The News and Observer.
VOL. LIV. NO J2H.
tLsaaOs ©DO ©ffitPcDUßonsi
RALEIGH'S PRIMACY
IH EDUCATION
Fifteen Hundred Students
Come Here Every Year.
OUTLOOK FOR 1904
The New Railroad, Masonic Temple.
New Buildings for Baptist Univer
sity, the most important Op
erations Already
Guaranteed.
To the Editor: —This city has had and
is yet enjoying its full share of the gen
eral prosperity of the State. During the
past year a larger number of handsome
residences have been erected than during
any previous period of the past, and the
city now presents a more handsome and
dignified appearance than ever before,
having many mile§ of well graded streets
and paved sidewalks.
The health of the city has been un
usually good, and the exemption from
business and financial difficulties has been
remarkable. The banks and other finan
cial institutions have prospered and are
in excellent condition with larger deposits,
than at any previous report.
The volume of money paid out for cot
ton and tobacco during the past year has
greatly exceeded the usual average and
has carried comfort and prosperity to the
surrounding county. Land sales have been
numerous and many debts have been paid.
The seven colleges located in Raleigh
have been filled to their utmost capacity,
new buildings have been added and oth
ers are being planned for the coming
years. The various mills and other in
dustrial enterprises have been in con
tinual operation, and with satisfactory
results.
The Yarborough Hotel has had a
\ change of management and extensive im
provements are now being made, which
• will make it, when completed in February,
one of the best hotels in the State-
During the year Raleigh Iras had
the pleasure of entertaining a large num
ber of visitors from all parts of the
State, who came to attend the session of
the Summer School, held in the splendid
new auditorium of the College of Agri
culture -and Mechanic Arts, meeting of
State Superintendents of Education, meet
ings of Grand Lodge of Masons. State His
torical Society, several conventions, pleas
ure excursions and the Annual State Fair
in October. These various meetings brought
to the city many thousand citizens, who
we trust enjoyed their visit to the Capital
of the State as much as we enjoyed having
them with us.
One of the important results of the
year 1903, was the organization of the
Raleigh and Pamlico Railroad Company,
and the year 1904 will witness the build
ing of the road and give this city another
outlet to tidewater.
During this year a large amount of
money will be expended in the erection
of the Masonic Temple on Fayetteville
street, which promises to be the most
imposing building in the State, and in
erecting a new dormitory at the Bfptist
University.
At the close of last yc*ar, the city
lost twenty-four saloons, which were re
placed by a dispensary, leaving that many
places of business which have been occu
pied for other kinds of business.
The Summer School for 1904, is already
receiving attention and it is confidently
expected that with the advantages of
fered and the central location that one
thousand students and visitors will attend
during the month of July.
A great amount of work has
been accomplished in this city during the
past few* years in the improvement of the
streets and sidewalks, erection of hand
some churches, public school buildings,
two orphanages, public library, Baptist
University, buildings, manufacturing en
terprises, residences, stores, bank build
ings, two new' railroads—South and East.
Several office buildings give an oppor
tunity to make this city tlie headquarters
of the various insurance and business
agencies in the State. The Textile De
partment at the A. and M. College, the
Business College with one hundred and
fifty students, about one-half coming from
a distance, the Summer School, the His
torical Society, and several other societies
for school and school-house improvement,
loan and trust company, savings bank and
several financial organizations show' a
substantial growth and increasing pros
perity of the city.
Raleigh needs an addition to its teach
ing facilities by which the young women
®> ® jy I Senator Hanna Would Consecrate His Carpenter Hearst Recommends a Plank Senator Morgan Throws Down the Ham-
A Hopeful Chirp. Threatened Hostilities. ' The Only Firing Done So Far. Life to Peace in the Habor World. For The Platform. | mer and Takes up The Grab Hook.
and young men of the advanced classes
can be trained and be prepared for in
dustrial work —as knowledge of cooking,
sewing, dress-making, wood-working, etc.,
would make them more valuable to the
city and State, and the amount required
would prove to be a good financial invest
ment.
The past success attending intelligent
efforts, should stimulate our citizens to
renewed exertions in the future. In
union there is strength, and now' that
prosperity is with us, there is every en
couragement for our business men to de
vise and to aid in carrying forward sev
eral new enterprises during this year- It
will require a strong pull and a pull all
together and possibly a long pull in order
to succeed. The Chamber of Commerce
will in the future, as it has in the past,
take part in every enterprise that promi
ses benefit to the city.
GEORGE ALLEN,
Secretary Chamber of Commerce.
THE LATE RICHARD PEED.
Humor and Pathos in 4he Career of
One Whose Life Was a Benison.
To the Editor: Ever since the death
of Ibis remarkable man, I have thought
that more than a passing notice of his
life ought to be given to the public.
There are lessons in his life that are well
w'orth studying and learning. He had
unusual native ability. His perception
of men and things was keen and accurate.
He was an original thinker. He gave
you many new, rich thoughts. He was
not what the schools would call an edu
cated man. When a boy of seven or eight
years of age lie thirsted for knowledge.
He went out one night and looking up
at the stars he said: “How beautiful you
are. O that I knew who made you!”
His father was uneducated and had rais
ed him in ignorance. When older he at
tended a session or two of the “old field
school” taught sixty or seventy years
ago. He learned to read and write well
enough to help him much in life. Mr
Peed enjoyed a joke- When a schoo'
boy, one day at recess, he got a lump of
rosin from a pine tree, and spread it out
on tlie log bench by his ride, where a
school mate always sat. The boy came in
and took his seat by Peed's side. After
a while the teacher called the boy to
recite his lesson. The boy made effort
after effort to get up but was stuck fast
to the bench. The teacher said sharply':
“Jim, come on and say your lesson!*
The boy tried again to rise but failed.
“Jim, if you don’t come I’ll whip you!”
The boy made a desperate effort, and
broke his suspenders. Richard sat as
sober as a judge, pretending to be study
ing his lesson.
In early manhood Mr. Peed married
an excellent young lady. He promised
her he would not drink any more. Not
long afterwards, early one morning a
neighbor came along with a tickler of
whiskey, and offered him a drink. He
accepted and took a little too much. It
addled his brain. He wanted to conceal
the fact from his wife. To do this he
got into an old fashioned loom in the
room where his wife was preparing
breakfast. He got over among the tred
dles and gear, and took his seat. He
sat. a moment, and said: “This won't do;
if I sit this way she will find out I am
half drunk.” So he changed again and
said “this won't do: she will find it out.”
He kept changing to every possible posi
tion. His wife eyed him with a slight
glance, and a gentle smile. Presently she
said mildly: “Mr. Peed, breakfast is
ready: come out of the loom. I know
what is the matter with you.” This was
his la>t drink- When he got sober he
went out alone, and looking up to heaven
he raised his right hand and said: “O
God with Thy help I will never drink an
other drop. There shall live and die one
sober Peed.” He kept this pledge to his
dying day. He was called on to tell his
loom story wherever he went. He
worked and made speeches for temper
ance as long as he lived.
His wife was one of the most quiet and
sweet-tempered women e'er known. He
loved to tease her. Getting her in com
pany he would say: “Wife and I have
big quarrels. We generally quarrel in
the morning about the work of the day.
She wants to boss me. She quarrels with
me when I start to work until I get to
the gate. Then I stop quarreling and let !
her have the last word; and when I do
this I always get a good dinner when I
com e home/'
Brother Peed was a good neighbor. He
loved, helped and lived in peace with all.
But strange to say, he had at one time a
neighbor who bated him, and missed no
opportunity to injure him- This man
was taken sick in the winter. His wife
and children could not get fire wood.
Brother Peed took his hands and wa
gons and cut and hauled wood for him
all day, and then left his hands to cut
the wood the proper lengths for the fire
places, and stack it on the porch, ready
for use. This conjured his enemy and
made a strong, lasting friend of him.
Brother Peed was a devoutly pious
man. His Christian experience was
based on a heart-felt sense of sins forgiv
en. He loved to talk of Christian ex
perience, a thing now too much negleet
(Continued on Page Three.)
ttALEI'iH., NUiiH CAKOLINA SuNDAT MOKMNG, JANUAKY, Hi . IHO4.
SENATOR SIMMONS FAVORS
RATIFICATION OF THE TREATY
rhe Full Text of His Vigorous Argument Deliv
ered Before the Senate ou Wednes
day,? Last.
(Special to News and Observer.)
Washington, D- C., Jan. 30. —The fol
lowing is Senator Simmons’s speech in
favor of the ratification of the Isthmian
Canal treaty. This speech was delivered
before the Senate on Wednesday and was
the first argument from the Democratic
side in favor of the Panama treaty. The
text of Mr. Simmons’s address follows:
Mr. Simmons. Mr. President, it is my
purpose in the remarks which I shall
submit upon the pending resolutions to
make a statement of the facts of this
Panama situation as I see them and my
conclusions drawn from these facts.
When the Fifty-seventh Congress met
there was an apparently universal de
mand coming from all parts of the coun
try for the construction of the canal by
the Nicaraguan route. The national con
ventions of both parties had declared for
that route. The Canal Commission had
unanimously reported in its favor, and
the alternative route byway of the Is
thmus of Panama, on account of the ex
orbitant, if not impossible, price asked
by the Panama Canal Comany for its
concessions, had, so far as the üblic mind
and sentiment of the country were con
cerned, been eliminated from discussion
and consideration.
In these conditions the Panama Canal
Company, realizing that its only chance
of selling its property on the Isthmus
to this Government, its only possible
purchaser, was about to be lost, reduced
its demand from one hundred and nine
to forty millions of dollars. Thereupon
the Canal Commission was promptly re
convened and changed its recommendation
from a unanimous report in favor of the
Nicaragua route to a unanimous report
in favor of the Panama route.
As the result of this changed situation
the old controversy between the two
routes, which had slumbered for years,
was revived and reopened, and the rela
tive merits of the two routes again be
came the subject of earnest investigation
and heated discussion. The discussion in
this chamber was long and exhaustive.
Every phase of the question was debated.
In consequence of this debate and the
discussions througli the press anu by
the people there occurred one o* tiif
I in*, set remarkable changes in public send-
Iment ever witnessed in this country. The
j Senate, following the recommendation of
! the Canal Commission, adopted the so
called Spooner Act, expressing prei
crence for the Panama route.
The House, which had already passed
a bill authorizing the construction of the
canal by the Nicaragua route, reverscl
itself and followed the footsteps of (he
Senate, and the people acquiesced, as is
shown bv the fact that in States where
the demand for the Nicaragua route’ was
once the strongest, notwithstanding their
disapproval of the methods by which the
Hay-Varilla treaty was made possible, the
people are now demanding that that
treaty shall be ratified.
I will not undertake to say what argu
ments, or reasons, or facts, in addition
to the* reduction by the canal company of
its price, and the demonstrated feasibil
ity of the Panama route, brought about
this sudden and extraordinary change of
opinion.
It may have been the fact that a canal
by the Panama route may be made a sea
level canal, while a sea-level canal can
never be constructed by the Nicaragua
route.
It may have been the fact that it will
require two nights and a whole day to:
a ship to pass through a canal at Ni
caragua, while a ship can enter and pass
out of a canal by the Panama route with
in the light of a single day. For the pur
pose of this statement and argument, suf
fice it to «ay that this change was not
brought about by artifice or trickery, buv
that it was undoubtedly t.lie result of a
real change of opinion respecting the
relative merits of these two routes.
In view, Mr. President, of these cir
cumstances, in reaching a right conclu
sion as to the duties of the President
under the Spooner Act, in locating the
canal, the prefer once expressed in that
act for the Panama over the Nicaragua
route can not he considered as a mere per
functory declaration by Congress or by
the people. Undoubtedly the lawmaker
by that declaration or preference meant j
more than simply to say to the President ■
as between the two routes, ‘‘While we j
somewhat prefer the Panama route, it ,
does not matter much which you select
so we get the canal, and get it quickly.”
On the contrary. Mr. President, they
meant to say to him. and to say it with
unmistakable emphasis: “Panama is de
cidedly the best route. We have selected
il after long and mature consideration.
We therefore direct you to construct the j
16 PAGES—EDITORIAL SECTION-PAGES I TO 8.
canal by that route, if possible to ac
quire title thereto within reasonaole
time.” The circumstances to
and contemporaneous with this expression
of preference show that it was intended
that this prefex-ence should be treated as
vital, the only condition of defeasance
being the failure to acquire title in reas
onable time.
Manifestly, Mr. President, by “reason
able time,” as used in this act, is not
meant the reasonable time of the court
house. That phrase when used in litiga
tion, in civil controversies and transac
tions between man and man has to do
with the recurring terms of the courts
and must be interpreted in the light ot
the universal principle of swift pustice
and its corollary, a speedy trial.
The phrase "reasonble time” used in
connection with this great transaction,
which considered in relation to the grent
transactions of the world today is easily
the greatest, the consummation of which
after half a century negotiation is still
in the future in which all civilized man
kind are profoundly interested, must be
interpreted in vieav of the supreme im
portance of the subject-matter and the
slowness with which nations move in mat
ters of such high import.
So interpreted, I cannot believe there
was no such lapse of “reasonable time ’
as would have mad' it the President’s
duty to tufn to the alternative route des
ignated in the statute. I think that no
one will contend that the President
should have abandoned hope—broken oil
negotiations and gone to Nicaragua—
while the Colombian Congress was yet
in session and in any manner whatever
considering the treaty, and this did not
happen, as I understand, until the lat
ter part of October.
But, putting aside and out of consid
eration the fact that a call had then
been issued for an early extra session oi
Congress, and putting aside and out of
consideration the President's claim t u at
he thought, in view r of this fact, it was
his duty to wait and refer the whole
matter back to Congress, the President
-iSFTfCw, as everyone knew, that Colombia
really and earnetly wanted the canal;
tha*t, if anything, she was more anxious
that jt should be constructed across the
Isthmus instead of Nicaragua than we
ourselves. He knew that the secret mo
tive of Colombia's tortuous and dilatory
diplomacy toward the treaty was directed
to coercing the canal company into pay
ing her fer consenting to the sale of its
concessions to this Government. He knew
that the property of that company would
become utterly worthless f the canal
went elsewhere, and in these circumstr.n-
I ccs he might reasonably have concluded
i that mutual interest in the spoils would
; bring these traffickers togedher, and that
either Colombia, with the canal and ten
millions at stake, would abate her de
mand against the canal company or the
canal company, rather than lose its only
i possible purchaser, would yield to the
demands of Colombia, and that in this
manner and “w'ithin reasonable time”
the way might be made edear to give ef
fect to the preference expressei in the
Spooner law' for the isthmian route.
But, Mr. President, let me return to
the recital of the facts of the case.
Some time during the month of March
It 03, the President presented to the Sen
ate a convention known as the Hay-
Herran treaty, duly signed by the ac
credited representatives of this Govern
ment and Colombia, granting to the
United States, on certain conditions and
terms not inconsistent with the Spooner
law, an easement to build a canal across
the Isthmus. That convention was rat
ified by the Senate, although if all tho
Senators who voted for the Nicaraguan
mute had voted against it, it would have
failed of the two-thirds vote necessary
for ratification.
1 assume that those Senators who pre
ferred the Nicaraguan route voted to rat
ify the Hay-Herran treaty not because
they liked it, not because its terms were
satisfactory to them, for many ot
them some of these terms were notori
ously objectionable, but because they
thought it was their duty to aid the Pres
ident in carrying out the law and wilt
of the majority as it was written in that
law*. This convention was .ejected by
Colombia and for that reason became in
operative.
The President now' presents to tut
Senate another treaty, known as the.
Hay-Varilla treaty, accomplishing tin
raine purpose as the one with Colombia
which has already been ratified by the
other contracting party, and therefore
cnly needs our ratification to make it
effective. With this ratification the hos
tile interests both in this country and
abroad which have so often circumvented
our efforts to secure a canal in the past,
which perhaps brought to naught our
recent negotiations at Bogota: which,
if they had had sufficient time and warn
ing, might have defeated the negotiation
which eventuated in the treaty now under
consideration; which, should wc repudi
ate this treaty anti go to Nicaragua,
might indefinitely delay and ultimately
deteat our necessary negotiations with
that country or Costa Rica, one or both;
which sought, with sinister designs, to
lure us to Nicaragua when we were about
to go to Panama, and which now. should
we start to Nicaragua, would with like
motive seek to lure us back to Panama;
which, in divers and sundry ways,
through many and long years, nave suc
ceeded in confusing and dividing our
counsels and bringing to naught our ne
gotiations for the construction ot this
great enterprise, will have finally met
irretrievable defeat, and the last obstacle
in the way of the accomplishment oi
the long-cherished aspirations of our peo
ple for a canal connecting the tw T o oceans
will have been removed.
Shall we refuse to ratify this treaty
and enter again upon the long and weary
struggle, with all its vexations, difficult
ies, and uncertainties?
Mr. President, I do not intend to discuss
the provisions of this treaty. I am pro
hibited from doing that in open session ot
the Senate, but the treaty has been or
dered published and I think it is not im
proper for me to say, generally, in pass
ing that in nearly every way th’s treaty
is much more favorable to the people
of the United States than the one nego
t'ated with Colombia and which was rat
ified, but which failed of ratification by
the Congress of that country.
I have heard of no contention nor in
timation that Panama did not have thb
legal right to make this treaty. Some
question has been made about the author
ity of the President, under the Spooner
Act, to make it on behalf of this Govern
ipent, but rone has been made, and. in
my judgment, none can be made, to Pan
ama’s right in the premises, for when
we recognized the independence of Pan
ama, and shortly thereafter practically
all of the other great nations of the
world, including Nicaragua, her compet
itor for the canal, joined us in that re
cognition, whether that recognition was
rightful or wrongful, whether in accord
ance with international law’ or in contra
vention of it, Panama becama an inde
pendent and sovereign state, with all the
rights and powers which sovereignty im
plies, including, of course, the treaty-raak
ing power.
But. Mr. President, the opponent® of
this treaty, admitting that it is highly
favorable to us and that Panama is a
free St,*te possessed with full right to
make it. still contend that it should not
be ratified—first, because, they say, the
President had no right under the Sp»>nt*v
Act to contract with Panama for the
light of w r ay across the Isthmus, the lan
guage of that law restricting his authori
ty to negotiations for that purpose to
Colombia; secondly, because, they say,
the President unlawfully and in violation
of our treaty obligations with Colombia
incited and promoted the revolution in
Panama, and recognized her independence
in violation of the principles of interna
tional law'.
Mr. President, I can not agree, in view
bf the present ownership by Panama of
the territory to be acquired, with the
contentions that the Spooner law does
not confer upon the President full au
thority to acquire the right across thb
Isthmus from Panama. In the construc
tion of every legislative act the intent
of the law-makers and the bhjects and
purposes of the law furnish the rule for
determining its meaning.
If it had been any part of the intention
and purpose of the Spooner Act to in
directly confer a bounty upon Colombia
by buying from her a “specific thing” at
a greater price than its actual value,
then the President undoubtedly would
not have had, by virtue of the powers
vested in him by this act, authority to
buy that “specific thing” from another
who had in the meantime succeeded to
its own ownership, because that would
have contravened and defeated a material
purpose of the law*.
But it was no part of the purpose of
the Spooner Act to confer a bounty upon
Colombia; the sole object of that law
was to authorize this Government to ac
quire the right of way to construct a
canal across the Isthmus, and Colombia
was named as the nation with which the
President should negotiate for this right
solely because at that time she was the
owndr of the territory over which we
sought to acquire this right of way.
To deny to the President authority un
der this act to acquire this right of
w'ay from Panama, its present owner,
would be to hold that the letter of the
law respecting a non-essential is of more
importance than its letter respecting its
main object. It would be to defeat the
main intention of the law-makers, as
well ag the only object and purpose of
the law itself. And in that event, Mr.
President, who would be benefitted; what
public policy would be promoted by this
straied construction of that statute?
Surely wo would not be benefitted.
Surely no policy of this country w'ould
be advanced, for we have declared our
preference for- the Panama route. Col
ombia would not be benefitted, because
she no longer owns the territory, and can
(Continued on Third Page.)
PKICE FlVfe CENTS.
WILL SPEND OVER
THREEMILLIONS
Greensboro's Building
Outlook in Year 1904,
IT MEANS PROGRESS
One Corporation. The White Oak Cot
ton Mills Will Expend Two and a
Half Millions in Buildings.
House and Ma
chinery.
(Special to News and Observer.)
Greensboro, N. C., Jan. 30, 1904. —Two
weeks ago, the statement was made in
this correspondence that the outlook for
a prosperous year in Greensboro was as
sured for this year at least, owing to
the fact, including improvements already
under way, just completed or to be
erected during the year 1904, the sum ot
three millon dollars would be put in
circulation in that line alone, and this
would not embrace a single item of
strictly private expenditure such as resi
dences, etc. From letters received by
this correspondent, regarding the state
ment, it is evident that many people
have considered it extravagant. For the
purpose cf verifying it, Ihie correspond
dent, in association with Mr. J. Stuart
Kuykendall, a most intelligent and re
liable real estate dealer here, the follow
ing itemized list of such expenditures has
been prepared, of improvements already
definitely decided upon or already in pro
gress, and this not counting those that
may be undertaken at a later date during
the year. It will he seen that th? total,
instead of three millions, foots up nearer
four million dollars.
White Oak Cotton Mills with 900
operatives’ houses, 3,000 opera
tives 3,000,000
Enlarging Revolution Mills, 190
additional houses, 400 addi
tional employes 100,000
W. I. Young Cotton Mill, 600
houses, 1,500 operatives 250,000
Sisters of Charity Hospital; free 100.000
Carnegie Free Library 30,000
Improvements city streets and
waterworks 250,009
Macadamizing county roads, $70,-
000 per year for five years.... 70,000
Addition to county court house 15,000
Addition to Federal building, post
office, etc 65,000
ErecCon Methodist Protestant
College 75,000
New Lutheran church $3,000. New
Spring Garden St. Methodist
church $5,000 S,OOO
Benbow business building and
hotel annex—s story 25,000
Greensboro Furniture Company;
enlargement 10,000
Johnson and Watson Shoe Fac
tory, new building 20,000
Empire Drill Company, new busi
ness house 5,000
R. G. Glenn, brick business
block 15,000
Dr. W. A. Lash, brick whole
sale block, Davie St 15,000
G. S. Boren, brick business house
on West Washington St 15,000
John R. Cutchin, brick business
house on South Elm St 5,00)
J H. Gilliland, brick business
house on Davie St 3,090
Mrs. L. M. Kirkman, business
house on South Klin St 5,000
Making a total 0f—
53,581,000
To this sum might with propriety be
added the amounts which have to be ex
pended in rebuilding property destroyed
by fire since the first of January, which
will involve the following amounts of
cash construction:
Normal and Industrial College $60,000
Bcvill Building 5,00»>
Katz Building 6,000
$71,000
Making a complete total of $3,654,009
ANDREW JOYNER.
Tiie wife of John Hog Knight, a col
ored man who lives on Mr. R. H. Vail's
place, in Lileeville township, has pre
sented him with three children in less
than 10 months. On March 30th of last
year bho gave birth to a boy. and or
Wednesday of last week, January 20th.
she became the mother of twin boys—
Wadesboro Messenger.
If the uses of adversity are sweet there
ought to be more sugar-cured hams on the
stage.