Newspapers / The News & Observer … / Nov. 17, 1895, edition 1 / Page 2
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2 A FORWARD MOVE MERGEDTHAI.ER LINOTYPE M A* CHINES AND HOW THEY OPERA i'K. THE WONOER ,0F THE CENTURY Each Machine Ponts Three Thousand Hollars, and Is the Combination ot the Efforts That Inventors Have Been Making for an Hundred Years, to Find Some Way to Set Type iff ore Expeditions!* Than by Hand. In response to inquiries from many readers, we give below an illustration and description of the Linotype ma chine (three of which have been used r - * .-"'VNv. ■ I i ■' i jst! f?-is ! S:'flffts||j|||j ||| Xj! Fig. 2. Machine Type Ready for Form. in making the type for this edition of our paper) sufficient to give a general understanding of its construction and operation. These machines east an assembly, solid slugs of type metal, each having on the upper edge, in relief, type char acters to print a line. Referring to the illustration which represents only the leading parts of the machine, A repre sents a fixed inclined magazine, hav ing channels through it from the up per to the lower end. Each channel contains female brass type known as matrices, such as shown in a separate figure. At the foot of each channel an escaping device B prime is located and connected by a rod C with one of the linger keys I) in the key-board. These keys represent the various characters Fig. 1. Slug Showing a Line. A Line of Type as Made by the Machine and positive spaces required for tabu lar work. A small magazine H con tains a series of wedge-shape spaces I of peculiar construction. The operator manipulates the tinger keys representing characters and spaces, in the same manner as a type writer is operated. As the character keys are depressed, their escapements release the corresponding matrices one at a time from the lower end of the magazine A. These matrices fall through channels upon an inclined Raveling belt F, by which they are wlivered one after another into the assembling-block G, where they are composed or arranged side by side in rm \ 'i> S’ I j I % Fig. 3. A Line Matrix. line at proper intervals. The space key J is actuated to drop the automat ic spaces I into the line betwen the matrices. When a line of matrices, represent ing an entire line of printing, is com pleted, it is transferred as indicated by the arrows from the assembler or stick G to the face of the mould-wheel K. Through this wheel from front to back, there is a slot of the exact size of the required slug or linotype. The female characters of the matrices are presented to the front of this slot The back of the mold slot is closd by the mouth of the melting-pot M, containing a supply of tyjie-metal, kept in a mol ten condition by a gasburner there under. I r i it Mcltjno jj r i POT iaUgSiteto-. V .composed Pv'S£®— Pt' : \ ■%lß^m.,'w MA TRicei ' Xk m jrpi. */£ r i T K &>'• ! p‘ T It t MfP' v: / M °i-o sg,.- /wheel (P ' v ’W : |J§ T CAS Fig. 5. The Manner of Casting a Line. nf «tTCMBUTOtt Fig. 4 Showing the Leading Parts. Tran ferring Line From the Operat' rto th; Distributor. A pump plunger operates at the prop er time to force metal through the mouth of the pot into the mold slot and against the matrices. This metal solidifying in the mold, forms a slug or linotype, having on the front edge, in relief, the type characters produced by the matrices. The wheel then re- volves, and an ejector advancing from the rear pushes the completed slug out of the slot into a receiving-galley at the front, not shown. The composd line of matrices and spaces having served its purpose, the mold is lifted as shown in dotted lines and trans ferred to the right. Teeth in the up per ends of the matrices engage a bar R, which then raises and carries the matrices to the top of the machine, leaving behind the spaces, which are shifted to the right into their maga zine H. After the matrices are lifted to the top of the machine, they are shifted to the right between screws IT, which A Line Being Justified. causes them to travel along a station ary distributor-barT. This bar i s toothed on its under edge to engage and sustain the matrices. The matrix representing each character, has a spe cial arrangement of teeth, and the teeth of the bar are varied in order or arrangement at different points in its length, so that as the matrices travel along the bar they are held in suspen sion until they arrive over the upper ends of the appropriate magazine channels. At this point the teeth of the bar and the matrix bear such re lations that the matrix is released and permitted to fall into the maga zine. It will be observed that matrices pursue a circulatory course, and that The News and Onserver. Sun i av, Nov. 17 ’OS the operations of composing one line, casting from another, and distributing a third, are carried on concurrently and without reference to one another. The justification of the line is effected while the matrices are in front of the mold by pushing the wedge-shaped spaces upward through the line until it is spread out to the required length. Matrices with faces from agate to small pica are made to run in the same magazine, one font being substituted for another. By using two inter changeable magazines, .each contain ing a font of matrices, the face pro duced by the machine can be changed in from two to five minutes. The molds are interchangeable and adjust able, so that bodies of any measure **?!*&*s// Wife j p?, MOLD 1 , jjijr EJECTOR RECEIVING CALLEY *1 : ' ! " LINOTYPES READY FOR USE Pig. 6. Assembling the Lines After Casting. fi||r 8' . •** Dis ?! Vis' o'! si r- j. a 5 : j' 1 ' I? 4t|r '"■’ThW ■- H ,\ •'V A'•/A-*' V \ fV* ft? v> ‘ V' •,:! ' !l ! '' . V , "JS**'’ Fig 7. Manner of Distribution. Fig. 8. The Linotype Complete. and thickness may be produced at will. FIG. I—SLUG SHOWING A LINE. The Linotype is not a type-setting machine. It is a machine controlled by finger-keys like a typewriter,which creates the type-matter, as demanded, ready for the press or stereotyping table to be once used and then melted down. Instead of producing single type of the ordinary character, it casts type metal bars or slugs such as shown in Figue 1. each complete in one piece and having on the upper edge, properly jus tified, the type characters to print a line. These slugs present the appearance of composed lines of type and serve the same purpose, and for this reason are called “linotypes.” FIG. 2—-TYRE READY FOR FORM. The linotypes are produced automa tically and assembled side by side in proper order, so that they consti tute a “form'’ such as shown in Fig ure 2, answering the same purposes and used in the same manner as the ordinary forms consisting of single types. After being used, however, the linotype forms, instead of being like type distributed at great expense, are simply thrown into the melting pot of the machine to be recast into new forms. CONSTRUCTION OF THE M WHINE. The machine contains, as its funda mental elements, several hundred single brass matrices, such as shown below. - X SjTV ®| if ' Matrix Which Forms Face of Tj pe. These consist of a flat plate having in one edge a female letter, or matrix proper, “a,” and in the upper end a series of teeth, “b,” used for selecting and distributing to their proper places in the magazine, matrices containing different letters. There are in the machine a number of matrices of each letter, and also matrices representing special characters, and spaces or quads of definite thickness for,use in tabular work. FIG. 3—A LINE MATRIX. The machine is so organized that on manipulating the finger-keys, it will select matrices in the order in which their characters are to appear in print and assemble them in line side by side with wedged spaces at suitable points in the line as shown below. This composed line forms a line matrix, or in other words, a line of female type, adapted to produce a line of raised printing type on a slug which may be cast into or against the matrix characters. After the matrix line is composed as above it is automatically transferred to the face of a mold, into which molten metal is delivered to produce the slug or linotype, after which the matrices are distributed or returned to the magazine to be again composed in new relations for suc ceeding lines. FIG. S—MANNER OF CASTING. This shows the manner of casting. FIG. 6—ASSEMBLING TIIE LINES. This shows the assembling of the lines after casting. FIG. 7—MANNER OF DISTRIBU TION. This shows the manner of distribu tion, after the matrices have served their purpose in front of the mold. FIG. B—THE LINOTYPE COMPLETE. This gives the view of the Linotype as it stands in the office of the News and Observer Publishing Company. It is a thing of beauty, and we hope it will be a “joy forever.” Notice. I want every man and woman in the United States interested in the Opium and Whiskey habits to have one of my books oa these diseases. Adlress B. M Woolley, Atlanta, Ga, B>x 380, and one will be sent you free. HOUSEHOLD LINENS. Attention is called to our extensive lines of hiusehold linens, which include some things at prices less than usual. Ha f-Bleach Table Damask, 54 to 62 inches wide, at 25c, 35c., 40c. and 50c. per yard. Bleached Table Damask, 62 to 72 inches wide, at 50c., 6Cc., 75c. and 90c. Heavy bleached satin damask with napkins to match. Specials in Huck Towels at 13c., 15c. and 20c. each. Extra large, tied fringe Damask Towels at 25c. each. Dinner Napkins, 5-8 at $1.25, $1 50 and $1.75 per dozen. Satin damask Lunch Cloths 30x30 and 35x 35 at 490. and 59c. each. Hemstitched Tray Cloths, with fancy open work corners, at 40c. each. Double-faced Damask hemstitched Tray Cloths, at 50a. each W.H.&R.S.TUCKER&CO. . . \ X, ■ \ . . % •- ;v £ '! L ~ s Mrs. nr it. i J. at lurk Ccnld Lot Do Cured So They iVI and So i Thought But Hordk; S; mi!:* Did Cure. *• For 7 long \ -r».r • I wis a constant suf ferer with ind / stion, end I tried pro se; iplioiis ail ;:-medics u:>. ill bt .nine so I-..’.: ' Ih ul given up nU hopes of recov ery, and my mt us t!v . ; - ,-No that I coal i not be - tile:!. The p - on i;i r.y blood had set in ci. eply, ami my limbs were a Sc!ir! Mass of Sores. I was confin- di>ti ehe • and to my bed most of tin iin . 1 d t.» rend an advertised tof H . ..i ia Hood s **««- jfl. JSI par ilia the paper and I at once prevailed upon $ , *- *<*±2 iny husband to let me try It, I got one bottle and it did me so much good that I kept using it until I bad taken twelve bottles and now T nni entirely mred. lam a well and hearty woman and can do my work with all erne and com fort.” Mus. Louisa Matlock, Bonita, Texas. Hood’s Pills are purely vegetable, ami da not purge, pain or srrine. Sold bv ririuurlata. WACHOVIA, Loan and Trust Company, « WINSTON. N. 0. Paid up Capital, $200,000 Authorized Capital, $1,000,000 STATEMENT. At the close of Jbusiness 28, 18*6 Loans, $357,359 07 Overdrafts, 44 98 Bonds, - 1,570 <» Building and fixtures, * • 23,525 14 ----- 8,061 05 Cash on hand and in banks, - 114.562 88 Total, $505,123 02 Capital .... 200.000 00 Surplus, .... 11,096 07 Deposits, .... 284,330 93 Due to bunas, • - - 9,137 14 Cashier’s Checks, ... 569 88 Total, . $505,123 02 .June 15, 1893, $ Dec. 16, 1893, 39.708 93 nCpnCITC- Jnne 15, 1894, 98,985 oo Ut.rU a I I V*. Dec. 15, 1894, 147.903 53 May 15, 1895, 201,32t;4S Sept. 28, 1895, 284,330 93 YOUR BUSINESS SOLICITED. F. H. FRIES, JAS. A. GRAY, President, Vice Presd’t. H. F. SHAFFNER, Sec'v and Treas.
The News & Observer (Raleigh, N.C.)
Standardized title groups preceding, succeeding, and alternate titles together.
Nov. 17, 1895, edition 1
2
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