' ' - ''.'!. .. ; .... ' ' ' .' ' .!'"' ...... :
mm
7
Published every Friday, by Weston' 11. Gales, Ktlitot-jina Proprietor, at Three Dollars per Annum.
VOL. XLV.
FRIDAY, JOTTi: Is, 1844.
NO. 39.
MJ WE
fir. nn TNf ttvvi iffi in ilrsr-
it
7SSSSBTSL .. . " '
Wo mud reject both tho do&ines of free trade
and of a high and exorbitant Tariff The parti,
zans of each must make koine sacrifices of their
peculiar opinion. They must find some common
ground, on which both can stand, and reflect that,
if neither haa obtained all that it desires, it lias
secured something and what it dues not retain
haa beengotten by its friends and countrymen.
There are very few who dissent from the opinion'
. that, in time if peace, the federal revenue ought
to bo drawn from foreigtumports, without resort
ing lo internal taxation. Ilerejs a. basis for ac
commodation, and mutual satisfaction.; Let ih
amount, whjeb. in requisite for an economic! ad. 4
..ininjsLratwn c-r.Uia government, when we are not
atntnkad in, van ihe raised efelusivelv on fncir,.,
Mr Clay'. Speech continued from fourth n- i
! imwts;nd in adjusting a tariff fur that purpose,
; u : mui Ji l u ii ti ' nvk niSBXLM If iit urn r
nd enaoura our own domestic industry. All
i parties ought to be satished with a tariff tor reven
ue and discriminations for protection, (n fhus
settling this grefet and disturbing questitn, in a
npirit of mutual concession and of amicable con),
promise, we drftuf Wlow the noble Sample of
our illustrious ancestors, in the formation and
adoption of o:ir prosent happy constitution. It
wa that benign spirit that presided overall their
' deliberations, land it has been in the same spirit
lint all the threatening crises, tint have arisen
luring the progress ofthe administration of the
convolution, jiave been happily quieted and ac
co'iiinodated. Next, if not superior in importance to the
question of encouragiiiif the national industry,
is that of the national currency. I do not pur
pose to discuss the point, whether a paper rep
resentative of the precious inotals, in the form
of bank notes, or ia other forms, convertible into
those metals, on demand, at the will of the hold
er, be or be not desirable and expedient. 1 be
lieve it could be easily shown, that in the actual
state of the commercial world, and considering
the amount and distribution of the precious metals
throughout the world, such a convertible paper is
indispensably necessary. But that is not an open
question. If it were desirable that no such paper
should exist, it is not in the power of the Gene
ral Government, under its present Constitution,
to put it down or prevent its creation and circu
lation. Such acpnverjjble jwper has exist&d,
does exist, and probably will always exist, in
pito of tho General Government. The twenty
six States, which compose the Union, claim tbe
right and exercise the right, now not to be con
troverted, to authorize aiid put forth such a con
vertible paper, according to their own sense-of
their respective interests. If even a largo ma
jority of the States were to resolve to discontinue
tbe use of a paper representative of specie, the
paper would nevertheless be created and circula
ted, unless every State in the Union abandoned
its use ; which nobody believes is .ever likely to
h'ippen. If sorno of the Stales should continue
to employ and circulate such a paper, it would
How into, and be current in other States that
might have refused to establish Dinks. And, in
tho end, the States which lind. them not, would
find themselves, in self defence, compelled to
charter them. I recollect, perhips my friend
near me, (Mr. B. W. Loigh.) if he bo old enough,
may lso recollecL tlw.Introuuion-oi parmff...
our native State. Virginia adopted slowly and
reluctantly tho Banking system. I recollect,
when a boy, to have baen .pressnt in 1792 or
1793, when a debate occurred in the Virginia
legislature on a proposition, I think it was, to re
neHw tho charter of a bank in Alexandria the
tirst that ever was established in. that State,
and it was warmly opposed and carried with
noine difficulty. Afterwards, Virginia, finding
herself surrounded by States that had B tnks,
.u,. .u w -uhiect to all their inconve-
niences, whatever they might be, resolved to
establish banks upon a more extensive scale,
and accordingly did establish two principal banks
with branching powejwaecure w .';,"
no fir a ml o-hr arise from such institutions
The name necessity that prompted, at that pe
riod, the legislation of Virginu, would hereafter
influence States having no banks, but adjacent
tr. those which had. It follow?, therefore, that
there are and probably always -.v. 1 be local DanKs
ftfteiv rivals, not only act-
r Anr-rr. hilt. ill CO 481011 Willi CaCD
other, and having very imperfect know edge ot
.he rreneral condition of the wiioie circuiauu.. .
the United States, or the state of our monetary
-L..;n. ,v!.h for,.iirn Powers. The inevitable
consequence must be, irregularity in their move
ments disorder and unsoundness in the cur
rency, and frequent explosion The existence
of local banks, under the authority and control
r .u- Stntps. heirets a necessity for
United States Bank, under the authority and
control of the General Government. 1 ho
...u-i- f mverninerit is distributed in
the United States between the States and the
. . , ill tlmt i. irmipral ana ua-
leaerai AjrovemiiiBin. t, .
Onnrtinato the federal government, all
that is limited and local to the State governments.
The States cannot perform the duties of the gen
eral eovernment, nor ought that to attempt to
i . the trusts
penun... -''" ",,, We want
counueu w me ouio Sv, M,inllnl Post
ottioe esiaous'Hk"h',,r.v.i n
trade
""tk" . , t wr..
above all, perhaps, we warn a inaiuiiai
Thn diittr of suoDlvin? these National means of
- . r T . L ....
afety,conveniei)ce anu prosperity musi oe eu
wmA i.r the trancral e-overntnent, or it will remain
neglected and unfurled. The several States
can uo uiore supply a national currency than they
can provide armies, and navies for tho national
defence. - The necessity for a national institution
a . n.t Msnlt merelv from the existence of local
institutions, but it arises also out ot mo uci inn
all the great commercial nations of the world ha.ye
their banks. England, France, Austria, Russia,
Holland, and all the great Powers of Europe have
their national banks. It ia said that money is
oowcr. and that to embody and concentrate it m
bauk, ia to create a great and dangerous power.
Bui we may search the records of history, and wo
ehall find no instance, since the first introduction
of banking institutions, any one of them having
nought to subvert the liberties of a country or to
create confusion and disorder.- Their well being
tlepemls upon the stability bf laws and legitimate
and regular administration ..of government. If
it were true that the creation of a bank is to cm
body a monied power, is not such a powerjn tbe
hand of the general government necessary to
protect the people against the monied power in
lie form of banking institutions in the several
States, and in the hands of Foreign Governments!
Without It, how can theeommerce of the United
States ope and competcrrith the eommerce of
foreign Powers having national banks ! In the
"commercial struggles, which-jre constant y in
operation between nations, should we not labor
"under great and decided disadvantage. If we tod
y . ... r . .1.
no bank and they had their banks? We all re
collect, a few year ag-o, when it wia alleged to
be the policy of ilie ban k of England to reduce the
priee of our groat Southern staple, in order to
accomplish that object, the policy was adopted of
refusing to discount ilie notes and bills of any
English houses engaged in the American trade.
If-a ftanb nf ih. o. I l i
,. ... ... .... . .
tonce at that tuna, it could have adooted mine
measure of counteract
j
and the bank of England effected its purpose.
jim-.uuu , iiui mere was none,
It has been asked, what, will you have banks,
merely because the monarchies of Europe have
them! Why not also introduce their Kiiy, Lords
and Commons, and thalr aristocracy ! "This is a
very shallow- mode of reasoning. I might ask, in
turn, why have armies, navies, -laws regulating
trade, or any other national institutions or laws, be.
WHWB llniwililliii,i i intimrmrmmmmmmmmimmm
yhyveat,'or drink, clothe or house ourselves,
fcetflluse rnonarchs nerfonn these operations lr
Fsuppose myself the rnunc of true wisdom, and
of fonimon sense, to be to draw from their arts,
seleneos.and civilizaticyi.und political institutions,
whatever is (rood, Slid avoid whatever is bad.
Where, exclusive of those who oppose the es- 'f llleir llulJ's or hasten the completion ol iniior
, , i . 1 .: : i.:.. i. ...i...i n n. .. ull .
tablishment of a bank of the United States upon
constitutional ground, do we find the greatest op
position to it? Von arc, fellow-citizens, perhaps
not possessed of iufoi'.iritio:i, winch I happen to
have acquired. The greatest opposition to a
bank of the United States will be found to arise
out of a foreign influence, and m iy he traced to
the bankers and brokers of Wall Street in New
York, who are wielding a foreign capital. Foreign
Powers and foreign capital see, with satisfaction,
whatever retard.-i tlio growth, checks the pros
perity, or arrests th- progress of this country.
Those, who wield that foreign capital, find from
experience, that tliey can employ it to the best
advantage, in a disordered state of the currency,
and when exchanges are fluctuating and irregu
lar. There are no sections of the Union which
need a uniform currency, sound and every where
convertible into specie, on demand, so much as
you at the South and we in the West. It is in
dispensable to our prosperity. And, if oar breth
ern at the North and the Ensl, did not feel the
want of it themselves, 4?ince it will do them no
prejudice, they ought, upon principles of eympa- j
my nuu inumai uccuiiiiijouiiuu, io cuucui in sup
plying what is bo essential to the business and
industry of other sections of the Union. It is said
that the currency and exchanges have improved
and are improving, and so they have, and are. This
improvement is mainly attributable to the salutary
operation of the tariff of 1842, which turned the
balance of foreign trade in our favor. But such
is the enterprize and buoyancy of our population
that we have no security for the continuation cf
this state of things. The balance of trade may
take another direction, new revulsions in trade
may take place, seasons of distress and embar
rassment we must expect. Does any body be
lieve the local banking- system of the United
States is competent to meet and provide for these
exigencies! It is the partof a wise government
to anticipate and provide, as far an poi.u. i.
all these contingencies. It is urged against banks
that they are often badly and manonesuy auuim-
ing that banns are auenueu wim unwind n.
some inconvenience, but that is the lot of all hu
man institutions. The employment of steam is
often attended with most disastrous consequences,
of which we hive had recent melancholy exam
ples. But does any body, on that account, mum
of proposing to discontinue the agency of steam
Dower either on the land or the water! The
i . . . . f A..
most that IS thOUgllt Ot IP, lint II uecuuiea uui uu-
ty to increase vigilance anuinuiupiy prccauuuur!,
against the recurrence ot acciuem.s. is io umiiw,
the true question is, whether the sum of the in
convenience of dispensing with them would not be
o-reater than any amount ot wliicli tney are pro
Suctive? -And,"- in any new chirters that may
be granted, we should anxiously endeavour to
provide all possible restrictions, securities and
guaranties against their mismanagement, which
reason or experience-may suggem..
Such are my views of tho question ot estab-
lishing a Bank of the United States. Ihey have
hreir lomr.and honestly, and sincerelyentertain-
ed by me; but I do not seek to enforce them upon
any others. Above all, 1 uo not oesire any oaim
of the United States, attempted or established.
unless, and until, it is imperatively demanded, as
I believe demanded it will be, by the opinion of
ilie peojnu.
I should have been glad, fellow-citizensr, it I
1...I n.l .Irnnirlh In ninllP :i T - ill eXOOSI'.Ion
i .i..r,, m,
ot mv views anu ou. iuuu u win ' e gioi --
01 WA . . t .:. :.!, ... A ;.U ,,H .nrritnlP
sures aim 4uem.... - "o "
been able io make a full examination of the prin -
. i ni.Ani1 iinto nnriii nannv in i, vk
:io. .nrl m.n .nnir.r nnr nnnonents. if we could
Wl' ...... I 1
1 . 1 .. I
nrd out what they are, and contrast ihetn with
our own.
I mean them no disrespect ; I wou
nnt imr. one word to wound the teeiings 01 any
one of them : but I am really and iinatlecteuiy
- - . - ,.
. c.i f ....Ktltf r. n ! 1 -ukili
gnoratuot me measuie ui imui.v. Kv..., V i
! lev are Uesirous 10 proiu;u,'auu wii"
hl!UY ,l.v -J -- y - .il
in direct opposition to every measure which the
Whigs espouse ; but what are their substitutes!
Rnow wnm nre-j v,i f-- 1
The VVkiere bolieve that lite executive power
has, dMring the twojasi anu itie preseni nuunu-
has, daring ine two iai- !? I! ?
istrations, been intolerably abused; that it hns dis-
i k- k'vltnitAa nf thn nrn 1 1 1 ii Mnn ! and
lUrUcU l IIU uaianvio
that, by its encroachments upon the co-ordinate
branches of the Government, it has become
alarming and dangerous. The Whigs are there:
lore desirous io restrain si wu.ui" vunoni.ui.i.i
and proper limits. But our opponents, who as
sume to be emphatically the friends of the peo
ple, sustain the Executive in all its wildest and
most extravagant excesses. They go for Vetoes,
in'all their variety ; for Sub-Treasuries, stand
ing armies, Treasury circulars. Occupying a
similar ground with the Tories of England, they
stand up for power and prerogative against privi
lege and popular rights. The Democrats or Re
publicans of 1798-'9, taught by the fatal exam
pies of all history, were jealous and distrustful
of "Executive power. It was of that department
that their fears were excited, and against that
thejr vigilance. v,a. directed. The Federalists
of that day, imbibing the opinion from the foun
ders of the Constitution, honestly believed that
the Executive was tbe weakest branch of the
Government, and hence they were disposed to
support and strengthen it. But experience has
demonstrated their error, and the best part of
them have united with the Whigs. And the
Whigs are now in the exact position of the Re
publicans of 1798-9. The residue and probably
.k larmsr nart of the Federalists joined Our oppo.
nemai'and they are how in the exact position of
the Federalists of 1715-. ma mis amerence
that they haye shut their eyes against all the
Hightt of experience, anusne tn reuera i uoe.
trines of that day far beyond the point to which
they were ever carried by their predecessors.
Bm I urn lresf)OMing too long on yoof aiiencc, ami
mutt liasivn to a clow. I regret ilmt 1 uni ioo much
eiliuiMteil, ami have not time to discus oilier in:er
eaiinii solijecis tlmi rnyave llin nliic aneiinon. I
i slioiilJ be very glad to express 10 you my views on
tho public ilouiHin ; but I huve oltcu, on the floor ol
, ,Jie natg n, ol, older public occasion, niny rx-
i ... i :. .. J ni
I l014 i'iciii. i i.uii?iiirr it hid tu'iimvi.
ilie naiiii
naiion and the whole nation. I believe ii to be
essential id its preservation and the preservation ot the
funds which may accrue fiom iis sale, that it should
be withdrawn from the theatre ot party politics,
and from I tie temptations and abuse, incident
)q id whilst it reunion there. I tlmtk that fund
ought to be distributed, upon juil aiid libfiul prin
ciples, . among all the Slates, old us well new.
If that be not done, there is much tround to appre
hend, at iio very distant period, a toial loss of I he Ii
ex innjutfu ramnumttm I tlia I- I r-
think that thl -protepds of ' Public
Laiiili may be?Wetf3rW', to the several Slate;, to be
ppliel by ilifToqeBeiit l-cal objects. In llieir
hands, j'uliciouDly.uthmaJ, they will ligliientho bur
then of uiiorniil taxauon, the only form ol raiding Rev
enue lo which l tie y cun resort, and ussjist in die pay-
mill uujcin, ill viiii.ii inc wiiic ii'ii, iia i wo
tlieinelve, Hre imeresled nnd will he beneliitrd.
On ilie tuljjoct of Abolition, I um persuaded it is
noi necessary 10 say one word lo this enlightened ns
eiiii,nje. My opinion was folly expressed in tbe
Sumiie of the -United Stoles a few years no, and the
expression ol it was one of the assigned causes of my
not roeei linn ilie iioinmation a n caiidulate lor tbe
Presidency in December 1839. But, if there le any
one who doubts or desires to obtain lurilier iiiloruiulion
ntxriil my views, in ies.ect lo that unlonnnaie ques
tion,! rclcr him to Mr. Mcndeiiuall,of Richmond, Iii
ilinni. 1 hope nnd believe, fellow-citizen!, that brighter
ihiys nrnl belter times are approaching. All ilie ex
hibitions of popular feeling all the mauifesttiiions of
the public wishes ihis spontaneous and vast assem-bl-.ijje
deceive us, if the scenes and the memorable event
ol 1S0 nrc not going lo he renewed and re eimcied.
Our opponents complain of the means which were
employed to bring ulioui that event. Tln-y attribute
their loss of itie public conlidence 10 the popular meei
ingi nnd processions, io ihe display of banners, tho
ttsi ol log cabins, tho YVhi; sor.gs, and the exhibition
of coons, which preceded the event of MO. Mow
greatly do they deceive themselves 1 What little
knowledge do they thply of -human nature!- AH
these were the mere jokes of the campaign. The
event i:self'was produced, by a strong, deep, and gen
eral conviciion pervadmg all classes, and impressed by
11 dear bought expeiience, that a change of both mea
sures and men was indispensable 10 lire welfare ol
the countiy. It wnsagreat and irresistible movement
ot" the people. Our upponenls were unable to with
stand, and were homo down by a popular current, far
more powerful than thut.ofthe mighty father of waters.
The symbols and insignia, of which they complain,
no more erea'ed or im.elled Uiat current, than the ob
jects which Uoat upon the bosom of the Mississippi
give impetus lo the stream. Our opponents proles to
bo jireai friends of the poor, and lo take a great inter
et in their welfare, but they do not like the log cabins
in which the poor dwell! They dislike llieir beverage
of hard cider. They prefer sparkling champaign, nnd
perhaps their taste is correct, but they ought to rellect
that ii is not within the poor man's reach. Thf-y
iirave a mortal nittita 10 girAw-anmn-nuing cooni", and
would prelor any other quadruped. And, its Sat our
W bin songs, 10 llieir e ihey appear grating and lull
ol' .lisi-ord.ulihona chanted oj - . -iyijuiijaers
uiul most meloilioiis voiees ol ilie land! ""KV..
sorry to disoblige our Democratic fnenJs, but I nm
ulraid ihev will have to reconcilt themselves, as well
n they can, to our log cabins, hard cider, and U hig
songs. Popular excitement, demonstiatiug a lively
interest in the ndrn nistralion of public affairs, is lar
preferable lo a slate of soilness, of sullen gloom, and
silent acquiescence, which denotes ihe existence 01
Ucspoiiso', or a stale of preparation lor ns iniroduc-
-.1- .i.-....Kd.l W tl.qt jvotl.niinl
tiou And we neeu noi oe ukiuiuct, .. -should
sometimes manifest itself, in ludicrous, but in
nocent, forms. But our opponents seem io have short
memories. Who commenced that species of display
und exhibition of which ihey now so bilterly complain?
Have they already forgotten the circumstances alien
ator, the campaigns ol 1828 and 1832? Have they
fbrgoiien the uso which they made ol the hog the
whole hot?, brisilos and all? Has ihe -scene iapeJ.
their recollection, of bursting the heads out of barrel,
not of hard cider, but of beer, pouring their contents
iivo ditches, nnd then drinking the dirty liquid? Do
they cease to -member the use which they made ot
tl.c hickory, of. hickory poles, and hickory boughs.
On more occasions than one, when it was previously
known that I was lo pass on a particular road, have 1
found the way obstructed by hickory boughs, strewed
alon it. And I wili not take up your time by narra
ting the numerous instances ol mean, low and vulgar
iruhgnity. to which 1 have been personally exposed.
Our opponents had better exercise a little philosophy
on the occasion. They have been our musters, in
employing symbols and Jey ices to. operate nponthe
passions of the people. And, il ll.ey would reflect
ami philosophize a liule, they would'arrive , iittl.econ-
1 1 .. ... . ru.dnr.ul mirtv
L .,varv. by means ol any
r-lnMon.th.it. whenever an army u i--
uuiirc.ce . j - - - - ... ,
nwiustrumcnt or aratagem, tlmt adversary will be
I " , ,,,,.. . cmnlov iho same mean.
at gi duiiis 'i - i rf
! I am irtily glad o see our yfTV'Tll.r.
I set.sj of order and decency
I should be siill happier,
. j . ..I . i' ,
thai
iU : 1 . .l.nmiiuh re orma-
. e ... .r,:ni. i ,io not approve
wai s mem alieau. rainer iunn
ve of
' noil Ul lllisiliicris- -' j - , r ,
u lo lhc paions of the people, or ot me use u.
- I . i .
t ilisgnsting or niiwonuj mean, ."i j 1 Can look and
iiwani IO ooeraie on
i see or llieir unuersiaiiuiun. m inllu-
ing.
i ib.i.Qlmruieill ol liogs auu "- , ,
ence me exercise ui i,icki...iii,-iiiici .
ulad to see them eniirely dispensed with. 1 should
D - r rl.a l.nilil
greatly preler io see every iree ciuku m ...
Stales deliberately considering uiid'delermiinng how
- h(S Ca promote'the Itonot end prosperity -M bis
0r hi, inestimable privileges,
. ,f. J . i i... .11 .;;.tasYfir'
.n.t .nmini, in th- nntl. unaffected bv all sinister exer
tions, and there independently depositing his stiff-age.
I should infinitely prefer lo we calumny, iaimu ..
detr.ct.on totally abandoned. aim .ru n su ,
and good faith alone practiced in an our ui-u."..- .
ami 1 think I niay venture to assure ouroprxnenis thnt.
whenever they are prepared to conduct our public di. -
:,.,.,;. o.i .i.rDiL.inn.. in the manneranJ uix.n
ihe principles which I have indicated, ihe Whig Par -
,y will be a, prompt in following
as they were slow and reluctant lo inutaie ineir u
J . , .i. I.I lu. mnre
one. The man does not ureame who wwum
happy than 1 should be, lo see all parties uniied,
haml nl lumber. Ia restore our beloved country W
what it has been, lo wbai i; is so capable of being, w
what il ever shonldTje, ihe great model ot sen go
i nnd liberal men llirougu-
.' .. . ...:..l .n.l ImnS-
Z,Z7:ZZf
tyrants.
rknow and deplore, deep.y deplore, me p( ,he Whigs, held in various parts Of the ouo
ion which hak so-extensively Tneva.w m k. have no
tnomlifcatiou
oer country, during a few past years- H .nou.u ,rj , Uie iai i.n...B..., -- ;
lo every man, who has an American heart, a source j rccor(l the details. We may do SO
ot the deepest mortification, and most painful tetjreu .. . -on m those
Falsehood nd treachery, in high places. peculaiK. hereafter. It is evident, however, even to those
and fraud among public servants, distress. n,tor' i, ho won't see that
m.nl anil ruin nninnu ill nconlo. dlStraCteU ttlO Ul I .
k i i , i., . ,ii uiiili contempt anu i
obloquy abroad, compose the sad fcainres. doting me :
period to which I have adverted of ooretifortunnle na-1
lional picture, I should rejoice lo see this gicst coon-
try once more itself again, and he history ot lbs P"
titfeen year shrouded, in a dark and inipeneiru
veil. Ld wi.v .hall wenotre it? W h-e
will U aw IBS I BVSIXJ , I (It I waiasa my r- .
for ui, and beriueathetijio us, tbe noble heritage wlcn -
W C ertlO) t 1V8 liaVS Otllv to rallir urnnnH tt. iiinliln.
lions n nteiesti of our iwloved couniry, regttrdlrss
of cvry fher consideraiion, to break, if necessary, the
c hairta oflparty, and rise, in the mnjesly of freemen,
mid MUfj bin and Hand np, firmly resolved to dare nil
uiid do Ml, to preserve, in iintullied purity, arid prrpe
lualetirininaired, ilie noble iuheriiance. wliicli i. our
, biriiiijai, anu ealtU to us with the blood ol our fa-
Ort3 Mrnrrl tnnr rjlnnf.n;!;... ...J I .i
; 1 repeAllmt 1 Imd antiripaied nincli irruiiflraiion from
my vw4Q your ointe. j una long anxiously wiilied
to visuii, to treaa iu oil on which American Intle
lietnif
was first proclaimed : lo minele with lliede-
frendanU of those who were the first to question ihe
aiyuif tjslit oi Kings, snd who, themselves, are sur
psksed r none in devotion to ihe cause ol human lib
ertyf ti to the Constitution anil the Union, its I .est
teour'i B. Only one circumstance has happened lo
dir- kibe satisfaction of my journey- 'When I left
nce in December, I antit-ipaicd Ihe hoppi-
ri amniiir mlipra. Vdiir T.AIIvnM. iIimii li.
wTth him Ure jhanT?ekSi,
House of Representatives He united all the rjrtnliiw.
which comrnaml esteem and admiration bland, pure,
patriotic, eloquent, learned nnd pions.and was belov
ed by all who knew him. Whilst vvi; bow in dutiful
submission to Ihe will of Divine Providence, who, du
ring tbe progress of my journey, has called him from
his family and from his country, we cannot but leel
nnd deplore tho great loss which we have all sustain
ed. I share il largely wiib you, fellow-cilizens, and it
isshared by the whole Union. To his bereaved fam
ily mid toyou, I offer assurances ol my sincere sym
pathy and condolence.
We are nbont, Fellow-cilizens, finally to sepnralo.
Nevrr again shall I behold ibis assembled multitude.
No more shall I probably ever see the benmifnl Ciiy
ol'ihe Oaks. Nevermore shall I mingle in the dt;
li(.'hiliil circles of its hospitable and uccompliflied in
habitants. Bui you will never, be forgonen in this
heart of mine. My visit io your State is an epoch in
my life. I shall carry with ine every where, anil car
ry hack to my own paltioiic Stole n grateful recollec
tion of the kindness, friendship and hospitality which
I hrivrt experienced so generously at you! hands. And
whatever may be my future lol or destiny, in re
lirenient or public station, in health or sickness, in ad
versiiy or prosperity, you may count upon me, as on
humble bin zealous co-operator wiib you, in all hon
orable struggles to replace the Government of our;
Couniry, once more, upon n solid, pure and patriotic
bn?is. I leave with you, nil thai it is in my power lo
offer, my lervenl prayers that one and aj pi 'you may
he crowned with the choicest blessings of Heaven,
that your days may be lengtlutned out to the ui most
period of human existence, that they may lie uncloud
ed, happy and prosperous, and lliat, when this mortal
career shall terminate, you may be translated to a bel
ter anil brighter world.
Farewell, Fellow citizens, ladies and gentlemen an
offectionale farewell to all of you!
RALEIGH, N. C.
TiiomIiij , June 2.1, 1844.
MP rjuvy-'jfa-fflrrj:
Vo are, at length, enbll to present to our
readers in llns paper, the Speech of Mr. Cr.Av,
made on the occasion of his visit to Raleigh, in
April last. We had prepared notes of it, as
soon as we could after its delivery, and trans-
milled thein to him at Washington ; but, owing
lo his incessant engagements, whilst there, and
to some confusion in the notes, he could not re-
vise and correct them until his return to jsh-
land, from whence we have just received them
in their corrected form.
We are sure that our readers, notwithstand
ing the delay, will be glad to receive now, a
production so acceptable, which, besides the in
terest it contains, has the recommendation ol
being the only Speech made by Mr. Clay, du
ring his late Southern journey, which has been
corrected by himself.
Extra copies of the Register, containing
the Speech, can be had at this Office.
- FOURTH OF JULY. -
We are pleased to seo that, all over lhc coun
try, proper measures are taking for the celebra
lion of our National Festival. It would be a
burning shame, vere its commemoration to fall
into desuetude. We are riot overburdened with
Festivals, and the course of industry and pains
taking proceeds with less intermission from
year's end to year's end, in this, than in any other
COon'ry.
In our own State hereafter, at least, we hone
to see the reading of the Mecklenburg Decla
ration of Independence substituted, on this day,
for the National Declaration; or, at least, asso
ciated with it. Every son of the Old North
should glory in the fact that she led the van in
the great work of National emancipation.
"We
- in ,ie
. uu.v. ..-n
; liiMorv of our g, a d;mmed by ihe he.
j - ftf 'ihi. authenticity
j r0ic deed ol July 4, ImG. Ot the autncnticiiy
( f (1)e . Meckleaburir Declaration, not a doubt
I. : .A..-.,;.. , nerfectlv set-
now remains. The question was pcnci.v.7 .
lied by the evidence collected and published
inder tbe direction, and by the authority of our
Gsneral Assembly, at its session of 1830-31.
' !
! OT There have been immense mas. maeting.
Every where, the eounlry s itM
For Hamt Clat and FaKfciseinms:.
CT We are compelled to postpone, until Fri
ijHbe cotnmwiicatien gijig an accouot of tbt
l . . - . -
Wsybe cctniminicatwn grjjiig aii accoBut ot
recent CoJiMrttct-nWat Wi Forest College.
jj
'
A TEMPEST IN A TEA-POT.
A Mr. Johnson, a Loco Foco member of Con.
gress from Tennessee, harangued the citizens of j
this place, on Saturday last, and, as wo learn, !
made a furious onslaught on tho ".great Govern.
or of North Carolina," and our humble self.
l,,sl,nB OCT" With having interfered lh Ilia
election to Conoress.
The precise charge against Gov. Mokeiiea$
war, that be received a loiter from Mr. Browk
Low, of Tenn. pending the election, asking in;
formation on certain points, (which the Governor
felt bound by all the rules of courtesy and civil, f
ity to communicate,) and he did so in the brief
est manner possible, without comment.
of the ckuwi
was the having imm ' TSwSSnTT
l a paragraph, that he (, Johnson.) was present in
Raleigh on a particular occasion, when, in fact,
he was not here a statement which heprpnoun
ccd " falee on his responsibility." We have no
recollection of (he circumstances, under which
the statement was nade, but we know itras he
licred to be true at the time, and this is the first
intimation we have ever received, that it was not
so. Instead of treasuring up this paragraph so
long, had Mr. Johnson informed us we had done
him injustice, we would cheerfully have correct.
ed the error, in as public a manner ns the asscr.
tion was made. Moreover, he was in this Cily
at LitciiFoed's Hotel, for five or six days before
the delivery of his Speech, within 50 yards of our
office, and could have had the erroneous state
ment immediately rectified,, on a suggestion to
that effect. But this would not have answered
his .purpose, as, then, he- would have lost (lie
most grandiloquent part of his Speech to make
which, - we infer, was tho' chief object of his
visit to Raleigh.
The Loco Foco party arc welcome to all the
benefits that may accrue from the obiceniiy and
vulgarisms of such Orators.
A POWERFUL ALLY.
TnoMAs LoKiiNG, Esq:, for many years the
Editor of the "North-Carolina Standard," then,
and now, the mouth-piece of the Loco Foco party
in this Slate, disgusted with the double-dealing
and hypocritical professions of his party, gives
notice, in the last number of his " Independent''
i BKLlonvYoT-i. g- nv a
our old political opponent into the Whig ranks,
confident, if he displays the same ability and vigor
in defence of Whig principles, as he has display
ed heretofore in support of their opposite, that his
efforts will tell with effect, in the great contest
now going on for the maintenance of popular rights.
We consider his change of tenets as a most re
markable illustration of the soundness of the ap
horism, that " Trt is mighty and will pretail."
It will take the public, we have no doubi, as it
has taken the Whigs here, entirely by surprize ;
as we are confident his new position has been
assumed without consultation, invitation, or any
knowledge on the part of the Whigs, that such
would be the case, until the Editor had made up
his mind in view of the alarming crisis to which
our political interests have arrived.
The space occupied by Mr. Ciay's Speech,
prevents us from saying more at present It
would give us pleasure to publish the whole
article announcing this change of views, but must
content ourselves with the following pregnant
paragraph :
" The Democratic Convention recently held nt
Baltimore, has developed incidents'and character"
that demand the attention and scrutiny of every
friend of fecdoin. Here we beheld Bank and
anti-Bank men; Unionistsand Disunionists ; Repn
diationists andanti-Repudiationists; Tariffiiesand
anti-Tarifntes met together in a spirit of mutual
malignity ; and after rejecting from their support
every man of mind and merit, we see them affect
to harmonize upon ' a man of straw,' and auda
ciously hold him up to the American People as a
proper candidate for the Chief Magistracy of this
great'and glorious Union. Is this the Democratic
1 a rty ? Js this the freedom of 4h Pu hi if. Wi II 1
Areilic TeopTe 'fo submit to this daring and reck
less despotism of selfish politicians and ambitious
demagogues ! For one, we say No ! ' Wo
will neither submit nor be cravenly silent. And
while we tender our heart-felt thanks and express
our warmest regards to the many pure and honest
men of the democratic party with whom we have
been associated, and from whom we have received
many kindnesses, we utterly repudiate and de
nounce the cpurse of the leaders who hold the desti
ny of the party under their control. From the tri
umph of this combination of selfishness, demsgog
tiism and disorganization, our country has nothing
of good to hope, but every thing of evil to fear; and
we believe that a consistent regard for the purity
of republican principles, will he best promoied in
tho support .if Whig Csndiddtes for the promt
nent offices now about to become vacant.
" We shall, therefore, in our next number, place
the names of Gbaham, and Clat. and Fueling
hut sen, at the head of our editorial columns, ind
endeavor to show that the safety and prosperity of
the country require their election."
ID" In 1840, it was common for the Whigs to
give barbeeues, and invite friends and opponents
to a general discussion. In this manner, an im
mense deal of good was wrought, and an immense
proportioD of light -diffused. We would recom.
mend the same course now. We would propose
to or friends in every Coonly, and every oeigh.
bood, to pursue this method of ssemWihg the
people of all parties to Wen to discussion.
IT Mr. Patne, of Alabama, now a warm ad
vocate of Mr. Poi.i'a election to tbe Presidency,
' declared to be the author of certiio articles in
'he Globe, written many weeks sgo, opposing Ilia
nomination for tho Vice Presidency. Among
many important objections, wu one that Mr.
Folk could not get the vote of hit own State,
and that in a difficulty with Mr. Wist, he had
not shown the spirit and courage of a gentleman.
But the tune is now changed. Mr. Polk is qual
ified for any station, and Mr. Polk can carry his
own State.
THE TEXAS QUESTION.
No report waa njade by the Committee ot fu
reign llektions upon the PreahlenVs MesMge,
.ftppsalintt t6 the llonse' from the Senate 'on the
- onciaaoif , opnoseu ti
uj iiHion on uie subject.
03 Daniel O'Connell has been sentenced by
the Court of Queen's Bench to be imprisoned for
twelve calendar months, to pay a fine of jC2,000,
and to enter jnto securities to keep ihe peace for
seven years himself in je5,000,and two sutatiea
of 3,000 each.
JAMES K. POLK.
In 1839, Congress being about to adjourn, the
usual complimentary Resolution Was offered to
the Speaker of tho House of Representatives
(Jaw es K. Polk.) Tho vote stood Ayes 94
Noes 57 ! Such Resolutions ordinarily pass
unanimously, even in high party times ; but so
flagrantly partial and unjust to the minority had
Mr. Polk's conduct been, that they administer,
cd to him a rebuke as pointed as it waa unpre
cedented. He who was so bitter a partisan as
Speaker, will not fail to be intolerant, prescrip
tive and tyrannical, as President.
O- There will bo a Meeting of the Clay Club
at the Court House, to-morrow (Wednesday,) at
half past two o'clock. Speeches are expected
from several gentlemen from abroad, amongst
them one or two members of Congress. Let
tub Wines rally.
NEW MOVE.
By their new position, the Loco Focos back
out from their old issues of 1840) and are attempt
rng to throw themselves upon new issues ; but it
ii uo. x no people have nad enodgn ol taoir
nppliances, and will not be gulled any longer. ,
COMMON SENSE.
Tho following Resolution, passed by ihe
Whigs of Camdefl county, Ga, is communicated
by General Duncan L. Clinch to the National
Intelligencer, as expressing his own views, and
so far as he is acquainted with them, the views of
the Whig party of the South. There is more
good common sense in these few words, than we
have yet seen elsewhere in ten times their com
pass, in any thing said upon the subject:
" Resolved, That upon the question of the an
nexation of Texas, we, as Whigs and citizens of
the South, are in favor of it under proper circum
stances of time and manner ; but that, io our
opinion, the sincere friends of the question should
regret Its introduction info the party politics of
the day ; that this course is alone calculated to.
defeat il entirely, by raising up a powerful party
in the country in opposition to it at the period
when it can be successfully accomplished.
What we lack in Presses, wc will make up in
public speakers. There are men whose tongues
are armed with eloquence and truth, who will soon
be heard in every State." The people the hrmest
people Will listen to the true history of this Ad
ministration, to the wrongs inflicted on their best
friend, and will rebuke with scathing indignation
the machination's-of1 the President's enemies.
Madisotiian-
The foregoing paragraph affords the cue, most
probably, to Ge n. S aunde it s' stu m p arrangements.
ReoistexJ
J3 OE AND TRIMMED HERRINGS
fV Rock Fish, Mess Rock. Rock Roe in
imn snu naif Barrels ; Sturgeon in half Barrels ;
Ocean Shad. -
Just to hand and for sale by
WMi PECK.
Raleigh. June 6lh 61 t
TUB Fall Session of Mr. and Inrs.
KAY'rt School In Louishurir, will
commence nn the 1st of July. Eflicienl
assistants have been employed in both department.
A. II. RAY.
June 1344." 61-21
33 Standard anJ TarWo Pres.each twir.
T
O ELECTRO-TYPE GILDERS An
DAGUERRIANS. The Subscriber
have on band a well-selected assortment ( Chemicals
suitable for the above operators, con.Uling in part1
the followios articles JSitrie Acid. Proesiste of Pot
ash. Muriatic Acid. Cjanoret of Potass, Potassian,
8ulph. Copper, Chlorate of Potaasa. Alse, Weieh
maker's Oil and Brashes. -
JunJ6.
WHITE LEAD.
-l aTX -rx KEGS of Wetberell's Philsd. 'Whits
1 1 1 1 P Lead jast to hand, and for sals very low,
V 8TITII at PESCUD.
ALSO, a large supply of GRAY'S
OINTMENT, for sale by ihe gross or shifts box.
at Manuu.un.r-. prices. &
MkK BARRELS Of CUT HERRING je.t
A mu some to band, and for tale by
TOENEIt
HtCJHE8
,, n. f. M.y If . : -