Newspapers / The Weekly Raleigh Register … / Nov. 18, 1885, edition 1 / Page 2
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BALEIOH, N. O. WEDNESDAY NOVEMBER 18. 18S5. "HOW THE THING IS DOSE." Major Powebs, of North Carolina, has been largely figuring of late in the North ern newspapers, as an expert in North Carolina politics and a patriot whose feel ings have been subjected to wounds most desperate." The stories told by him and about him seriously affected the Regis tee's feelings, for it knew of but one Poweks who was a Republican and en titled to be called Major whether he was or was not a Major, he was a good Con federate soldier Ned Powebs, of Fay ctteville, late a member of the North Caro lina Legislature and later an attache of the Internal Revenue Bureau in this city. It is a real relief to the Register to know that its old comrade in Virginia, and its old friend at all times, past, present and to come, is not the hero of the hour. The irian who has met the occasion is altogether another Powers, who hails from Newbern now, to whatever other manner he may have been born ; and as to that the Register is as ignorant as it is of his claims to dis tinction in North Carolina Republican politics. He has been fooling "the boys" at Washington. What he has been saying to them in re gard to troubles in North Carolina is else where printed in full, because a friend in New York encloses it to us with there mark that it should be answered for use there. To the general tenor of the letter it would, if it were all of same character, be unnecessary to say anything in reply. It consists for the most part of assertions as reckless as destitute of truth, and which, unsupported as they aie, admit only of half-langhing, half-indignant de nial. Fortunately, amidst its general allegations of fraud on the ballot box, it undertakes to set forth from the mouth of a North Carolinian how, under the Consti tution and laws, these alleged election frauds are perpetrated. The points thus specified afford the means by which these allegations can be brought to the test. What credit should be given to them can be judged when it is seen how wholly baseless are' those made in that part of the letter here examined, and which is the only part in which these allegations are pretended to be rested on any kind of proof. The paragraph in which this North Car olinian he gives his name as Powers, of Newbern makes his extraordinary state ment is here extracted at length. The statement was intended for a Northern lat itude, and for readers hostile in political sentiment. It is passible it may do harm then where the facts are not known. To Jet the truth be seen, the different asser tions which go to make up the statement are numbered, replied to seriatim, and the authorities for the replies set out. When a man avails himself of the press of the great est city in the country to circulate misstate ments of a circumstantial kind about the people of a whole State, some little partic ularity is justifiable and needful. The extract is as follows: 1. The Constitution provides that the Governor, I believe, or the Legislature, shall choose the Commissioners of the several counties. 2. As soon as they are chosen by the Chief Executive they meet on the first Monday in August and choose Auditors for the several counties? These Auditors levy taxes and perform the same functions that County Auditors do through the North. 3. The magistrates throughout th"c State, or Justices of the Peace, as they are com monly called, are appointed by the same power that selects the County Commis sioners. 4. The magistrates choose the Elertinn Boards; so, you see. that the Governor controls all the machinery of the elections. .,5. Although our laws provide for thci selection of Republicans upon Election Boards, sucli Republicans as are of no benefit to the party are always selected. Cr'The majority of each Election Board are indirectly appointed by the Governor upon the recommendation of the Demo cratic Central Committee. 7. The whole ballot-box machinery and everything that pertains tofthe election is therefore in the direct eontrol of the De mocracy. 1. Neither the Governor nor the Legis lature has power to choose County Com missioners. They are elected by the mag istrates of the county. Code, sec. 1710. 2. No such officers as "Auditors for the several counties" are knowu to our Con stitution and Laws; of course, therefore, they do not meet at that or any other time, and of course do not levy taxes. The powers of taxation are vested in the Legis lature, (Cons., Art. 5), and for county purposes, in the County Commissioners, under a constitutional limit. Art. 5, sec. 6. The taxation being ml valorem, operates on all alike. 3. Justices of the Peace are appointed by the Legislature. Art. 18, sec. 2; Code, chap. 22, sec. 819. Commissioners, as has been seen, are elected by the Justices of the Peace. Justices, therefore, are not appointed by the game power that elects the Commissioners. 4. The judges of elections are appoint ed by the Commissioners Code, section 2678 and may be appointed from the body of the citizens of the county. These judges four in number, two from each political party appoint one of their mim- ,.v, ujtcciug m me uoara oi County Canvassers, with the returns. The several persons thus appointed from each election precinct when met together constitute the Board of County Canvas sers. Code, 2000, 2691. The magistrates have nothing to do with the uppofntment of the Canvassing Board, and the Gov ernor has no control in an way whatever over this or any other part of the machin ery of elections. 5. The meaning of this is not clear. The law requires at each election pre cinct the appointment of two Republi cans competent to act as judges, and it is certain such appointments arc made. In deed, there is no pretence of a denial. Why it is that they --are of no benefit to tli. i. . ..... or vi an that has to do with the hgnl duties they are appointed to per form, is not explained. C It i,n. becu showu that the Governor has no power to appoint the Returning Board. The fiction that he moulds the Returning Board jyseording to the recom mendations of the Democratic Central Committee vanishes away. 7. This is a sort of summary of all that had been before said ; and as all the for mer assertions have been shown to be without foundation, it is needless to say anything further as to this. This man ought to learn some little about the institutions of his own State and their workings before he undertakes to talk of them. A State ought not to suffeTiijy tbeugnorant and perhaps ma licious inventions of one of its own citi zens. RAILROAD IXDTANS. The ticket "scalper" is a person who sells railroad tickets below the price at which they can be purchased of the rail roads through the regular channels. For a long time, the business was insignificant and rather disreputable, the holder of a scalped ticket feeling somewhat ashamed to look a conductor in the face when he held out the ticket called for. But eight years ago the scalpers, feeling their capac ity and imnortance. and aware of their j i , common opportunity, formed an associa tion, and its last convention was held in May at St. Louis. It is learned from the annual report of its President that the name of the association's patrons is legion, and that it is "regarded by a very large majority of railroad men as the channel through which they desire to operate," and is. in fact, "becoming the confidential agent and auxiliary of the best railroad companies in existence." The President is candid enough to explain that this is due to the fact that the members of the associ ation are "not hampered by rigid rules and regulations, and the strict adherence to tariff rates that the regular salaried em ployes of the railroads are compelled to live up to." And when we learn that the sales of tickets by these guerrillas during 1884 amounted to $24,187,650, it is at once apparent that they have become quite as important as they would have it under stood that they are. Twenty-four millions is a very important proportion of the gross passenger traffic of the railroads affected, and that such an amount should be subject to the rapacity of the scalpers, who have no legitimate relation to a single dollar of the business, shows how immoral and vitiated the Northern business svslem has become. The Register has heard that the ticket scalper is the open foe and the quiet next friend of the Northern and Western Rail road man. That is to say, every now and then, when the officials are hird up, apas-scnger-ratc wtr between the great roads is inaugurated, and the scalpers, acting as brokers for the warring factions, buy blocks of tickets low, to sell high when the war comes to an end. 'Peace isdeclaied when the officials have placed enough of these blocks to meet their annual house hold or outside-the-house bills. THE SOUTHERN MUGWUMP. Even in the South there are occasional indications that what is miscalled civil ser vice reform is taking hold upon men's minds. It is not impossible that the mug wump notion may get lodgment, and peo ple begin to believe here that there are "indispensable men," whose removal from office or from the world would stop the wheels of legislation or put a period to the progress of time. It is a taking notion. The college boy almost always believes, leastwise it was his belief thirty years ago, that the graduating class is a necessity to the college, and that its disappearance will wind up the college at least. The belief lasts until the beginning of the session succeeding Commencement. It has not infrequently happened that the so called indispensable man has been cut down in the fullness of his usefulness. Cesar, was a valuable citizen who perish ed suddenly; yet the world moved on, and yet "do move." Napoleon was thought even more indispensable than Cesar; he too died, and the world swaggers down the corridors of time just the same. The death of Oliver Cromwell made no change in the world's way of measuring time by years and centuries. Lincoln died; but the Republic lives. These arc a few ex amples tending to show that the indispen sable man is a myth, and they may serve to encourage the useful belief that when a gentleman possesses himself of the no tion that people can't get on without him in some position of responsibility, there should be a general movement to relieve him at once. New men must be educated to take the places of superior beings of this sort, and the sooner school takes in the better. TAX COLLECTIONS. The Register received through the mails yesterday a communication signed "Justice" in regard to a tax-collecting law passed at the late session of the General Assembly. "Justice" docs not like the law, though after long consideration it passed both Houses of the Legislature without a dissenting voice. He -or she Justice figures on Wake Court -House in a frock of scant pattern states objections to the law which are altogether worthy of being shown to be without foundation, as the ReI8TER thinks they can be; and his or her communication would have been printed to-day, but the Register is now adays worked nigh unto death, and there was no opportunity yesterday to see the puunc othcer who, it is alleged, fails to "comply with the plain provisions" of the law, making the law even more objection able than of itself it is. The Reg ibter cannot consent to print au imputa tion of this sort this week and correct it next week, too late to remedy the harm done. Justice will understand thorioiatr ; j the Register thinks; tor Justice seems to know the Register well enough to know that the lack of a name signed to his let ter does not amount to " a row of pins" with it. Who says a thing docs not mat ter jith the Kkoistkr ; what is said some- (.lilies uuueerus it. Farm Lands Wanted In Wake. Messrs. Coke & Williamson, Real Estate agents of this city, inform us that they have almostjUily application for the pur chase oMarm lands within two to four miles of Raleigh. Persons within the neighborhood of the city would do well to call on these gentlemen. EDUCATION AIj AND RELIGIOUS Interests of the Colored People of the South. The North Carolina State Teachers' As sociation (colored J "was in session in tms citv last week. The teachers listened mth. J ... . . . 1 . 1 C.MAS very great interest to tne remarks i oup intendent Finger, and at theie request he will write them oat lor puDiicauon id ju" in the Minutes of the Assembly." -.Mean time, the gist oi wnat ne saia may uc gathered from the Register's report, talks well and wisely. rle There are two leading lines of, thought, said Major Finger, relative to the educa tional and religious interests of the colored people of the South : 1. That separating them from the whites in schools and churches is wrong in prin ciple, and, therefore, should not be done. 2. That they will be developed more rapidly in separate schools and churches, and that, for this reason as well as for other reasons, this separation should be adhered to as the right policy and as right in principle. Some missionary associations act upon the first of these ideas, and claim that no help should be given to schools or churches in the South unless upon the principle of opening the doors to both races. They, however, generally avow that, under the present relationship between the races in the South, it is not wise that this mixing of the races should take place. But still they have a theory which must not be de parted from, although it may not be expe dient under the present conditions of soci ety to put the theory into practice. Judging them by their words, and their acts also, they believe it to be wrong a sin to open a school for the colored peo ple and not at the same time allow the white people to patronize it; also, that it is wrong to open a school for the white people and not allow the colored people to attend it. Likewise, they hold the same belief in reference to churches They be lieve in the promiscuous mixing of the races in the churches, or at least that no prohibition be made against it, and in many cases this course is urgently advised. The result of this teaching has been a continual clashing between the races, and it has threatened to break down the public schools of the South. In some sections of the South, strong efforts have been made to establish mixed congregations for public worship, and the colored people have been invited and even urged to join the white congregations, but they almost invariably refuse to do it as long as there is a colored congregation in the neighborhood. The colored people, I think, really pre fer to have their schools and their churches separate rom those of the whites, and to have teachers and preachers of their own color. So, too, the whites, both South and North, as a rule, prefer to have their schools and churches separate from those of the colored people, especially where the colored people are found in any consider able numbers. This disposition on the part of the races to separate from each other is explained by those persons who advocate mixing them in the schools and churches by saying that at the bottom of the whole matter is race prejudice. Those who advocate the other policy that of separation of the races in schools and churches claim that this separation is natural, and that it proceeds upon legiti mate social instincts, and not upon race prejudice. Whatever may be the correct explanation of the matter, I think there is, as above stated, a mutual desire on the part of both races that the policy of sepa ration in schools and churches be adhered to, and that the laws should recognize it and enforce it as to public schools. I have found but few colored people who are not in favor of this policy. The most intelligent of the colored peo ple know that the policy of mixed schools would inevitably break down the whole public school system of the South, and so deprive them of the educational opportu nities which they now have at public ex pense. They know, too, that a policy of mixed schools means that white teachers and not colored teachers would be em ployed if such a policy could be adopted without breaking down the schools en tirely. They know, too, that a policy of mixed congregations for public worship means white ministers and not colored ones, if such a policy could be adopted without materially lessening the attendance upon public worship, and so doing great damage to the religious interests of the country. The most intelligent colored people know that any attempt that may be made to force this admixture of races in the schools or in the churches only tends to bad feeling and j , l i . . . , . . . , , .' ! bad results to their race. If the colored people are to make progress, they must be, as far as possible and practicable, thrown upon their own efforts educationally and religiously, as well as in a material point of view. They know that the same prin ciple applies to them educationally, re ligiously aud materially, as applies to growth in the whole animal and vegetable economy effort and exercise. They know that their race can never be made to stand alone, and be made good citizens and com petent to take care of themselves unless a policy is pursued which will, in a large measure, throw them upon their own re sources and efforts; and they know that the policy of mixed schools and mixed churches tends to take away the occupa pation of their teachers and preachers and continue their dependence upon the whites. I know not what is to be the effect of all this effort on the part of the colored peo ple, and of their white friends, to elevate the colored race and make good citizens out of them; but one thing I do know that the colored people numbering only one in about eight of the population of this country, poor aa they are, and backward as they are in education, and in every other particular, can never be elevated to the standard of good citizenship unless the white people guide them, and help them, and at the same time induce them to help themselves by putting forth all the powers with which God has endowed them. Sepa rate schools and separate churches are in centives to them to help themselves and to put forth all possible, educational and religious-efforts. There may btr mixed schools and mixed congregations for pub lic worship, over which colored teachers and colored preachers preside, but, if so, I do not know where they are. So the very effort now so ardently made by some philanthropists to mix the raceajn schools ,and churches tends to take away the occu pation of most, if not all colored teachers and preachers, and so to take away that self-reliance which seems so necessary to their progress. I do not mean to say that the colored people are far enough advanced, educa tionally, morally, or religiously, to stand alone, and to make further progress in these particulars without the assistance and guidance of the whites. Indeed I am free to say that I do not believe they are; and I do beUcve further that if all assist ance by the whites, and all contact with them were withdrawn, the colored people, in the aggregate, would go backward in stead of forward. The whites owning, as they do, almost all the property, being so largely in the majority as to numbers, and being so much further advanced in educa tion and in every other wav. are the natnr- ! al guides to the colored people to the colored Deoole. So-natur al is this guidance that in almost all mat ters we see the colored people trying to imitate their white neighbors. I conceive that it is the duty of the whites not-only to set' good examples to the colored people to lie imitated, but also to instruct those who are to teach and those who arc to preach teach the teachers and preachers in every practicable way so that thy, thus strength enencd by the example and the precepts of the whites, may go forth and tench their race. I do not mean to say that the col ored people ought not to employ white teachers and ministers, but I do mean to say that, if colored people will ; qualify themselves for these responsible positions they ought to be employed ; proper qualifi cations In intelligence and character most, however, be insisted upon. ; V M This is, I think, the natural order, now j I; know not 4 what v itsmay develop. tThe stronger should help the weaker. But just as a child when being taught to walk does not learn to walk, no matter how much its mother may help it, until it puts forth its own powers and tries to help it self; just so must the colored people, weak as they are, be led by the whites, but, in such7 way as to cause them to try cause them -to call into full exercise all their powers. These powers will be developed much more rapidly, in my judgment, by separate schools and separate churches. To say the least of it, this separation will call forth a greater effort on the part of the colored people than would be ex ercised by them if the schools and churches, having a mixed membership, were presided over by white teachers and white preach ers, which would inevitably be the case. So we conclude, (1), that neither race wants mixed schools and mixed churches, and, (2), that such a policy would now be against the interests of both races educa tionally, morally -and religiously, and (3), that most intelligent colored people, as well as whites, agree that separation in these particulars is now the correct policy. Now and then, however, we find a few colored men of intelligence following the ideas of the class of Northern philanthro pists who are unable to appreciate the real situation in the South. Such men are always trying to make trouble between the races and putting themselves out or place, and it is only by sad experience that they learn after awhile that they have the re spect and confidence of neither the whites nor their own race. They will learn this more and more as time rolls along. There is a point beyond which the waves of the tempestuous sea never come, and, so too, will the American people say that there is a point beyond which they will not allow this race agitation to go. Polit ical relations are one thing and social re lations arc another. The first are regula ted by law and the second by individual likes and dislikes. s The American people have been unusu ally kind to the colored people, and they ought to appreciate this kindness and be contented, recognizing that they already have every political right the whites have. No white man can force himself into so cial relations with another white man; neither can a colored man force himself into social relations with another colored man in both cases, social relations can only come when both parties are agreed that such relations are desirable. Neither can a white man force himself into asso ciations with a colored man any more than a colored man can force himself into asso ciations with a white man. There are many things that neither can be nor ought to be regulated by law. People's likes and dislikes, and such customs as indicate good breeding, must and ought to regu late many things that pertain to our deal ings and associations with each other. Law is to protect people in reference to life, liberty and property; beyond that it need not go and should not go. All else should be regulated by people's likes and dislikes, and by their progress in gentility and refinement. For instance, we need no law to compel persons meetiug on the side-walk each to give part of the walk to the other, because the very lowest ideas of refinement would cause that to be done. Any one who would not do this would very soon be marked by the community in which he lives and he would in many ways be taught that hisown interests demanded that he should be respectful to his fellow I beings, for instance again: A company of persons go to the depot, not for the purpose of taking a trip on the. train, but to see a few friends off on a journey. All crowd into the coach and seat themselves and remain seated until the train is ready to move off, to the exclusion of other per sons who arc to be passengers on the same train; then they vacate their scats and leave the coach. Such bad manucrs and want of respect for the comfort of others are marked by the good people who wit ness them and they condemn them, to the damage in some way of the offenders. Iu the progressive civilization of this age more and more respect is continually de manded for the comfort and welfare of not only our neighbors and friends, but also of all persons with whom we come in contact; and the man or the woman who fails to recognize this salient fact in his intercourse with his fellowmen will in some way be made to suffer for his failure t . , r , . , I therefore commend to you ta teach your pupils to exercise good manners in the presence of everybody they meet. But why do I thus speak to a body of teachers? Why do I talk to them against mixing the races in schools and churches? Why do I talk to them about good man ners? I do so chiefly because of the very great influence that you have or ought to have over your race in shaping their des tiny. The teachers in the schools and the ministers in the churches necessarily mould the character of the rising generation. You occupy a vantage-ground far above the masses of your people. I would that you could all appreciate these facts, and that you could have correct ideas on all these questions that so much affect the happiness and prosperity of both races. I would that you might have a full appre ciation of your influence upon the children of your race, and correct ideas about the great questions of the day ; but I would also bave you have correct ideas about indus trial life and about the kind of home life that is necessary in order to enable your race to elevate itself in good living and good morals. As you go around among the patrons of your school you find most of them living in very small and uncomfortable houses, many of them containing but one room in which are crowded together the father and mother, brothers and sisters. You say that this is a very unfavorable con dition of life for the development of good morals, but that owing to the poverty of your people they are forced to this kind of life. This may be so in some cases, but in most cases they could do better if they would work and save their money, and make their children work. There are three great deficiencies among the colored people. (1) . They are, speaking generally, of course there are exceptions,--improvident they 6pcnd their earnings day by day as they receive them and do not try to im prove their houses and home life, nor do they try to save anything for their com fort in sickness and old age. (2) . They do not train their children to labor. They seem to think that education is a cure for all evils, and that labor is a thing to be avoided if possible. (3) . Too little attention is given to moral training. j The colored people in this country can, by going back only a few generations, trace themselves to their ancestry in Africa, and that ancestry was of the most barba rous kiud. All their worship was a wor ship of fear, and that kind of religion al ways makes its subjects cruel. In conse quence of these facts the colored people have inherited tendencies,n many cases not yet overcome, and hence the great impor tance of a strong effort at moral training. I do not refer to these things by way of reproach or for the purpose of wounding your feelings, but in the utmost kindness, and solely for the purpose of showing you that, as so many of the children have these hereditary tendencies, the work to be done for the elevation of your race is greater than it would be under more favorable cir cumstances and tendencies. One of the great mistakes most Northern teachers made when they came South and took charge of colored schools was not to take note oi these hereditary tendencies, ana the result was that in many cases the moral development of the colored pupils did not keep face with their intellectual develop ment. I apprehend that the same result will now be shown by most of the efforts made in the public schools. If. this is so, our public education is at fault and the teachers are largely to blame for it. Another reason why there is so great a burden upon the teachers of the colored people, in the line of moral training, is be cause so many of the colored children get such poor training at home. ; As above stated, the home lift of the col ored people is in many cases perhaps, taking a broad view, in most cases very unfavorable to moral development. Be sides the crowding of whole families into small houses, very often containing only one room a condition most unfavorable to the development of morality and virtue besides this, in a great many cases the children are allowed to grow up in idle ness because of an erroneous idea about the dignity of honest labor, and because the parents do not want their children to work for the white people. Idleness is the mother of vice. There could be no greater fallacy than a philosophy which would attempt to make moral and virtuous citi zens out of children brought up in idleness. It is an impossibility, whether applied to the white or to the colored children. Idle ness is against all natural as well as divine law. God said to fallen man in the Gar den of Eden, "In the sweat, of thy face thou shalt eat bread." This is the law now, and it will be as long as time shall last. Idle brains and idle hands arc the devil's most potent agencies for thwarting God s plans for the redemption or man kind. Now, I desire to impress upon the teach ers the fact that they are character-builders: children arc imitative, and they will imitate your manners and your morals. Quick are they to see your faults, and quick to imitate them. Tenchers, there fore, ought to be the purest, strongest, noblest and most angelic of human beings. .1 They have more influence over the children who attend their schools than their minis ters and perhaps than all other persons. The future destiny of your race is there fore to a very large extent placed in your hands. "" In addition to the most careful moral and intellectual training of the children upon the first of which you should bestow your greatest labor it will also be in the line of your duty to use your influence to eorrect all the errors of your people to which I have referred. Your people must be taught to have proper relations in their home lives: to have a higher appreci ation of the comforts of life; to appreciate the importance of saving their means and securing homes of their own and beautify ing them ; to regard labor as the natural condition .of all mankind ; to insist that the children be taught and compelled to la bor, and to cultivate all the virtues of life i and shun all the vices. It will take all the combined influence of all good people, white and colored, to properly train the colored children now growing up among us so as to make them industrious and worthy citizens. Therefore I enjoin it upon you teachers to study your responsibility ; get all the in formation you can, not only on school sub jects but on all subjects; equip yourselves more and more thoroughly by reading and keeping up with the current events of the day, 60 that you may successfully perform the great work which lies before you and which I have briefly outlined as necessary to be done. THE NEW BAPTIST CHARITY. The Orphanage at Thomaaville. Blblieal Recorder. The Baptists of North Carolina have every reason to be proud of their Orphan age. The land is well adapted to cultiva tion and Bro. E. Frost, a leading farmer of the Piedmont section, says the soil is admirably suited to the production of to bacco, rye, wheat, and corn.' It is well watered and timbered. Near the Orphan age are four springs and on one of the tracts of land is a well, all good water. The John Mitchell building is about completed. The school room has been furnished with ten patent desks and ten iron bed steads have been ordered for the domitory, also furniture for the teacher's room. As was 6tatcd some time ago, the building is of brick 24x90 feet, one story, covered with fire-proof roofing. It is to be occupied by girls. The John Watson building, for boys, is nearing completion. The dining hall, con sisting of cook room, room for servant, pantry, and eating apartment, for the Wat son building is now being erected. There is to be a dining hall for each building built of brick, 16xG0 feet, one story. Other buildings are soon to be erected. Up to this time more than $6,000 has been paid out on buildings and land. Nearly $7,000 has been contributed and paid in to the manager for various purposes. $1,500 is yet due on land. The visiting committee authorized the Superintendent, Bro. Mills, to receive orphans; also, as soon as the funds in hands would justify, to erect a hospital at a cost of $1,200 and a chapel to cost $1,000. By invitation of the President of Thom asville Female College, Prof. J. N. Stal lings, the visiting committee took tea at the College. The attendance at this de servedly popular institution is larger than usual. The building is beautifully located and well arranged for school pur poses. It is a cause of congratulation that, as Baptists, we have so many good schools for higher education in the State. CORPORATION SOULS AFTER ALL, How Women may be dead-headed. Honesdale, Pa., Nov. 13.- -A few days ago a neatly- dressed, fresh-looking wo man, about 30 years of age, applied to Harry Foster, the Erie ticket agent in this place, for information as to the lowest rate of fare for herself and family to War ren, Pa. "How many persons? " asked the agent. "Myself and my eleven children," she said. As soon as agent Foster could catch his breath, he exclaimed: "Eleven children! Great Scott, madam! Not all yours? " "Certainly, sir," replied the woman, ev idently surprised at the agent's question and manner. "Whose would they be if not mine?" "In the name of goodness, then, how old are they?" asked the agent, mopping the perspiration from his forehead. "Well, sir," said the woman, after a short mental calculation, " three of them are 9, three of them are 7, two of them are 5, and three of them are 3 years old." Agent Foster dropped into a chair as though some one had hit him with a club. "Madam," said he, "you deserve to have a pass for twelve. Come in again in a few days, and I'll see what can be done."' The agent in the mean time ascertained that the woman's name was Cullen. She lived at Gale's Tannery, six miles from Honesdale. Her husband is a laboring man, and about three years ago went to Warren to work, and had a short time ago sent for his wife and children. The couple had been married ten years. Mrs. Cullen's statement as to the number and age of her children was substantiated by neighbors. She had presented her husband with eleven children at four births. Agent Foster wrote to General Passen ger Agent John N. Abbott, and gave him a statement of the case. The tickets came. THE PEN OF COMMODORE MIUBY, His Writing on Physical Ceography. Speaking of the preparation of his well known and popular workjon this subject, the anthor says it was .the. joint .labor; of his wife, daughters, and himself, and con stituted one of their chief source of home recreation during their residence in Eng land. The best sources of information were there kindly and freely opened to him ; and, it is easy to believe, that such rare opportunities, combined, as he says, with the knowledge and experience ac quired during his superintendency of the Washington Observatory, made the under taking as congenial and as charming as labors of love always are. The work here alluded to was the last performedsbyvthe lamented author, and it was completedDnta brief time before the fatal illness that deprived science of one of her brightest lights anablest pioneers. What was then written hasligen a con stant source of interest and education to tens of thousands in school and cottage throughout the world. " The following introduction is an exam ple of the easy and admirable way in which the famous geographer takes hold of a great subject: "Physical geography invites you to con sider the terrestrial machinery which makes day and night, seed-time and harvest; which lifts the vapor from the sea, forms clouds, and waters the earth; which clothes it with verdure and cheers it with warmth, or covers it with snow. It is the agents of physical geography that cause the wonderful circulation of the water's of the sea, that diversify the surface of the earth with hills and valleys, and embellish the landscape with rivers and lakes. Physi cal geography views the surface of the earth and its enveloping atmosphere and w aters as Che scene of the operations of the great physical forces, and studies the ter restrial developments of these forces in connection with man's agency in control ling and utilizing their results. It studies the life of the globe whether on its surface or within its waters. It is especially in terested in the earth as the abode of man. Observing in careful detail the various features and agencies of our planet, it j considers them as parts of a magnificent I machine, by whose operations, tinder the , guidance of the Great Designer, this plan i et is made a dwelling place fit for man." Again, notice how our author intro , duces the systems of COrKRNICUS AND GALILEO. "Until the time of Copernicus the earth I had, for ages, been considered as the cen ! tre of the universe, and the sun, moon and ' stars, as shining lights set in the heavens, ' to rule the day, govern at night, and to I decorate. the skies as the flowers of the I fields do the surface of the earth. That j philosopher established by a long scries of j observations the truth of the theory of the ' solar system which had been held by some ! of the ancient Pythagoreans. His system found few believers in his own age. It was not till Galileo, nearly a century later, invented the telescope, that the scales dropped from the eyes of the world, and man's vision was so strengthened, that he saw the infinity of space and comprehended that the earth is an atom and the stars worlds," Another of the most interesting passages to be found in this work tells us of the narrow LIMITS OF ANIMAL LIFE. the equator we may, bv "Even at the equator we may, bv as cendiug a high mountain, reach the region of eternal winter. Hence we live on the outside of a shell that has the most intense heat below and the mast bitter cold above; and so thin, vertically, is the space allotted to man that the distance which he may travel in ten minutes on a railway would, if accomplished vertically, bring him where no living thing can exist. The snow line at the equator is three miles above the sea. As you go thence to the north or south, with some local exceptions, it gradually approaches the surface. Its height is influ enced by the height and extent of the sur rounding plains. Thus you observe that, were there no other conditions in the way, mere temperature would confine animal existence near the surface of the earth, ex treme cold preventing it from going be yond a certain height, and extreme heat beyond a certain depth. The vertical limits of organic existence are, however, more restricted than these boundaries would indicate." the range ok man's pursuits and 1IIS ! habitation. I " Naturally so far as man is concerned, ! his industrial pursuits confine him to aver I tical range between the summer pasture of Larsa, in Central Asia, and the bottom of salt mines in Prussia, which includes a vertical range of 3J miles. His permanent dwelling-places are still more limited in the vertical range, being only 3J miles. The lowest places where men have estab lished their dwelling-places are in the val ley of the Dead Sea. 1,300 feet Iteloic, and the highest at the Convent of Hanle, in Asia, which is 10,513 feet above the sea. Man, therefore, as fongv as he tarries on this earth, has bounds set for him. They do not exceed 197 millions of square miles horizontally, nor 3J linear miles vertically. From the bottom of tho deepest part of the sea to the top of the highest mountain the distance in vertical measurement does not exceed 15 miles." The pen of our ready writer runs as fol lows upon the crust of the earth and the multiform pages of its remote history: ..." LESSONS TAUGHT BY GEOLOGY. " Geological investigations show that, since the earth was established in its pres ent form and orbit, countless ages have elapsed, and that, in the interim, the sur face and indeed the whole earth has un dergone many and mighty changes. .Much of -what is now land has been once and again sea, and we may believe that much of what is now sea has repeatedly emerged as dryland. Various successions of plants and animals have flourished and been over whelmed, while, from the simplest begin ning, life has constantly, through all these changes, advanced" toward higher forms and a more profuse variety. Different cli mates have succeeded one another, glacial ice has grated over surfaces once warmed with tropical heat, and strange creatures have sported in the ocean waves where now are thriving towns and fertile fields." Other pen-pictures will follow in the Register from the same master of science. HOW THE THING IS DONE. The Negro Disfranchisement In the South Why a Democratic Senator from Virginia should Not be Ac ceptedThe Election Board Controlled by the Governor In North Carolina How Negroes are Prevent ed from Voting. f Special Correspondence of the Times. Washington, November 8. "The Re publican Senators should receive no man into the Senate from Virginia at the expi ration of Mr. Mahone's term except he be a Republican. To permit a Democrat to succeed Senator Mahone would be an out rage.'' The above sentiment was expressed to day by Major Powers, one of the best known Republican statesmen of North Carolina. "I mean," continued Major Powers, ' that Virginia has elected a Republican Legislature; or, if she has not elected it she bad the votes to do so, HDd was only deprived of it by the most outrageous frauds imaginable. A great deal has been said in the North about the corruption per petrated by the Democrats in the South, but it has never yet been made clear to Northerners how this rape of the ballot box was brought about. I will tell you how the Democrats control the elections in North Carolina my own State and I may add that the same state of nffairs ex- ists in Virginia. By the most audacious frauds which have ever been perpetrated in the South a constitutional convention was elected about ten years ago which changed the constitution so as to make these frauds easy, and ever since that change of the Constitution, or, I may say, since a new constitution was made for the State bo as to put the politics into the hands of those controlling at that time, it has been just as imposs.ble for the Republicans to get fair elections and for a colored man to vote as it has been for the people to take wings and fly away. It was understood : before the constitutional election that the delegates chosen were to make a Constitu- tion of the kind now on the statute books, j and the State was in a turmoil of excite ment for some time. Although the most desperate intimidation and corrupt use of money was everywhere seen, the Republi cans actually elected a majority of two of the de'egates- Before the reports were sent in, however, the highest tone Demo cratic member in Congress from North Carolina at that time, and I may say at this time, telegraphed to the managers of the Democracy to hold back certain pre cincts and make the returns Democratic for the purpose of saving the State. The convention was organized by the Bourbons after a deadlock of three or four weeks, and there was so much excitement and such prospects of a riot that the State militia were called out and the Constitu tion under which the people there now live was enacted. I only mention this distur bance in the election, constitutional con vention and making the Constitution, to show! that even in that the Bourbons were desperate and resorted to the most diaboli cal acts to carry out their purposes. "The Constitution provides that the Governor, I believe, or the Legislature, shall choose the Commissioners of the several counties. As soon as they are chosen by the Chief Executive they meet on the first Monday in August and choose Auditors for the several counties. These Auditors levy taxes and perform the same functions that County Auditors do through the North. The magistrates throughout the State, or justices of the peace, as they are commonly called, are appointed by the same power that selects the County Commissioners. The magis trates choose the Election Boards; so, you see, that the Governor controls all the ma chinery of the elections. ' Although our laws provide for the selection of Republi cans upon Election Boards, such Republi cans as are of no benefit to the party are always selected. The majority of each election Board are indirectly appointed by the Governor upon the recommendation of the Democratic Central Committee. The whole ballot-box machinery and everything that pertains to the election is therefore in th'e direct control of the Democracy." "Who directs the frauds at the ballot boxes?" I inquired. "Custom is sufficient to direct the frauds,'.' quickly replied the Major. The machinery is so old and works so well that it almost goes without saying that a cer tain quantity of Republican votes in igno rant localities are kept out of the ballot boxes, or if cast arc not counted. The surest and most popular way in which the negro vote is kept out of the Republican score is by the formation of the negro col lection precincts. It is proverbial through out North Carolina that the negro precincts are from three to five times as large as all the white precincts. My home is in New bern. There, as in all places through this State, the negroes are colonized in one portion of the city. There is one negro precinct, I remember, at my home, in which are about 550 black votes and prob ably 25 or 50 white ones. The other elec tion precincts, in which are white people mostly, ruu from 200 to -250 votes. Now, the Democrats on the morniugof the elec tion go to the polls in the negro precincts and cast their votes the first thing. The Democratic votes are in enerajiy uciore the forenoon is well worn. When the nc- grocs come up to vote they find u great crowd of white Democrats,' and they have to withstand a catechism that almost in variably results iu the defeat of their bal lot. The Democrats begin by challenging the colored voters. They ask them all kinds of idiotic questions, such as what their religion is, where their childreu go to school, what church they attend, how old they are, who their forefathers were, who they work for, how many men are employed about them, and all such stuff, which consumes a great deal of time, and finallyvthey demand that some well-known citizen must identify them. In half the instances a suitable man is not found to identify the colored voter. His employer is nearly always a Democrat, and he will, of course, refuse to identify him. If, how ever, he is identified by a man Who is un able to exercise the proper influence, the voter is told to stand aside for awhile when the matter will be settled. ".During all these controversies, in which colored men are turned away from the polls, a great crowd of negroes are hanging about waiting to vote, ilany of them are frightened by the gathering of white men, who are known to oppose them, and go away without voting through fear or turned away in disgust, and at every election where there are, say, 500 votes in the negro precinct, 400 of them will by this scheme not vote. "The reports of the machinery now in the hands of North Carolina Bourbous were so favorable to the Bourbons of Vir ginia that they amended their Constitu tion very recently and have exacted the same machinery. You can very readily see how impossible it is to get at anything like a full Republican vote. The Democrats who cluster about the ballot boxes on elec tion days, and those who are in charge of the ballot boxes and are on the Boards of Election are in the most desperate frame of mind and arc ready to execute almost any act of desperation, because they feel that the whole judicial machinery clear up to the Supreme Court of the State is in the hands of their own party. This is the reason why I say that only a Re publican should be admitted to the United States Senate to succeed Senator Mahone. Virginia is Republican by very many thou sand majority. It is my opinion that the Senate will take some steps in this matter which will eventuate in a change of affairs in the South. The condition of the ballot box in Virginia and North Carolina is more deplorable and calls for more radical treatment if possible than did slavery a score and a half years ago." II. A CLEVER YANKEE WIDOW Justifies Mr. Weller's Opinion. New York Star. "Just to think of it," he growled, with disgust written on every line of his face. " I was coming out of St. Louis the other day, and the car being crowded, 1 gave half my seat to a demure little widow." " How do you know she was a widow t" "She told me so. She said she was awfully afraid of being robbed, and know ing by my face that I was an honest man, she wanted me to take charge of her port monnaie until we reached Chicago." "And you did ?" "Am I not a fool ? Yes, I did, and as she passed it over she sweetly said : " "There's exactly $90 in it.' "We rode to Chicago' without leaving our seats. As we ran into the city I hand ed her the purse. She opened it and count ed the money. " Why, there isn't but $50 here!' she said, as she looked up at mc. " 'But I haven't taken any.' 4 Well, I am 40 short, as you see. Perhaps you can explain it to the police.' ' "And what did you do ?" " I gave her the $40, of course. Please kick me a few hundred times." Louis Kiel, the Canadian Rebel, was hanged on Monday. .HARCIS CICERO STANLY Still Hakes Trouble tn this World. In July last, letters of administration i were granted to Eliza C. Stanly upon her j sworn allegation that she" was the widow of the late Marcus Cicero Stanly. SI;., stated (hat she had two children bv him. Not long afterward another woni fin f gi v i n her name as Mrs. Emma L. Stanly, n.? also claiming to be Mr. Stanly's widow anil the mother of two children by him, :isk ; for a revocation of these letters of admin istratiojn. Her statement was that she hail lived with Mr. Stanly since 1857. Surro gate ljollins appointed Mr. Sherman W. Knevai a referee to take the testimony a to the Claims of the rival widows. ."fur some tlestiinony was taken, the reft ;-( closed I he case, owing to the failure of tl., counsej of Mrs. Eliza C. Stanly to i:t ; an appearance. The ruiatter came up yesterday bcf.,rc Surrogate Rollins upon a motion by Mes-.i. James If. Byrne and Leo C. Dessar, coun sel for LMrs. Eliza C. Stanly, that the n fi.i ence be opened. Their absence was i-x-plaineaon the ground that they were pie vented from attending the last hearing before he referee owing to their legal i n gagemints. Mr. JohaD. Townsend, counsel for Mm. Emma jL. Stanly, said that he was willing to hav' the case reopened for a furtln'r hearing if the other side would stipulate to pay posts. He said that at the h'-arimr before (he referee, his client presented lu i marriage certificate, showing that slio wa-. married, to Marcus Cicero Stanly on Sep. temberj27, 1857, by the Kev. Dr". Thomas Armitage, a Baptist clergyman of this citv. He added that her testimony showed that after their marriage she lived with Mr. Stanly iup to his death, except upon occa sions wTien he w is absent in Europe. She declarcjd that she had four children by Mr. Stanly. j of whom two are living, a daugh ter, agfed twenty-seven, now residing at Stuttgiirt, Germany, and a son fifteen eam old. ilr. Townsend stated further that in an affidavit by his client, made in April, 1S78, thich was submitted to the referee, the fact was set forth that one Elizi ('. Courtl&nd had asserted that she was m ir ried to Mr, Stanly previous to the marriage to him "jof his client, and that this woman -claimed still to be his lawful wife, and h;;.l stated ihat his client was afraid that after the death of Mr. Stanly she would not be in a condition to meet an action, if one was brought, to test the question of mar riage. ! ' Mr. Byrne said that he desired to adduce testimony sustaining the claim of Mrs. Eliza Stanly to be the surviving widow of Marcus Cicero Stanly, and as such enti tied tu- administer his estate. He asked this in entire good faith, and had every expectation of success in establishing her claim.' i Mr. Townsend said that Mrs. Emma I.. Stauly jwas the only lawful widow of Mr. Stanlyi He added that the other woman had nvvcr asserted herself as being Mr. Staniy'p wife until eight years ago, when she appeared in certain supplementary pro Ceedings. Mr. Stanly, he stated, in pro ceedings in the Supreme Court, showed conclusively that she was the wife of an other roan at the time she alleged that -lie-was married to him. Mr. Byrne said that he had letters which provedr that' his client was the lawful widowjpf Mr. Stanly. He protested against being Compelled to furnish security for costs, irs it would be a hardship on hi client, f Surrogate Rollins said he would take the matter under consideration. Si-ir '..;. Herald- If th(! lawyers will take the trouble to look injto the New York City Directories prior t 1883, they will find the name ami residenjee given of another "widow if Maicus; Cicero Stauly " who was mourning him infthat capacitv whilst he was living , - : ,u iifrma n,,,, a,D THERE'S NO PLEASIN( TIIU'I. A Novelty Among the .Tlarlla! Suim. New York World. Stalf-art Joseph Long, of Washington street, fhear Rector, was arraigned before Justic Murray on the complaint of his little, ffrail-lookiug wife, who charged him with itandonment. . " iflovc my wife," he said, " and she is welcAiBe to share my home with me. only too welcome. The place, looks dreary si ncj- sfic's gone." " What he says is true, but 1 would like to tell you my reason," said the wife. "Well, tell it then," said the Justice "Oh! I don't want to tell it with so many men around,"' poutingly cried the wife. S "Whisper it then," remarked the Jus tice, leauing forward. "I was afraid he would crush mc to death,'! said the woman after she had look ed arbund and made sure that there were nh listeners. " When he w ould conic home from his day's work he would gather me up tn his arms and hug me so tightly he would take all my breath atjay. That made me subject to headache, A 'little hugging is quite pleasant, but the way he does it is too much. No woman could stand it. I'm his third wife, and they tell me that his two other wives got di vorced from him for the same reason.""' "I can guess ,what she has told you," remarked the husband laughingly. ' Docs that excuse her leaving me, and must I be compelled to support a woman who will not come to a home I have provided for her!" Justice Murray decided that she must live atlher husband's home and dismissed the casje. WAVS OF THE LITTLE ONES. "Is it right to tell lies?" asked a Sunday school teacher who had a class of small boys, j "No, sir," responded every one. "Why isn't it right to tell'lies?" "Coe you gits liked for a-doin of it," came from a little fellow with a sore back near the foot of the class. PitttJmrg Leader. Small brother: "Where did you get that cake, Annie?" Small sister" "Mother gave itto me." Small brother: "Ah, she always igives you more than mc.'' Small sister: I" Never mind; she's going to put mustard plasters on us when we go to bed to-night, and I'll ask her to let you have the biggest, "j Troy Press. Mrs. Petcrby was reading to her li:tl son about the North Pole and the Esiui maux. p " The; Esquimaux arc not remarkable for neatness and cleanliness.as they neither wash themselves nor their children move than onpe a year." "Oh.tma," said Mrs. Petcrby "s little boy, "how I wish you was an Esqui-ma and pa was an Esqui-pa! Them's the kind of parents I need." Chicago Ledger. The Unreasonableness of Parent". " Pa,t said Bobby, who had been allow ed to sit up a little while aftet dinner with til distinct understanding that he was to iask no foolish questions, 'ci:i God do Everything? " " Yes" "CaniHc make a twWoot rule with on ly one end to it? ' " One more question like that," said the old man$ " and you will' be packed off t bed." j. Bobby nodded sleepily for ten minutes and thet) asked: " Pa, jean a camel go seven days without water? "i "Yes;" " Well, how many days could he g' lf he had water?" The nfext thing Bobby knew he was in bcp.
The Weekly Raleigh Register (Raleigh, N.C.)
Standardized title groups preceding, succeeding, and alternate titles together.
Nov. 18, 1885, edition 1
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