North Carolina Newspapers

t . ; II: A: n - - l".v. - AWFUL CATASTROPHE I 'XX : .V.i; ;OUR MliflRO SPACT ' . We kno not in what terms to announce the i. , Jj appearY by ;th foreign '-' news, 'that Mr. overwhelming 'news which has reached-a s.- Soule,.oux Minister to Spain has fought. a dael The fate of the steamer Sam JVoncife iaJat witlr.ttie Marquis of Turgofc, the French Minis '. length known; -and terrible-beyond expression ter. I Young puule;, tlje json of the Minuter, has . It is. Universal anxiety has become a' dreadful' tJso.had a duel with tie Duke of Alve, I .Jheir certainty. xne snip lovmuireu, u -iw uu- dred and fort bf the eevenJiandrcd human be- 1 ing wittf which she was freighted bve pcrish- i.9v--- : -.wiia xo suip, on were eptwni' But a" beneficent Provident Wuipera the sevV rest afflictions with.eonsolationis and so this dreadful calamity mitzht. tot 1 for hia,.mercy. Vfcayt been infinitely more disastrous for all of ' w the hundreds on board when the shin sank were provientialty ,re9cndtye9eIs accidentally T -' v at nana." ut toose.wno.perieuea same. were wi ' "fe he most disfrngaisbed and "beloved ofthaland.; vtr The following-are the .'sad particulars .and the. " -iNnames af some of tb lost, as they reached us ! V U ,i Mtwh. DJ wlegrapn a h- i? -' -? . U; -i af7-va. v- 1 New Yoac,- Jan. (fcj.-.'sc :, The ship Three Bells baa armed -Witn-one u ' hundred'' and ?aaty persons aavea irom.wie steamer San Francisco,- which' foundered at sea v on the 5th of Januarr. '-' vf;, V : TtinM WhA havAvarrlv'ed include aDOQtOne c ! hundred 'nfficers and soldiers and most cf! the r of tha ill-fated steamer. .'A number of . ' other; passengers were 'taken' ott the' sinking X ship by Uie barque Kilby, bound for Boston, :1rand "jnany by the ship Antarctic, bound for .t . I - i - ' . . - ' . - 5-- - 3- i- Most of the cabin bMaensers," toitethet f iU , -i as many soldiers as it , was deemed prudent for V her to take, cumbering. in all about ione bun i dred persons, are on board the barque Xilby. . Sba .baa probably gone to :Bermud,. bating j prted"eompany with the steamer during a gale tVOn thn night of the 29th December,-four dajs before the Three Bella left.", TKVfhiprAntarc ' tio has on board the residue of the troops, jand Capt. Watkihs, of the steamer San Francisco, who has proceeded to Lirerpool with Ibem to see' that they are properly proTided for.' ' " " : - In the rale of the 23d December the JSan J Franeiecd broached to twice,"- and wi' much disabled.' On the 24th all her spars and sails were blown away.' At one o'clock in the morn Sing of the 25th the engine stopped in conse quence of the breaking of the piston-red, ond . left the vessel totally unmanageable,-the sea Li . the same time striking her, -tremendous -4kws ;: tinder the guards, tearing up the .planking lore and aft on both sides,'and causing the ship1 to " leak badly. The troops were then organised " into baling parties. ' At nine o'clock on the - -.; 25th a beavy sea struck the steamer amidships, -eajTTin mm both smoke stacks, all the oooer saloon staring the quarter deck, and washing V.- overboard a large number of persons, beaidee ? killinr three of the ship's crew. On the 28th rt the barque Kilby was spoken and laid by;-the - steamer until Ihree o'clock in the afternoon of ,r .. V lb 29th, when a number of the passengers were ? transferred to the barque, which let go her . " hawser at ten o'clock at night, and nothing has ! since been' heard of ber. The gale continued ' " throughout the 30th and 31st, a number of the men being sick and some in a dying condition. In the evening of the 1st of January the Brit ish ship Three Bells was spoken; and laid by ' - the steamer until the 3d, when her boat was got -alongside. Uo tbe same day the shin Antarc . ti discovered and bore down for the steamer, and on the 4th both ships commenced takin ' off the passengers, together with tbe necessary - .provisions and water, which was accomplished by six o'clock in tbe evening. The next morn- . ; ing they took off the officers and crew. Captain .-"Watkina having been the last man to leave tbe . : ship, which had been with difficulty kept afloat ,-., F'Ist ten or twelve days. - f -. : Those lost overboard are CoL John M. Wash- i ineton. Maior Geo. Tavlor and his wife. Cant f IL B, Field, Lieut. R. II. Smith, three civilians ; and two ladies whose names are not reported, 1 and some two hundred and thirty of the troops. 1 Of the crew of the ship there were eleven deaths ; from the time she was disabled till the : 8th instant - -mar vtf jjsjor wyse ana lieut. w. A. Winder are amongst the passengers who have arrived in .New York. CoL Gates, Col. Burke, Maj. Mer chant, Capt. Judd and wife. Lieut Fremont and family, Lieut Loeser, Lieut Vanvort and t a . ... ine laaiea ana cmiaren araon board tbe barque Kilby.' Capt. Watkins, Aleut. Chandler, and Lieut C. S. Winder are on the ship Antarctic. ' SOXORA. 1 V CV il . . 1 r . m m m oonora is xnai otner tate ot Mexico over which all fillibusterdom sUuds hovering.- The good people no, not so much the good as the fast people of onr country, which is rich enough seui" Jiauj, Bees poor .oiexico witn tins gem lying loose on her shelf, and they are very ' busy, all at once, "hefting" it calculating : its value, and reckoning what it-would fetch. Upon Lower California they have . committed overt ' tal -Upon Sonora, no: being quite near enough, they have not yet laid hands. A precious pack of hard men every one of them willing to be a father to a Republic or to a State has taken up its station directly opposite its finest' port, where it can look in upon and admire its wealth. .There is no harm, certainly in looking in at t'ae jeweler's sbo-window, and wishing-ever' so fervently.-' But when, one has stood too loDg, . ; especially if he has a club in his hand,and' talks -.. aload of the policy of taking the Tglittering i-rtreasares just within the plate glass, ft is beet sr- for all parties that the police interfere. And - it does seem to us that it is time Jar President Pierce to speak to his amtitioussubfecta who ; -go aboot'making Presidents SJLvSecretarics of themselves manufacturing natMto in a-, day, 'f wd baving-nojrespectatldirorttiie feelingj of - unclad Indians, o the meetxteMtve landhdld- r : tit. ,JV. k. i-'-'V. - - " Sonora ua State more than twice the size of , JNtw-lork. It has on the west the gulf of Cal ifornia, on the North the river Gila, on the east the mountains that seperate it from New Mexi .j , o nd Chihuahua, and o.n the eoutlr the river Fuertev. ,Watr-i quit r plenty, here, timber abounds, and fine pasture; and -the -same , soil that yields abundantly of the plants that flour f, ish in the climate of New England; is equally productive of tropical plants and froits. A ge j Dial elimate a little too hot for Northern men; indeed, yet tempered as you recede from the "sea or the Gila invests ' the country beneath the surface are untold but not by any means uuireamed of mines -of gold, silver, quicksil j er, oopVjd itmt'JFJt i, certainly a gopd ' ly land, and there are large vimbers ready ao go in and possess' it Wre iV American hands, na.doubtlt would "ba speeifijj developed " into a ehoioe spot for the. growtbJyif)ur most . peculiar institutions. ' Among tlioeet jnajitnu on a . would be a Paeifia Railroad, Perhiipa here is . reason why, of late; its wealth1 b 1 enjoyed r such sadden devvlopement and incmase. It, is ' not ours yet .however. , Citizens, 'Set os 6ittf what we want that other people Wn ;'and if we cannot get it honorably, bit us', be , content . with what we have. There is not a jOoontry seat r within a radius of an bandied rnil of us that does not looa tempting to a jadedy citizen ; dot a broker's window thai does noempt a penni . less wanderer ;not a smoking; joint in the cook's shop that does notmake the jtnuuth of the start e- lia water. t"Liad nsiKVft mtA tamr.; i should be the invocation of ail such.- t ", "But we are lftt'shortjfor mines, harbors, sta tions, agricultural proqacUons, or land to put ;, a railroad on.' - Surely, we ought not to yield to any suco leaiptaviuus. v. j, lima. .Wall Toby, said his Honor to an old negro, woo had been hauled up Tor stealing a pallet what have you to say for yourself V i s "Nufin, but dis Boss : lwas craxv as a bed bug when I stole that 'ar pullet ; cos f might bab atola da bi; rooster an': neber done it Dat hows Jclusively dat I was laboring under -de delirium irtmendiu." - At New York on Sunday an ill-natured spic imen of humanity who as accidentally hit by a wow-ball, sUbbed the boy who threw it in the face, inflicting wopjid wJucli it is earednay ptoftsfatat I 7 rencounter grew outot euma remaras muo bout the dress of Mrs. Soul a at a bail. ' No dam age was done in either .affair' Perhaps -none was intended. uBuf wo should suppose uatina mey of the Democracy Would BrompfHheni send abroad Aiinisterswno couia no w prv voked to mortal combat. by provocation - so Bligfit,,Y'e recollect w ben a d isfcri guished W hig was spoken; of for a high office in this . couutry, it was objected to him by - such atraight-laced prmu as the Kaleigh standard and -otnera oi the same party,' that be -was a duelist, and there fore net fit for anvthine upon the face of the earth. He had fought in vindication of hiscbar- accer most grossly ana outrageously assattw m a public epeech by one or the most promineni men f the country and for this the Democra CT. heaped their objurrations ; mountain '.high Upon his head, and rolled Pelion upon Ossaito crush bim. lie was a homicide, a murderer, a lifcer, a devil incarnate, and utterly unfit to live. Now we shall expect ta hear from them. Roll op your eye aVgenUement Elevate yonr palms. Snuffle through your noses, and call upon your Pjeswent to .strip the shad-belly -from your wicxea minuter i . , we await your uiuiauoua. Roll them, forth., , Un til vou make :tha night hideous with vour howlincrs'' over' the sins of Soule; we shall never believe in the sincerity of your objurgations of Henry CIsy for his an air with John Randolph of iloanoke. rai. Argus, - TOUCHING SEA SCENE. "Dr. Parker,, in his interesting book, "Invita tions to I rue Happiness, ' - gives a beautiful il lustration of ferrentgratitude for Divine forbear ance so justly due from the hearts of all men, yet felt by comparatively so few who are per mitted to live on by its exercise, year after year. in impenitence During a sea voyage, a few years ainoe, I was conversing with tbe mate of the vessel on this topic, when he concurred in the view presented, and observed that it called to mind one of the most thrilling scenes he ever beheld With this he related the following story : "l was at sea on tna broad Atlantic, as we now are. It was just such a bright moon-light nignt as this, and Qie ses was quite as rough The captain had retired, and Was upon watch, wnen suaueniy tnere was a cry ot "a man over board 1" To get out ia a boat was exceedingly dangerous. I could hardly make ap my mi ad to command the hands to expose themselves. 1 volunteered to go myself, if two more would ac company me. Two generous fellows came for ward, and in a moment the boat was lowered, and we were tossed upon a tnopt frighful eea. "As we rose upon a" mountain wave, we dis covered tbe man on a distant billow. We beard his cry, and responded : 'Coming !' we descended into the trough of the sea, we lost sight of the man, and heard nothing but the roar of the ocean. As we rose on the wave, we again saw him, and distinctly heard his call. We gave him anothtr word of encouragement and pulled with all our strength. At the top of each successive wave we saw and heard him, and our hearts were filled withencouragement as often, in the trough of the sea, we almost abandoned the hope of success. The time seemed long and the struggle was such as men never made but for life. We reached him just as be was ready to sink with exhaustion. When we bad drawn him icte the boat, he was helpless and speechless. Our minds now turned to the ship. She had rounded to; but exhausted as we were, the dis tance between us and the vessel was frightful. One false movement would have filled our boat and consigned us all to a watery grave. Yet we reached the vessel and were drawn safely upon deck- We were all exhausted, but the rescued man could neither speak nor walk ; yet he had a full sense of his condition. lie clasped our feet and began to kiss them. We disengaged ourselves from his embrace. He then crawled after us, as we stepped back to avoid him ; he followed us, looking up -at one moment with smiles and tears, and then patting our wet foot prints with his hands, he kissed them with an eager fondness. I never witnessed such a scene in my life. I suppose if he had been our great est enemy, he would have been subdued by our kindness. The man was a passenger. During the whole remaining part uf the voyage, he showed the deepest gratitude, and when we reached the port he loaded us with presents. Many people estimate the ability of a newspaper, and the industry and talents of its editor by the editorial matter it contains. Ii is comparatively an easy task for a frothy writer to pour out daily columns of words words upon any and all subjects. His ideas may flow in one wishy-washy everlasting flood, und his com mand of language may enable him to string them together like bunches of onions, and yet his paper may be a meagre and- poor concern. But what is the toil of such a man who displays his leaded matter largely, to that imposed ou a judicious, well informed editor, who exercises h is vocation with an hourly consciousness of his responsibilities and duties, and devotes himself to the conducting of bis paper with the same care and assiduity that a sensible lawjer be stows upon a suit, or a humane physician upon a patient without regard to show or display. Indeed, the mere writing part of editing a pa per is but a small portion of the work. The care, the time employed in selecting, is far more .important and the tact of a good editor is bet ter known by bis selections than any thing else, and that we all know is half the battle. But, we.naTe 8aid an editor ought to be estimated, and his labors undamood, and appreciated, by the general conduct of bis paper, its tone, its temper, its uniform, consistent course, its prin ciples and aims, its manliness, its dignity and propriety. To preserve these as they should be preserved, is enough to occupy fully the time and attention of any man. If to this be added the general supervision of the newspaper estab lishment which most editors have to encounter, the wonder is how they find timo to write at all. ' Alexandria Gazette. In a narrative of Travels on the Amazon and Rio Negro, just published, Mr. Wallace de scribes an extraordinary tree, called th tree. whieb was bne of the first wonders he saw near -ara., The fruit is eatable, and full of a rich and very jkv palp r but strangest nf nil js the vegetable milk, which exudea in ihnn. .dance when the bark is' cut It has about the consistence of thick cream, and, but for a very slight peculiar taste, could scarcely be distin guished from the genuine product of the cow." Mr. Leavens ordered man to tap some logs that had lain nearly a month in the yard. Ho cm several noicnes in tbe bark with an axe, and in a. minute the jich. sap waa running out in great quantities. It was colletl ;n . k.; diluted with water, strained, and brought up at . -- wto uhi morning, ibe r - - w. v ma uiui seemeu rawer to im prove we quality ot tbe tea, and gave it as good a color as rich cream ; in coffee it is equally as good.' Tbe milk is also used for glue, and it is said to be ss durable as that made use of bv carDenters. , ...-, . s - . . : f . T"TflI? s A" Costiktiox wUl meet in six weeks,?. and. while many of the counties have held. Meetings and appointed delegates.no ouu iiM oeen iaen DJ others. ' , We would en force upon our friend in th ties, whioh have not yet moved, jn the matter th importance of. holding primary .meeting wna a view to ensure, in the approaching Con Tention a full representation. , The magnitude of the issues at stake, and the importaot resulta depending upon the. election: in August next that awnfices for the good of the cause. Contrasted with this pUinduty, other considerations are unimportant. Ffa.J7rW. - . - j iuu means or main .ui..K ny organization be made, but all true Whitm shru.M ' , ' - wwia ui riiarF m lib m a ar a . i 9 THE DUEL IN THE BUSH, ?fn the story of "Emily Oxford, or Life in Aus tralia wa find the following incident of George Flower, a famous .mounted policeman, who was sent out ft hunt up'a notorious bush-ranger. " Ha met Millighah as ' fellow-ranger-and rearplu'ck -was to come u pon, you . when."; yo : were alone, and was to challenge oa to surren der, what would you do I Would you draw your tri&Kcr at'ohce.'and npt give' him a chance V' . ' "No,' cried MUlighan, "I'd tell him to stand off and have afigbt for if.t -r '-A - ti t:it:i : J l?l .',:t1 Lrvtm tta ; eagle eye fixed on bim, "are yon speaking me truth r - -t-; r "Yes? so neip me" HeavenJ" . "; 'Now let us suppose,'.' continued. Flower, that such a man'aa that fellow George Flower the fellow that waa drowned the other day- was to be in the same position: with- you as l iinnovr''""-'. ' t . ' , Td tell him, ".said Millfghan, ""that one of as must die. and challenge him to fight fair." ,"How fight fairt" . v v -r- "Why, I'd ask him to measure off fifty ysrds to walk backwards five-aad-twenty paces, and let me do the same." :!And do you think he would do it T" "Yea I do, for be was a man. I have often wished to meet that fellow in the field, for what I most want in this life is its excitement and to be killed by the hand of a man like Flower, or to escape by killing him in fair fight either way would be something to suit me." ""Millighan," said Flower slowly, "I believe every word you uttered. Now listen to what I am going to tell you. lam George ilowe'r!" Millighan started. He gazed on Flower, whose eye was now riveted on that of bis adver sary. Millighan'a carbine dropped from, his hands, but he did not change color or betray any alarm. "Pick up vour piece," said Flower, pointing to the carbine and assuming a proud and care less attitude. "I am ah that you have said of me, Millighan. I might hare shot you like a dog before I spoke to you just now; but I could not do that, lor you are a man as well as my self, and you are as brave as generous. Pick up your piece and walk backwards five and twenty paces; but let us shake bands first" Millighan took Flower's hand, and sighed heavi ly as he shook it. "Do not surrender," sugges ted Flower, half fearing that Millighan would do so and break the very charm that bound him to the man. "Surrender!" cried Millighan, with a smile and a sneer ; "no! I'll never do that And know ing you to be a brave foe, I have still a chance; for I shoot as straight as you do. But tell me in earnest ; are you Gesrgo Flower ? Yes, you must be. But bear this (his blood began to warm) if you are not, we must fight this day, for we cannot after live together." And Milli gban took up his carbine, and satisfied himself that there was powder in the pan, and with his left thumb he pushed the corner of his flint round so as to insure igoitiou when be drew the trigger. Flower placed his carbine against a huge stone, then put his bauds into bis pockets ami looked at Millighan ; I am George Flower." said he, "an J who but George Flower would deal with you as I do Don't let us talk much, or I may forget my mission and become a bush ranger nivself." And Flower took up his car bine, and examined the powder in his pan, and touched the flint as Millighan had done. "Flower! for Flower jou must be," said Mil lighan, "grant me, if you shoot me, one desire that has haunted me. 1 do not dread death, but I have a horror of burial. If fr-fall, suffer me to lie on the very spot. Let the eagle come and feast upon my carcass, pluck these eyes from their sockets and the skin from this brow: h t me lie here in this lonely region, and let my bones blench in the sun, and the rain fall, and the moon and 6tars shine upon them." "My God!" exclaimed Flower, seizing Mil lighan by the arm, "the same dread of being buried has ever haunted me. If I fall by your band, let me rest here, with my head pillowed upon this gun. Let no man living be shown the spot where I fell." "Take your ground," said Millighan. "I am ready," "There is my hand," said Flower, "and should we meet in another world we shall not be a&ham ed of one another, my boy." Tears were standing in the eyes of both Flow er and Millighan when they parted. Each step ped backward pace for pace. Millighan follow ed by his little terrier, Nettles. When they were about fifty yards apart, they halted and looked at each other for several minutes. Both simultaneously levelled their carbines, but each was indisposed to be the first to fire. At last Millighan discharged his piece. He had aimed at Flower's heart. Ilia bullet whizzed past Flower's head, and carried away part of the left whisker. Flower fired and Millighan fell flat on bis face. The ball had entered his left breast. Flower ran to the spot to catch any last word Millighan might desire to breathe. But Mil lighan was dead. COUNTERFEITS. We think it necessary to caution the public against counterfeit bills on the Bank of the State of North Carolina, and on the Tape Fear Bank, many of which are in circulation. We had a counterfeit four dollar bill on the Bsnk of the State paid to us a few days since, the en graving of which is bad, and the paper course and inferior; still they are seldom detected, unless when paid into, or presented at Bank. They look so old and worn, as to convey the impression that they could not have circulated so long as their appearance would indicate. We learn that spurious bills are in extensive circulation in this place ; scarcely a day pass es in which more or less of them are not pre sented at the.Banks by unsuspecting persons. Wethinkthat the Legislature ought to take steps at its earliest meeting to put a stop to this wholesale method of swindling. At any rate, the circulation of such bills might be very much lessened, by making it tbe duty of Bank officers to stamp every spurious bill presented at their counters with the word " counterfeit," in large letters', and add the signature of the officer by whom it is so stamped, as " teller," " cashier," or whatever it may be. WU. Jour nal. Sknsiblx Hogs. Some years ago I made a visit in the Bay of Fundy, and. finding a coxy place there quite to my mind, I spent a week or more in that vicinity. Whilst there I had OCCasiOn tO notice the mnnnli nf .,j hogs who came down to the beach at low tide 1 to feed upon the clams which abound ia the or forty7eet in . part" of TheTuThe consequence is that it must come and recede very rapidly ; so swift indeed does it rise that cattle unacquainted with the state of things not uuirequenuy get overtaken by the water and are urownec. ineoid hogs in those parts however, get 7 accustomed to the tide. They find out not only that it "wait for no man " but that it waits! for no hog." One day while I was on the beach I saw a regiment of hogs as busy as they could be rooting for clams and feasting on them? .Watching them .carefully. I could not help noticing that several of their number ever and anoo placed one ear in the attitude of nsteuing. ' They would remain in that position a moment , or. two, and then go on digging clams. At length one cunning old fellow, after listening an instant uttered that well-known note of alarm, and off he and the whole regi ment ran at the ton of their reach of the tide When I placed my ear near the ground, as the hogs did, I discovered what they discovered, and what I did notttow be- eomin.;n . "t tI.. turc, iu roar oi me nae it necessary to retreat about as speedily as th. i had done. What do you think of that reader f I - Youth, Cabinet. . I who supposed 1 lower to be dead. Alter some conversation,: Flower vaid t' 'Now suppose a mounted policeman, or thief-taker a fellow of THE RALEIGH REGISTER. "Our' art the plant tfjir, deUgtyuiptace i UnwarpeJ by party rage, to lice likf brothen. , R XL BI G H.!fl. a : '. WEDNESDAY MORNING, "J AN. 1854. MUNICIPAL ELECTION. V. ''" An election, under our Ct jr Charter,. for Mayor and seven Commissioners, was held on Monday last W. D. Hatwood, Esq.; was re. elected Mayor without opposition ; and the fol lowing Gentlemen were chosen Commissioners, tit; -' MiDDUt . Ward C. B. ROOT. J. - r: SEATON GALES. ISAAC PROCTER. 'EarrsKNt AVabd. W. H. McKEE E, SMITH. Wkstebw Ward. A. M. GORMAN. S. W. WHITING. SUPREME COURT. Thckspay, Jan. 12. Argument in Hamlin v. Mebane, continued by Mr. Moore. FaiDAT, Jan. 13. Argument in the -same case conoluded by Mr. John H. Bryan. Gwyn v. GVyn, in Equity, from Caswell, ar gued by Morebead for plaintiff. Corbett v. Corbett, from Caswell, argued by Morehead for defendant Lee v. Ford, in Equity, from Randolph, ar gued by J. II. Bryan for defendant. Saturday, Jan. 14. Poindexter and Wife v. Gibson, Ex'r, in Equity, from Guilford, argued by Miller for plaintiff, and Morehead for defen dant Barnes i wife v. Strong, Ex'r in Equity, from Rockingham, argued by Miller for plaintiff and Morehead for defendant. MURDER. A man by the name of Napoleon Blake was killed in an affray by two men, named Keitu and Tippet, about four miles from this City, on Saturday night last. They are confined in jail. ANOTHER INJUNCTION ! We learn from the Fnyetteville Argus, that Smith & Colby, the Law-1-ovino and law abiding Stockholders in the Western Railroad Compa ny, have obtained another Injunction from Mr. Justice Wayne of the Supreme Court of the U. S., restraining the President and Directors of the W. II. It Co. from selling their stock as ad vertised. The matteris toboheard before Justice Wayne, at Washington City, on the second Saturday in February, or on the 10th of March, at Wiluiing ton, at the option of the President and Direc tors. The Injunction was served on the officers of the Company on Wednesday morning last. THE LOSS OF THE SAN FRANCISCO. In our columns, this morning, we furnish the details of a disaster more terrible than nuy which it has ever fallen to our lot to record. The United States steamship San FrancUco, about which so many fears have been abroad for ten days past, has gone- to the base of the ocean, and of seven hundred living beings that she carried, nearly three hundred will see the light of the sun no more. Tragedies have been re cently accumulating. What with conflagrations on land, and disasters at sea, we have "supped full of horrors." The human freight of the San Francisco is scattered. Three huudred and more are in the waves; one hundred and fifty (lound numbers) are gone to Liverpool in the ship that saved them : about the same number have arrived at New York, mostly without garments; and near ly an equal number, rescued by another vessel, have still to be heard from. The North Carolina Argus. We have re ceived the first number of this paper, just estab lished in Fayettevillc, and edited by Jxo. W. Cameron, Eq. As we anticipated, it abounds in choice and interesting matter, and has placed itself, at the outstart, in the front rank of North Carolina journalism. We promise ourselves much solid gratification and refreshment from the hebdomadal visits of the "Argus" and we confidently commend it, not only to the support of the Whig party, to which it is destined to be an effective auxiliary, but to the whole read ing community. Tbe "Argus" will be published weekly. Ttnns: $2, in advance; $2,50, if paid during the year ; $3, if not paid until the expiration of the year. A writer in the "National Intelligen cer," who was a member of the Virginia House of Delegates in the vears 1798 and W), gives an interesting account of the famous resolutions of that period. It seems that Mr. Madison was not a member in '98, and consequently was not the author of the resolutions. He was in the House of Delegates in '99. He wore a blue cloak, wh ich be rarely laid aside. The mem bers sat on benches, without writing-desks be fore them, and the writer infers from this fact that they dispatched business moro rapidly, since they could not occupy their time in read ing and writing letters. 'Mr. Madison occupied the front bench near tbe speaker. When he spoke he held his hat in his hand, and appear ed to look into it as if reading. He always spoke to the point, and nevef long at a time Those who have read the Madison papers and Vli:- 1 . mr r Elliot'" debates, know that Mr. Madison never 8Pke unless he had something to sav and that "n V 7 Tc in L -Profound Statesman, in the ' n,neat 8en8e of the word. Mr. Jefferson said Lof him nat "Mr. Madison has read volumes where I have only read pages' When Mr. Hamilton commenced the series of essava in defence of Jay's treaty, in which he first began to put forth bis latitudinarian view of the now: ers of the constitution, he, Mr. Jefferson, wrote to Mr. Madison that he alone waa capable of replying to mm. .Hamilton, he said, was a co lossus a host within himself, and nothing short of Mr. Madison's learning and Ingenoitl would be ablelo compete with him: .We l0Te to dwell on the character and qualities of this great Statesman, and have thus been betrayed into these recollections of our readings. l-.Weare indebted to the Publisher of the "Biblical Recorder" foran.atW-7' lt copy of tbe "Proceedinrs of t.- fourth Annual Session of the Baptist Stata bon yention of North Carolina." pHW5W THE PROSPECT BRIGHTENING. r We are glad lo learn that the feeling in favor of land distribution is rapidly growing in waan ingtonv Tbe unjust exclusion of the old States from a participation in the public domain ia awakening interest -in quarters where we least expected it Western States, which- bave.no longer any considerable portiop- of the lands withinjheir border's, begin 'to look at the ques tion from an eastern iwint of view; y .Wi& such prospects of securing, the ; meed, pi justice o ixorin uaronna, we .snaii omn uo -arousing ; the public: mind? to . the ressential im portance of the subject, ; . ... It may be "due to the President' that the locofoco Press shall continue their war upon . the rights and interest of North Carolinaj "Jbut we shair nevertheless press! on until those rights have an acknowledgment in the Halls of Con gress, and ar the. White House." Gen.PiERCB, it may be said,"will veto a distribution ,bill ; but that is no reason for freemen to , abandon their rights. We are for- putting the cup to his lips at any rate, and if he shall disregard the wishes of the people, there will be tbe greater reason for bowing him out of office at the end of his present term. Gen. Jackson, in vetoing the United States Bank, informed Congress, that if he had been consulted, be might have furnished the outlines of such an institution as he could have sanctioned ; and the other day in the Sen ate, the suggestion was thrown out, that legisla tion should be conducted with reference to the views of the President Now, our ideas of Re publican freedom are so old-fashioned, that we are unprepared to sanction this modern demo c ratio doctrine, which elevates the Executive over the Legislature ! t A writer in the "Richmond Examiner' proposes a plan for removing the free colored population, which we trust will find little favor in Virginia or elsewhere- He suggests that a tax of $10 per head be levied upon all free ne groes above the age of twenty-one years, and that those between fifteen and twenty-one be taxed $5. The penalty of non-payment of tbe tax is the sale of the negro for a limited period until he or she works out the tax at ten to twen ty -five cents per day. 'It is estimated that about $460,000 may be raised in this way the first year, which, with a sum in the Treasury already appropriated to the object, will send out about ten thousand negroes to Liberia. This appears to be a revival of the cruel pro ject of Extra-BiLLV Smith, which exploded a few years since, under the manly denunciations of the Virginia Press. Extra-Bill's notoriety has been acquired, we believe, by asking extra pay as a mail contractor, and the iutroduction of such a law as that above indicated Bright be a feather in bis cap; but we much mistake the character of the people of the Old Dominion, if they are willing to tarnish the fair fame of that ancient Commonwealth, the birth place of tbe proudest names in the Republic, by tbe enact mcnt of a law as cruel as it is barbarous. At a time when Alabama, Georgia and other Southern States ate commencing a system of ameliorating measures in the management of the colored population, it would be disgraceful to Virginia and other old States if they should adopt the opposite policy. We deem it highly impolitic in the South to pursue this course. It is obviously for our interest to conciliate the good opinion of mankind as far as is consistent with dignity and honor. This is the view taken by the profuundest thinkers of the Southern Country even by tho talented though erratic Editors of the Southern Press and by the lead ing minds in Georgia, Alabama and South Car' olina. The practical enforcement of such a system of taxation as that proposed for the removal of the free negroes of Virginia, would be attended with an amount of cruel oppression which would awaken the sympathies of the civilized world, and intensify the prejudice against slavery in a degree of which we have hitherto had no ex ample. To say nothing of the injustice of such scheme of colonization, its impolicy in this and every other point of view is too clear to need elucidation ; while the opposite course of hu manity and kindness would go far towards open ing the way for the gradual removal of the free colored race to tho tropics. We are indebted, through Poherot, to the Publishers, for that highly valuable puWi cation, the "American Almanac" for 1854.- It embraces as usual a useful compilation of Sta tistical and other matter. We notice some in accuracies in -the work, especially in that por tion of it which relates to North Caiolina; but we do not see that they are particularly material Tbe "Weldon Patriot" has changed bands. It is now conducted by Messrs. Scute- gins and Hamell. Its politics are, of course, not only unaltered, but it promises to battle with fresh energy in behalf of the good cause t&- The Rev. J. J. James has assumed the Editorial control of that excellent religious and family periodical, the "Biblical Recorder." BY TBE BALTIC. The Baltic arrived at her wharf this morning, with a heavy freight, and a large number oi' passengers. She experienced very severe wea ther in her passage. - THE KABTKajf QUESTION. News bad reached England by tbe overland mail from India, that tho .Shah of Psrsia had teft Teheran with 30,000 cavalry, one thousand cannon, and three thousand camel loads of am munition, to co-operate with Russia. He had progressed to and passed Tabereer. 9 It is said the Shah was influencing Dost Ma hommed to side with Persia and the Russians ' It was positively stated that " Jagondib " a Russian ninety-four gun ship, was destroyed at the battle of Sinope. She was attacked by a Turkish frigate, and both were blown - Tbarj8 Admiral and his. aid-de-camp, J had died of their wounds ;and Omar Pasha. naa neen compelled to submit tojbe amputation uULe ,lies in dang condition. The Turkish loss at the battle of Sinope, itis aid,-irae equal to twenty millions of piasters. Poland1- made twV leTies of recruits on ttjwJ?M? 'Mide at S'BJra had con tnbuted 300.000 francs to support volunteers in the lurkish army. . . '-V " - '- ' KiaxiTS'- -' J '-"v" Cotton atLiverpool on the Wednesday previous to the sailing of ithe Baltie. amounting to 7,000 bales. The market wa very firmiV. T. Express, 14. ; Ecurs.--There will be'an extraordinary eclipse of the sun ot the 26th of May next, such one aa none but the oldest inhabitants have witnessed in this vicinity. It will be similar to the great eclipse of 1806, since which there has been none resembling it nearer than that of 1831, when eleven-twelfths of the sun was ob scured, -v-u.,' -:' - " ' CAPE FEAR AND" DEEP , , .. x Albant N..Y January please'find k correspondence between Mr. W 'APerkine and; myself, cri' the subjectof the CpmparativOif Water Communication freighting 'purposes. wbicb tnay not be uninteresting to those of your readers who are interested n some of; your in tcrnal Improvements, and especially the, Deep BiTertmwemett ivOir, trerains'is ;s. present, tu . cmyj -,v the State, having charge of the eastern di vision of the Erie and Chdm plain , Canal, and standsJ at the liead "ofi his profession v iv i iCi-.,, Yours, Tery respecttolly, . - -C OOfiARD. XM''" : : Albany, Deccriher 2fel$53. Bear Kir : I herewith enclose to you cer tain Teports, in relation t6 the Deep .River, im nrovflment ' : now nroirressing in the State o S'orth Carolina, and a copy of the lUleigh Re-; gister, containing an article over tne signature of Prof. E. Mitchell, in which he states, (refer ring to the Fayetteville and Western Railroad,) that " there would be in the railroad, supposing it once built, a despatch, a" certainty, and, I may add, an economy, which would render it so much superior, that it would be hopeless for the river navigation to-attempt to contend with it. Whether for the transportation of coal,' or of d rod uce and merchandise, it would have every advantage." . The Railroad above alluded to, we, will sup pose, diverges from the Cape Fear River at ia vetteville. and taps the coal mines upon the Deep River, at Farmville, or Haughton's, and is forty five miles Jong. .The distance upon Vpe river between the same points is eighty miles, and the total lockage one hundred and seventy-five feet. If the data presented are sufficient, it is de sired that you furnish me, at your earliest con veniencc, a statement giving the cost of trans porting freights by rail and by water, with your opinion as to the correctness of Frof. Mitchell s statement as quoted above, and such otbr sag gestions as you may deem proper to make.' Respectfully vours, C.'W. GODARD. Wn. A. Perkins, Cicil Engineer, Albany. N. Y. Albany, Dec. 29, 1853 Dear &ir : 1 am in receipt of your note, bearing date the 2i th inst, enclosing certain reports and communications in relation to the Deep River Improvement A careful perusal of the same has afforded me as correct an idea of the nature and extent of tbe improvement as can be obtained without an exploration of the river in question. During the past lew years much lias been written and published in respect to the relative capacity of Rail Roads and Canals for the trans portation of freight and partisan feeling has been strongly man i Tested in the exhibition of their respective claims to superiority as chan nels ot trade. It must be admitted that the only sure basis lor determining the extent and nature of any improvement for transporting from a district of country its several products, is a knowledge of the quantity and kind of those products, of the time allowed tor bringing them to market and of the topographical features of the country over wiucn tne improvement must pass. In this State, we have an instance where the construction of a canal was the only mode of commanding tne trade ot the several .North ir i f . . . j .i - . tvebtern oiaies ; ana otner instances occur where, if railroads had been put in operation in place ot the canals now in use, the commercial interests of the country would have been better subserved, and an income derived sufficient to pay the interest upon the money invested, the canals referred to now yielding a revenuj bare ly sufficient to operate them and maintain them in good repair. If a great agricultural or mineral district can i i i . . . - ue opeueu, anu us prooiicts transmitted to a steady market by a slight expenditure of money iu iiuuroviii me cuauuei oi a river wmcn runs in a direct route, it will unquestionably afford the cheapest mode of transporation which can be obtained. But if there are natural obstacles, the overcoming ot which would render the con struetion of a canal or slack-water navigation very expensive, it would be advisable to adopt the Railroad. I am informed that the length of the Cape Fear River improvement from FiTyetteville to the. Eastern formation of the coalfields is about eighty miles, and that the length of the propos ed rail road connecting tbe same places is forty-five miles. The cost of the river improve ment is set down at fourhucdred thousand dol lars ($400,000.) and I suppose the cost of the rail-road with single track and equipment can not be less than twenty-three thousand dollars ($23,000) per mile, or for the whole road one million and thirty-five thousand dollars ($1. 035.000.) The size of the boats which will pass through the Cape Fear River locks is 103 feet in length. 17 breadth, 2.i5 feet draught The burthen of a boat ot these dimensions is about 120 tons, and it is understood that each luck will be able to passjone hundred and forty boats per- day; half of these being loaded, the daily tonnage upon the river, would amount to eight thousand four hundred tons, and the yearly tonnage to two, millions, six hundred thousand tons. An annual revenue of seventv-five thousand dol!ars($75,000)shouldbederivedfrom this im provement for tbe purpose of defraying the ex penses of maintenance and repairs 'and navinv tbe interest upon the outlay. 1 ue tolls necessary to be levied upon the ton nage as above computed will therefore amount to thirty-six hundredths of a mill per ton per mile. - . The cost of transportation upon this imr.Vr.vo. ment including the above tolls, can . be safely estimated at four mills per ton per mile, which would make the total annual revenue amount to the sum of eight hundred and thirtv tm ti,... sand dollars. ' ' The operations of the railroad. a single track, can not,; exceed the passing of "'" Pcr "y eacn way over tbe whole length of the road; which would admit of a movement of eighteen hundred that all of the trains have an average of one hundred and fifty tons. Thus, we findthat h yearly business of the road would amount to tne transportation of five hundred and sixty thousand tons. - - - ... The cost of transportation upon the road. I estimate at eight mills per ton per mile, and this charge upon5 the tonnage abov.e estimated, will yield a revenue of $201,600. Deducting from this snm the cost of operating and main taining the, road, which cannot be estimated at less than forty-five per cent of the total income, we have left the amount Of $110,880 as the nett profits of the CompanvV This will annual dividend of about ten per cent, trbieh, at the present day, is regarded as but a fair profit on railroad'investments. ' . . - It appears, from the forefoint rmnrVi 'that the expense of improving the river isbut little more than one-third of the cost of the railroad ; that the number of tons transported upon the river and railroad, will b in th'A tion of 65 to 14, and 'that the cost of transpor- uW pu mn river, is but en e half of that upon the railroad. , . - ." ' llie time occupied m movinp onl mines to Fayetteville upon the railroad will be about four hours, while that consumed upon the river will be twenty hours, This loss of time cannot regard as objectionable, and if so, it is quite overcome bv the savin r of trana-Bh;nntn A Fayetteville. ... In proof of the correctness ot the above stated ment, 1 can offer no better evidence than the F luiiuwing quotations made from pages 124 and mo iMk .uunosi report or the State En- 6 l 3 ' uvu "e ixew xork canals It Kt c08tof,trn'PSrtation of 1848 on the Cheapeak and Ohio Canal, from Cumber, 1848 on 1 Cumber,1 ; i iand to Georgetown, a distance 184 4 RIVERS. i.06, or 4 mill, per ton per mile in7' 8, 1854. V MO -mn?" on tne cost of the boats w V and denro,.;,..: : ioajing an)j onloadin Tl. . . - w . .. -mo w ui iransnnrtiitusn , cbaylktll Canal is $44 54. fop 108 . n mills per ton per mile : th "ii rs i ware and Hudson Canal is tha n the Ii.. .-;.rhecostof all expenses of ruonin,' i 1 and decrease of value of horses, office an i'1 sonal expenses, and part cost of loadinX loadings on the Erie Canal in 1852. mills per tori per mile. The charge, f" T J portation on the Erie Canal in 1851 nnV,V (except.Iate m the season) have averae,Uo U ' per ton for down nd . $2 35 pur too f freight, (exclusive of the Charge for Stat,,,," I beinz at the rate of 6.9. permit. : T u'"s Prto tnolftc lor transportation nf Cml uv-uuyiKiii. vanai in icoa, was $0 C5 for K. muea, or o mills per ton per mile. - ' " ft ' pvr nine, aaj nn l' Delaware and Hudson Canal about 51 1;,? lb( ... : i r . i , .. iuu jicr uine. va ine latter tjanal tho ir' ascertained tlmt Iho ntxut nf . . - "D't . ... ""poruitlrin l been reduced more than 40 per cent bvnl ing the Canal from a capacity for boat, ft tons to that of 115 tons. 13 of 54 - The cost of transporting coal on the R.,j . -Railroad, , for several years, was stated at, 6 mills per ton per mile. The cost for 1852, is stated at 5 mills. Major Gwvnn i?J t -report on the James River Canal for 1 . 383, corrects the cost as stated in the rp6'' the Reading road, for 1851, to 6 7-10 mSu I ton per mile. . s t . , - T.heJ P08 f transporting coal oa the Penni, vania Coal (Jomnan v' rnnrl ; l c-1 n . 'T : : cents per ton per mile, and about the sam. " , . ... i0tJl w j ui. the Carbondale railroad. The wue uoui on tne xtaitimore anu Uhio i : 1 . l ii.: i . i i ."age, f stated at 1 cent per ton per mile. 1 The charges for transporting coal on the Ra ing and Baltimore and Ohio railroads, hasbT about 1$ cents per ton per mile ; on the Lvke? " Valley, Beaver Meadow, and Mine Hill ra"! ' ' ' roads, is 2 tents. On the Scliuylkiil Va , ' and Mount Carbon is 3 cents ; and on 3 other coal roads in Pennsylvania, is from 4 J cents per ton per mile. ": , Thus it will be seen, that the cost of train. porting coal on the most feasible, and bsstre lated roads, does not compare favorably, 'vi' ? the less advantageous water communication. 'H'' The Chesapeake and Ohio Canal, is a vm ' ' expensive work, and the cost of transportir'. ' " ' ' coal through this canal, is more thananj other v'i similar work, within my knowledge vet it will ' be seen, that even this canal, transports prep, '1 erty : cheaper, than any Rail-road, while ' ' costs some roads more than fire times as much. The Central Road in this State, runs parallel with the Erie Canal, and pays no toll. Thee. " " i nal pays a toll equal to three millions of dot lars per annum, and yet the R. Road cannot compete with the canal, and such wiJJ be fbunj comparatively the case with all experiment!, '-i) as between Rail roads and Canals, in this, oi ; -any other country, so far as cdmoarisons hare ' w been made that have coiue'under my observe, ; 4"' tion. If I am correctly informed, the Deep and rfV Cape Fear River improvement, will prove j : source of vast importance, to the State of Xorth Carolina as it would to any other State, aimi- w " larly situated, and I see no reason, why ii Tf should not be, both feasible, and very economi cal. We have a similar improvement in this Stat?, (the Oswego Canal.) and it has proved itself to be as good, if not better, than any other cans! within our State. A small quantity of water properly controlled, will serve the purpose fir extensive navigation, while a much larger Wdr i water misooniroiiea, Wouia oe entirely use- less ; and those who venture an opinion in fac vorof Railroads for freighting property,, under . - anjr reasonable circumstances, must jeopard their reputation in doing so, as a general tiling ; - W. A. PERKINS. - - GOVERNOR OF MASSACHUSETTS. Boston, Jan. 10. The Legislature of -Mams. chusetts to-day elected Mr. Washburn. Whi" Governor of Massachusetts, and Mr. Plunken Lieut. Governor. Tbe message of the Governor will be banded in to-morrow. MISSISSIPPI UNITED STATES SEN ATOR. Louisville, Wednesday, Jan. 11. A despatch received here last evening from Jackson, Miss., announces the election of Ei Governor A. G. Browp as United States. Senator for the four years ending 1S59. Decsnct and Dignity or thx Pekss. It is a serious mistake, if not a grave crime, in a news paper to indulge m course vituperation. A cer tain decency of language is always due to its own dignity, even when not demanded by the subject under discussion. However great may have been the wrong -perpetrated on tho public, or even however exasperating the iniurv to the journal itself, nothing ean be gained by low aouse or exaggerated invective. A weak argu ment never yet gained strength from coarse de nunciation. . A strong one does not require such aids. In no event, therefore, can it'be trood policy to resort to the vocabulary of Bilhn Ru gate. But not the less should a Sense of disrnitv pre vent a journal from thus disgracing itself. In nvate life, no gentleman ever stoops to band? blackguardism with another, no matter how great the personal abuse fie suffers, or how per severing the slanderer. He considers that he would demean himself by sueh condact. He feels that be would only lower himself, without injuring his antagonist. What is true of tbe individual is also true of the Journal. Ths columns' which are degraded by vituperation, soon lose character, at least with respectable men. "The vulgar fellow whose mouth is always mil 01 curses ornitny abuse, does not create more disgust among the intelligent, refined and good, than the newspaper which writes like a low huckster. Phil. Ledger. Anecdote of Childkn. A little girl had a beautiful head 01 hair, which hung in " fluster ing curls " down her neck. One hot summer day, she went up stairs and cut all the curls off. Coming down, she met her mother, who exclaimed, with surprise : Why, Mary J what have you been doing to your hair V To which she' responded, that " she had cut it off and laid it away in her box, but that she intended to put it on again to-morrow, as Auct Nancy did!'" . "Papa!" said the same little urchin tome,' when he was but three years old, and had just begun to catch the' phrases of old children it was the pensive hour of twilight, and drawing near bis bedtime "Papa, will you makes prayer for me, before I go to bed V Yes, my darling, if you wish it ; but why not let your mamma, say your prayert for you, as she does on other nights ?" ' Oh, papa, I don't want you te say-tlioe prayers : 'Our Father,' 'Now I lay me ;' but pray yourself- make a prayer to God for me !" So I put tip." with - all my heart, a serious petition to his Heavenly Father, for my little son, " lie listened attentively, and, as it seemed, most seriously ) but, just as I concluded, been claimed; with eyes sparkling with mirth : ;i "Good, papa I goodl Now pray again pray again ! Go it Knickerbocker. . " ' . '' Amarrlage has justcomeoffin Syracuse, which was the result of.an advertisement inserted in J the New;York papers. Jhe advertisement was wpliedto-.by a Syracuse lady, pictures and let-, tere were expbaoged," finally a meeting took place result, matrimony n$ a tvipdication of .theadyertUing sVstemi-: i' A beautiful woman; once said to Genera Shields,-who, bye-the bye. is an Irishman : 1 a-a - a il a. -- - . . . uvw is it, uiac navinw . uhtainfirt bo m uch glory, you still seeV for more V.' it, that still put yu wuo haTe 80 vaueh beauty, sliould on tfe .Vt -Vv - m.u, luttuwu, - ap repuec, .-now is .i ...