Newspapers / The Weekly Raleigh Register … / April 17, 1850, edition 1 / Page 2
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r: ' i ' , - , - ' , . . vs..- - . - , .... ;,,- i t - in announcing?' i Mr. Tt becomes, Mr. Fc--v- . jeccwe 01 ty to announce $enat0r of the 2e Hon. John C Caa Sen South Carotin. at 7 IA.-I0in21.1a tnis ciy j 7- -.mon! the HT - or - it. no KHisei . a, .ic:,.k aep.the!eeprfalon hr,fe SQ Irrmwt no dawning. "V" ht to him no bri-htlqnlhiimorninsT j healing in it belivet 0f 0ur State, come We. thereprentat,je. ot to iTr of the deceased, the life, Mr.rS3e.wdbound.S but, were not confined by mete a on tne uru r-- and 1 . eracv. -6--." -. rountrv Carolina hi. heart to o "ffered to mourn her will not, therefore, be goffered o m honWedson -ouud her but her sister State. ; wiu ga -n in this palace of that bier, weep as she weept and mourn mourning of her with tne aeep, "IT, I Ihonored ner uouu-cu ----- which occur- Yes, sir ; issociatic red when the e . 7.tt KUhlrth. m the associauui . f xiiu" u:ti- . nun i S affected by the struggle, and To x .gnu ?T H.t- i;h.rtv seemed as if he were tne pwi . v ,fjnffl. Rear under the command of the Governor ff ew York, crebot-torcUre;m towtoevd that Governor haawritten torvJi that he had exhausted hii ofvrt crtS and the credit of all those "whos retburCM he could command, and his .Weans were f xhauiv ted ; and unless in a short period moejr waa tent on to invigorate the troops, the vtnust end, and our country bow down t a (Victori ous foe sir, upon that occasion ; Mrj,Madi lon became so disheartened, ihat-jie assem bled hit counsellors, and asied for; advice and aid; but advice and aid they had not to ve.- At length Mr, Dallas! the Secretary of the Treasury, said to Mr. Madisorj. "Tou are sick ; retire to your chamber ; leave the rest to us. I will send to the Coital for the youthful Hercules, who hitherto has borne the war upon his shoulders, and he will cpun sel us a : remedy. V Cxitoaton came. He advised and appealed to the j States (for the iMn f thiir credit. It seemed as if a new i:Kf hi humt imon the cabinet. ! His ad vice Was taken. The States 'generously res nnnrlAd to the appeal. These were time of fearful import. We werej engaged in war with a nation whose resources were ample, while ours were crippled. Qur ships-of-war, few in number, were compelled to go lortn on the broad bosom.of the deep, to encounter ihme fleets which had sijnalized themselves at the battles of Aboukir and Trafalgar, and annihilated the comDinea navies 01 rraiw and Soain. But there was art; inward strength there was an undvine confidence in th,e hearts of a free people ; and; they went lortn 1 to battle and to conquest. I Sir. the clansr of arms and the snouts 01 the Wounded feelins. and by a ffenerout dead, sir; compromise on - all parts, the people of the friend lost to Mr 'country land tn hi 4kuu .w hearth shall burn, oouiu were ic uwn uuwvT.-T- --. V I vor mm no more me Dia' u-ui,i lor wile nor ctuidren more "w the North yet lea to enjoy he frliits of her nnctrv unr) to Twooresa ri her fflorioui ad- vancement in all that is virtuoui m industry and e'evatea in sentiment , ' "r --ft ul UC Hliuieu liui uia i-vs iyi tic horizon. V He looked abroad at our rela tions Jwithl the nations, a saw bur increase of strength. He measured 6ur resources, and was willing at once to settle all dux difficul ties with foreign powers ij a permanent ba sis. With Britain we had causes of content tion, oftleep and long standing. ; He resol ved, if the powers of his intellect could avail aught before he departed hence, that these Questions should be settled for a nation's hon or and a nation's safety. He faltered not. I know (for 1. wai present) that when tne Ashburton treaty was about to be made when there were apprehensions in the cabii net that it would not be anctioned by the Senate a member of that cabinet called to consult Mr. Calhoun, and to ask if he would give to it his generous support. The reply at that moment of Mr. Calhoun was eminent ly satisfactory, and its annunciation to the cabinet save assurance to the distinguished nor sacred home. But be shall inoruy amid his own native hills, with no dirge but u r.u .:LA. and. afterawhile. no tears to moisten his grave but the dewiof t - - , " - tu.. 4j .:ilTivelh: he hveth in t -i--.fi. ..ft!' in the memory of tne nearisui 111s menus, -- - . his services, in the resject pl the States, in the affections, the devoted affections of that u.hnA k .ho.;.K;. Jle will live in the nfTl .thev shall unfold their pa- ees, rich with virtues, titffhe eye of the yet Ho livM. and will continue to live the advance of that .n;onn tr hJrh bv his intellect, he so n..k..4 in thfi disenthral ment ot IIIULII UJIIIIIUU1CU, - i man from the restrictions of government, m the freedom of intercourse of nations, and kindreds, and tongues, which makes our common mother ebth throw from her lap her bounteous plenty unto all her children And it may be, that with the example set to other nations, there shall arise a union of thought and sentiment, and that the strong Suisncu I .c- l i U k- .Urn nr,li nf love. Secretary of State, who ,0 eminently had I nS from the conducted this important, rieotialion. He bantized in the very font of feedom. , near- . iCarcely died apng the dark wi- ed amid the hardy scenery f f nitureand a- . Nia?anihe waf upon the plains and reserved popui- f 0 . had iuit sonts ouf with a blaze of - V 'j ... k ih tftmDtations, ana , , ..... inrn tion, unseaucea - . he thered gpry wut-n W'"-' : . ed by tne iuxunc , . ed to tmg ycmtniui pamoi, uu uu reutu unnerv P'l ,u-.nh ,n iranscendently marked his restraints . 1 in inose oi the regions life. Unfettered ay w T d indulged those solitary thoughts, in ram-Slin- through her mighty forest, which gave -5u ' ..1: f- of think n and reflection 1,:: micrhtv soul. He was 1 1-.- tt fi-w books, and over who iLiicw u .. a.., minds learning had not yet thrown it efful lr . But hi sathered rich lore winch sur passes that of Greek or Roman story. At an Us when youths are generally prepared to can the classics he was yet uniniiiaieu ... Under the tuiuon 01 Waddle; his relative and He was among a people whose their rudiments veuerable Doctor his country in the dark hour of her peril. Mr. Monroe transterred him 10 nis caoinei ; and upon that occasion, so confused was the Department ot War, so compucaiea ana ais- ordered, that Mr. William Loundes, a friend of Mr. Calhoun, advised him against risking the hio-h honors he had achieved upon this floor, tor the uncertain victories 01 an execu tive position. But no man had pondered more thoroughly the depths, 01 nis own minu and the purpose of his dwn heart noie knew so well the undaunted resolution and energy that always characterized him ; and he resolved to accept, and did. He related to me, what was extremely characteristic, he went into the Department,? but became npt of it for awhile. He sve ho directions he I 1 . . Z . nn lx.r if. nut r 1 rr r A tcuckuh. " . . . , 1 1 lei U1C .nac.J.llcry iiiuvc uii; uy muniuwp r.;-A h. nuir.klv acauired wnai tnaigeuuc- . . , rni,,rej uu liivuv., j - - , r 1 ills. Ill 111c mean uiiiv. uv . "... man was able to impart, and even tnen oegan m;nuteneg which characterized him, to develop those mighty powers 01 c.wr pc.- f . connected with the workinor of ception, rapid"analysts, quick comprenenMo... n,achinery. with that power of irener vast generalization, -tor wn.cn ne was alizalon for which he was so remarkable, he quently so eminently uisunguisucu. .v :.,d Knt a verv short time at his school, and returned again to his rustic employments But the spirit had been awakened the in- :4: 1,1,1 mm like to a spirit from on Lh nA he felt that within him were found treasures that learning was essential to unfold. He gathered ud his patrimony, he hastened to the collese of Yale, and there, under the tuition of that accomplished scholar and pro xnd ihonlrwlan. Rev. Dr. Dwisht. he be came. Ln a short period, the first among the foremost, indulging not in the enjoyments, in the luxuries, and the dissipations of a col lege life, but with toil severe, with energy unbendin?. with devotion to his studies, he r-j iigu; arvl " a man among bovs intellectual with his great master, the keen eye'of Dr. Dwight discerned the great qual- . " L 1 ! A AU. rr . n .nH TrA- incauons wnicu niarKcu uic mau, auu h-" pnCS.eU ll.C IIUUUIS Uldl imic tanu u u.- 'pathway. He was solitary, and associated not much with his class. He indulged his propensity to Bolitude j he walked among the elm that surround that ancient college ; and in the cells, in the secret shades ot that in - atitution, he felt that dawning on his mind -which was to precede the brighter apd the greater day ; and raising himself from the materialitY around him, he soared on the wings of contemplation to heights sublime, and wielding his flight along the zodiac, rais ed his head among the stars. The honors of- the college became his meed, and departing thence with the blessings and the benedic- combined to?eth. r in one svstem, all the de- tached parts ; he instituted bureaus, impart ing individual responsibility to each, ana re quiring from them that responsibility in turn but uniting them all in Deautnui narmony and creating in the workings a perfect unity And so complete did that work come from his hands, that at this time Jthere has been no chansre material in this Department. It has passed through the ordeal; of another war, and it still remains fresh, arid without symp toms of decay. He knew that if we were to have wars, we should have the science to conduct them : and he therefore directed bis attention to West Point, which, fostered by his care, became the-great! school of tactics 1 1 r nis care. Decan.e 1 a mi v l a au ut. w - 1 1 , 1 1 : 1 . iv wmcn nave so lately Been espenenccu iu iu Mexican campaign. ? . . 1 But. sir. having finished this, work his mind linriively.lvalril tar mrao oihor ttret oK. ject on which to exercise - its powers. He beheld the Indian tribes, broken down by the pressure and the advances of civilization wasting away before the vices, and acquiring none of the virtues, ot the white man. His heart expanded with a philanthopy as ex ten ive as the human race. I He immediately conceived the project of collecting them into one nation, of transferring them to the other side of the great river, andi freeing them at once from the temptations and the cupidity o the Christian man Sir, he did not remain iri office, to accom plish this great object. But he had laid its foundation so deep, he had spread out his lions This venerable instructor, he repaired for a short period to the school of Litchfield, plans so broad, that he has reared to himself, and there imbibed those principles of the in the establishment of that people, a more common law Disea upon tne rights ot man, enduring monument than tbattles e er gave and throwing a cordon around the British and the American citizen. He left, and upon his return home, was greeted by the glowing presence of his friends, who had heard from -a distance the glad tidings of his studies and his success. He look at once his position a- mong nis neignDors. He was sent by them to the councils of the State ; and there, amid tne glittering array of lofty intellects and en jiobled characters, he became first among the first. fa But that sphere was too limited for the ex pansibility ot a mind which seemed to know v . 1 . . 1 - no nmii Dut tne good ot all mank nd. At the age of twenty-eight he was transftrrpd , to this hall. He came not, sir, to a bower of ease: ne came not in the moment nf - ... v u v VI fUll" and gathered more glorious: trophies than can be plucked upon the plains of war. The tri umphs of war are marked by desolated towns ind conflagrated fields ; his triumphs wilj be seen in the collection of ihe Indians tribes, constituting a confederation among them selves, in the school-houses, in the valleys, in the churches that rise with their fpire from the hill-top, in the clear sunshine of heaven. The music of thai! triumph is not heard in the clangor of the trumpet, and the rolling of the drum, but swells from the clang of the anvil, and the tones of the water-wheel, and the cadence of the mill-stream that rolls down for the benefit of the poor red man.; ' Sir, he paused not in his career of useful- nesa; he was traniierred, py tne -vptet oi a shmeoftnhquility, he came when the couh- grateful people, to the chair of the second try was disturbed by disension from within and pressed from without by the great pow ers of Europe, then contending for the mas tery of the world, and uniting and harmoniz ing in this, and this alone the de.tr,,t; officer of the government, j There he presi ded with a firmness, an impartiality, with a dignity, that all admired. And yet it is not given unto man to ptass unscathed the fiery fnrnarp of thl wnrlrfJ While nreIdinor over of American institutions, the annihilation of that body of ambassadors from sovereign -u.mciu.an traae. J he Who e emmtrv hnw States, while reciiJatino' their r.nnnr.ihi. the , . , i"7 1 - o r t . . " """" r i"". 1 , 1 men was, 1 well remember) seemed as tongue of calumnv assailed him, and accused VX wnn a IUIerai gloom. The spirits him of of 01 me oest me seemed, crushed, amid that tract, pressure, and the eve of hone .r,-. r, aa , rTT, m prospect ot the future. tion by a committee, and icame ! out of th jaui ne naa not been ona m tho. k.n. l 1:1. u it:. .. t? fore he took the official corruption in the Riprap con Tndlivnantlv he left the .hir dnmm. pressure, and the eye of hope scarce found ded of the Senators an immediate investiga- m any prospect of the future. tion by a committee, and icame out of th noi oeen long m these halls be- fire like gold refined in the furnace. From the de th f II 1 -"wuitinciH ui iiiaii uiiic iu iijc uajr tuai irriuiuaicu mi uic tne aeptns ot these calamities, and the com- no man dared to breathe aught against the spotless purity of his character. But while in that chair,! Mr. Calhoun per ceived that there was arising a great and mighty influence to overshadow z. portion of this land. 1 rom a patriotic devotion t his country, he consented on this floor, in 1816, upon the reduction of the war duties, to a gradual diminution of the burdens, and thus saved the manufactures from annihilation'. But that interest, then a mere strippling, weak, and requiring nurture, fostered by this aliment, soon increased iri strength, and.be- r ... u.cduin. ne applied himself " gwouwy to tne application of the rem- ea.es lor so vital a diease. He foand that a mistaken policy had added to the u::.. onthe. ocean, that still further calamity of fettering, with a restrictive system, the very motions and energies of the looked down and saw thatth ere was a migh- tV nrPItir 9 rrroof nt.;l,l . ., J r-- l t " &- "ii;m up0n tne resour ces of this country which time had gradually increased, and he resolved at once, with that resolution which characterized him with that energy which imnelled h j:.. Iws purpose to advi-e what was considered a remedy too great almost for the advice of any other "at once, weak as we were in numbers, unprepared as we were in arms, diminished as were our resources, to bid de nance, to Britain, and assume the altitude , ot a nation conflicting for its rights." ?vnatCly4?Lr he wuntry.that advice ZVCn and;hreQ th great spirit of A menca, released from her shackles, flamed ner arouse from her pros trte cond.t.on i and standing erect, snake ner spear m ooia detiance. In that war, his 7; a T wu a much 1 am inform , , j l us nnai success. At a period when our troops on the frontier, came potent, growing with a giant's growth, and attained a giant s might, and was inclin ed tyrannously to use it as a giant. He at one resigned hi seat, gave up his dignified position, mingled in the strifes of the arena, sounded the tocsin of alarm, waked up; the attention of the South, himself no less active than those -whom he thus aroused, and at length advised his own -State, heedless of danger, to throw herself into the. breach for the protection of that sacred Constitution. whose every precept he had imbibed, whose every condition he had; admired. Sir, al though hostile fleets floated in our waters, and armies threatened our cities, he quailed not ; and at length the bleasinsr realization came to him and to the country, like balm to at once considered the work as finished ; for it is the union of action in the intellectual as in the physical world that moves the spheres into harmony. When that treaty was beiore tne senate, it was considered in secret session ; and I never shall forget, that, sitting upon yonder side of the House, the colleague of Mr. Cal houn who at that time was , not on so cial terms with him my friend, the Hono rable Mr. Preston, whose heart throbbed with an enthusiastic love of all that is elevated, left his seat in the Senate and came to my seat in the House, saying, I must give vent to my feelings, Mr. Calhoun has made a speech which has settled the question ot the north eastern boundary. All his friends nay, all the Senators have collected around to con- ratulate him, and I have come out to ex press my emotions, and dec are that he has covered himself with a mantle of glory. Sir, after a while he retired from OongQss : but the unfortunate accident on board the Princeton, which deprived Virginia of two of her most gifted sons, members otthe Cabinet immediately suggested the recall of Mr. Cal houn, fro ii his retirement in private life and the shades of his own domicil, to aid the country in the great exigency His nomi nation as Secretary of State was sent to the Senate, and, without reference to a commit tee, was unnaimously confirmed. Sir, when he arrived here, he perceived that the south ern country was in imminent peril, and that the arts and intrigues ef Great lintatn were about to west from us that imperial territory which is now the State of Texas. By his wisdom, and the exercise of his great admin-1 istrative talents, the intrigues of Great B rit ain were defeated, and that portion of the sunny South was soon annexed to this repub lic. With the commencement of Mr. Polk's administration, he retired once more from public life, but he retired voluntarily. Mr. Buchanan (for I might as well relate the fact) called upon me, took me to the embra sure of one of those windows, and said : " I am to be Secretary of State ; the President appreciates the high talants of Mr. Calhoun and considers the country now encircled by danger ui on the Oregon question. Go to Mr. Calhoun, and tender to him the mission to the court of St James special or gene ral, as he may determine--with a trans fer of the Oregon question entirely to his charge." Never can I forget havr the muscles of his face became tense, how his great eye rolled, as he received the terms of the proposal. ' No, sir no !" (he replied.) If the embas sies of all Europe were clustered into one, I would not take it at this time ; my country is in danger; here ought to be the negotia tion, and here will I stand." Sir, he retired to his farm j but the President, in his inau gural, had indicated so strongly his assertion of the entirety of the Oregon treaty had inspirited the people of the West almost to madness, and in like manner had dispirited the merchants of the East, and of the North and South, that a presentiment of great dan gers stole over the hearts of the people, and a war seemed inevitable with, the great est naval power of the earth. Impelled by their apprehensions, the merchants sent a message toMr Calhoun, and begged him a- gain to return to the cou- cils of the nation. His predecessor generously resigned. He came, and when he came, though late, he beheld dismay on the countenances of all There was a triumphant1 majority in both parts oi this Capitol of the Democratic party. who, with a tew exceptions, were for carry ing out the measures ot Mr. folk, the Whigs finding that they were too few to stem the qurrent, refused to breast themsel ves to the shock. But when Mr. Calhoun announced on the floor of the Senate; the day after his arrival, his first determination to resit and save from the madness of the hour this grr at country, they immediately rallied, and soon his friends in this House and the Senate gatherered around him, and the country was safe Reason triumphed. and the republic was relieved of the calami ties of war. This was the last great work he ever consummated. But he saw other evils ; he beheld this re public about to lose its poise from a derange ment of its weight and levers; he was anxious to adjust the balance, and to restore the e quilibrium ; he exercised his mind for that purpose ; he loved this Union, for I have of ten heard him breathe out that love ; he lov ed the equality of the States, because he knew that upon that equality rested the sta bility of the government ; he admired that compact the Constitution of our fathers and esteemed it as a great covenant between sovereign States, which, if properly observed would make us the chosen people of the world. At length the acting of the spirit chafed the frail tenement of mortality, and to the eye of his friends the tide of life began to ebb; but sir, with an undying confidence in his powers with a consciousness of the dan gers which encircled his physical nature, but without reorard to his own sufferings, in the solitudes of disease, unable even to hold a pen, he dictated his last great speech. That speech has gone to the world and its judg ment will impartially be stamped upon it. Sir, when his health began gradually to recover, his spirit impelled him, against the ad vice of his friends, into the Senate cham ber; and there, with a manliness of purpose with a decision of tone, with a clearness of argument, with a rapidity of thought, he met ' ana overthrew hit antagonists one by one, as they came up to the attack. But, weakened by the strife, although he retired victorious and encircled with, a laurel wreath, he fell exhausted by his own effort?, and soon expir ed on the plains. And now where is he? Dead, may unite the helrts of ajl, until, from the continents and ttis isles oi tne sea, mere will come up the ratulation of voices, that shall mingle with Jhe choral sonir of the an gelic host " Peads on earth ; good will to w .11 1 MR. CLAS REMARKS, ! U SESATt, APRIL 8, 1850. Mr. Cl.j. Mr. PrtsiaVnt. hhough for from b inz well, suffering still nivler the common malady or the times the infiueosil suppose I feel myself ci;ei upn to mke some nj'J poriiou arguments which we hT j heard from the Sen ator from Missouri. Sir, I o express an lin feitrneil rarvt that it m nnt mi fortune to concor in o - - - - " " . opinion with thut Senator in reference to the mode of accomplishing common ohject which we ootn hae very much at heart, : My respect for the abil ity, and my deference to Ike long service and gre:U experience of tint Senator, and my knowledge of the deep interest which he takes, and in which I most heartily share, in the adu&sion of this new Slate as soon ng practicable, renders it extremely unpleasant, and as I think unfortunate, tint we should diner as toihe means of accomplishing a common object. Mr President, I stated on Friday last, and 1 have on various occasions stated, that, for one, 1 was rei dy to vote for the admission of California separate ly, by itself and uncounected with any other meas urea or in conjunction with other measures. And I stated on that occasion to the Senate and te the Senator from Missouri, that 1 belieed. as I yet hc- HeTe, that the mot speedy mode of accomplishing the object which both he and I hie in Tiew, is by combining some nf these tneures in connection with Califorhi-'i, and by this combined bill presenting euh jects, which I shiU prty ahuw are fairly con nected in their nature, to the consideration of Con gress at one 3nd the same time. The whole ques tion between the Senator from Missouri and myself is Which is the best mode ef accomplishing the ob ject. I say connect the several measures together ; he says no, take California separately and alone. Sir. I should be glad if the experiment could be mide without injury to the public, that the two modes should be tested by experience, and it- would then be ascertained whether the Senator from Mis souri or myself was correct. He has made an allu sion to a remark of mine on Friday last, with refer ence to the difficulties that niny arise on the passage of a bill alone for the admission of California, and he has Required what I had in contemplation at the time I made thai remark. Mr. President, I had va rious matters in contemplation at that time, and onr was this About California we all know there is uo difficulty as to her admission, either separately or conjointly with other measures. We all know per fectly Well that there are large majorities in both houses in favor of the admu-sion of California. We know at the same lime that there are great difficul ties with reference to the passage of Territorial Go vernments unconnected with the Wilmot Proviso, know that one portion of Congress desires very much the admission of California,, when many members comprising that portion are opposed some to Ihe estabttabmeatorsny gvrernrarBtsat all for the Ter ritories and many of them to the estahlisment of such governments without the introduction of the provi so. Thus whilst that party, anxious for the accom plishment of its own views, and the satisfaction of its own wants, are pressing on for the pas.age of a bill for the separate admission of California, they are holding back in reference to other subjects equal ly important in the object which I trust animates the breasts of all the great object of qniet and pa cific action to the country. And, besides, there are those who desire ihe establishment of governments for the Territories without the proviso, but who are willing to take the admisson of California in combi nation with governments for the Territories with out the proviso. I did allude to other considera tions, not likely to happen in this House, but which have happened, and may again happen in the other House or Congress; 1 did allude to what we heard sai I. noi a 'pprob itiou far from it but with mot decided disapprobation of it on my part 1 did he r s we know has occurred once at least on one dny dnring this session that if it was attempted to force on the minority of that House a measure which is unacceptable to it, and abhorrent to its feelings without its association with other objects in view, that minority would resort, in resistance of it, not I trust to acts of violence, but to those parliamentary rules and modes o proceeding of which we hart h id before instances inhibit country, and which I myself witnessed forty years ago, iq a most remarkable de gree, in the House of Representatives, and which we know some consider lawful at any time to be em ployed.; For myself, I differ perhaps from mst members of this body, or of any deliberative body, on this subject. 1 nm for the trial ef mind against mind, or argument against argument, of reason a- giiust reason, and when, after such employment of our intellectual faculties, 1 find myself in the minor ity, 1 ate for submitting to the act of the majority 1 am not for resorting to adjournments, calls for the yeas and nays, and other dilatory proceedings, in order to delay that which, if the constitution has full and fair operation, must inevitnbly take place. There is great loss of sleep, with great physical dis comfort in one mode of proceeding, without any in the other. But, whilst this is my judgment of what is proper in deliberative bodies, other gentlemen en tertain different opinions. They think it fair to employ all the parliamentary meana that are vested ia them by the constitution, or by "the rules which regulate the body to which they belong, to defeat, impede, or delay to any extent the passage of the meisure which they consider odious 1 repeat, sir, I do not justfy such a course; but we must take an as he is, with all his weaknesses and infirmities, and we can never expetrtp make him as we could wish him to be. Now, the Senator from Missouri has chosen to characterise this measure with unfairness of pro ceeding. Sir, if 1 were disposed lo retort, which I am far from doing. I could say thtt there had been some unfairness in the argument of ihe Senator from Missouri, when he endeavored to show that lb pending proposition was to combine California, the Territorial Governments for the two proposed Ter ritories, the fixation of the line of Texas, the fugi tive slave bill, the bill for abolishing the slave trade iu this District, abolition, and God Almighty knows how many other suhjects, which his imagination depicted as contemplated to be introduced into an omnibus bill, and to be considered in that way. The Senator from Missouri knows perfectly well that no such purpose existed, and he has no right to infer any purpose of the kind. No longer ago than Fri day last, when I misunderstood my colleague, and supposed that his object was to combine this' fugi tive slave bill with these measures, he rose nt once and disclaimed any ouch intention Sir. nobody has gone further in this proposed combination of sub jects than the admission of California, the establish ment of Territorial Governments, and doubting its propriety, as 1 did on Friaay.TiOt being absolute ly determined ia my own mind adding to these t we measures the estafcKshuVeat of a suirable bouud irv for Texas, with the tffer r an equlvaleut for the surrender of any title which she might be supposed to have in the territory surrendered .Let us look, whilst on this subject of Texas, to another part or H-l!rT a,rgu?en- 1 P it toihecau- E2 JJ I SSl :TPPM ,h-1' hJ eombina Texaa. ve V n,C?ted' ,he rC,,U "give You hill 1 W imagines that 1 Wire;taSlisSl:n,a' e on. ''Polishing governments in the two Territori es, and other sections n relation to the Dronositton to Texa for the settlement of ber boundary, nuking ne r certain oners nnu this latter proposition depen. dant oo the consent which Texas might give. Bat suppose Texas does not give her consent, does any body say mat the other parts or the bill would be. come dead or nugatory? Each portion of the bill is of force and effect according to the object in view and each might stand, although the other portion of the bill might be rendered null, la conscience of the non-concurrence of Texas iu any other pow er .- - . j '' ' :? It has been said that it is wrong to make those who might be in favor of the admission of Cali fornia, and against the establishment of Territorial Governments, or tnee rersrt. vote on such a com bination and that it would be wrong to combine them in one hill, because they would have lo vote against both, not liking a portion of the bill; or for boih, still disliking' a portionsof the bill. And we are told that what the wisdom of California suggested in her constitution that is to say, the" keepingof subjects separate and distinct is there- Dy to be disregarded. INow there is very little of practicability in this idea of a total separation of subjects. Suppose 'you have the California bill alone before you, is that a single idea ? There is nrst the admission (ol the Slate, and secondly the proper boundaries of the State. Now there may be Senators, if you had this' single bill before you, who would sav we are willing to admit a Slate, to be carved out of this Territory, but we are against the lioundanes proposed, and why not separate it into two bilk, one for the admission of the State, and the othenfor the fixation of its hm -its. Why, thus you night go on, cutting sub jects up into as manyfoarts as they are capable ol cieing divided into, aira say that eaih one of them shall contain a sinjle idea. Take the tariff b ll. Take the tariff bill. It contains five hun dred items usually, and we have never passed a tariff bill, or given a vote upon it, without some parts of it being objectionable to some, or that did not contain items for which some man voted a gainst his' judgment, but which he did vote for, because of other items in the same bill And so with the course we propose. If we combine to gether a bill for the admission of California and for governments for the Territories, in the first place (hose who oppose the combination may op pose it. If it is introduced already in ihe bill, it may be proposed to strike out what relates tQ the Territories; or if it is proposed that they shall be added to the bill for the admission of California, ihey can move amendments, call for the yeas and nays, and thus show their opposition to the asso ciation of the measures together. But suppose the majority overrules them. Suppose there is a majority in favor of. the association of the mea sures, and then the final question is put, Will you vote for or against the bill 1 And what are you to do in a case of that kind 1 Exactly what we would do in all human concerns. There is bad and good mixed together. You may vote against it if you please in toto, because of the bad there is in it, or you may vote for it, because you approve of the greater amount of good there is in it. The question lor the time is, whether there is more ot tne good than of the bad in the bill, and if the good outweighs the bad, that will be a further consid eration for voiing for the whole measure. But, sir, my object now is to show that there is a perfect connexion between the subjects pro posed to be ii n ded, and I refer not to what ihe Senator from Missouri has charged, but to the State of California, territorial governments for the Territories, and at most the fixation of ihe boun dary of' Texas. Sir, are these subjects connected together or are they not ? Let us look at facts and at history. Let us appeal to the very facts which the Senator from Missouri himself insists ought to be so influential on our judgment. Well, sir, California, New Mexico, and Utah, all were com ponent parts of ihe Mexican Republic and they were ceded together, in association, to the Re public of the United States. They were of a like grade of government in Mexico. All of them were provinces;; uone of them were States under the Mexican Republic. They came here togeth er. in association, under the treaty tv wmcn we acquired then... Thev came here at the last .ses sion together, all imploring the establishment of territorial (Jovernments within their respective limits. It was not done. Why was it not done? Ihe South reproaches the North for not doing it by saying you insisted upon the introduction of the Wilmot proviso. The North reproaches the South by saying you are responsible for it by op posing the Wilmot proviso. Mr. President, both parties were wrongs and neither was wrong. They were were wrong in the aggregate, but not wrong separately. They were wrong in the aggregate because Congress failed to devise and establish governments which it was called upon to do by all the solemn obliga tions of treaty stipulations, and all the solemn du ties which resulted from the fact of the acquisition of those Territories by this country. They were not wrong separately because, you who conten ded for the proviso, did so, I have no doubt, hon estly, and you who opposed the proviso did so, I have no doubt, honestly. It was a case, there fore, of irreconcilable dijferenceof opinion between two large parties in Congress, and their convic tions, their consciences, respectively restrained them from yielding the one to ihe views of the other. No reproaches, therefore, I think, can justly be made by one party upon the other. It was a subject of deep and profound regret that proper governments were not then devised, but it was attributable solely to those unhappy divisions which sometimes exist in deliberative bodies and prevent legislation. But, sir, these Territories were altogether Utah, California, and New Mexico. One short year ago they were all Ter ritories, and allow me to say, however much it may be emphasized, that California is no State yet, and she can be no State until she has the seal and sanction of the paramount authority which pervades all this country. It is in the power of Congress, if il choose to exercise the right, to put down the present State Government which has been established there and establish a Territorial Government there. I am not disposed to charge on a community the misconduct or peculiar opin ions of any individual of that community, but I must say what 1 have been constrained to feel, that I am pained to see with what contumacy, with what disregard of the allegiance due from the Slates, old and new, they sometimes treat the par ental and paramount authorit . And I was late ly I will not say provoked, the annoyance was loo slight somewhat grieved at seeing some let ter from California talking already of breaking off from this Union and selling up for themselves. They will venture on no such hazardous experi ment as that. If they do, I venture to say the common authority of the Union will recall them to obedience and a sense of their duty very quick ly. Bui, sir, these three Territories, one of which is now called a State, were component parts of Mexico, and they are now component parts of the United. States ; and allow me lo say in reference id that part of the argument of the Senator from Missouri which speaks of the wretched condition of California at this moment, with her mines of boundless extent of gold that desperate condi tion, that anarchy with which she is threatened, that want of law which exists, that danger of breaking into pieces, (for such I believe was the remark of the honorable Senator) if there" is not some legislation here do not all these considera tions, every one of them, apply with equal force, and ought they not to receive equal application, to the Territories of Utah and New Mexico? Why, in regard to New Mexico especially, she is not only at present without any government, ex cept some patched up military form of govern ment, but she is at this moment threatened with civil war with her neighbor Texas, and if I were to single out pf these three Territories, that in re gard to which it was the most imperative duty of Congress at Once to legislate, I Would say it was New Mexico, and the adjustment of the bounda ry between her and Texas. Every consideration derived from anarchy, confusion, the wantofgov ernment, the want of law, the danger from dis order which the Senator has arrayed in reference to California, applies with fu 1 force and vigor to New Mexico. Wll. how does this matter stand? The three sisters came here at tne last session of Congress; New Mexico, the eldest, California the next, and Utah the youngest. They came all soliciting territorial governments. Attempts Were made to give them all territorial governments, but tneylai ed. In the mean time, Miss California has made a runaway match of it and 8he has not only done that but she has taken as large a ponton of the common patrimony of the whole as she pleases. She comes here now with her tWO Sisters Ihp nn nllo ,t .1 j r , . oiu,urc uiner younger mii,( an&cocks up her nose and asks if you will as- tion i JSLJer ,0 'he w-viitic uer wun tnosetwcf girls, flanghter.1 Mr. rna i n i s i a . . . iiurui, t iiiigiii iaugn, ii i: did not feei l the pro- 'n publishes loondest resDect tow ird Cat; fVirm Hilt 1 no woa asked, on another memorable occasion; "Ye goes, on what meat has our, Caesar fed, that he has grown so sreat V I heliiwo ih mont nf Pali. fornia would seem to be goldj for, although it ap-J yri3 u.anounu in an parts ol the country, yet it is said that they cannot carry on the govern ment without some loan. I have seen some doc uments of late from the Legislature of California, and I find in one of them a very sensible report to-oue branch of the Legislature, in which it is proposed to levy a poll tax of five dollars, which it is said will collect an ample revenue by July next for all the purposes of ahe Government But is there not, in the nature of the sObject -which is the establishment j of governments for our recent acquisitions, ; is there not in the fact of their community of existence heretofore, and in the fact of the community of their present exis tence ; is there not in the fact that we propose go vernment for the one matured, it is true, in the form of a State government, and for the others, gqvernmpnts also adapted to; their peculiar condi tion, ample reason why they should be combined? And what is there, I ask, in the nature of the case, that offends the dignity of California, or renders it less to her honor to be associated hereafter. where she has always been associated heretofore, with Utah and New Mexico? But sir, the honorable Senator from Missouri has endeavored to place himself behind precedent. and he asserted that in every instance of the ad mission ol a new otate the question of admission has stood by itself, unconnected with any meas ure whatever, Now, n is very remarkable that that honorable Senator did not recollect the case of the admission of tne very State of which he is such an able and efficient Senator. Why, sir, that State was not admitted alone. Other sub jects were connected with the act by which she was admitted. Here it is : ji ; " An act to authorize the people of the Missou ri Territory to form a Constitution afnd Stale Go vernment, and for the admission of such State in to the Union, upon an equal footing with the orig inal States, and to prohibit slavery in certain Ter ritories." And the eighth section of the bill provides ex pressly, not merely for the establishment of tern porarv Territorial Gov rnments, but a permanent, perpetual fundamental law in reference to those other Territories " That in all the territory ceded by France to the United States, under the name of Louisiana. lyins north of 36 30' north latitude, not included within the Slate contemplated by this act, slavery and involuntary servitude, otherwise than as punishment for crime, whereof the parties shall be duly convicted, shall be and is hereby forever prohibited."; What did we do in the rase of Louisiana? In 1S05 two 'territorial Governments were establish ed one forthe Territory of Orleans, and the lat ter one embracing the verv State to which this provision in reference to slavery was applied. But if I were to open the records of this body what would they disclose ? Not a Territory and a State combined, but two States, as far separated from each other as nossihle. were combined b the Sonat nf the TTnitwl Srat in the Same b and by a perseverance almost unexampled in-the history of legislation, each House, having disa greed with the other, vote after vote was taken without any practical result. But they finally saw land, and the question was settled by the Senate yielding to the separation of the two States, Maine and Missouri, in consideration of the intro duction of the free clause to which I have refer red. But, if there were no precedent in the case, I might very properly say that the peculiar s'nua tion of affairs would supply a precedent. There is. I admit, no case exactly in all points like that of California, and the two Territories adjacent to il, which are seeking the establishment of Terri torial Governments. In most of the cases to which the honorable Senator has referred, Vermont, Kentucky, Ten nessee, and others, there was but one single Ter ritory to be admitted, and that was clearly defined and its muniment ascertained by ihe parent States. But here we have the subject before us, and I put il to you, sir, and to every member of this body, if there is not a connexion, and fitness, and pro priety, and sympathy, in the subjects themselves, that not only warrant but demand that you should connect them together. . But, sir. see the enormity of this proposition. I hope it will be distinctly understood that I am equally anxious with thefionorable Senator from Missouri for ihe admission of California. I think her admission has been improperly delayed ; it has been unavoidably delayed, by causes which we all knowjand understand. But not only does the honorable Senator require that this elder sister, who treats with so much contempt the other poor members of her'family not only does he require that her superior honor and dignity shall be re cognised, but he exacts from us that she shall be kept separate and alone; that she shall not be contaminated bany sort of connexion with her sisters, lest she might contract some contagious and fatal disease. The honorable Senator is not satisfied that she should stand alone, butshe must lead off in the dance ; she must precede all the others. He jnsists that it will be treating her with indignity, with contempt, if you take up the Ter ritorial bills in the first instance, and act upon them before you act upon the question of the ad mission of California. Mr. President, I hope I am doing a less impru dent thing in the riilempt I am making to keep these suhjects together, than I am doing in regard to my personal condition in occupying so much of your time. If had supposed otherwise. I should not have said a word. But, sir, I hope I have said enough to show, first, thai California would be more speedily admitted by being connected with the Territories in a common bill than if it should ;and separated from them ; secondly, that there is no incongruity in the association of the sub jects; and, thirdly, that according to precedent and all the analogies to be drawn from precedents not exactly like, but somewhat similar, to the pre Sent case, there is no impediment in the way of the course which I have proposed. And if I am right in this view, I am sure no difficulty need be apprehended. Every member of this body is de sirous of restoring once mere peace, harmony, and fraternal affection to this distracted people. Various projects have been suggested to accorm plish that patriotic object. Amongst them a pro position has been made by the SenatorTrom Mis sissippi to refer all the subjects to one committee, to be appointed by the Senate, with power to re port as that committee may, upon consideration, deem it best, either a separate or a conjoint meas ure. The purpose of the committee is to settle, if they can, the causes of difference which exist in the country by some -proposition 0f compro mise. There are, no doubt, many men who are "very wise in their own estimation, who will reject all propositions of compromise, but that is no rea son why a compromise should not' be attempted to be made. 1 go for nonorable compropjise whenever it can be made. Life itself is but a compromise between death and life, the struggle continuing throughout our whole existence, until the Great Destroyer finally tri'urnp'ns. All legisla tion, all government, all society, is formed upon the principle of mutual concession, politeness, comity, courtesy ; upon these, every thing is bas ed. - 1 bow to you to day because you bow to me. You are respectful to me because I am respectful to you. Compromise is peculiarly appropriate among the members of a republic, as of one com mon family. Compromises have this recommen dation, that if you concede any thing, you have, something conceded to you in return. Treaties are compromises made with foreign powers con trary to what is done in a case like this. Here, if you concede any thing, it is to your own breth ren, lo your own family. Let him who elevates himself above humanity, above its weaknesses, its infirmities, its. wants, its necessities-, say, if he pleases, I never will compromise, but let no one who is not above the frailties of our common na ture disdain compromises. Well, what does the honorable Senator from Mississippi propose? Here is a proposition to refer all the subjects to a committee with a view to a compromise. The honorable Senator from Missouri rises up and says oo ; here is one suhjeet ihat you must not refer io the committee; anoth er Senator may rise up and say here is another subject that you must not refer; and a third may rise up and say here is a third subject that you for cSnfirZ fcniNy r senate; : 7f aJ.V u'e, you hare m raea'uor a r.al''hesubLr uwrmmed upon by .Kp10" S ejud?entoy fj great and resV'oN notiohaVsaid,0! oV?H don of ihe Sena,. 2 50 nh. ' M time. '"'PViniy S) v -a are the Diana 'Jnwarp'd by party T-TT -T . Wednesday, April i TM -tK i iiere 13 no Per id the St a, L rangeraent for the reception ofTeW We are compelled to n-lv ;,, J Northern way, that exists m too many pJ view fn nmm. 1 . "me aegree,,. and, in a spirit of enierprie m TT value and usefulness 10 the "Re ' 1 made an arrangement wh 1 regular Telegraphic rpniirtc a ... 1 m. r uu "U Ml days. Ihe exoense aiipn,l!n 1 13 r)V no mmnc tiH: 11 , . , ......, mmiijj. fiflvmir .u.,.nii oi me punuc m tKis effonJ ucun-iuiio ttiem, we shall d, ..rucvi-r we nave reason to belittttj,, liance is vain. Our Semi-Weekly papWj ine ooum, iasi and West, framed issue, on vv etlnestlays and Saturdays iKa lit., ;n'tn: r 1 me iuicji luitriiigence irorn pointsi 1 qoanen CONGRESS: In the &jiae,oii Thursday last Mr sented resolutions from the LegislamJ gan, rescinding their instructions 10 tbes 10 yoie ior tne VYiimot proviso. Mr. Fa solution to refer Mr. Bell's GompmiiutR to a select committee of thirteen, win up and debated by Messrs. Benioo, tar Douglas, Webster, Hale, andFoon'i was then made by Mr. Douglas to arJ subject on the table, which was daH gative by a vote of 26 ayes to 28 nua 1 then withdrew his instructions to tne a and so modified his motion as to refer 4 lions of Mr. day with those of Mr. B4 motion Mr. Benton moved an amnld eluding the subject of California from eratiou of the committee, which waist same vote. Mr. Benton moved k tions, which were modified by Mr. a were pending when the Senate aJjoowJ votes may be considered, of cour, 1 test votes upon Mr. Footes propoaia the Committee. In the House, on the same day, a hO; lief of the Wilmington k Raleigh RiiIBs pany was passed, and lh remainifljlw session were occupied with the !Wfp reports of standing committees. In the Senate, on Friday, the appes the Compromise Committee came of ed business, and after some discussimi the table, lo make way for the Drfarf In the Hovse, a private bill was debits, committee on the Galphin claim i with an enlarged jurisdiction. The Hon. T. J. Campbell, Cierknfsf of Representatives, diedjn Washing day la3ti after a severe illness of Mr. Campbell former! represent districts of ihe State of Tennessee in f and was first elected Clerk of that 30ih Congress. SOUTH CAROLINA Governor Seabroox having poiutrnent of United States Senator rLiAffGooif Cheves, he has decile- of his age being 74 years old.andifJj from public life upwards ofthinr yetoj The 3DDointmeut hassmcetea arwt nwilwl hv . the Hon. F. H. & taa uv.f wu j 1 jv. Tho I -nenfnrn nartv in JiSn 1 . ty express a preference for W-!9 thpir r:nnilirlaie for Governor. In Lincoln, David S.Reid a a re-nomination. OO- The " Mountain Ban"' Rutherf'ordton,'doesgrossiBjuslCtlc J .... . : ,-lanrel in an article in its lasi isu . :j mcnt of Commissioners for io w RUad. We shall take occ L L-n.u' about the ID". state wnai c r General b i. The Postmaster - n.it Offices, in kuiowing ne - the week ending Aprit b Mountain, jay Yancv-A.U.ChiUs, Cranberry ga John H "Baltimore Sun," pw- presented by-that arch oe p .uredlheVSoaS,ld,u, hlsCai" ed that Seward, having - ateaml being mora.iy wr ideticy, will, i.nmedia')' . of Congress, emigre ir,l whether he Wii!ke UUl III....- ---- 1 11- ,J 011 hirn me imc - new ii's rr- fw j irtily" Ort Georgk Wortham firt number andhea t-i.-o fat; and iis iiiicimiio1- ' . wli , J. Mr Worth" OOUOl IK"- advocate of iliecausc" 031
The Weekly Raleigh Register (Raleigh, N.C.)
Standardized title groups preceding, succeeding, and alternate titles together.
April 17, 1850, edition 1
2
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