H M M , 5 W II M H-tl II II I W NX. . 1 1 - U I k-ir
-miUJrUUVrUitK-
U'TIICfinfegteftl morel iii jtkglctt mofmi;.lM Uii tt iirlltn ui kn f tor ffeftlon
imM B. LIIiT, IwritlrldlUr.
VOL. XLI.
RALEIGH, WEDNESDAY MORNING, APRIL 3, 1850.
NO. 15.
IT TBBIM J. UlA'T SOS,
(OSo nearly oppoeit the Port Offloa-)
Trrmt tf Ur Piptr.
f J 0 psr aanan, when paid ut ABVascs w
It psaasni is Relayed tarts Bionths.
Ttrroi f itlTertiiing.
Ons sqaars, (10 linsa,) arst inMrtiou, 1 1 00
.-k .,,l.mirnt insertion, Za
Csart rder and judicial advertlavmenU, 26 per
cant, higbsr.
A dolMtiua ef 38 per cent, for advertisements bj
ths yssr. .
JjarAll letters sod eostaranicatlons most ds fol
fid. - Esnittsnees sisjr ha ssd at oar risk.
THK LAW OF NEWSPAPERS.
1. All sabseriburs, who do not give sxniss o
Tics to Iks contrary, are considered as wishing to
awittaas their subscriptions.
J, If tnbserihen order the disconlinuonoe of their
papers, ths puUilmr may eontinus to send them
(. If subscribers neglect or refuse taking their
aaasrs from thv,8lcoV0 which they srs assi, uivy
ars held responsible tiimhfi WH Milled and
hl mm, MnlvvMl In Kf tliwnntinucd.
4. The CoarU have daebU-d that refusing to take
a BSwsaaMr or periodical from the office, or rsmov
lag and fearing it uncalled tor, is " prims fscis"
vldenee of ixtkstiosai. vs-icd.
Hjr Ws send the Rtar to a few friends who hare
aot srdsred it but will consider th.ra nheriltnio
long as they continue to receive the psper.
'a-iia?-
tlfy as aaiiteiawtf ef a dctiuaas, aa thiy are
rsspoasibls in Law, if this duty is neglected.
MsfELimors.
HOW HE WON HKR.
We hope the moral in the following sketch
will be productiveof much good. Young men
whow.amSilioii.acix.jntlie matri-
monial line, should study well the grand se
cret. 0ur friend who furnishsd the sketch,
mys he sees no reason, why it should not be
itrue.
A young lady of eccentric character, but of
rare menial endowments and extraordinary
personal attractions, had five suitors, equally
assiduous in their- attentions. Uuahl lo d e
cide upon which she should bestow her h in J,
she gave them notice lo eall upon her at a cer
tain day, and each state his claims in the pre
sence of the others. At the appointed time
the lovers arrived. Four were confident
of success ; but the fifth had a downcast look,
and sighed when h: gazed on the i!jer.i of
his devotion.
"(jemlmn-mii" a till shcj you have honor
ed mo with proposals of inarri.ige. 1 have,
as yet wither rusiJ- nor-td any of
you; stale your cjaiius to my hand ill 1 1 mat
know upon what ijriuiijs 1 in ly he justified
in best.iwing it."
A. aim- I ai Ti5I.iwa."lf yiirmarry
me, von sh.i'l livn i i ; 'i I d h use, ha.e
WfrMg HTm'-t : ' ai '. mr e nnniind, and
"enjoy all l :x !r - ' f i ma h life. 1
i m n. h."
II. -spoke nex!: VI y H r., i..,h--s'iur"very
str iii ial4-s.u -it; b it I t f n i.da d.-scnt.
M V n l.i i v h i dak and although
not wealth. , i tu W 4 i'uauv w.tii wh im an
sllianC'! would e e mi Je.-ed an honor to ih
weslthiest li '.r.;a in ih ; I and."
C. staiej hit clii.ui: '-lam a piliticim;
and hiv now a reputition ihit older pwsons
havaenv4L? - Nxt--H'arl siiail rua lot C
gress, aidfiave ho ilou'it 'STiSSeii." By mar-
rying me your name will be handed down to
posterity. .
D. twisted his monstaehR with an air of in
exquisite, and said, "Anelie ereatnre!
'Pon my word I think you hnre already made
up your mind in tny favor. You know ho v
much ant, admired. , Who is the m.ist fash
ionably dressed in townf Who is ths best
judge of the opera! Rumor says D., but
pon my honor, I'm loo ' modesl lo Insist upon
if
When it cams to E.'s turn to speak there
was a pause. AM eyes were turned towards
him. Poor fellow he was dreadfully embarras
sed. "Well," laid the beauty, "what lay you
Mr. Ef" . -
"Alasf" was the reply, "I yield to those
genUrmea: They have the advantage of me
in every respect.'' And he took hii hat to
leave. - I
" "Stop," laid the lady, "makr yrmr -state!
ment, no matter how humble my be your
ebima." .
' "I am poor w . .
, ."Uoon.".: . I
, "I sm not of s nol! Tamily "
-"Goon, iir." . ' j
"I am unknawn to the world"
, Ni mattert proceed. 1
;' "I hare mither the tasu nor the means to
dress fashionably. I ork foe my livelihwd.
; It is bs.rdy possible that I can afford on
of ti,e inducement! held oat by my rivals. "
,, - s-I am to judge of that air what next!"
' "Nothing, only 1 love you, and takt e nrwt
paptr." ' - "
At tliis Messrs. A. B. C. and D, karat
AM in a loud laugh, and exclaimed m one
' raiee "So do we! I love you to distrac-
tionl I take four newspapers, ha hi 1" ,
"Silence," said the ladyt '-In one month
" yon shall hare mj answer. : You may all
withdraw." - - - -At
the end of the month the tve suitors a
. gtia appeared. , Turning to each one in suc
, swasioa the lady answered .
, "Riches are not productive of happiness.
Boasted nobility of blood, is the poorrst of all
recommendations. ' Fame is fleeting, and he
that has the garb' of a gentleman ie to he pit
ied. 1 hare found out the names of the pa-
" pert to which yoo all subscribe, snd have as
certained that ooae of you who have boasted
ef wealth, . Mobility and fame, or sshkm,
Am paid tht printer, Sow, gentlemen,
, this in dishonest -1 cannoLtbink of marrying
. a atan who would be guilty of a dishonest
act . I have learned that Mr. E. not only
subscribes Tor a paper, but pat . the tiMer.
tf Therefore, I say he is the man; I give him my
hand with a full conviction' that he " is
;;v ihe om very way ealcotated ; lo make me
.pappy.- - J-;-i,;i... ).;,..-,,.-N5.
' ' jNeed we extend our aarraUret The dis-
' ppointed geatlemea disappeared quite sud
" denjy and the lucky suitor was united to the
,i objertof hii devotion : and in a few inn. hv
. hooeafr and industry, became not only I dia.
,tlnguistied butwraltltr man. esteemed bv
ail. Younr man. he tiaid tk nrintrr 1'.
Mwoml in thief --' -a -, -t i
... 8CE8fB AT A DUfTRICT ftrnnnr.
"Firsi ss in r.hiloiphy stap Mi
HJ H ORTH C1KOUHA STAB 1 dote your book. John Jones, how many
. is rtsuanso wssaLT, I fcinenloipi in nature?" .
Four."
"Name thenf,"
"England Ireland, Scotland, in J Wslcs."
"Pass lo ueit Smith."
"Four ihe ahiraal, vegetable, mineral and
kingdoms coino."
"Good, go up head."
"Hobhr, what is meant by the animal king
dom!" "Lions, tigers, elephants, rhinoceroses, hip
popotamuses, alligator, monkeys, jackasses,
hack-drivers, and schoolmasters."
" Very well but you'll take a licking for
your last remark.'
"Uile, what is the mineral kingdom!"
"ThehullofCalilbmey."
"Walk straight up head."
"Johnston, what is the vegetable king
dom r?
"Garden sarso, potatoes, carrots, mgyons,
and all kinds of greens that's good for cook
(?" "Ad what ara pities, and hemlocks, anu
elms aint they vegetables?"
"No sir-ree vou can't rook'ein' .'Arms,
taw logi and framing tiniltr."
"Boys, give mc a piece of apple, and you
can have an hour's intermission except
Hobbs." -
..;. .LIFE AT TWENTY. ,
"TJowv--lrt;-lSsfto
following unique inauner;
Friends, al twenty, we are wild aa part
ridges. There's ho such thing as taming US!
we ride that fierce, fiejy and head-strong ani
mal, Passion, over fences, ditches, hedges, on
to the devil leap the fivebarred gate of rea
son without touching the curb of discretion,
or pulling harder than a tit-mouse upon the
inm)r ffjnjnf jmhrmniit. And at twenty you
are perfect locomotives, going at tlio'ratc'bft
aixty nines an uour, you ueai me uuuer, iuc
. -i . i i . I
the steam wtucli yon sometimes blow oil in
sighs and hope, fear, anxiety and jealousy,
are the train that you drag. At this season of
life you are filled with an exhilarating gas ol
romance, every thins; looks romantic by spells
.en a jackass philosophing over a barrel
of vinegar. You (both girls and boys) now
read no. els till your gizzards haro softened
into sentimental jelly, and settled into a pit of
your stomach. Oh ! I know how you feel!
you fjcl as Ihouli vou would like to soar
from star to star! kick lmb planets aside, lake
er.uy ctmsts by their blazing hair, and pull
them in'o their right courses, sit upon the
h gli"! peak of a thunder cloud and dangle
ihs read lightning between your thumb and
flnjer as" a watch chain, and then dive into
he gol.lin sun-set sea and sport with celestial
syrens speed on, pull ths nose of the man in
iho.nttoji,. ransack, crea'ion. knock a few
panes out of Heaven, a.id ihen nutter down
gently as a breeze, and find the darling object
of your loi'e m3tiding stocking! That's how
you feel. ". '
CIUNGEMA.KFS CHANGE.
"Tfur Wrcv Morn'itBt-s-Ths- E.-wton-iVltLl
S ar, the 29 h ulu, tells ilu following story:
It appears that a young man w ho resided
in basion.-a tew years ago, by ins nam 3 oi
F"", and afterwards removed to the vil
lage of R a few miles from C , be
came enamored of a young lidy in the neigh
borhood, the daughter of a widow C , to
whnrn;Je anarJt dc
married, but, from opposition on the part of
the parents both of whom were then living
ar some other cause, the consummation of
their "plighted vows" were deferred. Thus
matters stood until a few weeks ago, when
the wily mother sent the confiding and un
snspecling daughter on a short visit to C
aud during her absence drove .- into , town jn
dashing style, in company with Mr. F., and
actually married him herieif. I he as
tounding news of her mother's marriaga
threw the poor girl into spasms, and at one
time her life wss despaired of, so ovepower
ing was the shock that fell upon her young
and confiding heart. Her mother is said to
be about fnrly-fivs year of age,, and has
been a widow only about six montht'.
Strange world, this?
MAN LN MUSIC.
The universal disposition of humin bein gs,
from the cradle to the death-bed, to express
thstr feeling in measured cadences of sound
and action, prove that our bodies are construct
ed on musical principles, and that the harmo
nious working of their machinery depends on
the movevents of the several parts beirur ti
med lo each other, and that the destruction of
health, as regards both body and mind, may
oe wca described aa being out of tune. Uur in
tellectual and moral vigor would be better
sustained .if we more practically studied the
propriety of keeping the soul in harmony, by
regulating the movements of the body! for we
should thus see nnd feel that every affection
which is not connected with social enjoymen',
is also destructive of individual comfort, and
that whatever lends to harmonise, also tends to
promote happiness and health, Saenlific Am.
Orams Scrcaioa Coot. We learn
from the Democrat, . that the fuit between
Oowd and Hankl from Chatham, for slander
we believe wae tried last week, consuming
two days. The plaintiff recovered but SO
ahililngs damages, which carries' only a like
amount ol costs. . upwards ol thirty witness.
ea were ia attendance. Msssrs. Uaughton,
Jackson and Norwood for the Plaintiff: Messrs,
Stedman, Waddeft snd Graham for Defend
ant. -Obs. , '
SELF-DEPENDENCE. ;
The IN. I. VOune anaounses with com
mnnil.linn. that aeomnanv has baan formed
in that city, "With capita of $200,00 for the
manufacture of coarse shoes. N. York has been
derivini her supplies of boots and shoe from
Masavhuseus, where Uieir article! are man
ufactured to the amount of 18 mdlionsannually,
New York wuhee to relieve itseUoi Ms eoiito-
hution in Masaahuewtie, and at the same time
made money out of other people,
This me line or potiey wmen we aesn-e
to see the Southern people pursuing. It is
the only road lo wealth, to properity and to
independeee, H ue South would maiiulaeturs
its own articles and ship its own products
to market, it would aoon hare '' nothing to
complain 01. :, - " "
WHAT NEXT
The Montrel Gazette usnslstes from L'Ave-
nhva Canadian paper, the following ealrsor-
dinsrysiory with the remark Ihst the eijilorejyes sir r hehas a practice of smoking
have stnet heard the thing is dead;
Ilea MoKSTxa We Warn that a female
in th parish, of SkTisnplhlJias jusL given
birth loan exiruordiniry child, which, in
grotesque horror exceeds all that humanity
has yet produced in the way ' of infant phe
ni l t i I .
nuuu-iia. - i iic new ourn cnuu nas notbihg
human about it but the head and arms; the
rest is literally a tortoise, the back snd belly
reu wiiii nuru vneii anu uie leel per-
iccuv rcsemoiing me psws oi ine amphibious
snimal.
Like tlie tortoise it can pro-rude and re
tract the feet within the shell, and articulates
sounds which have not the slightest resemb
lance to the cry of a new -horn child. We
are even told that, it can retract its head with
in the shell, until the top ol il is level with
the shoulders. The pirenis, obey tnr the first
sentiments af horror, and dreading the disa
greeable reputation which this occurrence
might attach to their names desired to destroy
this prodigy immediately after its birth, but
hsving consulted their priest, they resigned
themstdves, and the child received baptism.
anu is uxoiy to live,
TO THE PEOPLE OF NOR I'll CARO
LI.NA.
The history of our Revolutionary struggle
in North Csiolin is fertile in events both
tragic and romantic, and in many instances
tlje iwo are so connected as in be inseparable
of the Unmrli who hare- undertaken to resent
from oblivion the Revolutionary inridents of
their respective localities ; but as yet North
Carolina has found nil one to undertake the
task for her. Unworthy ant incompetent as
I am to do justice to the subject, and unpre
pared as I am to devote that time snd atten
tion lo il which its importance demands; yet
I am willing to lend my feeble aid in bringing
up from the abyss of forgetfulness the deeds
j,nJ transactions 'of our Remlntinnarv
. - J
th- events of a hy-gone generation that lived
in "the times that tried men s souls, " and nt
a period (as is now spparent) when the world'
begsn to throw off the shsckles of lynnny,
and lo emerge from the darkness of oppres
sion, ignorance, and superstition, into the
light of liberty, knowledge, and true reli
gion. It is my design lo collect and arrange, in
the form of sketi-hes, talcs, and legendary ro
mance, the Revolutionary incidents of the
Siaie; snd I shall feel thankful to any person
informed of sny event or incident worthy of
note, to communicate the same lo me. Will
the people f the Slsleaid in my undertaking?
To doubt their co-operation and assiaiance
would be to impeach the pa riotie character
which they have so Tong and so justly main
tained. Address
FRANK I. WILSON,
-- Rutherfordtnn, N. C.
N. B. Will the Editors of papers in
North Carolina oblige me hy giving the a
.bo.ve an. insertion in their epluiiiiii t. .1 know,
to whom 1 sppeal, and do not apprehend a
refusal. -
Tlm Nr . Joiunal pj Commerce mentions
that a chain of gold of s value exceeding ttoO,
pure as irrsme from Ihe mines, is shout to be
presented to the Hon. Daniel Webstkr. hav
ing been forwarded fr that purpose by r.
George W. Kggleston, of San Francisco, al
which place it was manufactured; .It is in-,
tended a an Jacknowleilginemt of f Wrb-
iter's emincTit success ft! the cause oTl1ie
Umon of the stales. The . Journal says of
IU
"Il is. indeed, emblematic of that strong
chain forgi'd by our ancestors which Mr.
Webster has done more than any other man
ivtng lo rivet nnd strengthen, which binds
togeiher this great confederacy of states in
intoon tmi'ttfrmbtie; so- -solid tt -isyio-
strong, so massive.
SENATOR BENTON.
This is the happiest and most tmusing man
in this n ide Confederacy, The verification of
his nhnphecy respecting M r. Calhoun's disu
nion penchant, inflates his self lovs to a high,.
pitch of extravagance, lie would answer
him he says, "But why. sir, should I make a
speech to a dead man His head is off, sir
orr He does nt know It but hi him shake
it, sir, and it will fall to the ground, sir, to the
ground, sill
But (he return of hut son-in-law, rremont,
ss Senator fills his cup to overflowing with
joy. In all companies, and on all occasions,
he expatiates upon his menu. "He is only
second to Wsshington (he says.) Like
Wsshington he was the son of a widow.
ir, left an orphan at the same age, sirs-
Like Washington, hn swam a river, nr. al
IT Like Washington, sir he commenced as
a Surveyor air Like Washington, air, he
explored the West, sir! And Humboldt the
philosopher of burnpe.sir, calls him Ihe great
Fremont of America, sir, and bad carried out
sir, the grand conceptions, wnicn were only
dimly eeen by his great mind sir," &e.' tie.
Kiehmona n Mg.
; RETALIATING.
Gov. Floyd, of Virginia, has just lent a
message to the Legislature ol that state on
occasion of the refusal of the Governor ol
Ohio to surrender I free negro charged with
a criminal offence that offence being, as we
believe,' thf incitement of slsves to obtain
freedom. Gov. F. goes for reprisals on
the States which offend in this way,. He
yi:
"I am of the opinion that a ay stem of taxs-
tioa under the License Law can be so arrang-1
ed as to transfer entirely the trade from those
States, to those which - ara still willing to s
bids by ita compromises and recognize our
right! under it. This wwild be a peaceful
and efficient remedy, doubly recommended to
us because it ia under our awn exclusive
control, and the work of our own authori
ties. , ' '
"We now tig l lis pedlar 1en dollare
year, while a clock pedlar ha lo pay fifty.
The venders of all articles maufactured in the
isant Sutrs could be taxed humlf4
per cent, and the reoder'be required W abow
where the articles were made.' Pains and
penalties could be easily attaehsd to any
vision of the law. which would ensure the
due enforcement of it, The details eould be
made to amUrwe live stock and lite products
of the aoUVV- :..'-.' ;
vr Madam, you aaid Tour son was a
physician has he mich practiceT Jwhy,
gars.'
Hoi'sa or RcntttiKTATivca,
... March 1 850. J
Tit tlu Edison of tht jiepuUici .
GiMTxanas: Your Jltimblie. ofWednes
day eon tains a speech purporting lo have been
delivered by my colleague (Mr. Htahlv) in
the House of Representatives, March 8th, 1890.
On looking over it I find that it includes some
twenty or thirty extracts from speeches of
mine delivered at different limes within the
last half a dozen years. On the day of its de
livery, I think, 1 heard all that was said by my
colleague. He commenced by saying, that as
the day was a rainy one he would advise gen
lleraea to go la some more comfortable place,
as he did not intei u to speak for the House,
but for his constituents. In the coarse of his
remarks he stated that he had some extracts
from my speeches which he should print, but
which ho did not intend to read, lest his hour
should expire before he had concluded. Just
before the close of his hour, however, .having
as I supposed gone over, the ground of Tits
speech, he begin to read an extract from one
of my speeches, but after going through a Tew
setilcnces, hedeelwd that, as his hour was
nearly over, he would print il and some others.
Until ihe speech appeared in yonr -paper; ftfrhe "NorfhT""" As their object ta to obtain a re-
was impassible cither for .me, or for the mem
bers generally, to know what particular por
tions or even what speeches he intended to
read from.. In fact, many of his quotations
refer to points to which he made no allusion
wTMHTe
I presume, be expected by any body that I
should attempt a reply on the floor of the
House; 1 cotild do so with no appearance of
parliamentary propriety. Ix ot only has so
long a lime elapsed that Ihe matters really ut
tered by him have passed out of the minds of
members, but 1 woul : be compelled to ask the
House to give. me its car when replying lo
tilings not spoken there, wholly new to live
members generally, and having no reference
whatever to the practical business of legisla
tion. If this matter he has had printed merited a
reply, it would doubtless be held sufficient for
me, with your permission, to publish an an
swer in the same paper he has selected as the
medium ol his communication to the country.
On looking over the speech, however, candor
compels me 'to admit, that it docs not, in my
judgment, contain any thing of sufficient mo
ment to justify mn in asking Ihe use of your
columns for a reply lo it. In selecting parts
ol paragraphs, and sometimes paraolsentences,
my colleague has exhibited some ingenuity, and
seems, tn nave exercised much caution to a
void doing mi justice, and to mislead his read
ers in relation lo my opinions as formerly ex
pressed. As far as I have observed Uie cus
tom thai has prevailed with members of the
House since the adoption ef the hour rule.
though they sometimes enlarge theargumenta
tive parts of speeches in the report, they studi
ously avoid printing any thing that refers to
Die opinions or declarationsol members, mness
it has been in fact altered on the flour. B y,
that means an opportunity is afforded nutle
nvn lo explain or defend themselves, when il
seems necessary. My colleague his thought
F roper to take a different course. As far as
am eonewned, Lhavllo objection, whatever
to his bringing into review my public ar.uanJ
declarations in the manner chosen by him.
It would, in, my judgment, however, have been
more appropriate for him to have assumed os
tensibly, as he appears to have done really,
havcharaeter of a- paniplilotcen He aeeme
anxious to make tt appear that, there ta- a dis
crepancy or inconsistency in my opinions on
political points, as expressed at different tims.
riiough I entertain no doubt but that, hy mak
ing more copious extracts from my speeches
than he has done, I should be able lo show
that my opinions, as expressed, have nut ma
terially varied, yel I cannot suppose that the
public gbltefally fed sn interest in Uie subjeci,
since the establishing of my consistency would,
not in any manner affect the progress of legis
lative business. My own consiituenta have
generally seen my speeches at length, and will
not, therefore, I apprehend, require any ex
planation from me. But what advantage he
can derive from misleading his own constitu
ents, I cannot imagine. Should my thing in
the progress of events in the future render it
proper that I should of or explanation, I shall
enter on it with entire confidence in my ability
to make a successful defence.
Having disposed of the snrweh of my eol-
league I will now, gentlemen, as I bare found
it necessary to resort to your columns, take
this occasion to sdven to certain other points
of discussion. Yon have heretofore, while
condemning ultra politicians, thought proper,
ip several of your editorials, to include me by
name in that class.
But who are lo be regarded as ultra politi
cians with reference to the great issue pending?
I he most ultra oa the southern side or the
question that I know of, claim tint slavery shall
go into all the territories of the United Stales
which are common property, until it shall be
excluded by State constitutions. .
An ultra northern man is ha who claims that
slavery shall be excluded from all the territory.
If one of these views be more ultra than the
other, it must be the northern one, because,
even if the southern vie w were adopted in prac
tice, northern men might occupy any part of
the territory without being deprived or any le
gal advantage they possess in theirown States,
and would hive the further privilege, if they
chose to exercise it, of holding slave. If,
however, slavery should be excluded, the
southerner would find himself dnprived.of cer
tain advantages which he would enjoy at horns.
- Tboae men who, standing beiweaa these
two opposite extremes, are willing that there
should be an equitable division of the territory,
may well claim to be the moderate rmn. In
this class will fall, as far as I know, all ths
southern mamher of Congress, as wall a the
entire, mass of lha aouthern peoples-What
ever may be their views at to the powers of
this Government over the territory, they are
tiling, in fact, that there shall be a bur divi
sion.
The real question at tisus-tlisNfijfe, is not
nether the aouth shall have til tht territory,
or even more than the, North, but whether it
small be permitted to pans pas tny patt. ofiu
f or example, u me Missouri line of o ao
were extended lo the I'acilio, .then of all the
common property, viz: the territory not inclu
ded within any of the States, 6nly one-sixth
Sart lies uuth or mat line; yet when, on oe
alf of ths South, we insist that this compara
tively small part shall be left open to us, our
olaim is daoouaued ae a monstrous pretension.
as titauBcfabie southern arrogaaoa. ,
With just aa mock fairness might the South
be excluded flwirliny- share of thpuWte
money and other public property!' 'Of the sum
annually paid out of the public treasury, a I
J small part comparatively is expended in the
slaveholding Stales. This portion of the dis
bursement the North might insist on stopping
with as good a grace as they ean support their
present claim. I o prove that if that sum
were also expended in the free States it would
lie productive of greater good, they might use
just ihe same argument? that they now resort
to. W hue the principle would be the same.
too, in each case, tt is clear that the ultimate
mischief to the South in the future will be much
greater from the exclusion from all t'te territo
ry, than could result from depriving us of any
share in the public money.
If these new principles, which seem to have
been adopted by moat of the northern politi
cians, are to prevail; if this Government ia to
acquire territory by conquest or by purchase
and the sonthern States ara to be required to
furnish their full proportion of men and money,
and then the fruits ofvietory are lo appropri
ated exclusively by the North, it ta Idle to
suppose that die South will go into any auch
partnership.
The a iutbem people have .been Ine too
long to consent thus to become the vassals of
cognition of their right to participate fairly m
the bench Is ol uie national territory, their op
position is not limited to a particular mode of
exclusion, as Ihe Willinot proviso. It extends
lo nil such action on the part of the Federal
and their institutions. If, for example, when
territory is acquired in which slavery leg illy
exists, as was the ease with the Lonisana Tor-
ritory, then the Government is directly to in
terfere, and hv an act of Conirress lo abolish
slavery, as il Jid in more than three-fourths of
t'mt Territory; and when, on the other hand,
an acquisition of a different character is made,
Uis intentionally so to manage aa to exclude'
slaveholders from all parts ofit; it is obvious that
the character of our political system would be
essentially changed; ao that the Government,
instead of being that of the whole Union,
would hive beeh converted into a mere ma
chine, for the advancement of the northern
section.
By oao mode of proceeding,' for example.
we are asked to admit California aa a State
forthwith. But New Mexico and D esc ret are in
just as much wanlof legi,l.,uve aid, andlhoir
im luiuiiiui cjufi, on urgi'ni in weir uemanas
for our action in their eases.' Inasmuch, there
fore, as the inhabitants of alt the Territories
are in the same situation, and have all presented
US forms of irovernmont. whr rlinrriminntf lv.
tween ilicmf Why grant the request of one
set and refuse it to the others! Jlt because
California has made a constitution excluding
slavery, while the other two Territories have j
not imposed sny auch restriction in their forms
ofgovernmentt Is it fiw this reason, I say, that
we are to be required lo admit her at oueet If,
the majority from the North, instead of disooa-
Titg ofall these Terrimrjrs at this time, they
HOT? equati entitled to our consideration, in
sist, on pusfiiii llirougtt: California alon ia
not thccouclusmu irresistible that it ia their ob'
jest merely to strengthen their Bands, thus to
enable them hereafter 16 secure the other por
tions of tilt Mexierrtprritory by.onr mode or
another!',. .. ... .
Are southern men to be required to stultify
themselves so far before the country as to affect
to be blind lo this state of things! Could we
setde the whole Territorial question on eonit-i
ele-terms, w- might justified waiving)
the strong eoteetiona to Uie manner in which
this state of things was produced ia California.
rue northern members have not only, by de
cisive majorities, from time to time repeatedly
during the last three years, passed the Wilmot
proviso uirougn the House ol UepresentaUrea,
but even tt the last session, whea Mr Preston's
bill to allow the people of that errantry to form
a einstiraifon was uhdefcbhJldewUoltrthey 1
appended dial proviso to it, and thus obliged
lis Inends to abandon it. . 1 lie people of the
country there, being thus persuaded that iheir
only chance to get into the union was by the
exclusion of slavery very naturally Incorpora
ted the proviso into their constitution.
The course which you have lo some extent
pursued, however patriotie may be your mo
tives, and mare especially that of the National
Intelligencer, seems lo me calculated only to
produce mischief. I refer to the attempt to
underrate the eonditi in of feeling at the South
by extracts carefully eulled from southern pa
pers, letters, &e. No impression is thereby
made on the South. The itirnect being one
which every body there fully understands.
opinions eannot be enaaea in . loisuoa to it.
Those persons who reason know that it is
wrong that the South should not be permitted.
with her institutions, to occupy any part of the
common territory) such as are not accustomed
to reason feel that the exclusion ia a gross out
rage on heir rights. - -When any-man, how
hiith soever may be bis position, declaims s-
gainst the extension of slavery into any part of
the territory, his words produce nomoreetleet
on the setiied judgemant of the South, thin the
dashing of the wavee against the base of
mountain of solid granite. I M only etfaet
of these publications to", Id deceive the North.
Wh it possible good can result from Keeping uie
oeoole of that aeetion in profound ijrnoranee
of the ermdition of thing in the Southf U it
wise thus to mislead the heoble merer way
not let then, know that thior movement may
bring them in'o danger! Is it regarded aa a
wise stroke of pine , in a military cummanaer,
lo conceal from hii own troops the danger,
until he can. bring them up suddenly upon a
muked battery! , If the "Union be In peril,,
nothing l ieuis lo me better calculated lo in
crease die danger than such a course il this.
Even tf these quotations should Mr fairly
made from the particular' psper selected, it
must be remfmlered that tnsv constitute a
m ill portion of (hose published in the south
ern States. Il may be remarked, too, that a
number of these papers are publishea by north
era wen, som of whom retain their original
. -. ......
actional feelings, and are adroitly endeavor
ing to advance the anu-slavery Views ol uie
North, utlier journals, partly imm pony
feeling of opposition to movements which
found in the first instance more favor in the
Pemaecatie papers, and partly- out of defer
ence tor the tone of Ihfteentral press in wis city,
suppose la be in accordance) with the views of
the Adntnistrauon, nave, eenoeo ,oac mn
Ihey supposed would be acceptable here. A a,
however, it has becoma manif ist dial they
wre unintentionally aiding the and-elarery
mavemeni'of the North, they hwe gradually
been taking a better yiew of things; and I have
no doubt but that, ultimately, all stteh of them
aa ara governed by patriotie ' considerations
will assume the proper position. The North
hi also misled bjr the font that enrtiin aonthera
men seem wQlirur ts sacrifice the general aa-l
Uonal Internets ol Uie Unto, ay abandoning
the rights of dieir own section and adopting
the narrow sectional claims of die Nortiw
Whether these persons are governed by
guided patriotism, or are merely seeking aortb
ern support for Iheir personal advancement, it
eannot be expected that Ihey ehouid be sus
tained by tboae whose rights they are willing
toVurrender. If they have not already lost
their influence, they will inevitably do so
when iheir poaiton is understood ana the feel
ing has become intense. The effect of these
things, however, ean be productive af nothing
but mischief, by misleading the North. Had
the real state of feeling in the old thirteen
colonies been understood in England six months
before ths declaration of independence, our rev
olution would never have occurred; but ihe
British Parliament and. people were cheated
and deceived by the ministers and their organs,
who declared, from time to time, thaijtbe com
plaint on this side of the Atlantic cam only
from a few ambitious and factious men, who
were making a noise snd exciting sedition to
give themselves consequence; and that the
great body of the inhabitants ot the colonies
were loyal, eonionled andquiet. and so attach
ed to the general government and the union
with Great Britain thai they would submit to
hatever laws the Parliament might pass.
Wuh this example so familiar to American
minds, is it not strange that similar delusion
But I will now advert to another point, via:
the means proposed to resist the improper ac
tion of the northern m uoflltr " I have express-
ed the opinion that uoder our obligations to
support the Constitution of the united States,
all means consistent with ita provisions should
be exhausted before there should be a recom
mendation to appeal to our rights above it.
And t have hence advised that, under all the
circumstances, if an equitable adjustment cannot
be obtained or Ihe territorial question, then
we ought to refuse to pass, any . appropriation
bills for the support of (lie Government. The
idea of refusing supplies is not of American
orurtn. It has been claimed in England aajhe
undou'ited right of the parliament to refuse, at
ita own discretion; supplies lo the executive.
This right, too has in practice from time lo
time been exercised to protect the rights, and
liberties of the peopio of England, and has even
been the means of extorting additional privil
eges from the Britis'i monarch. 1
w ill it he pretontieo mat the representatives
of American freemen ought to do leas to protect
the essential rights, and liberties- even, of the
people whom iJieV" repfesont! rid England,
however, nothing less than a majority of the
representatives can do this; but under our
Constitution the minority may effort the same
object. Nobody will, I apprehend, affirm that
the same act, per ie, which would be proper
when done by die majority would be wrong
if efTocted by the minority, acting, in the man
ner provided by the Constitution itself. . The
act of the majority Is only effective because
the Constitution ao neclarrw but this same
Crmstrmtion provides, aW that certain acts,
when done by the minority, shall be effective.
This difference between our Constitution and
mat ef Great Brits in operates in behalf of lib
erty, aud to protect me rights of the minority.
It is in some respects like the presidential veto,
which every body admits ought in certain
eases to be exercised, though it does have the
effect of defeating the action of the majority .
roe t'ontumnna or me united FUies, under,
which alone Congress sets, provides that one
fifth of Ihe members present may demand that
the'ayei and noei shall be taken on tny- ques
tion which may be submitted by the Speaker.
It to also provided that each House may adopt
il own rules of order.' Hitch rules have been
adopted already by Ihe House of Representa
tives, and are, anvil modified or changed by
tire Hnnise -ftsclf, ae-muen
Speaker and every member . as any constitu
tional provision whatever. In accordance widt
these rules, certain motions may be made, and
the aye and noes taken from time to time.
Under the ConstitaUon and these rules, one fifth-
of those member present have undoubtedly
the power to prevent the passage of laws, and
to prevent also the adoption 'of any motions
for a change of the old rule of the House,
Unquestionably tins Is a power in ihe hands
or the minority which might be abused; so.
however, might any other power granted br
ine Conetituitoa, whether given lo the majori
ty, Ihe minority, of to a single individual, as
the president, judge, or other, officer. , If ihe
minority, ibr. mere , factions or alight pur
poses, warn thus to imped legislation, tht
would, undoubtedly, be a great abuse; but if
that minority were, en Ih other band, to re
sort to this system only temporarily, and as a
matter of defend against a well -aa tiled and
gross system of injustice and tyranny on the
part of tit majority, Ihen their conduct would
aot only be no a buss af it powers, but would,
in tact, be a praise-worthy and patriotic action
for lha- proiccuon or Ut essential right or I
uieir eunsuiucms, jsq ciusen nmw a rigm w
strike another person; but tf one is assailed and
beaten, Ihe he islasuii'd in striking the as
sailant until he compel him to desist from his
Bine this mode of resistance was sjugirested.
it seem to have been received with much favor
by Southern men. From many evidence
within my reach, I select Uie following passage
from a letter to me, wnicn aeema to presei
fairly the view taken in the South, so far as
am able to understand it, Ths writer is not
only one whose opinion wilt bar a much
r i . . mi .u i:
wcnfoi aa mil oi anv one nt nmn ini,
from hi Handing and talent, but is entitled
to the more consideration from the fact that,
during a ervic of many year m Corigrea,
ne was not lessuisuniaiisiiea rur mis siwrnir
lion and conservative view than for the firm
ness and ability with which he maintained
llicm. As the tatter iron) wnteft-1 male tne
extract was a private one I do not give the
name of the writer, much as 1 might, by so do
ing, strengthen ths judicioti talemeit of Ih
ease made by him. ne sayat
' "I spprove of your position as resist the pa
sage of the appropriation bills until ths slavery
question is finally - settled. Thar is- a much
better and mora eOeouul plan Uuut lor southern
members to leave their seats, which! have
seen proposed in em quarter; Should the
southern member merely tea uieir vest ana
return borne, it will produce no result; the
North will pocket the public money and latum
at them.- The matter eaa be otlled nowhere
but upon Ih loor of Coiigre, except by a
dissolution oTthe Union, which nobody desire.
If fifty of our oothern member would lay aside
all Other party lie and act firmly and openly
together, ihey eaa force the North to do what
to rigiit, and . what iif oujni in at wim
out hnitiinn.
Sesist all b.Qs for Ih sup-.
of Government aatil this subiect is final
ly and satisfactorily settled, particularly the '
annual appropriation, the army and navy bills.
Let it bs distmcdy understood that you will
oppuoethee measures by every parliamentary
tactie in your power, and thai yen cannot be
bought off, forced off, nor coaxed off, until
justice is don the South; end, in my judgment,
success to inevitable. At all events, if I were
there I would try the experiment unlit March
4, 1851.
"The South has no direct intern In the
passage of these bills, and if the object of refus
ing them to understood I bare no doubt h
will be cordially approved. Should Congres .
adjourn without passing these bill, there will
very soon be organ ixed t powerful party in
the North to put down Froe-eoilism and Ab
olitionism both. I do not think we should be
plagued with either again for om time. In
a movement of this kind every tiling depends
on tie being carried out by firm, honest ao J
true men, and I hope enough auch may be
found in Congress to andertak M, in spite of
all the clamor it will raise is the Nor h and
among those who Kv by ih Government. "";
It to harsh msura, but in my opinion it ia -llie
only oue left to aav the Union and pro
loci the South. Desperate disease requirw
desperate remedies." .. V,
Should this mean of resistance be adopted
by the Southern members, ther would be, I. ,
1l'WJiuWb'l4TOttiinW,;Sft'ii
n the North.' To allay it, fcorever, if they . .
are conaialent and sincere in iheir exprMoe - -.-of
devotion to Ih constitution and laws,
it would only b accessary for a to irmind1
ihem of their own doctrine. If we enmplaaa,
of ih ihreatencd aeuoe of lb majority, they
advise s to refer the mailer to the Supramar :
Court of the United 8 tales, which, they say,
to th great arbiter whoa decision all eitixen.
wholovalaw snd order must submit to. If
they complained of this action of tli minority,
we, of course should recommend them, to, p
ply for red res to tli Supreme Court.
Should that august "ribunsl decide, for exam,
pie, Uiat one-fifth ot the member present bid.
not lh right to demand Ih aye and noes,
Ihen it would doubUea furnish to th com-
plainant such remedial process as the roiw
slitution of ths United States and the law,
provide ia such eases. Should northern gen
tlemen b ao inconsistent as lo deelim? lo await
Ihe effect of this ilow process, then Usey
would probably attempt to change the existing
rule of the House,.,, But a ihese rules have
been tried and- approved by li Americaa
Congress for many years, Ihey are as much,
revsrenced in certain quarters as were llielawiA
of lha Medee and Persisna ia their day. In
other words, soutliern men, aocing how Our
country ha proapered under then rides, may
not choose to have them changed in au$ re
spect, and may resort in th same mean - j
prevent a change as those ibov inuicateu
SluMild the majority in that contingency, a il
a it ha been threatened they will do, attempt
to anbatiWto their owa rule, arbitrarily adopt.
ed, and to displace Ih existing Speaker be
cause or his bueuty to Ilia Uonstiiulion, tnen
Iheir ceoJuet, being iijiUwfuLheoh3,sndrov-.,.
olutioiiary. would luitiff and requir - fon -
sible action oa ihe part of th friend of tiis
Constituuon to resist their attempts, it wouiu
tliu turn oat that th ortbera members,
baring k th first place been guilty of a
tyraauueai abuse theto powra-mW , tho v-v
Constitution sud findiotr thst thai batrumrrdt -- -
contained a provision for th protection f th -
minority, whos rights, they had (ought to
trample on; this majority, 1 say, finding that
they won baulked in iheir effort! by the Con- .
titulion itself, would a second time put them- .
selves in th wrong, by am sppeat to force.
la such a case we, who might as th mean
necessary , to defeat this mvoluti'Miary . mos-
ment, would be atawlinf ieadcfcoc of thsv .
CoaUtuuoa and law. . reeling uie lore -
ol aa high obligation as eould possibly rest
on a human beings I cannot doubt but that ta
lha contingency whom men wii ao uisir
duty withuui negardt to any personal peril .
thai may be incurred. , . , .
On purpos of such a movement asthto
would be to teach ihe North, lliai, under the-
Dower (ranted in th CtonsliiuUon both to ma
joritie and aiinoriuea, great mischief in prac-
tto BjHght b caused. Aa sppeai woujo. uw
In aasitoinlhitmnntnlrmn I "'" goodl
and right, feeling of lb maaae ol ilia
peopto there, and tiiey might thasv iucada.
whether or aot they wer wdling to carry o
our political systea. aa w have hsreiutem . ,
done. , ' - t. j.,-. .
Th time whsn ws ought lo resort to this.
mod of action, I bold, ihould b after a cleat '
detaovistratisn that th majority, by aaarbi
Inry axems of lUeir power, toload, tr dire .
ganl ih eonstilutkinal snd natural rigbiaoi tb
southern portion of ih Confederacy. , When
thia a hall b mad maoiteai wiwn we am ,,
brouffhl to a that th power of this centra.
government ar to be used against our peopla- -that
instead of being their government, it u
to them a foreign tmikottiU oirnmcat- ,
then it i our duly to withdraw all support
from ita tar as our power wilt ssablis-
to do. Northern gendemen, however, teH am
that it would b mora manly, and mor be- '
coming a high-minded and ebivalfOius peo-.
pie, to let legislation take lis course, ana re- ,
art to voluntary remedies. Oilier ef then .
plac great retiane Ita federal srmy and
havy.and aay that without sny trouble to, tb .'
North Ihey will, by blockading couthem porta ,
and aanding troop where they ara needed.
aoon bring the Sooth into submission to such
tow a they may choose to pas. I hare
no doubt but that they sra perfect) w illing,
lhy y, to vol all lh money in the treasu
ry to have their ael sxeeuted.
BjL I tell the swntlemen frankly, that ,
howwrer willing i might b m matter that
Concerned myself alone, to nwk o.oeoai
when there ts aa appeal to my aaagosnunity,
I do aot fed l liberty thua to sot wlwo the
right of other si eat stakes I will not, il I
nar lh power I0 prevent a, neeujesHiv yx'p
ardia those whoes I represent. If there is
to be a collision, I do not wish lh (word of -
Brenout throw into, the ..scale, .agtunst ,jny . .
section. If there is to be a atnilo, m any
vent, between lh Soutli and; like North, I
slesii that thia, til eonvnonUoverwuMtf ""X
stand M a neutral. . If I have power, 1 wil'.
in that event, put , till Government under
bond to keep peace. A in that contest I
know that In Mouth wiU hav the rT,! oa ner
aide, I am not wdling that the FcWjl . army
and navy shall be used against her. Ain-r
the appmpriations tor tlte current year ara
expended, the President will have uo more,
power to the mowy ia the nrssury w til.
Wi;.i')jiVrta5WsJ,.
5 Ms'7