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VOL. XXXIX.
PITTSBORO, CHATHAM COUNTY, N. C, FEBRUARY 7, 1917.
NO. 27.
RELATIONS WITH GERMANY
KAISER WARNND
WILSON ANNOUNCES
WITH GERMANY TO A JOINT
nrnninn nr nir nniinnrnn
atttiUR ur i tit ufflmab
fervently Invoking Divine Guidance, President Wilson For
malty Advises Congress of
Why United States Could
Warring Power Which Repeatedly Invades its Sacred
Rights and the Lives of its Citizens. Nation is Now on
Verge of War.
Washington. The severance of dip
lomatic relations with Germany was
formally announced to the country
and the world by President Wilson
at a joint session of Congress Satur
day February 3, at 2 o'clock.
Fervently invoking the guidance of
Almighty God in the step he had
taken, the President, speaking de
liberately and with great solemnity,
said :
"Gentlemen of the Congress:
The Imperial German Government
on the 31st of January announced to
this Government and to the Govern
ments of the other neutral Nations
that on and after the first day of Feb
ruary, the present month, it would
adopt a policy with regard to the use
of submarines against all shipping
seeking to pass through certain des
ignated areas of the high seas to
which it is clearly my duty to call
your attention.
"Let fa& remind the Congress that
on the $th of April last in view of
the sinking on the 24th of March of
the cTOs-ohannel passenger steamer
Sussex by a German submarine, with
out summons or warning aQd the
consequent loss of the lives of sev
eral citizens of the United States who
were passengers aboard her, this
Government addressed a note to the
Imperial German Government, in
which it made the following declara
tion :
" 'If it" is still the purpose of the
Imperial Government to prosecut re
lentless .and indiscriminate warfare
against vessels of commerce by the
use of submarines without regard to
what the' Government of the United
States must consider the sacred and
indisputable rules of international
law and the universally recognized'
dictates of humauitv. the Government
of the United StaiRS is at last forced j Central Powers, and that the Gov
to the conclusion that there is but j eminent of the United States will
one course it can puisue. Unless the further realize that the now openly
imperial Government chould now im- disclosed intention of the Entente Al
mediately declare and effect an aban- lies gives back to Germany the free
donment of its present methods of i dom of action which she reserved in
submarine warfare against passenger j her note addressed to the Govern
and freight carrying vessels, the Gov- j ment of the United States on May 4,
prnment of the United States can have 1916.
no choice but to sever diplomatic re
lations with the German Empirs alto
gether.' c ' '
Germany's Reply,
"in reply to this declaration, the
Imperial German Government gave
this Government the following assur
ance: " The German Government is pre
pared to do its utmost to confine the
operations of war for the rest of its
duration to the fighting forces of the
belligerents, thereby also insuring the
freedom of the seas, a pricipal up
on which the German Government be
lieves now, as before, to be in agree
ment wi the Government of the
United States.
'The German Government, guided
by -his idea, notifies the Government
of 'he United States that the German
naval forces have received the fol
lowing orders: In accordance with
!lf general principles of visit and
search and destruction of merchant
vessels recognized by international
aw, such vessels, both within and
without the area declared as naval
war zones, shall not be sunk without
warning aid without saving human
lives, unless these shops attempt to
es ape or offer resistance.
But,' it added, 'neutrals cannot
' that Germany, forced to fight
existence, shall, for the sake
of neutral interests, restrict the use
m effective weapon if her enemy
emitted to continue to apply at
methods of warfare violating the
rules of internatioal law. Such a de
mand would be inocmpatible with the
character of neutrality, and the Ger
man Government is : convinced that
'he Government of the United States
does not think of makingsuch a de
1:1an(i. knowing that the Government
of the United States has repeatedly
declared that it is determined to re
vere the principle of the freedom of
"ie seas, from whatever quarter it has
been violated.'
No Contingencies.
"To this the Government of the
United States replied on the 8th of
May, accepting, of course, the assur
ances given, but adding:
"The Government of the United
ENDED,
THAT SACRIFICE
OF AMERICAN
His Decision. Tells in Detain
Not Continue Relations With a
.
States feels it necessary to state that
it takes it for granted that the lm
perial German Government does not
intend to imply that the maintenance
of its newly announced policy is in
any way contingent upon the course
or result of diplomatic negotiations
between the Government of the Unit
ed States and any other belligerent
Government, notwithstanding the fact
that certain passages in the Impe'al
Government's note of the 4th instant
might appear to be susceptible of
that construction. In order, however,
to avoid any misunderstanding, the
Government of the United States no
tifies the Imperial Government that
it cannot for a moment entertain,
much less discuss, a suggestion that
respect by German naval authorities
for the rights of citizens of the Unit
ed States upon the high seas should
in any way or in the sightest degree I
be made contingent upon the conduct
of any other Government affecting standings of international law and
the rights of neutrals and non-com?, f the obvious dictates of humanity, I
batants. Responsibility in such matcishall take the liberty of coming again
ters is single not joint; absolutely, noff before the Congress to ask that au
relative.' thority be given me to use any means
"To this note of the 8th of May, that be necessary for the pro-
the Imperial German Government tection. of our seamen and our people
made no reply. j in- the. prosecution of their peaceful
, " . T "iand legitimate errands on the high
On the 31st of January the Wed- j gegs , can dQ rto ,esg , take
nesday of the present wee, the Ger- jt Qr ed M neutral
man Ambassador handed to the Sec- ernmentg wiU take jfc same couse
retary of State, along with a formal JjZ
nnt a momoMnrt,,m whiPh PnntinPd 1 We' do not desire any hostile eon-
the following statement:
Withdrawal of Pledge.
" 'The Imperial Governments there
fore, does not doubt that the Gov
ernment of the United States will un
derstand the situation thus iv'forced
upon Germany by the Entente Al
lies' brutal methods of war aal by
their determination to destroy the
" 'Under these circumstances, Ger
many will meet the illegal measures
of her enemies by forcibly preventing
after February 1, 1917, in a zone
around Great Britain, France,; Italy
and in the Eastern Mediterranean all
navigation, that of neutrals included,
from and to England and from and
to France, etc., etc. All ships met
within the zone will be sunk.'
"I think that you will agree with
me that, In view of this declaration,
which suddenly and without prior in
timation of any kind, deliberately
withdraws the solemn assurance giv
en in the Imperial Government's note
of the 4th of May, 1916, this Govern
ment has no alternative consistent
with the dignity and honor of the
United States but to take the course
which, in its note of the 18th of April,
BLOCKADE ZONES DECLARED BY KAISER
0
50 j 1 S l CIumI
LIVES MEANS WAR
1916, it announced that it would take
in the event that the German Gov
ernment did not declare and effect
an abandonment of the methods of
submarine warfare which it was then
employing and to which it now pur
poses again to resort.
"I have, therefore, directed the Sec
retary of State to announce to His
Excellency, the German Ambassador,
that all diplomatic relations between
the United States and the German
Empire are severed, apd' that the
American Ambassador at Berlin will
immediately be withdrawn; and, in
accordance with this decision, to hand
to His Excellency his passports.
"Notwithstanding this unexpected
action of the German Government,
this sudden and deeply deplorable
renunctiation of its assurances, given
this Government at one of the most
critical moments of tension in the re
lations of the. two Governments. I
refuse to believe that it is the inten
tion of the German authorities to do
in fact what they have warned us
they will ieel at liberty to do. I can
not bring myself to believe that they
will " indeed pay no regard to the an
cient friendship between their people
and. our own, or to the solemn obli
gations which have been exchanged
betweeh them and destroy American
shins and take the lives of American
citizens in the wilfull prosecution of
the ruthless naval program they have
announced their intention to adopt.
Only, actual overt acts on their part
canyinake me believe to, even now.
The Only Alternative.
"It this . inveterate confidence on
my -'part in the sobriety and prudent
foresight of their purpose should un
happily prove unfounded; if Ameri
can ships and American lives should
in fact be sacrificed by their naval
commanders in heedless contraven
Ltion of the just and reasonable under-
flict with the Imperial German Gov
ernment. We are the sincere friends
of the . German people and earnestly
desire to remain at fpeace with the
Government which speaks for them.
We shall not believe that they are
hostile to us unless and until we are
obliged to believe it; and we purpose-
nothing more than the reason
able defense of the rights of
our people. We wish to serve no
selfish ends. We seek merely to stand
true alike in thought and in action
to the ., immemorial principles of our
people which I have sought to ex
press in my address to the Senate
only two weeks ago seek merely to
vindicate our right to liberty and jus
tice "arid an unmolested life. These
are the bases of peace, not war. God
grant that we may not be challenged
to defend them , by, acts of wilful in
justice? on the part of the Government
of Germany."
NEW YORK GUARDSMEN
i ARE CALLED TO COLORS.
New- York. The entire National
p Guard or New Yferk State and the
.Navy militia were ordered out by Gov.
pernor Whitman after a conference
iwith Maj. Gen. John F. O'Ryan.
General O'Ryan was directed tx)
have; every arsenal, armory and water
,shed adequately guarded by the milit
iamen, and Commodore Forshew, . of
'the Naval Militia, was ordered to pro-
fctectvaJJ, bridges. ,
HOUSE PASSES BILL
OVER WILSON'S VETO
IMMIGRATION BILL GETS THE
TWO-THIRDS MAJORITY IN
THE HOUSE.
PARTY LINES WERE IGNORED
Vote Was Almost Three to Oiie
President Wilson Vetoed Bill Be
cause of the Literacy Test as a
Restriction Upon Immigration.
Washington. President Wilson's
veto of the immigration bill because
of its literacy test feature was over
ridden in the House by a vote of 286
to 106. Party lines were ignored in
the fight, Republicans and Democrats
being almost equally divided on eith
er side.
For 20 years there has been a fignt
to establish a literacy test as a re
striction upon immigration. Four
times such a provision has run the
gauntlet of Congress and been vetoed
at the White House. President Cleve
land first disapproved a bill on this
ground and Congress sustained his
action. President Taft was the next
to reject it. On that occasion the
Senate voted to over-ride the veto but
the House failed to give the neces
sary two-thirds majority by nine
votes. In 1915, President Wilson re
fused to permit a bill to become law
with ; the literacy test incorporated.
The House lacked only four votes to
over-ride his action then and the Sen
ate did riot consider the veto mes
sage. The House had 25 votes more than
the necessary two-thirds majority.
Republican Leader Mann and Demo
cratic Leader Kitchin voted together
against the President.
Those voting to over-ride the veto
included 149 Democrats; 131 Repub
licans, four Progressives, one Prohibi
tionist and one Independent. Oppos
ing them were 55 Democrats, 49 Re
publicans, one Progressive und one
Socialist.
CONGRESS UNDISTURBED
BY GRAVE SITUATION.
Work Away on Legislative Calendar.
Air of Restrained Excitement.
Washineton. Coneress worked
away on the legislative calendar, un
disturbed by the grave situation
brought about by Germany's declara- j
tion of ruthless submarine warfare.
There was an air of restrained 'excite
meat at the Capitol, but the leader on J
both sides seemed disposed to wait
calmly for action by President Wil-
son.
In the House, the only public ref- j
erence to the situation was made by
Majority Leader Kitchin, who plead
ed for a reconsecration of patriotism
to the union.
"It is incumbent in this grave time
upon every American citizen who
loves his country," he said, "and is
doubly incumbent upon the American
Representatives in this House, to do
everything that will promote in this
hour National unity, National love,
National fraternity.'"
Senator Lodge and McCumber, Re
publicans, delivered prepared speeches
on President Wilson's world peace ad
dress, prefacing them with words of
caution. Senator Lodge declared that
the German note had heaped upon
the President a great responsibility,
and added "no word shall fall from
my lips which might in any possible
way embarrass him at such a time."
COMMITTEE OF REICHSTAG
STUDY SUBMARINE QUESTION.
Berlin, via London. Chancellor von
Bethmami-Hollwegg and other Min
isters attended an important meeting
of the Ways and Means Committee of
the Reichstag, at which the entire war
situation was gone over and new steps
planned by the Central Powers were
considered. The Chancellor opened
the sitting with a speech of which the
keynote words wer:
"We have been challenged to fight
to the end. We accept the challenge;
we stake everything and we shall be
victorious."
SUBMARINE FIRfcO
ON AMERICAN SCHOONER.
Pensacola, Fla. The American
schooner William Jones, was fired
upon by a German submarine, appar
ently in the Bay of Biscay, several
weeks ago, according to a letter from
Capt. Charles Shrader, master of the
schooner,, which was received by Alex
Zelius, Norwegian Vice-Counsul here.
The letter indicated that the schooner
was damaged by the submarine's
fire. The schooner was en route from
Aucante, Spain, to Pensacola.
"NOT GUILTY" VERDICT
IN SPANELL CASE.
San Angelo, Tex. Harry J. Spanell,
who was found not guilty in district
court here for the killing of his wife,
Mrs. Crystall Spanell, was granted
change of venue to Coleman county
on the indictment charging him with
having killed Lieut. Col. M. C. Butler,
of the United States Army, and was
released on $5,000 bond. It was stat
ed that Spanell probably will be plac
ed on trial at Coleman in May for
the killing of Butler.
ESTRICTED
NAVAL WARFARE
GERMANY GIVES WARNING OF
RENEWAL AND EXTENSION
OF SUBMARINE BLOCKADE.
CRISIS CONFRONTS U, S.
Peace and Means of Peace Go Glim
mering With Announcement of Cen
tral Powers of Proposed Naval
Policy. A Starvation Blockade.
iV ashington. Germany has declar
ed unrestricted submarine warfare.
A starvation blockade of England,
the like of which the world never has
seen, was announced in notes deliver
ed to American Ambassador Gerard in
Berlin, and to the State Department
here by Count Bernstorff.
Thus begins the long-feared cam
paign of ruthlessness, conceived by
von Hindenburg, it was said here, on
a magnitude never even contemplated
by von Tirpitz.
Again the United States faces sev
erance of diplomatic relations with
Germany, with all its eventual possi
bilities. President Wilson's repeated
warnings of "a world afire" and Secre
tary Lansing's "verge of war" state
ments are being recalled in the Capi
tal with feelings of apprehension and
misgivings.
Germany's action is the super-crisis
of all those that have stirred the Am
erican Government in two and a half
vears of world war.
Talk of peace in Europe and means
of preserving the peace of the world
have gone glimmering.
President Wilson, incredulous at
first when the unofficial text of Ger
many's warning was brought to him,
at once called for the official docu
ment which had just been presented
to Secretary Lansing by the German
Ambassador. Mr. Lansing absolutely
refused to make a comment. Presi
dent Wilson began at once a careful
study of the document.
What Will President Do?
" President Wilson has the task of;
deciding what shall be the course of
the United States. Three immediate
steps appear among the possibilities.
The United States might solemnly
warn Germany against a violation of
her pledges; it might be decided that
the German warning is sufficient no
tice of an intention to disregard those
pledges and a sifficient warrant for
breaking off diplomatic relations; it
might be decided to await the results
of the blockade and determine the
course of the United States as the
actual operations to develop.
On almost every side Germany's
drastic action is interpreted as an open
confession of the effectiveness of the
British food blockade. It is regarded
as a determination to strike back in
kind. German officials in the United
States estimate the food supply on the
British Isles will last a month. Admit
tedly the plan is to carry starvation to
the doors of England with swift, stag
gering strokes, as a fulfillment of Ger
many's announced determination to
use every weapon and agency at her
command to end the war uickly. She
counts on the operatiop of an unheard
of number of submarines to deliver
blows to bring England to her knees
within 60 days. One German official
here predicted the war would be over
in a month.
Conveyed to the world as the an
swer to the refusal of the Entente Al
lies to talk peace, Germany's latest
warning says:
"From February 1, 1917, within barr
ed zones around Great Britain, France,
Italy and in the eastern Mediterran
ean all sea traffic forthwith will be
opposed."
ENTENTE ALLIES READY
TO MEET GERMAN MOVE.
To Meet Such a Situation, Great
Britain Has Been Assembling
Fleet of "Sub. Chasers."
New York. Great Britain and her
Allies are prepared to meet Ger
many's moves in her submarine cam
paign, it was authoritatively asserted
in 'shipping circles here.
The .ports of Liverpool and Bor
deaux will be kept open at all hazards,
British steamship representatives as
serted, even if it becomes necessary to
convoy every merchantman which
crosses the Atlantic. The first step to
be taken by the British Admiralty,,
which virtually controls the merchant
fleets of the Allies, will be to arm ev
ery ship with guns fore and aft for de
fensive purposes, it was predicted.
To meet the emergency, the British
Government has been assembling for
months, it was said, a large fleet of
small, fast cruisers to be used as "sub
marine chasers."
The Admiralty has so arranged sail
ings and bookings, it was explained,
that they can be changed without
delay to meet whatever circumstances
may arise. The assertion was made
that there will be no interruption in
the sailings from American ports of
ships flying the flags of the Entente
Allies.
A marked advance in marine insur
ance rates was considered to be in
evitable. Ons way rates for American
vessels were seven per cent, while
there was a ten per cent war risk rate
on ship? clearing for Mediterranean
ports.
FORMAL RELATIONS
ARE TO RE RESUMED
FULL DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS TO
BE RE-ESTABLISHED WITH
MEXICO.
HOPE TO SOLVE PROBLEMS j
ministration Will Make Effort to
olve Questions With Carranza and
Also Aid Him in Establishing Con
stitutional Government.
Washington. Full diplomatic rela
tions with Mexico are to be resumed
immediately in an effort by the Unit
ed States to solve through formal
channels the troublesome questions
pending with- the Carranza de facto
Government, and for its moral effect
im u'ding Carranza to restore order
and set up constitutional Government.
It was announced after a Cabinet
meeting that Henry P. Fletcher, con
firmed as Ambassador to Mexico
months ago, would leave for his post
in a few days, accompanied by his
Embassay staff.
There has been no American Am
bassador at Mexico City since Henry
Lane Wil3on was recalled after the
killing of Madero and Huerta's as
sumption of power, and formal diplo
matic intercourse has not existed since
Huerta handed Charge Nelson
O'Shaughnessy his passports April 23,
1914, upon the landing of American
marines at Vera Cruz. Since the rec
ognition of the de facto constitution
alist Government subordinate officials
have been in charge of the Embassy.
Ambassador Fletcher will go by
steamer f"om New York to Vera Cruz
and from there to Queretaro or to
Mexico City, if by that time General
Carranza has re-established his Cap
ital there. He is expected to arrive
at h's post a few days after the last
American soldier has crossed the bor
der into the United States. Capt.
Frank R. McCoy, of the Third Cav
alry, has been detailed as military at
tache of the Embassy.
Although no official notification of
the intention of General Carranza has
been received, it is taken for granted
that he will at once send to Washing
ton an accredited Ambassador. Eliseo
Arrrdondo( now in Mexico on leave of
absence has been here as Ambassador
designate for more than a year.
It was indicated that the sending of
Ambassador Fletcher would be fol
lowed by an order for the reti'rn of
many consuls to their posts. Con
sular representatives at all interior
posts were withdrawn last summer.
BELGIANS ARE STILL BEING
FORCED TO ENTER GERMANY.
Report From the Hague Says Deporta
tion Continues at Lighter Rate.
The Hague. rThe deportation of
Belgian workmen continues, but at a
lighter rate than previously, accord
ing to information from an unques
tionable source. It is said that the de
portations from Brussels now are be
ing made at the rate of about 350
men daily. Many of these men, it is
alleged, are "net idlers, but skilled
workmen who have been engaged for
at least a part of their time in their
trade.
In some provinces the Belgians, it
is said, are adopting methods of pas
sive resistance in efforts to escape
deportation. This resistance takes the
form of failing to appear at the ap
pointed place for examination. Out
of 1,700 men called in five communes
near Malines, not more than one-half
presented themselves. Thereupon
the German military authorities ar
rested three prominent men in each
commune, solding them as hostage
until the appearaence of the absen
tees who in the meantime were hunt
ed by squads of soldiers. In Brussels
many of the summoned men who fail
ed to appear now are In hiding.
About one thousand Belgians called
with the work of the American Relief
Commission members of provincial
and communal committees of helpers
and storehouses, mills or soup kitch
ens have been deported to Germany
over the strong protest of the com
mission. ADMINISTRATION LEADERS
; HALT DEBATE ON PEACE
Washington Debate on President
Wilson's world peace address enliv- I
ened the senate for several hours be
fore it was halted by concerted ac
tion of administration leaders. Then
Senator Cummins' motion to take up
Vila T-ocr1ntirTi tr nirlp timp for a
general discussion of the subject was
tabled by a vote of 38 to 30. Senator
Martine. of New Jersey, was the only
Democrat to vote with the Republi
cans against the motion to table.
DECIDE QUESTION OF
' EXTRA SESSION LATER
Washington. President Wilson told
callers that the question of an extra
session of Congress after March 4 de
pended upon the legislative results of
the present session. He said he could
not decide whether to summon an ex
tra session until he is in a position to
know definitely what action on his
legislative program will be taken dur
ing the remaining weeks of the pres
ent Congress.
TORPEDO BOAT PUTS
IN AT MOREHEAD
THE BAGLEY. USED AS MINE LAY
ER, HURRIEDLY FILLS BUNK- '
ERS WITH COAL-
EXCITES COAST INHABITANTS
Rumored That Beaufort Harbor is to
Be Mined. Submarines Are Also
Seen Off the Coast.
New Bern. The torpedo boat Bag
ley, being used as a mine layer, came
into Morehead City's harbor unexpect
edly, and made hurried arrangements
for filling her bunkers with enough
coal for a long cruise. It was rumor
ed, although the officers commanding
the ship declined to affirm or deny the
report, that Beaufort harbor was to
be mined. Later it was announced
that the torpedo boat Warden and the
submarine K-2 were outside and the
Bagley was cast off and departed.
Authoritative information is to the
effect that the Bagley is conveying .
the other two boats to some unknown
point and, it is said, that she will re
turn to Beaufort harbor later. The
people at Morehead, City and Beau
fort are highly excited over the affair,
and fear they are in danger of being
attacked in case possible develop- '
ments occur.
Tar Heel Troop Movements.
Camp Stewart, El Paso, Texas. '
The First Regiment entrained for
hotme Friday, with everybody in th
best of health and spirits. The Sec
ond Regiment band gave the departing
troops a farewell serenade, and every
body remaining here turned out to see .
them off. They go to Asheville by
way of Kansas OHy and Memphis. '
The Third left Friday morning for
points on the border, and are scat
tered along the international boundary t
line from El Paso to Las Cruces.
They went in sixty big motor trucks.
They made a record seldom equalled
in getting away striking camp and
loading in thirty minutes.
The First leaves three sick men in
the camp hospital at Fort Bliss, these
will follow as soon as they are able to
move. Two prisoners were also left.
Private James R. Tate, of Company E.
to begin a six months' sentence at
Fort Bliss for insubordination, and
Private Willie J. Ashe, Machine Gun
Company, who will be sent to Fort
Leavenworth to serve two years for
selling government property.
Duplin Must Build Fence.
Warsaw. The order against the
county commissioners of Duplin to re
strain them from building the fence
around the county was dismissed by
Judge ,C. C. Lyon at the hearing at
Kenansville.
The mandamus to compel them to
build the fence was heard at the same
time, and the Jtidge issued an order
of premptory mandamus compelling
the commissioners to build the fence
as required by the statute.
The statute requires the building of
a fence around the county, or "such
parts thereof as border on stock law
territory," and aroUnd all the old spe
cial stock law districts, about 219
miles of fence estimated to cost over
$100,000. Te sentiment in the county
has changed considerably since the
vote was taken in 1915, and a reat
many of the people who voted for the
free range are now opposed to the
old system, and to the paying of a tax
for building the fence.
Goldsboro Sets Higher Goal.
Goldsboro. A preliminary meeting
of a score of representative business
men of Goldsboro was held to talk
over the plans for the erection in the
near future of a Community House for
Goldsboro, and in connection with
same the need of a public swimming
pool, a gymnasium, entertainment
rooms and auditorium. Those present
at the meeting listened to a very in
teresting talk by Mr. Joe Rosenthal,
who stated that it would take a larger
sum than $30,000, the amount first
suggested, in fact, that to build and
properly equip such a building it
would take at least $50,000. ,
Cuts Sister in Head With. Axe.
Statesville. A distressing accident
occurred, when Regina, the sixtyear-.
old daughter of Mr. and Mrs. DeWitt
Hoover, of Statesville, was struck On
the heId with an axe by her 10-year-old
brother Neil, who was chopping
wood. The little girl approached her
brother, who, unaware of her pres
ence, struck her in the top of the head
with the blade of the axe. The skull
was penetrated. The brain was unin
ured, however. The child was remov
ed to a hospital. It is stated that the
child will recover.
Fence Around Buffalo Herd.
Asheville. Work on the great wire
fence that is to inclose a herd of
bison and elk in "the Government's ,
share of Pisgah forest, on the Van
derbilt estate, is progressing rapidly,
and half the fence has already been
erected. The pasture, with the extra .
high wire fence, is declared to be
the only one of its kind east of the
Mississippi, and is attracting a great
deal of attention throughout this sec
tion. When completed, the elk and
buffalo will be in plain sight of tha
motor road leading to Mt. Pisgah,