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The News and Observed. VOL.XLIY. NO. 47. Leads all Other North Carolina Dailies in Both News and Circulation. WAR DECLARED BY CONGRESS The President Sent Message to Congress Asking Such Action and Without a Word of Debate the Resolution Declaring War Was Passed Unanimously by Both Houses. CHANGES MADE IN THE CABINET Sherman Tenders Resignation and is Succeeded by Judge Day—Prof. J. B, Moore Becomes Assistant —Roose velt Resigns and is Made a Colonel. A PROCLAMATION TREATING OF THE CAPTURE OF PRIZES BEING PREPARED Commander John Wynne has Been Appointed a Prize Commissioner With Headquarters at Key West-Col. Roosevdt Will Command a Regime-it of Cow Boys-The Blockade is Progressing Quietly at Havana--!he Naval Appropriation Bill Considered by the Senate -It Authorizes the Secretary of the Navy to Enlist as Many Men as he May Deem Neces siry to Man the Ships of the Navy, and Ap propriates $8,830,000 to Carry the Pro vision in Effect. Washington, D. C„ April 25. -Con gross to-day formally declared war to exist between the United Estates and Spain, the Senate passed the Naval Ap propria turn hill carrying large amounts of money for the improvement of our sea lighting arm of the Federal service; the Hull Army reorganization hill was passel by the Senate and uovv goes to the President. Secretary Sherman resigned as chief of the State Depart ment to be succeeded by Assistant Secre tary Day, and later by John B. Moore, ol' New York, an acknowledged authori ty ou international law, and the War Department called on the several States for their quotas to the volunteer army of the United States. These make up the complete events of the day. It was not announced when Secretry Sherman’s resignation would take effect, the Secretary having yielded his original iuea of leaving at once, and it is pre sumed that he will remain until Judge Day qualifies as his successor. The selection of Mr. Moore, who is now Professor of Internation Law at Colum bia University, New Y’ork. to succeed the latter was warmly welcomed by ail of the State Department employees. Appointed originally from Delaware to the State Department hv Mr. Bayard, when the latter was Secretary, Mr. Moore by sheer merit and ability worked his way up to the place of second as sistant secretary, and in that capacity he served under several administrations without regard to political changes. He resigned to accept the chair of Interna tional Law at Columbia University about three years ago. and it is believed that Ids present appointment is only temporary, owing to his indisposition to permanently sever his connections with Columbia. Mr. Moore is an authority on certain branches of international law. and his selection will do much to strengthen the State Department in the present emergency. The officials of the department, with the assistance of the Attorney General, have been preparing smother proclama tion which will be issued in a day or two. this time treating of prizes and de fining tip, conditions and time when such seizures might be made. It is believed that the protest and suggestions com ing troin foreign embassies and legations here have led the department to define once lor all its position in Ibis matter. prize eoiumissioner was npopinted tins afternoon in the person of Com .minder John Wynne, a retired naval ..ffieer. He will be stationed at Key \\est. where lie now resides, and it wiil be his duty in conjunction with two ot the members yet to be selected as lain of th,. commission to make appraise ments „f tl„. value of prices, and to as sist the prize courts in their work The President to-day named Assistant Secre tary of the Navy Roosevelt as Lieuten ant Colonel of one of the regiments of mounted riflemen to be raised i„ the Roekv Mountains, under Co!. Wood, whom Mr. Roosevelt lias urged for the place. Col. Wood is now Doctor Wood, °f ! ,u * ,- my. lie won a medal for distinguished gallantry while command ing a detachment of regular troops dur ing the exceedingly hard Apache cam paigns against Gcronimo. Secretary Alger selected Col. Wood and Mr. Roosevelt for the positions, be cause he felt that their training and ex perience in the past fitted them to do good service with a cowboy regiment. Col. Wood starts west to-morrow to su perintend the recruiting; many offers having already come to Mr. Roosevelt, from individuals and organizations among the cowboys. Secretary Long wishes Mr. Roosevelt to remain in his present position as long as possible, so it may be two or three weeks before he will join his command. So far the talk of a successor to Mr. Roosevelt as assistant. Secretary has been mere speculation, and it run be stated positively that up to this time tin* President has not made a choice as his sueeessfor. There was a dirlli of news from the seat of hostilities off the Cuban coast, so far as the department was concerned, or if it was in iwssession of information, it was carefully guarded that nothing leaked out. A few telegrams came from Ivey West announcing the arrival there of the prizes whose capture have been reported through the* press. Noth ing could be obtained as to the intentions of Commodore Schley in so hastily rush ing away the flyers Columbia and Min neapolis from Hampton Roads, but it is believed that, their purpose is to shelter the Paris, or some of the other liners from attack at the hands of a Spanish cruiser. There was talk of establish ing a supply depot in the Philippines to meet the conditions in Asiatic waters. Our fleet there now has no hopes, and under neutrality laws the stay of the ships at any port is limited to a few hours. This is unpleasant, besides in volving the expenditure of a great deal of coal, so that it may become necessary for Commodore Dewey I<> seize a port in the Philippines and fortify it as n base of supplies. The department to-day purchased two more tugs, the Hortense, of New Orleans, and the Marry Williek, of Galveston. A good many details remain to be ar ranged hi order to carry out the War Department’s projects of the mobiliz ation of the volunteers, but these are rapidly being disposed of. The depart ment received notice to-day that John Logan, soli of the late General and Senator Logan, had raised a cavalry regiment, which he offered to the govern ment under his own command. It is hoped that this can be accepted as part of the quota of men to be furnished by Illinois. John Jacob Astor, of New York, not content with offering tin* government free fiis splendid yacht Norinahod and free transportation for troops and suit plies over the railroads in which he is interested, lias come forward with notice that he has raised and equipped at his own expense a battery of artillery, which he desires to offer to tin* government under his own plans for service in ('ttlta. Tills offer probably will be accepted, al though the* department has been deluged with offers to raise vounteers in this way to the aggregate of at least 50,000. As the President's authority under the vol unteer bill is to enlist only three regiments outside of the regular quotas to be furnished by the State, there is not much opportunity to accept tin* ser vice of these patriots. The order to the District Militia to get into camp at Soldiers’ Home, was revoked at the mo ment when it was in execution, owing, it is said, to the fact that the sudden call away of so many employes from the departments without notice threatened to cripple the government service*. The action of the President in recom mending a formal declaration of war was welcomed by officials in every direction as putting the present struggle on a more dignified basis and tending to the avoidance of international complica tions. THE PRESIDENT’S MESSAGE. History Making Recommendation Upon Which Congress acted Yesterday. Washington. April 25.—'The President today sent the following message to < ongress: To tin* Senate and House of Repre sentatives of the United States of America: 1 transmit to Congress for its con sideration and appropriate action copies of correspondence recently had with the representatives of Spain in the Uni ted States, with the United States Miti RALEIGH, N. C., TUESDAY MORNING, APRIL 26, 1898. isU»r at Madrid, and through the latter with the government of Spain, show ing the action taken under the joint resolution approved April 20. ISOS. 1 StHJ. ••for the recognition of the independence of the people of Cuba, demanding that the government of Spain relinquish its authority and government in the island of Cuba and withdraw its land and naval forces from Cuba and Cuban waters, and directing the President of tin* United States to use the land and naval forces of the United States to carry these resolutions into effect.” Upon communicating to the Spanish Minister in Washington the demand w hich it liecume the duty of the Execu tive to address to the government of Spain, in obedience to said resolution, the Minister asked for his passports and withdrew. The United States Min ister at Madrid was in turn notified by the Spanish Minister for Foreign Af fairs that the withdrawal of the Span ish representatives from the l nited Slates had terminated diplomatic re lations between the two countries and that all official communications between their respective representatives ceased therewith. * ♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦* | The Declaration of War. ; ♦ Washington, D. C., April 2;.— Following is the bill | reported by the House Foreign Affairs Committee: t ♦ A bill declaring that war exists between the United X ♦ States of America and the kingdom of Spain. | ♦ Be it enacted, etc. ♦ First. That war be and the same is hereby de- 1 X dared to exist, and that war has existed since the 21st ♦ ♦ day of April, A. D., 1898, including said day, between % ♦ the United Statesof America and the kingdom of Spain. $ X Second. That the President of the United States be X ♦ and he hereby is directed and empovvered to use the X J entire land and naval forces of the United States and ♦ ♦ to call into the active service of the United States ? ♦ the s milith of the several States to such extent as may ♦ ♦ be necessary to carry this act into effect. ♦ The House declaration is the same as that passed ♦ ♦ by the Senate. | *<►♦♦♦♦♦♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ ♦ ♦ I commend to your especial attention the note addressed to the United States Minister at Madrid by the Spanish Min ister for Foreign Affairs on the -Ist instant, whereby the foregoing notifica tion was conveyed. It will be per ceived therefrom that the govennient of Spain, having cognizance of the joint resolution of the United States Con gress. and iu view of the things which (lie President was thereby required and authorized to do, responds by treating the reasonable demands of Ibis govern ment as measures of hostility, follow ing with that instant and complete se verance of relations by its action which by Ilie usage of nations aeeompanies an existent state of war between sovereign powers. The position of Spain being tints made known and the demands of the United States being denied witliVn complete rupture of intereourse by The net of Spain. 1 have been constrained in exer cise of the power and authority con ferred upon me by the joint resolution aforesaid to proclaim, tinder date ot April 22. ISPS, a blockade of certain ports of the port of Cienfuegos on tiie south coast of Cuba; and. further, iu exercise of my constitutional powers and using the authority conferred upon me by the act of Congress approved April 22, ISPS, to issue my proclama tion. dated April 2.!. ISPS, calling forth volunteers iu order to carry into effect the said resolution of April 20, ISPS. Copies of these proclamations arc here to appended. Iu view ol the measures so taken, and with a view to the adoption of such other measures as may be necessary to enable me to carry out the expressed will of the Congress of the United States in i lie premises, 1 now recommend to your honorable body the adoption of a joint resolution, declaring that a state of’war exists between the United States of America and the Kingdom of Spain, and I urge speedy action thereon to tin* end. that the definition of the international status of the United States as a belliger ent power may lie made known, and the assertion of all its rights and the main tenance of all its duties in the conduct of a public war may he assured. (Signed.l WILLIAM MKINLEY. Executive Mansion, Washington, D. C., April 25, ISPS. The president’s message was aecorn paiuou by ten or fifteen telegrams and notes that have passed between the gov ernments of Spain and the United States mainly through Minister Woodford, but partly through Minister Polo. It is be lieved these papers will clearly establish j the position of this government that Spam has recognized the existence of a I state of war. In the correspondence accompanying (he President's message to-day was the following: On April 21. 1808, Minister Woodford telegraphed Secretary Sherman as fol lows: “Following is a text of my reply to the official note received this morning at 7:30 o'clock from the Spanish Minister of State: ‘ “i have the honor to acknowledge the receipt this morning of your note of this date, informing me that the Spanish Minister at Washington has been or dered to withdraw with all his legation, and without loss of time from North American Territory. * “You also inform me that by the act diplomatic relations between the two countries are broken off; that all official communication between their respective representatives cease. 1 have accord ingly this date telegraphed the Ameri can Consul General at Barcelona, to instruct all the consuls of tin* United States in Spain to turn their respective consulates over to the British consuls, and to leave Spain at once. I have my self turned this legation over to Her Britannic Majesty’s Embassy at Madrid. That embassy will from this time have the care of all American interests in Spain. I now request passports and the safe conduct to the French frontier for myself and the personnel of this lega tion. I intend leaving this afternoon at 4 o'clock for Paris. (Signed.l A\ OODF ORD.” Mr. Woodford to Mr. Sherman (tele gram). United States Legation, Madrid, April 21. 1898. Following is a text of the official note received this morning at 7:30 o’clock from the Spanish Minister of State: “In compliance with a painful duty I have the honor to inform your Excel lency that the President having approv ed a resolution of both chambers of the United State, which, in denying the le gitimate sovereignty of Spain and threatening an immediate armed inter vention in Cuba is equivalent to an evi dent declaration of war. the government of liis Majesty has ordered its Minister iu Washington to withdraw without loss of time from the North American terri tory. with all the personnel of the lega tion. I “By this act the diplomatic relations which have previously existed between the two countries are broken off; all official communications between their respective representaives ceasing, and I hasten to communicate this to Your Ex cellency iu order, that, on your part, you may make such dispositions as f seem suitable. 1 beg Your Excellency , to kindly acknowledge receipt of this note, and I avail myself, etc. (Signed.) “WOODFORD.” | On April 11 th Secretary Sherman , wired: j “Ultimate resolution in conference can not now he forecasted, but will doubt less direct intervention by force, if need be. to secure Cuba. The situation is most critical.” I Last Tuesday acting Secretary Day ! notified Minister Woodford of the final adoption of the resolutions by both houses. “An instruction will be telegraphed you later, immediately on the President, signing the joint resolution. In the meantime you will prepare for witli drawal from Spain and notify consuls to he ready for the signal to leave. If any consul is in danger he may quietly leave at his discretion. (Signed.) “DAY.” The folowing is the reply: Mr. Woodford to Mr. Day. “Madrid, April 20. “Have revived telegram of Tuesday morning. Am prepared to withdraw. Have notified consuls to be ready. (Signed.) “WOODFORD.” On April 20th Secretary Sherman tele graphed Mr. Woodford the ultimatum, heretofore published. On tin* same date Secretary Sherman sent a notice to the Spanish Minister informing him of the signing of tin* reso lutions. He also enclosed a copy of the resolutions and ultimatum. SENATE PROCCKDINOS. Washington. D. C„ April 25.—War and war measures were tin* only topics I discussed by the Senate to-day during more than four hours of its session. The I body had scarcely convened when the i message of the President, urging Con | gress to declare the existence of war between the United Slates and Spain, was laid before it. Without comment | the message was referred to the For eign Affairs Committee, j Consideration of the Naval Appro- I print ion bill, was resumed, the pending I question being upon an amendment ofj I Mr. Butler, (Populist North Carolina), I to reduce the price of armor plate or, as, I an alternative, to establish an armor j factory. After a long and bitter debate,' in the course of which Mr. Butler was accused by Mr. Hawley, (Connecticut), of making what, in the circumstances would be regarded as treasonable utter ances, the amendment was defeated. An amendment of great importance was attached to the bill at the last minute by Mr. Hale, Chairman of the Naval Affairs Committee. It. authorizes the secretary of the Navy to enlist as many men as lie may deem necessary to man the ships of tin* Navy during tin* existing war, and appropriates $8,830,000 to en able him to carry the amendment into effect. An amendment was also agreed to providing that hereafter all first-class battleships ami monitors shall be named after the various States. The naval bill was then passed. The bill for the better organization of the line of the army of the United States, providing for the three battalion formation, was called up by Mr. Hawley. It was read and then Hie amendments offered by the committee were agreed to without division. One of the amendments is an addi tion to the proviso of section three, au thorizing the President to accept Ihe quotas of troops of the various States and Territories. The committee’s amend ment requires that these quotas shall be “in companies, troops and batter.vs. each to contain so far as practicable the number of enlisted men authorized in this act for each arm of the service, and battalions of not less than three, such companies, and regiments of not less than ten nor more than twelve such companies. But this proviso shall apply to companies, troops, batteries, battal ions and regimental organizations and none others.” An amendment authorizes a hospital steward for each battalion. Provision is also made for tin* increase of the signal corps in time of war to the ex tent- of ten corporals, UK) first-class privates and forty privates, wlm are to have "the pay and allowance of engineer troops of the same grade. An amendment to Section (i gives the President discretion to employ retired officers of tin* army on active duty, ex cept in the command of troops. While so employed they are to receive the full pay of their grade. At 3 o’clock the Senate went into secret legislative session and passed the bill of'the House, declaring the ex istence of war between the United {States and Spain. Subsequently a brief open session was held, during which • minor business was transacted. Vice President Ilobart signed flu* bill de claring the existence of war between (lie United States and Spain at 5 o'clock. A lew minutes later a message was re ceived from the House announcing its disagreement with the Senate amend ments to the Army Re-organization bill and asking for a conference. The con ference was agreed to, and Messrs. Hawley, Proctor and Cockrell were named as the Senate conferees. At 5:35 o’clock p. m., the Senate ad journed. HOUSE PROCEEDINGS. Washington, 1). C\, April 25. —The House of Representatives to-day passed I in* bill declaring the existence of a stab* of war between the United States and Ihe Kingdom of Spain in a manner which cannot fail to impress the world. The representatives of 70,000,000 people voted for it without a word of debate, without a dissenting vote, and without a roll call, but with a solemn apprecia tion of the gravity of their momentous action. It required but one minute an 1 forty-one seconds to accomplish this. The House was considering an election ease when the message was received, and simply paused to declare war. There was no excitement, no cavil, no word or question. It was only in the great cheer that went up fro the iloor and galleries when Speaker Reed announced its passage that the tremendous import o, the act and the suppressed enthu siasm behind it was shown. After the President's message was read, the com mittee on Foreign Affairs framed a reso lution, acting Chairman Adams wrote the report, and it was passed on its way to tlie Senate in an hour and six min utes. The Speaker signed it: at 4:49. The remainder of the day was devoted to the election ease of Wise vs. Young, from the Second Virginia district. Mr. Mesiek made the opening argu ment in tin* election case in favor of the | claims of the contestant. Mr. Wise. On the face of the returns, the sitling mem ber, Mr. Young (Dem.), had 2,393 plu rality. Mr. Mesiek claimed that a con spiraey existed to prevent the negroes from voting. The testimony before the committee, lie contended, showed that the contestant, I)r. Wise, was entitled to a plurality of 5,11.7 in the district. Messrs. Burke (Hem., Texas); Yost. (Rep.. Ya.), and De Armoiul (Dem., Mo.), spoke on the election ease. When the Army Reorganization bill, with Senate amendments, came back to the House, on motion of Mr. Hull, the amendments were non-concurred in, and tin* bill was sent to conference. Messrs. Hull, Cox. (Dem., Tenn.). and i Marsh (Rep., Illinois), were appointed conferees. **t 5:10 p. in. the House adjourned. RECRUITING OFFICE OPEN. A "Home Guard” to be Formed—Va cancies in Governor’s Guard. A recruiting office for “Home Guards” j will Ih> opened here today by Mr. Fred i Woollcott at the shop of Mr. George' N. Walters. In the meantime there are still I wen-I ty-iive men needed in the Governor’s t Guard to make out its quota of eighty tour men. Only men are wanted in ' Inis, though, who are willing to go to Culm or anywhere else duty may call, j It may be well to state here that no mutter how uiauy Home Guards arc formed the Governor's Guard will still ; remain the military company of thee ity. I and though it should go to Cuba and ■ 1 remain there for years, on its return it | would be restored to its place, both in | priority of rank and in the hearts of the people yf Raleigh. i rHIRD EDIS ON.* PRICE FIVE CENTS. CHALLENGES LEE UNO SIGSBEE Spanish Naval Attache Takes Offense at Statements FITZ LEE RECEIVES HIS BUT ('APT. SIGS BEE'S HAS NO4’ YET REACHED IIIM. INSULTING BRAY OF A SPANISH JACK Says He Will Await the Answer to His Chal lenges For Eight Days at Toronto— The One to General Lee Was Sent First. Washington. 1). C.. April 25.—Lieuten ant. Ramon de Carranzea, of the Span ish Royal navy, until recently Naval At tache of the Spanish Legation at Wash ington, lias challenged General Fitzhugh Lee and Captain Sigsbee. of the Maine, to tight duels. The challenges were is sued on the night that the Spanish Min ister withdraw from Washington. Lieu tenant De Carranza had determined upon this course of action immediately after General Lee and Captain Sigsbee stated before the Congressional Com mittees, that in their belief Spanish ml val officers were responsible for the blowing up of the Maine. He made known his purpose to Minister Polo, who tempforily forbade him from issuing the i challenge while he was a member of ■ the legation staff. Lieutenant Carranza mentioned that his official position in no way restricted his rights as a gentlemen ' to call another gentlemen to account. It i was finally arranged that the issuance of the challenges should await the ter • initiation of diplomatic relations between i Spain and the United States, whereupon Lieutenant do Carranza would be nlfc solved from any restraint as an official i under Minister Polo. In the meantime Lieutenant de Carranza consulted his I ebtso |K*rsotml friend, Oa|Hain de la Caen. -of the Spanish Army, late Military At tache here, and the details of the chal ; leuge were arranged. Only Minister Polo. Captain de la Casa and one other person were aware of what was done, the strictest secrecy being enjoined on all parties according to the ethics od dculiu, which give to the party chal . longed the privileged of making public thte facts in the transaction. This , se secrecy is now broken, however, by the rumors current, and Ihe facts of the • challenge are made public. Lieutenant de Carranza's first chal lenge was sent to General Lee, and it is rather more lengthy than the one sent to Captain Sigsbee. Il is most def erential. even courtly, in tone, according ly to the tenets of dueling, but aside from the challenge proper, it contains an in ternational insult to General Lee with a view to provoking him to an acceptance. The letter states that General Lee in his testimony before a Congressional com mittee stated that in his judgment Span ishofficials exploded the time which blew up the Maine. This, Lieutenant de Car ranza asserts in his direct reflection upon the honor of the signal officer who had charge of the defenses of Havana. "Any man makes a change on behalf and not on proof.” the challenge pro ceeds. "is himself capable of coin able of committing the crime.” Lieutenant de Carranza refers to re ports that General Lee will return to Gubar as a Mam* General, ami she asks tha be fori* In* goes the will give the tenant Lieutenant the privilege of light ing him. The challenge closes as fol lows: “For eight days 1 shall await your an swer at the Spanish Consulate at To ronto. The challenge to General Lee was mailed at 0:30 p. m. on the 20th instant, as the Spanish Minister and his party were about to take the train. It was directed to the State Department, as General Lee had been assigned a room at the Department. It happened, how ever, that he had gone to Richmond, so that it was not known whether or not he received the letter the following morning. Lieutenant tie Carranza felt satisfied that General Lee would accept tin* challenge, and that a meeting would occur probably on Canadian soil. The challenge to Captain Sigsbee is i substantially the same as that to Gen eral Lee, but is slightly briefer. The challenge was sent in care of the Nary Department. Captain Sigsbee bad pre viously left for Philadelphia to take command of the auxiliary cruiser St. Paul, so that the letter may not have reached him. Since the challenges were sent, i*o word has reached here as to the purposes of General Lee or Captain Sigsbee. The dispatch from Toronto indicates that no acceptances or declinations have reached there. Philadelphia, Pa., April 25. —Captain Sigsbee. when seen to-night: in reference to the challenge said to have been sent him by Lieutenant Carranza, said In* had no definite information concerning it. He said: ‘‘l dq not believe any such challenge has been issued. I have not received it at any rate, and think 1 would have heard of it if it had been sent to me at Washington.” “In ease you do receive it, what action will you take?” lie was asked. “It is too absurd to believe, and I (Continued ou Second Page.)
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April 26, 1898, edition 1
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