CITYrOF BALEIGff, AVEDNEAMORNING, APRIL 5; 1854.-
NO24.
-
THE RA
MR
EUBLISHD BY
T BL a,
E DlTOR AND PROPRIETOR, V
A T $2,50 IN ADVANCE OR $ AT .THE
END
OF THE YEAR.
Our' are the plans of fair, delight fill peace;
Un warped It party rage, to live like brothers.''
R ALEIG'H. N, C.
--- -
SATURDAY MORNING. APRIL 1, 1P54.
liep uUican.-)Yhi(j Ticket.
FOR GOVERNOR, V
ALFRED ioCKEHV, OF RICHMOND.
ELECTION
ON THURSDAY. AtJOTST 3rd.; ;
. i -
Mr HENRY M.tEWIS, Montgomery. AliimB. & onr Gen
eral Travrlin-; AUtnt, for the Status ot Alabama and Tenues
icee. assisted by C '. Lewis,, Jame f. Lewis, and jmmuuh! 1).
Lewi. !
Mr C W. JAMBS, No I Iljtrrirtn Street, Cincinnati, Ouio.
"is our General Travelin- Apeot for the Western Slatea ami
Texas, assisted by! J- Thomas. J. Dent. P. O. 'r'
M. 1.. WLsemeu. A U :Cbilda,na Df. Mia- '" BcceipU
of uither will be good. - ... .
Mr ISRAEL K. jlAMES, So. 182 South Tenth Street. Phil
ileluuin. i our Ueberal Trai-elinn Agent. a.wlsted by W m. H.
Weld. John Collins. James Beerin?, E. A. Evans. Thomas D.
ice.- Jo-n-ph Hummit, Joseph Button. Hobert V. Morrison.
tdwf.rl W. Wiler Willium L. Waterman, H. J Riddick, P.
W", Mai-ken, Thoiiiii A.Tobih and D. S. Peaee.
GEN. DOCKERY IN JOHNSTON ;
Our Whig friends will be pleased to learn
that Gen. DocKEnV makes the most favorable
imprpssion upon the people, wherever lie goes.
His unaffected: Republican manners and, sympa
thies are irre8i!stil)le. Thejsubjoined letter from
a friend in Jolinslon, conveys the most gratify-'
ing information as t the result of his visit to
that ci.tmty. ' '-
Smithfiei.d, March 28th, 1854.
Pear Sir: Gpneral Dockery spoke, here to
day to a vt-ry large audience, and I am assured
bv Whis and .Democrats, that 'Ins speech made
a strong impression on all who heard it. lie
discussed the main issues" betweu the two par
ties with ability, and his candor made him
.friends, iind elicited the admiration eten of hjs
eiierfs. He" referred to the abuse ami mi
representation" of the Democratic prertses in
'such wa? an to extort admiration from all. He
has evidently made an impression here,' which
cannot be removed,- a the Whigs of Old John
ston promise to roll up a glorious vote for him.
Keep the ball in motion, and tell our friends
in other sections to bj of good cheer. If every
Whig will do his duty,-we shall Leal than !
Yours, j'
' A WHIG OF" JOHNSTON.
JOHNSTON SUPERIOR COURT.
We learn that this tribunal has had much
business before it this1 week, Judge : Caldweix
presiding with Jh well known urbanity and
ability. The eae of The. Slate v. Cotie, for
R'ane. f which was tried at the last term of the
Superior Court, Cone convicted,, and, on appeal
to the Supreme Court, granted a new trial) took
. up the wholorof Wednesday, and after argument
.of Counsel and an able charge from his Honor,
the jury returned a ,verdict of not guilty.
Attirney General Ransom for the State, and
M essrs. J. W. Evans,! E. G. Haywood, and H.
W. Miller tor the Prisoner.
.There is but one opinion as to the zeal and
ability with- whieh Mr. Ransom performs the
duties of his office. He is winning golden'opin
iotis from all. ' . f . .
THE WESTERN RESERVE."
It will be seen, hy the proceedings of the
meeting published in anbther column, that the
Whigs of Macon have responded gallantly to
the action of the recent Convention. All's well!
STATE MEDICAL SOCIETY. ;,:
The next meeting of the State Medical Socie
ty of N. C. will be lvld in this city, on the sec
ond Tuesday in May next.
Mr. Badger b- the Nebraska Bill.
It is rarely the case that the "Charleston Mer
cury" has a commendatory or good word ; to say
with regard to any body or anything in North
Carolina. The following just compliment to
Mr. Badger, however, in connection with his
position on the Nebraska Bill, .forms an agreea
ble exception to its general course of conduct!
"We referred tmejny the ' other day to the
speech of Senator Badger, of North Carolina, on
the 20th inst. in vindication of certain- changes
which were made in the Nebraska bill in its
progress through the.Senate, and we had hoped,,
before this, to have presented to our readers at
leasts portlontnf his Very clear and striking ar
itunient. Mr. Badger is one of the most learn
ed lawyers, and one of the most agreeable and
instructive sneakers', I in the Senate, and it is
one of our sins of omission ever to pass over a
speech of his on anybubjecL; On the occasion
we refer to, he addressed himself to two points
tltat had been raised; against the bill, viz: the
proviso moved by hitnself, that the bill should
rot be construed to revive any former law either
for or against slavery, and the amendment of
Mr. Douglas, relieving the Territorial laws from
the revision of Congress. ' i ' -' "
Mr.- Badger maintained, and we "think; con
clusively proved, that it was apparent on the
face of the Nebraska! bill, that his proviso was
not intended to revive any preceding law, and
consequently it made no real change in the
bill." I
A meeting of a portion of the Whigs of
Orange was held at Durham's Store, in that
county, on the 8th j ult. , Delegates were ap
pointed fo meet Delegates from, other portions
of the county in Convention, at Hillsboro , on
...Tuesday of May Court, for' the v purpose of
nominating candidates for the Legislature.
The meeting recommended the Hon.' W'iLliajt
A. Graham for the Senate, and Messrs. Josiah
Tlrnkr, jr., and S. F. Pint lips, for the House
of Commons. . . ,
Frost. We were visited, last week, by a se
ries of destructive frosts, whieh, we are" sorry
to learn, have done considerable damage to the
fruit and to garden vegetation, ' , '
-MR. FILLMORE'S SPEECH-AT LOUIS-
' 11 UK. t reierrsu oeauututiy to toe nooie pans tanen oy .
- rr- V , c 1 ii "r' ' ' ' i ' tn illustrious dead,; Mr. Clav, Mi. Webster, I
,We take from the Louisville Journal a sum- ( ani thd ,ate yue AimX KfnR
u)Hry a1 M r. Fillmore's -great speech at- Louis-,;,The speaker said that;thougn he had. by his
ville, inwhiehhe' gives a -brief "hi story of his v.eSWu in, behalf of the pom promise, lost for a
ndmilhlstrutiori. This' soeech of Mir." Fillmore 'Um tbtt confidence of a" portion uf hU fellow-,;1iY-
V -.u i - - .' Citizens, and especially in his own State, be
whI be read with deep interest at tbisi particu- i 'j .i L o. r . -i . - .
lur time by men of all parties. 'The; JournalwiJliug to believe that he had proved a recreant :.
says it' hns-a full report of the peech!, . but in . son.v- He trusted that the excitement of the nio- '' -
conformity with what was understood to be 'Mrvj raent would pas away, nd that she would at"
Fillmore's wish, it confine itself to the nubllca- J?Le?,?'S..1,,e.b? Ctl hD3- ln?" 1
1 inn .f u. mM iiVufoK nf a-Kat Iia ..eawl
: T S.-, c v-M-
"Mr. Fillmore said, on Vising, 'that he- felt
exceedingly embarrassed in being called on,. for
ihe, first time in his life, to address an audience i
like ;the'one before him, and that he' sincerely (
hoped ihere was no "chiel present Sakin
notes, but that wbat he should utter might be
forgotten with the occasion. He was at a lss
to understand: what motive could, have 1 prom pl
ea such a great and unexpected expression of
regard on the part of the citizens of Kentucky'
If he were in the aetoal possession of the pJwer4Portian w received with, the most ehthiisiaB- I
which it was once his fortune to wield. Of even
again seeking that position, he might gee an ob
ject for such a manifestation ; but here I am.
t said he,' neither holding nor seeking office, with
nothing as a private or public man, which, in
my own estimation, should call forth -such a
testimonial as this. To nothing, said he, can
I attribute1 it but eal Kentucky hospitality,
which seeks an object whether worthy t or not,
and lavishes upon that object its own generosi
ty, Mr; Fillmore said that it wai" his misfor
tune to be, without his solicitation, and certain
ly against his wishes, called to the 'administra
tion of the government. j " "1'.' 1f
. Ileliad not even sought the "nomination for
the Vice Presidency, and none could be more
surprised than he when he learned that be was
nominated. It was only ten hours before Gen
Taylor's death that he had any thought that his
illustrious friend was in danger."; The t knowl
edge came upon Kim like' a peal of thunder
from a clear sky. ; lie felt wholly, unprepared
for the great responsibilities about to devolve
upon him. Though he had been for many years
a politician, the only 'sleepless night he ever
passed, on account of political anxiety, was
that on which Gen. Taylor died. Ilia sleepless
ness arose from his deep feeling of the' weight
of lite duties unexpectedly devolved upon hiui.
He reviewed during the hours of that night his
own opinions and his own life. Ho was sensi
ble that he iiad drank in with his mother's milk
and cherished from his youth up a feeling, e
ven a prejudice, against slavery, r He endeav
ored to look upon this whole country, from the
fatthest corner of Maine to the utmost " limits
of Texas, as but.one country, the; country that
had given him birth. He bow in the gathering
clouds in the North and in the South a storm
which was likely to overwhelm him, and he
feared ; his country also, but he took the consti
tution and the laws as his only guide. 4 -He
well knew, that by so doing, he must lose
the friendship of many prominent men of the
country, especially in hi own State, and en .
counter their reproaches, but to him this was
nothing. The man who can look upon a crisis
without being willing to offer himself upon the
altar of his country, is not fit for a public trust.
vOn ihe night of Gen. Taylor's death, the mem
bers ol his cabinet presented to me their resig
nations. 1 declined to look at them, first, be
cause I deemed it respectful to the honored
dead that I should not consider by what means
I should carry on the government until he was
decently interred ; and secondly, because . this
1 avalanche of responsibility had fallen upon me
unprepared. 1 desired at least a tew hours to
reflect on what it was mji duty to do. Here
was a cabinet selected by General Taylor, sev
eral of them my personal friends, whom 1 would
do anything 111 my power to serve, short of en
dangering the peace of my country. I knew,
however, that their policy was not such as
could approve.' I saw that the executive pow
er ot the. irovernraent. and toe legislative, were
in opposition to each other, and that while this
state of things continued,' peace could never
he restored. . - ' ' '
The question therefore presented itself to me,
shall I retain this cabinet or select a new one 7
1 he latter course was adopted ; but you can
scarcely conceive the difficulties of the position
in which this decision placed me. When onr
Presidents are elected, they bavethreej or four
months, before taking their offices, to select men
suitable to act as heads of departments, but this
auty came upon me in half a day. I requested
the members ol the lay lor cabinet to stay thir
ty days and to give me an opportunity! to, look
around and select their successors; but they
respectfully declined. 11ms, while t tie. storm
was coming up in the North and in the South,
1 was suddenly called to administer tne Govern
ment without a cabinet, -and without)-time to
select one ; but, thank God; I was not long'- in
this situation. . I was so fortunate as to obtain
a, cabinet, the members of which and myself al
ways agreed in opinion ; and in all acts, we
acted together. In that cabinet your own hon
bred Kentucky was honorably represented.
Still, said Mr. Fillmore, the great difficulty re
mained.- The question arose, what was to be
done. " r . - , . - " -" . "
In Texas, and JJew Mexico, a civil war was
threatened. . Texas made preparations to take
possession of a portion of New " Mexico. ' He
felt it his duty to maintain, the laws of- his
country. - One of the laws required ithat the
people ot the ierritory ot. IMew Mexico snould
be' protected. As a means of protection, he
immediately ordered a portion of the army and
munitions of war to the frontier of Texas to do
duty there. The army was put in motion, and
then; and not Till then, did Congress act upon
the subject. Texas and New Mexico acquiesced
in the action of Congress. Mr. Fillmore spoke
. . . 1 ! . . ? . f
ot the aaoguon 01 me compromise measures 01
1850,'and especially of the fugitive slave law,
This law, he said, had some provisions in it to
winch he had objections, lie regretted the ne
cessity of its being passed at all : but the Con
8titution required the , giving up of fugitive
slaves, and it was hot for him to decide whether
this was a compact ; be had sworn to maintain
it, and he would do so to his last hour. : J'- ;
When the bill came to him from the two;
Houses, in the midst of hurry and confusion
and- difficulties, he .examined it, and a 'doubt
came up in his mind whether it wasjiot, uncon
stitutional, as denying the right of habeas cor
pus to the fugitive slave. He referred the ques
tion to our.aceom'plished Kentucky lawyer, his
Attorney General, "w ho -gave his opinion that
the law was not a violation of the Constitution ;
and thereupon, said Mr. 'Fillmore,:I gave my
signature to the bill, but, in doing so, I drew
down upon mv devoted head,' as I knew, I
should, the vials of wrath Vfrom" abolitionism
and freesoilism. Mr. Fillmore rejgretted that
he bad felt called on to say so much of himself,
and went on to speak of those who stood i)j him
j in,the great struggle 1 of 1850. e said. that he
would gladly name in that connection many
living persons, not .Whigs merely, but demo-',
crats, as true patriots as ever lived. ; This work
of pacification,-said he, was "by no means the
work of one manK or five mentor: ten men the
crisis was one in which the true patriots of the
nation, no -matter what they had.Jaeen called,
Whigs or democrats, or. any other name, rose
above all personal and partisan considerations,
and looked only to the good'of the wuntrj. He
uoito, n tie iiuunot avieu ine tieuer pari.. aui, '
fellow-citizens, said he, lot me refer to jour (
own State. When the gathering tempest of fa-
Daticism,; abolition fanatiiMsm; w.a rolling . up
": worm, ana an equauy vioieni , win- i
Pt o
rolling
wtoj imbo ij- one etooti iiae a roct- amiu wm
surges of the ocean she stood firm and tinsha-
ken. the pillar of the Conatitution.' His eulogy
of Kentucky ,wa exceedingly handorae, , and
tbU portion o hu epeech, like all the "other
tic applause. ?. Few"public speakers ever made 1
w ilnaaimreMionapon a Louisville audience
as he."
. . ........ !
In I&43, when the Conventions of the I
two Parties met and nominated their respective
Candidates for Governor, not a murmur of com
plaint against our present State Constitution
was heard. Neither Convention, by resolution t
- :t.. j' 1 i Ii5.. r i
ui vunrwiae, ueciareu oppostliou 10 suy ut
provisions or expressed any desire to have it
amended. But no sooner had the canvass open
ed, than the'loeofoeo Candidate began an agita
tion for its amendment. Thus, for the first
time, did the People of the State witness their
Constitution dragged into the arena of partizan
politics, and converted into a hobby, upon which
heated partizan leader expected to ride into
power. During the Session of the Legislature
of '4S-49, the agitation was renewed in that bo
dy, and much time and money were spent in the
discussion of a bill to carry out the proposed
amendment. Again, in 1850, the same hobby
was mounted by the locofoco Candidate, for Gov
ernor, and, from one end of the State to the
other, the cry was "agitation .' agitation ! until
an odious distinction is broken down!" ;
In the Legislature of 1850-51, the agita
tion "was resumed with redoubled bitterness.
Day after day was spent in heated discussion,
during which there were exhibitions well cal
culated to Indues every patriot to tremble for
that Constitution, the amendment of which he
would desire to be left to wiser heads and such
as are free from partican excitement. The bill
to amend the Constitution passed the Legislature-
It was published according to the re
quirements of ihe Constitution. Had the Leg
islature passed-it by th( Constitutional vote, it
would have been submitted to the People, and
agitation would again have been aroused. The
Legislature failed to pass it, however, through
the casting vote of a democratic Speaker, and
the upshot is, that Free Suffrage has cost the
State more than the Convention of 1835, and
the People are as far frem having it, by legis
lative enactment, as they were when the propo
sition was first mooted.
If the locofoco party had declared their de
termination to stop at Free Suffrage, by legis
lative1 enactment, with their agitation of the
Constitution we might have hoped that no fur
ther danger to the prosperity of the State would
arise from such tampering with that Instru
ment, xiut the leaders of the locofoco party
resolved not to stop at this point. They so de
clared. The Convention which nominated Got.
Reid in 1850 declared that there were other
amendments which should be made to the Con
stitution. When they should be made, they did
not condescend to inform the People but how
to be made was clearly shadowed forth by the his
tory of the Free Suffrage bill.' The "when" will
come so soon as another locofoco Candidate
wants a political hobby,, upon which to ride out
a gubernatorial race I Had Free Suffrage been
taken off the turf, by the Legislature, a new
rider for the spoils would . have come forward,
backed by a carte blanche (10m a locofoco Con
vention. The election of Judges, or , Justices,
or State Officers, by the People, or the alteration
of the basis, or some other political Bpcephalvs,
would have sprang forward, fully caparisoned
for the race. ' Who desires to live under a Con
stitution which is thus made the prey of politi
cal racers thus, periodically, dragged into the
arena of partisan wrangling
' In view of these faots, and the condition of
things to which we are"tending, the latefWhig
Convention, holding on to that great principle
announced in our Bill of Rights, "that all polit
ical power is vested in and derived from 1 the
People," have declared, that the important mat
ter of amending their fundamental law should
be carried out by ihe People IhetnseUiea, through
their Lielegates, apcciauy selected lor the-mir-
pose, and not be, year after vear, forced upon
them, with all the pertinacity ot conceited and
wrangling demagogues, who look to agitation
and discord for their advancement !
4 Madame SmiNSKi.-This accomplished lady
was ; compelled to postpone her Concert an
pounced for Thursday evening, on account of
the inclemency of the weather. It will take
place to-night, (Friday,") however, in the Yar.
brough Saloon,' (the weather favoring.) and our
citizens should not lose the opportunity of at
tending. See advertisement in another column.
Thei Rev.- Tiberius Gracchus Jones, of
liorfcdk, Va., is to deliver the Annual Address
before lhe Literary : Societies of Wake Forest
College, on the 7th of. June jiext, and the Rev.
H. II. Tucker, of Alexandria, is to preach the
Valedictory Sermon before theGraduatingCl ass,
on the same day'. " '
AQCIDENT TO BISHOP'BROWNELL: .
IHabteobd, Ct. March 26. Bishop Brownell
to-day, in ascending the stairway, fell and broke
his leg in three places near the ankle.
:-Ari s.-iiy'-. .-v -v .
''Greek -Peas. By the steamer Knoxville,
from Savannah, on Saturday, the' thermometer
here'f being , 25 degrees above : serp, fae have
green peas laid on-our tablel Think v of it I
We hope soon io have a dish of strawberries.
j:v&m-. i .i N. Y, Express, March
WnERE IS PIERCE OX THE NEBRASKA
BILL ?
kMr," Ei Sen ator Clemens, of Alabama, as we
have heretofore said, is among the, few men of
the South, -who are opposed to the Nebraska
bilL.' His cjure"prOvkeJ, of course, as well it
mihtJ: the'cens'ure 'of his democratic friends of
he South, iind so he felt , himself called upon
to explain the reason for that opposition. The
last attempt of this kini was .made in a letter
to N. Davis. Jr., of Hufttsyille, Ala-
i - .... , ; : .... , .- , ...
wmcn was published in Uie iiuntavuie
i-Advocate. In that letter, not content with try-
me to-excuse hi uwn oDoosition to the bill, he
aa - uind; ' h-V pPeawnt Pierce, and
. -
r out a tewaaya since, in conversation witn a
fN6nhern SenatoV and myself, he President
Pierce gave it as his decided opinion that
t Douglas's bill was a proposition in fawr of
freedom," and added, "that if it should pass,
although we misfit absorb the whole of Mexico,
riot another slave Slate-would ever come into the
Union." He exaretnnl or eat surDiise at theonyo-
j sit ion it met with from the Noikh, and equal stir-
prue that the isovih .should be teiUiny to takt it.
I agreed with him fully, and conld uot help re-
' curring to the stratagem by which the Greeks
i effected the destruction of Troy."
( . , This seemed to be very decisive as to what
were President. Pierce's views as to the effect
- .
f the hill
The published letter, from which
we make the above extract, had been in Wash
ington, several days and passed without remark
from the. Union. , The conclusion to be drawn
from this silence seemed f only to be either that
what Mr. Clemens aaid was all true, or any
thing he said was not worthy of notice from
President Pierce or his organ. We were about
to draw that conclusion, but the Washington
Union now publishes a letter from Mr. Clem
ens, addressed to President Pierce, in which
the former backs out from all that he alleged
the latter bad said. In this letter Mr. Clemens
says :
"In my letter to Mr. Davis, I did not pretend
to give your language, except where quotation I
maiks are used ; and, from subsequent co nver
feition with you, I think it very probable that
I misunderstood the purport of your remarks
upon this particular point. Your surprise may
have been expressed that the true men of the
North should hesitate to vote for Douglas' bill
when the South were willing to take it ; and, if
I had paid attention to the whole conversation,
I doubt not such would have been the impres
sion left on my mind.
I have never sought a conversation with you
upon the object of the Nebraska bill ; but
every time I have heard you mention the sub
ject, yo'uXye uniformly .expressed yourself
warmly lt-avor of the principle of the bill,
vU: the principle of the right of the people of
the Territories to regulate the question of sla
very for themselves a doctrine from which I
dissented; and as i knew we were not at all
ikely to agree, I sought no discussion of the
question.
You have assured me always that you
thought it best for the whole country, and in
sisted that patriotic men in both sections ought
to take it. I thought the South must be the
oser. I think so now. I understood yon to
place it upon the ground that the principle is
right in itself, and, if it works fur or against a
particular section, ho one has a right to com
plain ; i jfhat you were for the rights of both sec
tions, and willing to take any consequences
that might follow the practical carrying out of
those rights as you understood them.
So the amount of this is, that Mr. Clemens
writes to Alabama, in words that exclude all
doubt that he means what he says, that the
President" is surprised that the South should
support, the bill ; and then, when brought to the
witness stand, offers to excuse himself, for say
ing so, by alleging that he did not "pretend"
to gives the President's language, when he
wrote to Alabama, though' he put words into
his mouth, and made him appear as an enemy
of the bill, for reasons which he now admits tire
President never gave ! -
This ris a queer world. Mr. Clemens is
prominent democrat and has been in the Senate
of the United States. He, therefore, knows
something of Washington, and is in that city
now. It would gratify a very natural curiosity
for the public to learn what explanations we
will not say what influences were brought to
bear upon the case, which could thus make an
Ex-Senator admit, before the world, that, when
he wrote to Alabama, about President Pierce's
views on-the Nebraska bill, he (Mr. C.) did
not mean what the words he used could only
mean 1 And he now eats his own words!
Very well, nobody may complain of this but
himself, and he should not complain that he is
fed with ihe food he prepared.for others and,
especially, if the Brigadier dressed tt; nnd.jpeople
may well suspect he did, with some of the spices
his official position supplies him with !
WASHINGTON AFFAIRS.
Washington; March 27. The friends of
Messrs. Cutting and Brecktjnridge apprehend
that the severe personal altercation in the House
to-day may lead to an unpleasant difficulty.
Considerable excitement exists.
The Annual Conference of the Methodist
Episcopal Church, South, commenced its session !
at Stockton, California, on the 22d of February,
Bishop aouie presiding. Ihe Kev. Dr. J. Bor- j
ing'and the Rev. A. M. Wymanwere elected j
delegates to the general conference, to be held :
at Louisville in JUay next.
The U. S. East -India Squadron. The Navy
Department have advices from Commodore Per
ry, dated Hong Kong, Jan. 24,' 1854. All well.
The DJ, S. storeship Lexington, Lieut. Glasson
commanding, had arrived out, after a passage
of more than six months.
'Now for Cheap Goods.
MURRAY & O'NEAL
HAVE taken the store lately occupied by W.
& A. Stith, and are receiving their stock of
Fancy and Staple Dry Goods, Groceries, Crockery
and Glassware, , &c. Being new' beginners, they
have to build up a trade : to do this, they are de
termined to be undersold by none in the city.
They will sell goods cheap and no mistake ; to be
convinced of this fact, call and- price their goods
before purchasing elsewhere. All they ask is a
showing, and if the goods suit, they guarantee to
make toe prices right. Don't purchase before ex
amining their stoek.. If you want, cheap Goods,
call at No. 25, White Front, , .
. . . Fayetteville street, '
'- 1 C . . V Raleigh, N. O.
.March 31, 1854. - 6m 27 -
-t:
OTJR NEW TORK CORRESPONDENCE-
A Steiei of Columbia College in this City
Professor Rainey of North Carolina Return
of the Atlantic and Pacific Railroad Commis
sinner from. Texas Colleges and number of
Studehs in the United Slates Street Clean
ing Weather. '
New York, March 27 1854.
Few persons have visited New-York with
out observing, the rus in urbe location of Co
lumbia College, as,, in passing along Broad
way, the : shady retreat and ancient .buildings
6f that celebrated Institution have been visible
from the ; lower end of Park Place. It ranks
among tie distinguished seminaries of learn
ing -in the country, and its historical vicissi
tudes, so jfsr as real estate is concerned, have
been remarkable. It was originally "called the
King's College, and received its nev baptism
when republican principles were established in
the land It was founded by Royal Charter,
under George II., in 1754, just a "century go.
The Archbishop of Canterbury, and the Earl
of Halifax, were included in the list of its first
board of trustees, but acted of course by proxy.
In 1775, -the Earl of Sterling was appointed
trustee wfth others, and he was the last of the
titled officials, who held that appointment. In
the eventful year of 1770, the College was con
verted into a military hospital, and the stu
dents were dispersed, but they were few in
number. .In 1704, John Jay graduated in a
class of ably three. In 17G5, Robt. R. Living
ston, in a class of five ; and, in 1708, Governor
Morris, ia a class of seven. In 1784, at the
close of the war, the college again went into
operation, by act of the Legislature, under the
direction of the Regents of the University. De
Witt Cliaton entered as a student that year.
The first public commencement after the re
organization was in 1786. The corporation of
Trinity Church having come into possession, by
royal grant of theKing.of a farm, a tract ofgronnd
extending from Fulton street to Carmine street,
on the Kth of May, 1755, the church conveyed
to the college a portion of said farm, which was
then called Trinity Church Farm. The tract
granted tie college composed a front of 400 feet
on Churcii street, between Barclay and Murray
streets, aid ran down to the river. In 1707,
February 20, Sir Henry Moore being Governor
of the Province, a grant of land of 24,000 acres
was ootameu tor me conege. .Alter twenty-six
years litigation between the btates ot JNew
lork andfNew Hampshire, the above township
was decided to be within the limits of Vermont,
and it wias accordingly ceded to that State,
upon condition that the State of New Y'ork
should receive as an indemnity the sum of
30,000. As this amount was paid into the
treasury of the State, the State authorities
sought the hrst opportunity to indemnify the
college, and in 1819, the Botanic Garden estab
lished by Dr. Hossack, and located on what is
now known as Fifth avenue and Forty Seventh
street, was purchased for the benefit of the
college. It contained twenty acres, and was
bought at 2,000 per acre, a price then consid
ered exorbitant, ' although" four or five sin
gle lots ia that neighlxrhood have been lately-
sold for as much as the whole twenty acres
cost there. A condition was imposed upon
the college, that it should be removed to this
new locality within twelve years, but it was
subsequeatly rescinded. The twenty acres of
ground are now worth more, than a million of
dollars. ' . -
When Trinity Church granted the tract of
land between Barclay and Murray streets as
above specified, and where the college is'actu
ally located, nearly all of it was composed of
water lot. ' Since then, the North river has
been repelled and tills portion of the-city re
claimed. Washington and Greenwich Streets,
which did not then exist, now intersect this
part of the city. " But, about fifty years ago, or
rather mare, the college being straitened for
funds, nearly all this landed estate was sold on t
lease to tie ltlnnelander family for the annual
sum of $00 per annum. The Rhinelanders
claim a least of 909 years ; but, it is thought
by some that the college was limited to three
times the term of twenty-one years, or sixty
three years. As this limit is now fast approach
ing, it would be an important litigation, should
it ever ensue. The Rhinelanders lease out six-ty-tbree
Eots, which, at present rates, should
yield a revenue of about $120,000 per annum
ground rent The College derives an income of
12,000 a year fronrthat portion of the pro
perty which it has retained.
When the old City Hall Buildings in the
Park were burned down a few months since,
the destruction of the U. S Court rooms made
it necessary that other accommodations should
be procured. A rental of $40,000 per annum
was offered for the buildings of Columbia Col
lege. The Clergy and Professors who negocia
ted, having their ideas elevated, demanded $70,
000 a year. Finally, the Government leased
the dwelling house of Commodore Stevens for
ten years at $16,000 per annum. It is on leased
ground belonging to the Institution, and fronts
College Place. Mr. Stevens ia Commodore to
the Yacht Club, and has made-a good bargain.
Columbia College has a corps of thirteen
Professors. The Greek, Latin, German, He
brew, ItaFian, and French languages are pro
fessed to be taught, but the three first named
only actually. Professor Renwfck, professor of
Natural Philosophy and Chemistry, one of the
ablest men of the establishment, resigned a few
months since. In former days, many distin
guished men emanated from Columbia College.
References is made to Jay, Morris. Rutgers, De
Vfitt Clinton, and Alexander Hamilton, all
" clara et venerabilia." But Hamilton was only
a student a little while in 1774. He never grad
uated. Ire recent times, the University of North
Carolina has sent forth many mre distinguish
ed men than Columbia College. 1
In Mav, the centennial celebration of the
College will take place, and a great demonstra
tion made. In spite of its ups and downs; the
College isi still enormously rich, and can afford
to give a grand Centennial Dinner with nock
and Champagne. Charles King, son of Rufus,
and former Editor of the American, is Pre
sident. I ' . t
Professor Rainey, of North Carolina, of whom
I made mention in a previous letter, and stated
that he bad been appointed Consul to Bolivia,
is now about embarking for his destination. It
is expected that he will explore the Country,
and add considerably to what is already imper
fectly known of the fertile regions of the Ama
zon" and La Plata.
The Commissioners of the Atlantic and Pa
cific Rail j Road, who were appointed by the
Board here, to proceed to Texas, with a view to
look after the interests of the undertaking, have
returned.-They are, Gen. Green, formerly of
Warreh County, N. C, T. Butler King, of Ga.,
Mr. Tod," of Ky., and Mr. Chatfield, the Presi
dent of the Company. 1
When Columbia College was chartered, there
were .but two other colleges in the country, Yale
and Harvard. About a month since, a religious
anniversary was kept at the North in behalf of
American colleges, and,, prayers offered up for
the conversion of students in general. On that
kilt; was j va v ovu-ivute-iu cl-u ( ia btiu
occasion, the. Rev. W. Tarbos, of Boston; -
lift colleges in America, and
Th vbune men of 'the coun
try are less inclined to be devout now than Jor
inerly. The literary colleges are r-well filled;
but there is a great und Lncrenqinir rW.line in
the Theological Seminaries. In 1.840, there
were 152 theological students t. Andover, and
in 1852, only 91. The same declension is no
ticeable in the Old School Presbyterians, and
among the Baptists; w v--- , -.
They have begun to clean out streets in earn
est. Thirteen hundred' men were set to work
during the last week. They removed 53,347
loads of dirt, at an expense of $16,146 , -:
f In the last few days the weather has been tfiv
comfortably cold. It is bleak and chilly,, and
many people are suffering from It. There are
two abominable months of the5year that might
be dispensed with, August; the last of the hot
months, and March, the last nf the cold ones.
. .- v .- , -.:V m.
- Washington City Lime.
O A Y CASKS Washington City Lime, (supe
jJJ riorfor whitewashing) just received.
For sale .by.. NIEMETER & WHITE.
Pertsmoath, a., March 31? '54. -' 27
USaP'Standard copy. -
Irish :Thomaston Lime.
fiZ. A CASKS Irish Thomaston Lime,
per
JtJf schooner " BeauchamD " direct from
Maine now landing at our Wharf. For sale low
by NIEMEVEB & WHITE.
Portsmouth, Va., March 81, .'54 27
" JRStandard copy.
Office N. C. R. R. Co., k
March 24, 1854.
"Vf-OTICE. I will be in Raleigh 4th and 5th
J 1 April, being Tuesday and Wednesday of Su-:
perior Court, when Stockholders in this Company
can have an opportunity of paying their instal
ments. - . CYRUS P. MRNDRNHALL,
Sec'y and Treasurer.
April 1, '51. . 2t.
QTATE OF NO
County. In Ec
ORTH CAROLINA Pkrson
quitj Fall Term, 1853.
Edwin G. Reade and wife vs. Stephen Moore, Al
fred L, Moore, Erasmus Moore, William Moore,
and others Bill filed. , . .' '
It appearing to the satisfaction of the Court, that
Erasmus Moore, and William Moore,, the defen
dants in thi8,case, are not inhabitants of this State,
it is therefore ordered by the Court, that adver
tisement, be. made for five weeks in the Raleigh
Register, notifying the said defendants of the
filing of this bill, and that unless they appear at
the next term of this Court, which will be held in
the Court House, in Roxboro,' on the 7th Monday
after the 4th Monday in March inst., and answer
the "said bill, - the same wi'l be taken pro confer
so and heard tx parte as to them.. ;
Witness, John Bradsher, Clerk and Master of
Equity of our said Court, at office, in Roxboro',
t he 23rd day of March, 1854.
JOHN BRADSHER, C. M. 'E.
April 1, 1854. w6w 27
SPRING STOCK OF
Boots, Shoes, Gaiters, etc.; etc.
rpiIE SUBSCRIBER is now receiving his Spring
I and Summer Stock of articles in his line,Sn
brncing every variety of grade worn by Ladies,
Gentlemen, Children al Servants, comprising the
largest, assortment, pernaps ever Drougut to tnis
market. , Among them are lots of new styles des
ignated as "Eureka," "Talmas," elegant -styles ;
children's Anckje Ties, a great and handsome vari
ety, besides a large quantity of the most fashion
able and tasty articles, quite too numerous .to
mention. -
A lot of the finest English and French Kid
I Slippersrvjyy superior.
He has also received a choice stock of manu
facturing materials," which he .offers for sale on
reasonable terms tq the trade, and which will be
m'ade up for his customers, in the best style ; hav
ing superior workmen in his employ for that pur
pose. J6"" Thankful for the liberal share of patron
age he has received, he hopes, by accommodating
sales and strict attention to business, to merit and
receive a continuation of the same."
HENRY PORTER, Fayetteville st.
April 1st, 1854. . wow-27
Estray .
TAKEN up by Jno. C. Moore, S miles west of
Raleigh, on Saturday, the 25th ult., a small
Roan Stud Horse, 4 feet 11 inches high, supposed
to be about 4 years old, hip-shotten in the right
hip, with Mack mane and tail. Said St id had
bridle, and saddle, and halter, the saddle -very
much worn. He was appraised by Jordan Wom-
bte and Samuel Rowland at Fifty- Dollars
WILLIS SCOTT, Ranger.
March 31, 1854.
2t 27
E. L. Harding,
Opposite Messrs. Eoans ( Cook,
Manufacturer and Dealer in Superior
READY MADE CLOTHING,
IS now receiving
Superior black doe skiu Pants,
do fancy do, do do
do .. white linen drill do
do do .de duck do
do fancy do- do do
do black satin D. B. Vest,
do do ; do S. B. do
do do silk ' do
do fancy do do
do- fanner satins do
do white Marseilles D. B. Vest,
do do do S. B. do. '
do figured do -do
do black cloth frock Coats, -do
" do dp dress ' s do -"
lo fancy do frock do . ,
do do do sack do
with all the medium qualities.
. For bargains in well made Goods, call at- :
: HARDING'S.
March 31, '54, -:: - - , , 27
(Standard copy.) '-
O'
REGON PEAS. Another supply of celebra
ted Peas is received and for sale at a reduced
price, jay . r. r. rr.su ll.
20,000 Copies in 20 Days !
- .. THE
LAMPLIGHTER,; t
THE MOST EXTRAORDINARY AND ,
THRILLIHG TAI.E
" OF MODKRN TIMB8.
THIS IS THE UNIVERSAL TESTIMONY OF
THE NEWSPAPER-PRESS AND THE
VERDICT OF .THE
Reading Public. - W
We have been utterly unable to All our orders,
so gTeat has been the demand '
for this .
Great Americaa Romance.
; - PUBHISHED BY . '
JOHN P. JEWETT & CO., ; -
t. , . : BOSTON. - '.'
- And for sale by all Booksellers.
P Sr The work win be forwarded by mail to
any person enclosing! and six postage stamps.
sta - J" r, : ; ' T?.
. - rt - - - . .
ted -there were
12,000 students.
'"-- '--y- POSTSCRIPT I
I-V LAST NIGHTS MAIL!
..-V ARRIVAL OF THI FRANKLIN. '
.FOUR DAYS LATER FROM EUROPE..
- W- o - v "NiT Yoke, March 29.
; Ihe Steamer Franklin arrived at" her wharf
to-day with four days later advices from Europa.
Her political news U unimportant,' She' left
Li verpool on the 15th. - She rep6rtno change
whatever in Eastern affairs." !
iolh' &"aia rriTed out at ierpool on the
lth.- 1 be Hermann arrived at Cowes on the
iame day. ' ,"'" -v -
flt " J013 ttat the Czar has ordered his
troops to pass the Danube immediately
The first division of the'1 British fleet, under
command of Admiral Sir Charles Napier had
sailed for Wingee Sound, and will not at pres
ent enter Russian.' waters.. ' '
Prussia has' sent a cnnfi.lenflal mto,;-
Napoleon. .- .
great earthquake.
A great EarHiqiiake has occurred at Calabria.
Two tliousand persons were killed -
'.. - markets. . '
ni LiTSRPoot., March 14, 1854.
Cotton was unchanged, and notes small.
Flour has declined 3s. to 4s.
Wheat has declined 6d.-
Corn unchanged so are Consols.
TREMENDOUS EXCITEMENT ATWSH
INGTON DUEL BETWEEN CUTTING
AND BRECKENRIDGE-BRECKEN-JilDGE
SAID TO BE SHOT LN TnE-NECK.
Washivgton, March 29.
; immense excitement has peyailed here dur
ing to day, in consequence of sundry rumors
afloat to the effect that a duel hadlaken place
between the Hon. Francis B. Cutting, of New
York, and the Hon. John C. Breckenridge, of
Kentucky. The most reliable, however, is' a
follows u -
Cutting challenged Breckenridge ; the latter
accepted and the duel was. fought at 6 o'clock
this morning near Bladensburg. , Some say
neither party was hurt, Jind another meeting ii
expected -...--
Other ccoonts state that Mr. Breckenridge
was shot in the neck.
The excitenieut to day in the House of Rep
resentatives was intense.
The New.York Hard Shells sav the matter
shall be fought out by Mr. Cutting or some ona
else. ' -y -f - -.
. Neither belligerents or particular friendscan
be found any where in Washington.
The matter is much regretted by some, while
others.sem to exult at the prospect of blood
shed, r ;
The Book of the i9th Century.
THIRTY YEARS VIEW; .' .
Or, The History of the Working
. v . OF THE
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT
roR-TniRTt TEARS.
- BY TIIOS. II. BENTONT.
ri0 be puhlishckl by Subscription in yq laryo
-JL 8vo volumes, douhle colurnn, each to contaTu
700 pages. The 1st volume will be readv 611 tha
20th of April, and will be embellished vvUlio airei
plate portrait of Senator Bisnton.
During the last thirty years there has beer, no
important public measure in which this active and
distinguished Statesman has not taken an ne
and decisive part, and, heen familiar with the iullu
ences, whether secret, or public, which haveuiye l
forward or opposed, each. And now at the decline
of a long and eventful life, he pens for future gen
erations his lessons of wisdom, and presents theiu
with his experience in such a .manner as to illus
trate, with great clearness and force, the practi
cal working of onr novel system of Government.
Since the anuoiiucemeut of the above work a .
in press, uie greatest nesire lias existed amongst
all parties to secure copies of the work.
The words Whig and Democrat are lost sight of,
and from the representations w hich the publishers
receive, there are fully as many subscribers of one
party as the other. All unite in believing that the
"Chronicles Df the United States for the past thir
ty years'1 could not be in better hands.
Althongh the work has been but a short time
announced, yet the subscription list has already
reached the very large number of 35,000 copies.
Jjt is confidently believed that n sale of more than
four times fiat number may be expected, as no
American,- whether engaged iu Political, Mercan
tile, or Rural pursuits,, can fail to purchase tk'U
work. -
CANVASSING AGENTS
who have already engaged in disseminating it, havs
met with most extraordinary success.
Canvassers are wanted in every part of the State
of North Carolina, excepting in the following coun
ties : Beaufort, Bertie, Chowan, Craven, Edge
combe, Granville, Greene, Martin, Pitt, Tyrrel,
Washington and Wayne, are still wanting Can
vassers. Respectable men, who can furnish good
references as to ability and character, will be eu
gaged on application to the Publishers. Applicants
for Agencies should be particu'ar to state wbttt
counties they desire , -
D. APPLETON & CO,
. 34C & 348 Broadway, New York.
March 31, '54; 4t.
PESCUD.
HOLES ALE
AND RETAIL
DRUGGIST,
J1i,AL,.fciiU!t iyA' is now receiving nis et-
tensive purchases for the Spring' Trade, ami the
rapidly increasing demand having justified his pur
chasing many' articles in original cases, whicli he
has hitherto procured in small quantities, jusiifie.s
him in offering unprecedented inducements to hi 4
friends and customers. To the trade he will sll
the most popular Patent Medicines at the Proprie
tors', prices, and respectfully requests dealers and
tne puonc generally to give his stock and prices ati
examination before sending, their orders North or
elsewhere..
. March 30.(1854." , 27
PAINTS, OILS & VARNISH. The Subscriber
is receiving his .Spring stock of Paints, Oils and
Varnishes, of all kinds and qualities, and in quan
tities commensurate, with -the greatly increased
demand. - He would call especial attention to his
superior quality of Pure White Lead, Linseed Oil,
Coach and Furniture Varnish, and respectfully in
vite purchasers to examine his Stock and price
before buying in this or the northern Markets, be
lieving he is able to give them superior induce
ments. P. F. PESCUD.
Raleigh, March, 31, I80I. 27
OSAO
ca, 1
AGE ORANGE. The Hedge Plant of Aineri -
The Osage Orange, has more than met the
most sanguine expectations of its friends ; and so
far as regards the greit object in view, a good aid
beautiful fence, adaptation to our climate, variety of
oilj hardiness, easy propagation, and cheapness,
it is all that can be desired. ' A supply of the seed
and a Treatise on the cultivation of the plant may
be had of P. F. PESCUD.
, March, 31, '64. 27
DRESSING, COMBS. A fina
hand and for sa:e-by I
assortment is to
. F. PESCUD.
GARTER'S SPANISH MIXTURE. A fresh
supply just received, and those troubled with
Dyspepsia or diseases arising from an impure stat
of the blood, are urged to give it a triaL It has
produced a wonderful cure in Raleigh, by the use
U 2 Bottles.. P. F. TESfcD.