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TIIE NEWS AND ODSERVEH SUNDAY MOPPING, SEPTEMBER 1, 191Sw 01 COLDEOCRAP HEAP Vast Fortunes in Mineral Wastes Created by the Demands of the War Working . Over the Mine Dumps. First. Last and Only Announcement in This Paper. Sale Limited to One Week Only I 1 1 I I CRAFTS Factory-Warerooms i JJ ' By FtANK C. CARPENTER Washiagtoa, D. C This U story ef th scrap heap. It tu enee the despised part of tli earth. It kits become it chief gold miss, ami the whole world i working it. Would wt ac the prospectors looking out for (at Dockets t You have only to' opes four eyes to the things all about you, r read between the lines ef the it .. pBpraAT'f irreporta ar full of stories of salvage. Back of the. Army "ia the 8 fid if another array, going, hark lad forth and saving t lie scraps. The brokea guas. and stitnuiobiles go to the rear, th copper and ether valuable Metal ariTToadod oa trains aad taken hark for future use. Kven the. old hats, thoca and clothes are mended and usd over sgsis. The biggest repair shops l)f the "world hire been erected not far from the battlefield, aad a Isrjre part of the work id modern warfur is sav ing the waste. , The aane economy goes on at .home among those that are supplying the Army and Navy. The fry is (or sa-- 4ng snf fifernment edHcioncy. The Council nfNational Detense hss special emmittee whirh do nothing Imt study aueli matteri. They take ruff from the legs of your trousers and the pleats . from your . dnsics. TJiey piece out four shoes with fsbrirstcd uppers, to tart leather, anil eurtail your coats to MM wool. They fu meat Iran, wheat - - less aad film out estlcss dayi to save food, aud even turn up the el or lis to giv us amrt daylight. They warn ua against waste of every .description, and ask ut to hold even our pennies for thrin em nips siw linerty loans, mis work will eontiuue. while the war lists, tad it will lie demanded ly the inter Rational struggle for trade whirh is to torn when the war ends. The saving! already hav been far beyond experts tioa, and I'ncle bam ia like to pile up great reserve funis out of the scrap. , The scrap heap I write of today is that of our minerals. The subject lias been investigated by the national geo logical survey and the bureau of mines, nd much of the material in this letter centra from that source. The mineral experts tell me that the scraps are re eelring more and more attention each sy, and that a Urge part of the work of the miners and manufacturers is now - 4voted to watching the waste. Iron scrap hy the thousands of tons is be ing resmelteil in the open hearth fur aaees. Hterentype metal, lead scrap lad solder are rrsmrltcd and used, tin srrsp and tin dross are recovered and tin from ritio clippings is anved. Not long ago 1 went through the big gun shop here at Washington, where great quantities of copper, hras and bronze Ira employed in making the monster rannen and gun mounts used on our men-of-war. Every oimee of scrap ia saved and no metal whatever goes to wast. The eopper from copper paint sludge and from the ashes of brass and Copper, furnaces is separated (rom the metal In which it ia mixed and it tomes once more on the market- Oold, si'ver and platinum are being collected (rom jeweler-s' sweepings and every rkeutist saves the gold in the teeth he pulli out. The gold ia saved from the assay offices and il is not allowed to ran avsy as it did in the past. This is no of many of the mining enrrps and the banks which buy gold. I hoard of t case in the Klondike where a bank burned to the ground, and an ex-cashier got the privilege o( working over the ground where the assay office was. The result was a sma'l fortune in gold dust. Just now the scrap hunters are paying special stten'imi to platinum. They Lava been going from dentist to dentist ind buying up lint they could. The government is anxious to get all in the market. . During the past year I liiyr visited s.aav of the lamer industrial nlants of tha 1'aited Stales, and have found none whirh ia not watching its aerap heap. Corporation capitalized at tens of mil lions are spending fortunes to snv.i a few'eents in tha cot of n product, and tht old. metals and old materials are being Used over and over agsm. At of the biggest oil r fineries of the eon n try 1 found them rutting the holes ut of steel plate that had been use, I in boiler and trimming them up for service again. Not far snav was a lumber yard where they were putting np pulp mills to make paper oat of the sawdust, ind in the biggest sugar re ( saw them saying the vapor that rises from the boiling molasses and rondens rug 1t so that no sugar is lost in the tteam. At one of the biggest plants of the I'Bited Htites Hteel t'ompany they were saving the Iron dust motes that rise to the. top of the slacks of the blast furn aces. This iron dust ia so fjne that'it will float away oa the sir, aad they have to drop it into ruaaing water, where it forma into pebbles or aodule that could be smelted again. 1 have already written of tha enor mous savings of , the by products ef rake evtss, from whirh we are now getting many of our atumtioan ef war, our most valuable fertilizers and the foundations of a big dye and drug dustry which, will auk ua independent of tiermany when tke war rloees. It une'd ,"t'd be ihtt the stag that rams from the smelting of iron all Went to waste it rost a great deal to carry it away from the furnaces, and it formed un sightly mountains of refuse on tin landscape. Today at the I at plants the alag is all aared. At the great ateel mails uf Alabama 4Uey erush it to powder with huge balls of steel which re raised by a magnet, and from ths powder make Mime of the most valuable fertilizer. In the Illinois steel plant of NMith Chicago they turn the nlag into a eenient, which is used fo rthe finest concrete ships now being constructed as a part of our war bridge across the AUantie. Minimis bnrrels cement are now made from alag in one year. In addition to the iron saved at the mills, inure than ever before ia now being saved at the nifties. The richest iron mines upon earth are those about l-ako Huperiur. They are supplying the most of the steel fur the war, and for years they have been the chief foundation of American industry. They produce millious of ''tons of ore every month, and the deposits seem to be almost inexhaustible. Neverthe less they ar being most carefully mined, every little pocket aud nug get of ore ia taken out of the beds, ami the ore whirli is of a grader too low to ship is piled up outside the mines in order that it ihh.v be saved for the future. It used to be that every great gold mine had its dump or waste hean. That day has gone hy, and the dumps are being worked over for the minerals left in them. This is so not only of gold, silver and ooimrr, but also of irou . ...J I rm , ... iimi. i iip losses in eosl mining are, neyonri conception, enormous, nnd the saint) is true of coal after it gets to flu- hoines and the factories. I have written of the billions of dollar that annually go up n .al smoke,; of how we nre saving rortiiii'es by the use of by-product coke ovens, nnd hare sug gested niiiniriiwl heating plants by which our domestic coal bills could be cut down oil per .ent. If all the coal ii in i ne out unking orens were eoked in by product ovens the rarhon hvd would equal over l,(aMt,fHiO hnrne power. The loss of the coal in the mines is estimated by the experts of the geological miney as being one-third or one half as run. h as the amount taken out. Charles ! I'nrsons. one of the experts of the bureau of mines, figoies that one third of the bitumi nous ros I is lost in the mines, and that fully nne-hnlf of the anthracite is not taken out. Another expert figures that .fully ".(KMi.lHlfl.rKVI tons of anthracite and ,1,i"jn,iHiO,fHHt of bitu minous coal have been left in the ground, nnd that a large pnrt of this comes from the fact Hint the mining lisse been carelessly done. That mount of coal, at our preicnt con sumption, would last fr 0;ghT yPKrn nr more; nnd if it could br put in the market at the present prices its actual value would be more than the amount wo have already spent on the war. Much of this loss comes from pillars which have been left to support the roofs of the mines and murh from coal left in thin beds because other mines or parts of the mine rourd be more profitably worked. At the present time something like (I.IHK)1IKI ton. of snthrneite is being left behind in the mines every year. n msi in sucn a way that it cannot rerovrren. i he annual loss of bituminous coal is probably greater, the total loss of all coal deposits being r,.,,, i noniniiing me f I.IHHI.IIIIO fnr every working day in the rear. Its value is enough to build a 'structure as large and gne as our Library of Congress every week, "and to recon struct the Panama canal in less than n year and n half. The worst of it is that this ia a dead loss. A bad wheat erop can be replaced the year follow ing, but it takes thousands of years to grow one crop of e6al. ami the geological ,,eds of the crop cannot be planted by man.'l MID-SUMMER LEA RAN GET ThvrSoh'rreat annual-piane-tvent-i t-handEveryiiecond- hand and slightly-used Piano and Player-Piano; every sample and odd- style instrument; every model that will not appear ia forthcoming catalogues; every piano .returned from rental or slightly shop-wors every such instrument in our factory wars rocyns is offered. without limit or reserve. All must go. . This is the opportunity of a lifetime tn save money en a piane. Coming as it doe at the time of advancing prices soma of the values we offer in this sal are moat remarkable. Compared with the worth of the instrument compared with prices charged by. others by any comparison or test you please, these vilue are Irresistible. DonTpuoflwriting or someone else will be sure to tret the very bargain you want. j There are notuetrtjrenouglrptanos to tro-aroundr Many piano buyars throughont the South wait for this sals each year. Is writing about aay piane listed is this advertisement, mention the bargain number. Wo only list a few of the . bargains oa hand. Write us at once which of the bargains interests you or tell us about what you are lookiag for. We have just what yea want at the pries you want to pay. 1 Remember we guarantee entire satisfaction. As this sale is limited to ens week-only this is me oniy announcement tnat will appear ia Wis newspaper, it win be aosoiuteiy neces-i aary to act at once. J Aak for Bargain No. IS (tCC HARDMAN pDD Good Piano Rosewood rase; old style but in fair shape : surprisingly good tone; guaranteed 1U years; a big bargain. Ask far Bargain No. 41 E M E R S O N. Good Upright Full 71-3 octaves; very good condition j ton sweet as ever; worth double; fully guaranteed. $75 Ask for Bargais) Ne- NEW SAMPLE $500 Upright Very finest mahogany; full em pire top; new sample 1919 model; beautiful singing tons. $310 Ask for Bargain No, IS OAC REMINGTON Ps4UJ Mahogany Upr't Rented to private family very short time; aot to b told from ew. $365 Ask far Bargain Ne. S PLAYER-PIANO Perfect Condition Tone and action all that could be deaired; has latest improved festures for artistie playing fwith music roll. Very fine. Art-O-Craf t Reproducing Piano This master instrument operates electrically snd perfectly reproduces the playing of the greatest living musicians such artists as I'aderewski, Hoffman. Ilnsoni, Iicsehetiiky. It would be impossible to command the talent of such great musicians money could not secure a performance by any of them and yettfour Art-O-Crafts Reproducing Piano enables you to hear the actual pluying of any or all of them whenever you wish to hear them- in the privacy of your home. This instrument marks the perfection of the I'iano as a mean of home entertainment and as an aid to the music pupil, for vim would nut grasp the opportunity of hcarnig the master pianists playing as a guide to correct interpre- 61 ?C(Tf tnt.on. Price eJlfaWU CUSTOMERS' PROTECTION BOND This bond which e give with every Crafts Piano we sell sus pends payments during sickness of the purchsser and cancels all unpaid balance in the event of death. It is one of the most lilicml provisions ever made and doea not add a penny to the cost of your I'iano if bought from Crafts. ' EXCHANGE PRIVILEGE Any used or second hand Piano bought In this sale may be eichanged within two years st full purchase price toward any new CRAFTH CABINET GRAND FIANO at regular list prices. This ia evidence that all the ised Tianoa we offer for sals are good instruments snd just as represented. TRADES AND EXCHANGES We will take any old Piano, Organ, Talking Machine or other musical instrument in part payment on a Piano or Player Piano and allow fall value. Extra Special 5 $750 PLAYER-PIANOS One of the best-known makes, with Transposing device and all new fea tures; elegant mahogany; one of finest instruments made; fully guaranteed; 12 . music rolls free ; customers making pay ments regularly will receive 2 Rolls each month during the first year; handsome -bench to match and scarf included free; any terms of payment within reason ac cepted; your old piano or other musical Instrument will be taken in exchange : it will be years 'before this value can bo matched. TP $545. Easiest Payments During this great sale we will allow any terms of pay ment within reason. Payments as low as 92 and 13 a month will be accepted on some Pianos. We want to make it easyjis possible, for ss many homes as possible, to have music, which means more to home life now than ever before. Bargains! Bargains! In All Department 1 VICTROLA TT",' VY'J "7:i$4ft Records inclnded, oq.lyP?0 Columbia Braphophsnt- Nearly new; big model ;( Records included, at..vOO Very Easy Payments. 500 Player-Piano Rolls at '8 Price. $1;25 5 Rolls Only . . Postpaid to any address (boies slightly shop-worn). Indbaola. Mr Daddr Star. Italian Kara! March. Just Like WuhtnstM Crossed th DelawarsL Our Sanmisa. Nora. Whsa taw Busl Sotta,sd. Ha Loos-. Bon. tht Bt of Frirnaa Must Part. There'll Can s Tim, CoUr. Do Your Little BHrr-BH. Some Day They're Coming Horn AsiD Belgium. Dry Your Tsars. Just for Tonisht. Chatr Up. Mother. Call Me Thin Own. The Days When We Wen Young. Just a Word of Hympatiir. Somewhere in Ireland. Sunbonnet Qsyi. 12 Roll for ...... $3.25 Postpaid to any address j, new, perfortly fresh rolls., I Found Yon A in sua the Rosea. 0 Dry Those Tears. 1 Know That Mr Redeemer Uv, eta. J In the Sweet Long A so. . It's Not Your Nationality. America, Will Foreswr Ba. 1 Knew That I (lot More Thaa Mr Snare. Juat One Day. In Florida Amonf the Palma. 'Neat toe KU. Juet the Kind of a GlrL Melody of Love. My Little China Doll. I've Got the Senetast Ctrl la Maryland. Mother's All I Care for New. Hhadea ef Nitht. Lily of the Valley. a Gypey Ixm Sons. Throw Me a Koae. Won't Yea Rend a Letter ta Me. Smile and Shew Your Dimple. The above are only a partial list. State your desire and ws will send the nearest thing we have. Nevertheless,, we sre saving niore and more every year -fronvlie scrap hesn of coal. We are gettingS greater fuel isltie out of that we burn in the furnaces, and s,re saving vastly by using the coal dust and recovering the waste that formerly went out wnn ine smnae. There are half doren coal companies now a which HITS THE SPOT SAFE ABSOLUTELY Sc AT FOUNTAINS 10c 25c AND 50c EOTTUS SO FREE MUSIC LESSONS We have arranged with one of the lead ing rtohools of Mtiaie. of the country to give Mnsie I-essons free to every 'pur chaser of a Crafts Cabinet (irand Piano.j- A. J. Crafts Piano Co. FACTORY WAREROOMS, 218-220 NORTH 2nd St., ' , : ' RICHMOND, VA. Sign and Mail the Coupon Today A. J. CrafH. Presides!. A. J. Crarto Plana Ce.. Rltssnad. Vs. Dear Sta--Vee way mmt Sarsala LW ef Plaeea Is year Bis Asaaal Clearstea Sale aad ISIS seta. nmj et see Omftl CaSlaet Srasd Plsse. t and He. . . . Teaa aad Stats .1 i I I . nmke eiinipment for burning pn.ver ired coal ia aiispcni(,n rul 19,5 there was burned in the Vn ted States about I,1,(HI0,(KK1 tons of such coal. Much of this was used in the l'ort land cement industry, where the powdered fuel is employed in burning the cement ia rotary kilns; snd a Inig.' part in the reduction works of the copper mines of the '.vest. 1'ow dered cosl is now used in open hearth pudding fnrpsces. Bymeansof t he new equipment' the cheap lignite coal, when pulverired, can be efficiently burned and our vast low grade de posits thus can be brought -to. the use of the nation. We ares aving tens of millions of dollars a year from the scrap heaps of the oil wells. The total value of the oil and gas produced in 1iH was more thst KXOrti,000, and the waste amounted to about one-siith of that sum. We are doing far better now. We sre watching the leaks, plugging the gs wells with mud so thst wo are able to hold back the gas and sliil get out the oil; and we are rising the crsrkinf; processes by which we get 200 per rent more gasoline out of crude oil than ever bsjfore. The bureaus of mines estimates that Ok lahoma has saved more thaa tlS.OOO, 000 worth of natural gaa ia one year. Other great changes are taking place in the' oil industry. Kerosene was oare the chief product, and im mense quantities of the lighter and heavier parts of the oil were thrown away. Now, with the advent of the automobile, the electrie light and the proper understanding of lubrication, almost all of the crude oil is used and nothing is wasted. Vrom the oil we t?'t, gn, gasoline, naphtha, bentlne and kerosene. A large part of it goes into lubricating prodiicis, the wastes go into road materials, rooting . and nil things needing asphalt or pitch. Kerosene has become a ' secondary product and gasoline leads. Many thousands of gallons of gnsoline are daily made from gas wells. It used to be that gold ore had to yield ten dollars and upward ' a ton to pay for mining, transportation and smelting. Today a large part of the gold of the world comes front ere that was ones thrown away. During aay recent trip to Alaska I visited the Treadsell mines, whers about $t)HV (KK) worth of gobjl hss been taken out of rocks that averaged only t'lA'i a ton. Nearby are mines where they were mining ore thst averaged less than II JO - a ton, and over the moun tains in the Klnndiko valley I found them working over the scrap snd pick ing out of the boulders gold that averaged only twenty-eight cents per ton. By means of half million dollar dTeilgenhcy- wprw nptBrning- theeet and rock to a depth of forty or fifty feet, and it was costing less than ten cents a ton to get the gold nut. At the asms time they are reworking the creeks which produced the great fortunes of Dawson snd are saving as much gold as was mined during the freat stampede of that country. Ws are now recovering immense values in the shape of copper and rinre. Hince the rise in the price of these metals the world 'has been sav ing the scraps. Copper wire is now gathered by the thousands of tons from old electric systems and plant, aad the insulation burned off. Then the wire is remelted and cast again into wire or ingots or bars. Brass. and hrnnre, such a are f otMrd- 1 4k bases of electrie lamps, brasa and copper trimmings and shavings, cartridge shells and old pipes commsnd a ready sale ia the junk market, and we get copper also from the molding ssad of brass foundries, from the ashes of brass furnaces snd from flue dust. Much of tha eopper wast is briquet ted aud then treated in , the copper blast furnace, yielding an r.llov of about 86 per rent eopper. This is re fined, but there sre other metals lost in the fumes. There is a single smell ier nesr New York thst recovers from junk ten million pounds of eopper a year. . A vast deal of copper which former ly floated away in tke waters from the smelter and (oqcentrating plants is now being saved. Now the water ia carried over troughs half filled with wrap iron, and the copper goes out of the water and sticks to the iron. Krery two "weeks or so the scrap is taken ent of the troughs and the cop oat hnuhed or scraped off into bar rels, sfter which the iron goes back (o gather eopper again. Millions of pounds of copper are saved ia that way every year. It is estimated that TiO.OOO.OOO worth of eopper went out with the tailings from certain low grade copper mines of the Kockies in 1914. They are now putting np leaching plants to save this. The Vtah Copper Company has leaching grounds covering 6,000 seres; and there is one copper mine in Michigan which -foe-fifty yeara-ha.-boenpour-ing its tailings into I,ke l.iaden. During that time it is estimated that more than 40,000,000 tons of tailings have gone into the lake, and that these tailings contain something like 40,fX)000 pounds of eopper, which at present like 1200,000,000. They are trying to recover these values; leach ing plants hsre been constructed and the lake ssnds are being worked over. At the present speed it will take them forty years to handle the eopper sand now in the lake. Much of the world's copper now mined is of a very low grade. With the methods of the past it would have stayed in the ground, but it is now gotten out at a profit -and the owners of t..j stwkare receiving big dm (lends. There are flvt copper mining companies in Arizona, Nevada and I'tah which have blocked out almost 600,000.000 tons of ore Containing eop per which runs only 1.7 per eent. The whole includes more than 10,000,000 tons of metallic copper, and three fourths of this will be recovered. The copper from" that .source alone is enough to supply our home needs at the normal rate of consumption for thirty years.. Rinea the war began the price of sine has leaped to the skira. Zinc, united with copper, makes brass, and brass is used by the hundreds of thou sands of tons in arms and munitions of war. Along ia 1913 tine was sell ing from 10O to 1130 a ton, and by 191A the prices had risen to from more than 1300 to over SfiOO a ton. In the former year we 'produced about 315,000 tons and the output last year was almost double as great. Now not -enly-sre we -working -our mines to the full, bnt we sre getting" far vara sins awl t the area, W a axs working lower grade , ore and saving some of the losses of the smelting and concentration plants.' We are trying to sars the line found in com bination with lead and copper; and are gathering up all the zine scrap ws can find and using it over again. Before the war began three-fourths of all the spelter or nine output of Europe came from Germany, Austria and Belgium, and the Allies hsd to de pend for their zinc slmost wholly noon th smelters of -the United eUates, They soon- exhausted ths supply ws had on hand and this caused the open ing up of thousands of smsli rlnc smelters In Missouri and Kansas whirh had been abandoned on account of the low prices of the metal and the high prices of fuel. In Kansas and Okla homa gas smelters were put into use, and at the close of 1915 the nine was coming from more than 150,000 retorts and about 50,000 or more were under construction. . By these means we have been able to supply all the tine needed, and shall have enough while the war lasts. We shall save also a la r ire amount of the waste. The ainc dross from the galvanizing of iron ia now re turned to ths tine smelters and re distilled, and zine is taken from the galvanized scrap and saved. A great loss occurs in the zine oxide used for Ailing in sntotnobile tires, and also from that which goes into paint. We use something fiks 40,000,000 pounds of tine for tires every year. , Our experts are trying to save tht waste at the brass furnaces, where a great deal of tine goes out with the smoke, and where something like 2, 000,000 pounds a year is lost from the ashes. It is estimated that 7,500 pounds of tine float away on the air every day from the stacks of the braes-casting shops at Waterbury, Conn. 1 Among the other important metals of our national scrap healp is tin. We have practically no tin in this country outside of Alaska and certain small de posit ia Texas and Houth Dakota. Our total product isonly a few fhindred tons per annum, whereas our 4mpnrts amount to thousands of tons. They corns from ia and about tha Malay pen-1 insula, and, just now, especially from Bolivia through the Tanama Canal We use tin for tinplate, and other purposes where it is necesaary to hav a thin coat on iron or steel to keep it from rusting. A tin can when new has only about 2 per cent of tin oa it, and when it goet to the sersp heap it has not much more than half that amount. They ' are now trying to aave this tin from the scrap by using certain chemicals and then recovering the metallic tin eTeetre4ytTealryITbe.r ara also recov ering some tine from tha dross or waste" of our tinplate factories, and soma of the latter are even working over tha dump heaps of past years. One com pany is considering tearing down it buildings erected upon such accumula tions to get out the tin from the waste. (Copyright, 1918. by Frank O. Carpenter.) "Say It With Flowers'1 The seasonable flowers now ara Roses in all colors, Asters ta all colors. Easter Ijllies and Bnap dragon. Ws ara always prepared to All your orders promptly Oar BasJaess Is Growing. J. L. O'QUINN & CO. florists Baleigh, N. C. Phone 149 MULTIGRAPHED LETTERS Aay QnsaUty - Law la Prlea ca a sou at 4 littcr wniTma et. c. a. test, bw-h aaMek. a. a.
The News & Observer (Raleigh, N.C.)
Standardized title groups preceding, succeeding, and alternate titles together.
Sept. 1, 1918, edition 1
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