i..
. by Tlx
lysdleatet
Th IstaraatlaBal
iHcw Ships WHlBcIifted
! ThroaghtlieCaiialBy
1 " tHe Aid ol Elec- '
tricity.
Mi m.. la flniahad- Tha
imlMt sglneering project or
history to accomplished fact
Ths predictions st the pessimist
h. trlallB4 and tha kOMI
J ef th optimist ar about to b realised
la tha success of oaa of ths gratt
comnmUl tim and money ssvsrs of
modern times. Th eltmat and pbya
leal dlnVoHJ war overcome through
tka easrgy, devotion aad skill of tha
' engineers. Tha gigaatie machinery
used was la keeping with tha bugo-
n ess. of tha talk and although a casual
observer might marvel at tbe appar
aat aaaa with which this machinery
warkad and at tha trameadoua reeulta
tt aooompllshod. yet a pnpr spprs
eteil af Ita usefulness eould only
Vbo had by knowing something about
tka maekaalam of ths-greet tools and
tmplsmenta. and tha. obstacles which
lay hidden la tha pathway or tnair
- work. ' But tha day of tha machine la
at over, aa It will play an essenttsl
part la tha aparatlon of tha waterway
aad tba mechanics of t be Canal la an
' Interesting aubjoct even to thoae who
may not kaow or appreciate the sci
entific principles underlying their ap
pMestloB. ...
i: Gigantic render Chain.
Ma veaaal will be allowed to enter
or pass through tha locks under lis
' owa steam. When a ship arrlvaa at
either the Oatun or Mlrafloree looks,
lt "b taken In charge by tba Canal
"authorities who at once-send two. rep
resentatives on board to remain, one
aa tba bridge, and tha other In the
engine room, until the ship baa passed
out of the locks. The first safety da
rlee la the hugs chains which stretch
serosa the loose. They are planed
there for the purpose of preventing a
vessel which might enter the locks too
rapidly from Jamming the gate. The
chain weighs tt.OOs pound and la cap
able of stopping a 19.000 Ion ship
wnue It la moving at me rate w ww
miles per hour. The chain Is operated
ny nyarauno raaentnery in me wa.i.
and piaya out aiow
ly by automatic re- I
Z1 I. brought to a
lease until the vessel
stop.
When a ship U ready to ontw
ths locks and hse cVma to a atop, the
chain la dropped Into lis groove In
' tbe bottom of the Canal In caae the
ship should by some means break ths
' chain, tha first rate mleht he Jammed,
but this would not affect the lock aa
ths first gate Is merely a safety device.
... "Ktectrte Maine."
'" When all Is ready for passage, the
' electrte towing locomotives, known as
; "electric mules," are attached to the
ship: two In front, ons on each wall
- lo pull 'the vessel, and two astern to
keep It in a central position and to 1
bring It to rest la the leek chamber.
Tha powerful machines are equipped
with a allp drum towing windlass aad
hawser which permits the towing line
to be paid out or taken In without I
ceerrigtn. wi.
k jut tfyJyvfe (o ?wC)ffsn CcrW(WWiAe V ' . imn n " " 1
' - Cf?rt(l.L Jt1ttw by Tb litmiilnMl Kyndliti.
With Its Oriental
Most Interesting
or
HEM the disaster of 10
swept ever the Crty of the
Ooiden Gat tt wiped out
Chinatown ao completely that
many people declared this bit of the
Orient was gon forsver. These proph
ets wer from the Kaal. tor the aativ
f aa rraacieco will never acknowl
edge himself beatea no matter how
great the calamity. Kor waa ha beat
ea la this Instance, for Chinatown waa
rote lit e tha same snot and a a
wMMk grandee scale, yet without loslag
eey ef fha eaotle coloring for which
th M rows waa ao noted. Always
mywtortou. wtMi lis weird eounds earn
1 from behind closed door, it wo.
a charm for tbe tourist not te
b found lawher In this country.
There is aa iaexphcebl fasrsnatton
aswut this odd corner ef tha California
avetroaoll where several 1 house, ad
China hv Jon as they did ia far
away Caafasa or Shaaghal.
Baaha, Tasiyhoaa ExcBauage aad '
They have tselr own banks which
hav aoaneeejoaa wHh th banks In
China, ahd th reports ef theee lastl-
rattraa show them t b In excelleot
conditio. . Their telephone
eotehaag at oa ef th wtoet artistic r
butidiaga ta Baa FYaaclac It I typl
esvUy Caatoaea both In structure aad
work lags for the switchboards ar p
erated excluaTvety by Chine glrla
who speak Kaalish aa fluently aa they
d 1hlr own bulging About tea
ssyj:' 7.7
MJuk 'is... i "'ill-' ' snic- it " ' - " .' : -i .:.- i '. 5 - f ; : . 1 ;v I
7i't: ia.-( .ter'.'ririir? "tirrr- - . . ;..,( . ' I
i" v V"? '.Im, ' IIU-hJ- -4 ' u j iii . I
ffxit I I ' ' , - - WF- , ; ,r: ,.;.fiv .i-:'-, : ,1 mm --L,iJiX. II
- at - ! ssjsaaaaaaTaasTsa-w s 71 a - a a ' - - 11 -
actual motion of the locomotive on
the track. The Vmales" when towing
operate ever center cogs and climb
from lock to lock ob rack rails.. When
tha gates awing open the vessel Is
towed lato the lock and the gate closet
behind It. The' water la then let In 1
lifting the vessel to tbe level of the j
lock abore. ' v- , ;
GalJ Machinery. I
Tha machine used for opening and
closing the gates la a simple and pow
erful mhlne. It Is the Invention of
one af the mechanical engineers In tha
employ of the comnitsston. wTo ds i
scribes It in the following- manner:
"It consists essentially of a crank
fur to which Is fastened one end of
a strut or connecting rod. the other
end of which is fastened to a lock gate.
The wheel moves through an aro of -. :
I3T degreea. closea or opens the gatel,.,. as tba opening and shutting of
leaf, according to tha direction lnja ry gmt, or door.
ttaaraket i war A mlnllfgasm. The aTTaink aTCU' !
, combination of gear and crank. I
conruct.d 0r cast steel. Is 1 feet. I
,nchM diameter, and welgha ap
' 00 nounda It is
ZZ22m ! a' horiVtaraltlo. on
,OCB lurn. OB a center
...Hel.i sa dhsa w4a Is
fjm IDIl mm BUrTiwitav w e aveaa
places by rollers. The center pin Is
keyed Into a heavy casting anchored
securely to the concrete. The crank
gear Has gear teeth on It" rim and Is
driven through a train of gears and
pinions by aa electric motor In a con
tiguous room. The motor la remotely
controlled by an operator who la sta
tioned at. a center control house near
the Tower end of the upper locks. . A
simple pull of a email switch Is suf
Afjnft ta either eloaa or ooein -a 910
Ion gate, the operation being perfectly
automatic'
A etrut anchor connects this with
the lock gate at tha top. The great
gates weighing from 100 to T10 tons
are opened and closed with as much
Architecture and Coloring It Forms the
Section of the City of
pages of the Ben Francisco telephone
book Is given over t th Chinatown
Exchange, th names and addressee
being printed In Chinese characters. .
four Chinees newapapera are print
ed la th town, and they put out bul
letins several times a day queer strip
of yellow paper covered with Caineae
leWere, resembling a huge laundry tic
ket. Street Jecsae InUreellng,
It at net the business ef Chinatown,
however, which atfracta th vieltor
It la the Chinos themselves. The
writer has aat for hours" st lhsnim"4salton their ankle. Th men.
daw ef n t the quaint tea house
f th town
apd watched the endless
throng of celeattala with a never ending-
delight.- The women and children
are, aa usual, th moot Interesting.
Few -of them hav adopted Amerieaa
clothe . aad with . their : loos black
pantaloen showing below the eMny.erlee. antique' lantern, lacquer war,
black gown, th .effect to rathor start- carved ivories. sandal wo4 (ana,
ling at drat but on soon Become used Ichina ware ef the moot exqulsit work-
t th gar.- The Chines matron ta ,
uaually a roly-poly sort at person who
wear hrr shiny black hair brvahed
hack ever th top ef her ears aad
(rtly rolked up la a knot at th back
of bar bead and fastened with a rold
pi or Jad araament-'
The childraa, many nf .whom look
a If they belong to th colored picture
books ef th days of Aladdin, play la
th streets just like little Americana
and learn alang and "bad words' with
tna sub alacrity aa da our
tor fiLl' . .,- II
w ' :' - l
I : , . i - -h,t.t' 'f-"-v-' wJi J
I Another safety device Is what la
iknown aa an emergency dam. It
! looks like a big cantilever bridge and
j la ao placed that It can be swung
mcro ,M loc entrance in a row min-
'- . " " b '
across the lock entrance In a few mln-
,4-c " T ""SLI
gic. ivin aaaaw
will bs seen that "safety first" has not
been neglected slong ths CanaL
Hydro Klertrto Station.
All the worklnge of the locka will
be manipulated by electricity, the cur
rent for all being generated at tha
hydro electric station at Uataa Spill
way. The gats control house at tha
spillway, the four substations of tha
transmission system at Oatun. Hlra.
floras. Cristobal and Balboa and the
three-lock control houses comprise tbe
principal buildings connected with the
actual operation of the canaL The big
station st Uatun Spillway shelters the
turbines which will generate the power J
for the operation or the machinery at
the locks, machine shops, dry docks.
the Golden Gate.
urchin. Many of hem are gorgeous
llttls creature with their yeilew silk
Jacket fastsned across th breast with
silk loops and their lavanda peitta
looaa tightly bound around the ankles.
Sometimes oa sees several of thess
Mlttle ahnond-yd creature toddling
taiong ansr tnir mother a perfect
picture of unconscious contentment.
The little girl, too. with their funny
broad, flat no sea aad narrow eye run
about the streets and talk la queer
hMi piping tone. They are dressed
like their mothers except their clothes
are of gsy color and they wear silver
too, lend a pc.turequ-tottla to the
ern so uncommon to the -average
American. They are garbed accord
ing to the nature of their Business
v ... Big Baesara.
The big basaare have marvelous dls-
lOiare or ortc-a-orao. . eiia. emoroMi-
manshlD. eamnhor wood chest. Clnl-
onne, fklaint, , Canton . war. kl
monaa aad Mandarin coats whlrh send
the female shoppers into ecstsrlpa.
Th drug store ar sure to attract
atteatloa for they dlnplay aueh ar-.these place t he visitor Is sur t a-th-les
as sharks' eggs, - dried toads, i counter th sidewalk she cobbler Who
sliced deer hma and other uncanny sits on a Utile bench oa th' sidewalk
remedies for disease and th casting; and mends shoes' while you wait. The
out of evil spirits more, perhaps, for i Chinese letter writer, too. alias hat
th benefit of the tourist than for
medicinal purposes, for Chinatown ha
som really excellent medical men who
pumping planu and coat handling sta
tions. In addition It will furnish light
for the Canal and tha Zone Towns aad
If desirable the power tor tha electri
fication of the rename railroad.' Tha
building on the Id side has four prin
cipal elevations, a pit for the three
1600 X. V. A. turbines, a .main Boor
mnA Ml1Ha Ttia turlttne nit ta
about si feet below the level of tha'tklrd feet wide. Standing In front
main floor and is reached by an Iron
stairway. Everything around the ma-
ehtnary must be kept clean, ao enamel -
ad bricks are used and tha least dirt
. . ... .
IS soon saown ana win ve rwinovra.
The main noor is aevotea 10 ins eiec- - -'"" m i wir r or
trloal eeulpment. The hydro electrio Just aa he may deetre. He known the
station receives Its energy from th.ect poaltion of tbe ship a. it cllmbe
water taken from Oatun Lake and dis
charged Into the lower spillway chan
nel and has a power of 1000 kilowatts.
The aubetatlona are almost aa Interest
ing as ths parent station with their
mysterious looking buttons and levers.
Her again we And the safety first as
there la a steam plant at tha Ml ra
florea Station which can be used in
the event of a failure of the hydro:
-"''.-.. S . I U II .1 f.-f.-'T. i . ' s III ';
r a .T- I . - -X l. ' 1 . 1 III
use-the same remsdle a lh Amer-J wherever Ohlnese rasid.
lean physiciaa .even If, they d d)M ' Across the street to a. fat Chinaman
play the Chinee panacea for all Uutry1ng to aell aaother Celestial a string
At one shop pills ar advertised toj of dried hrlmtMnd th two em to
cur the opium habit rJ i b hasgling over tbprlc.- A cloeer
Tea Hover Drllgtitfai, 1 j examination of th stor shews strings
ThV tei houses, however, ar aa-jof mttld brewa and whit sausages.
llghtfuT in "heir wealth of carved teak- glased Yeast duck, cake of beaa raeee
wood and their edw ef Incenea. Thar end BMH pr-pwi In- ways Uncom-
one rai elM a,..r real tea. lie rake. :
preeerved kumquata. ginger.' cendled. taaiea ar oa saie aa we.u iwi n.aa
cocmnnt .trt, iichi nuts snd all sorts men to especially fond ef cucumber
of Chtseee ewseta Coming wut of
!tida n th aMewalk sad wrttee lee-i
tors of all kinds for a. mere song. He
its a Chin- Institution and exlstsj
electrio station. V
Lock Cowtrol Board. :"w,tch w1" eut oW thPwr nMr,
Thee, great .Uctrlo house, contain . n- the passing ofj jihlp
the very latest and beat electrical m.lth.CanaUt will be necessary to lower
atrumenl. so far dsvtoed by man and j" -,' ,ender, '"dJ
are controlled by expert electrician " f r
At each of the locks a man has before " n- TT,Bt'',h1lt,0rk
him ob a table a control bocrd about ! must bo opened and closed, an
sixtv-four feet Ion. and fl. and OM. aggregate weight of more than M.000
I of thla board, the man throws th
switches, and In response to his action
' It has been eo arranged that he sees
I fender rhaina rise end fall upon
Itt k In. H - .
- - "
l-lll n ft. -.Ur wmm aa Vail
the stairway In Ita trip from the At
lantic to the Pacific
A system of Interlocked levers will
prevent him from doing th wrong
thing In handling Ills levers. This Is
arranged In such a way that certain
levers will not work except In connec
tion with others and they must be
pulled in rotation. This makes It next
to Impossible to err. but In raee some-
mon is annnia. mi ' - vv-
aad while radtshee. and the seem I j wno mmm ride horeeback. and he usu
predomlssit at the green grocer". comes in astride a broomstick.
"ticks or green sugar case ar aoia
to the children Just
a- stlcst. of
lieories root used to,- be .a favorite
-rhew- for the Amerieaa achool ehll-
Area.
. Beat Tim To Sew Town.
w"
to visit th
' Night to th beet tlm
i thing should go wrong a near by
to""-
Ons man In a building on the top
of the, center wall of the locks directs
and controls the operation In the pass
age of a ship except the movements
of the towing locomotives. He eats
. ., i v... .I.hl..ln mn.
" 11 .. ---.
,- ,, ,,- twice durlna- tha
I Jo G!t"n.' yIT - comnf.telv
, !T'L..T-!.d ".?t I
has the system been, worked out and
each movement Is so perfectly dove
tailed Into th other that aa accident
seems well-nigh Impossible.
Lighting.
' Tha lighting . of the Canal Is aa
Important Hem and thla like every
thing else is on a glgantie scale.
Rlertriclty from the Oatun Spillway
llydro-electrlo Station lights up every
rr--
417 y
inaXo -
y Ifie few CAir&torri
(town, for then th streets are unusually
j crowded and the lights from the laa
I terns hung from the balconies add a
! I welrdneea to th Oriental scene.' There
i Is ths squeaking of the .Chines violin
tand th sound of th high pitched
i vole of children singing, and ons has
an Irreslatlbl desire to fallow the
round and find out, what Is bshlnd
' these doors., Th guids who take
partlea through the town at night ar
sure tIoj gratify lh desire for they
always take ths visitor-down a pair
of steep steps into a basement where
I Chinatown's most ' famous' musiciaa
gives concerts nightly. The old China
; iman plays a number of queer instru
' j meats aad his mueits I delightful. -
The Jos house, too,' bj at Ha beet
st night.
The houses of worship hav
n external beauty, but one; Inside,
tin rvel lu rgeoue carving, brass
bowls, splendid . embroidered , altar
cloths and paraphernalia which. makes
It a ptac of wonder- . y ' 't
: ; . Theatre) Unique.
Ths theatre to unique as all th
characters are taken by men and their
T.V f! Hi
m ill
t't 0 ' I
st tempt te impersonat women to a ; tur la their queer shaped reofa. bsJas
perfect burleeque although they con-1 trade ' and lantern v lined baloonles.
elder It serious work.- .There Is e The nndercroand iiisssrri aad ths
scenery. A table will serrs for a
mountain and. a piece of wood for a
forest. All nlay have on character
rroeentlr one of the east la beheaded
;fi.r which he ret us And soiewniv
oft th, stage, The play some-
Um continue for .days and even,
! weeks.
The muelo which
continues
t,
'"r"" .h b7m""'.lf " f thof far away Chin transplanted upoa
shoer U a clatter of brass and clang-1 Amerieaa soil. -7 ' . .
tyRrst:IsSiOTm
In tie: locking System
" . ,.., . - '
part or tha Caaal wheraelactrldty ejus
be used but in towers aad beaeoas In
laaecaaatbla places eompreaaed acety
lene, dissolved, In " acetone, Jl' seed.
White lights are used throughemt aad
in order that there, msj Vaj-ajo on
fusion af lights with eae aaether and
wltk-tha llghta on shore, the baexons.
buoys and range llghta will bave ladU
vidua! charactertstlcs by crtaU ktnda
of combinations ofdasheaj with ;dark
intervale. , ; . , ' , ' ,
Tha range lights vary aooareJlB ,te
tha length, of tha range from Hkout
t to 10 candle power, the awest
powerful being those marking ta asa
channels at tha AttaatJcand Pmeifle
sntraaeea, which rs vtslble at least
twelve miles.-- i K. -" vv "
As veeeels niay paaw throusrH ths
! lacks In the wight a; peeuUsr klad of
lllumiBestioa has te be used aboa ta
lock. " Tha glaring brilliant nnstisdsd
light would . blind tha vial on the
pilot and be almost aa bad as ao light
ing at all. ' After many ieate ef lamps ,
large TnngsUa bulbs (IM Watt) were
selected. These are pUeed IimMo a
concrete tiood which serves bath aa a
shade aad reflector. CluaXered
ths concrete hood tha lamps ara)gtav
pended from brackete ; which v are
placed aear the tope of heavy eea-:
erete eolumaa. twelve aided aad ts
aiing from three and one-naif fast at
the base to oaa foot at tha top. Thlt
total height being aaoat nils tr-doar
feet-Including;, tha two foot, eoaoreU
ball at tha top. They aro sf arraajged
that en moonlight nights theer-wia
burn with only half their power, s -, ,
Clecurk) Drive) Toosj. '
AH the machinery lat the bte; ma
chine shops will be operated by, aleo
tricity and the oil pumpa-wtU have
thla same motive power. Itaay C taa'
levers used la the repair shoe will
be drive by Individual amstows. ; .
conceivable kind of work U betaa: do ,
In these shop ranglsg from Use bawd
ling of a most dslioaA watch ' apewig ,
to the overhauliBg of a. looomqttf, :
Two powerful floatlnc eraoea "msds
la Germany" ars to b aasd (of Caaal
reaulremsnts and genera!
purposes. They each aavs a i
of it ton. ; . ii- .. :.
, Barges. lighters - aad karbwr tag
will alwaya be on hand whea aeaned.
A tender for passengers and maU. la
also contemplated. , Big dry docks ar
1b th course of eoastraotioB. th mala
one being large ' enough 1 aoc omms- ,
data any vosssl : wtilch ' eaa paaa.
through tha locka. - TTharves aad sOore-
houses with aH tnBsneary sajoip-
ment for handling frctgfet ar already
In working order. - BverytMng' haa
been don on a larg eal and Ship)
caa b bandied wltho loss of ttate.
Nowhere else doss one find auch gl
gaatlo machinery yet so perfaetly Ar
ranged that aerideata .ar praettealw
Impossible., "aafety-. Is wrttUa' all
over tha mechanic . f tha Caa at.
Ing anvtia, aocompanlad by a squsln
violin. i.-'- , . - . .
Aaoesioa Wovana lat wr sstlnf- i
No write-up of . Chinatown. . aitkr
the old r th new. would be eOmplei
'without ths mention f Mr. Woag Sqa
; Vu Clemens, the Amerieaa woman.
ho marrl i a China maa wever at years
go while she was doing missionary
work la the old Chtnaiowa. The writer
met .this . tody a few. day" after, th
earthquake and fir of 1M, tt ws
a fair haired, well educated wemaa ef
refined tastes and a sistor of Kihr1
Clemen who waa at on Urn ths wif
f Howard Oeuld. She did excallaat
work -during Ihoee dark days, for had
It not bees for. her good ofocss many
of th Chines would ,havtr4 ta
death.' They have a remarkable col
lection of rellca of th Sa rra
lso fir. Ths collectida, many f therm
fraaks of th fir, forms aa intsrwsUs
study of tk eff ct t t riau
gree' of heat en dUtorant obdacta
On of them Is a milk. bottle iAe- oee
delivered at I he door n th-morlg
ef the flra It sat en. th drstp
filled with milk and became. -prey
ito th Barnes. ' Somehow ths milk; aaa
raU0 gnmt hand aad
lt,Cam eut of tn Art a perfect apl
men of Tiffany glass. ' . ' . ,
Th new CMnetewn. . built at tk
cost of million af dollars.; to practteally
complete. :Th structures while eraeiAd
ea modem Americas piano stja pre-
serve all the feature of Chtseee arc. hi
opium dena sf tha eld tows ossat t
hav vanished. Of eeura. gambllnf
goes en te a eertala extenu' but th
stifling subterranean dena ,f the eld
Iowa have not bean rebuilt. Th whit
lav traffic which -used te ftouriah
there nas been weeded cut. It to a
rtener.. better Chinatown and to th
most fascinating section- of oosmopoU-
tan Sas rnnoiM ear tt ta libs a bit
gL-r;r. aim Him :ti.Allt .. I
s
41