1 j.tS-v '
L ; .. :: ! -
fyou
i Mi l ' ' -K:
... . . IwiU of whiskey
They are very apt at learning dMCV"
which i taught bygone of e
a waltz wuicu w
officer, of UeuU De H'
,....4 v u: vears after, to be very com.
j m-rL-ablVeIl performed. In the
mon and remarkaoiy r
lower settlement, in Greenland you will b in- j
rited to a ball almost every night.
"Among the Northern tribe some oftfieir.
ustonrt are most inhuman. At ape Alexan
der in 78 deg. 20 min. North, there are about
thirty "Esquimaux living in seven families. One
of these consisted of a young man anu www ,
who had two children, the youngest of which j
was weak and sickly ; so they made a grave j
and laid the child in it and covered her with n :
stone. This is the way in which they get rid
of the aged and feeble. But whatever may be 1
their failings, from religion or from custom, cx-!
ce'pt in the most Northern portion of Greenland j
'free love" finds ;no favor with tne Jtsquimaux
women. When married they are true to their
husbands, and unmarried, they are true to them
selves. They cherish the memory of their
friends. One of the officers of Lieut. Do Ha
ven's expedition was greeted on his return to
Leively in the expedition of Hartstein by the
gentle Sophie Broberg with a kiss and a raptu
rous exclamation of delight, lie broughthoroe
VnWo;rt&ai4tfr and her siJ7reeTiian(i,
educate55?open haven. The
photograph is faint, for the sun in Greenland is
weak, still it gives a good idea .f their features
and dress." Another officer ha a small Daguer
reotype of six of the Leively belles.
Mineraloov. An officer of the expedition
' tihowed us some specimens of minerals which
he had collected at various places.. 1 he rock
near where the Advance w as frozen in its syeuite
with some greeu tone and trap. 'In Jat. 78
. deg. 15 min. Norcb.," long. 74 deg. 45 min.
Wesi, quartz pebbles were picked up, some of
them with a rose tint. In the same place was
found a curious friable which seemed to have
been burned. AtUaroe island coal was found
apparently of recent formation. Tht grain of
the wood was still perceptible, and it was inter
spersed with small masses of a very pure rosin.
. The supply was limited iu depth only bv th
frost, and w.i.h so loose that it could be shovel
ed up without difficulty. It was found to burn
well. At Pond's bay pebbles of variegated
sandstone were found. From Possession bav
green granite was brought and pebbles conside
rably "agatized.
The New York Journal of Commerce gives
some interesting episodes encountered during
Dr. Kane's search.
At one tim-i it .became necessary to send a
fatigue party with provisions, to assist the main
party under Dr. Kane, in an attempted passage
across Smith's Sound. This party was under
the command of Mr. Brooks, first officer of tl.e
- expedition. He was accompanied bv. Mr. Wil
sod and other volunteers. During their trav. 1
. they found the ice completely iutpen'trabie, and
a snow drift at last swept wildly over the floes,
and in the nridt of a heavy gale from the
North, the thermometer, to their dismav, sunk
to fifty-seven degress below nam. Human na
ture could not support the terribl cold. Four
of the party, including Mr. Brook and Mr.
. Wilson, were prostrated with frozen feet, and
with great difficulty throe of their companions
after encountering great suffering, reaihed the
ship and announced the condition of their com
rades. Their chances of being rescued seemed
extremely small. They were in the midst of a
wilderness of snow, incapable of motion, pro
tected only by a canvass tent, and with no land
marks by which their position could be known.
Even to drag these maimed men would have
been, under ordinary circumstances, a work of
difficulty, but to the slender party left at the
ship, it seemed, to be impossible. Dr. Kane,
with the boldness and courage which justified
the warm attachment felt towards him bv alj
under his command, in less than one hour or
ganized a rescuring party, leaving on board only
those who were necessary to receive the sick, and
started off in the teeth of a terrific gale, steer-!
mg by compass, to rescue the sufferers. After
nineteen hours' constant travel, during which
two of the party fainted, and others required to
be kept from asleep by force, they struck the
trail of the lost party, and finally, staggered
under their burdens, one by one reached tent,
which was almost hidden by the snow.
The scene, as Dr. Kane entered the tent, was
affecting beyond description. . The party burst
out into tears. A blubber fire was immediately
built, pemmican cooked, and the party ate for
the first time after leaving the vessel. Ice was
also melted, they having been to this time with
out drink. VVorn out as they were but four
r hours were allowed for the halt. The maimed
: of 'the frozen party were sewed up in buffalo
robes, placed on sledges and dragged along bv
their companions, Dr. Kane walking in advance,
Eting'the track. Cold of the utmost severity
agaiu overtook them. Bonsall and Morton, and
y even the Esquimaux boy, Hance, sunk upon the
mow with sleep. It was only by force that
they were aroused and made to proceed, as the
cold seemed to have destroyed all conception
of danger. A large bear met on their way,
was fortunately scared off by Dr. Kane, by the
simple waving of his hand. They reached the
ship after a walk of sixty-two hours, still drag
ging their companions behind them, but insen-
sible. Dr. Hayes, the intelligent surgeon f
the bip, from whom we obtained the particu-
Urs of this fearful adventure, received the re
; rturning party. ' Two of the number ,died of
their injuries, and twp others underwent ampu
tation, who are now restored to perfect health.
The condition of those who dragged the sick,
waa u ost lamentable. Their memory for a
time was entirely gone, and the ship, in the
midst of muttering delirium, resembled an hos
pital. The surgeon and one remaining ' atten-
dant were in sole charge of the ship. In this
state of semimadness the sick remained for two
or three days, but afterward they entirely re
covered, and the party under Dr. Kane started
tHree weeks afterwards, and resumed their labors
n the field.
Intrepidity like this has never been surpassed.
" is spoken of with emotion, even now, by the
stoutest hearu in the expedition.
Those .that advertise grea wheels of
ui.mii Business. Try it.
9
-h
ORlGlMfc 'POETRY. -
Tor the Southern Weekly Post
SONG'Ofc THEdJTTIE GIBL-
As I walked by the hills, . '
I heard a robins song ;
Upon a little bough he sat.
But did not tarry long.
Afar beyond, the hills,
He flew as free as air,
To see the beautieffer away ;
But I still Hngjr there,
At this, I felt quite sad, -
For I too, fain would go,
To see the beauties far away,
i
i
Where sweet, wild flowers grow.
As on the bird I thought,
I still more cheerless grew ;
For I felt weakeriar than e'er.
As o'er the hillCve flew.
fn vain, I wishedto go'
Like him, as freeag air,
u er mns ana
1 lt . J I - A
To,see wh:
G.
Mount Pleasan
WHO IS THE TETJE FRIEND OF THE
SLAVE?
The recent horrible tragedy at Richmond, the
full details of which were given in the "Express"
of Monday, simultaneously with the Richmond
popeiy, is ot a nature to call for. more than a
passing notice at the hands of the Southern
press. It was a tragedy, indeed, of low life, and
the unhappy victim of the wretch, who after
wards destroyed him-e;f, was a negro slave. -The
circumstances, abhorrent enough in them
selves, were j et not more singular, or ti ore atro
cious than those attending other murders of
which we have read, or that have occurred with
in our recollection in the same city. But we
feel bound to regard the fiendish crime as one
of greater importance to Southern societv than
any that has itcently transpired, Wcaiie it giew
out of the interference, on the part of the Nor
thern people,' which has tor years been syste
matically pursued, with iiu; question of negro
slavery. It is one of the legitimate fruits of a
wholesale plan of robb-ry, carried on under the
gu:se of benevolence, by Northern aholtionists,
and we d sire to notice it in this point of view,
wherein it teems to us to assume a mafrnitude
it might not otherwise present.
There can be little d-ubt that the murderer,
Aubcrne or Arboukine, or whatever else niaV
br! his name, was the agent of a Northern socie
ty, sent to the South for the purpose of seducing-
negro slaves to escape from .servitude, and
.hat liie ou-e rented by him, under the pretext
of 1.,-ing designed for a restaurant, was really to
s-crve as a rendezvous for runaways, where they
might be secreted, until an opportunity for es
cape was presented. The whole phm was re
vealed some years since, in the case of Blevins
who id fitw confinetT inpfetateiPeni
The evidence upon his trialwent to show that
certainpious and tender-hearted spinsters and
, str -tig-minded women of Worcester, Mass., were
iej,ulariy associated together to effect the ab
duoiion of inpgro slaves, and tlint Blevins was
pa d so much per capita, for all ho c .uld suc
ceed in sending off. W e cannot doubt that a-
luuug im-se lanKee philanthropists., there wer !
S'.nie who thought they were really doing God i
service in this negro stealing conspiracy. And j
there may be o: hers who, at this moment, are.
engaged in the same work, of a similar eomic
tion. And yet we ask them to look at the re
sults of their intermeddling, (to call it bv no
harsher name) as -xiiibited last week in R cli- '
moiid. Here is a negro wlio leaves a kind and
indulgent master, and commits himself to the
protection of a stranger wi o next dav poisons
him ! And can! any one t-ay that Carter wa
the first victim of the fiendish tnalevolence of
these miscreants i IIw many other negroes
may not. have l.e'n .-murdered under ciycum
siances of equal airjcit-y ? We all remember
t e narrow escape of the negroes bom Bed
Boot Smith, attempted to get off by Adams fc
Jo. s Express, five years ago, and who for a con
siderable time wre kept standing on their heads
in a box. Of those, who having successfully es
caped to the Free Stases, afterwards fell an easy
prey to the rigors of an inhospitable climate, or
died by starvation, the number exceeds all com
putation. JN'ow we gravely submit the question
to all reasonable men at the North, which of us
are the real friends of the negro; we who main
tain them under the system of servitude in com
fort and plenty, or you who employ villains to
steal them dead or aiive, and carry them off to
die by penury aud cold ? Mis. Stowe, amono
other infamous charge agaiBst the South, de
clared that it v as customary for masters to af
vertise for their runaway negroes with the pro
mise of reward whether they were brought back
dead or alive but here we see the matter pn
ved oiearly upon Northern emissaries of aboli
tion, that negroes must be stolen from their mas
ters whether it is necessary after waids to kill
them or not.
One thing is plain from this case of Auburne,
that u becomes the authorities of the Slave
States lying along the frontier or the Atlantic,
to redouble their vigilance against the schemes
of these scoundrels. There are such in every
Southern city on ih" Ohio and on the Seaboard,
watching their opportunity we have no doubt
there are some in Petersburg at this moment
let a careful watch be maintained upon all sua
picious intruders from the North, and occurrences
like the murder of Carter may be prevented.-
Huinanity equally with the duty of self-protection,
calls upon us to be vigilant. Pet. Ex.
It may not be generally known that this pre
cious little waif; which was set afloat "long time
ago," is by the author of that nvfach-talked-of book,
44 Which: the Right or the Left?"
I came in the morning it was Spring,
And I smiled ;
I walked ont at noon it was Summer ;
And I was glad ;
I sat down at even it wu Autumn,
And I wai sad;
1 lay down at nnjht -it wu Winter,
And I slept.
sijMtr mere.
: DC"V A" M-D
mm
: :b SS- t a
. From the New-ErigUnd Farmer.
THIRD EXHIBITION. OF THE TJ. S. AG
RICULTURAL SOCIETY.
r The third, annual Exhibition of the United
States Agricultural Society opened in this city,
on Tuesday last, and win continue tnrougu
week. The show is fine,? rally realizing me
high expectations that wiitertained in re
gard to it The number Ofm68 is rer? large'
aU the arrangements are jqae with admirable
taste and judgment, and the grounds are throng
ed by thousands of admiring spectators.
I. '"6KEKAI AKBANGE1CESTS.
The Exhibition is held orfa lot of about thir
ty acres, in the south patiof . the city, which is
enclosed with a board fenjten feet high. The
main entrance is on
HarrisoruA venue, opposite
Franklin Square. As the visitor approaches
the ground from Franklin Square, the first
tiling that attracts his attention is the beautiful
arch which spans this entrance, and which is
supported by two noble towers forty feet in
height OveT these towers "wave the " Stars
and Stripes." :The arch bears the simple in
scription, " TJ. S. Agbicctctubal Society." On
either side of the entrance are'the windows for
the sale of tickets. There are twenty of these
so that no delay need be apprehended in pro
curing tickets. . Furtherouth there is another
entrance, over which a Wnarch has been
erected. Visitors witl tidcetswill be admitted
here aLso.. . Midwa
ese entrance1
whicH v.Tul be"e
ion oi eacii
day's exhibition, to a.
ultitude to retire
from the grounds. 1
When within the enclosure the visitor will
be pleased with the excellent arrangement of
the grounds. On the right of the main entrance
are seats for ten thousand people. These seats
are erected in the most substantial manner, and
are capable of supporting a much greater weight
than it will be possible to put upon them. From
these seats a fine view of the whole field can
be obfaiued. On the left of the main entrance
the stalls for. horses commence, and they and
the cattle stalls are continued round the entire
enclosure, until they reach the southerly end
of the seats on Harrison Avenue. There are
between six and seven hundred of them. The
stalls are all covered over with white duck, and
scalloped fringe runs along the front. This
covering and festooninggives to the stalls a very
neat and pretty appearance. Each breed of
horses and cattle is arranged in a distinct de
partment, which is designated by a large sign
raised over the sttills they occupy.
The ranges for the sheep and swine are erec
ted on the north-east corner of the lot. They
are substantial pens, with roofs to protect the
animals from the weather.-
For the purpose of showing the horses to
the best advantage, a line track, forty feet wide
and half a mile in length, has been prepared.
It is of an oval form, with no sharp corners,
and is rolled perfectly smooth and hard.
The Judges' stand is a large octagon tower,
seventy feet high, with a piazza running all
round the same on the ground line, making
this .floor twenty feet square, and two feet up
from the ground ; this will be occupied by the
representatives of the press. Twelve feet
above, is another floor, with a balcony running
round the same, four feet outside the floor, to
be occupied by the judges. Above this there
is still another story, which will be occupied by
ladies. The tower is arched on every side and
story, and is handsomely ornamented with
brackets, rustics, ballustrades, nd with Ameri-
agS, R ot wtneh surra
r'eextended from the differ
Just south of the tower is aTffllsicStahd.
in the Gothic style. This is occupied by an
excellent band of music.
Four water temples of the sBme style of ar- I
chitecture as the tower,, are erected at different I
point.4 of the green inside the race-track. At !
these the multitude w ill be enabled to slake j
their thirst with the pure Cochituate.
On the green, within the elipse, are several 1
tents. The one which is nearest the main en- I
trance is the President's Reception Tent i
Another tent is devoted to the reporters, and
others are provided for the accommodation of '
ladies. Directly in the rear of these tents, and
in the centre of the elipse, is " Wright's mam- I
moth tent," beneath which the agricultural
banquet is to be held on Friday afternoon. It
is floored, aud will be lighted with gas. The
tables will be spread for two thousand guests,
and there is no doubt that every plate will be
occupied. Among the eloquent men announ
ced to be present are Messrs. Everett, Choate
and Winthrop of our own States and others
from all parts of the Union. With favorable
weather, this banquet will be a magnificent
affair.
Across the track, and between that and the
cattle "pens, is another lage tent, beneath which
Mr. Wright has provided tables and the other
necessary paraphernalia for feeding the multi
tudes from day to day.
On the easterly side of the enclosure, outside
of the range of stalls, is a large wooden build
ing, in which is the Executive Committee's
room, which is furnished with sofas, lounges
&c. In the rear of this,; is a large room m
which are tables for each of the several com
mittees to award premiums. In the centre are
tables sufficiently large to dine three hundred
persons at a time. - Precisely at one o'clock
each day, dinner will be on the table and the
officers of the society, their invited guests, in
cluding the representatives of the Press on the
ground, will dine there. Mr. Wilder, the Pre-'
sident of the Society, will officiate at the head
of the table each day.
OPBSISG or THE EXHIBITION.
The weather was fine on Tuesday", and at" an
early hour, the visitors poured into the vast en
closure, and the scene upon the outside and in
the streets leading to it exhibited an unusual
sjuount of activity. The arrangement, of the
various tents, the trotting course, acc mmoda
tions for the public, and for the large number
of animals which were entered, presented a fine
appearance.
Gen. Tyler, the chief marshal, and a host of
assistants, appeared on the ground at an early
hour, dressed in a neat gi-ay uniform, with a
style of hat of a comfortable character, got up
for the occasion.1 A large police force was also
present, and it is highly creditable to the crowd
who were present, to say, that their behavior
was such as to require no coercive measures to
keep them in good order.
At ten o'clock the bugle sounded the caH fot
the cavalcade, when Mr. Wilder, the president
of the society, announced the exhibition open,
to continue during the week. The cavalcade
was headed by the chief marshal, and formed
an exhibition which no one should fail to wit
ness at some time before the close of the anni
versary gathering. The cavalcade consisted of
eighteen or twenty pairs of elegantly matched
and beautiful horses, singly, in gigs and other
carriages, and about eighty which were ridden
or led, including some ten or fifteen colts.
EXHIBITION OF STALLIONS ANU MARKS.
At 11 o'clock a call was made for the stall
ions, mares, Ac, (roadsters,) for exhibition and
i s wjjjJX p s T
trial of speed. These were driven round the
track twice, the first time slowly, and the sec
ond time at full' speed, j Those who took part
in it were North Horse, owned by Mr. North;
Morgan Empire, James H. Chamberlain ; Bos
ton Boy, Adams- Carpenter; Ethan' Allen, O.
S. Rowe; Black Hawk, J. E. Wayne; Stok
bridge Morgan, John Bullard ; Brom Horse,
diaries Boylsten ; Black Hawk Chief, Edgar
Hill; Morgan Hunter! The quickest time made
was 1.24, (distance one-half mile,) this was
made by Black Hawk Chief Others made the
half mile in 1.25, 1.34 and 1.38.
The next exhibition upon the track was of
breeding mares, many of them with colts. Of
these there were some twenty -five or thirty.
Among those that attracted attention were the
Mary Morgan, of Limerick, Me., 9 years old,
and the Jenny Lind, 9 years old, of Vergennes,
Tt, the last of the Black Hawk breed. There
were also many others which made a fine ap
pearance, and some of an ordinary character.
THE SOCIETY'S DINNER.
At precisely one o'clock a procession was
formed at the President's tent, consisting of
the officers of the Society and invited guests,
and proceeded to the committee rooms, where
an excellent and substantial dinner was in wait
ing, provided by Mr. John Wright, caterer for
tire Society. This dinner is a most excellent
feature of the Society's arrangements one pe-
9vtV.r.to itself, and p-ih evinces the liber-
u rj a -J Between two ana tn.-
hundred geitleaienlS, tl f the
So iety's hospitality. The dining hall was or
namented with several beautiful paintings of
cattle, landscape view s, &c. After the dinner
the list of committees was called, and as far as
possible the vacancies were filled.
EXHIBITION" OF POSIES.
The first exhibition after dinner was that of
Ponies. A dozen or fifteen animals appeared
under this head before the Judges one half of
which at least we should class as good sized
horses. It may be a difficult point to decide
just where the dividing line between a pony
and a small horse lies but in regard to one
- half of those on the track this afternoon the
committee can certainly have no hesitation.
There was one, a little black fellow about as
large as a good sized New Foundland dog, which
seemed to be the favorite of the spectators. The
company cheeied hiin loudly, and in acknowl
edging the compliment he he put his heels
higher than his head and landed his rider, a lad,
flat on the track, while he himself retired into
the green. He was caught and again mounted,
but he was determined not to be ridden, and
after dismounting, his rider again he was lead
oft' the track. A pair of beautiful bay ponies,
attached to a light wagon, were driven by a
young two and a half years aid, a son of Ges
thv Twitcheli., Esq., the accomplished Super
intendent of the Boston and Worcester Rail
road. The young gentleman reined his steeds
finely and seemed to enjoy the sport very
much.
TRIAL OF SPEED.
The exhibition closed with a trial of speed,
. open to all horses that have never trotted for
money ; exhibitors to drive, and be persons
who have never driven for money. Mile heats
in harness, best three in five. The Judges
were David Leavitt, of New York, Paran Ste
vens, of Boston, Lewis B. Brown,, of New York,
Anson Livingston, of New York, H. K. Libby,
of Bangor. First premium, $200 ; second pre
mium, $100.
ineteen .horses. werebrouehtimoiLihelrack
rreiasses oTouTachmrnediately ' following
each other, the parlie drawing for a choice,
one of the horses was withdrawn. It was sta
ted in the outset that no horse would be allowed
to compete for a premium, who had been trot
ted for money. The quickest time around the
track twice, was made by the horse John
Smith, owned by John C. Smith, of New Bed
ford. This mode of trial not proving satisfac
tory, the next heats which were, for the best
two out of three, were carried out by each class
trotting separately. The result of this, narrow
ed the contest down to the Vermont Boy, be
longing to. Mr. Gilman, and the Lexington,
owned by David Benjamin. The time of the
Vermont Boy was 2.40 and 2.36, but on account
of some question relative to trotting heretofore
on a wager, a decision upon the question of the
claim wae postponed until an investigation took
place.
A GLANCE AT THE STALLS AXD PENS.
Among the choice horses it may be naturally
supposed that there are many of the Morgan
and Black Hawk breeds. The Morgan Hunter,
5 years old, belonging to S. D. Barlow, Bran
don, Vt, and the Morgan Empire, 11 years,
George W. Chamberlain, Waltham, each weigh
1100 pounds; Norman, 12 years, F. Whittaker,
South Maiden, 1180 pounds; Morrill, Bulrush,
Morgan and Messenger, 11 years, F. Merrill, Dur
ville, Vt, 1200 pounds. Chester Lyon, by C.
Lyon, imported, owned by William Ellis, Mid
dlebury, Vt 1400 pounds. A pair of matched
horses, belonging to Dr. O. S. Saunders, Bos
ton, weigh 2100 pounds ; a pair owned by Ed
ward Seavy, Boston, 2268, and a pair bv N. E.
Nims, 2400.
Russell, Harrington & Co. have a pair of grey
draft horses weighing-2740, and a pair of white
horses weighing about 2600. These are among
the heavy horses. To mention all which are
noticeable would require far more space than
we have to use at this time.-
The cattle on exhibitiOnoccupy a large space
in the enclosure, and comprise choice specimens
of Durham, Devon, Hereford, Jersey, Ayrshire
and native breeds. It would be difficult among
so many fine animals to single out any without
doing injustice to others.
Romeo, a fine-looking animal, belonging to
Mr. Morris, of Westchester Co., N. Y., a Dur
ham, weighs 2025 pounds. Kirkleavington,
2 3-4 years, belonging to Paoli Lothrop, South
Hadley Falls, weighs 2190.
N. G. Giddings, Exeter, N. H., exhibits a
yoke of working oxen, native breed, weighing
42 0 lbs. A pair of two year old Durham steers.
D. W. Haynes, Readfield Me., weigh 3000.
leavitt and Hunt, Wolfboro', N. H., exhibit a
pair of fat native cattle weighing 5000 ; W. S
Grant, Farmingdale, a seven year old ox weighl
ing 2200, and James Eddy, Swanzey Mass., a
five year old weighing 2760 pounds.
J. M. Drinkwater, of Cumoerland, Me., has a
beautiful grade oxen, six years old, weighing
4200 pounds. A. G. Cole, Buckfield, Me., exhi
bits an excellent pair of Durham steers, three
years old, weight 3150 lbs.; also a large pair of
Durham oxen, six years old, weight 4000. B.
V. French, Baintree, and Hon. Josiah Quincy,
sen. nave, some excellent oxen on the ground.
The sheep and swine also make a good appear
ance. Of the first-named there are the native
Saxon, Silesian, Spanish and French Merinos,
South Down and middle wooled, and of swine,
some very fine specimens of the Suffolk, Essex
and Berkshire breeds.
SECOND DAY WEDNESDAY.
The elements appeared to have entered into
a combination to see how uncomfortable and
dreary a time they could make for the second
mm- m T-vT.y
day of the great exhibition. The storm wmcn
commenced on Tuesday evening, continued al
most uninterruptedly through the night, and
through the entire day. The rain fell m tor
rents and at times the wind blew quite a smart
gale.' Under these circumstances the entire
programme for the day was postponed. During
the day there were no visitors on the ground
except exhibitors and gentlemen serving on
committees- and they were clothed in big pea
jackets, stout boots and mittens. A few of the
more adventurous committee men made their
examinations; but the most of them postponed
this duty until they could have more favorable
. ...
wpnther The owners ot the ammais on bmh-
bition endeavored every way possible to shield
their horses and cattle from the storm, but in
spite of all their efforts, some of them had a
most uncomfortable day. About noon many of
the best horses were removed from the ground.
During the forenoon, the officers of the soci
ety and the committees met in the committee
rooms, where the vacancies on the committees
were filled.
At one o'clock, the officers and their guests
with the committees dined together. After
dinner, Mr. Wilder, the President, briefly ex
pressed his regrets at the unpropitious state tf
the weather, which rendered it necessary to
postpone the programme for the day. But he
urged all to keep up good courage, and said he,
we will come outright yet. "We are here, and
before we go throsgh. This announcement was
received with much applause.
Bond's Coronet Band which was engaged for
the day was on the ground, and took up their
quarters beneath the Marshal's tent, where at
intervals during the ofay they discoursed excel
lent music to a select audience.
THIRD DAY THURSDAY.
The third day of the Exhibition opened with
favorable prognostics. A keen wind which blew
from the west, dispersed the rain-clouds that
lowered so dismally yesterday, and soon ren
dered the exhibition grounds dry and comfor
table. .
As soon as the gates were opened, a continu
ed stream of visitors, began to pour into the
enclosure; and from present appearances there
will be a vast multitude in attendance upon the
exhibition to-day. At an early hour the num
ber of people On the ground was estimated at
over 10,000.
The programme ' assigned for the morning
was deferred until after the entree of the grand
Truckmen's Calvalcade. About 10 o'clock this
noble array began to deploy upon the ground ;
and a most magnificent sight it was ! Dressed
in neat w hite frocks and dark pantaloons, and
..mounted upon generally large and fine horses,
?the manly, stalwart frames of the drivers showed
to the best advantage. We never witnessed a
finer body of workingmen, and the turnout ful
ly maintained the ancient character of Boston
truckmbn. They mustered by actual turnout CI 7
strong, swere marshaled in an efficient manner
by Peter Dunbar, assisted by an active corps
pf assistants, and preceded by the Boston Brass
Band. As they passed the circuit of the track,
their unique uniform- blended grandly with
the general appearance of the thousands of
. spectators lining the sides througout its entire
extent After having twice accomplished the
circuit they retired.
Judging from the crowds that arc actually
besieging the various entrances to the grounds,
to-day's Exhibition must be pronounced most
Jnmued by the Societj-, ana capable of accom
modating 6000 persons, were completely filled.
Around the large area of the race-track, the
crowd was also immense. It is probable that
more than 50,000 persons visited the exhibition
this forenoon.
From the Plough, the Loom and the Anvil.
Country Houses.
Mr. Editor : One of the most common fea
tures in the houses of the country is the want
of taste, visible in all sections of the country.
These dwellings are mostly the homes of the
farmer, and surprising it is to see how little
time is spent in improving them and making
them look as a. farmer's home should. Most of
them were placed close to the highway with a
door-yard perhaps in front, of twelve by twen
ty feet, fenced oft' from each corner of the house
and running to the street fence. Hence this
yard comprised all the "grounds," the house
had, and sometimes even this was wanting, as
in many cases these houses were set directly
on the street At the present time a little more
taste may be shown in the buildings or houses
than formerly. But in the situation of the
farmer's house and the ground around, very
little, if any, improvements have taken place in
the last forty years. For some reason or other,
people living in the country have a fear that
they shall not see every -body that passes in the
street, and so the houses must be built direct
ly on the highway, to gratify this curiosity ;
and of cdurse all the dust and dirt of the street
in a dry time must be endured for the sake of
seeing the "natives" as they pass by. Now it
is astonishing to see what parsimony many
fanners with large farms, will exhibit in refer
ence to an acre or two of ground for building a
house. But ordinarily it is more owing to a
wanbf a just appreciation of what a farmer's
house should be, than from a real penurious
ness. All this difference comes from education,
an education which every farmer may have by
a little care and study, but which they so often
neglect, believing it more necessary to increase
the number of acres than to make permanent
and lasting improvements on what they now
possess. Of course those farmers wlio occupy
old farm-houses of a former generation cannot
change the situation, though the back-grounds
may often be enlarged, and the whole premises
can be changed when the right spirit is set at
work. For instance, if the kitchen garden is
close to the house, as is often the case, take up
all the old board and picket-fence between the
garden and the door-yards, also remove all the
old rail fences near the house, -and make one
good substantial fence around the outside, mak
ing but one yard of the whole. The kitchen
garden of course, will be removed to a place
outside of the yard-fence, while the old gar
den can be used for fruit-trees, flowers, shrubs,
etc
The old cow-houses, hog-pens, etc., if they
are pretty near the house, as they often are,
should be removed if they can be especially
the hog-pen, or a high board-fence may be
put up in front to cut off the view from the
house.
Here we only give some ideas how an old
. fashioned farm-house may be improved by a
little labor and taste. And when the farmer
once commences an improvement of this char
acter, he will find that as he goes forward with
his improvements, new ideas will constantly
turn up which will show him the value of such
embellishments. All that is wanted by the'
farmer is a little exertion on his part to go for
ward and enter into this business. Of course
where new grounds are to be laid out, a differ
ent plan will be carried out In this case, tne
farmer can select -his own grounds and make
all the arrangements to his liking. An acre of
land (two are better, and thr or four better
still) for a court-yard or "lawn," with the
house standing on the highest point of land the
out-buildings a little below this level and in
the rear, a country place can be made to make
a good appearance. Whatever is the size of
the yard, allow no cross sections of fences, but
have one'good substantial outside fence of wood,
wir or iron, as the case may be. Where the
yard is composed of five or six acres, the kitch- 4
en and flower gardens may be piacea m tne
rear of the buildings with suitable enclosures.
It is also well to select the site for your house
and out-buildings in or near a group of natural
forest trees, far shade and protection, if they
are at hand. Apple trees and cherry trees may
be used for this purpose. Should neither of
these be within reftch, as will often be the case,
then it will be time and money well-spent to
transplant some large forest trees of six, eight,
and ten inches in diameter at the trunk, to
shelter your house and out-buildings from the
sun's rays and storms. This may be done by
the "frozen ball method," which we have often
named before, which most northern cultivators
understand. The plan is just -before cold weatk-
er sets in, go to the forest and select your trees
for removal, then dig about them, cutting off
all the branching roots, leaving the main turft
at the bottom uncutlri i this waythe
ii cc iiiuirSuiii-ii - JZVnr .nJiout tne roots
is frozen to a solid ball. In the mean time the
holes for the reception of these trees must be
dug, and all prepared before cold weather sets
in. They should be dug some twoTeet larger
than the ball of roots, and the space filled in
with yard soil so as to give the rootlets a good
start in the spring. If there is a slight show
on the ground the trees may be removed on an
t "ox-sled" or two drags fastened together. The
trees must be raised from their bed by means
of long levers, pulleys, etc., and placed on the
sled. It will require a great number of hands
and a strong team, according to the size of the
trees to be moved. In most situations the
trees will require bracing during the first win
ter they are set, to guard against winds and
storms. When the work is well done they will
continue to grow without much check the next
season, and ordinarily none of the top need be
cut off. Some cultivators have done well by
removing large trees in the spring. It will be
seen that the peculiar advantage of this system
of tree-planting is, that you have fine shade
trees to begin with on a new place, instead of
having to wait ten or fifteen years for small
trees to grow up for shade. This is quite an
item of economy in time.
In giving a description of what a farmer's
country-house should be, we can only name
the outlines, as the other points must be filled
by the farmer himself. One thing we will
name. Oenerally, now, where a farmer wishes
to build a. house, he just goes and consults the
"builder," commonly a house-carpenter me
chanic. Of course he finds out what the low
est "job" price for a house may be. Then if
he concludes to build, the plan and "architec
ture" of the house is left to this "builder," to
determine, which in'most cases will be a mere
"copy" after some dozens of others. Now the
farmer should know something .of style and
architecture! himself. Then he should consult
the best works on that subject, and not depend
on the house-carpenter for this service. The
Jarmejwiu nn (pat it will coswitm"!-wioi
to build his house in a tasteful style,
than to build it in violation of all the laws of
good taste and of the rules of architecture. L.
Dukand, Derby, Ct., Sept., 1855.
-
Winter Care of Fruit Trees
Yesterday we crossed an orchard, by chance,
the owner of which was already preparing his
trees to endure the frosts of winter as he sup
posed. But according "to our experience, as
well as theory, he was takiug the most direct
method of giving them the least possible chance
of "living through." As he was but a begin
ner, we could the more readily excuse him for
following what at first thought might seem to
be a feasible plan. "Somebody" had told him
that the frost would have less effect upon the
roots if they were kept imbedded in water
through the winter, and he was heaping up
and packing solid a circular bank of earth four
or five feet distant from the body of each tree,
so as to hold a pool of water even with the sur
face of the ground. Nothing could be more
unphilosophical, as a little reflection will
show.
Every healthy, vigorous tree or plant, is sup
plied with an almost infinite number of fibrous
root, which penetrate every part of the soil,
and gather sap, and along with it a" supply of
organic, and, perhaps, of inorganic food. The
expansion and contraction of the soil during
winter, tear and break great numbers of these
minute roots, a majority of which are so small
as to be imperceptible to the unaided eye.
Where there is a great number of alternatives
heat and cold, so many of these roots are brok
, fen as to leave the tree in a sickly condition in
the spring, and it should be careful study to ,
protect them from such action of the frost.
Should there be but a slight degree of frost,' not
more than enough to freeze water half an inch
to an inch in depth, a body of water around the
roots would doubtless act as a preserver, and
T-om this fact probably arose the practice above
alluded to. But in -this climate we have to
guard against foot-deep instead of inch-deep
frosts.
simple experiment will show the difference
between a dry and a wet soil around the base
of a tree. Take three cups, each nine inches
deep; fill each of them within one inch of the
top the first with water, the second with earth
saturated with water, and the third with moist
but nearly dry earth and subject all three to
cold enough to freeze them solid. In the first,
the water in changing to ice-will expand so as
to fill up the entire measure. The moist earth
in the second will have expanded nearly s
much, while the comparatively diy earth will
scarcely expand an eighth of an inch.
The experiment, of the principle which it
illustrates, viz : that water in freezing expands
about one-eighth of its bulk, while dry Bolids
do not thus expand, has a direct bearing upon
the winter treatment of trees. Instead of re
taining water around them, it is better to dig a
ditch (at a sufficient distance to avoid cutting
the roots,) to convey the water away and leave
the soil dry-
We are gratified to announce to our readers
a Cathartic Pill, (of which see advertisement in
our columns,) from that justly celebrated phy
sician and Chemist, Dr. J. C. Ayer. His Cher
ry Pectoral, everywhere known as the best
remedy ever offered to the public for Coughs,
&c, has prepared them to expect that any
thing from his laboratory would be worthy of
attention. As no one medicine is more univer
sally taken than a Physical Pill, the public
will be glad to know of one from such a trust
worthy source. .We happen to know and can
assure them that this article has intrinsic mer
its, fully equal to any compound that has ever
issued from his Crucibles, and consequently is
well worth a trial whenever such a medicine
becomes necessary. Raciju Com. Adv.
COMMMICATloi
-METROPOLITAN COREESPONLEKC
LETTER CII.
New York, Qct T iB--
1 1 005.
grown October Xeir expected Dr. Iattja al0,-t ?
tqpol-A prediction Crystal Palace jLtUUuT'
nf the American Institute Xith-t 4, tnnl -
" . l'f lttltlxf
EjxMence of Machinery Oil Attract;, ;..;;,
d'ceilRacliel in Boston Thackeray u,ld j""-
Georges The Free Love Philosophers ai 0;1 7 '
vivedItt momtroHty Ghostly Co'lonuiet v "
new publication 4 great christian tool Jtw '
PrtutUs ly his lirothcrT'rte Heaven or t( ft')"
Gletitcocd Inside viv of slavery H,n.J oxt d"
Gerritfim 'itkHalld; Son's New Mutic.i Pr '
Melodeon. ''
My Dear Post. You -know something
fine autumnal weather in your latiiutle ,
well aware, but you have nothing in that lv
which can surpass the delicious air of 'Prown
October" in our more Northern region. I Wlbj
New England a day' or two since, an-i l0li
H.i
luxury of sensation in. the 100I. bracing atij
trail-parent tmopheie of its" hills and lor,.,,,
was added th gorgeous mission ot' it-, an...
nal wo' ds displayed its bk-i.ded hues 'of
and gvdd and crimsoned in every shade of inwc
sity. It I were the least hhlned to be
tiinental this morning, I should fall u quoting
Bryant, in someofhis exquisite October dream".
4Dosedpreenu and will 1,-t ,he Ve;s
go while I tiirnTo other iTTPmwr. ,
AVe are looking, every hour, for a steamer
from the other side to bring us "later nevuf,oa
the Crimea"' and to relieve u flvm our 5
pense about Pen-kop, upon which The
were making "checked advances" at the"
dates. If we C'.'tild credit the statement of an
American phys cian recently from Sevast f,
(print it S-bastopol according to . your laie;i
v 1 ! :e . .:n t 1 . '
topics? eu preien nee, 11 you w 111 1 s: n t rmilSj
it !) the Russians, did not evacuate the Southed
tower because of the Allies advances, .but Lc
cause they did not intend to hold it anv longer
'Tell that to the marines"' Dr. lave-a,and tU
won't believe it ! But the Doctor sa that ih
are certainly impregnable in the Northern quar.
ter and are moreover confident of witliMaiifo
any seige in their new position. Of 'this. I Hjn
uot only doubtful, but almost confident that im-
immediate results will show its error. The Al
lies wil drive the enemy out of tht Crimea,
and eventually bring the Ruvian uutocraf to
humiliating terms f peace.' Li t wry fion
bide the test of time. I am content it WJf
The Fair of the American Institute is yj
this year at the Ciystal Palac&jSand altheuga
the paragiaphists of some of our papers ars
grievously at fault, in saying that the exhilmui
surpasses or at least equals that of the Woiid'i J
Fair in 1853, which it certainly doe9 not ap I
proach in beauty or in variety.it is nevertheless
an attractive show. It must he consider d that
the present is purely an American exposition
Europe contributes nothing, directly at least, to
its variety or its excelk-Hce. It is a domestic
affair and one which we need not be ashamed
of, (specially in the department of n:acliiiKiy.
I have . never seen a better display of mechani
cal contrivance than that which nowJilU
the gieal n'liine Arcade ot the 1 a'sw wi
keeiw. its ions' lines of shading whirlr'tr with a
1 c . y
ceaseless roar of revolution ar ni"ie peaceful j
bowpver than revolutions are ant 'to be! There
are still to he s on, at the Palace, amid the to
kens aud trophies ot American industry .and in
crpniiitv RO!i:eof the old attractions of the i"fal
6 j ----- -
Fair. The while Slaves of the Ualim and Lorn-
bar:ian artists aie not ali removed and ether
things there aie to carry the visitor, back tvt
yetrs into the p 1st.
I have not time to .glance even at Hi' , res
ent Fair in this letter and it I lo it at all I m'ist
do it another epistle. Suftic-i it here tosav hat
the roup d ad is finer this year than it ever as
before, part I v on account of the splendid d E
which enspheres n, and partly, I think ii
count of actual improvement in most biamw
of art and industry represented Ht tf-e J'alace.
The good policy of tho managers in su'ph,n
cards of admission to workmen and apprtnnC
at a varv Lw rata liaa. lift Oil in a frr!ltr;il
tendance of the two classes named and thi' w' '
have a good efiect upon the pioductive genius
and enterprise of our present and future ciafw-
tc-en.
Rachel has been m Bo-ton fur several days"
affording real enjoynien', I doubt not, to a very
few nnrl m-pat.mrr a fiimre aiunnfr multitudes
& .
who know neither French nor high MgC art!
with any appreciative perception.
By the steamer, hourly expected at t hi port,
w nru tn liuv. un or.;, oi ,,f khitis interest
the nersf.n nf Tht-orav who comes to lecture
before our Mercantile Library Association and
the Four George
of British annals. I have doubt he wilUj
a vast number of smart and entertaining thu g
-1 1 1 t ... ;n (Viririve tl
aooui ins royal suojecis, jou oi o
oaradox !
" You have heard something, uo doubt con
cerning the Free-love organization,
which h
Wnt.lv distrrace.l this Christian. Metrupo'1-
T
shall not defile my paper with many a!lu5
to its filthy doctrine and fou'er practice.
Expres recently served it up i a slashing
tide, rebuking i's pretensions to origin0'1? 0
idea, by various quotations from sacred andr0
fane history alike, of renowned example0'"
practical out workings. There were, the Etfrti
tii inks, many rce lovers in Sodom and Gornr
rah ! It finds illustrious examples of diat c
of philosophers in Askasia, Henry VIII, ,ar
II ; Nina d'Eucloa and others.' This tn,m
attempt to engraft unblushing aduhry n .
lotry upon our Bocial system is deserving n"
ly of public-rrprobation,-ut of legislative pi "
ishment. t
, I have been reading with much ,nteVH
new book from the press of Messrs. App e
entohd "(Shortly Qnolhquies" It con!,pen
a series of p. rhaps a dozen dialogues be t
tHe ghosts of famous characters iu lllst0'J'di)US
first colloquy tor example, is between
and CoiuniUuvwho are supposed to
pectediy of course, at the New Yv'k rf
Palace on the hey-day f the WorldV "
that beauii.ul place. They stand bj
status of Coiumbus, and they talk a "biiion
things ti.at interest them most in the ex ' .
Columbus crows eloquent oer ihe sUT,nuS
telegraph in its future of promise and
verv naturally feds a deep interest in he J6ed
het tor the Band, and is scarcely le P..
by the beautiful display of stationery
fords h
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