-"St- "
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7
... . .,, . ... . ..- - . . J -'
Volume lv
ill
lill)
U
I
Hi
' PUBLISHED BY
bEATOM QALE,
FDITOB AND PROPRIETOR,
..,.m'tWE: OR S3 AT THE XNI
it If'5 nr THE YKAR.
n tht plant of fair, dtlighlful peace ;
Tblrv-ty rag to lililct brother,."
" Valehhin. c.
SiTCBDAY MORNING, OCT. 15, 185S.
DIX.
p,x, of N,w York, the favorite of the
Administration, hw written a secood
to Pr- 0i.aiOf Georsi, defining hi
2w on the sVbj.it of Marery. It i a no-
ih feet, that lio retracts nothing, but lustily
tfeoii th posi-tion he occupied when in the
r --id Sute Senate. That he wai then recog
M freeoil leader is tiotorioug. He wai
Bbnlblh)wlp with Hale, Chat and the Van
tons, nd tvai looked to with pride by th
i-ioil' prty throughout the Northern States,
jjaotonly ws an able defender of the Wil
tProviw, but he abandoned the old locofoco
.mnimtion, in 1348, and supported Van Bu-jindClia'-
Francii Adam', the candidates
ftkefreesoilerst-for the Presidency and Vice
teidencv. , .
ffjproeeel to ihow tliat he retracts nothing.
In bii recent letter to Dr. Garvin, he attempt,
to pol'gie fr or retract anything, but to
atlfj his courie while in tha freesoil ranks,
ui tip '
fls the 1st of March, 1847, in my firt speech
jtbe Senate on this subject, I made the fd
jting propositions with a view to the settle
Bttofihe whole question
"1. All eitemal interference with slavery in
itSwies is a violation of the compromises of
ieeenstitution, and dangerous to the harmony
mloerpetuiiy iff tbe federal Union.
"1 If territury is acquired by the United
jstM, it sHdu! 1. in rfspac? to slavery.be left
litis found. If slavery exists therein at the
at of the acquisition,' it 'should not be. the
rfjeit of liMati.m by Congress. On the
iirhud. .slavery dues nint exist' therein at
it tim? of t!;e acqu;siiio:(, its introduction
qhttobd prufiibit-jd while the territory con
auss to be governed su;h.
'I. All legislation by C'irigress iu respect to
otsniti the territory be buying to the United
;(' cesses to be j)ieratire when the inhabi
aatre permitted to forth a State govern
aat; and the admission of a State into the
jm carries with it, by virtue of the nove
igniT iuu!i a Imiision cenfars, the right to
aposiof the whole question of ulavery with
e:ternal intei'ferenee."
TatM jrnnmitiuns I considered in eubtan
Sicwriintfe with the resoluiions of tu Le
:Wut uf the State I represented, and tby
fia conformity to my own opiniona.
It did n, of course, escape my notice at the
atlmife these, propositions, which were re
Musei in 1S43, in the words hi which they
ttalore given, (and I think I ho stated to
HMof my a3ciatea in the Senate,) that their
Option as a final adjustment of the dispute
'wld bring Cuba into the Union, when the
Tper time shuuld arrive, as a Territory first.
si i State afterwards, without any question as
3 tie existence of slavery in that islaud.
T trust it will ' not escape " our readers,
the application of General Pix's doc
i to any further annexations of Mexican
smtorT; would again bring the Wihaot Pro
into requisition, and make it again neces
"fjtr that gentleman to abanljn the Balti
wfur the Buffalo Platform. ' If slavery
mitexist(in newly acquired territories) it
Maid lo prohibited." This principle will ex
i ilavery from every foot of Mexico, and
:w)l known that the freesoil locofocos are
fror of its annexation. lie says, also, that
'lirerv exists in the territory, when annexed
nauiild be allowedjto remain ; but this is on
?rd for Cuba and Porto llico, and in this be
not more liberal to the South than many
woilers who are in good fellowship with
JT party. Thj whole extent of slave territory
longing to nur neighbors, this side cf,Bzil,
f t lirjer than North Carolina, while Mexi-
f Central America and the free islands of the
ttt Indies, are as large as the whole Southern
p61' So much for General Dix's liberality
I"m aouth. It should be remembered, in this
""Ktion, that Gen. Dix gave a toast at Wash
ome three or four years since, in favor
I 'annexation of the whole of North Amer-
Ibis would, of course, brine in the Cana-
Is, and all the British possessions, which of
"elres are as large ai the present limits of
fnaioo: All free territory !
next proceed to extract from the famous
Proviso speech of Mr. Dix, delivered in
We, June 2G, 1843. Mr. D. is a cool,
Passioned speaker, and never indulge in
'pontaneous bursts of feeling which
tterize. the orator. Jle is dry, argumen
"i and fond of quoting authorities, and on
PreeDt.occauion he goes at great length in-
constitutional question, with frequent
(rncc3 to. legal decisions, and other expo
t constitutional law. His object is to
'ethe conititutionality of the Wilmot Pro
' fter which he endeavors to show the pro
'.Tcf its application to the Orogon Terri
; 10 order to keep out slarery, which he re
H ai a great evil. H will suffice to quote
nc.uding paragraph of his speech, in or
show its general tenor: .
;,,y Resident, I conclude, by saying for
it, KislatiTa mnlnlinn, kf Ktl ikn
rn ariU
.VIUHMllil, , (11. TI . J . . U UklV
'-"titution. and while
she will rceist
,;ereno Wlth slavery in the States, as un-
knr -!;n disorganizing, sbe will never
p , - .iuivii veiimui j eat nuauu as
. njvr ftvicf i a : n i :. : -
S . "tfd- 0n the contrary, she will, in
instltlltional mode, oppose all such ex-
r. ui eui tendency in government,
1.":,. , " ailfJ repugnant to the humanity
!"i"m of the age."
r" to the opinion, that, if Dr. Gar
l reiterate these sentiments of his
1 4 jFi UJi llUUll31ij
jltli k
friend and correspondent, Dix, in the State of
Georgia, he would be shrewdly suspected of
abolition affinities, or, at any rate, of being
trongly tinctured with freesotlism. But Mr.
Dtx has been appointed to a high office by Gen.
Pierce, which, of course, is sufficient to sat
fy all faithful locofocos of his soundness on
the subject of slavery. Let the reader bear in
mind that Mr. Dix reiterates these views in his
letter to Dr. Garvjn. He stands now, as he
stood in 1843, on the Freesoil Buffalo Platform,
and yet he is the favorite of General Puree and
the locofoco party, has elbowed Dickinson
out ,of the fellowship of the Administration,
and will yet, possibly, be sent Minister to
France.
"What else could be expected from an Ad
ministration composed of Northern freesoilers
and Southern disunionists ?
THE ATfORNEY GENERAL THE AUC
TIONEER. Gen. Pierce, having exhausted the available
resources of Barnburnerism and Disunion in
the formation of his Cabinet, gave a fitting cap
stone to the pyramid by the appointment of
Caleb Cushing, a "Tylerised Whig," (though
not from Portugal.) to the Attorney Generalship.
Mr. Cushing is a man of learning and talents,
andwith the exception of Marcy is perhaps the
ablest'man in the present pie-bald Cabinet. He
commenced his career as a Massachusetts Whig,
and at one time avowed strong anti-slavery sen
timents. Recentlv. we believe, he has Drofessed !
' fc
the Baltimore Platf,
lu lu.m on u.e Baltimore riattorm ; but so does u broufiht into conflict with the freedom of
Gen D.x. while defending thatof Buffalo. We ! opinion- A rabiliet consultation, it is admit
have seen a speech of a Mr. Barstow, a Hunker j ted h(W hadthe Prident of the United
Democrat in the Massachusetts Democratic j Sutes pr;!!1idiRfitand after a day's sweat and
wiMcimua, who Doiuiy caarges 31r. Cushing
with being a Coalitionist that is to say, a semi- j
freesoiler ; and that besiJea aiding and abetting i
in the election of Senator Sumner, he has uni
formly procured the appointment of Free Soil
ers to office by the present Administration. Mr.
Barstow mentions a number of instances of this
kind, which we have not now time to advert to
.particularly.
Oar object at present is to give a chapter in
the career of Mr. Cushing, when be figured in
Tyler's Corporal's guard. Up to the defection
of Tyler from the Whig ranks, Mr. C. had uni
formly co-operated with the Whig party. In
company with half a dozen others in Congress,
he attempted to breast the storm of public in
dignation on that occasion, but without success,
and at length the despicable facfion, in 1844,
pending the Presidential campaign between
Clay and Polk, sold out to the latter on the best
terms they could make. In December 1S42,
while they yet retained hope of gaining the con
fidence of the people, Cushing, then a member
of the House of Representatives, was employed
by Tyler to offer the public offices to the highest
bidder, to be paid in subserviency to the Ad
ministration. Nothiug more disgraceful has
ever transpired in the American Congress than
this open proffer of Executive patronage to the
members who should give their votes in support
of the measures of the Administration. It ex
cited the indignation of all honest men rn the
country at the time, and was freely commented
upon in the debates in Congress, as well as by
the Press. We subjoin a passage from the
speech of Cushing, which we have accidentally
fallen upon, delivered December 27th, 1842,
with some racy comments of Col. Thompson, of
Indiana. Mr. Cushing said :
"It was now nearly' two years since, in ac
cordance with a vol'-' oi tbe people, a change
took place in the administration of the Govern
ment. Since that time, an internecine war had
arisen in the dominant party. The war had
now been pursued for about one year and a half ;
but, in the midt of it, the Federal Government,
with its fixed Constitution, had stood, like the
God Terminus, defying the progress of those
who were rushing against it. The Country had
seen one party throw itself against the immuta
ble rock of the Constitution. What had beon
the consequence ? The party thus hurling it
self against the Constitutional rock was dashed
in atoms."
"He had said the Federal Government was on
a fixed basis at Washington. That was the
foundation of his argument. Now he would
suppose a man called to be President of the
United States. It mattered not whether he was
elected, or whether the office devolved upon him
by contingencies contemplated in the Constitu
tion, lie was President. What, then, was his
first duty ? To consider how to discharge his
functions. He (Mr. C.) thought the President
was bound to look around at the facts, and see
by what circumstances ho was supported. Gen
tlemen might talk of treason ; much had been
said on that subjeet ; but the question for the
individual.who might happen to be President to
consider was, How is the Government to be car
ried on? By whose aid? He (Mr. Cushing)
would say to the party now having the majori
ty, (and whom, on account of that circumstance,
it was moro important ho should address.) that
if they gave him no aid, it was his duty to seek
aid from their adversaries. Laughter. If
the Whigs continue to blockade the wheels of
Government, he trusted that the Democrats
would be patriotic enough to carry it on."
Laughter.J
Mr. C. next appeals to Presidential aspirants
for support, and threatens them with the hos
tility of the admiuistration, if they neglect to
give it their support. He says that a Whig
Convention will be called to determine which of
the legion of candidates shall be put on the
course, and remarks :
"He did not know whether this Convention
would be able or not to settle the rival preten
sions of different candidates ; but he saw bud
ding such blossoms of discord as to leave great
doubt about the issue of any Convention that
might be held. He did, however, know, that
the next year and a half would be signalised by
great commotion upon this all absorbing sub
ject ; and, whether there might be one candid
ate only on each aide or not whether that can
didate be cordially supported or not he would
say that it would not be forwarding the politi
cal interest of any one of the parties in the
country to carry on a fierce warfare against the
present Administration. Laughter. He deem
ed it material that he should be frank on this
point just now." Cries of yery frank, yery
frank. '"Ho knew also, what the
Constitutional power of the Federal Govern
ment could accomplish. Several voices: "JJy
patronage" "by lust of office,"
No comment is necessary to render the polit
teal prostitution of this speech conspicuous.
All we have to say is, that its author is proper
ly located among the odds and ends of -faction
composiug the present Cabinet at Washington.
Col. Thompson, of Indiana, characterised the
speech of Cushing ns a regular auction sale of
government patronage. "The gentleman from
Massachusetts," said he, "came out boldly and
openly with his proposition. He put the Ad
ministration up to the highest bidder, and play
ed the auctioneer with considerable skill and
ability. "Going, going," said the gentleman,
"can't I get a higher bid?" Laughter, and
cries of "a postponed sale." According to Mr.
Barstow, Cushing is at his old trade of auction
eering for Pierce in the Free-Soil market.
A TREASURY EDICT.
It will be recollected that Collector Baosox,
of Xew York- recently repudiated, in no very
amiable terms, all connection or affiliation with
the Barnburner, or freesoil, faction in that
State. Whereupon, Secretary Guthrie, of the
Treasury Department, has iatued an edict, in
which he threatens the Collector aforesaid at a
terrible rate. We have never (says the "N. Y.
Express,") read a more impudent document !
No hand in the Treasury, but a green one just
such as Mr. Guthrie is would have lent his
name, and consented to be the instrument, to
i the doing of such a dirty job before the eyes of
the whole people ! We have never before seen
t n . i
line power 01 wic 1 tutmi uuiciuuiuiu u .aiii
toil, it has been concluded and resolved, so to
insult the Collector of the Port of New York,
as, if possible, to make him resign ; and the
Kentuckian Secretary, fresh and green from
Kentucky, has been caught by Marcy "to wash
for him his dirty linen L" Did ever President
and Secretaries before thus publicly proclaim
to all the world the dirty jobs they were doing.
The following is the letter of Mr. Guthrie to
Mr. Bronson :
j WasniNOTox, Oct. 3, 18o3.
i DurSir: Since the conversation we had
upon the sulijeet of the unfortunate division in
the democratic party in New York, I feel more
and more convinced that the prerent disorgani
zation cannot fail to endang'T the succ .-ss of the
principles of the party there, and prove inju
rious elsewhere. But the separation is effect
ed. A conviction has forced itself on my mind,
that by democrats pledged to each other u; on a
common platform of principles, the division
could and ought to have been prevented.
You are aware, that the principles of the
Baltimore Convention, and the policy intimated
in the inaugural "ddress. the President and his
constitutional advisers stand pledged to before
the world. They have been and are united as
fue man upon these principles and that policy,
and had reason to believe that all gentlemen
who conented to accept office under the ad
ministration stood pledged to the same prin
ciples and policy.
As the President understands the principle
avowed as the p'atform of the party at Baltimore,
all democrats who joined in upholding a id car
rying out the same were entitled to be recog
nized as worthy of the confidence of the united
party, and consequently eligible to official sta
tion. That all could not obtain office was manifest,
and that the distribution could not be esac:I
equal amongst the different sections of the
pt-rty, was equally certain, let tne msiriou
tion was intended to be so mad? as to give jus:
cause of complaint to no one section, and it i
believed that this intention ha9 been carried
out, not only by the President h;melf, but by
most of hU appointees, in respoct to the officers
under the latter.
It ha- sohappenedthatyourappointmentshave
been very generally marie from that portion of
the party to whieh you adiiere. This you
thought best calculated to secure union and har
mony. That desirable object has failed to be
obtained, and the other portion of the party feel
that they have not been fully recognized by you,
and, as things now stand, may not do justice to
your motives. 1 call your attention to this sub
ject, and to the fact that the Preoidont and hi
Cabinet, with entire unanimity, recognized tiiat
portion of the party n democrats distinctly
avowing and firmly maintaining, the principles
of the Baltimore Piatform, and entitled to he
recognized by appointment to official stationxin
vour department. Allow me to exprsss the ex
pectation that you will so recognize them in the
only way that will carry conviction with it.
I have not hitherto deemed it necessary to
make any particular inquiry as to the section
of the democratic party to which persons nom
inated for positions in the custom house at New
York belonged prior to tho reunion of the party
in 1849 which reunion was supposed to have
been thoroughly cemented in the" great and tri
umphant contest in 1852. But a the present
excited state of feeling among political friends,
who acted together in 1852, and who now stand
unequivocally upon the same platform of prin
ciples in New York, is suggestive of a discrim
ination of which the administration will not
approve, I shall send a copy of this Utter to the
Naval Offieer and the Surveyor of the Poit, in
order that there may be no misapprehension as
to the policy which the President will require
to be pursued. I am, very respectfully,
JAMES GUTHRIE.
G. C. Bronson, Esq , Collector, New York.
" Fun Jottings," by N. P. Willis, is
the attractive title of a capital work laid upon
our table by Pomkrot. We are also indebted
to the same gentleman for a copy of a hew
ong, " The friends I've left behind," which
itrikes us as a very pleasing melody.
The " Spirit of the Age " comes to us
this week considerably enlarged, and improved
(though there was but little room for improve
ment in that respect,) in typographical appear
ance. Q- The annual meeting of the Stockholders
of the Raleigh and Gaston Railroad Company
will be held in the city of -Raleigh, On Thurs
day, the 17th day of November proximo.
;
. , . . , ' . ' . ...
The cut in our advertising columns will
not only convey to the public a faithful repre-
eentitioR of. the Crystal Palace, but will attract
their: attention to Harding's superior and varied
stock of ready made clothing;.
CITY OF RALEI6H, WEDNESDAY MORNING,
FijfB Cotto.v. We have received from an es
teemed friend in Barbour Co., Ala., a boll of
splended Cotton, both with regard to quality
and site, which we shall place on exhibition at
the State Fair, next week. It is grown from
the "golden seed," regarded as producing the
largest boll andlargest stapleof any otberknown.
It was discovered, if we are not mistaken, in
Central America.
The boll in our possession was grown by Mr.
Alectus Jackson, near Glennville, Ala.
ilfcS" Tie Fakir of Siva ad the Chinese Jug
glers, having got into some difficulty among
themselves, which caused their separation, will
not appear in our cily, as advertised. The Fakir
pfSiva is-performing in Richmond and the
Chinese Jtigglers in the vicinity of Washing
ton. 5
PROTESTANT KrtefrAL, GRll, Co.vviHTidx.
Third Day. After prayer by the Rev. Dr.
CreightoiV) -a committee was appointed by the
House of Deputies, to invite Bishop Spencer and
the English clergy, now on a visit to this soun
try a representatives of the "Venerable Socie
ty for; the Propagation of the Go.pel in Foreign
parts'' at this triennial convention, to take
the seats designated for them on the floor of the
house during the sitting of the convention.
The resolution also expressed tha pleasure of
the convention at their appointment by the so
ciety. ,
The committee on new diocese reported in
favor of admitting Iowa and California as con
stituent portions of the Protestant Episcopal
i nurcii, ta unite witti tins
i, , . i ,i .. ., ... , - ;
having compiled witu the requisitions of the
constitution '"in 01 wt .
f.wl. (-!, l ... ,rv ii 1.1 '
Juoige Cliamber, ol .Mary and, moved the ac-1
, ..r r ,i j . i
cepvince of the report, and tlie liuv Dr. Meade
iif iv.ii o. ,. r.n,it . ;, V.i Jj. :
vr uiiiic utiii uil3 COO TCIl LIOII. llll'V :
, . , ' , .- v.u I
,U UT; vna le , ' J'.-
tea Ufoaio ensoea on uomitting vaiitornia-
some tif tiie delegates eontendini: that she had
not fully complied with the requisitions of she
constitution oi the church. The admission was '
opposed by; the lie v. C. W. Andrews and Mr. 1
P. V iiiiams, of Virginia, and others, atidaJvo- j
cated 'by Judge Chambers, of Maryland. It
was finally agreed Ij admit Iter us a diocese,
provided that, nt its next convention, it accede 1
to tho 'constitution of tlie church. !
A message was received from the House of'
Bishops, stating that they had appointed a com- i
mittee consit ting ol iiithop Hopkins, Vt ; De '
I.ance), . A. l. ; liittingham, Md. ; Elliott,
G.t. ; and bpfold, Ind. to take into considera
tion the whole judicial system of the churcn, j
and report hereoii, and aaking the concurrence ;
jf the -House of Deputies. i
Rev. DrJiMason, chairman of the committee'
appointed at the lat general convention hi re- :
port ou a Hiaiidurd Bitjle, handed iu the results 1
of their labor, to the effect, that "in the modi-!
um size quarto Bible, published at Oxford, they I
recognized a standard Bible, till such time us i
an American edition be published. 2nd. That
tiiey had entered into a contract with the Ntw
ork Cotnmon i ravtr lJook and Bible fcocietv
. . - . ., , T - i
ti.l- 'lit, -",.,.! II li tiit n fh.it ..ililwirt i:-,l I K..,
tor the .eiiijintiiig ol that ediiion. 3rd. That a
committee
of the prsois.
... .... a
.lid to le.
x.rr Ilia rtn-rt rfsit.r-J
j convention.. Made
next Tuesday.
the order of the day lor i
.... ,
Rev. Dr.iason, of North Carolina, said that
at the convention of the diocese of North Caro
lina, held ,lay -7th, 1S5U, a resolution was
aloBted, appuinting a committee uf three cler
gymen and two laymen t idraw un a statement !
of tho difficulties between that diocese and Dr. I
Ives, its latie bishop, to be hiid before the Tri-j
ennial , General Convention. He accordingly!
presented such a statement, w hich was referred '
to the Committee on the Consecration of Bish-
ops. j . j
Fimfth lay. Herman Cope was re-ulectsd crop, and at the depth of bUO feet; and can the
Treasurer of the Convention. '' I people of Fayutevillo le exposed to the hazard
A coinmuni.cuuon wis received from the j of ridicule, by building a Railroad to Chat
House "of Bishops, informing the II ease that ! ham, when a thousand acves of coal is sufficient
they bad passed the canon entitled "The aban- j to warrant the but:! ling of the road ? It would
donmetit of the cunmnnion of tiiis church by 1 t ot be unfair to say, that tiie enterprise of Fay
any bishon. nri.'r. or d ic m. etc.." and also 1 ottovilie should m ike this road. How much
the resolution admitting Iowa.
A reolutioJi providing for sending a bishop
to Califo rnia was, after a warm and protracted
debate, adopted, and tho convention adjourned
uutii Monday.
The Board- heid a meeting on Friday even
ing, when the venerable Bishop Meade intro
duced the Right Rev. Bishop Spencer. Arch
deacon Sinclair, and the other English delegates,
each of whom made handsome addresses.
GEORGIA ELECTION.'
Savannah, Oct. 11. Sufficient returns have
been reeciyed to render certain the election of
Johnsoli, the locofoco candidate for sorernor.
bv abotit 800 majority.
The returns for Congress show the election
of' Seward (dem.) from the first district ; Col
quitt (dem.) from the second ; Bailey (deui.)
from the third ; Dent (dem.) from the fourth ;
Ohastain (dem.) from the fifth ; Hillyer (dem.)
from the sixth ; Reese (whig) from the seventh;
and Stevens (whig) from the eighth.
Si,
Ten nessex. The now Legislature of the
State is divided politically thus:
Senate, Whigs, 12 Democrats, 13 Maj. L
House, " 44 " 31 " 13
Joint Ballot,"
5f
44
12
Masoxic The G. G. Chapter of the United
States Order of Free Masns assembled ;". Lex
ington, Kyi. afew days ago. The attendance
was large, thehaptcrs under tht; jurisdiction
of the G. (L Chapter being represented from
every State in the Union, except Louisiana and
Tennesseeb'j
M-trcNT Vernon. It will be a matter of grati
fication to the frequent pilgrims to the tomb of
the Father if his Country, to learn, that the gar
den of tho Mount Vernon estate has been open
ed to the inspection of visiters. It is under the
charge of Me. Hughes. Sal. Int.
"Honor and Fami rRoit ali. Conditions
risi." In Bedford, Maine, at the recent elec
tion, an old man who performed the duties of
sweeper. at;a maehine shop, was brought for
ward as a candidate for the legislature, and
elected by a majority of 198.
Secritart Gdthrii's Litter. We learn
that a great;" indignation meeting " is contem
plated, to denounca Secretary Guthrie's inter
ference with the affairs of the New York Cus
tom House.i N. T. Exprtts.
I The Telegraphic dispatch, which announced
i the death of Judge Dargan, the Chief Justice
of Alabama, was erroneous. ine Judge was
! prostrated by yellow fever, bat recovering.
: r iz
j What kind of a mau do ladies like best?
Why a Am5and-man, of course
Why are ladies bathing like a summer drink?
Because they are 'lasses in water..
OCTOBER 13, 1853.
COMMUNICATION.
rOR TIIK REGISTER.
GEOLOGICAL AND AGRICULTURAL
- SURVEY.
Mr. Editor : Prof. Mitchell says that I have
given a false account of the Chatham coal-field.
I will not be unfair to Prof M. I do not pre
tend that he intends to call in question the ac
curacy of 'toy dietails, respecting the outcrop of
the coal seams,, their dip, strike, thickness, the
relations of the Btrata to each other, or their suc
cession, thefossils, theirindication.etc; but that
my assumption, that the coal seams extended
three miles within the rim of the coal-field, is
false. What I stated in my report of the ex
tent of the seams, is a belief, and that belief is
founded upon observation and experience. All
our knowledge. in mining is founded really up
on observation. Veins, carrying 'meials, are
known to extend into the solid rocks 1,900 to
2,000 feet. In England and South America,
mines have been worked to a dopth of 1,500 to
1,900 feet, and jet not exhausted. Now, money
is freely invested in mines, and invested on the
belief that they penetrate to great depths. The
belief is founded upon what has been and what
is. Any person, to be sure, might say of any
vein currying lead or copper, which was expos
ed only at the surface, that an investment is not
warranted, because the vein in question mar
not extend to a sufficient depth to furnish the
amount of material necessary to make it profi-
table.
iwi can t see now deep it extent!, and
therefore know nothing about it. In such cases
we appeal to experience
V hat do we find, the
wonu out, wiui rt!.-iit.'ci to me uepiu m veins '.
i . . u -r i i ,
j nrisweri t,at such an uniformity has been ob-
served with respect to them, that wc are put
- V i - i i i- ,
i'i possession ol a rule, which, when applied
1 - 1 ,, , , ' .. . 1 1 ,
J' - ciously, or agreeably to known iacts, makes
11 -. . ' . . . . u 1 .1 r
investments sate m .ill cases, or thev may be
regarded as unsafe in the absence of certain
j facts. A knowledge of these facts and rules, I
j might Ray laws, makes the difference betwen
: the opinion of a well-informed teoloist and
tha individual who has no knowledge of ihe I
subject..
But, Profes-.or iMitehel! is anxious that the
poople of Fayetteville should not make them
selves ridiculous to their neighbors, by build
ing a Railroad to: Peep River. Let us see how
much danger there is of their being ridiculed
in the execution tf tlie project. Suppose, then,
a r;c!i company owns 1000 acres, whieh is un
derlaid with the present six or seven foot coal
seam. The company would possess upon the
tract 9,SOv),000 tmis of coal. The calculations
which have been made of all the expenses of
mining and transportation to New Yirrk, leave
a nett protit of one dollar per toti. Upon this
basis, the company could afford to build the
railroad to Fayettev ille. Professor Mitchell
will not, of course, deny that, in his belief.
there is one thousand acres of dial, for he has
: taught hi classes, for many years, the doctrine,
' that there is a valuable coal-field in Chatham .'
1 I will make another supposition. Suppose the
coal seams extend twenty miles alon-j the out-
j i i i .i .1 .
crop, and hah a mile within the outcrop or
I . . . . ... . I
cdj,e w.noh , eqtlll n )re.niti, t0 tlie part of
'. r . - J
ah.lft mak1T,i; tern
square mites of coal. In
a sou ire m;!e, t'cru "i;l h C.27;004j tons rif
coal ; in ten square miles 02,720,000. But the
dip of the Riehni'ind seams is much steeper
than that of Chatham, and yet coal is obtained
by shafts sunk at one half a mile from the out
crop. Can the foregoing supposition convey a
falsehood to the Legislature or to a company, of
the value of the Chatham coal field ? Can the
enterprising people of Fayetteville say here
after that my account of the Chatham coal-field
was false, in the face of existing facts? The
Richmond coal-fieid, with all its disadvantages,
is worked successfully half a mile from its out-
the interests of tho interior counties demand
this! But I will leave other sources of reve
nue from the calculation : and sav- it, without
fear of ridicule oit my part, for sustaining this
view, or of being charged with making false
representations by the public, or by sensiblo
men, I tltsn build this road onihe merits of
tiit coal juUl ' Now, by changing the supposi
tion, that the coal-field extends only half a mile
within tho outcrort, I do not change my views,
or my belief, that it extends three. It a com
pany or an individual, however, thinks my be
lief too great, he may take up with a mile, or a
quarter of a mile, in breadth, and twenty miles
in length. For the present, either is sufficient
to warrant the investment of all the capital
which has as yet been thought of. If the Legis
lature expected of the geologist an exact state
ment, to a foot, of the amount of coal in the
Chatham coal-field, it would have said so, and
have also furnished the means for doing it.
What the Legislature expected, and what sen
sible men expect, is, that I should first acquire
the facts which are peculiar to this coal-field,
and from these facts express such an opinion of
them, and furnish such illustrations of those
facts, as I deem proper, or such as will furnish
a correct view of the relations of the mass com
posing the coal-field. It is well to remember,
that the Richmond coal-field, which has fur
nished a coal seam one-half a mile within the
outcrop, shows, at that distance, no signs of
giving out.
Before I close, I wish to allude oneo mors to
Prof. Mitchell's class teaching. He says he
has taught for years that there is a valuable
coal-field in Chatham and Moore. I wish to
know on what that doctrine is based. What
does the Professor mean by valuable There
can be no doubt that he means that the coal
field has a sufficient amount of coal to make it
valuable for commercial purposes, and that it
is valuable, in the face of all the difficulties and
expenses attending its conveyance to market.
How did the Professor arrive at such a conclu
sion ? What facts hnd he ascertained which
would warrant it ?' It must have been a delibe
rate opinion, formed in view of certain facts.
It appears from his statement that his views
realiy do not differ much in this respect from
others. They are not quite so glowing, so full
of promise, yet they are still sufficiently so to
warrant the heavy expenses of mining and
transportation to market, and leave a surplus
over and above all these for the remuneration
of enterprise ; or else he could not have thought
the coal-field valuable. Now, how came the
Professor to teach his classes the doctrine ? for
it seems that he held it prior to the visits of
Professor Johnson, Mr. Williams and others,
and, indeed, prior to any important discoveries
which have resulted from the sinking of pits
and of boring. Now, there is no doubt Prof.
Mitchell came to the conclusion, that there is s
valuable deposit of coal in Moore and Chat
ham, from the character of the formation, and
that it was formed on grounds independent of
what the pick, tpads and auger had furnished
or disclosed. .1 - ' ;
. i EBENEZER EMMONS.
Dyidsonco.,Oct. 9, 1853. .
E. L. HARDING ,
vTAETTJ5YILLK STJvKETv
XYTK have epeaed within the lsc week p
y y wards of Ten Thousand Dollars worth of
superior Ready Made Clothiu-;.
Comprising iu part as follows :
100 Cloth-Dress Coats,
100 ' ' Frock Coats, - r
12S Fancy Cloth Sack Frock Coats, , .
7fi do do Cox do do IT
50 lilk do Business do. ;.
OVER COATS. iU-'
75 Rlk French Bearer Cloth OTer Cotrf.
60 Fancy do do do
75 Heayy Petersham do
80 Partridge do
76 Mountain Beaver
34 Flushing
100 Twsed Sack Frock Coats,
do
do
do
do
do
i o bitmett do do do
75 Fancy Cassimere Sack Frock Coats,
50 Blk do do do do
MARRIED.
At.Christ Church, in this City, on Tuesday ;
morning last, bv the Rev. Mr. Smedas, the Hon. j
.-ii.mc, in i .ijeiicTiuc, o .lira, inaig
m kelson, ot this City
DIED,
At his reiiJence in Wilkes County, on Mon
day, the 19th ultimo, after an illness of two
weeks, of Bilious Fever, Maj. Richard J. Cook,
in tlie GOtii year of his age.
At her residence in Davie County, on Friday
morning, the 20th of August last, after a brief
illness, of Bilious Fever, Mrs Mary Fr&st, in
the 59th year of her age.
In this City, on Monday evening last, Preeila
A., consort of Peyton Williams, Esq.
FALL STOCK. 1853.
NO. 15, FAYETTEVILLE ST. RALEIGH:
T. R. FENTRESS
IS now receiving his Fall and Winter Stock of
Cloths, Cassimeres, tnd Vestings, and a supe
rior lot uf Ready Made Clothing, to which ho in
vites the attention of his old customers, and the
public generally. Having become connected with
the far-fame 1 manufacturing establishment of
Groshong & Tiijouan of Newark, N J., he is pre
pared to sell clothing cheaper than itc.niheboaght
elsewhere in tho State, and beiug determined to
carry into practice the old maxim of "quick sales
and snall profits," customers may call at No. K,
Fayettevil.e street assured that their wants can
and will be supplied. The quality and style of my
Ready Made Clothing are nut surpassed in this
countrr.
FOR THE YOUTH,
In order to save both time, trouble, and expense
to mothers, I have introduced into my establish
ment a lot of Boy's Ready Made Clothing, to
which the attention of the Ladies is very respect
fully called. It"ciieourad in this much desired 1
branch of my business, I shall continue to keep on
hand a very great variety, for boys from six to 15
years of Rge.
The pre.it advantage I have, from nty connec
tion with Groshonij & Tupmau, will enable me to
keep ray stock replenished, weekly, with the la
test and most approved styles and fashions.
1 continue, as usual, the manufacture of gar
ments"; anil having in my employ, first rate work
men, I proiniso to give satisfaction, both in quali
ty of poods, and workmanship.
Gentlemen who furnish tkeir own goods, may
rely on having their work as well done, as if I
furnished them.
Cutting dons, promptly.
To my former patfsns, who have stood by me
for so lonp; a time, 1 return my sincere thanks,
and humbly trust to merit a continuance of their
favors, by strict attention to business.
T. B. FENTRESS.
Raleigh, October 14, 185:5. 8t 84
For Sale.
THE residence, on Salisbury street, at present
occupied by Dr. Miller. Possession can be given
ou the 1st January next. For terms, &c, apply
to L. HINTON. '
Oct. 14,1853. 84 5t
For Sale.
A
LIKELY NEGRO GIRL, about 15 years of
age. inquire at tms since.
Oct. 14, 1853.
84 2t
FOR SALE I
THAT desirable residence, at present occupied
by Dr. William G. Hill, fronting 105 feet on
Fayetteville Street, by 21 0 deep. It Will either be
sold en matst, or in store lots of 25 feet front each.
Also, for sale, one half acre iu the rear, embracing
Garden, Stables, &c.
For terms, he., apply to
WILLIAM R. MILLER.
Raleigh, Oct. 14, 1863. tf 84
tSf Standard copy 3t.
e'lollaiiig ISerc!
Clothing There!!
Clothing Everywhere!! !
NOW. the all important question is, tcho emn
tell tht chtapat! This can easily be found
out by just calling at
EINSTEIN A CO'S.
at their old corner of Market square and Wilming
ton Street, who, by devoting themselves entirely
to this line of Business and supenntendingperson
ally the make of their clothing, are enabled to
have always on hand tht best auortment and will
sell at good an articl at a much lower price than
can be bought in any other store in this city or
sectfon of the country. They are now receiving
their stock of
FALL AND WINTER CLOTHING,
consisting of all kinds of Sacks, Frocks, Dress and
Business Coats, Tanta of every description, Vests
of every style and quality together; with a well
selected assortment of
BOY'S CLOTHING,
Also on hand, a good assortment of Boots, Shoes
ami Brogans, which will be sold very cheap, as
well as Hats, Caps, Shirts, Hdchfs, Collars, Meri
no Shirts, &c, $c
We deem it unnecessary to say more, and thank
ful for past patronage,
We invite alL
To give s a call, : " i
... And may this Fall,
Their clothing, alL
OF M. EINSTEIN it. Z. ROSENTHAL.
October. 14th, lWWr-- J 84
- .-.-Si
' - - ( . 't-irt '
' ' ' ;': . ;' c assimerb pants. v -
100 Blk Doe-Skirt, Cassimers Pants,
160 Fancy de do , do
75 Satinette Jo.. , . do . do . ;
. 60 Blk Cassimere made whole fronts.
- BOYS' CLOTHING - t
We have a very good assertment of Boys' Clo-
thing, consisting ef Fancy Cloth Sacks, Doo-skin
Cassimcre Froeksv Tweed Cassimcre Sacks and
Frock, Cloth Round Jackets, Satinett Reund Jack-'
ets, Silk and Satin Vests, Cashmere and Valencia
Vests,. Fancy aad Blk Cassimere Pants. '
:,f-r;,i.,. .v. ALSO . . ...
Av large lot of Cassimere Coats, Boys' Cloth T ai
mers, a very pretty style of Over Coats, Ac,
We manufaeturei all the goods we sell, and earn
safely warrant our goods to wear well.
. . .. E. L. HABDING.
Oct. 15, 1858. , 81
AGRICULTURAL WORKS.
f IHE Book of the Farm; Retailing the labors of
I- the Farmer, Steward,-) Ploughman, Hedger.
Cattleman , Shsphcrd, Field-worker, and Dairy
maid, by Henry Stephens, with four hundred and
fifty illustrations. To which are added explana
tory notes, remarks, bJohn S. Skinner.
The "American Farm Beok ; or Compend of
American Agriculture, Jy R. D. Allen.
. Southern Agriculture; by Adam Beatty.'
The Farmers and Planters Encyclopaedia of Ru
ral Affairs; embracing all the most recent discove-'
riss in Agricultural Chemiatry..Adapted to ths
comprehension of ansoientifio readers. j Illustra
ted by numerous Engravings of Animals, -Implements,
and other subjects interesting to the Agri
culturist, by C. W. Johnson. Adapted to the Uni
ted States by Goverueur Emerson.
European Agriculture and Rural Economy by
Henry Colmau.
Sheep Husbandry; with an account "of the dif
ferent breeds, and general direction in . regard to
Summer and Winter management, breeding and
treatment of diseases, with portraits and engra
vi"2s, by" Henry S. Randall.
Rural Essays, by: A. J. Downing. 1
Fruit and Fruit Trees of America, by A.. J. Dow- ,
ning, (fourteenth edition.) " 4
The Amerisan Fruit Guitarist, by J. J. Thomas.
The American Fruit Book, by S. V7. Cole. '-
Agricultural Chemistry, by J. F. W. Johnson: (
A Dictionary of Modern Gardening, by G. W. "
Johnson. Edited by David LandreHu i- -Dijwnt
& Kerr's Ornamental aud Domestic Poul- :
try. Illustrated
The Poultry Book, by Jno. C. Bennett.
The American Poultry Yard, by D. J. Browne.
The Cottage and Farm Bee Keeper, by a Coun
try Curate.
Horsemanship founded on new principles ; in- v
eluding the breaking and training of horses; by F.
Banchcr.
Elemsnts of Scientific Agriculture, by John P.
Norton.
A Muck Manual for Farmers, by Sam'l L. Dana.
A practical treatise on the Cultivation of the
Grape-vine on opeu walls, by Clement Hoare.
A Treatise on Cattle, by W. Yanatt and AV. C. L.
Martin. -
Yanatt on the Structure and the Diseases of the
HorsCi
Domestic Animalsj by R. L. Allen.
The Architetture of Country Houses, by A. J.
Downing.
The Builder's Guide; or Complete System of
Architecture, by A. Benjamin,
The American Architect, by John W. Ritch.
First and second scries.
Ranlett's Architecture. 2 Vols. 4to.
For sale by
W- L. POMEROY.
Raleigh Oct. 14, 1858. 84
S'
TATE OF NORTH CAROLINA. Frakklix
Coontv. Superior Court of Law, Spring term,
A. D., 1853.
Mary Upperman vs. James H. Upperman.
Petition for Divorce.
It appearing to the satisfaction of the Court,
that James II. Uppermanj the defendant in this
suit, hath removed from this State, and is a non
resident; It is ordered that publication be made
in the North Carolina Standard, and Raleigh Reg
ister, for six weeks, notifying the said James H.
Upperman, to be and appear, before the Judge of
our Superier Court of Law, at the next term to be
held for the County of Franklin, at the Court
House in Louisburg; on the 2d Monday after the
4th Monday of September next, and then and
there, to plead, answer or demur; otherwise, judg
ment pro confesso, will be entered against him.
Witness, Rhetoriek R. S. Lawrence, Clerk of
the said Superior Court, at Office, the 2d Monday
after the 4th Monday of March, A D. 1853.
R. R. S. LAWRENCE, C. S. C.
Sept. 9, 1853. 6w74 "
MASONIC.
THE GRAND LODGE of North Carolina wQl
convene in this; City, on Monday evening, the
5th of December next, at 7 'lck, for the trans
action of business.
Officers of Subordinate Lodges are requested to
attend in person, or cause proper delegates to be
appointed, in obedience to the constitution and
general regulations of the Grand Lodge.
WILLIAM T. BAIN,
Grand Secretary.
Raleigh, Oct. 14, 1853. 84
Something Nice.
JUST received at F. MAHLER'S CO
2 doi Spiced Oysters
2 " Lobster
2 " Salmons
2. " Catsnps .
12 Preserves, Pickles and Brandy
Peaches
Oct. 14th, 1853 84 y.
L, E. BALLARD. H. R. ROBEKTSOX.
BALLARD 8u ROBERTSON.
GRAIN, FLOUR AND GENERAL PRODCCE
COMMISSION MERCHANTS,
75 Bowlt's Wharj,
(Over Flour and Corn Exchange,)
BALTIMORE.
KBfBKiaroEs:
Whitmel J. HilL, Esq., Scotland Neck, N. C.
Jno. H. Anthony, Esq. do de
Hon. Francis MaJiory, Norfolk, Vs.
Messrs E. P. Tab & Co. do - - ,
Messrs. J. M. Smith Bro. do
J. Hall Pleasants, Esq., Baltimore.
CoL George P. Kane. do
Messrs. F. W. Broae Ic Sons, do 1
Baltimore, Sept. 16, 1853. ly 78
1
- 'f
V
ft,
"I