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RALEIGH, N. C, WEDNESDAY, MARCH 11, 1885.
NO. 54.
no paper sent
i. f is V? H i V i tJ-
3
THE LAND OF THIS iFTEBIT ON.
i
An old man sits In his gardep chair, ; j ;
Watching tb sunlit western aky,s, :
What see he In the blue depth there, ;
Where only the Isles of Memory Ue t '. .
There are princely towers and castle Ugh,:
There are gardens fairer than human ken,
There are happy children thronging by,
Radiant women and stately men,
SingiDg with roices of sweet attune'
The songs of the Land of the Afternoon:
The old man watches a form of cloud
That floats where the azure Islands are,
And he sees a homestead gray and loved,
And a hand that beckons him afar. "
O, cheek of roses and hair of gold ! " '
0, eyes of beavenVdlvlnest bluer 1 i
Long hare ye lain in the graveyard mould J'
But love is infinite, lore is true ; ' ' ' ; " ' ''
He will find her--yes, It niust be soon ;
They will meet in the Land of the Afternoon.
The eky has changed, and a wreck of cloud
Is driving athwart its troubled face'; "' '
The golden mist is a trailing shroud ' ' ''
It is cold and bleak in the garden place.. .
The old man smiles and droops hisliead, . '
The thin hair blows from hts wrinkled brow,
The sunset radiance has appeared ' , "( ' . ' , f 4 ,
O'er every wasted feature now J
One sigh exhales like a breath, in June ,
Be has found the Land of the Afternoon, . , .
THE LNAUGUtolO ;;'
THE DAY THE ADDRESS THR !
Tbe Day's Dolntca. . .
It was indeed a monumental inaugura
tion. Washington's own Weather greeted
Washington's latest successor, as well as
the joyousness awakened by the bright
sky and balm y air, ;. , , . t .:
The popular heart has been: (deeply
stirred in respect of what to day has
been effected. The press for weeks past
has reflected the public nindT and every
section of the Union has sent Its witnesses
to the doing of what has Bqw been done,
in numbers never before equalled. Frater
nity and patriotism have been the motives
of the hour. The- North and South have
literally marched together, and factional
spirit is hushed for the day.
President Cleveland has passed admira
bly through hia, severe ordeaL He has
been dignified, kindly and. upon occasion
for utterance, eloquent. His fraterniza
tion with the outgoing President was a
reflex of the feeling of the populace upon
the streets, and Mr. Arthur met him more
than half way in expressions of the same
feeling. !: i . .'.
The cheers that now and then inter-
rupted the clearly read inaugural message
were -not boisterous, but deep and emo
tional. They showed that those near
enough to hear his words understood and
valued the connection so subtly yefplainly ;
estaousnea oetween f resident and ieopIey
and that his exposition of the national
character of the Ami ricau Presidency
went home to hearts big enough to embrace
their whole country. And while he and
the sober-suited citizens were thus estab
lishing a chain of sympathy in idea and
feeling, away back, beyond the green
slopes of the Capitol Park, thousands upon
thousands of ether citizens stood enraaked,
accoutred and armed, able and ready to
give effect to the principles proclaimed in
the address against foreign or domestic
foe. And these thousands represented
every section of the country and every
worthy interest. The sight from the in
augural stand was grand; and beautiful,
surpassable by nothing but the emotions,
awakened by it.
The procession that escorted the new
President to his future home-r-what can be
said of it other than that it! had all the
greatness of things so great in conception
and a few small defects in execution f The
march was along a triumphal way made
glorious by crowds of happy people and
waving flags and streamers, and a noble
sight it was to stand above the gate of the
Treasury and look along the far reaching,'
broad avenue, closed -by the great glisten
ing dome of the Capitol.-' ; -a-
Another hour of elation came to the
President just installed, as he stood to re
ceive the salute of the passing host, which
had been brought together in order that
he mighi start on his new career with all
the marks of confidence and esteem be
stowed upon those who had preceded hinl
along the lofty but difficult path. ' :'."''!
At night, while the central figure of the'
day was seeking some degree 6f quiet,!
how freshly the people who; bad so lately
stood along the pavement of tramped along
the roadway entered intd further zests.'
The skill of the chemist made wondrous,
sights and sounds for them in the heavens,
and the great monument, which . all day
long had been pointing a moral ' directly!
applicable to the days's proceedings served
new uses in measuring te, flights pfock
ets and in throwing into' relief the multi
colored bombs. , Illumination from the
White House to the Capitol, serenades by
military bands, torchlight, parades, glee
singing and the ceaseless surging of crowds
upon the street, turned the usually sedate
cuy into a fantasy.
Then the ballroom spreading out. into
seemingly illimitable space, and converted
by cunningly conceived decorations and
festoons of , flowers into a , palace , that
Aladdin could not have conceived, nor
his mystic agents fashioned 1. The masses
of people, all looking their "best in face
and figure;; the costumes on which taste1
and means have been so lavish. (.The
mazing dancers, the bursts and strains: of
music, the delightful hurry and murmur
ing bustle, the recognitions and surprises,
the overflowing happiness everywhere;, the
new ovation to the hwo sof the day ; the
stately exterior of -th ball -reord ; the da
tering carriages and scurring cabs. Dawn
is approaching before peaceeplaces stren
uous happiness. "
lAIr. Cleveland's Inangiiral.
Fellow-Citizeks: In the presence of
this vast assemblage of my countrymen, I
am about to supplement and seal by the
.oath which I shall take, the manifestation
of the will of a great and free people. In
the exercise of their power and right of
self-government they have committed to
one of their fellow-citizens a supreme and
acrea trust, and he here consecrates him
self to their service."' This impressive cer
emony adds little td the solemn' sense of
responsibility with which I contemplate
the duty I owe to all the people of the
land. Nothing can relieve me from anxiety
lest by ani act of mine their interest. may
suffer andnothing is needed to strengthen
my resolution to engage every faculty and
effort in the promotion of , their welfare.
Amid the din of party strife the people's
choice was made,: bUt iU aUendant car
cumstancea ha vetj demonstrated anew, the
strength andaaety of a government., by
the people, In eich succeeding- year.it
more clearly appears that our Democratic
principle needs no apology, and that in its
fearless and faithful application is to be
found the surest iruarantee of eood trov-
ernmenU But the beat results in the oper
ation of a government wherein every citi
zen has a share largely depend upon a
proper limitation of purely partisan zeal
and effort, and a correct appreciation of
the time when the heat of the partisan
should be merged: in the patriotism of, the
citizen.! To-daj the executive branch of
the eovcrnment is transferred to new kee'-v
ing, but this is still, the government of all
tne people ana it should., be none yialess
an object of their affectionate solicitude.
At this hour the , animosities of political
strife, the bitterness of partisan defeat and
the exultation of, partisan triumph, should
be supplanted by an ungrudging acquies
cence in 'the popular will, and a sober,
conscientious concern for the general weal ;
moreover if, from this hour we cheerfully
and, honestly abandon all sectional preju
dice and distrust, and determine, . with
manly confidence in one another, to work
out narmoniou8ly the achievement of our
national "destiny, we shall deserve to real
ize all the benefits which our happy form
of government can bestow. , , .
' ; THB OOKSTmJTlON THE GUIDE.
On; this auspicious occasion, we may
well: renew the pledge of our devotion to
the constitution, which' launched by the
founders of the republic and consecrated'
dv- tneir prayers and patriotic devotion,
has for almost century borne the hopes '
and i this aspirations of - a great people
through prosperity and peace, and through
the shock of foreign conflicts and the per-
ils of domestic strife and vicissitudes.' By
the father of his country our constitution
was commended for adoption as the result
of a spirit of amity and mutual concession.
In that same spirit it should be adminis
tered, in brder to promote the lasting wel
fare of the country and to secure the full
measure of its priceless benefits to us and
to those who will succeed to the blessings
of bur national life. The large variety of
diverse and competing interests subject to
Federal control, persistently seeking the
recognition of their claims, need give us
no fear that "the greatest good to the
greatest number" will fail to be accom
plished if in the halls of national legisla
tion that spirit of amity and mutual con
cession shall prevail in which the constitution-had
its birth. ' If this involves the
surrender or postponement ol private in
terests and the abandonment of local ad
vantages, compensation will be found in
the assurance that thus the common inter
eat is subserved and the general welfare ad
vanced. In the 'discharge of my official duty I
shall endeavor to be guided by a just and
unstrained construction of the constitu
tion, a carefal observance of the distinc
tion between the powers granted to the
Federal government and those reserved by
tha States or the people, and by a cau
tious appreciation of those functions
which, by the constitution and laws have
been especially assigned to the executive
branch of the government. But he who
takes' the oath to-day to preserve, protect
and defend the constitution of the United
States, only assumes the solemn obliga
tion Which every patriotic citizen, on the
farm, in the work shop, in the busy marts
of trade and everywhere, should share
with him.' The constitution which pre
scribes his oath, my countrymen, is yours;
the government you have chosen him to
administer for a time is yours; the suffrage
which executes the . will of freemen is
yours; the laws and the entire scheme of
our civil rule, from the town meeting to
the State capitols and the national capitol,
is yours. Your every voter, as sure as
your chief magistrate, under the same
high sanction, though in a different
sphele, exercises a public trust. Nor is
this all ; every citizen owes to the country
a vigilant watch and close scrutiny of its
public 'Servants and a fair and reasonable
estimate of their fidelity and usefulness.
Thns is the people's will impressed upon
the whole frame work of our civil polity
municipal, StateTand Federal and this
is the' price of our liberty and the inspira
tion or our faith in the Republic.
' ' BCOJTOHT EST EXPEND rTCKK.
' It is the duty of those serving the peo
ple in public places to closely limit public
expenditures to the actual needs of the
government, economically administered,
because this, bounds tne right ol the gov
ernment, to exact tribute from the earnings
of labor, or the property of , the citizen,
and because, public extravagance begets
extravagance among the" people. ; We
should never be ashamed of the simplicity
and prudential economies which are best
suited to the:, operation of a. Republican,
form of government and are most compat
'i i.P .i . V ... i f
lpie with tne mission., ei toe American
fteopie. i nose wno, are seiectea ior a
imited time to manage public affairs are
still of the people and mav do much by
their examnle to encouracre. consistently
with tne dignity of their official functions
that plain way of life which among their
fellow citizens aids integrity and promotes
thrift ana, prosperity, ,
FOREIGN POLICY.
' The genius of our' institutions, the
needs of dor people in their home life, and
the attention which is demanded for the
settlement and development of the re
sources of our vast territory, dictate the
scrupulous avoidance of any departure
from (hat foreign policy commended by
the history, -the ; traditions and the pros
perity of our republic. It is the policy of
independence favored by our position and
defended by our knowledge of justice and
bv our own power; . It is the policy of
peace suitable to our interests. It is the
policy of neutrality,: the rejection of any
. . - . i i j i . :
snare in ioreign oroiis ana amoiuons upon
other con t(nelBt,'Mnd repelling their intru
sion here. . It is the policy of Monroe and
of Washington and Jefferson. ' Peace,
commerce and honest friendship with all
nations, 'entangling alliances with none."
; , REVENUE REFORM.
A due regard for the interests and pros-
. rm . ji -a
penty.oi an tne people ctemanas mat our
finances shall be established upon such a
sound and sensible basis as shall secure the
confidence of business interests and make
the wage of labor more sure and steady ;
and that oar system of revenue shall be so
adjusted as to relieve the people from an
necessary taxation. , have a due regard to
the interests of capital invested and of
workinsrtnen. employed in American indus-i
tries, and preventing the accumulation of
a surplus in the treasury ; to tempt extrava
gance and waste.- .
. TBI PUBLIC LANDS.
' Care for the property of the nation and
for the needs , of future settlers requires
thai the public domain should be protected
from ptrjtoimng schemes and unlawful oc
cupationS.11"; . ,'. ! 1 :: 0:1
The conscience of,the people demands
that the Indians within our boundaries
shall be fairly .and, honestly treated as
wards of, the government and their edu
cation and cmlizanon protnoted, with a
view to their ultimate citizenship, and
that polygamy in the Territories, destruc
tive of the family relation and offensive to
the moral sense of the civilized world,
shall be repressed. The laws should be
rigidly enforced which prohibit the im
migration of a servile class to compete
with American labor, with no intention of
acquiring citizenship, and bringing with
them and retaining habits and customs re
pugnant to our civilization.
CIVIL SERVICE REFORM.
The people demand reform in the ad
ministration: of the government, and the
application of business principles to pub
lic affairs. As a means to this end civil
service reformjehould be in good faith en
forced. Our citizens have the right to
protection from the incompetency of pub
lie employes who hold their places solely
as the reward., of partisan service, and
from the corrupting influence of those
Who promise, and the vicious methods of
those who expect such rewards; and those
who worthily seek public employment
have the right to insist that merit and
competency shall be recognized instead of
C arty subserviency, or the surrender of
onest political belief.
: .OF AFRICAN DESCENT.
- In the administration of a government
pledged : to do ' equal and exact jus
tice to all men there should be no pre"
text for i anxiety touching" the protection
of-1 tbe-i-: f reed men in their rights or
their security in the employment of their
privileges under the constitution and its.
amendments. All discussion as to their
fitness for the place accorded to them as
American citizens is idle and unprofitable,
except, as its suggestions are necessary for
their improvement. The fact that they
are citizens entitles them to all the rights
due to that relation, and charges them
with all its duties, obligations and respon
sibilities. IH OD OUR TRUST.
I nese topics and the constant and ever
varying wants of an active and enterpris
ing population may well receive the atten
tion and the patriotic endeavor of all who
make and execute the Federal laws. Our
duties are practical and call for industri
ous application, and intelligent perception
of the claims of public office, and, above
all, a firm determination by united action
to secure to all the people of the land the
lull benefits of tne best form of govern
ment ever vouchsafed to man. And let us
not trust to human effort alone, but hum
bly acknowledging the power and goodness
of Almighty God. who orestdes over the
destinies of nations, and who- has at all
times been revealed in our country's histo
ry, let as invoke His aid and His blessing
upon our labors.
. I am now prepared to take the oath
prescribed by law.
The Cabinet.
Secretary of State Thomas F. Bayard,
of Delaware.
Secretary of the Treasury Daniel Man
ning, ol iNew iork.
Secretary of the Interior Lucius Q, C.
Lamar, of Mississippi.
Secretary of War William C. Endicott,
of Massachusetts.
Secretary of the Navy William C. Whit
ney, of New York.
Postmaster General William E. Vilas,
of Wisconsin,
Attorney General Augustus H. Gar
land, of Arkansas.
A record of the public services of these
gentlemen who are to assist Mr. Cleveland
in the arduous duties to which he has been
called will be found in the following
sketches :
THOMAS FRANCIS BAYARD.
Mr. Bayard was born in Wilmington,
Dei., on the 29th of October, 1828. The
Rev. Dr. Hawks, who kept a private
school at Flushing, L. I., had the honor
of educating him. His father, Mr. James
Asbeton Bayard, an eminent lawyer, in
tended him to be a merchant, and placed
him in the store of Mr. S. Morris Wain, of
Philadelphia, where for four years he
worked as clerk. The death of his elder
brother altered his father's plans. He
sent for the young man, installed him in
his office in Delaware and instructed him
in the mysteries of Kent and Biackstone
In 1851 he was admitted to the Bar. His
progress was rapid, and President Pierce
in due course made him United States Dis
trict Attorney.
He was always a Democrat. Delaware
was a slave States hen tbs-war -broke out,
and the leaders of the secession movement
naturally dXpdcted the coperetionef Del
aware. A public meeting. was called at
Dover and the question Was discussed by
li .it.nremM rtt till nurtiAa
Mr: Bayard's influ
t ,, r ------
ence, as well as that of his family, was
strongly against secession. His friends
claim thi
iafc his action kept Delaware in the
Union
Mr. Bayard's public life began after the
war. lie was eiectea to tne united states
Senate on March 4, 1869, succeeding his
father.'; General Grant entered the White
House for his first term on the same .day.
Since that time Mr Bayard has retained
his seat in the Senate. He came to be one
ot the leaders of his party. No man has
ventured to impugn his honesty or .his pa
triotism. ' People say he is a descendant
of the Chevalier Bayard him without fear
and without reproach. Ho now wears the
Senatorial robes which have rested with
distinction upon the shoulders of his great
grandfather, grandfather, uncle and fa
ther.
DANIEL MANNING.
Daniel Mannihg was once an errand boy
in the office of the Albany Atlas, now the
Argu. i He became a compositor, worked
at the case with energy, and ' was promo
ted to foreman. His ambition was not
satisfied with this. He went into journal
ism and was made reporter on the paper
with which . he had been connected from
his childhood. Smart and pushing, he
elbowed his way upward among the shrewd
politicians of Albany. His chief, Mr.
William Cassia y, looked upon him witn
fnvnrt iM'Kii tose rtfnldlv 4tf the estima
tion of Albany after he, had shown a ca-
pacity ior manipulating tne vote oi uis
county .,
In due time, when Mr. Cassidy had been
gathered to his fathers, Mr. Manning suc
ceeded him as president of the Argus
Company, Under his management : the
company prospered. , They secured many
fat contracts for printing and the purse ol
the President grew bulky. But it was as
a political manager that Mr. Manning grew
more iamous. air. iiiuen recognizeu juis
abilities, and in 187Q.be was made a mem
ber of the Democratves State jCommittee.
Their intimate relations have continued to
the present time. It will be remembered
that Mr. Tilden addressed to Mr. Manning
bis famous letter, in which he declined t
be a candidate in 1880. " j!--!iw.
- - lut 1882 Mr, Manning was chosen chair
man-of the; State Committee. .How enea
geticallr he worked for-sMr. Cleveland at
the conventions has been duly chronicled
in these columns. His zeal and his skill
are matters of public knowledge. He cel
ebrated the election of Mr. Cleveland by
contracting a second marriage. He has
been a successful' man,' but his advance
ment was owing entirely, to his , own abili
ty. From nothing he has worked his way
up to a Cabinet position, and he is proud
of the history of his struggle. He is about
fifty-five years of age. -
LUCIUS QUIKTTJ8 CCKTIC8 LAMAR.
As scholar, orator and statesman Sena
tor Lamar is justly honored. He was born
in Georgia in 1825. He was a professor
of mathematics in .Oxford University,
Georgia, and in 1850 began to practice law
in Covington. Going into politics he was
elected to the State Legislature in 1853,
and to Congress in 1857. He was a pro
slavery man and a secessionist and he
fought in the Confederate army. He went
to England and Russia to influence public
feeling in behalf of the Southern States.
He remained steadfast to the ''lost cause
until the surrender of Lee and the impris
onment of Jefferson Davis. He then re
tired to the University of Mississippi,
where he held a professorship.
He sat in the Jr orty-fourth and i arty
fifth Congresses, and was elected by Miss
issippi to the United States Senate in 1876.
His speech on the life of Charles Sumner
is memorable for its eloquence and for its
sentiments.
WILLIAM. C. ENDICOTT.
Mr. .Endicott was. born in Salem, Mass.,
about fifty -eight years ago, and is a direct
descendant of John Endicott, who was the
first Governor of Massachusetts under
the charter from the Crown. His full
name, William Crowninshield Endicott,
indicates his ancestry. William Putnam
Endicott was his father, and his mother
was Mary Crowninshield, daughter of Ja
cob Crowninshield, who was Thomas Jef
ferson's Secretary of the Navy from 1805
to 1809. He is a Harvard graduate of the
class of 1847; he studied at the Harvard
Law School and read . law with the late
Nathaniel J. Lord. About 1850 he was
admitted to the Bar and was the law part
ner of the late J. W. Perry. He married
his cousin, a daughter of George Peabody,
and has one son and one daughter. He
is now one. of the Board of Overseers of
Harvard College, and is a member of the
Massachusetts Historical Society.
In 1847 Mr. Endicott made his appear
ance in public, at the age of twenty-five,
as a member of the Salem Common Coun
cil. After being for three years a member
of that body, he was elected City solicitor,
ana neia tne omce tin isos. tie tnen
practised at the Bar till he was appointed
in 1873 to the bench of the Supreme Court
of his State by Governor William B. Wash
burn, a Republican, where he remained for
ten years, until the state of his health
obliged him to resign.
In politics Mr. Endicott was originally
a Whig, and did not joia the Democrats
until the dissolution of the Whig party.
He, however, possesses the respect and es
teem of both his political friends and op
ponents, on account of both his character
and ability. He was the candidate of the
Democrats last November for Governor of
Massachusetts, and was so thoroughly ac
ceptable to the anti-Blaine Republicans
that many of them who were opposed to
Governor Robinson in the campaign voted
for him. He was always, however, an un
compromising adversary to the Ben Butler
wing of the Democrats.
WILfclAM C WHITNEY.
Mr. William Collins Whitney, of New
iork city, was born in con way, Mass., in
1839. General James 8. Whitney, his
father, was a prominent Massachusetts
Democrat, who was superintendent of the
Springfield arsenal under President
Pierce's administration and Collector of
of the Port of Boston under President
Buchanan: Mr. Whitney was graduated
from Wiluston Seminary, at Easthampton,
Mass., and then, in 1863, from Yale Col
lege, where he was chosen to deliver the
class oration.
Mr. Whitney was next graduated from
the Harvard Law School, and, coming to
New York, entered the office of Judge
ADranam n. lawrence, men engaged in
. l T X . . 1 1 .
private practice. He acquired a large
practice soon after his admission to the
Bar. For several years he was counsel for
some of our largest life insurance com pa
nies and other corporations, lie is a son-
in-law of United States Senator Payne, of
Ohio. His political activity began during
the campaign against the Tweed Ring in
1870 and 1871. when the attention of Mr,
Tilden was attracted to his abilities.
In 1872 Mr. Whitney was the candidate
for District Attorney on the Apollo Hall
ticket, but owing to the Democratic vote
being divided the late Benjamin K. Phelps
waselected to the omce. Mr. Whitney was
one of the principal organizers of the
County Democracy. The first city office
held by Mr. Whitney was that of school
trustee for the Twenty-first ward. On
August 9, 1875, Mayor Wickham appoint-
,T V1 , . . 1 . '
ea mm counsel to me iwrporauon in
place of E. Delafield Smith, removed.
Mr. Whitney was twice re-appointed to
this position, which he resigned in No
vember, 1882, while his term had nearly
two years to run.. Since his resignation
as Corporation Counsel Mr. Whitney has
attended to private law practice and his
personal affairs,
WILLIAM F. VILAS.
Mr. William F. Vilas, as chairman of
the Democratic Convention of 1884, be
came widely known. He comes from the
wilds of Vermont, where he was born in
1840, .. He had sense enough to leave Ver
mont at the age pf eleven, and, settling in
Wisconsin graduated at the State Univer
sity in 1858. He went to the Albany IN.
Y. ) Law School and became a member of
the New York bar.
Going back to Wisconsin he gathered
round him a few clients and built up in
time a good practice. He fought in the
wan and became a colonel of volunteers.
When the fighting was over he resumed
his forensic career.
He persistently declined office, and in
1879 turned a deaf ear to his friends, who
offered him the Governorship of Wiscon
sin. He went to Chicago as a delegate,
and he was made permanent chairman of
the Convention.
He has the reputation of being a smart
lawyer and a shrewd man of business.
AUGUSTUS H. OAKLAND.
Senator Garland is native of Tennes
see. He was born in 1882 and became
lawyer at the age of twenty-one. He went
to Little Rock, Ark., and .gained some
celebrity, ; He followed his State into
secession and was present at the conven
tion which decided upon the ordinance of
separation from the Union. lie was
elected to the Confederate Senate at Rich
mond and remained a ' member until the
end of the wafY' '. . ' ; .,
- j
He helped te reconstruct the State, and
was elected Governor. He came promi
nently before the public by pleading in
an important case before the United States
Supreme Court. It was the test oath
question, in which Southern lawyers were
deeply interested. In 1877 he was elected
to the United States Senate. Mr. David
Davis, who knows a thing or two, says
Mr. Gnrland "knows more law and has
read more law than any man in the South."
Mr. Garland can crack a joke. He is a
good shot and a handy man with a fishing
rod. He is a well read man, and what he
reads he remembers. JV. T. Herald.
SCIENTIFIC EDUCATION.
What It U aad What It Dam.
Popular Science Monthly .1
In many ways and on every hand it can
be shown that scientific education fur
nishes the training that is needed for life in
modern civilization.
Scientific education gives the highest
mental.' training; scientific education
means a training in modern scientific cul
ture. What this culture is, has already
been outlined. It is the product of all
the mental endeavor of the race to which
we belong. , This struggle for improve
ment, this grand endeavor to secure hap
piness through human activities, which
have been defined as the humanities, be
gan in remote antiquity. Where our race
lived in savagery, we know not. All we
know is that at some time and in some
place our ancestors were savages. In
Asia, and in Europe, and in Africa this
struggle was continued. Slowly and
painfully, with many misfortunes and
many reversions, the Aryan race has stead
ily moved forward in the march of culture,
and every branch of the race has contrib
uted its part. Every great artisan and
artist, every great statesman, every great
linguist, every great philosopher, every
great thinker in all that time, has contrib
uted his part; and, more than this, our
race has borrowed from the other races of
the world everything which they could
contribute worthy of our acceptance.
Modern culture, therefore, stands as the
product of all mental endeavor for all
time. It may, then, be safely assumed
that the study of that which has made civ
ilization, and t civilization in its highest
form, and which is the result of all the
training of all the world, must itself fur
nish the best subject matter for training
that human ingenuity can devise.
scientific education is aesthetic trainingi
To purblind ignorance the beauties of the
world are dimly seen, but the glory of the
universe is revealed by science. Classic
poetry was the best literary product of its
time, because it was informed by the phi
losophy of its time. Its philosophy was
chiefly mythology, and the characters of
ancient poetry are mythic heroes and gods.
bo the highest literature of the new civil
ization must be informed by its highest
philosophy; it must be instinct with that
knowledge of the universe which is now
the glory of the scholars of the world.
The splendors of the heavens and the
earth, as known to modern science, have
put in eclipse the dull glories of ancient
mythology.
scientinc education is a training in
mental integrity. All along the history of
culture from savagery to modern civiliza
tion men have imagined what ought to be,
and then have tried to prove it true. This
is the very spirit of metaphysic philoso
phy. When the imagination is not disci
plined by unrelenting facts, it invents
falsehood, and, when error has thus been
invented, the heavens and the earth are
ransacked for its proof. Most of the lit
erature of the past is a vast assemblage of
arguments in support of error. In science
nothing can be permanently accepted but
that which is true, and whatever is accept
ed as true is challenged again and again.
It is an axiom in science that no truth can
be so sacred that it may not be questioned.
When that which has been accepted as
true has the least doubt thrown upon it,
scientific men at once re-examine the sub
ject. No opinion is sacred. "It ought
to be" is never heard in scientific circles.
"It seems to be" and "we think it is" is
the modest language of scientific litera
ture.
In science all apparently conflicting
facts are marshaled, all doubts are weighed,
all sources of error are examined, and the
most refined determination is given with
the '"probable error." A guard is set upon
the bias of enthusiasm, the bias of pre
vious statement, and the bias of hoped-for
discovery, that thay may not lead astray.
So, while scientific research is a training
in observation and reasoning, it is also a
training in integrity.
Scientinc training is an education in
charity. Sympathy for the suffering of
others is at the basis of eleemosynary char
ity, and it has grown with the develop
ment of social interdependence. The char
ity that was born in the family in primitive
times, with the growth of the tribe into
the nation, has developed into national
charitv, and finally, in modern civilization,
it has become the great principle of phi
lanthropy. Now the sufferings of all
mankind touch the hearts of all men. If
a iornado destroys a village, the whole
world tenders alms: if a party of heroes
are starving in the ice-fields of the North,
tneir sunerings Kinaie sympatny in me
.. .. im ? t. ji, . 1 . 1
heart of every civilized man.
But there is a charity unknown to tribal
society, and little known in early civiliza
tion a charity born of knowledge, a char
ity kindled in the hearts of men by sci-
ence. it is cnanty ior men's opinions
philosophic charity. In all the past, he
whose opinions were not in conformity
with current beliefs was held to be de
praved, and hemlock was his portion, or
fagots were used for his purification.
It has at last been discovered that the
world has always been full of error, and
we are beginning to appreciate how man
has struggled through the ages from error
to error toward the truth. We now know
that false opinions are begotten of ignor
ance, and in the light of universal truth
all men are ignorant, and as the scholar
discovers how little of the vast realm of
knowledge he has conquered he grows in
philosophic charity for others. The his
tory ol the world is replete with illustra
tions ta the effect that the greater the ig-
noranceMhe greater the abomination of
unconforming opinion, and the greater
the knowledge the greater chanty for dis
senting opinions.
From the Frying Pan to the Fire.
Minister I learn that a number of the
young men in town nave lormea an anti
swearing society.
One of the Young Men Yes, sir. we
bind ourselves not to make use of a pro
fane word for a year under a severe pen
altv. '
Minister A most praiseworthy idea and
one that I warmly commend. The preva
lence of profanity is truly deplorable. May
I ask what penalty you have established!
vne Ol tne I oung juen i es, sir. me
member who; breaks over is compelled to
set up the dnnks-for the entire crowd.
BDTHEBFOBD8 RAILROAD.
Report From tne Attorney-General.
Raleigh, February 27, 1885.
To the President of the Senate :
Sir: I have the honor to acknowledge
the receipt of a copy of a Resolution adopt
ed by the Senate of North Carolina on the
day of February, 1885, requesting me
to furnish the Senate with an opinion as
to the legal status of that portion of what
was once known as the Wilmington, Char
lotte & Rutherford Railroad, that extends
from the town of Shelby to the town of"
Rutherfordton ; whether this part of said
road belongs to the Carolina Central Rail
road Company or to any other chartered
corporation ; and whether the county of
Rutherford, having subscribed and paid
the sum of one hundred and forty thous
and dollars ($140,000) under the original
charter (as amended) from the State, which
has been subsequently abrogated and
changed, has now any equitable rights
which can be enforced against the State or
any corporation.
The Wilmington, Charlotte & Ruther
ford Railroad Company was incorporated,
and organized by virtue and in pursuance
of chapters 225 and 226 of Laws of North
Carolina enacted by the Legislature of
1854-'55. By the acts of incorporation it
was authorized to construct, equip and op
erate a railroad extendiug from the city of
Wilmington westward to the town of Ruth
erfordton, and had conferred upon it the
usually granted powers to such organiza
tions to condemn lands for rights of way,
to receive subscriptions from individuals
and municipal corporations, and power
was likewise granted to the counties along
the proposed line to subscribe for its stock
and pay therefor in bonds. Further pow
ers and privileges were granted by chapter
67 of Laws of 1856-'57, not material to the
inquiry embraced in the Resolution. By
the provision of chapter 108 of Laws of
1866-'67 the company was authorized to
extend its line to such a point on the Ten
nessee line as its President and Directors
may determine. By section 3, chapter 21
of Laws of 1868-'69 it was directed that
$2,000,000 of the subscription thereby au
thorized to be made by the State to the
capital stock of the company should be ap
plied exclusively to the completion of the
road to Rutherfordton.
Under these acts much work was done
from Wilmington towards Charlotte, and
from the latter point towards Rutherford
ton ; but before the completion of the road
to Rutherford top the company became
financially embarrassed, and the mortgage
which it had theretofore executed to secure
certain bonds issued by it was foreclosed,
and a sale of the road, with all the rights,
powers, franchise, &c.T was directed and
made prior to this time; however, the
county of Rutherford had made a subscrip
tion for the stock and had issued and de
livered her bonds in payment therefor.
At the sale, under the decree of fore
closure, the Carolina Central Railroad
Company, a corporation created by or or
ganized under chapter 75 of Laws of
1872-73, became the purchasers. This
act was evidently passed, and the company
organizea expressly ior tne purpose ol
providing a purchaser for the uncompleted
Wilmington, Charlotte & Rutherford Rail
roaa company, ana supplying tne neces
sary corporate machinery to secure the
completion of the road, at least as far west
as the town of Rutherfordton. It was au
thorized to construct and make or to pur
chase, hold and complete the construction
of a railway from the city of Wilmington
to or near the most eligible point on the
line of division between the States of North
Carolina and Tennessee, or Virginia, or
both of them, and with power to purchase
the Wilmington, Charlotte & Rutherford
Railroad at any sale thereof which may be
made under a judgment of the Superior
Court ot JNew Hanover county in an action
there pending for foreclosure; and in the
event of such purchase, should thenceforth
hold, possess and be entitled to said rail
road extending from Wilmington to Ruth
erfordton, and all its contracts, franchises,
rights, privileges and immunities, and all
estates and property of any description be
longing to the said Wilmington, Charlotte
& Rutherford Kail way Company.
This act was the subject of judicial con
struction by the Supreme Court of North
Carolina in case North Carolina Railroad
Company t. Carolina Central Railway
Company, reported in the 83d vol. North
Carolina Reports 489, and it was there
held that it (the Carolina Central Railroad
Company) could prosecute the unfinished
work as contemplated in like manner and
with the same means as its dissolved pre
decessor.
Under the power thus acquired the Car
olina Central Railway Company completed
the road to the town of Shelbv, in the
county of Cleveland, to which point it is
now being operated.
The property, rights, privileges, pur
chases, &c, of the Carolina Central Rail
way Company were subsequently sold un
der a decree of the Superior Court of New
Hanover county,, and were purchased by
some person or persons who, under the
provision of chapter 131 of Laws of
1 872-'73, assumes the corporate name of
the Carolina Central Railroad Company,
and it is this company that is now in pos
session and operating the road from Wil
mington to Shelby. . .
It is provided in the last above cited act
that the corporation created by, or m con
sequence of such sale and conveyance
shall succeed to all such franchises, rights
and privileges and perform all such duties
as would have been had, or should have
been performed by the first company.
The corporation the Carolina Central
Railroad Company thus deriving its ex
istence and having received a conveyance
from the commission for the sale, under
the direction of the court aforesaid, be
come possessed of all the rights, privileges,
and franchises of the Wilmington, Char
lotte & Rutherford Railroad Company, ex
cept to debts due to the first the Carolina
Central Railway Company and are
charged with the performance of all the
i . - ; j 1 ;
QUlies lmuuwu uuuu nam oruuui vcun a.
Railway Company, except the payment of
its debts.
At the session of the General Assembly
held in 1881 an act was passed (chapter
- -r e AA,i s i:i. .
o Ol .Laws oi iooi;, in wmcu tue organi
zation thus formed was declared to be a
lawfully organized corporation, succeed
ing to ana legally possessed oi an tne
rights, powers, privileges ana irancnises
which were owned and possessed by the
former corporation, the Carolina Central
Railway Company.
I am of opinion upon the foregoing facts
that the Carolina Central Railroad Com
pany is the owner of the partially comple
ted line of road from the town of Shelby
to the town of Rutherfordton, and that it
is invested with all the powers, rights,
franchises, privileges and immunities nec
essary to complete the construction there
of, not only to the town of Rutherfordton,
but to such point on the line between the
States of Tennessee or Virginia as the
Directors may determine.
I have no means of ascertaining the facts
necessary for the basis of an opinion as to
that portion of the resolution in respect to
the "equitable rights" of the county of
rtutuenora --against tne state" or any
corporation, and I do not know of any
method except a judicial or legislative in
quiry by which they may be ascertained.
I am Sir, very respectfully,
Theo. F. Davidson,
Attorney-General. '
THE CASWELL CONTESTED SEAT.
Speech of Mr. Thompson, of Caswell.
Reported for the, Raleigh Register.
In the House on the 1st inst., the reso
lution to seat Morris N. Corbett, Republi
can, in place of Geo. N. Thompson, sit
ting member, was taken up, and. Mr.
Thompson said :
Mb. Spbaseb : I hope the House will
kindly allow me to say a word to explain
the position I have been constrained to'oc-'
cupy as a member of this House.
I have up to this day had a presumptive
and legal right to represent a county that,
long ago, for years and years had for its
representatives men whom all North Caro
lina delighted to honor; having for her
representatives at one time men who were
chosen the presiding officers of the two
branches of the Legislature at one and the
same session. An honor of this distin
guished character was never before and
has not since been conferred on any other
county. The great, noble and revered
Bartlett Yancey presided over the Senate
branch, and the grand old Roman. Romu
lus M. Saunders was Speaker of the
House of Commons. At a later day, when
all North Carolina was aroused by the
great subject of internal improvements;
when the two parties were so evenly bal
anced that neither could win a victory.
Caswell supplied the presiding officer of
the Senate, who rose above a partisan and
became a patriot and gave the casting vote
by which the N. C. R. R. sprang into ex
istence, and that great work will be a last
ing memorial to the honor of Caswell's son.
Still later, Samuel P. HilL bright, spark
ling and popular, was thrice elected Speak-
f . 1. T T .1 1 . -v- .1
ci ui iuc iiuusc, auu uiu uonur to iortn
Carolina as a State and Caswell as a coun
ty. 44 Those wero halcyon days, and may
not come again." Since 1868 what dark
shadows have beclouded this noble old
county! Cary, 44 the archives of gravity;"
Bigelow, ohl the name, and Jim Poej from
all such we humbly pray to be delivered:.
At the last election the Democrats of
Caswell, sometimes discouraged, but al
ways true, went in the canvass determined
to reduce the 400 Republican 'majority and
give Cleveland and Scales a good send-off;
and we did work, and though we did not
get a complete victory, we certainly got be
yond the "woods," and can see a bright
and beautiful horizon beyond. As to my
own election, I was elected by a plu
rality of 190 votes, but the commit
tee on privileges and elections have
ascertained and reported that my con
testant was elected by thirty votes. I
submit, without protest, as they believe
they are right, that they are right. In this
decision they do not declare that the can
vassing board of Caswell did anything
that was culpable, but they have only de
cided that this body has done that which
it alone has a right to do; to correct er
rors made by the judges of the precincts,
and which the opinions, delivered by
Bond, judge, (upon the limits of the pow
ers of judges of elections in correcting
errors in the cases from Halifax county)
declared the canvassing board could not
do. I received the certificate of election
and was duly notified that my seat would
be contested. I immediately consulted as
eminent counsel as there is in the State as
to what I should do as an individual and
as a Democrat, in order to retain the right
to represent Caswell county, and retaiuthe
seat. The advice of that counsel I have
followed in every particular. I certainly
did not desire to retain the seat on a mere
technicality. That technicality could
have been formulated had I been so in
clined. It has not been my fault that the
action of the committee was delayed, or
that the House has had the report dis
placed more than once by other special
orders on the calendar, when this report
was made the special order. As a repre
sentative of Caswell, I have steadily
worked for the welfare of its citizens and
the progress of the State. I have tried to
distinguish between the duty I owed to
my party, and the duty I owed tq my
country. When the Legislature acted po
litically I followed my party; when the
Legislature acted socially, for the good of
the people, I followed my conscience I
bow with great respect to each member of
this House, and shall remember with much
pleasure the uniform regard and respect it
has shown me. There should not come
with our great victory a temptation to ig
nore the conditions of plitical power, We
should forget if possible the prospective
insolence of that party that has been dom
inant for the past twenty-four years. -Our
great victory was obtained because it sig
nified above all other things the cause of
honest government and of administrative
reform. We can afford to be generous;
let us at all times be just.
Mr. Williams explained the facts of the
case. oo many oauois naa been cast ior
George Thompson ; so many for George N..
Thompson; so many for Morris N. Corbett,
and Morris Corbett. The board of can
vassers ascertained that 'Geo. N. Thomp
son had the greatest number of votes, but
the Committee, ascertaining that only one
Thompson and only one Corbett were can
didates, thought that all the ballots should
be counted for these, and thus Corbett
waselected. , , .
Mr. Dula spoke in praise and compli
ment of Mr. Thompson, saying that nu
course in this matter had given great pleas
ure to his party friends, and little less to
his party opponents.
The. resolution was adopted, and Morris
N. Corbett, the representative from Cas
well county, came forward and took the
oath of office. . i-i !:,:.
THB NOBTHA5IPTON CONTEST.
The Facts In the Case.
The Republicans were running tot the
House of Representatives, in Northampton
one Hill, colored, who was very obnox-
ious to many of them. Such damaging
statements were made about Hill that '
few days before the election (Satafrday be
fore the election the next" Tuesday), the
County Executive Committee of the Re
publican party determined to take him off
tne ticaet uu buwuwk wire i. x .
Before this, however, they had printed
their ballots in Raleigh, vrithHni's nam
on them. On said Saturday before the
election they had ballots printed in Wel
don with Rawls' name in place of Hill's.
There was evidence 'to show that the bal
lots printed in Weldon . were changed
otherwise than by substituting the name
of Rawls, viz: that the words "OTthainpf
i ten county were printed in a separate line
per square (one iaeh) for the first and Fifty Cents
for each subsequent publication.
Contracts for advertising for any space or time
may be made at the office of ths
RALEIGH REGISTER,
i
Second Floor of Fisher Building, Fayettevtlle
Street, next to Market Rouse.
j
on the ticket, under the name to be voted
for. This was the evidence of Mr. Gil
bert, Secretary of the Republican State
Executive Committee.' Other strong evi
dence was the fact that the Raleigh ballots
were never produced, although, the con
testants were asked to produce them. It
was shown inj evidence that the words
44 Northampton county" had never been '
printed on the- ballots in that county be
fore, and printed as they were, in a sepa
rate line, gave to the ballots such an unu- .
sval appearance that "one S. G. Newsom,'
a Republican,' as weH as the printer in
Weldon, declared to Rawls, when he was '
in Weldon on the said Saturday -attending
to the printing: of the ballots, that it was a
device, and that no such ballots had ever
been printed i Northampton before,
Rawls insisted that the tickets should be
printed as they were printed, with the
words " Northampton county" on them, .
in a separate line. There was evidence of
the dissatisfaction between the friends of
Hill, who hadf been taken off the ticket,
and the friends of Rawls, who had been
substituted. This taken, with the testi
mony of Gilbert, the fact that the" Raleigh
ballots were not produced, led the com
mittee to find that the words 44 Northamp
ton county " were put tn the tickets with
the intent to distinguish them by their ua
usual appearance, so that voters could tell
the Rawls tickets from the Hill tickets,
if any should attempt to put the latter
in their hands f on the day of election, or
could tell them from the Democratic bal
lots, i
It was the unusual appearance of the
ballot in Northampton county, where it
had never been So printed before, and the
intent with which it was so changed that
caused the decision of the committee to be
as it was. I
If all" the Votes had been counted, New
som's majority in Northampton and Ber
tie counties would have been between:
seven and eight hundred. , ,
HUMAN NATURE
In a North (Carolina Country Borne.
(Lenox to the Raleigh Rboisteb. .
Many years iago it was. my good fortune
to live in ths family . of a good, old-time
Presbyterian, jwho, with his good wife,
lived in the country, and were Presbyteri
ans in the Btribtest sense of the word. He
lived before tihe days of church festivals,
when the minister's, salary , w.as paid di
rectly from the buck:skin purse. The girls ,
then wore ncalt calico dresses, and the boys
homespun trousers to church. Our good
old paterfamilias was the father of several
sons, who, as all boys in those . days living
on a farm, as bur good old friend and his
good wife did, must have some amuse
ments to while away the leisure hours of ft
rainy day, or a winter night, or an hour at 1
noon on a hot bummer day, and procured a
checker-board, It was no unusual thing
to see two of these sons of toil astride a
long bench in the porch, after eating a
hearty dinner with checkepr-bbard between
them, engaged in a game of checkers,
while their father occupied his large arm
chair near 1m with newspaper in hand and
spectacles resting on his nose, reading the
occurrences of the week, (no daily paper
then in North Carolina) both church and '
State.. A deck of cards, would find no
easy' place under his roof, if he knew it,
nor would it require an act of the Legisla
ture o expel the Day's Doings or the Po
lice Qamtte from .his house, and even the
checker-board was looked upon by our
good friend as a step toward the gambling
table. Many? free lectures did he give
hesc sons of toil, and sound the notes of
warning to them as to what the checker
board would; lead, To him it was a finger-board,
pointing to the card-table and
tne aram-snqp. many times uiu ne tnreat
en to consign it to the fire; ' I have often
seen the paper drop on the old man's knees,
and his-eyes. peer over the silver frame
spectacles and rest on the hateful-checkerboard,
while the boys were pitching into
each other, bringing into requisition their
reserved forties, a la Lee and Grant, for a
decisive battle. It often became evident
in the progress of the game that our good
old friend whs hot a disinterested Specta
tor, but hudfhis sympathies enlisted on One
side or the other- At length, as the game
progressed ajid jthe contest became warmer
"and warmei, the old gentleman would
drop his paper and move his chair up close
to the belligerents,1 watch each move, and
when an unlucky move was made and a
weak point exposed, our good old friend
would, give tent to his feelings by an ah 1
as a signal bi danger, but when two or
more men were swooped in at one time he
would signify his approval by a rap on the
floor with his staff, or a clap of his hands.
No longer Was that checker-board in, dan
ger of cremation. '
That good old man is living to-day, in
his eighties and enjoying good health,
while three pf those boys who fought their
battles on the checker-board lost their
lives in th4 Confederate Army, fighting
more bloody battles in defence of the home
of their aged father and boyhood days. '
. ., f i t
. Jjamar'a Absent-BllndedneM.
' i- 'Hew TorkSnh. -.
Wa8HNG!kn, -March 8, A rood story
about Senatjor Lamar has leaked out late
ly. As is well known, the Senator is in a
day dream half his time. ' He Hi the most
courteous qf menj but When he is Wool-
gathering he walks along, . saluting his
, bpst;.,friends .with,.; a stony stare,, , and
answering questions at ranaom. one uay
some time ago, as Mr. Ellis, of Louisiana,'
was sitting tin his committee room at the
Capitol, Mr. , Lamar walked in. He -ap
proached Mr. Ellis, and, seating .himself,
said in his grave and gentle way : .
Ellis, I idon't believe you like the.""'
"No," said Mr. EHifi,-"I dotffc"
, "Why -net?" asked Mr. Lamar.
44 Well," maid Mr,, Ellis, 44 when, I first
came here you led me to believe you were
my mend.
You seemed to take an inter-
n . m
est tn''m
ns new 1 member, ana i leit
honored by your regard. Lately you. have
i hardly fipoken; bo, me, I pass you and you
don't look - at me, .and such conduct has
offended me. , I dislike you very much."
' "But, Ellis," said 'the Senator, "you
know it's my way. ? ! ;i
r-.l don'ttcare,'! saidiMr..Ellia. ,MIt's a
- pa way, j. j(
tTLCW ,1,,'or 1 fellow " said
'Mr! Lamar,
throwing his arm around Mr. Ellis's heck,
"the-next tine- yon see me in that'-
bad. ,, way just come i up nd punch me in
the rib. .JNow, promise me, and let's be
friends.1 ' ' , ' '. .
'"MrrEHrs promised him, and they art
friend' '-f'i ,; !!; ' h '"" :
' ' ' -trttnarkwfnc his Kai
1.
le.
J n a .' t 7 i- . ' itfiiiJ '7
bav v, .'WmloAli,., ... -, ... . ,
: Civil Service Examiner (to colored ap
plicant fof the situatioii if letter carrier)
-State the distance fronvLoidon, Eng
land, to Calcutta, India,- via. the Bum
Pinftl. i . ...'- . . ..
Colored! Applicant Say, .boss, eJT yo'se
gwihe', terj
put "irife 6n idat;route, ,yorWn
disremove; my apptlcashun bfferi de book.