North Carolina Newspapers

v - . - I - . . , , , wg; mt: n . 1 ill ifW 1 11) f I iPIW 11'. K fi'wf vol.xi V "h r'i;rri.;;r'., raleigh Wednesday morning march 13 1861 - : . i ' l ' . no. 10 . , ' , j - I ; , I , ' I I . !- Uj galrig 'geflisf or. rCBLLHtD BT SVJIK HALL. Editors a4 Prprleorm. UAT.KIGII. X. C. SATURDAY MORNING, MARCH 9,' 1861 1 - CAPTIOXS. : . t We hareatill on hud boai 1000 cption, oiJ m we mre anxioas to dispose of them, ni J v v. :i r... f ,. w Ktu kuii uirui it uitU lie. vi t0 nv) to &qj part of the State, for $i 00 per Lao dred. Tbeee captions include all the acts, resolotions, io., passed at ihe late session of the Geocial Assemblr. toesther with the amcDdmeots telh rerenue law. PKKSIDKMT . LINCOLN'S IM ALU L it AL . . ADDRESS. We lay before oar reiders to-day this anxiously expected document. Nerer since the eomsBeneement of the gorernment were the views of a President, about to enter npon the discharge 'of the duties vf his ofSce, looked for with auch intense anxiety. From Mr. Lincoln's lipenrere to fall words of no lean momentons import than those ef. peace or war. ' Those words hare fallen, and what are their import ? i tff hile we frankly confess that there is some dtver&ity of opinion npon this subject, we have reluctantly eome to the conclusion that if the President carries out his arowed purpose, and attempts to collect the rerenue, and to "bold, occupy and pos sess property and places belonging to the gorernment," a bloody civil war will begin. We do not believe that it was necessary for iTesident Liaeoln to avow such a purpose. If, instead of doing so, he bad declared his intention to call an extra ssioa of Congress, and submit to their consideration, the grave isues before the country) and in the mean time wcld be content to let matters remain : as they are, we verily believe the happiest consequence would have resulted from such an avowal, and war and bloodshed have been averted. The word possess," as used by the President, necessarily implies that be, as the representative of the government, will not only hold on to the property now in, its oeeopanty, bat will retake- that which has been wrested from it. So, war will begin, not only for the retention of Fort Samtcr by the government, but for the recovery of the other Forts in Charleston harbor, and also for the recovery of the Navy Yard ard Fort Baraoeas, in the harbor of Pensacola, as well as all the Forts and Arsenals which .have been seised npon by the seceding States, and thus wQl begin a war which will spread from' South Carolina to the Mexican border. Will not this be coercion in the broadest sense of the word, and can any rational man doubt that all the slavebolding States will sooner or later be embroiled in the war ! Conservative as wa have been and are new, and as much opposed as we are to the disruption' of this govern ment, we havej from the beginning, contend-' ed that whether it thould have that effect or not, an attempt at coercion ptrthe part of the General Government would bring on a gen eral civil war. 1 In this opinion we have been sustained by nine out of ten of the conserva tive newspapers of the South. It may not be too late now for Mr. Lincoln to remedy the fearful mistake which he has made. Let him at obce issue his proclamation for Con gress to meet at an early day, and in that proclamation dec '-are that he will "hold his hand" .on il he can consult with. Congress oq the momentous Usues, and war may yet stous Usues, and Will be do ayy be averted THE CALL OK A CONVENTION STILL DOL'HTFLL. j The vote on the ca'l of a Convention is sc doubtful that.it cannot be known what the J decision has been until the official vote is eounWd. We again express. the hope that the Convention has been called, because we believe its ac'ion will bo controlled by the best, the moat substantial, 'and most reliable men in the State. If the Convention baa i not been called, Gov. Ellis will at once issue iitTprocIamition for the re-assembling of the Legislature, and there is no telling if they will not order, peremptorily, the election of delegates, without giving the people the op portunity to say whether or not they wish a Convention. Indeed, we now say, with posi tive certainty, that in the event the result of the vote on the 23th nit. is against a Con vention, Gov. Ellis will immediately call back the Legislature and recommend meas ures for the call of a Convention. We say, positive certainty," because Gov. E. said in a speech in Wilmington, on Tuesday, that ' if the people had defeated the Convention, they would be driven to the necessity of re considering their eonduct by circumstances about to transpire over which they had no control." So, if the people have not called a Convention now, Ahey will be . driven ' (says Gov. KHis) to call one, and what sort of one? .Who ean tell I t P. S. Since writing the above e learn - that aerenty-one counties have been officially . Leajcd from at the offioe of the Secretary of State, and that the majority for Convention is between 29 and--100. It is doubtful as to the result in the other counties. j i t : '-:; I . ' EX-PRESIDEIfT BUCHANAW. ! - The exodus of this late incumbent of seat once occupied by .Washington and his successors of the better days of the Kepub- lic, famishes food for thovght of painfa and humiliating I'nature. Never did any man, since the very earliest days of the gov ernment, save and except Abraham Lincoln, attain office at a junctor demanding more capacity, .firmness, ' and patriotism, than the exigency ef the times required ot . Air. Bachanan, when cm the 4th of March, 1857, he was inaugurated President of the United State?, and' never did any man manifest more signal Incapacity to meet and deal with questions of vast moment than was display ed by Mr. Buehanan. . From the beginning to the end of bis administration; it was one unbroken series of either blunders, disgrace ful to this intellects and information of him self or advisers or crimes which. have ren dered bis administration the synonym for all that is degraded, corrupt and infamous. lie was elected to bring Kansas ibto the Union' as a slave State. The Southern Democracy, the special and self-appointed champions of the institution of slavery, urged his election mainly on that ground, and what was tho re sult ? After a series of disgraceful vac illations and deceptions on his part, and after a re:gn of anarchy in Kansas, that ter ritory has , become a free State member of the Confederacy. The Mormons who were to be thrashed into good behavior are still as obdurately determined as ever to set at defiance the laws of God, and man, and decen cy, and after a great exposure of life and health, and after wholesale frauds on the part of army contractors frauds not only connived at but participated in' by the head of the War Department the army of the United States, senf to the Mormon territory an cuonacu cXpeuse, has not been per mitted to carry out, or attempt to earry oat. the object of the expedition." Wonld not the soldiers sent to Utah have been better emcloved ia Texas, where the Indians are having fall play at a defenceless' frontier ! More than once or twice during the adminis tration we have, by its blunders, been on the eve of hostile collision with Foreign Pow ers. Time and again, the attention of the administration was called to fraudulent dis position of government property by the bead of the War Department, but so far from re moving him. he was allowed to retain his office until, at last, when frauds conld be cov ered np no longer, be stood confessed to the woi Id as a peculator to the amount of mil lions, and at the same time an aider and abet tor of hostilities against '.tho government whose officer he was. ' These arc some of the prominent features of. Mr. Buchanan's administration, and the American historian will blush for his coon try when be writes down the disgraceful facts. And now, when his ad ministration is closed, in what condition does he leave the country T The government dis rupted by the withdrawal of seven States, the property of tho government in the hands of the seceding States to the amount of many millions, other property of vast value threat ened with siezare at the coat even of the lives of those who bold it as the servant of the government a Treasury thoroughly bankrupt, and a fearful looking forward to a civil - and bloody war, the end of which do eye but that of the Omniscient can see. It is under such circumstances as these that the Ex-President, James Buchanan, closed a long publio life, ef whish, cunning and craft, accompanied by a pitiable in firmity of purpose, were the chief character istics. Thank Heaven, we never voted for him or supported him for one moment. FALSE CHARGE AGAINST HON. JNO. A. GILMER. The annexed letter from Mr. Gilmer re futing the eharge that he had franked docu ments to free" negroes should have appeared in the last Register, but. was mislaid.. We hope those who circulated the charge against Mr. G. will circulate the refutation : ' "" House or Ket&ksektativkis, February 28th, 18C1. . J. W. sir ua, E-Q Dear Sir: I have received seTeral letters advising nra that peeche and doc uments havebuen received at different Post Office in my Slate directed to free negroc. j Nothing could hare induced me to do such a thing, or knowingly to permit the same to be done. Some week aince I united with other Union Southern members of Congress in baying a largo quantity of documents, and the peeches of Menra. Criltendan, Millson, and other members, with a view of distributing tbem among the vot er in the Southern SlatA. I wai desirous, and did all I could to place one in the hands of each voter in the State. After franking such as I wanted to be sent into my State, I engaged some young men to direct them from the consu lists, as did the Kreckinridgo Committee in this city before the last Presidential election. If anv became directed to free negroes , under my frank, it must have occurred in this way. I bavo conferred with the gentlemen who did the directing, and they assure mo that they directed to none who did not appear on tho said lists as white persons.' The census takers may have made error, and some of the documents may have been, through theso mistakes, directed inadvertently to such. 1 certainly had no documents to waste with such persons, and, regret mach if any of tbem went , under such direction. But these speeches and documents containud nothing that would incline such person to be less submissive and obedient to the whites or kxs loyal to the laws. ' If I bad had the lout suspicion tbat, by any possibility, any of tbe documents could have happened to bo directed as aforosiad, the said lists should not have bee:i used by my directors. rieaae publish tbe above explanation and oblige, ... ' Youra truly, . JOHN A. GILMER. n. . ; . ,' , - . MEDICAL JOURNAL CAROLINA. OF NORTH i We acknowledge the receipt of the March number of this valuable Medical publication, This number contains 107 pages, is printed on fine paper, and presents a neat and attrac tive appearance. The Editors are Drs. C. E. Johnson and S. S. Satohwell. We have not the pleasure of Dr. SatchwelPs aoquaia tancc, but understand that be is regarded as one .of best physicians in. the State. Dr. Johnson, however, wa know well, and of him we can say, that in addition to his being one of the most skillful and excellent physioians in the State, be is a profound scholar and one of the ablest writers, in the State, and the Medical Faculty of North Carolina are for innate in seouring tne services of one, so well qualified ' to discharge the duties of editor of their Medical Journal as is Dr. Johnson. The work under his editorial con trol will command the Attention of physioians throughout the" country, and will deserve to be liberally sustained by not only the pbyai cians, out every intelligent man in the State. The March number of the Journal contains several able and interesting original com munication8, together with a number of val uable selections, treating of the Practice of Medicine, Surgery, Obstetrics, Therapeutics, &o., as well as reviews, editorials, &o. The Journal is published bi-monthly, at $3 00 per annum. CIRCULAR THOMAS. r We call attention to the letter' from Mr. Turner, showing np Circular Thomas, the Senator from Jackson. By the way, we hear that Ciroular has been beaten as a candidate i for the Convention SPEECH Of HON. J. M. LEACH. We call alUation to tho excellent speech of the Hon. J. M. Leach, which we publish to-day. It will be observed that he takes decided ground against coercion ; FORT SUitrER. The Charleston Mercury is not for an im mediate attack on this Fort, but for starving the garrison into a surrender. It thinks tbat hot weather and salt meat will effectually do their work. - I . . . i ,i : fly In making out the election retujus for our last issue, several gross mistakes were committed in the hurry of the moment, and discovered too late to be corrected. The vote of Guilford was stated as 2771 for and 113 against Convention, when it should have been 113 for and 2771 against. . ' J. W. B. Watson, Esq., of JJbnston, was put down as haviag rnn on the Secession ticket. We understand tbat this is a mis take, there - being no secession ticket in that county. Messrs. Watson and Williams, we learn, were not candidates, but were voted for by some of their, friends as Union men. O tier errors there were which are corrected in this issue. ELECTION RETURNS. fiertie Lewis Thompson and Thoe. J. Pugb, Union, elected without opposition. ; G'afrxWilley, Union, elected by 200 majority. Majority for Convention 276. Buncomb M. Patton, Union, elected over N W. Woodfin, Secession, by nearly 600 majority. Convention has over 800 majority. Madison Gudger, Union, elected by about 400 majority, and 'tbe county gives 300 majority against a Convention. : i Hagvoood-iWm. Hicks, Union, elected by 38 majority. " ' r f !M Jackson T. D. Bryson, Union, elected over Wm. U. Thomas, Secession. . Chroke A. T. Davidson, Union, elected. Macon C. D. Smith, Union, elected. ' Wataiga Jonathan Horton, Union and anti Convention, 275 ; J. B. Palmer, do. 4a, 145 ; D. Farthing, Union and Convention, 128; S. M Guffey, Secession, 28. Alamance R. Y. McAden, Union, 967 ; Har mon Harbor, do., 905 ; Judge Ruffin, 480 ; A. G. Hughes, 263. T Stokrs John Hill, Union, elected No Con vention 688. i i Beaufort Warren, Union, 895 ; Carter, do., 888. Messrs. Ellison and Clark received 97 and 37 votes respectively, but were not candidates. Convention 597; No Convention 650. Hyde E. . L. Mann, Union, 496; G. W, Hodges, 'Secession, 172. Convention J476; Ne Convention 161. ( Hertford John H. Jernigan, Union, elected by a majority of 72. Majority against Conven tion 53. , Henderson AV. M. Shipp, Union, 1041 ; B M. Ednev. Secession, 279., Convention 513; No Convention 647. : i , Montgomery S. H. Christian, Union, 807; Col. Gaines, Union, (nocandidate) 114.1 Conven tion 81 ; No Convention 870. ' Lixoik, County, N. C, March 1st, 1S61. Msssrs. Stmc 3c Jl all : Uelow l send you the result of the election wtucn eimi ox in Oald well county, on yesterday, for Convention or No Convention, and lor aeiegaies wereio, to-wit: a o 0 : a 5 3 o a o a a tr. o" a b c PrbcIkcts. o a . 8 "c! a .to a c a Lenior Precinct, THE 306 55 91 261 ' 89 4 4 88 25 39 48 17 107 1 3 108 109 8 10 105 75 22 . : 30 72 711 19 L 186 651 129 ; 186 583 '; . -J - 465 Summers " Deal's - King's Creek" Patterson . John' River" SENATOR CLINGMAN REPUDIATED , BY HIS OWN DISTRICT, T f i I The vote in the Mountain District for delegates to the Convention is a very decid I ed repudiation of Senator Clingman's j fire- eaung proclivities. . xais own oounw is ueau set against him. V kgainst CONVENTION MA NO CONVENTION JORITIES. t MAJORITIES. 7 Halifax, Wake, Pitt,' i Edgecombe. 1010 160 709 1571 1571 1196 1008 432 1181 566 622 445 ,770 698 500 300 ; 906 592 ri53 715 100 741 313 Chatham, ; 1512 Washington, 180 Pasquotank, , - j ' 270 Chowan, , 18 Iredell, . 1627 New Hanover, Mecklenburg, Wayne, Forsythe, ' 1123 Orange, -i 957 Guilford, 2658 Davidson, 1440 Caldwell, l 500 Columbus, Ouplin, Brunswick, . Lincoln, Rowan, 268 Davie, K Sl 471 Alamance, , i 832 Yadkin, , "' 1.456 Surry, 929 Randolph, N : 2421 Moore, ' - . 1112 Oaldwell, : . 465 Hertford, V 'S3 Stokes,- , 686 .Wilkes, 1819 Henderson, i : 74 Montgomery, 789 Ashe & Alleghany j 700 burke, Catawba, Gaston, j Crafen, Naah.'t Cabarrus,- -Clesyveland, . Franklin, i Johnston, . Warren. , Granville, Rutherford & Folk 920 Union, 65 555 238 760 442 351 252 421 249 542 426 332 315 59 20 930 .549 200 C33 180 -276 212 300 4 Beaufort, I 53 j 249 i 374 '464 i 300 133 j 494 Caswell, Rockingham, Catawba, Camden, Robeson, ; Watauga, Madison, Cumberland, Bertie, . i Sampson, Greene, . Lenoir, McDowell, Northampton, Onslow, Person, . Richmond, Hyde, Anson, Bladen, . Buncombe, ' Craven, Jones, Martin, Perquimans, Gates, Harnett. Currituck, Carteret, 26,631 24,32 MR. LINCOLN'S CABINET NOMINATED ! AND CONFIRMED. President Lincoln on : Tuesday communicated to tbe U. S. Senate? in Executive Session, the names of the following Cabinet Officers,; who were all confirmed . unanimously, exceptin Messrs. Bales and Blair. Four or five Senators voted against these two gentlemen, on the ground that they were unwilling that any of the; slave States should be represented in tbe Cabinets William H. Seward, of New YorkJ Secretary of State. : ' .-. . Salmon P. Chase, of Ohio, Secretary of the Treasury. ; . Simon (Jamoron, ot Pennsylvania, becreiary ot War.. . , Gideon G. Wells, of Connecticut, Secretary of the Navy. ; Caleb a. Smith, ol Indiana, becreury oi tne Interior. . r Montgomery Blair, of Maryland, i osun aster General. Edward Bates, of Missouri, Attorney General, Five of these gentlemen ; are from tbe free States, and two from slave, States. As regards old party divisions, Messrs. Chase, Blair, Cameron and Welles, were formerly democrats, and Messrs. Seward. Smith and Bates, "old line'' Whigs, but all of them now are modem "republicans." FOR THE KEtilSTJCR. Oxroao. March 4th, 1861. Mcssas. Editous: I have just read.'for the first time, the card of William II. Thomas, dated Feb ruary 23d. ' Mr. xnomas endeavors to justuy ana , excuse his falsehoods to tbe public by making false chareres and insinuations unon me. i In bis card ne " presumes i Uk irom nu room. .... . . , . i in the Capitol, bis letter to his immediate consti tuents." There is no more truth in this presumption than in that other presumption of bis tnat .air. not decai had read and approved his bank charter, when Mr. Mordecai bad never read, approved or heard of his charter. . The morning after I called the attention of tbe Senate to bis letter, Mr. Thomas, in the presence of two other Senators, a?ked me wnere x got tnat " little paDer. meaning bis letter to pie immedi ate constituents. I gave him the information de- Birod Yiv nAvinir it waa banded to me Dv a citizen of Raleigh who bad received it from a little prin ter boy. -1- ' - : . " 1 . V" Mr. Tboma savs 1 " obtainea permission to bring the letter before the Senate by prefacing my amplication with the statement that it did not relate to the Question of Union or disunion.'! &c. This statement is as void of truth as Thomas is Of shame. I made no application' tc get tbe let- On ua mtrht of the 2ist of ieDruarv. i onerea a resolution. Tbe Senator from Onslow objected to it, fearing it related to Federal Allaire, j 1 said it related neither to Union nor disunion, and re- Juested that he would withdraw his objection ; be id so; the resolution was received j. it directed the Speaker to nave read, alter prayers on me 22d, Washington's Farewell Address, and tq in vite ihe Governor. Judses of the Supreme Court, and the House of Commons to be present. ; After some remarks upon the resolution j l men tioned Thomas' sensation letter to bis constitu ents, which contains three or four jlpable false hoods. I mean what l say. iney are not errors or mistakes) they are fake stateroepts, known to I him to be such when be wrote them,' and intend ed to deceive and mislead the people. In his card of the 2,3d of February, be tries to show tbat he had the authority of Gov. Keid and Mr. Jefferson Davis, (of the new government) for hia false statements. JNeitner or tnose gentlemen iniorm m1 him a he wrote to his constituents that "all tbe State South and West of No-th Carolina have withdrawn;' neitner ot tnem lniormea him that' " tbe bill to commence War upon the seceding State passed before the commissioners adjourned, nun, in laci, me commissioners uau not adiourried : neither of them iniormed bim that the Virginia Conventiou had 'prepared for secession. ; - ! . ! ! . I have no Measure in chasms: a man before the public from one falsehood to another. I should not have noticed Mr. Thomas' card but for the frave charge it makes against me of $oming dis onestlv by his letter to bis constiuests, 1 J . I think he nas put nimseii oeyona ine power of injuring either an election or an individual - Kalkigh March 7th,' f86i. If it ia any satifaction to Mc lTbomas, or tbe public -to knw how Mr, Turner got .mi copy of Mr. Thomis' famous letter to. his constituents, 1 can gratify them by saying tbat I gave it to bim in the Senate Chamber on the 2 1st of February. f ; J. J. FERRELL. '-' V,.: . 1 -4 -; -; In the eame of life men most, frequently play tne knave, ana women tte aeuce. INAUGURATION OF MR. LINCOLN. HIS INAUGURAL. , Washington, March 4. Mr. Lincoln was to day inaugurated President of the United States. He was escorted to the Capitol in a carriage with President Buchanan, and from the Southern por tico delivered the following 1 : - 1 v- inatjqubai. : . ; ' ; - " FxLLow-CmzEirs of thx Ukitsd States : In compliance with a eustom as old as the Gov ernment itself, I appear before you to address you briefly, and to take fn your prince the oath pre- scribed by the Constitution of the United States to be taken by tne .President before he enters on the duties of his office. I do not consider it ne cessary at present for me to discuss those matters of administration about which there is Ho special anxiety nor -excitement. Apprehension seems to exist among the people of the Southern States that by tbe accession of a Republican administration their property, and tboir peace, and personal secu rity, are to be endangered, f There has sever been any reasonable cause for such apprehensions. In deed, the most ample evidence to the contrary has aii vut wuno txiiw3u, iiiu wren open ta ineir in spection. Jt ii found in nearly all the public speeches ot him who now addresses you.' " ' l ao not quote irom one ormese speecnes wnen I declare, "that I have no purpose, directly nor indirectly, to interfere with the institution of slavery id the States in which it exists. I do be lieve I have no lawful right to do so, and I have no Inclination to do so." Tbcee who nominated and elected me, did so with the full knowledge that f had made this and many similar declara tions, and had never recalled tbem. : And more than this, they placed in tbe platform for my ac ceptance, and as a law to themselves and to me, the clear and emphatic resolution which J now read: - ' uEe wived, That the maintenance inviolate of the rights ef the States, and especially the right of each State to order and control its own domestic institutions according to its own judgment exclu sively, is essential to that balance of power of which tbe perfection and endurance of our politi cal fabric depends ; and. we denounce the lawless invasion by armed force of me sou of any state or Territory, jio matter under what pretext, as among the greatest of crimes." I bow reiterate tneee sentiments, and in doing so, l only press upon tne public attention me most conclusive evidence, of which thescase is suscepti ble, that the property, peace, and security of io section arc to be in any wiw endangered by the now incoming Administration. 1 USa, Jo, tnat all the protection which consistently with' the Constitution and laws, can be given, will be cheer fully given to all the States, when lawfully de manded, for whatever cause as, cheerfully to one section as to another. There is much controversy about the delivering up of fugitives from service or labor. The clausa I now read is as plainly wriiten in the Constitution as any other of its pro visions : " . ' . " 'j ;. No-person held to service or tabor in one State, under "the laws thereof, escaping into another, shall, in consequence of any law or resolution therein be declared free from such service or la bor, but shall be delivered upon the claim of the party to whom such service or labor may be due." - ' - fc ' .r. . .; It is scarcely questioned that this provision was intended by those who made it for the reclaiming of what we call fugitive slaves, and the intention of tbe law if the law. All members of Congress swear thoir support to the whole Constitution to this provision as much as to any other. To the proposition, then, tbat slaves whose cases come within the terms of this clause shall be delivered up, their oaths are imperative. Now, if they - , ; - ii. t. would mate me euori in goou temper, couiu mey not, with equal unanimity, frame and pass a law by means of which to keep good tbat oath 7 There is eome difference of opinion whether this clause shall be enforced by national or by Slate authority, but surely that difference is not a very material one. If tbe slave is to be surrendered, it can be of but little sonsequence to bim or to others by which authority ft is done. And should any one in any case be content that his oath shall go unkept on a merely unsubstantial controversy as to how h shall be kept? Again In any law on this subject, ought not all the safe-guards of liber ty known in civilized and humane jurisprudence to be introduced, so tbat a free man be not in any case surrendered as a slave T And might it not be well, at the same time, to provide by law for the enforcement of that clause In the Constitution which guarantees that "the citizens of each State shall be entitled to all the privileges and immuni ties of tbe citizens in the several States ?" I take the official oath to-day with no mental reservation! and with no purpose to construe the Constitution or laws by any hypothetical rules, and while I do not choose now to specify particu lar acts of Congress as proper to be enforced, I do suggest tbat it will be more safe for all, bom in official and private stations, to conform to and abide by those acts wmcn stand unrepealed, man to violate any of them, trusting to find impunity in having them held to be unconstitutional. It is seventy-two years since the first inaugura tion of a President under our National Constitu tion. . JLmnne tnat period nueen ainerent, ana. greatly distinguished citizens have in succession administered the .executive orancn oi tne Gov ernment. They have conducted it through many perils, and generally with great success. , Yet, witn all mis scope xor precedent, x now enter up- . ii - a. a on tne same iasK ior me onei consutauonai term of four years, under great and peculiar dif ficulties. ' . ' '. A dissolution of the Federal Union heretofore only menaced, is now formidably attempted. I bold that in contemplation of the universal Jaw and of the Constitution the Union of these States is perpetual. Perpetuity is implied, if not expres sed, in tbe fundamental law of all national got ernments. It is safe to assert tbat no government, proper,' ever had a provision in its organic laws for its own termination. , Continue to execute all. of the express provisions tf our National Consti tution, and tbe Union will endure forever, it be ing impossible to destroy it, except by some action not provided for in the instrument itself.' Again If the United States be not a Government pro- per. but an assoeiation of States in the nature Of a contract merely, iris a contract not to Depeaceaoiy unmade by less than all the parties who have made iL. Due party to a contract may violate it break it, so to speaK. oui aoes ii uovrequire an wj lawfully rescind it? " j '. , Descending from mese general principles, we find the proposition that, in legal contemplation, the Union is perpetual, confirmed by tbe history of the Union itself. The Union is much older than the Constitution; It was formed, In fact, by the Articles of Association in 1774'.; It was nur tured and continued by the Declaration of Inde pendence in 1774. It was further matured, and the faith of all tbe then thirteen States plighted and engaged that it should be perpetual, by the Articles of Confederation, in 1778, and finally, in 1787. one of the docjared objects for ordaining and establishing the Constitution, was to form a more f . . t . . f . t i . t e 1 1 T T I periect union, uui me ucsirui.-umi ui m u mu by one, or by a part only of the states, be lawful ly Dossible. the Union ia less perfect than before- y possible, the Union b less perfect tbaa before Ibo Constitution having lost the vital element of perpetuity..." : ","'' r ' f": -f-"' It leiiows, irom taeee views, inai nooiaie, up on its own mere motion, can; lawfully get out of the Union, tbat rasses resolves and ordinances to that effect, which are legally void, and that acts of violence wftbin any btate or outes, against tbe authority of the United States, are insurrec tionary or ; revolutionary according to. circum- sUnces. ' ' ; ."'..;.'vi.:" i- : I therefore consider that in view of the Consti-" tution and the lawg, the Union- is unbroken, and tn iba txt of m v ability I shall take care, as the Couiti tution iteelf expressly enjoin: upon me. that the laws ot the union be laiiruuuy executed m m the States. Doing this, I deem to he only a sim ple duty upon my part, and I shall perform it, so far as practicable, unless my rightful master, the Amerfoan people, shall withhold the requisite means; or, j in some authoritative manner, direct the contrary. I trust that this will not be regard ed as fraenaoe, but only as the declared purpose of the .Union that it will constitutionally defend and maintain itself. In doing this there needs to be ao bloodshed or violence, and there shall be Tatna fi nloM it Ka fAVuui nAn x a ATatirtwisnl- in. none Unlaw it be forced upon the National au thority. The power confided to me will be Used to bold, occupy and possesses the property and places belonging to the -Government, and to collect the duties on imports ; but, beyond what may be ne cessary for these objects, there will be no invasion, iSSl: . ii wvt uwwujie j V uo uuisvuW4ewiD sis any interior locality, shall be so great and so uni versal as to prevent competent resident citizens u-om noiding tne .Federal offices, there will be no attempt to force obnoxious strangers, among tbe people for that object, j j. Wh,ile the strict legal right may exist in the Government to enforce the exercise of these of fices, the attempt to do so would be so irritating ana sof nearly impracticable withal, that 1 deem it better to forego tut tbe jtime the uses of such otScesj The mails, unless repelled, will continue to be furnished to all parts pt tbe Union as far as possible. The people every where shall have that sense 6t perfect security which, is most favorable to calm thooght and- reflection. - The course here' indicated will be followed, unless current events and experience shall); show a modification or change to be proper, and in every case and exi gency jmy beet discretion will be exercised accord ing to'eirenmstances actually existing,. and with the view and hope of ia peaceful solution ot the national troubles and tbe restoration of fraternal sympathies and aficctions. j ; Thajt there are, persons in! one section or another who seek to destroy thjfe Union at all events, and are glad of any pretext, I will neither affirm nor deny; bat if .tbere'be such, I need address no word fo them. To thxe,j however, who really love te Union, before entering on so grave a matter as the destruction pf oar national fabric, with its benefits, its jj memories, and its, hopes, would it not be wise jto ascertain precisely why wedoit?j Will you hazard so desperate a step while there is any possibility that any portion of the ills you fly from have no real existence? -Will j you, while the certain ills you fly to are greater than all the rral ones you .fly from, will you rifek the commission of so fearful a mistake? All proi'es? to be content iri' the Union if all con stitutional rights can be maintained. Is it true, then, that any right iv lainly written on the Con- sutution na been denied f j 1 think not. Happi ly, the human mind W so constituted that no par. ! reach to the audacity of doing this thing. bel-s, 4 majority should depriK6 Minority of any clearly written. constitutional righlj it mighty ia a nioj-al point of vtew; justify revfrldljon. It certamy would if such right were a vital one.-? But such is notour case. All the vital rights of minorities, and' of individuals, are so plainly as sured, to them by affirmations and negations, guarantees and prohibitions in the Constitution, tbat j controversies can never arise concerning them j but organic law can never be framed with a provision epecifically applicable to every ques tion which may occur in practical administration. No foresight can anticipate, nor any document of reasonable length ceutain, express, provisions for all possible questions. ! Shall fugitives from justice be surrendered by national or by State authority? Tbe Constitu tion does not expressly say. May Congress pro hibit slavery in the Territories? Tbe Constitu tion does not expressly say. Must Congress pro tect slavery iu the Territories ? The Constitu tion doe not expressly say From questions of this class spring all our constitutional controver sies, and' we divide upon tbem into majorities and minorities. If the minority will not acquiesce, the majority must, or the Government must cease.!' There, is no other alternative for continu ing the Government but aequiscence on one side ormejotner. It a minority in sucn a case win secede rather than acquiesce, they make a prece dent which, in turn, will divide and ruin them ; for a minority of Iheirj own-will secede from them whenever a majority 'refuses to be controlled by such !a minority. For instance, why may pot any portion of the new Confederacy, a year or two hence, arbitrarily secede again, precisely as portions of the present Union now claim to se cede from it? . All who cherish disunion senti ments are now being (educated to the exact tem per of dping this. lsj there such perfect identity of interest among the States to compose a new Union, as to produce harmony only and prevent renewed secession ? Plainly, the central idea of secession is the essence of anarchy. A majority held iu restraint by constitutional checks and limitations, and always' changing easily with de liberate; changes of popular opinions and senti ments, is tbe only true sovereign of a free people. Whoever rejects it, does, of necessity, fly to an archy or to despotismi Unanimity is impossible. The Will of a minority, as a permanent arrange ment, is wholly inadmissible, so that rejecting '.he majority principle, anarchy or despotism, in some Jorm, is all that is left. ; I do pot forget the position . assumed by some that constitutional questions are to be decided by the Supreme Court, nor do-1 deny that such de cisions mut be . binding in any case on the par ties to a suit as to the object of that suit, while they are also entitled to very high respect' and consideration in all, parallel cases, by all other departments of the ; Government. And while it is obviously possible that such "decisions may be erroneous in. any giyen case, still the evil effect following it being limited to that particular case, withj the chance that H may be overruled and never become a precedent for otner cases, it can be better borne than! could tbe e7ib of a deficient practice. . At the same time the candid citizen must confess that if the policy of the Government, upon! vital questions ! affecting tbe whole people,; is to be irrevocably jlxe4 by decisions of the Su preme Court, the instant they are made in ordi nary! litigation between parties in personal action, tbe people will have ceased to. be their own rulers, having to that extent practically resigned their Government into the; hands of mat eminent tri bunal.' Nor is there in this view any assault up on the Court or tbe Judges. It is a duty from which they may not shrink to decide cases proper ly brought before them, and it is no fault of theirs if others seek to turn their decisions to political purposes. ; j-i :'; . ' , ;"' i One1 section of our! country believes slavery is right and ought to be extended, while the other believes it is wrong; I and ought not to be extend ed. This is the only substantia! dispute. - Tbe fugitive slave clause of . the Constitution, and the law for the suppression of tbe foreign slave trade4 are each -as well enforced a any law can ever be in a community where the moral sense of the peo ple imperfectly supports the law itself. The great body of the people abide by th dry legal obliga tion in both eases, and a few break over it in each. This I think cannotf be perfectly cured, and4t would he worse in both casses alter a separation of the sections than before. The foreign slave trajlfl. now imnerfectl v gurmrossed. would be ulti- mately revived witbu restriction in one section while the fugitive slaves, aow only partially sur rendered, would notj be surrendered at all by tbe then .Physically; speaking, we em not separate.' Weiqannot remove bur respective sections irom each other, nor build sin impassable wall between tbom. ' A busband ajtid wife may be divorced and go out of the presence and beyond the reach of end other, but tbe different part of oar country cannot do this. They cannot but remain face to. face, and intercourse, Either amicable or hostile, must continue between: them. Is it possible, then, to make that, intercourse more advantageous it more" satisfactory afWr sejaratkB -tbaa before? Can aliens make treaties easier than frionds can make laws? ' Can. treaties be more faithfully en forced between afiena than laws ean among friends? Suppose yott eo to war. You cannot fight always.. When, after much loss on both sides, and no gain oa either, you cease fighting, the identical questions as to terms of intercourse are again npon you. , r. , -v ," ' This country,' with its institutions, be-ongs to the people who inhabit it. Whenever they grow weary of the existing Government, they can ex- I trcise the constitutional right ot amending it or. f 1 I . I.- 1W a. A . J:..AMkaa sit AMP. their revolutionary right to dismember or over throw iV I cannot bq ignorant of tbe fact thafr, many worthy and patriotio oUlaans are desirous of having the. National Constitution amended.--, WbUe I make no, recommendation of amend -s ments, I fully recognise the rigbtfal authority of tbe people over the whoU subject, to be ezercued in either of the mode prescribed in tbe instru ment itself, and I should, under existing circum stances, flavor rather than oppose, a fair opportu- nity being afforded the people to act tti-on it Ij. will ventore to add that to me the Convention, mode seems preferable, ia that iu amendments ar to originate with tbe people themsel ve, instead of, onl narmittiav ihem to take ortWect proposi tions originated by other not especially chosen for ' the purpose, end which, migbt aot be precisely such as they would - wish ; to either accept or re fuse. . . .' W;-' I-.;''- I understand a nronoscd amendmeat to too. Constitution (which ataeadmact,. however, I have not seen, has pawed Congress, to the effect that me Federal Government . shall, never inter fore with lha domantin institutions of the Slates, in cluding tbat of persons held to service. .To avoid miscfrnstruotion of wnat l nave saw x uepart irui mv nurnosa not to sneak of narticular amend ments, so far a to y t'at, holding uch a pro vision to now be implied constitutional law, I ha ire ao objection to iu being made express and irrevocable. The Chief Magistrate derives all bis authority from the people, and they have confer red nonupon bim to fit terms for tbe separation of the States. The people themsel ves can do to is. also, if they choose, but the Executive, a such, has nothing to do with it. It- is hi duty to ad minister the present Government as it eame to bis hands, and to transmit it, unimpaired by him, to his successor. Why should there not be a patient confidence in the ultimate justice of the people? Is there tny better or equal bone in the world T In our present differences, is either party without faith ofbeinir in the risrhi ? If the Almighty Ru ler of Nations, with his eternal truth and justice, ) be on vourride. of the North, or yours, of the t South, that truth and tbat justice will surely pre vail by the judgment or this great viounai, mo Americal people. By the form of the Govern- . meat under which we live, this same people have wisely given their publio servant but little pow er for mischief, and have, with, equal wisdom, provided for the return of that little intotneir own handset very hort interval. While the neonle retain their virtue and vigi- - lance no administration, by any extreme of wick- edness or folly, can very seriously injure the Gov- ernment in the short space of four years. . . My countrymen, one and all, th fn kajjn n--well 'Upon this whole subject. Ntg valuable can "be JoSt J Uking tiiuifUiere be an object , to hurry anyCf -yOuTn uot basU to a step which you would never lake deliberately, that object wilt be frustrated by Uking time; but no good object can be frustrated by it.f Such of you a are ' , now dissatisfied still have the bid Constitution un impaired, and on the sensitive point the law of your own framing under it, while tbe new Ad ministration will have, no power, if it would, to change eithor. . If it were admitted that you who are dissatisfied hold the right Side in the dis pute, there still is no single good reason for pre cipitate action. Intelligence, patriotism, Chris tianity, and a firm reliance on Him -who ha never yet forsaken this land, are still competent to adjust in the best way all our present difficul ties. - ! . Ia Tour bands, mv dissatisfied fellow-country men, and not in mine, ia the momentous issue of civil war. - The Government will not assail you. You can have no conflict without being yourselves the aggressors. You have no oath registered in I Heaven to destroy the Government, while I ah ail have the most solemn one to preserve, protect and defend it. 1 am loth to closet We are not ene mies, but friends. We musfnot be enemies. Though passion may have strained, it must not break our bond of affection j Tbe mystic chords . of memory, stretching from every battle-field and patriot's grave, to every living heart and hearth stone all over this broad land, will Vet swell tbe chorus of the Unin- when again touched, a surely they will be, by tbe better angel of pur nature. , ; .. I. . BISHOP ATKINSON'S APPOINTMENTS. March 17th. Tarborough. . , if u M a M II II 19th. Scotland Neck. . , 31st. Woodville, Bertie County. 22nd. Windsor. . - , 24th. Williamston. . , 26th. Greenville."' - ' . J 27th. Trinity. Beaufort Counly. 28th. SL John's, Durham's Creek. J 29 th. Bath. I 30th. Zion Church, Beaufort County. 31st, Washington. v 3rd. St. Luke', Washington County. 4th. St. David'. . , ., 6th. Lake ChapoL , I' 7th. Plymouth. ' ' .J:, i ; ' 9th. Gatesville. '' 1 1th, Lastiter' Chapel. . . s 13th and 14th. Elisabeth City. ----- - 16tb. Currituck. - " .. 18th. Woodville, Perquimans County. 19tb. Hertford. ; tlst. Edenton. ' ' ' 23rd. P. M Morfreesborough. : 25th. Jackson. 26th. Burgwyn's Chapel. ' . ' . April II II M U M M II .It ( 28th. Wilson. :; ; r . . : - There are only twenty-five candidates for the Vincennes Post-office, but others are talking of making applicAtion. . .' Hon. Robert J.Walker, by a decision In hi favor,' in the Almaden Mine case, has $4,000,000 put into hi pocket . . ' "You want notkina do you?" said Pat. "Bo dad. if it's nothing you want youll find it in the Jug where the whisky was." The Official Gazette, of Turin, announce the discovery of ao infallible cure for the glanders, by a preparation of arsenic and strychnine. J A western paper, announcing the death of a r gentleman in Iowa, say : He wa a great admirer ot Horace Greeley ,but otherwise a.very respeciauie man. :: . . j ' : . ., , MARRIED,-.'' .'f . Ia VTake eoaetv, the 28th of Fbraary. by Ssm el U. Dapree,m Mr. F. H. Bosssa, and UU V. tu V. Foolc, all ef Wake eeaaty, N. C . Ia Warwick aonaty, Vva Thursday evening, February 21st, at Us resideoae ef D. P. Jones, !, Mr. O. P. Coklx, ef LooUburf.il. C.,unnriy of Raleigh, to Miss Jisumi daarhtor of the Utt John Grambol, Ks, of Warwick, Virgiata, : ' Ia this City en tbe 7th inst, at the resWanoe of J. J. Belts, ., by Jacob SorreU, Esq., Mr Matvhcw Kddiss, aged 76, and Mis Gnizzsr Sfisss, ag2U, all of Wake eounty. . - V - " . " ; ar-CTiiy paper pie we eopy. . ' On the 27th ulL, at 2 o'clock, A. M., by W. Parhaiu, Mr. Joaa H. Piaisa ssd Miss Jcua Fisca, allof OraavilleeoiiBty. ' .' ' j ; Ja Chattooga oouo't. Georgia, ea ' the saoming of thsSUt of Jaaaary, by Rev. lleddii Crawford, lr. B. F. OSAKA-, of Waks county, N. C.and Miss M. Fix! Moatwa, of Chattooga, fvreaerly of Rookioj. baiacooaty, N. 0. , . i . , APPLES It 15 tbeBbL. mar a tf At S. A, WU1TAKRU 10 UAUT UBL!. FICKLBS IN Vl.MC GARtt ' It Vmmm V- -.. - - ,'- ... , : . A vsVy nice article."' " " At mar t tf - WHITAKKR'S. 1 -