Journal of Agrieul | ture in an editorial about No-To-Bac the famous tobacco habit cure. “We know of many eases cured by No-To-Bac, one, a prominent St. Ixmis architect, smoked aud chewed for twenty years; two boxes I cured him so that even the smell of to i baceo makes him sick.” No-To- Bac sold j and guaranteed by John Y. Macßae. No cure no pay. Book free. Sterling Remedy Co., New York or Chicago. Notice of Seizure and Libel. Circuit! ’ourt of the United States. Eastern District of North Carolina. No KM Libel. At Raleigh. United States against 2 copper stills, caps and worms, 8 fermenting tubs, pipes and entire distilling outfit, nd 22 pick < ges of corn whisaey, Nos. 20, 22, 38, 39, 40, : 41, 45, 46 47, 48, 52, 53, 54,16, 71 72, 73, 77. 78, 79, 80, 6S RL<i one other package not numbered, claimed by A. W. Jones. To A. W. Jones and to all whom it may concern—Gree ing: Notice is hereby given, That the above mentioned property was seized bv J. A Thomas, Deputy Collector of 1 • ternal Revenue for the Fourth C llection District of North Carolina, on the 7th day of De cember, 1894, as forfeited to the uses of the United Stares, for violation of the Inter nal Revenue Laws, and the same is libelled and prosecuted in the Circuit Court of the United States for condemnation for the causes in the said libel of information set forth: and that the said causes will stand I for trinl at the court room of stid court, in the city of Raleigh, on the fourth Monday of May next, if that be a jurisdiction day, aud if not, at the next cay of jurisdicti n i thereafter, when and where you and all persons are warned to appear to show cause why condemnation s-nould cot be de j creed, and judgment accordingly entered herein, and to interven- for their interest, G ven under my hand at office in Ral eigh, this, 12th day ot April, 1885. O. J. CARROLL, U. S. Marshal. 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It is we who have brought the suits up to that level of superior excellence that overshadows the toiliDg of the merchant tailor. We are persistent plodders, progressors, sole successors to our own past successes. Our “made" clothes have long been on a par with the best that could be made. At last they are better—excelsior ! Bette r because the styles are the latest, the variety ten times the greatest, because the fabrics are the finest, the trimmings the richest, the fit the truest, the prices the lowest. Certainly the crown of excellence rests easy on our hands. S. & D. Berwanger. P^WlVtSl / VVc Offer a Pemeilv Which, Used as \ \ Directed, Insures Safety to Life 7 w of Mother and Chifi. # CMOTHERS’ FRIEND'S S Robe confinement of ita Pain, Horror and / X Hlait, U many Umtify X / “My wife used only two bottled. She ( \ waa easily and quicldy relieved; Is now » J doing splendidly, J C J. S Morton, Harlow, NO. 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These are The Crossroads We all encounter, and these are the place* where most of us go astray. Blessed Is the man who chooses the proper path at the** various junction*. “Luck" may hav* b**n his guide, and his less fortunate neighbor* •re prone to say so, but Investigation and experience teach that the only reliable helps at these difficult points are—knowledge and work. Knowledge is a burden to no one. Like the air you breathe, your knowledge proves its existence—not by apparent weight and color, but by its effect. How often have you found the Information you acquired by casuai observation or study to be of great specific advantage in a crisis whose possibility you had not dreamed of when you acquired that knowledge. Then, If knowledge is to be your guide In the ' Pathway es Life Is it not worth your while to secure the greatest, the best source of human knowledge extant, when that s tree Is, by American enterprise, placed within your reach? In the Encyclopaedia Britannica the child will find matter to interest his little mind, and give him food for thought along the line of his natural bent; the youth will find life stories and professional and mechanical information to enable him to wisely choose his life work, and the adult will have his mind broadened ; his Intellect quickened, and his Information extended to such a degree by it that he will be enabled to take advantage of opportunities that he otherwise would not see. Thus it is a guideboard for all. The Encyclopedia Britannica Is th* wisdom of the world concentrated. It should be in every Htome. Our subscriber* ' can secure this work at a specially low introductory price, and on the very easy Installments of Ten Cents a Day. For sample pages address — THE OBSERVER CHARLOTTE. N. C COLLEGE BOYS WILL FIND OUIt SPRING STOCK Especi lly attractive l>oth in styles, fabrics and prices. We were ne erbrtterpre pared before to cater to their wan fa, OUR STOCK IS NEW, Styles Correct, Prices Low. Suits mad to order a specialty HOME DRIED -AND— EVAPORATED FRUIT. Old-fashion N. C. dried apples and peeled peaches. California evaporated peaches, pears, apricots and nectarines. | California Dried Grapes New York State gallon can apples, j better than green apples for cooking, and very cheap. J.R. Ferrall&Co. GROCERS Summer School of Medicine, University of Virginia. J. W. Mallet. M. D , Chemistry; W. E. McConville, M D., Physiology: W G. ; Christian M. D., Anatomy: W. W Luck, i Histology: W. A Lambeth, M. I) , Materia ! Medica. Opens July Ist; cio*-esAugust 31, J 1895. A school for beginners and for those ' desiring to review the fundamental branches of medicine. For full particulars I address the Secretary. Dr. W A. Lambeth, | University Station. Charlottesville. Va. Sealed Bids. N. C. Institution for thk Deaf and Dumb and thk Blind. Stk ward’s < >fv rc*. RALBIfIH, N. C , April 12, 1895. Sealed bids will be received at the office of the Steward of the N. C. Institution for ! the Deaf and Dumb and the Bi nd until ] 12 m , *»onday. May 6th. for supplying the ! said institution with 150 short tons (2000 pounds) of steam heating coal, to be placed under the chape ; 120 ions of the | same delivered at the laundry and 55 tons j of hard coal at the kitchen. At the Colored Institution. 100 ton i of steam heating coal, to be put aw yin coal shed, and 40 tons of hard coal Bidders will state the name of the mine from which their coal is sold. J. G. B GRIMES, Steward. Medical Society of the State of North Carolina. The 4 —O') annual meeting of the above society will be held in G ddsboro, N. C., May 14tli, 15th and 16th, 18! 5. Reduced rates wIL be offered bv all the railroads in the State and by the local > otels. All regula- physicians of State in good standing are invited to be present and be come members, if not already members Indications point to an excellent pro gramme lrom both a business anl social standpoint Ample accommodations. JOHN H TUCKER, M I). Pres, Henderson, N C. R D. JEWETT. M. D , Sec , Wilmington, N C.