North Carolina Newspapers

.it , i .. i j - . . . I ' : 1 ; 1 . ' v - i : ' - : ! j i ' f . " : - " . ' ' . i S ' . ' . " vC ; 1 n . . ( ' . . : "" 1 " ' ' i : . - - : . - ,K C L. HARRIS, Editor "' 0u,rs are the Plans of fair delightful peace unwarped by party rage to live like brothers. ft IW. M. BE04KY, Publis h : NUMBER 19. KALEIGH, TUESDAY, JULY 31, 1877. f I ikh t$' ' r- Tlld OLDEST DAILY IN TILE pi S. THE "WORTH AMERICAN AND UNITED STATES Gazette" MOVES UP AMONG ITS f YOUNGER BKETHBEN ANCIENT JOUE- i NAUSM. Thl removal oi Ihe North ' American and United Stales Gazette f roiiCUtt old quarters, at No. 132? Souttt Third; fetreet, to the more comraooiuuiH : auu ;euirauy Seventh and Chestnut ' streets,, .opposite Forney's press, and the first ..issue of the paper; from its new home this moirning, i formla suitable occasion for a brief re view 6f tho. history of the oldest newspa per iii the Western Hemisphere. . . I Th0 great age oi The North American and f7. S. Gazette ' is not found iin the former part of its title.' The North Amer ican, simple and proper, was foiirtd as late ak March 26," 16397 while TheU, S. Gazette fncaWiV&i&m$l indjiiierged in itself in 1847, was founded in June, 1789-1 By virtue of a similar adoption, claims are made to a riper age. The same year in which The. North American was founded (1839) witnessed the dying pangs of the veteran American Daily Advert ser. j This journal was first published as a weekly, under the nameyrf The Penn sylvania Packet, or General Advertiser, iit 17pl and in 1784 was converted into a 1 daily f the first published in America. It 1 was finite successful afid popularj at first, I mt ii course of time from its patHarch al anl uuprogressive course, was pushed buck j into poverty and feebleness iby I its mare- enterprising rivals. It added to The JftoHh American, which purchased at itsf deceao, just three hundred isubscri hers.'f In 1540 The Commercial Herald was also absorbed in the same manner. Soon,-after this George ; 11. Graham and Alexander Cumtnings obtained control of the phper; and under the editorial man agement of Robert T. Cuiiradjf it laid aside! tlie semi-religious tendencids; which had hitherto marked it and soon grew in esteein, circulation and pecuniary. success. In 1$47 Morton McATichael becamje half ownclr of the paper, and, after tarions changes in its management, iin 184 sole proprietor, which position he occupied un til within a few years, when full of hon ors and the success of his long labors, on behalf of journalism, he retired and gave the daper.into the hands of its presjent ed iters' and proprietors, his sons Walter and Clayton McMichael. , THE "TAIL-END" OP THE NAME. Among the older members of the com munity The U. S. Gazette is more vividly remembered than The North American. It was a full grown newspaper while its rival and subsequent merger was yet in its youth. The success of The Gazette was due to the enterprise of Hon. Joseph ft. Chandler, "who still lives, a venerable butlbale and active citizen, in our midst. Mr. Chandler, in 1822, was a school master, and hi connection with The Qa zettevt?A introduced, by a pitry story which he offered for publication mats col- umns, and which was accepted and, be ' ing followed by other contributions, led to lrfa assumption of the office of editor. In 1826 he became part proprietor of the paper, whose subscribers had increased uud0r his efforts at that time to four hun dred!. For many years he was the sole proprietor, editor, reporter and cpef cor respondent of The Gazette. Fifteen com positors, a proof reader and a business cleri constituted the rest of .the force. There wa3 no financial editor in " those day, with his full and critical money ar ticle, ut the brief returns of thetock board, not constantly or accurately re portled in all cases, were deemed enough for the wants of the monjed portion of the reading public. ' There were no reporters. Amounts of tires, sometimes a day or t.v,) after their occurrence, would be Wi;iie.up from the volunteered informa- ioi(of some, kind, subscriber or friend, wli4 had run behind the engine f or lired near the scene. As for other local news, it was picked up from running' rjuimor or social discus. io;i, as opportunity offered. Tli new editor of The Gazette, however, distinguished himself and addec to the popularity and currency of his pjiper by enterprising efforts to obtain from 'V;ishington, New York and abroad. No .railroads or- telegraphs connected the tit cities Tiien, ana 11 was ion r alter steam -crossed- the ocestri. -Mr. rjiimdler shared with a New York paper expense or a horse express between hington and New York, via this city, was thus frequently - enabled to dis- tw:e his more economical orlslugffish priteniDoraries. On! other occasions he or k messenger of his would meet the reg ulajr stages, secure through the kindness of jeome passenger the " latest newspaper and come out the next morning with news pejhaps ten days old, biit ahead of all rivals. He beat every tiewspajer in the cojmtry in t1827 with the "tidings of the bajttle of H avarino, when it was just nine ty; days past. ' ' "! :' -tiUl :r- m . .' - 4- - a it ? ' - THjE P0REBDNNEaF-OKIiIiiTUPMS. The Gazette1 was 5 'printed on a hand press- turned by a crank. In Jfrj Chand- lel s easiest knowledge this presk could turn off two hundred an hour printed on one side, but in , the course of time im proved appliances enabled ; the pressman to print ' in the same period as many as five hundred copies on both Bides ! The whole edition was finished! .shortly after nidnight, unless something special re quired . delay ; and the editor and com positors and all could get a good night's rest and be ready to start again fresh and early the next morning. No papers were sold on jthe streets ; none but subscribers and those ; who could borrow from sub subscribers were privileged to read the claily news. ' But one copy would then circulate in a neighborly way in many handstand i! rabscrmlioniiJlifit of ehrht liundred mightj represent a : circulation of thousands, as is the case in! foreign coun tries and in some sections of this country even to this day. Advertisements were quite plenty, but at the smallest rates, so that for twenty five dollars a businessman could secure almost unlimited space for an entire year. In size The Gazette was, to wards the last, not much smaller than the present North American. It contained a leader, and sometimes one ,or more edito rials besides, which were always vigorous and sometimes very personal, as was the custom in those days. Besides this, there was a good deal of foreign correspondence mostly compiled in his editorial; chair by Mr. Chandler from foreign exchanges ; articles from domestic papers, genuine cor respondence from the leading cities of ' the East and South, commercial reports and frequently interesting stories by the editor and others, poetry and fancy local sketches. THE MERGES OF THE TWO PAPERS. The 'versatile labors for twenty-five years of Mr. Chandler, together with the strain imposed upon him by active partici pation in public affairs in- Congress and elsewhere, affected, in 1847 his hitherto rugged constitution and induced him to accept the offer of Ihe -North American to purchase The Gazette. The sum paid was forty-five thousand 'dollars, which was bruted far and wide as an extrava gant price, but which to-day would not buy one of Tlie Times' presses. The Ga zette had gradually come to be very decid edly commercial in its tone. Its rival looked in the same direction, and this it was which led to the purchase at a sum never before heard or dreampt of. The circulation of Ihe Gazette Sat the time of itssalelwas about three thousand. Since 1847 The North Ameriean "has constantly maintained its almost distinct ively commercial character, and has the largest part of its circulation among mer chants, shippers and others of this class. It has always. been notable for the solid ity and dignity of its editorial columns and for the brightness and taste of its lit erary criticisms. Lately its price has been reduced and a more popular and en terprising path entered upon. The re moval to Chestnut street is in this direc tion. Philadelphia Times. MILITAB Y ATTACHES IN EUROPE. THE POSITION A DELICATE j ONI: REPORTS ON ARMS MANUFACTURED -PLENTY TO WRITE ABOUT CELEBRATED REPOTS. A correspondent writes to a London newspaper as follows : "The position of a military attache is a very delicate one in these warlike days. Ufp to the out break of the Crimean war, and for some little time afterward, no military attache could Bave been hard worked af any of the embassies. Toward the close of the long period of peace, which extended from 1815 to the war of the allies against Russia there was but little fighting in Europe, except, indeed, of the revolution ary kind. Such' warfare a military at tache might with reason consider beneath his notice, not only on account of its un official character, But also by reason of the rough and ready manner in- which it must of necessity be conducted. Although revolutionists form their plans before hand, they cannot, as a rule, choose the moment at which they shall put them in action; Their preparations, moreover, in regard to arms and ammunition must, for obvious reasons, be most incomplete. It is possible that in the years 1848 and 1849 some' military attaches may have been, instructed to report ) ion the popular art of Constructing barricades and, above all, on the most approved method of re ducing them by artillery fire, and ultimate ly 'capturing- them by assault. It was not, however, until a few years later, that the invention or general adoption of rifled muskets and revolvers required a certain nhmber of military attaches to report on the arms manufactured according to the system of .Colt and of Minier Since then,: wars have abounded ; and each new war has brought with it a new weapon, or rather, has called attention to a weapon of which the merits were not previously known. In the Crimea the Russians were placed at disadvantage by having only smooth-bore muskets to oppose to. the rifled muskets of the allies. In the war of the French and Italians against the Austrians, the Austrian enooth-bore artil lery had to contend with the rifled artil lery of the French. In the war of Aus tria and Purssia, on the part ofjthe Ger man Confederation against J)enmark, the Prussians, for the first time, used the needle-gnn in actal warfare. , In the Austro-Prussian war of 1866 the Aus trians suffered as the Danes had suffered two years before, from the murderous ef fect of the Prnssian needle gun, though tney on their side, warned by their ex perience at Magenta and Solfenno, had adopted an improved system of artillery. Then the French surpassed the Prussian I needle-gun with the chassepot, only to nnd im 1870, that the Trussians, with the artillery made foi them at Essen by the now world renowned Krupp, had advanc ed beyond them just when, in 1859, they showed that they had advanced beyond the Austrians. . : "The competition in the matter of arms was not and is- not finished Meantime military attaches have during the past fews years had plenty to write about. For those who possessed atrategical in sight and literary skill there have been campaigns to describe and to criticise. Others, of a mechanical turn of mind, may have furnished detailed accounts of the new weapons ; while all must have felt themselves bound to write elaborate reports on the new military systems, which,' since the triumph of the Prussian system in 1870, have been adopted every where in Europe. New modes of recruit ment, new schemes of organization, new arms, and new tactics have been introduc ed in every country important enough to have such an embassy accredited to it as would count a military attache among its members ; and the Government of each of these important countries has, no doubt, speculated from time to time as to what the various military attaches were writing home on the eubject of its military re forms. Just after the commencement of the warlike period, which has now lasted nearly a quarter of a century, General, at that time Captain, Ignatiefc is known to have addressed to his Government at St, Petersburg a report on our Indian Army, and on the English tenure of India gener ally. Not a word of that report has ever found its way into print, "nor has the sub stance of it, nor the general effect, ever been made public. For all that can be E roved to the contrary, the future Am assador of Russia at Constantinople may have written in his report on the Indian Army that it was the best army in the world, and on the English tenure of India that it was the safest possible tenure and the best calculated of all tenurers to en dure forever. All that is known on the subject is that the report was highly ap proved by the Emperor, and that it served the young Ign&tieff as a passport to im portant missions and to high occupations of various kinds. "Another celebrated report from a military attache was the one written by Baron Stoffel, of the French Embassy at Berlin, in the year 1869 a report full of bitter truths, foreshadowing what must happem to France if France, all unpre pared as she was, challenged an enemy who was armed at all points, thoroughly trained, and only waiting for an opportu ty to begin the contest. So erroneous is popular opinion especially on the sub ject of military attaches and their re 1 orts that when France declared war the Berlin public were convinced that the declaration had been made by the advice of Baron Stoffel, who accordingly was hooted, and ran some risk immediately before his capture of being roughly treatedj He was supposed to have writ ten home to his Government that now, when the Prussians were dissatisfied with their musket, and about to modify its con struction in such a manner as to make it equal to the chasseport, wa3 the time to attack them. It was not until the war was virtually at an end that Baron Stof fle's report, fonnd among the papers left at the Tuileries, was printed, when it ap peared that he had written just the con trary of what the worthy Berlinese had imagined. Only a few months ago a not very agreeable story, indeed a very dis creditable one to those concerned, was published by the Austrian papers about certain drawings for the manufacture of the new Uchatius gun having been treach erously sold by an Austrian officer to tho Russian military attache at Vienna. Here were remarkable materials for a re port to the Russian Minister of War, which, we may be sure, will never see the light. Governments whose agents render themselves guilty of such practices as these are the very ones which are most likely to attribute unbecoming conduct to the diplomatists and officers accredit ed to them from abroad." THE STOR1 OF THE SEWING-MACHINE We read in the London Athenaeum, Februarv. 1807. that Mr. J. Stone, of Pa ris, obtained a brevet invention, or pa ent, in February, 1SU4, tor " a macnine for ioininsr the sides of segments of all flexible matters," which, he asserts, "will be Darticularlv serviceable in preparing clothing f or :j the army or navy." It is supposed one man may do as much work with this machine as one hundred persons with the needle. This is the first mention of a sewing-machine. About the vear 1841 'in povertv, hun y w ger, and dirt," 'Elias Howe, a native of Massachusetts. 'surrounded by a young family, for whom he , labored during the day, devoted nis alter nours to tne con struction of a sewing-machine, which he completed and patented in May, 1841. The American public did . not see the merit of the invention ; and poor Howe, after making over one-half of his patent to his friend for the assistance afforded to him, tried his fortunes with his machine in England ; there, however, after attempt- xug w get ms invention appreciated in London without effect, he was constrained to sell his patent, and the machine itself, to Mr. Thomas, of Cheaoside. London, who immediately saw the applicability of the invention to his own manufacture that of stay and corset-making-YThomas paying $1,250 for the right to patent, which made a difference in favor of the inventor of $831.87, that being the sum paid for obtaining the English patent the inventor visiting England, and work ing at Mr. Thomas's expense two years to adapt his mechanism to special purposes. Howe fell into bitter poverty, and re turned to New York, where he found that in, his absenee, his patent rights had been infringed, and his invention pirated by wealthy people, who were determined to fight Howe's right to his own invention in a court of law. The trial which demon strated, in the clearest manner, that Howe invented the first sewing machine. Others it is true, had tried to do what he had ac complished, -but failed. Mr. John FiAhr. of Nottingham, England, for the purpose of ornamenting lace, patented in June, 1845, a year previously to that of Howe's. This machine did, indeed, interlock threads in the same manner as Howe's, by means 01 an eye-pointed needle carrying a loop of thread through the material, which was traversed and fastened on the under side by a shuttle; but here .the similarity be tween the two inventions ended. . The public are familiar with the ma chine, consisting of an iron arm, and an arrangement of parts at its extremity, which almost rivals the human hand in delicacy. Howe's original machine con tains the germ of the numberless patents that have appeared since his was taken out ; consequently, every sewing machine exported pays a royalty to him of one dol lar for that right, and a royalty is also ex acted for home use. The sewing ma chine proper does nothing but plain stitching, but there are several ingenius appliances for hemming, tucking, and binding. At the lowest computation, one sewing machine is fully equal to five hand sewers. In the London l&hlBftion of 1851, only two imperfect sewing-machines were shown ; in 1856, at Pari3, there were fourteen varieties ; and in 1862, at London, about fifty. At this - date, how ever, there were in use in this country 300,000 sewing , machines, of which 75, 000 were in private families. Sewing machines, manufactured and sold as per quarterly returns, made under oath by six manufacturers, for the year ending June, 1867, are stated to have been 170,000. Howe, after his return to New York, prtspered, and the royalty he reaped from home sale and for exhortation amounted to $250,000 a year. Howe died in 1867 ; he acknowledged to have made by his machine a million and a half dollars, which he regarded as fortune enough for one man. His services to society were recognized by the Emperor of the French conferring upon him the Cross of the Le gion of Honor. SIENTIFIC EDUCATIONAND PRO GRESS. Professor Grove has said : 'Little can be achieved in scientific research without an acquaintance with it in youth. You will rarely find an instance of a man who has attained any eminence in science who has not commenced its study at a very early period of life. It is sad to see the number of so-called educated men, who, traveling by railway, voyaging by steam boat, consulting the almanac for the time of sunrise or full moon, have not the most elementary knowledge of a steam engine, a barometer, or a quadrant ; and who will listen with a half -confessed faith to the most idle predictions as to whether or cometic influences, while they are in a state of crass ignorance as to the cause of the trade-winds, or the form of a comet's path. May we hope that the slight illus tration of scentific studies, now happily commenced, will extend till ; it occupies its fair space in the education of the young; and that those who may be able learnedly to discourse on -tfhe Eolic digamma will not be ashamed of knowing the principles of an airpump, an electrical machine, or a telescope,, and will not, as Bacon complained of in his contemporaries, despise such knowledge as something mean and mechanical." : Sir J. Bowring considers the true test of education Jto be its application to the duties of life. The importance of lan guage is seen from the fact that there are twelve thousand millions of the human race. Professor Porson said a street sweeper in Athens knew more of his lan guage than many educated at the Univer sity. This was owing to the system of teaching, which did not lead them to think in the languages which they learn ed. Scientific knowledge is not to be found in the ancient languages. There are more than fifty modern languages not studied; and, if any young man wishes to make moneyl let him study them. When Sir John Bowring was in China, among four hundred million people, there were only six persons through whom he could hold intercourse with the Chinese. The immense progress of knowledge has, in its various fields, all been effected j step by step, now and then a little more suaaen than at otner times ; but, viewing the whole course of improvement, it has been gradual, though moving m an accele rated ratio. iut it is not merely in these orancnes .01 natural knowledge which tend to improvements in economical arts and manufacturers, that science has made great progress. In the study of our own planet and the organic beings with which it is crowded, and in so much of the uni verse as vision, aided by the telescope, has brought within the scope of observa tion, the present centnrv has snrn&ssed any antecedent period of - equal dura tion. ! Sir Charles Lvell remarks that. "In our own times, the rate of progress in the arts and sciences proceeds in a geometri cal ratio as knowledge increases; and when we carry back our retrosnect into the past, we must be prepared to find the signs of retardation augmenting in a like ratio ; so that the progress of a thousand years at a remote period may , correspond to that of a century m modern times, ano: in ages still more remote man . would more and more resemble the brutes in that at tribute which causes one generation exact ly to imitate in all its ways the generation which proceeded it. The extent to which even a considerably advanced state of civ--ilization may become fixed and stereotypy ed for ages, is the wonder of Europeans who travel in the East. One of my friends declared to me, that whenever the natives expressed to him a wish, "that he might live a thousand years," tho idea struck him as by no means extravagant, seemg that it he were doomed to sojourn for ever among them, he could hope to exchange in ten centuries as many ideas, ana to witness as much progress, as he could do at home in a half a century." ENGLAND ON THE EASTERN QUES TION. No doubt the Eastern Question is a net work of difficulties and dangers, affecting very important interests, exciting violent passions, and even when lulled into a state of rest liable to break out again with ruinous activity. The elements of which it is composed explain its character. A northern power, possessing a vast ex tent of territory, and capable of bringing a most formidable array . of forces into the field, presses down to the sonth upon an empire which, though apparently verg ing toward its rum, comprises whole re gions of splendid fertility and the choicest positions for sway and trade. The form er is thought to covet, at the very least, some important portions of its neighbors dominions and seek the accomplishment of its views by an intriguing policy in times of peace, and by downright conquest in times of war. The Porte facilitates its ri val's success by a system of misrule which paralyzes its natural advantages, and corner in aid of strong original causes to produce a spirit of disaffection among the majori ty of its subjects. Russia, on the other hand, is thereby furnished with millions of partisans from within the Turkish Em pire and the energies of an impulsive sym pathy from without. Of late, indeed, she has drifted into a position of which she has availed herself to assume the guise of Europe s champion, and at the same time to drive the Snltan into a single-handed war fraught with chances fatal to his in dependence. Other European powers, for various reasons and in different de grees, see at all times much to alarm them even m the prospect of a rupture between the two parties. They know that the small dark cloud on the horizon may surge into a sweeping tempest, and they must lose o time in determining when and by what means they may have to protect their own particular interests , even to the extremity of war. Of such inducements to hostile action England may be said to have tie lion's share. Whatever consid eration obliges her to rest her sheet anch or on peace, she may be carried into stor my latitudes by resistless forces incidental to a wide expanse of surface on land as well as at sea. Viscount Stratford de Hedeliffe tn the JNxneteenth Century. THE COSSACK CAVALRYMEN. The Cossack cavalrymen are all com paratively young men and haye young wives. Whenever they set out on a cam paign they buy a white scarf or handker chief to take with them. At the close of their period of service they return to their villages and are met by the whole popula tion. Now a wife who has been unfaith ful to her lord kneels down before him in the road puts her face in the dust, and places her husbands foot upon her neck. This is a confession of guilt, and at the same time a prayer for forgivness. If the husband then covers his wife's head with the white scarf, it mean?, that ho forgives her and agrees to forget her fault. If the white handkerchief - ia not produced, the woman returns straight to her father's house without again entering her hus band's dwelling, and ft divorce is pro-, nounced. Jslr. MacUaham, recounts tragical story which a soldier told him on the Danube. A returning Cossack was informed by a malicious neighbor before he reached his home, that his wile had been unfaithful. His comrades-perceived that he had all. of a sudden, taken drink and I dissipation, altho'i-ii 'ie was not ar iui given to these vice . When he readied his pillage, his wife, as he feared, Jcnelt down, and put her face in the dust at his feet. The spectators saw him look at he? as she Ihj in the dust for a long time. Two or three times he put his hand in 'his breast for the white kandkerchief as if he were going to cover the repentant wo man's head two-or three times tne move ment was restrained. Finally, as if driv en by ,a sudden immilse. he dnw Ma sword, and with one stroke severed hei- i .1 0 . r neaa irom her body. The punishment for the crime was two months' imprison ment, while the malicdonfl noiVl.h,. had taken the trouble to inform him be forehand of his wife's miseondrmt. wna sentenced to Siberia for three years. THE FlRST.PJMTnanA nrrvn ItlanottoNieirariA fir.. vitnfh. u ' 1 w .wv vua II C7 dtixens of Chalonlsur-Saooe (a town, by the way. not to be mistaken Tar tfhainna in thA Champagne coantrvV rVa a Km if utae but to hig uncle, Joseph Nicephore wuo migQi as wen be designated as the ( first photographer, since he it was who succeeded first of all in nin. r i the camera. In a Life Nicephore Nepoe. recently dubllshed by Victor Foqu'e, appear" letters which leaves little doubt that in May. 18l:Niepjwda of 1 m-. -vr u up vauiera, 101 q com munication Of that date til Ma hmfkn. L. Inctoses fourhotogrraphst of which he says: The pigeon-house is reversed on the pict ures, the barn, beinc to thn loft in the right. The white mass which W 'per- O WMjBrignionne pigeon-house, and which appears some what confused, is the reflection and the black spot near the ; summit is an opening between the branches of the trees The shadow on the right indicates the roof of the bake-house." This, then, is a descrip tionofthe first camera picture ever taken and it was by reason of NIepce's inability to prevent his impressions from fS? after lapse of time that he turned his atten- "uuw tueuitamenprjiidea process with which he produced - on oriy as one or two snenimnna Y.at , v,Mg DWll among the science treasures of the Hritish fnaann4 fTll m MUUUi. iub name oi jn icephore Niepee is little known in England. And yet this imj, is well known, he came wuairy in xtszit and resided at Kew , 1 the hope to receive aid anri ment, and shortly afterward, on his retorn tp France; entered into ' r v.j Willi Daguerre to work out toA a , - a Muiuic unto Ucal process. .When Daguerre made known his discovery in' 1839. hla Dart.n hH CL dead two years, and no mention was made ofNiepceatthettmeArago made his fam- Of O nAAnU a . t r. io.ouncingtne discovery of the opruiueQa 01 cne wonder ful process were not long in reaching this country and the first pictnre was placed in Faraday's hands with the remark that he had never seen anything like it before. But Faraday said he had. A Frenchman, he remembered, had brought him a picture of Kew Church a dozen years ago, with the quaint remark that "the sun had done it." fouajr won u certain or this that Inquiries were at once IhatitntAri inf thA j . . " " iunbiiert auu in the end a communication was addressed hv tha fiomutactt ti..' T i s . . -wjr w iun JDuyai BOCiety, Mr. Bauer, to the Academie at Paris, a comma nication which helped materially to sub stantiate the claim of thn TVfor and to obtain for the son, Isidore, a pension iu Hcsnowieagement of the father's services. The deed of partnership between Niepee and Daguerre Is still extant, but how much of the latter's published results were due to mo , wunu win never know. iyotere. . MRS. MAR Y BA YARD CLARKE. Mrs, Mary Bayard Clarke, of North rr olina, well known as a writer. U anAnHin the summer with Mrs. Charlotte Smiib. of n amana magazine. The Inland Club- met in lt rnnma rr Friday afternoon at 4 o'clock, Mrs. Char- Kuii,u preuumg ana Miss Harriet L. Dolsen acting as secretary. After the tina. action of enroute business Mrs. Mary Bay ard Clarke, of North Carolina, was present er! 10 uie ladles of the club, and, at the re quest of the president, recited several of her own poems, and added further to the inter, est of the occasion by a bright and vivacious description of southern life. social changes. Mrs. Smith remarirH in efflect thai, in the cordial recognition which xne journalists and literary women of Chica jgo had extended to Mrs. Clarke, who was acknowledged as one of the most influential repraaeniau vea or the southern press, she saw an indication of the more friendly re lations, both In social and business life, which should exist beteen the west and the south. Mrs. Clarke thanked the president and the ladies for their generous welcome, anesaid that the climate of. Chicago was - uujvery tonic neeaea py southern people," an believed that this metropolis and the northwest would be their future favorite summer resort. The ladies then adjourned to the Tremont house for dinnor, where they discussed the Viands which had been prepared for them with as keen an apprecia tion of their, merits as of tha previous liter ary teUy-CMeaffo Times. ; f A philosopher tn embryo Is a little girl who, on being asked If the musquiioes bit, said "Yes,Tut she didn't care so long las they left.; her room to BCTtch."Boston Herald. , - . ' 1 1 It- 1 11