Newspapers / The Raleigh Register (Raleigh, … / July 23, 1867, edition 1 / Page 2
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rmm o cWtmo' TrftjMrt, Jniy 13.1 I ' THE HARVEST Ot . LAROE YIELDS Of NEARLY ALL CROrs hftxif.u. ' It U now an ascertained fact that thc c rop i,a Iwon fmthcred and is 1 VJk " aavw ---- ' I now gathering in the United States is gen- erally the largest and best which iia ever i of I teen raised in this country. Tho cotton, augar, rice' and tobacco crops give prjomiae of a larger yield than has been knownj since ' 1860, while the corn gives a assurance that I It will exceed in amount that of any pre- vious yield. There is no material blessing equaling in value this general success of all I .rrnVnUiiral imxliirts. ' Its benefits I arc direct and reach cverv human being in MUUa V wit...-..-- I ' - I the land. I TV,o i.rofltli nf wliint sown this vcar in I all Darts of thc country is greatly in excess I of any previous year, and the crop has reached a successful harvesting more free I from casualties of all kinds than lias ever 45 ... I . been known. The wheat, both Winter and Spring, will be not only abundant, but of a superior quality. This will be cheering news to consumers, and will liirhltcn the hearts of thousands to whom bread has of late been I , .almost a luxury. The fruit crop of every I kind will be a large and fine one. We have I already enjoyed the smaller fruits, which have been both plenty and ot a gooa quality, i while the apple and peach! crops promise I like abundance. ' The aggregate value of; thc general crop of the United States may be estimated by I taking that of 1860 as a standard of an j average yield. In that year the yield of the I leading articles was as follows Cotton. . ..2,154,820,800 pounds. Wheat Corn Rye Oats.. Barley Buckwheat ...... Potatoes Butter... Cheese . . 173,104,924 bushels . . 838,792,740 bushels. .. 21,101,380 bushels. .. 1 72, 643, 18. bushels. .. , 15,825,808 bushels. 17,571,818 bushels, .. 111.148,07 lrtishels. 459,681,372 pounds 103,603,227 pounds. Rice 187.167 032 lnounds.tl Tobacco ... 434,209,464 pounds. Cane Sugar 230,982,000 pounds. Hay..,., 18,838,642 tons. It is true that in some portions of the Mis sissippi Valley the cotton and sugar planta tions have suffered seriously from the over tiow of the rivers: but, notwithstanding? this fact, the general crop in those articles will be at least equal to that of 1800. All over thc Southern States there has been, this year, an unusual great attention paid to the growth of cereals, and this fact will not only relicve the districts which llllVC bed! (lis tressed by the want of food, but will indi cate to those people the value and impor tance of applying thc hand of productive industry to the whole soil, in a variety of crops, instead of hazarding all things upon thc success of ,a single product. luese ngurcs snow uic extent oi me crop of 1860. That was seven years ago, since ' . 1 i it 1 111 1 11 J 1 A I wmcn time uic orcaaiu o iana acvotca to agricultural products lias vastly increased m au parts oi-uion on u. inc prices or an ai ji a i. ji xnesc prouuets nave auvjaneeu somewnaL An csumau. oi uic vaiuc ox uic crop or 1867 may be reached by adding : to the nuiouui, pruuuecu in iou, texeepi oi uuwon and sugar,) forty per cent, and computing the increased quantity by the ruling prices. Thc vast ; sum produced, by this calcula tions is so much actual wealth added so the national capital ; it is a contribution by na ture to the industry of tJie people ; it is the product of tho lalxr of the agriculturist. It will do much to relieve thc finances of the- country, and will relieve the money market. It will be of special value to the people of thc South, They have had little or no money since xncwar; nicy nave not oeen , able to employ the labor they wanted because it - . . ii iii - tncy nad not' the money to pay lor it. An -l A i 111 1 il .' aouuuaui. crop wm puicu money in uicir hands, with which they can recruit their siock anu cmpioy goou laoor at uic wages but in the second, the farmer, now getting of good laborers. Labor being paid for fairly started, finds that he must employ ex according to its value, thc conditions and tra hamh to lielp ,lim t.ultjvate the "same industrial habits of thc freedmen will be qaantitjJof land. Thc gras3 at length ap directly benefited. in thc thir(l and tl t WH,WU luv "l "U1 uuu UW-XM 01 XT 1 J.1 . a. 1 . r i t i,i xovemuer, . voiume oi actuat wcaun will be added to the national canital : it . 1 ' represents so much gold, but is more indis- pensable than gold. lu""u "l KTVy 111 1TO 11UVI UllllUUllUU, UUIUUIJUtL'S UJISO lO U like increase in countless other articles. Thc grass crop of this year, which, perhaps, will surpass any of its predecessors, indicates an increase of pasturage, and consequently of fat beeves and other live stock. The corn crop points to an immense addition to the number of hogs to be slaughtered. The product of thc garden show the general ' bounty of nature, and from countless sources will bemadded thc contributions from thc crop of 1867 to thc-aggregate wealth of thc country. " FEVERS AND FRUITS. f ctfs have a little talk about orchards and gardens as life preservers. Many a farmer thinks tic "can't fuss about a garden'' with vegetables' and small fruits in ample variety, hardly about an orchard, especially beyond apple trees. So he goes on to weightier mat ters of grain, or stock, or diary, and cats po tatoes, wheat bread, pork and salt beef all summer long; no fine variety of vegetables, no grateful berries, no luscious peaches or juicy cherries. By October fever comes, or bowel com plaints of some kind, or sonic congestive troubles, most likely, llci is laid up, work stops a month, tho doctor comes, and hd "drags round" all winter, and the doctor's bill drags too. Thc poor wife, meanwhile, gets dyspeptic, constipated, has fever, too perhaps, and she just .crawls round." What's thc matter i They don't know, poor souls Would they build a hot fire in July and shut the' doors ? ( Of course not in their rooms; but they have done just that in their poor stomachs. How so ? They have been eating all summer tho heat producing food fit for a cold season, jbut not for k- warm one.. Grecnlander can eat can dles and whale fat because they create heat In January we are up toward Greenland in, climate. ; Ai Hindoo lives on rice, juicy fruits, ana truftc vegatabls cooling and opening to tUc vgtl.m. ia July we move toward lhn- doostan in a heat almost tropical. Pitt mutjt change, too. Have apples, pears, cher- ricsi etc.. frum thc orchard every day, of early and late kinds. Let there We plenty -good vi-gcMine, raspiwrrics. siruwi rns etc.! It takes a little time and trouble, but it is! the cheapest way to pay the do-tor's bill. And, bless your dear souls, these things taste good. ou study what is good for jpigs and cattle. All right ; but wife ana children are f higer consequence . and it s a shame if, with all our great gifts of intellect and intuition, wc do not obey thc Divine laws in our own physical being so well that ' thejdoctor shall visit thc house less than the horse doctor irocs to tlie barn. Don't fail of vegetables, bcrnesand f.uts. try it, ana you 11 say we haven t told halt-the truth. Rural .W. Yorker. Front tho New York Mercantile Journal WORTH CAROLINA RESOURCES. Wheh- canvassinir the capabilities and prospects of the Southern States, the natural v ' tendency of almost every one is to think onv ()f the ricli cotton, sugar . and tobacco raising regions ; but a little more compre- hensive range, of thought would most pront aiy embrace the timber lands of North Car oliha, as well as thesunny fields that lie near er to the Gulf. In all ur national domain, there is no where a country more interesting for variety of scenery, climate and production, and none to which; the gaze of the emigrant from our Northern States or Europe could be more ju dicious! vf directed. Timber of the finest kinds, tide -cereals, thc ordinary and the pre ciaus metals in abundance, belong to nearly every portion of the State Newborn, and its vicinity have, for three or four yi'ars past, been the nucleus of North ern settlement, and wc bcirin to hear the b?9t results. Thc immense cypress forest Ialong that favored coast, begining to be cle velopcd py skilled and experienced lumber men, attracted thither all the way from Maine ly the splended promise of such a field of untold wealth in their line of busi ness. Ojie of the oldest and most sagacious of Ithese jwoodland pioneers, with whom di- rCf t communication was had but a fw days arA through our Newbern correspondence, ancaks of thc timber he has seen there as thc finest he ever beheld. The woods contain numbers' of trees from 8 to 10 feet in diamc- tcK and imnnv attain thn mpasnrr.mi.nt of Sfi feet in circumference. The size of shingles made is from 5 by to 7 by 24, and the price for tinihjcr varies from $1 to $2 per thousand or"20 to 25 per cent, on thc shingles. It is tfue that thc cypr?ss swamps lying alone: the banks of the larger streams have 1)Wm c.uftivatcii ,l,ut there arc innumerable :i,.a ni.i .r.i,;i. -, i vi ftu iiiiv.li. t,i ni in-im i i iiiv i till, i l 1 1)ri1M.val forcsts 8tantl untouched, and 8Ccminiri to invite the busy hand of capital aad cnt4rnrise- it is with olcivsure that we i anticiiaie. from thc checrim? accounts now rcacliin us of explorations set, on foot by 8ohie of lour keenest "path finders," of thc Atlantic! coast. Jibrisk accession to this branch f business during the the current year. The results of search and settlement will, beyond a peradventurc, be so ample that papulation, and with it the demand for vaiied kind of labor, must rapidly increase in that noble section. Thc siil of the North Carolina timber swamps is a rich alluvial from 2 to 3 feet cldep, and is capable, when cleared of pro discing hnniense crops of corn, cotton and pqtatoes. , The pioneer opens his parallels of . i attack IjV" girding" the large trees during thc fit Seasou, cutting his drains, clearing out thc; umiergrowth and applying the I gnj.-binif hoc to plant his corn. Through oltt the first year no grass grows has in the meanwhile, during leisure hours, I i ' ' worked kip many of llis cvprcg9 trccs into , , , . , ..... siingies;ana roots nave rottea out, he can C()lnmenjCC his ploughing. Siich lands as w9 havd just described are now for sale in thte Nebern district at from $5 to $15 per acie, and the .actual experience.of the vicini ty is that an industrious man, who purchases one hundred acres, can within two years ob tain shiagles, staves, &c., enough to balance the whole, amout of the original purchase money: ; Moreover when the clearing is com plete, thc land will produce from 50 to 75 bushels ! of corn, or 400 pounds of cotton per acre. iOne of thc finest sections to which the fore going remarks apply, lies between thc Neuse and Pamlico rivers, and a few years ago wfis considered a worthless swamp. Now many fijie farms are- scattered through the region, nd substantial lumbermen and cul tivators from different parts of the country are exploring and settling there continually. At no distant day it will be one of our finest grain and cotton growing domains. Atrthc ame time the cultivation of all kinds of fruit could be carried to perfection, the list of tjhose that can be raised abundant, and of tW finest quality, embracing the pride of thc middle and Southern States. On the sandy tracts close upon the coast, the grape culture has been started by many new plan terp, some old residents and others new to the soil. The enterprise promises both fruit and wuic f the choicest, and he work has but to lie (conducted by experts in order to add a gfand staple at once to South Eastern production. Iicsc; arc but a few of the novel phases pirescntcjd by North Carolina progress since the war and the ocular verification of far more than wc have described is within two or three idays' sail or railroad ride from New York. :To GIltre Scratches in Horses. Tell your subscribers who have horses which are troubled with scratches, to try a simple rem edy, viz;: Keep the fetlock clean with cas tie soapsuds, and wash twice a day with buttermilk. Give them a good rubbing at eaicft "tune. - 3 SUPREME COURT OF XORTH CAROLINA. " . ' -. In our last we published the opinion of Chief Justice Pearson on the following cac, and by request, we this week give the opin ion of Judge ltcade. Associate Judge : piriUJPH r. hook ek. I propose to consider only so much of the case a involves the question whether Con federate Treasury notes, which were paid for the land, were an illegal consideration. For, very clearly, if the consideration was illegal, the contract will not be enforced in in this Court. I shall treat it as a dry h-ynl question. A contract is not void merely because it tenth to promote illegal or immoral purpo ses Ililliitrd on Sales, 376 ; Armt:-onj vs. Toler, 11, Whdat 258; Story's Conflict of Iaiics, 258. A contract for the sale of a house and lot is not vitiated by the fact that the vendor knows, at the time of making it, that the vendee intends it for an immoral or illegal purpose. Annfield vs. Tate, 7 Ired. 259. A sale of goods is not void although the seller knows that they are wanted for aii illegal purpose, unless he has a part in the illegal purpose HotVjeon vs. Temple, 5 Ta rent 181. In which case Mansfield, C. J. says : "The merely selling goods, knowing that the buyer will make an illegal use of them, is not sufficient to deprive the vendor of his just right of payment." In Dater vs. Earl, 3 Gray Massachusetts Reports 482, thc Court says : 'If the illegal use to be made of the goods enters into the contract and forms the motive of inducement in the mind of the vendor or lender to the sale or loan, then he cannot recover, provided the goods or money are actually used to carry out the contemplated design; but bare knowledge on the part of the vendor that the vendee intends to put the goods or mo ney to an illegal use, will not vitiate the sale or loan, and deprive thc vendor of all rem edy for the purchase money. Where gooas are bought trom an enemy, even in his own territory, by a citizen of the United States, the sale is valid, and the price may be recovered, although the- act might be a misdemeajnor and thc property liable as a prize Cool id gc vs. Inylee, 13 Massachusetts Reports, 26. Authorities are abundant to the same effect. It will be seen, therefore, that a contract is not void because there is something im moral or illegal in its surroundings or con nections. And yet it is equally certain that a contract is void when the consideration is illegal or immoral. What, then, is the cri terion '. Probably the following cases will show thc dividing line : Goods were sold to a man who intendend to smuggle them and defraud the Revenue, and the vendor-knew of the design ; it Avas held that the contract was valid, and that thc vendor could re cover the price Ilolmon vs. Jotmou, Cowper, 344. But goods were sold to a man who intended to smuggle them and defraud the Revenue, and the vendor not only knew of thc purpose, but put them up in a particu lar manner so as to enable it to be done; it was held that the contract, was. void, and that the price could not be recovered -Brbjg vs. iMirrenec, 3 Tern Reports 454. Now what is the difference between the two cases? None! except that in the latter case it was a part of thc arrangement, and entered into the intent of the parties that thc thing should be done. All these author ities show that the intent of the parties to accomplish the illegal thing is necessary to vitiate the contract; and, therefore, iu thc case before us, unless the intent of the jiar ties in their contract, was to aid thc Rebel lion, the fact that it did it, (if it did,) by giving currency the notes, does not viti ate it. It is not pretended that thc Confederate Treasury notes were of no talue. It is con ceded that they were of value, and "that, at thc t inic of the sale in 18C2, less than two dollars of thc notes would buy one dollar of gold. But it is contended that although of value they were illegal. In what sense were they so ? In no case can the thing, used as a consideration, of itself and independent of the intention of the parties, invalidate thc contract if the thing be of value: unless, perhaps, by express Statute. There is noth ing which may not be turned to mischief in its use, as poisons, deadly weapons and the like ; but still they are sufficient consid erations to support contracts, unless it be the intent of the sale to do mischief. The case of Randon vs. Toty, 11 Howard U. S. Reports 593, is very strong in point. In that case Africans had been imported and sold as slaves, which is forbidden by law. The vendor brought suit for the price of one which he had sold; and the defense was that the consideration was illegal. The Court says : "The plea that the notes were given for African negroes imported into Texas after 1833 is unavailable. On the ar gument here, it was endeavored to be sup ported on the ground that the notes were void, because the introduction of African negroes into Texas was contrary to law. If these notes had been given on a con tract to do a thing forbidden by law, un doubtedly they would be void. Neither of the parties had anything to do with the orig inal contract, nor was their contract made in defiance of law. The crime committed by those who introduced the .negroesnmto the country, does not attach to those who may afterwards purchase them. As re spects the defendant, therefore, he has re ceived thc full consideration of his notes." And then follows this strong language by the Court : "If the defendant should be sued for his tailor's bill, and come into Court with thc clothes made for him on his back, and plead that he was not bound to pay for them because the importer hud smuggled the cloth, he would present a case of equal merits and parallel with the present ; but he would not be Hkely to have the verdict of the jury or the judgment of the Court." So, in the case before us, it is conceded that it was illegal to issue the Treasury notes, just as it was illegal to import the negroes ; but the illegality is in the issuing in the one case, an4 in the importing in the other, and does not attach to those who afterwards use the thing issued or imported. It was insisted, in the argument before us, that the value of the Treasury notes depen ded upon their circulation, and that the parties, by using them in their contract, aided in their circulation ; so, in the case just quoted, thc value of the importation of negroes depended upon their sale, and the transaction between the ' parties aided their sale, and, in that way, encouraged importa tion. The fact was undoubted true, yet it did not render the contract void. The ille gality consisted in the importation and not in their use after importation ; so thc ille gality consisted in the issuing of the Treas ury notes, and not in their use after they were issued. If balls, which had been shot in battle, had been found and sold, it anight as well be said that tho consideration was illegal, because they had been made for, and used in the rebellion. In Coolidgeys. Inglee, supra, the case was that in the war of 1812, a citizen of the United States bought goods of tho enemy contrary to law, and brought them to the United States and sold them, and, when he sued the- purchaser for Hie price, he set up the defense that it was un lawful for the plaintiff to have bought the goods, and, that, therefore, the considera tion of the contract was illegal; but the Court held the contrary. It i9 absurd to sudoosc that the coods in that case, or the Treasury notes in this, were illegal. Were not the goods precisely thc same as if- they had been bought of a friendly power ? Cer tainly. The goods were not illegal, but the trtuUng with the enemy was.- This is the hist time that this very un Dortant ouestion has come before us for consideration. It has been well anmed and patiently considered. We are not without important aid in determining thc question. It was well considered by the Convention of 1865, and by the Legislatures which have since assembled. The Convention was prompt to declare that the rebellion, and everything in aid of it, was illegal. And it declared void all contracts which were in aid of it ; but it did not declare void all contracts, the consideration of which were Confederate Treasury notes ; on the con trary, it plainly declared such contracts valid .; that all contracts made during the war shall be deemed to be-payable in money of tire value of said notes; and directed thc Legislature to prepare a scale to show, not that said notes were of no value, but to show what their value really was. And the Legislature did prepare such a scale. Now, ,if the defense setup in this case be good, then the Convention and Legislatures ought to have made short work of it, and declared that all contracts should be devmed to be payable in Confederate Treasury notes ; and that such notes were illegal as a considera tion to support a contract, and, therefor, that all such contracts were void. I do not consider the question whether the Conven tion or the Legislatures had thc power to validate or invalidate contracts, but their actions are cited to show that those bodies regarded these notes as valuable, and consid erations to support contracts. We thus have the concurrent opinions of the Judiciary, the Convention and thc Legislature of the State, and an uninterrupted train of decis ions both in England and the United States on kindred subjects, that Confederate Treas ury notes are not illegal considerations in contracts between citizens, unless it was the intent of the parties to the contract thereJaj to .aid the rebellion. Our attention was called to an abstract of a case decided in Tennessee, in which Con federate Treasury notes were held to be an illegal consideration. We regret that we have not the case at large. It seems t have been decided upon thc ground that it was the money of rebels. Suppose it had been the coin of rebels. Doubtless there is some better reason than that. It were an encour agement to rebels and to rebellion to ex onerate them from a performance of their contracts, because of their participation in so great a mischief. If the Judiciary could be influenced at all by this consideration, it would hold them to a more rigid perform ance of all their undertakings. As a Court, we neither favor not oppress rebels, but hold'the scales of justice even. But we for bear further comment, lest we do our sister Court injustice. IxiroRTAXT to Distili.krs. Many per sons are laboring under the impression that the distillation of fruits into liquors is not taxable under the revenue laws. For the benefit of all such, Ave copy the following paragraph from the Revenue Law of the United States, by which it will be seen that every person, distilling or manufacturing liquor from fruits, is liable to be taxed for it. This extract is from the last law on Revenue, and will be rigidly enforced : Sec. 79, paragraph 16. Distillers shall pay one hundred dollars. Every person, firm, or corporation, who distills or manufactures spirits, or who brews or makes mash, wort, or wash for distillation or thc production of spirits, shall be deemed a distiller : ProrufxJ, That distillers of apples, grapes, or peaches, distilling or manufacturing fifty and less than one hundred and fifty barrels per year from the same, shall pay fifty dollars; and those distilling or manufact uring less than fifty barrels per jear from the same, shall pay twenty dollars. Sale of Spirituous Liquors by AroTii: ecariks for Medicinal, Purposes. The Charleston Mercury says that it is authorized to state that, under General Orders No. 32, an apothecary may sell spirituous liquors for medicinal purposes, not to be drank on the premises, upon the written prescription of a regularly practicing physician. This information was received in a reply to a , communication addressed to General Sickles from that office, and will relieve' the doubts of a large number of persons. It was expected that such would be the con struction of the order, but is a gratification to be able to make announcement in an au thoritative form. w INTERNAL REVENUE DECISIONS. An alien who resides in the United States, and is therefore liable to a tax upon "his annual gains, profits, and income, is entitled to the exemption of $1,000 of that income in the same manner and under the same cir cumstances as a 'native-born or naturalized citizen. The keeper of a hotel, inn, or tavern is liable to special tax as such of his annual gross receipts exceed $1,000, regardless of the amount of his net proHts. Every person who sells, or offers for sale, any distilled spirits, fermented liquors, or wines of any kind, whose annual sales, in cluding sales of other merchandise, exceed $25,000, is required to pay the special tax as a wholesale dealer in liquors. Its not sufficient for one who sells in the same shop distilled spirits, &c, to an amount not ex ceeding $25,000 per annum, and "other merchandise " in addition, to an amount not exceeding that sum, to pay two special tax esone as retail dealer, and the other as re tail liquor dealer, if his combined sales of liquors and other merchandise exceed $25, 000 per annum. He should be required to pay a special tax of $100 as a wholesale dealer in liquors. A dealer may purchase and sell agricul tural and farm products at the place of busi ness designated in his special tax receipt without thereby rendering himself liable as a produce broker; but if a dealer, or any member of a firm of dealers, not having paid special tax as commercial broker, Cat tle broker, or peddler, travels about the country purchasing such products in the manner of a produce broker, he should be taxed as a produce broker if his sales do not exceed $1 0,000 per annum ; if his annual sales exceed that sum, his liability is that of a commercial broker, both as to special tax and the tax of one-twentieth of one pei cent upon the amount of his sales made else where than at his place of business as a dealer. A manufacturer of bureaus may deduct from the entire gross amount of sales thereof the actual cost of marble tops and looking glasses used in their construction, provided, a tax has already been paid upon the tops and glasses, but no other deduction should be allowed. " The amount paid out for usual or ordi nary repairs "may be deducted from income, but no deduction can be made for any amount paid out for new buildings, perma ment improvements, or betterments made to increase the value of any property or estate. Amounts expended by the purchaser of a building in repairing injuries which occur red thereto prior to his purchase, are so far as he is concerned, " betterments made to increase the value " of the property, and should not be allowed as" reductions from his income. From the Daily Sentinel. CHA Til A M RA ILROA I). The annual meeting of the Stoc kholders of the Chatham Railroad Company was held at the office of the Raleigh it Gaston Road, in this city, on Monday;. Geo. W. Mordecai, Esq., of Raleigh, was called to the Chair, and Maj. W. W. Vass acted as Secretary. Gen. W. R. Cox, President of the Com pany, reported verbally, and satisfactorily, to the meeting, and concluded by reading an interesting letter from Colonel W. McL. McKay, President of the Fayetteville and Florence Railroad Company, urging the advantages of connecting the Chatham Railroad with Joncsboro on the Western Railroad, and aiding the building of the Fayetteville and Florence route. After an interesting discussion, the following resolu tion was adopted : Resolved, That the Stockholders entertain favorably the proposition of Col. W. McL. McKay, President, that the Chatham Rail road shall, by a branch crossing Cape Fear river near Haywood, connect with the West ern Railroad at Joncsboro, provided a con tract can be made with the said Western Railroad Company, giving to the Chatham Railroad Company the privilege of laying a track by the side of their track to the Gulf, or having the use of their track on reasonable terms. Gen. W. R. Cox offered the following res olution, which was adopted : Rewlced, That the Board of Directors of the Chatham Railroad Company are hereby instructed to take all necessary steps for the purpose of securing the ratification of the State's subscription to the Company. By Dr. J. W. HaKvkins : Resolved, That the President and Treasur er of this Company shall receive such com pensation for their services as may hereafter be directed by the Board of Directors. The Stockholders proceeded to ballot for seven Directors, resulting in the election of W. R. Cox, Geo. W. Mordecai, Dr. W. J. Hawkins, Tlios. Webb, W. H. Williard, J. M. Heck, and Julius A. Gray. The Stockholders' meeting having ad journed, the Directors held a meeting and re-elected Gen. W. R. Cox, President, and W. W. Vass, Esq., was continued asTreas urer and Secretary. Retail Dealers. The Commissioner of Internal Revenue has addressed the follow ing letter to the Collector of the 2d District North Carolina : r. Treasury Department, Office Internal Revenue, Washington, I). C, July 9, 18G7. Sir In reply to yours of the 27th, ult., you will suspend the collection of the tax imposed upon retail dealers of liquor wherev er they have been compelled to discontinue their business by the recent order of Gen. Sickles, until further instructions from this office are given you concerning the same. Very respectfuUy, (Signed) E. A. ROBBINS, Commissioner. To L. G. Estes, Esq., Col. In't. Rev. 2d Dist, N. C. WilraingtOB, N. C. CONGRESSIONAL. Washington, July 18, Senate. A joint resolution was intro duced extending the Steam Mail service to China. Thc committee on Foreign Relations was directed to enquire how many Mexican soldiers were executed under Maximilian's decree. Mr. Wilson introduced a resolution laud ing the Mexicans. Referred. Tha consideration f Indian affairs was resumed. A bill finally passed providing for a commission to obtain peace, if possible ; otherwise four thousand border soldiers are to push the war. House. Mr. Schofield offered a resolution directing the Secretary of the Treasury to withhold the payment of the three million dollars for cotton claims awarded by the court of claims. He said the claims could be examined by the proper committee next session and paid by appropriation if found correct. Passed. A resolution authorizing thc committee on Southern Railroads to proceed by sub com mittees passed. Mr. Robinson asked leave to introduce a preamble and resolution to remove the tax on raw cotton. Messrs. Addison and Benja min objected. A resolution sympathizing with Candia passed. Mr. Bingham sent to the clerk's desk and had read thc following telegram received by himself to-day from Gen. Sickles : " Thanks for your handsome reply to Mr. Eldridge. You may relieve his anxiety with the consoling information that my equipage has not cost him or any of his friends any thing. The said equipage being the cher ished gift of my colleagues of thc third army corps." Mr. Logan offered a preamble and resolu tions which passed, reciting and j ielding to the general rumor, that armed expeditions are being organized in this country against the Republic of Mexico, which is at variance with the wishes and feelings of all good citizens of the United States, and contrary to the established public policy; and respect fully requesting the President to issue a proclamation requiring all proper officers of the United States to prevent such unlawful organizations being formed, and warning all persons who depart from the United States on such expeditions that they will forfeit all rights to protection under the laws of the United States. A substitute was offered for the Senate bill guaranteeing equal rights in the District of Columbia ; striking out the word "white" whenever it occurred in the charter, ordi nance or laws. Passed. July 19 Senate. The House amendment allowing negroes to serve as jurors was adopted. A joint resolution from the House nullify ing the decrees of the Court of Claims was severely denounced by Mr. Trumbull. Mr. Sumner introduced a resolution to strike the word "white" from the naturali zation law's. Referred to the Judiciary committee, i The vetomtssage was read ; the bill passed, notwithstanding the veto, by a vote of 30 to 6. The nays were Messrs. Buckalew, Bayard, Davis, Hendricks, Johnson, and Patterson, of Tennessee. The Chair announced that the bill was a law. The reconstruction appropriation bill was passed over the veto. Thc Senate passed a resolution to adjourn to-morrow at 3 o'clock to the first Monday in December, by a vote of 22 to 15. The latter figure representing the impeachment clement in the Senate. House. The Assassination committee was allowed to take evidence by sub-committees and administer oaths. A committee of five was appointed to in vestigate the Paymaster's Department. The preamble and resolution alleges fraud. The veto was received. The message covers three columns, and argues elaborate ly the inconsistencies and unconstitutionality of the act. Alluding to the declaration that the State governments are illegal, he says: "A singu lar contradiction is apparent here ; Congress declares these local State governments to be illegal governments and then provides that these illegal governments shall be carried on by Federal officers, who are to perform the very duties imposed on its own officers by this illegal State authority. It certainly would be a novel spectacle if Congress should attempt to carry on legal State Gov ernments by the agency of its own officers. It is yet more strange that Congress should attempt to sustain and carry on an illegal State government by the same Federal agency." With regard to title by conquest he says : "It is a new title acquired by war. It ap plies only to territory, for goods or movea ble things regularly captured in war arc booty, or if taken by individual soldiers, plunder. There is not a foot of land in any one of these ten States which the United States hold by conquest, save only such lands as did not belong to either of those States, or to any individual owner. I mean such lands as did not belong to the pretended Confederate States. These lands we may claim to hold by conquest. As to all other land or territory, whether belonging to the States or to individuals, the Federal gov ernment has now no more title or right to it than it had before the rebellion." ,-. The message concludes : " Within a period less -than a year the legislation of Congress has attempted to strip the Executive Depart ment of the Government of some of its essential powers. The constitution and the oath provided in it devolve upon the Presi dent the power and the duty to see that the law is executed. The constitution, in order to carry out this power, gives him the choice of agents, and makes them subject to his control and supervision. . But in the execu tion of these laws the constitutional obliga tion upon the President remains, but the power to exercise that constitutioiwl duty is effectually taken away, The Military Com mander Is, as jto the power of appointment made lO laite ue piace oi iue .rresiaent, ami the. General i of the Army the place of the Senate, j An any attempt on thc part of tl16 President to "jassert his own Constitutional power, may, under pretence of law be nut by official insubordination. It is to be feared that these military, officers looking to the authority given by these laws, rather than 1 1 the' letter of the Constitution, will recpgniZ;. no autlijority but the Commander of the Dis trict, and the General of the Army. If there were no other objections than this to this proposed legislation it would bo sufficient. Whilst I hold the chief execu tive authority of the United States whilst, the obligations rests upon me to see that all the laws are faithfully executed I can never willingly surrender that trust, or the power given for its execution. I can never givuiy assent tabernacle responsible fur the faithful execution of the laws, and at the same time surrender that trust and the powers which accompany it, to any executive officer, high or low, or to any number of' executive officers. If this executive trust, vested by the constitution in the President. is to be taken from him and vested in a subordinate officer, thc responsibility will be witKCongrcss, in clothing the suhonli. nate with unconstitutional power, and with the officer who assumes its exercise. This interference with the Constitutional authoitiy of the Executive Department, is an evil that will inevitably sap the founda tions of our federal system ; but it is not the worst evil of this legislation.. It is a great public wrong to take" from the Presi dent powers conferred upon him alone hy thc Constitution; but the wrong is imm flagrant when the powers so taken from the President are conferred upon subordinate Executive officers, and especially upon mili tary officers. Over nearly one-third of tin States of the Union military power, regul.i ted by no fixed law, rules supreme. Kadi one of these five district commanders, thougir not chosen by the people or responsible to them, exercises at this hour more executive power, military and civil, than thc pcojih have been willing to confer upon the head of the Executive Department, though cho-eii by and responsible to themselves. The remedy must come from the people them selves. They know what it is, and how it i to be applied. At the present time they cannot, according to the Constitution, rejn ;il these laws, they cannot remove or control this military despotism. The remedy, never theless, is in their hands. It is to be found in the ballot, and is a sure one. If not i,i trolled by fraud, overawed by arbitrary power, or from apathy on their part too loin: delayed, with abiding confidence in tie ii patriotism, wisdom and integrity, I am still hopeful of the future, and that in the end thc rod of despotism will be broken, lh armed rule of power lifted from the net k of the people, and the principles of a viola ted Constitution preserved." Immediately after the reading of the nu--sage, the imjjeachcrs made a strong effo: t. Boutwcll, Butler and ot lid's, characterized the message as defiant. Mr. Stevens said they were urging; tbj.1 matter in vain. There are hidden agencies at work, there are invisible powers at work, in this country, which will prevent impi'arh ment. I repeat, that any attempt to im peach the President will be-vain and fjiriih'. Mr. Wilson, Chairman of thc Judiciary committee, denounced Mr. Stevens" insinua tion, asserting that no amount of political pressure should throw him aside from the discharge of his duty to law and fact. Aj i plauscj from the Democratic side. Mr. Stevens, without reply, demanded i vote, and the bill passed 109 to 24. The wto of the reconstruction approjiria tion bill was read and passed by a vote ni 100 to 22. A resolution was passed, forbidding I'lC President to remove the district command ers, without the consent of the Senate, unit- the General of the army recommended it. LIENS ON CROPS. The following letter explains itself : Headq,'rs Second Military District, i Charleston, S. C, July 10, 18G7. Sir : In reply to the inquiries you ni .ki in behalf of certain foreign and northern capitalists, 'I am directed by the Command ing General to inform you that by G nend Orders No. 10, dated Headbuarters Second Military District, Charleston, S. C, April 11th, 18G7, it is provided, "That all advances of money, subsistence implements, fertilizers, loaned, used or re quired for the' purpose of aiding the agri cultural pursuits of the people, shall be pn tectcd. And the? existing laws which hai provided the most efficient remedies in such cases for the lender will be supported and enforced. Wages for labor performed i" thc production of the crop shall be a lien mi the crop, and payment of the amount due for such wages shall be enforced by the like remedies provided to . secure advance d money and other means for the cultivation of the soil." The local civil law formerly gave the landlord of leased lands a superior lien. By par IX of General Orders No. 32, dat-'J Headquarters Second Military District, ::"!'' May, 1867, the remedy by distress for n i t i abolished, thus removing the lien of t i iV landlord which has been hitherto i:'1' mount r ' ! , It has been the purpose and aim of the Commanding General to establish such reg ulations as would promote the security, ecu omy and thrift of apiculture and t.-vh. or : Appreciatinz as he does the advantage .f permanent and certain guarantees where. capital is concerned, it is not to 1c npi-iv-hended that any of the orders heretofore i sued to promote these desirable objects, will be inconsiderably modified. On the same basis advances of subsistence are made iu certain cases to impoverished planters in tin Carolinas, by the Governtoent of the United States. i -j Very respectfully, (Signed) J. W. Clol"", Capt. 85th Infantry. A. A. A. G. Mri JJ. J. Wilkins, No. 12, East Bay, Char- lestonJ o, C.
The Raleigh Register (Raleigh, N.C.)
Standardized title groups preceding, succeeding, and alternate titles together.
July 23, 1867, edition 1
2
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