North Carolina Newspapers

j$H Ojlhafham Record. Cttt H. A. LONDON, Jr., EDITOR AND 1'KOPRIETOlt. OF ADVERTISING. TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION: One square , oue insertion. One square, two insertions,- - One square, ono month, - fl.OO - 1.50 2. SO One cr one year, -Oneeoiy ,sU montlit Oue cop', three months. J2.00 1.00 .50 VOL. I. PITTSPOEO', CHATHAM CO., N. C. JANUARY 23, 1879. NO. 19. For larger advertisements liberal contracts will I made. LARGEST STORE LARGEST STOCK Cheapest Goods & Best Variety CAN BE FOUND AT LONDON'S CHEAP STORE. Sew Goods Receiyed eyerr Weet. You can always find what yon wish at Lon don. He kccpn tvorjthlng. Dry Goods, Clothing, Carpeting, Hardware, Tin Ware, Drugs, Crockery, Confectionery Bhoes, Boot, Caps, Hats, Carriage Materials. Sewing Machines,011s, Putty, Glass, Paints, Nails, Iron, Plows and Plow Castings, Sole, Upper and Harness Leathers, Saddles, Trunks, Satchels, Shawls, Blankets, Um brellas, Corsets, Belts, La dles Neck-Tics and Ruffs, Ham burg Edgings, Laces, Furniture, &c. Best Shirts in the Country for $1. Best 5-ceut Cigar, Chewing and Smoking Tobacco, Snuff, Salt and Molasses. My Hock is always complete in every line, and goods always sold at the lowest prices. Special inducements to Cash Buyers. My motto, "A nimble Sixpence is bettti than a slow Shilling." fcSfAll kinds of produce taken. W. L. LONDON, Pittsboro', N. Carolina. H. A. LONDON, Jr., Attorney at Law, PITTSBORO', X. C. I-Special Attention Paid to Collecting. J. J. JACKSON, AT TORNEY-AT-LAW, PITTSBORO', X. C. tWMX business entrusted to him will ro cjivtj prompt attention. R. H. COWAN, DEALER IN Staple & Fancy Dry Goods, Cloth ing, Hats Boots, Shoes, No tions, Hardware, CROCKERY and GBOCERIES. PITTSBORO', IT. C. NORTH CAROLINA STATE LIFE INSURANCE CO., OF RALEIGH, . CAR. P. H. CAMERON. President. W. E. ANDERSON. VU fra W. H. HICKS, Sec'y. The only Home Life Insurance Co. in tho State. All Its fund loaned out AT HOME, and among our own people. We do not Bend North Carolina money abroad to build up other States. It is one of the most successful com panies of Its age in the United States. Its as set are amply sufficient. All losses paid promptly. Eight thousand dollars paid la the list two years to families in Chatham. It will cost a man aged thirty years only five cents a day to iusure for one thousand dollars. Apply for further information to H.A. LONDON, Jr., Gen. Agt. PITTSBORO', N. C. Dr. A. D. MOORE, PITTS BOKO', K. C, Offers his professional serrices to tie cltiseus o( Chatham, with an experience uf thirty year lis hope to five eiittr tmliafaction. JOHN MANNING, Attorney at Law, PITTSBOBO', N. C, Practice In the Courts ot Chatham, Harnett, Moore and Orange, and ia the 8apremeaud Federal Court. O. S. POE, Dealer in Dry Goods, Groceries It General Merchandise, All kinds of Plows and Castings, Baggy Materials, Furniture, ate. PITTSBORO', N. CAB. RING OUT WILD BELLS. TENNTSON. Ring out wild bells, to the wild sky, The flying cloud, the frosty light ; The year is dying in the night ; Ring out wild bells, and let him die. Ring out the old, ring in the new, Ring happy bells, across the snow The year is going, let him go, Ring out the false, ring in the true. Ring out the grief that saps the mind, For those that here we see no more ; Ring out the feud of rich and poor. Ring in redress to all mankind. Ring out a 6lowly dying cause, And ancient forms of party strife ; Ring in the nobler modes of life, With sweeter manners, purer laws. Ring out the want, the care, the sin, The faithless coldness of the times ; Ring out, ring out my mournful rhymes, But ring the fuiler minstrel in. Ring out false pride in place and blood, The civil slander and the spite ; Ring in the love of truth and right, Ring in the common love of good. Ring out old shapes of foul disease, Ring out the narrowing lust of gold ; Ring out the thousand wars of old. Ring in the thousand years of peace. Ring in the valiant man and free, The larger heart, the kindlier hand ; Ring out the darkness of the land, Ring in the Christ that is to be. THE OLD AND THE NEW. 1878 1879. Our years we number, one by one. Scarce thinking how, as they are flying, Each moment marks a year begun, Each moment marks a year that's dying. The years that come, the years that go, liie lives that end, the lives beginning, Are strewn along the twelve-month's flow, Each with its share of grace or sinning. Whatever hour the clock may toll In which you, reader, see this greeting, Is New Year for a new-born soul And Old Year for a soul that's fleeting. And life, however long its span, Is scarce a year, and not a true one, Unless it end as it began, The old year pure as was the new one. THE BEST WIFE. ' The best little wife in the world!" said Herbert Ainscourt. Of course I dare say," responded Mr. Portcrossl "But what's your exact idea of the best wife in the world ? Jones says he's got the best wife in the world, because she keeps his stockings darned, takes him to church three times of a Sun day, and never lets him have an idea of his own. Jenkins says he's got the same identical article; but Jenkins's wife keeps all the money, draws his salary for him, and makes him live in the back kitchen because the parlor is too good for the family use." "Oh! but Daisy isn't a bit ogreish a little, submissive, soft-voiced thing, that hasn't an idea except what is reflected from me. I tell you what, old fellow, I'm master of my own house; I come when I please, and go when I please. Daisy never ventures on a word of re proach." ' Then you ought to be ashamed of your self, larking around at the clubs as you do, dissipated bachelor fashion?" "Ashamed! what of?" "Why, I suppose you owe some duties to your wife ?" "Where's the harm? My wife doesn't care." "Probably you think so because she is quiet and submissive; but if she were to object " "Object! I'd like to hear her try it." "Now, look here, Ainscourt, your wife may be a model wife, but you certainly are not a model husband. People are be ginning to talk about the way you neglect that pretty little blue-eyed girl." "I'll thank people to mind their own business. Neglect her, indeed! Why, man, I love her as I love my own soul." Then, why don't you treat her as if you did ?' "Oh, come, Portcross, lhat question just shows what a regular old bachelor you are. It won't do to make too much of your wife, unless you want to spoil her." Mr. Portcross shook his head. "That sounds selfish. I don't like the ring of that metal." And he went away, leaving Mr. Ains court to finish his game of billiards at leisure. "What a regular old fuss-budget Port cross is," laughed the latter. "Always poking his nose into somebody else's busi ness. There's one comfort I never pay any attention to what he says." Meanwhile Mrs. Ainscourt was sitting alone in her drawing-room, her too little white hands locked tightly in one an other, and her fair head slightly droop inga delicate little apple-blossom of a woman, with blue, wistful eyes and curly flaxen hair, looking more like a grown up child than a wife of twenty -one sum mers. "Oh, dear!"' signed Daisy. "It is so dull here. I wish Herbert would come home. lie never spends any time with me now-a-days, and I practice all his fa vorite songs, and read the newspapers, so I can talk about the things he's interested in, and try so hard to be entertaining. It's very strange." And then her oval face brightened into sudden brilliance, and the sparkles stole into her eyes; for the quick ear had detec ted her husband's footsteps on the stairs. The next moment he came in. "Well, pet, how areyou?" with a play ful pinch of her cheek. 'There are some bonbons for you. Where are mv light gloves?" "Oh, Herbert ! you are not going away again?" "I must, Daisy. There are a lot of fel lows going to drive to High Bridge, and I'm one of the party. You can go over to my mother's for dinner, or send for one of your friends, or something. There, good bye, pu9s, I'm in a deuce ef a hurry." And with one careless kiss pressed on the quivering damask rose of a mouth that was lifted up to him, he was gone. Daisy Ainscourt neither went to her mother-in-law, nor sent for one of her girl friends. She spent the evening all alone, pondering on the shadow which was fast overgrowing her life. "What shall I do?" thought the little, timid, shrinking wife. "Oh, what shall I do?" But, child as she was, Daisy had a strong, resolute woman's heart within her, nor was she long in coming to a de cision. "Daisy," said her husband to her the next day, "you haven't any objections to my attending the Orion Bal Masque ?" "Are masked balls nice places, Her bert?" "Oh, yes, everybody goes; only I thought I'd pay you the compliment of asking you whether you disapproved or not." "Can I go with you?" "Well ahem not very well this time, Daisy. You see, Mrs. Fenchurch really hinted so strongly for me to take her, that I couldn't help it." "Very well," assented Daisy, meekly, and Herbert repeated within himself the psean of praises he had chanted in Mr. Portcross's ear: "The best little wife in the world!" But, notwithstanding all this, Mr. Ainscourt was not exactly pleased, when at the selfsame Ball Masque, during the gay period of unmasking, he saw his wife's innocent face crowning the pic turesque costume ofa Bavarian peasant girl. "Hallo!" he ejaculated, rather ungra ciously, "you here?" 'Yes," lisped Daisy, with a girlish smile. "You said everybody went! And, oh. Herbert, isn't it nice?" Mr. Ainscourt said nothing more, but Mrs. Fenchurch found him a' very stupid companion for the remainder of the eve ning. He was late at dinner the next day; but, late as he Avas, he found himself more punctual than his wife, and the solitary meal was half over before Mrs. Daisy tripped in, her cashmere shawl trailing over her shoulders, and her dimpled cheeks all pink with the fresh wind. "Am I behind time? Really, I am so. sorry! But we have been driving in the park, and " "We! Who are we?" growled her husband. "Why, Colonel Adair and I the Colonel Adair that you go out with so much. '' "Now, look here, Daisy!" ejaculated Mr. Ainscourt, rising from the table and pushing back his chair, "Adair isn't ex actly the man I want you to drive with." "But you go everywhere with him!" "I dare say but you and I are two different persons." "Now, dear Herbert," interposed Daisy, willfully misunderstanding him, "you know I never was a bit proud, and the as sociates that are good enough for my hus band are good enough for me. Let me give you a few more oysters." Ainscourt looked sharply at his wife Was she really in earnest, or was there a mocking undercurreut of satire in her tone ! But he could not decide, so artless was her countenance. I'll talk to her about it sometime, was his internal decision. "Daisy," he said, carelessly, when din ner was over, "I've ask old Mrs. Barberry to come and spend the day with you to morrow." "Oh, have you? I'm sorry, for I am engaged out to-morrow." "You! Where?" "Oh, at Delmonico's. I've joined a Women's Rights Club, and we meet there to organize." The deuce take women's, rights!" ejaculated the irate husband. "Of course Idoa't believe in them, but it's the fashion to belong to a club, and such a nice place to go evenings. I am dull here evenings, Herbert." Herbert's heart smote him, but he an swered resolutely: "I beg you will give up this ridiculous idea. What do women want of clubs V "What men do, I suppose." "But I don't approve of it at all." "You belong to three clubs, Herbert." That's altogether a different matter." "But why is it different?" "Hem why? because of course any body can see why it's self-evident." "1 must be very blind," said Mrs. Ainscourt, demurely, "but I confess I can't discriminate the essential differ ence." Herbert Ainscourt said no more, but he did not at all relish the change that had lately come over the spirit of Daisy's dream. She did change, somehow. She went out driving, here, there, andevery where. He never knew when he was certain ofa quiet evening with her; she joined not only the club, but innumerable societies for a thousand and one purposes, which took her away from home almost continu ally. Mr. Ainscourt chafed against the bit but it was useless. Daisy always had an excuse to plead. Presently her mother-in-law bore down upon her, an austere old lady in black satia and a chestnut-brown wig. "Daisy, you are making my son wretched." "Am I?' cried Daisy. "Dear me I hadn't an idea of it! What's the trouble?" You must ask him yourself," said the mother-in-law, who believed sensible old lady in young married people's set tling their own difficulties. "All I know is the bare fact." So Daisy went home to the drawing room, where Herbert lay on the sofa pre tending to read, but in reality brooding over his troubles. "What's the matter, Herbert?" said Daisy, kneeling on the floor beside him, and putting her soft, cool hands on his fevered brow. "The matter? Nothing much, only I am miserable," he sullenly answered. "But why?" she persisted. "Because you are so changed, Daisy." "How am I changed ?" "You are never at home; you have lost the domesticity which was, in my eyes, your greatest charm. I never have you to myself any more. Daisy, don't you see how this is embittering my life ?" "Does it make you unhappy?" she asked, softly. J You know it does, Daisy." "And do you suppose I liked it, Her bert? ' 4 'What do you mean !" he asked. "I mean that I passed the first year of my married life in just such a lonesome way You had no 'domesticity.' Clubs, drives, billiard playing, and champagne suppers engrossed your whole time. I, your wife, pined at home alone." But who didn't you tell me vou were unhappy?" J "Because you would have laughed at the idea, and called it a woman's whim. I resolved, when wre were first married. to fritter away neither time nor breath in idle complaints. I have not complained; 1 have simply followed your example. If it was not a good one, whose fault was that? Not mine, surely.' 'No. Daisy, not yours." "I don't like this kind of life," went on Daisy. 4 It is a false excitement a hollow diversion; but I persist in it for the same reason, I suppose, that you did because it was the fashion. Now tell me, Her bert, whether you prefer a fashionable wife, or Daisy? ' "Daisy a thousand times Daisy!" "But Daisy can't get along with a theatre-going, club-living husband." "Then she shall have s husband who finds his greatest happiress at his own hearthstone whose wife is his dearest treasure who has tried the experience of surtace and hnds it unsatisfactory. Daisy, shall we begin our matrimonial career anew?" And Daisy's whfepered answer was, "Ves." "But what must you have thought of me all this time? she asked him, after a little while. "I know what I think now." "And what is thtt?" "I think," said" Mr. Ainscourt, with emphasis, "that yu are the best wife in the world." THE ECONOMIC FUTURE QF ENGLAND. Nothing coulc better illustrate the depth of the anxiety under which the public mind in England is laboring than the following appeal" to the Min istry, which we fird in the last number of the London Economist, a paper which seldom indulges in pathos of any sort: "And now we will venture to make a direct appeal to aei Majesty's Gov ernment. They knew how terrible and far-reaching the piesent depression of English trade is. "hey know how largely this depression is due to the political uncertainties of the times. They know how many men in business have been holding on by the Very skin of their teeth in the lope that the Congress of Berlin would bring about a radical and permaneit settlement of the Eastern Question. They know that, so far from the settlement there arrived at being either radical or per manent, It lias from tin first been dis regarded by commercial Europe, and has had absolutely nc influence in im proving the state of .rade. If, know ing all this, they go on clinging to the letter of a Treaty froia which the spirit has departed, r, rather, into which the spirit has never entered, they w ill be respomible for all that happens in consequeice. To some ex tent, at all events, t is still in their power to cast aside the illusions under which the Berlin Treaty was drawn up, and to replace the useless pro visions then enacted by a settlement more worthy of the nafne. They can themselves come forwaid to undo the division of Bulgaria, instead of leaving it to be done withouc theni. They can themselves take (are that Bulgaria thus constituted shall in some measure be withdrawn from Russian influence, and taught, however late and however imperfectly, to look etsewtere than to Russia for help which may ensure and develop its autonomy." The "illusion," or rather the as sumption, under which the Berlin Treaty was drawn up was that the Turks are a people who eagerly desire, and are fully competent, to reform their Government; and no. only this, but that their Governmenthas been of late and is now so good thtt any signs of discontent shown by tht Christians who live under it are and nust be due to the instigation of "Russnn agents," and the work of what Lorl Beacons field calls "the secret socieies." It is this assumption which has fed him into the monstrous undertaking of regen erating the Mussulman word at a mo ment when English industry has en tered on what will probablj prove the most critical period in its existence a period, too, which may not pass away without working serious modifications both in English Government and so ciety. It would be very rash to pre dict, however, as some haTe begun to do, that the crisis will leare England greatly diminished in strenjth and in fluence. All comparisons, such as Mr. Gladstone suggested in his late article, between her and Venice or Genoa or Holland, leave out of ac count the fact that none of these States declined until either their ma terial resources had been exhausted or the character of the people had lost its vigor and enterprise, either through the corruption of the Government or through a general break-down of morals. Nothing could well seem more hopeless than the condition of the British Empire at the close of the American war, and yet niae years of Pitt prepared it for the astonishing and successful twenty years' struggle with France. But in 1815 the pros pect certainly seemed gloomier than ever. The oligarchy which had ruled the country from 1688, and which the shifting of population and growth of industry had made more oligarchical than ever, had loaded it with a pro digious debt of $4,000,000,000, to be borne by a population of only 11,000, 000, whose commerce and industry was still but trifling. The administration, too, was honeycombed with jobbery in all its departments, and the working class was furious with suffering. Out of this slough, which to many of the acutest observers seemed hopeless, the nation rose, during the seventeen years between the close of the war and the passage of the Reform Bill, how ever, with astonishing rapidity, ac complishing reforms ot various kinds, such as, perhaps, have never been ef fected in any other country without revolution and bloodshed. The re covery could probably not have been effected bv the old ruling class; but it was not all luck that created the great middle class which took charge of the national aflairs after the passage of the bill, and which during the succeeding forty years created the prodigious commercial and manufacturing pros perity which seems to have culminated in 1873. No such class exists in any country through a happy accident. The religion, laws, traditions, manners and history all combine to nr. Jn it and make it ready for its work, and these agencies have certainly not lost mcir lurce sinte 1832. Un the con trary, tne elements of vigor and enter prise ana audacity in the national character seem just as strong to-dav as ever. J But it must be admitted that the English middle class, when they came to the front, and laid the foundation of me nuge iabric ot industry which just "wy occrns in serious pern, nad re sources which they seem to have ex hausted. It was not simply that they began the race in possession of great woi auu iron news lying side by side. They were the first to take up the steam-engine seriously and turn it to account in railroads and navigation Down almost to 1860 there was a wide spread feeling all over Europe that a steam engine needed an Englishman to manage it. As soon as the neces sity of railroads began to be felt, too, the Continental nations had to order them of Englishmen, and England supplied the iron and machinery for them. Their great command of the means of locomotion gave them the first access to out-of-the-way markets, such as India and China, and the first chance to colonize remote regions, such as Australasia and South Africa. The result has been half a century of steady and unprecedented material growth, accompanied with correspond ins improvement in the structure of the Government, which is probably unequalled to-day in the success with which scientific methods are made to work through popular forms. This brilliant stage has, however. evidently reached its termination. A considerable proportion of the markets by which its prosperity has been main tained the cotton and iron is irre trievably lost. The civilized world, for instance, will never again build railroads with the rapidity it has hith erto built them, because the great trunk lines are made, and nothing will hereafter be needed but lateral feeders. Then, too, the improvement in the government on the European continent, and the growth of indus trial dexterity and enterprise every where, have spread manufactures over a vast area previously devoted in the mam to agriculture, bo that it is hard to avoid the belief that we are tncssing a serious and permanent check to the material growth of the empire, which will call for a readjust ment of its economic and political ma chinery, the nature of which it would be impossible as yet to forecast, though it would be exceedingly rash to say that the nation is not mentally and morally equal to the task, or that it will all ot a sudden resign its posi tion among the leading political and commercial States. Some of the pro bable features in this readjustment are already foreshadowed. Dense as the population of England now is, and large as is the proportion of it which is withdrawn Irom agriculture, the profits of farming have been already so se riously affected by the growing com petition of Russia and the United States that there arc signs of a serious fall in rents, which must generally af fect the fortune and habits of the landed aristocracy. According to the latest accounts, there are in some dis tricts signs of a panic among land lords of the difficulty of letting their farms to men with capital enough to work them, and the difficulty of getting even the present holders to keep them. The decline of manufactures and di minished purchasing power of the artisan class must, of course, increase this tendency, and perhaps force land lords, as one paper suggests, either to work their lands themselves, as the Prussian landholders do, or rent them on terms which would virtually give the farmer the fee. How little margin is left to the landlord already may be inferred from the fact that but few estates pay more than two or three per cent, on the purchase money. The great accumulations of popu lation in the iron and cotton districts must inevitably, if the depression proves permanent, be got rid of by organized emigration, such as gave the Australian Colonies their first start. Public opinion would not tolerate now, as it tolerated half a century ago, the lapse of large bodies of men into pauperism, and the present parlia mentary constituency is a much more dangerous one on such subjects than any which has previously existed in England. That capital would go abroad in greater masses than ever on the heels of population and manufac turers there is little question; and it would go, not to the countries with the finest natural resources, for in these Central Africa is very rich, but to those in which it would enjoy most liberty combined with most security, and in which the population regarded it neither as booty nor as an engine of oppression, and in which legislation was steadiest and justice best admin istered. That all this might happen without seriously affecting England's position in the world, we think is a reasonable belief. The problems raised in our time by the presence of swarm? of laborers engaged in manufacturing, living in dense masses, and dependent for weekly wages on the skill of a few great employers in watching the turns of markets of increasing delicacy and uncertainty, grow more and more se rious every day, and threaten to be come unmanageable, in the absence of large tracts of easily accessible waste land. To be relieved of the pressure of these problems, even in a moderate degree, is to any country which does not need a large standing army a gain in real power both of offence and de fence, if it involve no drain upon the character and intellect of the country, such as the emigration of the Hugue nots brought on France. JVew York Nation. French engineers are discussing the practicability of a railway across the Desert of Sahara, and think one can be built and maintained, notwithstand ing the heat and absence of water. The distance from Algiers to Tim buctoo across the desert is 1500 miles. AUTHORITY OF PARENTS OVER 1HEIR CHILDREN'S SCHOOL STUDIES. In the case of Trustees of Schools against Van Allen, the question as to what right a parent has to direct the studies pursued by his child who at tends a public school is considered. It is held that the trustees ofa school district may prescribe what studies shall be pursued, and may regulate the classification of the pupils, but that a parent may select from the branches pursued those which the child shall study, so long as the exercise of such selection does not interfere with the system prescribed for the school, and that the child cannot be excluded from one study simply because he is deficient in another. In this case the pupil was denied admission to a public high school because of his deficiency in a knowledge of grammar, which his father had forbidden him to study. He had asked to be admitted to pursue only those studies in which he was sufficiently proficient to entitle him to admission to the high school. The Court held that a rule requiring his exclusion was unreasonable and could not be enforced. In Morrow against Wood, in Wisconsin, a father directed his child, who attended a public school, to studv onlv certain branches among those tausht in the school. The teacher, with notice of such direction, required the child to study other sub jects, and upon his refusal to do so whipped him. This was held to be an unlawful assault. In Ruleson against Post, in Illinois, a girl 16 yeas of age, was in attendance upon a public school, to the benefit of which she was entitled. and was in a class which, by the course of study prescribed by the directors of tne school, was required to study book keeping. Under the direction of her parents she refused to pursue the study, and for that reason was, by the teacher, acting under the order of the directors, forcibly expelled from the school. The Court held that the di rectors and teacher were all liable in an action of trespass, the directors having no pow er to prescribe such a rule or to authorize the teacher to en force it. Albany (N. Y.) Law Jour nal. NAMES AND THEIR MEANINGS. The study of men's names is as cu rious as it is interesting. Arbitrary as they seem to-day, they all had their source evidently in some fitting fact. Many English surnames express the county, estate or residence ot their original bearers as Burgoyne, from Burgundy; Cornell or Cornwallis, from Cornwall; Fleming, from Flanders; Gaskin and Gascoyne, from Gascony; Hanway, from Hainault; Polack, Irom Poland; Welsh, Walsh and Wallir from Wales; Coombs, Compton, Clay ton, Sutton, Preston, Washington, from towns in the county ot Sussex, England. Camden, the antiquary, says every village in Normandy has surnamed some English family. Dale, 1 orest Hill, W ood, and the like are derived from the character or situation of those who first bore the names. The prefix atte or at, softened to a or an, has helped to form a number of names. Thus, if a man lived on a moor, he would call himself Attemoor or At moor; if near a gate, Attegate or Atgate. John atte the Oaks was in due time shortened into John Noaks; Peter at the Seven Oaks into Peter Snooks. By field, By ford, Underhill and Underwood indicated residence originally. In old English, applegarth meant orchard, whence Applegate and Apple ton; chase, a forest; elive a cliff', dough, a ravine; cobb, a harbor; whence these names. The root of the ubi quitous Smith is the Anglo-Saxon smitan, to smite. It was applied pri marily to blacksmiths, wheelwrights, carpenters, masons and smiters or strikers in general. Baker, Taylor, Butler, Coleman (coalman), Draper, Cowper (cooper), Cutler, Miller and the rest plainly denote occupations. Latimer is from latiner, a writer of Latin; Lorimer is a maker of spurs and bridle bits; Arkwright, a maker of chests; Lander, contracted from lavan dier, a washerman; Banister, the keeper of a bath; Kidder, a huckster; Wait, a minstrel; Crocker, a potter. Such names as Baxter and Bagster are the feminine of baker. Webster of webber or weaver, which shows that these trades were first followed by women, and that when men began to take them up they for some time kept the feminine names. Steward, Stew art, or Stuart, Abbot, iLnight, Lord, Bishop, Prior, Chamberlain, Falconer, Leggett, (legate,) either signified what the persons so styled were, or they were given them in jest or derision, like the names King, Prince and Pope. The termination ward indicated a keeper, as Durward, doorkeeper; Hay ward, keeper of the town cattle; Woodward, forest-keeper. Read, Reed, or Reid, is an old form of spelling red, and was bestowed, as White, Brown, and Black were to denote the color worn or the complexion had. Hogarth, from the Dutch, means generous, high natured; Rush is subtle; Bowne, ready ;Bonner, kind, gracious; Eldridge, wild, ghastly. Many Welsh names, naturalized in English, are from per sonal traits, as More, great; Duff, black; Vaughan, little; Lane, slender; Mole, bald; Gough, red. Surnames, now apparently meaningless, had mean ing in old English and provincial dia lects. Brock, for instance, signifies badger; Talbot, mastiff; Todd, fox; Culver, pigeon; Hensbaw, young heron; Coke, cook. N. Y. Times. The Baltimore Gazette says that Commissioner of Agriculture "Le Dook" ought to cultivate "the bread fruit tree," and graft upon it the "cowslip;" so that the tramps and poor of this country might have ready- grown, hot-buttered rolls. Not a bad idee for hard times and poor people. "When a man takes a letter from his wife to "drop into the post-office on his way down town," he imagines him self a traveling postal-car, and keeps it in his pocket a week. New Haven Register Seeing much, and suffering much, and studying much, are the three pil lars of learning. Empress Eugenie has recently sold to the Baron Hirsch three residences in Paris for 3400,000. It is said that $500,000 is spent yearly upon teaching of music in the elementary schools of England. The damage to the bridges in Bergen county, N. J., by the late freshet is estimated at $40,000. The canacitv of the cram fleet win tering at Milwaukee is 930,500 bushels, against i,2ou,uju nusneis last winter. Frith's Celebrated Painting, "The Marriage of the Prince of Wales," was sold for $2250 at Birmingham, Eng land, recently. Mrs. Lippincott ("Grace Green wood") is passing the winter at London, where her daughter is perfecting her musical studies. A curiosity in the shape of a white porcupine, an animal rarely seen by naturalists, was recently shot in the vicinity of Newbury, Vermont. King Humbert makes frequent visits to Signor Cairoli, who saved his life in the recent attempt at assassina tion, and has conferred upon him the gold medal for military valor. Colorado contemplates the intro duction of the yak or Thibet ox, which flourishes in the high mountains of Thibet, and the hair of which is used in manufacturing the beautiful Thibet shawls. During the recent flood at West field, Mass., a house was carried a quarter of a mile by the current, but not a dish was spilled from the shelves or broken, although a stove was mashed. A man in Hartford, Conn., has been annoyed by tramps for several months past. The other day he had a ton of coal dumped in his front yard, and since then not a single vagrant has appeared for a meal. Tne' young Californian Salmon placed in the tributaries of the Yarra river, in Australia, last December, by the Australian Acclimatization Society, have apparently thriven, as already one young fish five inches long has been caught. The New Orleans Times mentions the case of an old Frenchman who is still cutting wood on Government lands in Louisiana, under a permit given him by Gen. Butler, in 1852, and who can't be convinced that his privilege expired long ago by limitation. The British railway companies have inaugurated a new express system, issuing stamps ot the denomination ot four pence and six pence, to prepay to any point on their lines packages of two and tour pounds, buch packages will also be injured to the amount of 1 each. General S. C. Armstrong, the president of the Hampton Normal and Agricultural Institute, is in Boston with forty-nine Sioux and eighteen Cheyenne and Arapahoe Indians from the Institute. He uses the Indians as illustrations of the material with which the Institute is now working. Pere Hyacinthe has settled down in a little house in the suburbs of Paris, and will support himself by giv ing religious lectures, if the Govern ment permits him. Some of his Eng lish admirers offered to build him a chapel and to provide th3 funds to start a newspaper with, but he declined both. In an English county court, where a cook sued her mistress for a month's wages in lieu of notice, she having been dismissed because she refused to join in the family prayers, the Judge ordered the money to be paid, as there had been no stipulation that the plaintiff! was to attend prayers; and she was engaged to cook, not to pray. For thirty years or more the family of Mr. A. Sawtelle, of Augusta, Maine, have drawn water from a well in their cellar. The well was forty feet deep, and the water therein never failed. During a recent severe storm and gale, the bottom of the well dropped out. During the night they heard a tremendous noise in the cellar, resembling a miniature earthquake. Thenextmorning the cellar was visited. and it was discovered that the well had vanished; it must have sunk to a con siderable depth, as the pump was nearly buried out of sight. A portion of the underpinning of the house was under mined and will have to be rebuilt. Mental Arithmetic. Some years ago a German of the name of Dase ex hibited his wonderful powers of calcu lation and memory before the Queen. I once met him at the house of a friend, but unfortunately arrived too late to witness more than a few of his feats. Sixty-four figures were chalked upon a board, at which Mr. Dase gave what I thought a cursory glance, and, immedi ately turning his back upon them, he stated tne order in wnicn they were placed, and he repeated them back ward. He was then, without altering his position, dodged by one of the com pany, who asked, "What is the twenty- third ngure."" lie answered at once and correctly. Again, a vast amount of dominoes I wondered where they got so many were distributed on the table among several ladies, who ar ranged them in squares of various dimensions, while Mr. Dase stood with his back to the table. He was then re quested to turn round, and in an in credibly short space of time he told us the number, not of the dominoes, but of the spots. Thus far for the evidence of my own eyes and ears. For the rest, I was told that he can multiply in his mind 100 figures by the like number. He is an hour about it, but the result is always correct. I was told that he can extract the square root of 100 given figures in fifty-two minutes,-Tfce 17m versity Magazine,