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T E E S 0 -U T
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180
SELECT POETRY:
THE aA&RIAGE VOW.
Speak it not lightly tis a holy thing,
A bond enduring through long distant years,
When joy o'er thine abode is hoveling,
Or when thine eye Is wet with bitterest tears ;
kecorded by an angers pen on high, : -
And must be questioned in Eternity. )
Bpeak it not lightly though the young and gay
. Are thronging rnund thee- now with tones of mirth,
Let not the holy promise of to-day
Fade like the clouds that with the morn have birth,
But ever bright and eacred may it be,
Stored in the treasure cell of memory.
Life -may not prove all sunshine- there will come
Darkhonrs for all-O will ye when the night
Of sorrow gathers thickiy round your home,
Lore as ye did, in time when calm and bright
Seemed the sure path ye trod, untouch'd by care,
' And deemed the future, like the present, fair ?
Eyes that now beam with health may yet grow dim,
And cheeks of rose forget their early glow ;
Langour and p.-in assail each active limb,
Atadjay' perchanee some worshipped beauty low ;
Will ye then gaze upon the altered brow ?
And Jove as fondly, faithfully as now ?
Should fortune frown on your defenceless head ;
Should storms o'ertake your bark on life's dark sea ;
Fierce tempests rend the sail so gayly spread,
When Hope her syren strain sang joyously
Will ye look up, though cloud your sky o'ercasi,
And say, "together we will bide the blast,?"
Age with its silvery locks comes stealing on,
And brings the tottering step, the furrowed cheek,
The eye from whence each lustrous gleam hath gone,
And the pale lip, with accents low nd weak ;
Will ye then think upon your life's gay prime,
And smiling, bid' Love triumph over Time?
Speak it not lightly 0 beware, beware !
"lis no vain promise, no unmeaning w ord,
Lo, men and angels lit the faiih you swear,
-' And by the Higi and Holy One 'lis heard ;
Othen kneel humble at his altar now,
, nd pray for strength to keep your marriage vow.
LADIES' DEPARTMENT.
HOME. .1
Let what will be saiel of the pleasures of society,
'there is after all "no place like Home." HoV
beautiful are the relationships of Home ! Low ex
quisitely touching to the feelings All are linked
to each other by the most intimate and endearing
ties; husband to wife wife to husband ; parents
to ehjtdren children to parents;-brothers andsis-
ters to sisters and brothers: a power like that of
electricity seems to run through the family group,
so that-one cannot enjoy pleasure without the oth
ers participating therein, one cannot sorrow but all
must mourn, nor one be honored but all must
share the joy.
' And, as home is that place which has the strong
est ties upon the feelings, so is it the place in wb,
woman has the power of exerting Un
the greatest degree. This is trU(J and
station the duties, of 1 J v i i
,, . .rcine are peculiarly lieis:
and let it riot b" r,V , " , , . . . IT
thought that in assioningr Home
. -.e Appropriate sphere for her action, we are as-J
signing her a mean, and an ignoble part. It is, in
truth, far otherwise. The sphere of her operation
may be a limited. one; but, as many rivers make
up the ocean's w aters, so the conjunction of many
homes makes up the world; and therefore, in per
forming her duties at Home, she is performing her
part in the world at large ; and as a man carries
with him through the world those same habits and
feelings he gathered in: his Hume and as these
habits and feelings are principally derived from the
influence of woman- woman in .'performing her
Home duties takes a vast t-hare hi the concerns of
-the community. .
- In the days of ignorance, it was'thought that to
give women education would only unfit them for
the duties of "II'-me; but, instead' o this, educa
: lion, in place of lessening, adds to the zeal fur per
forming them, arid when most enlightened, then are
duties performed with the greatest readiness, and,
l the same time, with the greatest prospects of
success.
A strange miscalculation was. made by those
who held that to keep woman in ignorance would
secure the best chance of having household duties
properly performed. They never reckoned that it
is at Home all the principles are imbibed which are
carried into the world; and thus, that if ignorance
reigned in every household, ignorance must be the
great thing carried into the woild at'large.
- The influence of woman extends through all the
concerns of life, and this influence is acquired at
' Home : therefore, is incumbent upon her that she
discharge . her duties with the most scrupulous
care. Let ber not think that the things of Home
' are of trivial importance they are far otherwise ;
for they affect the sphere of every man's actions
' whether fiigh or low :and in well regulating a
household, and performing her duties with assidu
ous care, a woman raav be .the instrument of the
well-organization' of a parish, her country, or the
: world..
Whatever it may be in other countries, to an
Englishman is there the sweetest melody in the
word Home. All his ideas of happiness are con
nected with his Home; and especially is this true
r- of all those who are in any w ay connected w ith the
concerns of life. "With the exception of those to
whom Providence has assigned uch a portion of
wealth, that they .need not exercise any powers
either mental or physical,' to procure subsistence
all look to Home as the centre from whence a
: their happiness is to diverge : and from the highest J
to the lowest, this statement holds good all look
to Home for happiness. And if ' this be true, how
much depends upon woman, particularly on those
who are placed in the relationship of wives, moth
ers, or daughters !
Look, for example, at that man whose deeply
marked brow proclaims a heart ill at ase, arid in
i whose every feature we can trace that care dnd
trouble are pressing heavily upon him. Would
you know him ! he has hitherto stood high in the
ist of British merchants he was but a short time
Bince possessed of affluence, but, bv a series of dis
asters, his property has crumbled away. All his
speculations have turned out disastrous, though
conducted with conummate skill and prudence:
his crop have been blasted, and his ships wrecked;
and the failure of others, too, have crippled iuo
i ; -
self, and now, after years of honourable industry,
he sees nothing but ruin and bankruptcy as his fu
ture portion. But, nevertheless, his energies are
not entirely crippled, though his means of using
them are restricted, and he is endeavoring to turn
the wreck of his property to good account. And
thus battling with difficulties,; and struggling man
fully to get the upper hand even when pressed
down with this weight of woe, he spends the day ;
but so many things arise to dishearten and dismay
him in this unequal struggle, (that, with feelings of
despondency well-nigh bordering on despair, he re
turns home in; the evening. But no sooner does
he enter,, than he finds himself surrounded by kind
and faithful hearts, who, though they can doT'little
to lessen his burden, yet make it supportable by
solicitude and kindness. He reads in the counte
nances of an affectionate wife and lovely daughters
a desire to lose ail, could they but see him happy
and a wish to lighten the cares which press down
his heart, by transferring them, to their own. The
world, and its cares then lose much of their bitter
ness ; lie knew not before how tenderly attached to
him were his family. He seems to escape from the
perplexities of life, to forget his cares and troubles,
aud to have entered a brighter and happier sphere
by merely crossing the threshold of his own dwell
ing. And when the morrow comes, he goes with
renewed energies to his conflict with the world ; and
his endeavors are crowned with such success, that
he is enabled still to maintain liis position in socie
ty, though with impoverished ! means and scanty
finances. And now comes the most trying time.
His present resources are totally inadequate to
support his former opulence of life. In place of the
splendid house in which he has formerly dwelt, one
with fewr rooms and more scanty apartments is
taken ; the rich and costly furniture, which would
ill suit his present mode of life, is parted with, and.
the luxuries and indeed many of the comforts
of Ilome are given up. And these privations are
cheerfully submitted to by the female portion of the
family; they live as contentedly' and happily in the
straitened and scanty apartments as they ever did
in the opulent and roomy. There is no murmur
that the dresses are not so c;stly as they have hith
erto been, and that the dismissal of the servants
has caused many duties to devolve upon then
w hich they had never .been accustomed to perform ;
but all seem ready to take their jart in the general
sh-are of domestic duties, and to! contribute to the
general happiness. And now, too,4n order to save
as much as possible the scanty revenue, the boys,
in place of completing an education of -literary
attainments, are sent to push themselves forward in
the worid; and by this arrangement Is opened a
way for the power of their sifters' love to be shown
in a far greater degree than formerly it could have
been. Woman s Worth.
The Akt of Arranging the IIaik. How of
ten do we see a really good face, says Blackwood,
made quite "jjly by a HlteJjUetirJhiesT'
the hair is, pi s'led into the cheeks, and
squared at the forehead, so as to give a most .xtra
ordinary pinched -shape to the face. Let the oval,
where it exists, be always preserved ; where it
does hot, let the hair be so humored that the de
ficiency shall not be perceived. Nothing js more
common than to see a face which is somewhat too
large below, made to look grossly large and coarse,
by contracting the hair on the forehead aud cheeks,
ind there bringing it to an abrupt check ; whereas,
such a face should enlarge the forehead and elieekj
and let the hair fall partially over, so as to shade
ai:d soften off the lower exuberance. A good
treatise, with examples in outline of the defects,
would be of some; value upon a lady's toilet, who
would wish to preserve her great privilege the
supremacy of beauty. Some press the hair down -close
to the face, which is to lose the very charac
teristic of hair ease and freedom. "Let her locks,"
said Anacreon, "lie as they like: the Greek gives
them life and a will." Some ladies wear the hair
like blinkers ; you always suspect they wiil shy if
you approach them. A lady's head dress, wheth
er in a portrait or for her daily wear, should, as in
old portraits by Rembrandt and Titian, go off into
shade, not to be seen too clearly, and hard all
round : should not, in fact, be isolated, as if out of
sympathy with all surrounding nature. The wigs
of men of Charles II.'s time had at least that one
merit of floating into the back-ground, and in their
fall softening the sharpness of the lines of the dress
about them.
A Fact for the Ladies. According to pre
sent appearances,in the Virginia Penitentiary, there
is no such thing as crime amongst the females of
our State. There are two hundred and sixty-four
male convicts-at present in that institution, and not
a single white female. This is a fact worthy of
record in the annals of our State. It speaks vol
umes in favor of theATirginia women. In numbers
there is scarcely any disparity between the men and
women of the State; and the laws which apply to
one apply to the other, in all criminal cases. Con
sequently, the females may claim to be 264 times
better than the males.
We feel inclined to make a comparison between
this and other States Of the Union, on this subject,
more particularly in reference to the Northern peni
tentiaries ; but, as comparisons are said to be odi-
ous, we will only remark that no other Stateoutof
the thirty-one can, we believe, make a similar
boast. Enqu i rer. '
Truth. How beautiful is truth ! Like the sun
smiling out amid the angry storm like the bright
fstars shining through the heavv niijht-cloud like
friend clasping the hand of friend -like heaven
upon earth, and God in man, is Truth. Precious
and priceless ! Dearer than smile of friend, love
of parent, or pomp and fame.
Cake without Bctter. Take five egfrs, and
the weight of three eggs in sugar, and two in flour ;
when the eggs are well beaten, gradually add the
sugar, and then the flour, with a little grated lemon
peel, or a few caraway seeds. Bake in a tin mould,
in rather a quick "oven.
r
Never resent a supposed injury tiil you know
the views and motives cf the author of it. On no
occasion to relate it.
Always take the part of an absent person who
is censured in company, so far as truth and pro
priety will allow.
Never show levity when people are engaged at
wttfship.
YOUTHS'
From the Child's Paper.
"I should like above all things to be famous,"
cried a little boy one day in ray hearing.
" And what should you like to be famous for !"
I asked.
" Oh,' for almost any thing," was his answer, and
I did not think much of it, for there is a bad sort
of fame, and a great many ways to get it. Now
the truth is, all the fame that is worth having has
to be earned by hard labor, and hard labor in the
pursuit of some noble end. See how it was with
Newton, and with Henry Martyn, and with Wash
ington. See how it was also with Harvey, who is
famous for having discovered the circulation of the
blood, and thus brought about a new era in medi
cal science.
William Harvey was born in 1578, nearly three
hundred years ago, in the town of Folkstone, Eng
land, and while a little boy showed a great thirst
for knowledge. He loved his books, and took great
pains f understand and to master the most difficult
lessons. After leaving college, which he did at the
age of nineteen, he travelled in France and Ger
many for the sake of adding to his stock of knowl
edge, and then studied medicine at a celebrated
university irr Padua. The studious habits of the
young Englishman won the respect of the profes
sors, and he graduated with honor to himself and
his country. On his return home he settled in
London, where his industry and ability soon gained
him a large practice ; and his patient study of the
human frame led to one of the most remarkable
discoveries of his ae this was the circulation of
the blood.
Almost every body now knows that the heart
sends the blood all over the body by a set of tubes
or. pipes called arteries, and that another-set called
veins bring all the blood back again which is not
needed and used to make flesh, and thus the blood
is in constant motion throughout the body. It was
Harvey who first brought to light this interesting
fact. , Before his time, the arteries were supposed
to be air vessels like the w indpipe, and it was sup
posed the veins did all the business of carrying the
blood. In examining the veins, Harvey noticed
that those! which went from the heart were provid
ed with a set of nice little valves, which readily
opened to let the blood into the heart, bu which
shut up and stopped the blood flowing back into
the veins. " Here is a curious contrivance," thought
Harvey ; " it means something which I will studv
to understand ;" and he went to work to find some
other vessels whose office it was to take the blood
from the heart over the body, for it was evidently
only the duty of the veins to bring tback again.
He discovered this to be the rffice of the arteries ;
and he also found they were provided with valves
opening out from the Jieaftmlike." those "of" the
vei''a ttmg up if the blood flowed back
again to the heart.
He tried many experiments and made very search
ing investigations before he was sure of the facts:
for the doctors of that day laughed at him for it,
and disputed with him, and talked against him.
But they could 'not deprive him of the fame of his
discovery, which soon spread all over Europe ; neith
er could they destroy his reputation in the" eyes of
all thinking men. The king, Charles I., made
Harvey's acquaintance, and was delighted with him;
for king Charles, loved to lay aside the cares of the
crown for the pursuits of science. When Charles
was driven from bis throne and quitted London,
Harvey went with him, resolved to follow the fal
len fortunes of his prince. Some of the doctor's
enemies secured this opportunity-to plunder his
house in London, and what was always afterwards
a source of grief to Harvey, they burnt his library
an many valuable papers relating to his scientific
researches, which neither love nor money could re
store. But Harvey long outlived the coolness and op
position with which his views were at first received,
and enjoyed an honored old age, highly esteemed
by all the first men of his time, who wqre ready
to give honor to whom honor was due, and his
name will always be famous as one who has rend
ered important service to the cause of science and
human good. He died in his eightieth year; and
it is said that his modesty and discretion, those
qualities which give a lustre to true worth,
were only equalled by the patience with which he
pursued his studies, and the earnestness with which
he defended the truth; r'
"Naked Tkuth." The late eccentric John
Holmes used frequently, in his addresses todiffierent
juries, to explain the meaning of the phrase "naked
truth," by relating the following fable:
Truth and Falsehood traveling one warm day,
met at a river, and both went to bathe at the same
place. ' Falsehood coming first out of the water,
took his companion's clothes and leftliis own vile
raiment, and then went on his way. Truth corainr
out of the water, sought in vain for his own proper
dress disdaining to wear the garb of Falsehood.
Truth started, all naked in pursuit of the thief, but
not being so swift of foot has never overtaken the
fugitive. Ever since he has been known as "Naked
Truth." '
From the Child's Paper.
THE STORK'S LESSON.
BY MRS. SIGOUENEY.
See the stork laborious tending
Onward through the vaulted sky,
'Neath those aged pinions bending -That
had taught his own to fly.
Still his parents' burden bearing,
Patient o'er the trackless way ;
Fondly for their comfort carta
Never wearied night or d;iy. . . - '
Father, when thy head is hoary.
When thine eye is dim wuh shade,
Will it be my pride and glory
Thy declining steps to aid 1
Jlother, when thy spirits languish,.
When thy strength and youth "are spent,
Shall I seek to soothe thine anguish
Thee who o'er my cradle bent ?
-
Ever tireless, kind and tender,
Shall I watch lest they are grieved ?
And the same affections render
That I once from them received?
Blessed lesson gentle teacher,
May it not be lost on me,
Lest a simple winged creature
ShVHild mj Just repttJver be. L. H. &
DEPARTMENT
Extract from a recent Address of the Hon. Wm.
C. Rives, before the New York Agricultural
Society. j
Britons of every class, iu the language and ac
cording to the precept of their rural poet, " vene
rate the plough." A taste for agriculture and the
love of country life, are the predominant attributes
of the national character. . Whether a banker
amasses a collossal fortune, or a modest tradesman
gets a little beforehand-in the world, the ambition
of both is to be a landed proprietor, and lord over
stone and the mechi, because equally the patrons
and promoters of agricultural implements. The
throne itself obeys the universal passion, and notto
speak of the laudable example of tl e present,;
Prince consort, who has established one of the best j
modl farms of England, it is well known that ouri
former liege lord and master, George III, affected j
no title more than that of Farmer George, and ;
that he actually contributed papers for Young's
Annals of Agriculture, under the homely name of ;
Ralph Robinson, (who was his bailiff,) farmer of
Windsor. i
I need not recall the long list of illustrious Eng-
lishmen and Scotchmen, both commoners and no
blemen, from Sir Anthony Fitzherbert, Justice of
Common Pleas in the reign of Henry VII, and
author of the first English Treatise on Husbandry,
to Sir John Sinclair, the friend and correspondent
of Washington, and author of that great work,
the code of agriculture, and who has signalized
their zeal and their services in the same favorite
cause. But in glancing at this instructive list, I
have been too much struck with the connection be
tween English liberty and English love of rural
pursuits not to venture a single remark on that
point. Burke, in his letter to a member of the
French National Assembly, in 1791, attributes the
ill success of their efforts to found a stable system
of constitutional liberty to their never keeping the
holy rest of. the Sabbath, and never enjoying the
quiet of the country, lie says, "you never, ijve
yourselves timet to"'" cool. You never go into the
country soberly and dispassionately, to observe the
effects of your measures tn these subjects."
That sobriety and calmness of mind, and with
out which the grave and reasonable duties of free
men can neves be properly discharged, I shall not
pretend .to say is the exclusive attribute of the
country.
But all will-admit that the. retirement of coun
try life, and its remoteness from scenes of excite
ment, are, in a peculiar manner,v favorable to the
tranquil and undisturbed exercises of the moral
and intellectual faculties of man. Of this, Burke
himself was a most striking example, for it is the
and not the orator of St. Stephen's, that always
sperks with the highest wisdom and authority
from his immortal pages. But was Edmund Burke,
the great orator and statesman, it willfbe asked,
really and truly a farmer? That he was in the
fullest sense of the term, both practically and the
oretically, any one who will take the trouble of read
ing that most admirable paper of his " Thoughts
and Details on Scarcity" presented to Mr. Pitt, in
1795, will be thoroughly satisfied. It exhibits a
minute acquaintance with all the operations of
practical agriculture, and an exactness of observa
tion and detail fn regard to his own system of hus
bandry, which could be the result only of familiar
practice during the seven and twenty years that he
says he had been a farmer. This is a part of the
history of that extraordinary man, whose profound
political wisdom and magnificent eloquence have
been the admiration of the world, that has hither
to attracted but little attention, but which, recalled
by the incidental mention of his name, is not un
worthy of remembianee here to-day. Indeed I
know ' nothing in the history of the human mind
more remarkable than that combination of high
philosophy in the most abstract questions of legis
lation and political economy, with practical saga
cious knowledge in the ordinary concerns of hu
man life, which the paper in question exhibits :
and one rises from its perusal filled with a species
of amazement at the compass of the human fa
culties, and perplexed which most to admire the
armer-statesman or the statesman-farmer.
If agriculture has been so much honored and
cultivated in other great and powerful States, dis
tinguished by their free mstitutions, it must be yet
more so in this land of western liberty and pro-
gress. in tne nrsipiaee, mere is no oiner country
in which so large a proportion of the population en
joying competence and possessing adequate means
for the liberal exercise of the arts, are engaged in
the labors of agriculture. In England, according
to the most authentic statistical returns, somewhat
less than one-third -of the industrious inhabitants
of the country are so employed. In France, on
the other hand, where the subdivision of handed
property has been carried to a very great extent
under the encourage1: ent of positive legislation, as
well as the influence of traditional habits, it is es
timated that two-thirds of the whole popula
tion are actually engaged or interested as land
lords and proprietors, in the pursuit of agricul
ture. But great as this proportion is and accompanied
in so many cases in that country with straitened
resources, which forbid any general attempt at an
improved husbandry, it is yet less than the relative
number of our own people, shown by the latest
complete data in our possession to.be employed in
the operations of agriculture. The full details of
the census of 1850, not having been given to the
public, we can only refer for information on this
point to that of 1840, from which it appears that
out of the total population then existing in the
United States of a little more than seventeen mil
lions, an effective 4,629,307 persons were employ
ed in the pursuits of agriculture, manufacture and
commerce, and of that number 3,719,951 persons,
or 80 4-10 per cent, were engaged in agriculture,
791,749, or 17 1-10 percent in manufactures, and
117,607, or 2 5-10 per cent in commerce.
Though these proportions may have varied some
what since, and will doubtless continue to vary in
a greater or lesser, degree from time to time, yet
notning is more certain than, that for ages to come,
agriculture must be the chosen occupation of a Iarre
majority of , the republican people of America.
lhe vast extent of our territory, now stretching
from ieatoiea, aua (embracing tweQty-Ujree te-.
grees of latitude of the temperate zone, from the
Lake of the Woods to the mouth of the Bio Del
Norte, and as yet very thinly peopled, make this,
by an irreversible law of political economy," the
manifest but peaceful destiny- of the country,
abounding in cheap and fertile lands, with a ra
pidly increasing and liberally consuming population
at home, and an extending toramerce with the rest
of the world to absorb its productions.
Vicious Cattle. The common " vice" of jump
ing and throwing fences is taught to cattle, with
scarcely an exception, by their owners and caretak
ers. Fences half down, soon fall by the rubbing of
cattle, and teach the first leson, especially if cattle
have any shrewdness in observing cause and effect.
Very fine feed just over a poor fence, is the next
lesson : letting down bars and rail fences to the
calves, from laziness, so that the animal has to leap,
is the third lesson and this last is often fiist, sec
ond, and third with sheep, until they will scale
anything. These three lessons are usually enough ;
but a fourth is - often added, namely, placing one
additional rail on the fence each successive day, as
the' become more skilful, for the ostensible object
of keeping thev jumper within bounds, but really
operating as a most ingenious contrivance to teach
the art of vaulting. We have heard of French
being " taught in six lessons ;" but very few animals
require more than the above four to enable them
to take "French leave" cf any ordinary enclo
sure. Country Gentleman?
POPULAR CHEMISTRY.
Why is alum used in making candles ?
Because it gives firmness to the tal!ow
Nitre has-very recently been applied to the im
proved preparation of candles, by steeping the cot
ton wick in lime water, in which is dissolved a con
siderable quantity of nitre. By this means is ob
tained a purer flame and a superior light ; a more
perfect combustion is ensured; snuffing is rendered
nearly as superfluous as in wax-lights ; and the
candles thus made do not run, or waste. The
wicks should be thoroughly dry before the tallow
is put to them. Brewster's Journal, 1829.
Why is sugar refined by boiling the syrup in a
vacuum, or place from which the air has been ex
cluded ?
Because this, and all other liquids, nre driven off,
or made to boil at lower degrees of heat when the
jatmospheric pressure is lessened or removed. Thus,
the process for refining sugar is to dissolve impure
sugar in water, and after clarifying the solution", to
boil off or evaporate the water again, that the dry
crystallized mass may remain. Formerly this evapo
ration was performed under the atmospheric press
ure, and a heat of 218 or 220 was required to
make the syrup boil ; hy which degree of heat,1
hewever, a portion of the sugar was discoloured
and spoiled, and the whole product whs deteriorat
ed. i The syrup, during the, process in vacuo, is not
more heated than it would be in a vesseP merely
exposed to a summer sun. The vacuum is pro
duced and maintained by air-pumps driven by a
steam engine, or otherwise ; or by the direct admis
sion of steam, which, after expelling the air, is con"
densed into water. Arnott.
1 By this process more money has been made in a
shorter time, and with less risk and trouble, than
was ever perhaps gained from an invention !
j Why do some springs petrify objects by their
spray ?
: Because their water is impregnated by means of
its carbonic acid, with a large portion of carbonate
of lime, which it desposits on issuing into the air.
At Clermont, in France, there is such a spring, where
Mr. Scrope saw the stuffed skins of a horse and a
cow, birds, fruit, flowers, tc. undergoing this petrify
ing process. Its incrustations have also formed ah
elevated natural aqueduct, 240 feet in lenoth, and
terminating in an arch throw n across the stream it
originally flowed into, 16 feet high and 12 wide
' Why is it conjectured that there is a difference
between solar and terrestrial heat.?
Because the rays of the first pass through glass
without heating it, while the rays of the latter are
stopped by the glass, which becomes hot when
opposed to them.
Why is heat called latent ?
Because, when heat liquefies a solid, or converts
a liquid into vapour, the liquid or the Vapour is 'Jo
hotter than the solid or liauid from which it.
produced, though a great deal of heat has been ex
pended in producing this effect, and has actually
entered into the substance. Hence it continues to
exist in the product, maintaining it in its new state
without increasing its temperature, and is thus
latent or hidden. This great discovery was made
by-Dr. Black, who further proved, that when the
vapour condenses, or the liquid freezes, this latent
heat js again given out from it.
Why does iron become red-hot by hammering?
Because of the condensation of the metal bv the
force of the blow. Air may also be condensed by
pressure, so as to set tinder on lire.
Why does ice, wlten heated, become water and
the water, when heated further, become steam?
Because the continued addition of heat gradually
increases the mutual distance of the constituent
atoms of the ice, and their cohesive attraction is
overcome ; till, at length, the atoms are repelled to
fnirmiTT rinnn rrT mr tt-i nnnnt n
MtUWLfiUuE run m VwVuk
still greater distances, and the substance is convert
ed into steam ! Abstraction of heat causes return
of states in the reverse order; the steam when cool
ed, becomes ice. ,
Why does a pint of water, when converted into
steak, occupy nearly 2000 times the space of the
water?
Because the heat merely produces a repulsion
among the paticles, and by no means fills up the
interstices. Arnot'..
Why does a loose bladder, tied at the mouth, and
held before a fire, gradually swell and appear fully
inflated?
Because the small quantity of air contained
the bladder is then so much dilated by the
heat,
that jt occupies a considerably increased space, and
fills the bladder, of which it before ' occupied only
a small part
Why does hay, if stacked when damp, take fire?
Because the moisture elevates the temperature
.-! :." p .-
suujcieuwy w pruuuee puireiaction, and the ensu
ing chemical action causes sufficient beat to con
tinue the process; the quantity of matter bein
&& great, tUe heat is proportional.
TUMOROUS
One peculiar feature of our 'w, ,
e i t- ' "'larit,:..:
or oi tropical annates some n . 1,1
i "UMim t
and some on the of.hfr .!:;.. i vit
. - , lrtlc r
erner a hw le auacu, is the cust. .
the West Indies, Brazil, and
1 a
fecas.;0! ,,.
Southern states, of the little desc.
set ii J
running about in costume a la
for (.befell. Wf liouirl c n
er day, when a trolor presented his
ment as he was forced to plank t!0Wn A"
er, that the good old fashion Wouj
cessfully introduced. A longtime ?'V'
of a little incident w hich we think lia ' "
ed in print, and w hich seemed tost,;; I"'1
ludicrous. ' 'i
A ladv from Ger.rm-i o. .
cotton and courtesy, politics, j,jne
TtPSS !lfier .ttiWflilir .. 1 '1
'"I'tv
an.;
em towns, -invited her hostess to
In. the course of time she-did so. j ' ' '
her stay with her hospit ble cnterta.,!'
a young eoony appeared to wait
" clothed with nakedness," which sc.
1 1 it X' , i
UN
to shock ipe rsormern matron's noti,Krt
The kind hostess seeing her crnt'
guessing the cause, instantly ordered the
youngster out, and to dress himself befof
undertook to wait upon the table. X1
su w; giiuucu J", .iiiissus," ailj ,
exactly comprehending the meaning
'part.
him, unheard of order. Now his i a.
were somew hat vague, and as for his w
tailor hadn't yet sent it home ; bin ,
given hinr a cast off stock, one of ta,
H11),.
when high stocks were in. fashion
'iJVij'J!,.,
ball, wishing to obey orders as i
ie.tr
a-1,
ner as almost to preclude the pus-il,i;'itv
anything lower than the ceiling, and mar
the -room "as proud as a Broadway dandy v
latest cut, paid for suit on, reported lr!;" . '
entered all "smiles and simplicity
here I is, dressed and ready."
Light II
101.-K
AMATEUR 'ACTING.
The Abolitionists having been
bringing about direful tragedies very o!t, ,,!, ,
over, in viqw of their recent success ii, .
" '"- "i tin; nauoiiai in mis CUV, ii iy,; j,. ,. J
o f. tl, V . 1 .1 . ,
eaou trying their hands at a dnmiu. Y.,
" Uncle Tom's Cabin" is to be- played
lowing cast. It will be a rich treat. T,
will be got up regardless of expense, a::, LL
pan, Esq., of this city, is to surperinton.1 ;;.
don't know yet where it is to be play. J.
follow ing is the 'cast.
" Uncle Tom's CaboC
Uncle Tom, (a pious negro) Mrs. II. B.
Si. Claire,'-- - - - . . rj.. j
Gumpton Cute, - - Mis Lu v v
Fletcher, . - - Mrs. 11. !. :,.
n rr
vjeorge uarns,; - .- - NgoviKT Tr I
Legree, (one who whips everthing)
i Key. Antoinette L. Ik-
Wilson, J- - - Mrs. Lucruia I
Perry, - - . ' Mrs. H.K.1L
Eva, an interesting child, Mr. C. C. buk
Topsy, a colored person,
Eliza, (almost white)
Crazy Cassy, . - ---Ophelia,
aq old maid,"
Emeline, 1 -
Fred. I' :;
Wendell '!:
W. L la::,
Horace ii.
Rev: Mr. I
Iiev?Mr. Hijjs
Maria, -
-imo nrjJicaciitciLioii w lie rein uie i;tiies repier:
male parts, and vice versa! "HI be another triw
for Woman's Rights. ' Oh, this dramatic
will beat the conventions during the--early r
September, by long odds. The ladies "en I
er"and the gents in '"woman's clothes. Ib
be fun and progress combined. Pick
VERDANT.
. Among the wants in the Herald last wed,
noticed one with this heading :
"A good vegetable and fruit gardener ii m;
ed, &c" '
Now, we think a man must be botli'lt3
mellow to answer for any such application, i
r 1 id t.fir,i.Af..in t 4 ! , . . . . V . . " .1 i i
accordingly leave it in the hands of sucJj.ve
further comment. Pick.
A young woman, on alighting from ast;cyM"
ped a ribbon from her bonnet in the bottom -f
coach. "You have Udt, your bow behind,'"
lady passenger. "No I havn't he's gone:
ing," innocently rejoined the damsel.
SiS" "My dear fellow,, said Beau 'Hickman fc J
waiter in a hotel, " I have respect lor tries ;
I may say I am fond of flies but I like t?(
them and my milk in separate glasses ;' ihev s
'
so much better when you have control of
gradients."
A Yankee has invented a machine '
will churn. : round rlolua onA rmmn F'i
7 -". J i j
:n :n jl. rrui tea.
i. n v. ii vuujjictc will 111 I IK. Mlo CO", 5" '
whip the children.
NEWS.
The "India-rubber question," is
11 CD lie
sti
stretch. .
Fir the Southern Wllypi
MYTHOLOGICAL ENIGMA. .
BY A DEAF-MCTE.
To young Students in MyAolo'Jll
I am composed of 15 letters. .
peophrwith the sweetness of their music, .-.
then devoured them.
Mv 2 119 a. to .1 ..r offfnnst Satop,
wilt
i
the assistance of his brothers.
My 3, 9, 12, 4, a goddess worshipped at fame,
in
supposed to preside over women.
My 4, 2, 9, was goddess of revenge. 5
My 8, 13, 2,' 6, 5,8, priests of Bacchus, half w
half goats,
My 10, 13, 5, 8, 15, 4, 7, was a prou-J
challenged in music by Apollo.
My whole is one of the. most prosperous
useful Institutions in North Carolina.
Answer to Enigma in last week's pI'e
Btjsbkb.
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