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2 AN ELOQUENT ADDRESS [concluded from first page] the valor of their arms and had extend ed its territory under their guiding hands. jjßy a strange historic paradox the causes of their weakness became as well the 'causes of their strength. The dangers and antagonisms of a militant labor system made them masterful in action and persuasive in speech. Bar onial life, with its leisure and inherited overlordship, made them as simple as shepherds and its proud as kings. In the placid air of their enlighten ed mediaeval ism lingered the brave old ideals of courage and beauty and gracious dignity Th re was but one overs adowing Southern qu s ion then, and this "for its treat ment did not so mu ;h need univer sal thrift and the spirit of gain and growth, as it did character, principles, oneness of purpose and ehivalrie codes of conduct. Hence all the forces of the time concentrated on these lines, and there arose an assertive, sensitive, daunt less race of men esteeming life less than honor and loyalty more than gold, who wrought with a sad, titanic sincerity for their doomed cause, withholding noth ing. compromising nothing until the mighty straggle wore to its sublime and pathetic close a ! Appomattox. The great war, in the mystery of his ' toric forces, freed the white man, rolled away his burden and enrolled the South in competition with the great industrial democracies of the world. Its problem?, no longer direct and primitive, are their problems intensified by the painful pro cesses of social tram formation. The old individualism has given place to combi nation and capitalism, servile labor to the labor of the free black and witn this the best products are to be raised, the best goods manufactured and the bed routes to market devised. Oar first work is-to possess the land and subdue it. The law of the passage of society from the patriarchal to the economic stage necessitates the higher organism, the subtler brain, the more cunning hand Hence, like a belated army, the South is seeking to conquer a place in materia! civilization; its dreamers be come captains of industry- arid its doc trinaires lords of trade. We sha’l lose an element of charm and picturesque ness, but we shall gain tne wealth and proiue ive energy Our largest work is the wise and just guidance of the irrepressible instinct of Democracy restrained for generations now asserting itself in the upheaval of the plain people—the third estate—who are everywhere coming to the front, de manding their share in government and challenging the authority of the ruling class. Our untrained men are learning to govern by . governing pedagogi c-ally and historically, a wise process, for that sorely is better than to be governed and remain ignorant. Th9 situation is not without great hopeful ness. The rank and file of this popular uprising are the be3t material in the world for the making of educated citi zenship. The civil war revealed their value to the word and constituted their University. Its marches and dangers opened their eyes and gave them their outlook on life They and their sons, the younger element in the movement, are men of unmixsd English and Bcoteh-Irish blood, inheritors of the Anglo-Saxon consciousness, descendants of men who sacrificed peace and life for principle in three wars, keen witted it untrained, their very excesses the resul of boundless faith in the majesty of their government. The tasks awaitiDg ad justment by these men, sure to attain and hold power in the end, are enough to appall the wisest statesmen and the profound est social scientists—the remodelling of constitutions, the settlement of grave questions of suffrage and property, the reconciliation of classes, and greatest of all the problem of the two races The sentimentalists and partizans of the reconstruction period fancied that they had settled the question which had disturbed the dreams of Jefferson, which bad exed and affrighted the nation al conscience through all its history and which had just evoked the mightiest moral energies of the century. But their solution was no solution. It was solemn opera bouffe. The problem had just begun and remains the transcendent sociological problem of the age. Rant will not dispose of it, nor ignorant gush, nor race prejudice, nor the philosophy of the sentimental and the remote; but it must work itself out on Southern soil by the wisdom of Southern men of both races. It must pass into the region of scientific study and investigation. The Southern scholar must make it his prov ince in the still air of the University; the statesman and publicist must pon der it and the eapita’ist may well reckon with it amid bis gold. What manner of men, then, does the Booth reed in its coming life? Perhaps iu the past we set too much store by wise leaders and neglected to provide for wise followers. If so, the irony of fate is sporting with us, for now in the threatening danger of these great questions we are practically lead erless. The old type of leader soft ened by fortitude and idealized by woe, has passed away, canonized by love and letters. The voluntary and occult forces of the time are seeking diligently to fashion the new. Now and then we seem to get a glimpse of oar leader -as when Henry Grady, with h s golden tongue and free spacious spirit, uprose upon the South a radiant pro phesy of its future manhood, but it is only a glimpse. The mere industrial man will not answer our need though there are lands to be tilled and factories to be built, and the madness of exalting empty political pre-eminence above the science that will dignify labor and pro cure food can never again curse our life. The mere orator or politician or scholar will not do. {'here must be a complex of all these -tne man of free spirit and constructive habit -the man of insight and f flVedveno.-*, of utility and beauty, of icii/ua il contemplation. He shall, aoove all, have both and sympathy with the blundering masses and shall be en dowed with that patient wisdom which can await the unfamng rectitude of public im pulse and can keep its faith tbiough u :- promising days. Like Fichte around the King’s Council board or Luther to the Burgomasters of Germany he shall plead unceasingly for education in the colleges and schools, in the press aud in the pub lie library. If our laws and institutions a'e not to become the crude experiments of the ig norant. or the bold devices of the cor rupt, if the South is to outgrow years of economic misconception, if the teachers in our schools are to be true teachers, educated men rather than party cbief tainsor untrained place-seekers,they must lead our civilization. The potential of trained mind must constitute the test of true leadership in the South hereafter The popular contempt for higher educa tion and the popular pride iu the self made man is always widespread and strong among untrained people. The feeling is a sort of ret ribution upon scholarship and educated power for its cowardice and selfishness, but it is none the less defiance of common sense. The edu cated man may not always be in p'ac j , but he is sooner or later in power. The higher education is the dynamic clement in the life of the community, invigorating the scho Is of the people, bravely strug gling to elevate the common standard of living, supplying the State with its teachers in the school room, the press, the pulpit, the family. Out of the universities of the world have come its creative movements and men—religious freedom iu the old world and civil liberty in the new. Modern Ger many is the child of her universities and relies m'-re firmly for her permanent power upon them and their 28,000 stu dents than upon her invincihle soldiery. Blot out the inflieuces of Harvard and Yale and the colleges of the Alantic seaboard, and what art can estimate the loss in moral elevation, practical power or national character. The great Colurn biau Fair, with its splendor and beauty, will fade away as a dream, but its neighbor, the University, will shape western life for unnumbered generations. Wherever tyranny has sought to oppress the weak or ignorance to rule the wise, wherever the borders of light have needed to be enlarged, or ancient and prosperous shapes of wrong to be cleansed from the land, the gray walls of the University have yielded up its spiritual batallions—stroug in the steadfast, pur pose and cnltivated,brain—discoverers of thought, conservators of truth, stimula tors of mind, sowers of seed that will bear fruit in a fairer time. The feeling is instinctive that men of this stamp and quality must serve a state in epochs of downfall and trial. The South has not failed in this feeling as its brave efforts to estab lish and maintain schools and colleges for both races quite eloquently show, bat the needs of Southern society are so great, her young men seeking training are so countless, the work of all the col leges is such a fraction of what is left to be done, the disheartening rivalries and bickerings among the colleges themselves are such distressing proofs of the need of higher education that it has seemed b2st for me to leave the questions of technique and ad mir.ist ration to wiser men aud, even in this presence, to plead for the thing itself. We are not all of one mind as to how the great need shall be supplied. There are those who insist that this vital thing is not a concern of the States whose highest functions they declare are sym bolize 1 by the policeman’s club or the law’s penalty. And, then, there are the prosperous communities, with amassed wealth aud settled material skill who say to us that we must wait upon the impulses of philanthropy or the activities o the church for our educational foun dations. But the nature of the State is at variance with the limitation of its power; to civic regulation and the in stinct of civic self preservation decides against trusting wholly to individual generosity or ecclesiastical agencies for an universal social necessity. The Sta f e is not the government alone—it is the will of the people expressing itself in beneficent institutions as well as in penal or protective codes. The protective function of a State, indeed, may disap pear as reason advances, but the loftier educational function will increase as so cial relations grow in complexity. From the standpoint of right, there is no power to which the State can dele gate its duty and power to educate, for there is no higher power than the State. If there is a higher power in the State than the State then that power is the State. From the standpoint of political c >mmon sense, the agent of social salva tion should be at least as potent as the extent of social peril. Our social peril is superlative involving education or mi gration or revolution. The most potent conceivable agent is the State which is concerned about, and surely is responsi ble for its own life. Therefore, it is the all powerful State that must maintain itself against vital danger. If it be con ceded that the youth of a Commonwealth have the same right to be educated that they have to be free, then it must also be conceded that the State is responsible for and alone has the power to guarantee the granting of this sacred right. To those who concede the State’s right and duty to educate in the primary education and dmy it in the higher, it may be answer ed that an argument for any education is an argument for all education. If the State has a right to educate at all it like wise has the right to determine the ex tent and character of that education. All knowledge is comparative, the higher ed ucation of one age becoming the lower of the next and there can be no dead line in learning at which knowledge ceases to be good and becomes useless. The three “Rs” are indispensable. But mere reading is not reading with profit, and the one is as indispensable as the other. Higher education simply means more ed ucation, better education, completer ed ucation for a completer life It is not a cult for the few, uor a caste for the wealthy, nor a college for the exclusive. It is the training ground for the people, and is the essence of democracy iu its purposes and results. In my own State of North Carolina up to the civil war there was a widespread feeling that the ruling class was confined to a few families of ability and wealth. In tho early days of the century it was true, aud necessarily true, for the influ ential and wealthy classes alone could command the advantages of education, and education finally rules. The enlight ened policy of the modern State, knowing no class aud knowing that those who most need help aro least able to help them The News and Observe**. Saturdav. Oct. 26, selves, cheapens the cost of this priceless thing and offers it to the aspiring of all ranks, who feel within them the promptings of power and yearn for the h’gher life of useful action. As a re sult of this leveliug process, introducing the higher test of fitness and ability side by side in the various fields of en deavor and in the high places, sit men of all rauks aid all degrees of wealth advancing the life of the State. Let me not be understood in pleading for the higher education as underrati g the lower, for there is no essential die tinct’on be ween the two. The State cannot be interested in one and not in the other, for they are one and mdivisi ble. A system of education all univer ties and no primary schools would be a crime as a system all primary schools and no universities would be a farce. It is simply a question of sequence. The educative impulse is from above downward and not from below upward and the two impulses rein fore and enrich each other. In the old Southern life in every ham let and community were to be found men an women of the rarest culture, but all around, gtviDg color and tone to the whole, moved the untaught throng. The supremest need of the new life is the lessening of this inequality by tho pres ence, in large numbers in all elements of the population, of men and women of thoughtful, independent mind, of trained consciences and habi ; s aud hands, who can bring things to pass. This can only issue out of the higher education re acting upon the lower, lifting the whole to a higher common level. The permanent forces in this process are first and foremost the State Univer si tics and colleges supported by taxation aid expressing the Christian tendency of the broth rbood of men, and, second ly, the endowed institutions supported by enlightened philanthropy. There is no call among us for a multi tude of new foundations, unle-s it be for institutions for tae training of teachers. We need rather to expand and enrich and liberalize the old foundations There are two obstacles in the way of this result. The popular abstract hatred of taxation which enables the enemies of the State schools to confuse the thought of the people and to make them regard all taxation as a curse rather than as organized corporate wisdom, hallowed by Christianity, struggling to secure for the children a needful tiling beyond in dividual power. Secondly, the failure thus far in our development to find the go’den nman between the individualism which preserves liber ty and the individualism whi h para lyzes concerted action. S ill partially rooted in our life is the f4al thought that every man should educate his own child, or leave him uneducated if it be his will or misfortune. Emphasized by poverty this convic tion still stays the hand of giving and belittles the glory and gladness of help ing others to help themselves. We will do well to labor and pray for the death of this sentiment We would be mad to cease State effort and demand endow ment at the point of a subscription list. Bishop Potter in a recent utterance has declared that the darkest day for any people would be the day when they did not possess an ideal University. And by an ideal University he meant any group of free, simple, unhampered men seeking truth for truth’s sake; “waiting patiently on their bended knees before the shat doors of the kingdom of Knowledge;” getting their only reward in the thrill of the human soul in its contact with verity; ignorant and careless of the moment when their theoretic truth merges into tact, and in the form of mighty engines or stately ships or roaring looms bless the world. There can be no fairer picture on earth than this, and such men are indeed the aristocracy of the world. But there is one thing greater than truth and that is hu manity. The Southern University m :.y well cherish tbi3 serene ideal and incur porate in its organization the creative impale; aud the spirit of inquiry and la ve.-fgat ion, but its first thought must be about it i environment,out of which it must grow and by which it must do lts duty before it can erect a beautiful aristoc racy of scholarship. Once we wore aris tocratic in government and educition, but now we are democratic in jjboth. At this stage of our culture when millions are to be impressed with the important* of knowledges the Southern scholar mu t forego his office of prophet and seer and become ruler and reformer; and South ern Universities and Colleges must do the work of [social regenerative forces, reaching out directly into the life of the people, m iking known bow much better light is than darkness, and how sweet it isjfor the eyes to behold the - un-ecnoblicg the poo * man’s poveity and spirituals ing the rich man’s gold. I sometimes think that our brethren of the North and West do not fully comprehend how ripe the time is, and how bard the struggle for the fruit ful doing of such work. Individuals and communities cannot be forced into power, or culture, or effectiveness, or skill. The desire for these good things must go before their realization. For a glimpse of the self reliance, the eager ness, the bravery of the 8 -uth, one has only to visit a Southern college and see the earnest, thrilling desire for the .op portunities which the poople believe to be concealed in education. The influences that hinder and obstruct cannot wholly restrain or dull it, aud it grows by what it feeds on. It is something of asp rit, I fancy, that lives for us in the glad, grateful words of young Ulrich Von Hut ten, spoken to the bright face of freedom in the morning of the modern world: ‘Students are blooming; minds are awakening. It is a joy to be alive.’ It is the spirits which will cause history to place our epic period not in the heroic days of ’6l and’6s, when our soldiers performed prodigious feats of arms, bat iu the grinning days of ’65 to ’l)s, when they and their sons rose above the diffi culties that followed the wake of war. The going of a Southern toy to college is no conventional, quite ordinary stage in the life * f a youth. It is always an event and sometimes a tragedy. It most frequently means that far away in the home tho father and mother work harder aud rest less, and scrimp here and save there, eating skim miik and oatmeal and taking counsel in the still hours of the night how they may give their child the privileges they did not know, and tto entrance into th? clearer, fresher, sweeter life denied to them I have seen a feeble worn ;n’s face set with stern resolve and glow with ineffable love at the very thought of her boy putting on his armor at the price of her own life The dignity and power and political value of childhood and youth as the fittest and ulti mate concern of the legislator, the preacher, ttie political economist, the true statesman has entered our life as one hundred years ago it entered the life ' f the French, ar used by the mad earn stness of Rousseau and aghast at U e havoc of revolution, or as it entered into the thought of tie English a gen erat on later to the music of Words worth's immortal ode. High r education in the South does not exist for its own glory, so- the fame of is teachers, for the p jde of sector for any subjective or selfish reason. Its aims must be pure public aims and its service public service. In portentous era and with inadequate means, it stands for the beneficent force that must transmute the tumultuous, untrained life about it into self-govern ment perfected by education—its mat erial tne youth of a new lie and a new century, and its strong fortress the self conscious state, no longer asynonvm of rude force, but an expression of Oh rs tutu sympathy and unity and conscience, seeking to realize and show forth the dignity of Democracy, the beauty of pop ular concord and justice, aud the majesty of Republican cit zenship.” There will be but two sessions of the congress to morrow. Iu the morning at 10 o’clock “Secondary Education” will be the subject of President Ellen 0. Sabin, of Milwaukee; “Progress in Pri m iry Education.” that of Mrs. Eva D Kellogg, of Boston, and “Rural Schools,” of Hon. Charles A. Skinner, of Albany. At the afternoon session at 2 o’clock F Louis Soldan, of St. Louis, aud Oscar Cooper, of Galveston, will speak on the “Aim of the Elementary Schools,” “Uni versify E1 ucation” will be tho subject of President Francis A. Patton, of the Uni versity of Jersey. Dr. Charles W. Dab Dey, president of the University of Tennesse and assistant secretary of agri culture, will speak on “The Trend of Higher Education in the South.” Marvelous Results. F.otn a letter written by Rev. J. Gun derman, of Dimondsle, Mich , we are permitted to make this ex'raet: *‘l have no hesitation in recommending Dr. King’s New Discovery, as the results were almost marvelous in the case of my wife. While I was pastor of the Baptist church at Rives Junction she was brought down with Pneumonia succeed ing La Grippe. Terrible paroxysms of coughing would last hours with little in terruption and it seemed as if she could not survive them. A friend recom mended Dr. King’s New Discovery; it was quick in its work and highly satis factory in results.” Trial bottles free at John Y. Macßae’s drug store. Regular size 50c. and sl. Torturing Disfiguring Askin‘‘diseases jfyj Instantly ’ W RELIEVED . (CUTICURA \ \ the \ 'w GREAT Luskin cure Vy Sold throughout the world. British depot: F. Nrwbkry & Sons, i, King 1 Edward st., London. Pottbr Drug & Chum. Corf., Sole Props., Boston, U. S. A. Notice. The ensuing annual meeting of the stock holders of the Raleigh and Augusta Air- Line Railroad Company, will be held at the office of the company, in Raleigh, N. C., on Thursday, the 14th dav of November, 1895, commencing at 12 o'clock, noon. The transfer books will be closed from the 31st inst., to November 14th, 1895, inclu sive. W. W. VASS, Secretary. Raleigh, Oct. 15, 1895, Chas. Pearson, Architect and Engineer, Plan* aud specifications furnished o» application. Laud surveying, water works, etc. Room 22, Pullen building. CROSS & LINEHAN CLOTHING, FURNISHINGS MO SHOES Never in the history of the clothing business have desirable clothes been offered at such low prices as wo are now quoting. Our assortment of rich novelties, both in foreign and domestic manufacture, represents every fashionable color and weave and is unquestionably the largest aud most complete to be seen in the city. Quality with us is always the first consideration, this secured, we IHLRJRiIIMnEIIES IF > IESI[<OIE& Down to make them acceptable to you. A groat exhibit of new for HT'TFn'TTgg, SPECIALTIES Will bo offered in every department of sufficient importance to warrant their inspect on b every ono interested in High Class Merchandise. We do not quote prices for the reason that the values in e toll and every instance wi’l Bpeak for them selves and tellingly. Seeing is believing, and it takes but little time, gives but In tie trouble, and costs n thing 10 come to see for yourselves. Drop iu on us, we will try to make it pleasant as well as profitab’e to yon. CROSS & LINEHAN. 210 Fayettevili® Strqe*. That Tired Feeling Means danger. It is a serious condition and will lead to disas trous results if it is not over come at once. It is a sure sign that tho blood is impoverished und impure. The best remedy is HOOD’S Sarsaparilla Which makes rich, healthy blood, and thus gives stive* ! i and elas ticity to the mu-ch s, vigor to the brain aiul lie .Ith aud vitality to every part, of the body. Hood's Sarsaparilla positively Makes the Weak Strong “ I have taken Hood's Sarsa parilla for indigestion, f ind tired feeling and loss of appetite. I feel much better and stronger after taking it. I earnestly rec ommend Hood’s Sarsaparilla, and I call it a great medicine.” Mrs. C. E. Branhi' tst, 1318 Cambria St., Philadelphia, Pa. Hood’s and Only Mood’s W,.«,])„ u;n„ easy to buy. easy t« ITOOU S FliiS take,easy in effeoL Zta. COAL FOR Anthracite Coal Os ail sizes and Bituminous Coal Os several grades from the best mines in America by c rload to any depot direct Irom th- mines, or for Timothy Hay, Corn, Oafs, Bran, Meal. Shingles, Lathes. Write for prices to. Jones & Powell, RALEIGH, N, C. ) 41 Telephones > 71 ) 146 CURRENT COST Age 20, per thousand, - - - $ 7.61 Age 30, per thousand, - - - 911 Age 40, per thousand, - - 12 10 Age 50, per thousand, - - - 19 62 Other ages in proportion. State age at nearest birth day when writing for par ticulars. J.H SOUTHGATE GENERAL AGENT. Durham, N. C. American Union Life Insurance COMPANY. Honorable, energetic canvassers wanted with whom the best commission contracts will be made. Ladies who value a refined complexion mußt use Pozzora'a Powdkh. It produces a soft and beautiful skin. WACHOVIA, Loan and Trust Company. WINSTON. N. O. —o— Paid up Capital, $200,000 Authorized Capital, SI,OOO 000 STATEMENT. At tlu* close of.business -K 18W* Loans, $357,350 07 Overdrafts, ..... 14 ns Bonds, - ..... 1..17® oe Building and fixtures, • - at>43 14 Real estate, s.Ofll 05 Cash On bund and in banks, - in..vt> 83 Total, $543.123 42 Capital .... 2'0.000 00 Surplus, - - . . 11 003 07 Deposits, .... ss Due to bunks, - - . 9,13714 Cashier's Checks, - - . 559 m Total, . $505,123 OS June 13, 1803, $ Dee, is, 1833, 39,708 98 PFPfI dT v .June 15, 1-I*4, 98,985 00 L*C. U»l I Deo. in, imm 1(7.903 A3 May 15, 1*95, 201,324243 Sept. 28, 185*5, 2S4,:i»i 9C YOUR BU81NE8? SOLICITED. V. H. FRIES, J AS. A. GRA Y, President, Vice Preml’t H. V SHAFFNKR, Sec’v and Treav. EDIBLES, Fc r Fair Week. Supply yo > Twelves before the rusa b< gins. I HAVE THEM Everything yo i n-ed is (•be w-ocery arid provis ion line AT LOW PRICES Y< ur friends will to here, prepare for them snd let’s have a gala week. All goods delivered promptly. 0, T. JOHNSON, Aoist Grocer and Commission Merchant. SPECIAL SALE -OF PIANOS AND ORGANS Beginning Tuesday morning, October ‘22nd, 1895, and continuing one week. We will make a liberal reduction on all pianos and organs in stock, ami we hare some special bargains in three PIANOS one grand and two uprights, that are a littla shop-worn, lust as good as new in other respects. One Kimball Piano, style No. 2, used only four months, will be sold for fifty dollars less than regular price. This will be the most important Piano sale ever advertised in Raleigh. Give us a call during the week and you w ill surely see something desirable. Remember we carry the largest stock in tire State and are pre pared to give the best bargains. We own and personally control our extensive Piano and Organ business. If you iutend buying a Piano or Organ soon, you can’t afford to miss this opportunity. Darnell & Thomas, 114 Fayetteville St. • - - Raleigh, N. C. PRODUCE BOUGHT AND SOLD ON COMMISSION. bpkcialt.es eggs and butter. Fowls, game, fruit, vegetables, grain and produce of all kinds sold on commission. Highest prices guaranteed. Reference given on application. Consignments solic itedr JNO. C. MOORE. 116 E. Martin St., Raleigh, N. C.
The News & Observer (Raleigh, N.C.)
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Oct. 26, 1895, edition 1
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