F7EDNESDAY, April 28, 1909.
KL A. LONDON, Editor.
To what extent the State should
assume the guardianship of chil
dren is a very debatable question
Some of the States have more
legislation than others for the
protection of children, but no one
of the United States has gone as
far in child legislation as has
Ena-land. On the first of this
month there went into effect in
Great Britain an Act of Parlia
ment that goes further than ever
before known in any country for
the protection of children.
To mention only a few of its
provisions, the Act prohibits to
bacconists fronvselling cigarettes
to boys under sixteen, authorizes
constables to confiscate cigarettes
or tobacco found in their posses
sion, forbids an innkeeper to al
low any child under fourteen in
bar-rooms or a pawnkeeper to ac
cept any article from them. It is
a punishable offence for a va
grant to permit a child to wander
about with him; to permit a child
to beg, or to live in evil surround
ings, to give liquor to a child
under five, . except in extraordi
nary circumstances, to put out a
child to nurse for more than
forty-eight hours without regis
tration, or to leave a child under
seven in a room where there is
an open fire. Foster-parents may
not insure the lives of children
under their care. Severe penal
ties are imposed for the illtreat
ment or exposure of children.
The Act provides that all offend
ers under sixteen must be tried
in special juvenile courts and in
stitutes special places for their
detention, free from association
with adult criminals.
While our schools and colleges
seem to be going wild over base
ball we are pleased to note the
interest also taken in literary and
intellectual contests by' at least
some of the higher institutions of
learning. On last Saturday night
there were two inter-collegiate
debates in which the University
of North Carolina took part. One
was with the University of Vir
ginia and the other was with
Tulane University at New Or
leans. Our University was the
victor in the latter and was de
feated in the former. On the
same night, discussing the same
question, there was a debate be
tween the University of Virginia
and Tulane University, in which
the latter was the victor. So that,
in the three debates on the same
subject, held the same night,
each of the three Universities
won, the University of North
Carolina defeating Tulane Uni
versity, Tulane defeating the
University of Virginia and the
latter defeating the University
of North Carolina.
The "unspeakable" Turks are
very much in the public limelight
just now. A bloody and success
ful revolution has taken place
and the old Sultan forced to ab
dicate. The successful revolu
tionists thus far have conducted
themselves very properly, and it
is hoped that they may make
Turkey a more respectable coun
try than it has heretofore been.
The situation in Asiatic Turkey
has been most alarming and hor
rible massacres have baen per
petrated, many thousands hav
ing been brutally butchered.
These victims of Mohamedan fa
natics are Armenian Christians,
and their fate is terrible to think
of.
" Next Tuesday is the day for
the biennial election for munici
pal officers in most of the towns
and cities of this State. The re
sult of most of those elections is
known in advance, because in
nearly all our towns and cities
the Democrats have a good ma
jority, and the candidates nomi
nated by the Democratic prima
ries will be elected.
While in only a few towns and
cities there will be any doubt as
to the result, and therefore no
interest taken in the elections,
yet there was quite a lively con
test and much interest taken in
the Democratic primaries. This
was the case especially in Wil
mington, Raleigh and Charlotte,
where the friends of the opposing
or rival candidates for the Demo
cratic nomination carried on quite
an exciting campaign.
The women folks can get as
excited over elections as any of
the masculine sex. This was most
forcibly illustrated last week at
the meeting of the Daughters of
the American Revolution held at
Washington City. There were
two rival candidates for the presi
dency, and the contest was ex
ceedingly lively.
The ladies attending this meet
ing were as excited, and took as
much interest in this election as
if the fate of the nation depend
ed on the result. There was great
rejoicing among the victors and
keen disappointment among the
vanquished. The scenes at this
meeting of the gentle dames were
yery much like those at sour last
State convention at Charlotte!
The debate on the tariff bill
drags along slowly in the Senate
and attracts little attention. The
income tax amendment is the
chief feature discussed just now
and is attracting more attention
than any other partf the bill.
The Democratic senators are all
supporting this amendment (as
favored in our national platform)
and some Republican senators are
in favor of it. There is a possi
bility (if not probability) that the
income tax amendment may be
adopted. It will be remembered
that when the Democrats had
control of Congress they passed
an income tax bill, but the Su
preme Court decided it to be un
constitutional by a vote of five to
four. President Taf t (who is a
very learned lawyer) says that an
income tax bill can be passed
that will ba constitutional, and
many of the best lawyers in the
United States concur in this
opinion.
Senator Overman has present
ed an amendment to the tariff
bill proposing a tax of $10 a head
on every alien or foreigner. He
says that this would protect labor
and raise revenue, from six to
ten million dollars annually.
Jeff Davis Memorial Park.
Hopkinsville, Ky., April 26.
It was announced yesterday that
options had been closed for the
purchase of 16 acres of the farm
on which Jefferson Davis was
born and which, it is proposed to
convert into a memorial park. The
deal was closed Saturday by Col.
Bennett H. loung, of Louisville,
and S. A. Cunningham, of Nash
ville, who paid $7,500, which had
been collected "by popular sub
scription in many parts of the
country, principally in the South.
I be Jefferson Davis home is at
Fairview, 12 miles from Hopkinsville.
A celebration is to be held there
on June 3, the anniversary of Jef
ferson Davis' birthday, and final
details for the memorial-Dark
which is to bear his name are to
be completed then.
Successful Balloon Flight.
Baltimore, April 27. Howard
W. Gill, a well known resident of
this city, and an enthusiast in
aeronautics, arrived here yester
day after a successful balloon
flight from Washington, lasting
only seventy minutes, the same
time required by electric street
cars to make the trip from the
capital nere.
A newspaper man has been an.
pointed a member of the civil ser
vice commission, President Taft
having named James T. Williams.
Jr., of South Carolina, to succeed
Henry b . Greene.
Judge Hart has over-ruled the
motion for a now trial of the
Coopers, who were convicted of
killing Senator .Carmack, and an
appeal was taken to the Supreme
vourt ot lennessee.
It is said that the success of
Prohibition has so diminished the
demand for glassware of the tumb
ler variety that many glass facto
ries have shut down.
A workman fell 425 feet from
the 34th story of a New York
building on last Mondav and was
instantly killed, every bone in his
body being broken.
As the result of recent earth
quake shocks in Portugal 12,000
persons are homeless, and hund
reds are suffering from serious injuries.
A civil action for the possession
of a lot in Fayetteville of small
value has been on docket in the
superior court for more than 20
years.
Ex President Roosevelt and his
son, Kermit, are sick just after
beginning their hunting trip in
Africa.
An old blacksmith at Salisbury
says that he has shod over 80,000
animals since began his trade.
Guilty of Peonage.
Special to Charlotte Observer.
Statesville, .April 23. J. B.
Powers, of Buncombe county, for
merly a walking boss in the em
ploy of the McCabe Company.
railroad contractors, was convict
ed of peonage in the Federal Court
here this afternoon and sentenced
to 15 months in the Federal prison
at Atlanta. Motion of appeal was
given and a justified bond of $10,-
000 was required. It is doubtful
if the bondjiari be given.
The evidenco was that Powers,
while superintendent of construc
tionwork on the South & Western
Road in McDowell county, had
whipped hand3 and otherwise mis
treated them to prevent their
leaving until they had worked out
the transportation furnished. The
witnesses were four negroes and
one white man.
Farmer Usas Steam Plow.
Special to Charlotte Observer.
Gaffney, S. C, April 24. Mr.
James F, Jenkins, who has about
five hundred acres In cultivation
in this county, prepares his land
for cultivation by the use of the
steam plows. He has a 22-horse-power
engine with which he pulls
two large plows which cut seven
feet and in this way .be can break
about ten acres of land a day. Mr.
Jenkins says that quite a lot of
his land is rough and hilly, but
that this fact did not prevent his
using the steam plow, he having
broken nearly all of his land, both
this year and last, with this plow.
As a labor-saving device this plow
is the greatest invention now in
use on the farm.
' Opposed to Slang.
Donald had been to Sundr.y
school, and on coming home was
asked what ho had learned. Ihe
lesson was the stor' of Joseph,
and the small learner was evident
tly very full of his subject.
"Ob," he said, "it was about a
boy, and his brothers took him
put him in a hole in the ground;
and then they killed another bo3
and took the first boy's coat and
dipped it in blood of this boy
and
- "Oh, no, Donald, not another
boy!" his sister interrupted, hor
rified. " But Donald stood his
ground.
"It was, too," he insisted; Then
he added, "The teacher said 'kid,'
but I don't use words like that,"
The Woman's Home Companion
for May.
- V V' Milt in Siberia.
Baker's weekly. !' ' :'.
. The people in Siberia; buy their
milk frozen,; and for convenience
it is allowed to freeze about a
stick, which forms a)haudle to
carry-it by. The milkman leaves
one chunk or two, as the case may
be, at the houses of his customers.
The children in Irkutsk instead of
crying for a drink of milk cry for
a bite of milk. The people in win
ter time do not say, "Be careful
not to spill the milk," but "Be
care not to break the milk." Brok
en milk is better than spilled
milk, though, because there is an
opportunity to save the pieces. A
quart of frozen milk on a stick is
a very formidable weapon in the
hand of an angry man or boy, as
it is possible to knock a person
down with it. Irktusk people hang
their milk on hooks, instead of
putting it in pans, though, of
course, when warm spring weath
er comes, pans or pails must be
used, as the milk begins to melt.
This popular remedy never fails to .
effectually cure
Dyspepsia, Constipation, Sick
Headache, Biliousness
And ALL DISEASES arising from a
Torpid Liver end Bad Digestion
The natural result Is good appetite
and solid flesh. Dose small; elegant
ly sugar coated and easy to swallow.
Take No Substitute.
- ; : -y , ; . .
W- THAT NEVER "a
- Columbia guano C0a .. -jA- ' .
KORFOLK, VA. . . '
Sold His Brains.
From the Philadelphia Ledger.
Prof. Joseph de Panott, of
Clark University, noted as a
mathematician, has sold his brains
to Harvard University for 1,000.
He will retain them for the pres
ent, however, and during the rest
of his natural life. The professor
has been the wonder of the uni
versity since he went there nearly
twenty years ago. He has pro
voked no end of comment and
curiosity by reason of his long
brown hair, worn Buffalo style,
more so.
Make Old Things New.
A door, a mantle, kitchen chairs,
benches, any small old things to
be made new is quickly done by
painting with a pound or two of
our L. k M. Home Finish Do
mestic Paint in all colors. Have
you an old carriage? Make it new
with a small can of L. & M. Home
Finish Varnish Paint. Won't cost
more than about a dollar and saves
a hundred. We supply everything
in paint and save you money. Sold
by W. L. London & Son.
Asheboro Courier: James, the
four-year-old son of Mr. and Mrs.
J. C. J. Carriker, was burned to
death at their home on their farm
near Salisbury on Monday after -noon.
The barn was discovered
on fire and the family rushed to
the scene, when to their horror
the charred body of the child fell
from the loft burned beyond re
cognition. It is believed that the
lad carried matches into the hay
loft and set it fire, making his own
death-trap..
George Busbee, a young mar
ried man, was accidentally shot
and killed by Ernest Horn at Win
ston on last Monday. The shoot
ing occurred at rBusbee's home
where Horn was a boarder. Be
fore he died Busbee stated, that
the affair was an accident and
Horn was discharged after a short
hearing. v
Under the direction of Mayor
Brandt, of Greensboro, the police
officers on last Monday poured a
quantity of confiscated liquor in
to a sewer. A number of specta
tors, thirsty and otherwise, stood
by while the-officiatingpoliceman
consigned to the sewer whiskey of
all kinds and bottles of stale beer.
Chapel Hill News: A mule, said
to be 35 years' old, owned by a
Chapel Hill man ever since it was
3 years old, was sold today at a
very fair price. The animal is in
very fine shape yetand does not
look to be over 15 years old.
For the first time in the history
of the naval stores industry, the
production of rosin in the United
States during 1908 led turpentine J
in value.
SPECIAL RATES VIA SEABOARD.
LOUISVILLE, Ky. Southern
Baptist, Convention, May 13th
20th. Round trip from Ilaleigh
S19.G0; Charlotte, $10 45; Wil
mington, $22.75. Tickets to be
sold 10th, 11th, 12th, 13th, final
return limit May 22ud. Exten
sion can be secured until June
9th.
CHARLOTTE, N. C.-Grand
Lodge I. O. O. F. of N. C, May
11th 15th. Round trip from
llaleigb, $7.0."); Durham, $8.05;
Weldor, $11.05; Wilmington,
$7.55; Henderson, $8.05. Tickets
will ba- sold May 8th to 11th.
Fiual return limit May 17th.
For further information apply
to any Seaboard ticktit agent Gi
llie undersigned.
C.H. GATTIS,
District Passenger Agent,
Raleigh, N. C.
Summons By Publication.
North Carolina, Chatham Count-.
In the Superior Court.
E. J. -Mclver et al
vs.
Josie Mclver and others.
The defendant Josie Mclver, above
named, will take notice tint an acion
entitled as above, hs been com
menced in the Superior Court of Chat
ham County before the Clerk for the
purpose of having the lands described
in the cocuplaint sold for partition;
and the said defendant will further
tuke notice that she is required to ap
pear before the undersigned, Clerk of
the Superior Court of Chatham County
on or txfore Saturday, the 15th day
of May, 100'J and answer or demur to
the comp'aint now on file in my office
or the relief therein asked will be
granted.
This April 13th, 1)0X
JAS. L. GRIFFIN,
C.erk Superior Court of Chatham Co.
Hayes & Uynum,
Attorneys.
BIDS WANTED.
Notice is hereby given that sealed
bids will be received by the county
commissioners for the construction of
an addition of two rooms to the house
of the Superintendent of the County
Home. All the framing will be furn
ished by the county, and all the rest
by the bidder. Plans and specilica-
Ltionscanbe had by applying to W. H
Wajd at the County Home. Bids to
be sealed and to be op-ned on the
4th day of May, 11)00. Right reserved
to reject any and all bids.
, S. W. HARRINGTON, -
Chairman B.C-C.
April 6 th, V.lO'K
Notice!
Notice is hereby given that at May
meeting, I'.lO!), the Board ot Commis
sioners of Chatham county .will - con
sider an application to change . the
dividing line between New Hope and
Williams Townships as established at
a meeliDg March 15, 193.'. The change
proposed follows the line established
March 15 from Mt. Gilead to New
Hope creek, then leaves the new line
and goes up New Hope creek to a
point west of and opposite the Martha
Chapel lioac, thence with said road
to Martha's Chapel, thence due east
to the Wake county line, thence with
the line to the beginning on Little
Beaver creek.
S. W. H A RRINGTON, ChmnT
Board Com.
x .
CUT FLOWERS,
WEDDING BOUQUETS,
FUNERAL DESIGNS,
PALMS, FERNS, BLOOM
ING PLANTS, CABBAGE
AND TOMATO PLANTS.
All orders given prompt atten
tion. M. J. MCPHAIL,
'Phone No. 94. Florist,
Sanford, N. C.
record of the proceedings for the!;.1 lhuHh
voluntary dissolution thereof, by ; 1 .nlmu SCJ V? U 1 v ( ( 1J
the uoauimou.s consent of nil the, elh ;'a1lJtl f tk,.li!' 'J1'is
stockholders, deposited in my of-! .w.l be. L' C" ,riJ tlliu
TAX SALES. ! CERTIFICATE OF DISSOLUTION. f
i To all to whom these Presents may j
On Monday, -the 3rd day ofi come Geeetiko :
May, 1909, I will sell for cash at w-eas, it appears to my sat-r
the coart-honse door in Tittsboro, : 13faetion, by dulv authenticated!
the following real estate for the j
taxes due and listed by the fellow
in persons:
1&LIVIN TOWNsmr.
Names. Acres.
Frances Norwood, 38
Johu Atwater, 37
T. S. liichardsoo, 9i
BEAR CHEEK TOWNSHIP,
Names. Acres. Taxes,
I. F. Caviness, 178 4.78
Elizabeth Mann, 30 .GO
Liwreuce Andrews, 24
Improved PasseDger Service Via
Southern Railway.
Effective Sept.Glh, ti c birr, them
lice, that Stuley Chair Company,
rnvps a corporation of this State, whose "J'ouuu.iJ umu-
principal office is situated in the boro, amvn.ff at Atli.Lt ;t a$
I town of Libertv, County of Ran- 'm- orlljLoniid on J4,
If, tiolph, State "of North Carolina wLl.ch leaves Atiaii a J:25 p. m ,
201 (Jas. H. Johnson beiu-the a-eut arriving at ltaleisL 32:JJO lcu,,
therein and in chai-e thereof, up- following- day. Ira in 4lUvvi cds
l Tvfi.iT-iiiii.-rv wilt- ' t i v
. i on whom
I
CENTRE TOWNSHIP.
Acres.
10
135
54
20
90
GO
228
90
10
9
3
Names.
. A. Boon,
Aunie Ctoins
Henry Hatch,
G. W. IlarmoD,
J. M. Leach heirs,
G. W. Mansfield,
Mrs. Ann Melton,
J. W. & A. Mansfield, 90
Jas. A Thomas, 100
Gus Alston, agent S
Atkins,
Martha Bur us,
Jane Davis,
Mary McClenahan,
Alvis Williams, 1 'lown lot
Geo. Goins, 14
Mrs. M. Cooper, 140.
G. W. Harmon, 50
Thos. Love, 1 town lot
. G. Marks, 100
CAPE I EAR TOWNSIIIP.
Names. Acres.
Buchanan heirs,
Mrs. J. H Farrar,
J. H. Farrar trustee,
J. A. Guuter,
W. E. Holt, y
Miss Arnette Mclv
S. G. Adkins,
.GO
Taxes.
.33
13.4G
1G9
1.49
4 50
1 39
G.77
2.39
2 39
3.19
.43
.68
.43
4.85
.44
2. 54
1.59
5.08
1.G0
Taxes.
rer,
180 7.17
85 5.57
90 7.17
24 .94
24 5 94
G4 2.72
53 2.72
process niiy bo served),
has complied with the require-1
meats of chapter 21, llevisat'bf
1905, entitled "Corporations," pre.
hminary to the issuing of this
Certificate of Dissolution,
Now, therefore, I, J. Bryan
Grimes, Secretary of the Slate of
North Carolina, do hereby certify
that the said corporation did, on
the 19th day of April, 1909, fi! iu
my oirieo a duly executed and at
tested consent iu writing- to the
dissolution of said corporation,
executed by all the stock holders
thereof, which said consent and
the record of the proceedings
aforesaid are low on tile in vay
said ofiiiv, as provided by law.
In testimony whereof, I have
hereunto set my hand and affixed
my official seal at ltaleijh, this
19: u day of April, A. D. 1909
J. BUY AN GlilMES,
Secretary of State.
Name.
GULF TOWNSIIir.
Acres- Taxes.
Mrs. E. W. Beal, 3G 1.22
Florence Headen, 7 .31
Mrs. Hannah Newby, 105 3.56
Mrs. Pattie Oldham, 90 2.98
D. W. Pop, 2 .22
HICKOItY MT. TOWNSHIP.
Names.
G. W. Bright,
W. T, Parrish,
N. A. Bailey,
liobt. D. Brooks,
Weklon Watson,
Emeliue Watson,
Acres. Taxes.
63 . 169
200
100
25
50
40
MATTHEWS TOWNSHIP.
Geo. Siler, 115
NEW HOPE TOWNSIIIP.
Jack Panel!, " 50
17.61
.49
3.48
10.04
1.02
8.86
7.97
ltOCK REST TOWNSHIP.
Names. Acres. Taxe??.
D. D. Love heirs," 40 1 29
N. S. Live' heirs, 180 5 93
T. L. Love & Bro. ; 10 4 23
D. S. Sellars, 63 2.11
T. L. Love, , 70 2 98
WILLIAMS TOWNSHIP.
Names. ; Acres. Taxes.
John Bell, 115 - 4.23
Mrs. Aurelia Johnson, 79 2Tt
G. S. Williams, G5 2 1)
W. A. Jenkins, ' 33 "2.54
J. U. MIL LIKEN,
Ex-Sheriff Chatham County, N. C.
April 3, 1909.
NOT I CE TO CRE D ITORS. II avlnjj
qualified as Executor of the last
will and les!ament of Mrs. -Rosa J
Kimball, deceased, this is to notify all
persons- holding claims against her
estate to present them to the under
signed on or before the 21st day of
April 1910, or this notice will be plead j
m bar of their recovery.
This April 21, 1909.
W. Cr-KIMBALL,
Executor.
Hayes & Bynum,
Attorneys.
TOUTGAGE SALE. By vir-
TAtue cf the lower ( f sale contained
in a certain mortga e deed by Robert
A. Gleii'i and Ida L. G enn, his v, ife,
to Euphesnia Griilin, which mortgage
deed is duly recorded in the olhce of
register of deeds for Chatham county,
N. C, in book No. D R, page 510 ;ud
duly transferred under seal by the.said
Eiiphemia Griftm o the undersigned
fur value, said tr;nsfcr being duly
recorded in the olliec of register cf
deeds for Ch thani c amty, Tsr" C, in
book E G, p ige 3:4, I will sell on -Saturday,
May 1909, at 12 o'clock
M., at Ue coin t hou.se ".oor in Pilis
boro, at public a.icticn, for cash, to ;h
highest bidder, the following describ
ed tracts of land. .Beginning at a
Spa. ish oak stump A. 11. Merrill's
corner in the old llaleig i ro.id, thence
north 110 poles to a hickory John
Hammock's corner in L-. M. Hatch's
line, thf nee east w'th said line 27 3-1
poles to a pine, i hence south 11 1-2 t'c
gnes east 37 poles to a willow oak on
the branch, thenc cat ;H poles to a
stake, thence sou-li 31 poles to a hick
ory on the old Seven Island ford road
V. II ...Hatch's cori.c, '.hence south
17 decrees west with V. II. Hatch's
line 06 poles to the old Raleigh road",
thence with said roa i nor'h 49 degrees
west 85 poles to the beginning, con
tainii g fifty four acres "more or less.
Also oneother tract of land containing
fifty acres on the south side of said
landadjoini g same tract, for descrip
tion see deed of Win. II. Hatch to R.
1. Hatch; also one other lot of two
acres, for partieu'ars see deed of Win.
Uaitacock to 11. J". II tc', adjoining
Iheotlvj land herein onveyed, being
in all one hu idrc.i a id six acres, more
or less. Also one-half interest in "Mid
lot" of land in Hadlty township,
Chatham county, N. C., on which
there is situated a corn mill and saw
mill, and containing three acres, more
or less.
'JAS A. PER LEY, Assignee of
EUPHE.MIA GRIFFIN Mortgagee.
This March 31, 1SJ09. ." V'
Asheviile, Ixnoxville, CUttia to
ga, Memphis, CiuciLLati, Chicago
and other points.
For Pullman i eservatioLP, cj:11
on or write to W. H. McGian eiy,
P. & T. A., half ioh. or 11. 11. Be
Butts, P. & T. A., Greeufeloio.
B. L. Veenon,
T. P. A.,
CL;uJot!e, N. C.
Notice!
Notice is hereby given that the Board
of Comnvssioners of Chatham county
will, at their May meeting, take up
and consider the matter of establish
ing a new township, to be known as
"Haw River" lowcship, out of apart
of Oakland, and including Haywood,
Moncure, &c.
April oth, 1500.
S. W. II A It KINGTON,
Chairman B. C. C.
. Seaboard
km Line
SCHEDULE.
Effective Jan. 3, 1909.
Direct Line Between New York
Florida, Atlanta, BirruiL,rhaiiJ,
Memphis, New Oilcans aud I lie
Southwest, subject to change with
out notice.
Figures civen below are for the
information of the public aial are
not guaranteed.
Trains leave Pittbboro as fol
lows: No. 1389:00 a. io., con
uectiug at Moucnro with No. oS
for Portsmouth -Noifolk, v. huh
connects at Weldou with t Lc A.
C. L for Eastern Carolina points,
at Nptfo!k, with ail steamship
lines for points North.
No. 110- 4:10 p. in., eouncds .'it
Moncure with No. 41 for C'liai
lotte, Wilmington, Atlanta, Bir
mingham, Memphis, and points
West.
No. 41 connecting at Hamlet with
No. 4.3for Jacksonville-and Florida
points.
"No. 139 will anive at Pittsloro
11:10a.m., conijcctiog with No.
38 from the I outh.
No. Ill arrives at Piltshoro
G:20 p. m., connecting with No. 41
from points Noiih.
Trains between Moncnre and
PitUboro operated daily except
Sunday.
For further information apply
to B. M. Poe, agent, Pillsboio, or
write to C. II. GATTIS,
District Passenger Agent,
No. 4 West Martin St.,
Mnh ighN. C.
Coffins and
caskets::
A full stock of Coffins and
Caskets always on hand and
sold at all prices. All kinds
and sizes.
B. Nooe,
Pittsborc , N.
Jan. 1,1909.