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LEOMDIS 1. LEX IT, itwitlc Eiiiltr,
VOL. XLI.
RALEIGH, WEDNESDAY MOIliWG, AUGUST 7, 1850.
3YX 32;
TBI) WORTH CAROLINA STAR
" It WSUSHIB. WHKLT,
" Br tnoiisj. lei it k sdi "
'OSoo ruarlj opposite th Poat Offloe.) ;
' Tfrni f tlw fipr.
J 60 Mtmni, whM paid l btv"-I 00
if payment t delayed (lire months.
.....' Ttrmicf Idvfrtiiin.
, Knrt, (t line,) first insertion, 1 w
rt order ud judicial dvertiseuieiiU, 2S per
A dedactioa of M) per sent for edTorlisemeuU by
th year, i .
fir All letters snd eooimuiileatioiis B"t be pa
Kemltiaaeeo ei"j -
TUB LAW OF KEWSPArEIIS.
1AU subscribers who do Bo give ixra'ss xo-
Ticl to U eonirarr, ' eonsiucreu mm wrening; ,
contlnoo their sosenpuons.
1 If sabaeribers order the dieooeunaaDce of their
papers, tb publishers nay continue to tend tbem
nntil arrearages aM paid.
S. Ir subscribers neglect or rerus taking their
papers frees th offices to which they art sent, they
nre bold responsible till their bills are eettlcd and
their paper ordered to be discontinued.
4Th Courts hare decided that refusing to take
newsppor or periodical from the office, or remov
ing Md leaving it aaoalled for, ia "prima facia"
evidence of ixtistiosai. rearo.
AGRICULTURAL.
RENOVATION OF WORN OUT
. LANDS.
copy wiuVgreal pleasure the follow
in. excellent paper from the pen of II. P,
Burgwynjt, Esq. of Northampton County,
North Carolina, from the Miy IV o. or Hie
Sontliern Cukivator, in which paper ' haa
been published, in anticipation of the "Patent
Office Report," for which it Was written.
We agree with the editor of the Cultivator,
tha if the 'Report" contained nothing else
than lite essay ill queation, llio money which
win be expended in priming It, will be profita
bly laid out. What Mr. D. atates, is not
theory, which may oTTnay not he truey
but are tliea results of hia own practice and ex
perience, and diereforc, implicitly to be relied
upon.
In reading vlr. D'a excellent communica
tion, we regret t h it I i in 5 and m irl were not a
tailable iu hia district, m either, if used in
connection with his pea-leya, would render
his suit infinitely more productive. It is pos
sible, however, that the stilT elaya which un
derlay the lands of his noighhorhoodt and
which are brought to the aurfac? of hia d?ep
ilmijHo, evHlai notable poriiona of lime,
potash, and salts of iron in various stag' of
oxidition, and ruiy thus afford healthful sup
pliea f the two first named substances I but
even in that eaaCj benefit would result from
the applications onimejti llic quantity so
properly suggested by the discriminating
miudol Mr.- il or, oicu Icii quautilies
"A quantity of lime," aayi Mr. I'uvis, which
dues not exceed thousand part of the tilled sur
face layer of tha soil, a like proportion of!
drawn fastieiynr B-lwo-hundfeJth fart or even ,
Ims of nnrl, are sufficient to modify the nature,
change the products, nnd inercaae by one-half
the eriips of a toil d-ntitute ol tlie calccreous
principte." in arcrh-r psrt f hi - valuable
rajr on the propertica and modee of apjdy
iti lime, he sneaks most approvingly of the
practioa ofihe tmu-r of LnSll(o, franco
who apply every third year, J li bushel per
acre, in coin poat made ol one part lime,
and seven or eight parts good mould or
earth., v
In thoas district of couiUry wliere both
lime and marl are to he h id. but , where the
soil has been exhausted by im;irorid -nl cul
ture, by adopting the deep tilth and pea-ley
system of Mr. U., and by liming or marling
the proprietor of such lands, will greatly add
to tkear prodtteueanaciueit.
We Invite your attention to tlie follow-
'"tMPROVEMEXT OF, WORN OUT
LANDS BY THE -USE OK PEAS AND
- ' CLOVER.
liif It if. D'jrtrtftn, rtj., of Jar h on,
T Korlhampton Cotmh, A'." C.
Having heard from various reliable anuree
f the great' success of Mr. Uurgwynn in reno
vating worn-out land, in North Carolina, we
were particularly anxious to obtain, front hi
own pen, n account' of hi practice in this
important matter, fur th: Agricultural part ol
the Patent Office Report. At ourrcqunst,.VIr.I).
aent tlie lollowing alile'and instruelive essay,
which we take the liberty to publish in the
Cultivator, simultaneously with its gaiug
through' the press at V asiitngton:
There are large bodies of land lying in' Eas
tern and Middle Virginia and North Carolina,
which have been an much reduced by continu
ed cropping, planting tobacco, cotton, and
sowing oats, a no longer to pay die cost of
culuvatior, and are "turned out a waste
land," These really atill pos a good share
-of JcxUli f tand-by v erjr moder i ta ex pendi
kire of labor, and attention to common' aense
principle of agriculture, may bo reclaimed,
and hav their prodrctivenes increased from
100 la ISO ner cent. Thev can be made tru.
y valuable; and I do not hesitate to say, a
lit result of my experience, tint they will
giv greater profit in the eouisr of five yean'
cultivation than ean be drived Irom any except
our rich river lands,
"This is the method I hare adopted, and by
which -1 have increased the product of such
tanda front U to J barrels of com lo 4 barrel
; per sera. The iucrcaseof wheat is propor,
taonably greater than that in com.' My sys
tem of culliure is svbstantially as follows; '
, .j. 1 the "broom siraw," in which these waste
Jands nlway grow op, retains any asp, by
which when turned ondev, fermentation will
ensue, and cause the straw lo rot, let ths land,
as it Is. be plowed with the largest size plow,
drawn by throe or four horses, running a
deeply aa pnsirible aay. not less than ten in-
' vhej and taming everything under. . if the
draw baa no sap, it will not rot in a year) and In
uut ease, burn it off, nnd plow as before. If
possible; follow each plow with a subsoil
plow, and go 9 or mrlre deeper. Thta
will make the stiff rlay. which almost every
Jwhere nnderJic. pnr lajid, more .open to tlie
i'enial influence of Ihe sun and air, and ena
le it to ret rid of the surplu water of win
ter, ar.d heavy rain in Other period of Ihe
year. ",".V", ... .'.' .
About tlie middle nf June, following, when
h weed are about half grown, nnd before
ihey have formed their need, sow die Und
wmadeast at th rate of bushel per sere, of
iy af the numerou , varieties of pea among
".exeept th "blackeyed, which, having
wy httU vine, afford IHO nhade. , Jn si
rite , f prefef fhost which ha tU mot vine
andfipen Wrifest, 1 Whn he land has trroeh ',
: 1 ' ' " ' '" " ' , st- . ; J
J 1 ' - I. j
of weeds or grass npon h. torn nndcr the pea
wiJi any kind of plow, running not over three
Inches deep. . If the land is bare of weeds, 1
prefer covering the pea with a large, heavy
barrow, running both ways first lenrthwise.
and then aerosa the beds. A it i important
to give the peas .a start over the weeds and
grass, I soak them six hour in water, and rub
them in plaster of Paris; and, when they be
gin to leaf and branch, aay, when 13 inches
high, low plaster at the rate tf a bushel
per acre. This stimulates their growth,
and they overpower the weeds and grass.
- When about half the peas are ripe not half
ripe hogs should be turned in to trample and
cut np the vinea, otherwise it is extremely (hi-
fieullto turn them under. So soon a (his
can be done, thiscanbe done, the hogs should
be taken on, for the pea are uaclul lor shad
ing die land from the summer' un a most
important matter in all improv. inent and
ivmg to the thin soil a large mass of vine
eaves and other vegetable substances. Prom
experience in the use of both. I think peas
not inferior to clover (to which family, indeed,
it belongs,) as a specific manure for wheat.
dor, you- have a "pea ley," over which
sow a bushel and a half of wheat per acre,
and six quart of clover sied. H arrow bbth
in thoroughly, and let the work be finished by
the middle of October The return will, of
course, depend somewhat on the quality of the
( "tilir Kehl' hul taaomim ttYn(Rn. aluiii s ill ; I
'oldSeld:
amply repay all Uhorand oulla, anJ aston
ish by the great result' apprenUy from so tri
vial a cause.
1 am familiar with the great increase of
crops from the Use oflime and clover, and I
do not mean to compare the two methods of
renovating land as equal; but, where lime is
not to be had, there is no application that can
compare for a moment, on well drained hind.
It it need draining) with plaster, peas and deep
tillage. No gold mine ia so Valuable as a
good marl pit. I am, however confining my-
sen to in tenor nisiricis, wueie nciiner nine
not marl can be had.
AfWthe wheat comes off in June following
the clover, if sown early in Octo'ier, will !
have grown eo as to shade the land pretty j
well, even on ifr waste lauds 1 speak ot. it
should not be grazed the first year, at all; in
the February after, top-dress it with all the
manure to be had, not forgetting to apply all
the old ashes within reach. This time of the
year, (winter) is best for applying manure in
our country, where the hot sun acts ao injur
iously on a. bure surface. The roots of the
young clover being protectetl from harVT frosts
and sudden changes, by tlie-manure, it shouts
forwarJ with the earliest warmth of spring,
and smoothes all weeds. When weeds ma
ture their seeds, they di.iw upon the Tertiliiy
oflundeqn.il to most crops. Clover gives a
crop cqiul lo any I'llivr. and is all returned to
the land in droppings ol the stock while graz
ing upon it. As 'proof of its profit, for three
years I have never leu my working horses
on- oraiu... or fodder, from the middle of
May till the clover fails. Their are turned.
on the clover-field after the day's work is o-
ver- and taken up in the morning m goodron
ditKHi for service. 1 uae never lost one by
this management p in fact, they improve
from the time they are thus treated, and work
After the clover lias beenjnThe Uriel" Tot
two summers, during which period it has
dropped three crops of leaves aud stocks, and
threby greatly Improved the land, either turn
it under as before, in September or October,
for wheat, or later in the fall fur corn the en
suing year. . In the loriner case, you willhnd
your land aa thickly set a before with volun
teer clorer which ought to remain as a pasture
fur the summer, alter the second crop or wheat
eerneeoflV-'- if-er.inw)df wheat, b-mwn; i
sow pea broadcast among the corn at the last
plowing, soaking tlie seed und rolling them
in plaster as before. After the corn crop, do
not suffer the land to lie out." Nu emu caft;
be more opposed to good farming, than that
which assumes that Kind is improved by "ly
ing out and permitting a crop of weeds to
mature upon iu If we had duly reflected, this
error would long since nave Deun apparent, in
the continued quantity of tliousa id of acres
lying waste around us, not a whit improved
by "lying out. Alter the soil has once been
brought up hy peas, subsoiling, itt deep plow
ing and clover all within reach of the farmer
' .: u- ii - -it
oi uie lanner even in mi
agaiu relapse, unless the
c . , ' a!
iuiiiici varU'nuue mm
senseless practice of exhusuon and neglt.
genet be again adopted. If lime can be
be had, even at a eost or 20 cents a bushel, 1
would in all C3 sea spread it on the land, after
the first crop of peas had been turned under,
(o the amount of fifteen or twenty bushels per
lh. amount o nneen or twemy nusnei. per
re. This quantity . I greatly benefit the land
enable the owner ahortiy to repeat the ap-
acre,
an
Dlieation of a like quantity.
. -. N ote, by the Euitoe. If the Agricultural
Report (ofwliicfi one branchtof ("amgreas Jias
ordered 100,000 copies to be printed, and the
oilier will, doubtless, order half as many
more,) contained no other information than
the above paper, from an eminently practical
man, on the improvement of "Worn out
Lands," we should regard the money as well
expended, A very large share of ihe 32,
000,000 annually paid into the national Trev
aory, is drawn directly or indirectly from the
anil. II mice i; preservation and economical
improvement, are the most important of our
public interests.
(SMOKING CHIMNEYS.
Col. Wm. Mason, of London, in a letfer to
the Builder, says: "I have built many chimneys
in all possible situation, and 1 have found one
simple plan everywhere sueweded the ecret
being lo construct the throat of the chimney.
an that a, man or boy can barely pass
through Si. Secondly,- immediately aliove
this, the chimney should be enlarged to double
it width to the extent of about two (ret in
height, and then diminish agnin to it usual
proportions, no chimney, Mat 1 ever con
structed llio smoked." . , .- .-j - - '
USE OF THE SPONGE IN TIIRESII-
" ' " GttS.
.. Ma. Editor, In your number of Ihe Plan
ter for ihi moothvyou puhlisb an article re
commending the n of llio Sponge in thrash
ing wheat. It reminded me that I had all a
long intended at the proper limn to testify in
regard to lhat matter. u V ' : "'- !
- 1 tried it last rammer .t, my manager, and
my head man, who trad th machine. It an
swered admirably. I, who had never prnvi
ously been ahht to be present for morn thaw a
few minutes whilst wheat, r oat or clover
wa tb reslied, fonnd that I could fend lb
Uy in any ban with perfect convenience: I in
deed, but lor tne ignt oi it, i would not have
known there was dust mere. My managsr
was delighted with his spongei and my
feeder poor fellow, I think must have slept
in his, as I never saw it off his face. Not exact
ly liking the directions you copied I b;g leave to
aimplify them as follows Takes sponge large
enough to cover the nose and mouth hollow
it out nntil it bis like a muxxle wet it, squrexe
it, and tie it on to suit yourself. Whenever
von ftel it getting dry, rinse it. This is an
indispensable part of Ihs plan, as you will
perceive from tlie modus operandi, which
is simple. The labarynthine pores of tha
Sponge catch the dust on lhair moist surfteita,
and turn it to mud dial's all. I huaes.
Inblished the us 3 of it on my farm,
and consider it "a ui-csssaxy of .hreih
ing. I tuKise sll who know me to try it. You
may! advise "the rest of mankind" to djs, if
you choose.
Your friend,
FjtANK G. RlTNN.
Shadirtll, Albrmarlt. .1 29, 1850.
T&ELlAXEfllS. V
THE PHILOSOPHY OF ADVERTIS
ING. Man, they snyris a trading animal the on
ly one. I he wants of each indivulttal are
more numerous and varied than his faculties
and" cafi1c1iiesTtr
Kacli producer oi necessaries or comiuris na
turally produces a superabundance of what
ever he grows or fabricates, and exchanges it
for s competence of other wares or staples a- j
dapted to his wants. 1 he grain-grower has a
large surplus of grain, but requiers nearlv
everydiing else; the pin-mikep Consumes,
perhaps, a dollar's worth per year of his own
nrnduct. and four hundred and ninetv-nine
dollars worth of other people's, obtained by
the sale of his own. And as man rises in the
spate of ci i illation, his wants are increased and
diversified. He labors more, produces more;
exchanges far more. The lowest savage may
produce or gather a hundred dollars' worth
per annum, and exchange ten dollars' wniih
of it for other necessaries or comforts ; while
the population of the United , Stales or Great
Uritain produce at least five hundred dollars'
woth lo each able-bodied man. whereof two-
thirds at least is exchanged by the producers
with each other, and with the producers of for
eign lands. And, as man shall continue to rise in
the scale of intelligence, industry, efficiency
and comfort; not merelv the- awoont- -but -ihe-f
proportion of each man's products exchanged
fur those of others most continue lo increase.
The aggregate of exchanges of property is
probably now-xpauding throughout the
world at the rate of ten per cent, per annum,
though the annual increase of population is
tpwr than three per cent.
But while the aggregate of exchange is
rapidly increasing, Ihe prolits of the exchang
ers teiid steadily to diminish. It is the inter
est 4 ihe" producers of all classes and cliines
tr effect their exchanges with.-eaclLotl'r ns
directly and simply at afl-events, as cheap
ly as' possibTe. Tf miners filtla to liter pro "
il'ueers a a whole -whether price be low or
high, if they be Justly proportioned. If A.,
being a farmer in 1SI5, received a dollar per
ooahatl aWJain tKftKMld.b!lA.
for his coat at 5 per yard, nnd now can ifet
just such broadcloth for two dollars and a half,
while his corn will bring but fifty cents per
bushel, he is neither better n.ir worse for th
chanje, all other things being equal. -But if
in 1815. he paid live bushels of corn for a
yard of broadcloth, while the maker receives j
four bushels and three pecks of com, or their
fulf equivalent, foFevery yard of cloth he rums j
off. then ihere has been real improvement I
in the condition' of tlie prou'iiccrs1 of Mbitr, ! Wftoingur witluinf groan meonipnwiwa nnl inin4
not of corn also. And, as intelligence is dif
fused and knowledge is brought, to bear upon
the most intimate and homely relations of life
the cost of making exchanges in other words,
the charges and profits of non-producing trad
ersmost and do decrease coiituui illy.
But this by no means proves lhat trade is
poorer or lhat traders, ss a class, do wi rs
than formerly. It only proves lhat the num
ber or trades cannot and noes not increase in
proportion with the increase ol trade, without
subjecting them to the necessity of taking
ii . I .:i II..- .-I!.. ........
smaller anil sun oniauer prooia. .i-t-ij
i.i-Uhe numberf-tmdra and of conauuuncrs
of others' products increases, as also the ug I
- , . i !...'. ...l.i
gregate oi prouucia exciiaugcu. j-""y ;r
the construction of canal", railroads, harbors,
steamships, and other facilities of tranporU-
lion and irallic, impels greater sna sun greater
production, with a still larger extension of
commercial exchanges. I he neighborhood
Qhj w,,ich c,4j in hom,.
J d Jid , ,,, w Mctl
, . -f halr,ien.
lury ince, now wear me taoric oi urn ana
New Euieland, and is a' liberal patron of tie
spice-grower-ol.both the Indies, the tea of!
China, the coffee of Braiil, and Ihe" fish of
Newfoundland probably pa ing tturty flol
lor per head for the products of other industry j
than its own, although the average range of
prices is about halt wnal u was in iouu.
X 1 1jr, ii m ,i.v. ....----i, -
is bound lo increase even more rapidly than
it has ever yet done. ;
It is idle, therefose, to say that commerce is
rained, poslrate, because oi erdone. t It is only
the possibility . of making fortunes; by trad
with no decided capacity for tlie vocation that
is vanishing. The time is at hand, if not al
ready npon os, when the mercantile is lo take
rank widi the moat intellectual and arduous of
the liberal professions. The merchant of the
next age most be a genius a financier
man born to be an efficient and beneficent dis
tributer of the bounties of nstue,of thn products
of human labor. If he lack, these essential
eharacteruiiies, let him aspirn lo bo anything
else rather than a merchant (of htk own aake
and for lhat of other. An ineompelelent
doctor may liv though his patient should
not) a poor lawyer may damage hia clieuui
yet potjket their foeat thick-headed merchant
must tnevlialily ruin both himself n4 hia trusv
ing frieiid. T"h ebances thai he any blund
er on and dodge bankruptcy fbr years, hase
grown le and less unttl tfiey are very nearly
extinguished. ....... .,-
It i idle and mischievous to hope for large
profit henceforth, save in rare, exceptional
instance. The general diffusion of intelli
gence and th improvement of thn facilities
for direct exchanges between producer and
consumer, render extensive and regular trade
on the old bssi of small sales and large
nrofiU imrioawble. rif tiie floor dealer of
New .England the eoal .dealers of New
- l Vork, the ahoe dealer of Ohio, will not
u't,,7 ""v uiuiner muuoraiB pnra,
they provoke competitors to supplant and
destroy them; or, this tailing, they incite eon
sumrfs-lo combine and buy at whales ile i
cargo of flour, of coal, of shoes, for them'
selves. Any serious attempt to restore die
old system of sales on long credit to Custom
ere of doubtful solvency, hut at such hijh pri
ces as to compensate for the riak and delay of
pavmem, would only aerv to impel the eon'
smiling classes to withdraw more and more of
their exchanges by agencies and arrangement
of their own. I he practical choice ot the
mercantile class lies not between largo and
small per centages on their sales, but between
small ones and none.
Hut small advances on coit d toot imply
small prolits. On the contrary, there never
was a time when larger prolits were realized
than may be now. 11 us suppose, for exam
ple, that New England consumes annually ten
thousand tons of western bacon, and that the
quantity so consumed is annually increasing.
Now if any Boston merchant at home can
manage to become tlie channel of interchange
between the produccers and the consumers of
half those hams, at art average tie! proflt-M two
per cent., assuming the hams to be worth
vM50perlon.ih.il merchant or house would
clear 15,000 annually on bacon a,lone.
So wilh flour, groceries, and everything
else
These, then, are the essential liases of a
for hbd, wml lha court a-hcTefnrgaffi rms
ahilitv to supply the public demand on aa fa
or able terms as any one else can offer ;
sccondfv, universal knowledge of the fact, and
assurance that it may be r.-lied on. Let a
Doston iL-aler in flour, or meats; or cloths, oi
anything else, be able to supply tfl New
England with whatever he deals m. at the lowest
possible rate, and let all New England be assured
of the fact dial he can and will do so, and
his fortune is made. No matter though his
average net profit should range cveu below
one ner cent., his annual in. -nine must ex-.
cced his necessary expenses by thousand, otj
dollars.
The merchant, therefore, who aims to sue.
eed in business must aim at these two points
first, to be sure that he can stisl'y a wide de
mand for ihe articles he deals in, on the low
est practicable terms ; secondly, that every
boilv within the proper scope ol his buiuess is
made aware of his ability and confident of his
disposition lo do so. These points attained,
he has only lo do his bus in ss properly, as
it comes in upon him, and his fortune is
mailer -
To the merchant or dealer who Is sure of
his ability to fill orders on the most fuvortiMr
terms the attainment of an adequate publicity
is the matter of primary concern. If his cir
cleof trade is properly the county in which he
lives, then he shruld tnke effectual measures
to let every family in that eonnty know what
he sells, and on what conditions. It is idle to
speak of the cost aa an impediment he might
as well object to the cost of sheltering his
goods from bod weather, protecting them Irom
thieves or dealing them out to customers, All
the other cost of his bnsltiess is Uicurcd .wiUi:
out adepuate motive or return so lung as this
esssntiJ element of business is neglected or
scrimped. If his location and his stock only
entitle him to expect the custom of his own
imnnliio or neighborhood, then he should in
cur die expense
ty. Just so with the whole sale merchant whoa
pireg to acustomco-extensivewiihhisstate.his
section, or the whole Union. If he is prepor.
ed to satisfy so vvid a d.imand on favorablr
trrins, the expense, of apprising those whom
he deires for customers of ihe nature of his
business, tlie character of his stock, the range
of his prices und the reasons why he should
he dealt with, is one which he cannot refuse
ous prodigality. By thus refusing, ha increa
ses his expenses Tor rent, .lights and tuel, clerk
hire, tic. from half a per cent, to three, five
and in some ease ten per cent, on his aggre
gate sje, and renders it morally impossible
that he should sell at a profit nod at the name
time sell aa cheaply as his more enterprising
aodeapaMe rivals. Iu effect, ho confesses de
feat and incapacity, and retreats to Ihe rear
rank of his vocation.
Some man who know enough lo sdvertise,
are yet so narrow as to confine tlieir adver
tisements to journals of tlieir own creed or
,ja,v. If thev do not choose, to trade wilh
any but men ol like laitli, this is wise; Jjulif
they d sire hi hare the whole public for cus-
" .
tomeis, it is otlu rwise.
There is a large class who delight to shine
in newspapers and placards aa wit or poem,
and aniinouuce tlieir wares in second hand
jokes or in doggerel fit to set tlie teeth of a dull
saw on edge. If their object is nouiriety or s
tatigli, this is the way lo attain it; bill if it be
business, it would seem beUer to use the lan
guage of business. Leave clown's jest to
ilia circus; let iii'B-r m -n speak a they act,
with directness and decision. The fewest
word that wdl eonreyahajdmtiaer'l ideas
are the right ones.
Men of business are nardy aware of the
iinine.ise change which a few years have
wrought in ill,-! power of tlie Publie Press, . A
few years since, a circulation of three thou
sand copies wa a very large one for a daily
paper; now there are journals issuing forty to
lilty thousand copies daily, while lists often
to twenty thousand are frequent, and rapidly
increasing. As a general rule, an advertise
ment in a paper now will meet the eyes of four
lo ten tame as many persons as a like an
nouncement would have done twenty years
ago. It is easy to plica one where it will
meet the eyes of one Hundred thousand per
sons within two days; or, by using half a dot-'
en papers, to challenge the auentiou of half
milium persons, w lien it is practicshta to
attain such publicity at the cost of a Caw dollars,
and when some actually do obtain it, how ean
l hose who neglect it expect jo build np lew
business f ; An old one may subsist: until its
customers gradually dr ip ulf dy death or jw
movel t but, he who would build up a busi
ness now masl .'be like the tima." and im
prov thn advantages it oflV-rs. Foremost -
inoiig the ia th facility now wdnnply ttf-
iordtal lu..limA,Aqieirtistng,ri t negnt
it is like reaoU'uig never to travel by - steam
nor communicate by telegraph. It is to close
one's eves to the lix-lit, and insist on livini in
perpetual dai kness. An individual may do
this at hi own cost t but a community, a class
will never set so insanely i and ho who ne
glects the advantage of advertising not oidyrobs
himself of his, advantages, but bestows th
spoil on hi wiser rivals, Palmtr't lieg,
Much rain 1 sure sign of we wulicf.
RIGHTS OF THE PRESS. j ror to suppose that he waaa mere decUimer.leult a W have anstrhed the meteors a thrjr
" judge 'oT'oMonU inferior cburts Tn B lh """""""y H"1 ftlghw of fnnry rCTt-t,,ool ithwart tlie sky. t'ould all the hvilli-
New York eily recently decided that newa.,e, ,h nrm basis of reason. Even onlint things that have fallen from Premise iav
papers had the right to publish preliminary ex
animations before magistrates, without render
ing iiiemsotves HaMa to a sun for libel, provi
ded they published the reword und not their
own version of it. Judge Campbell, of tlie
oupenor court, nas,, however, gircn the de
cision oi mat court, oeclannir that the narer
lesnonsible, not merely for the truth ol" iliaal
leged occurences befura the magistrate, but for
tne train oi the complaint itself. The journal
sued was the Courier and Inquirer of New
I om. ana mat paper comments on tha deci-
on with tha consequence to newspapers, as
roiiuws; , - . v ,
It is no part of our nurp se toinoe-vlie To-
gal questions involved, or to dispute the cor
rectness oi me juugmtmi oi tne court, llut it
will not escape nonce that English law alone
is quored by the Judge to sustain hi deci
ion. tie ones not once allude 13 tha ita.
tenee ofanv law of libel to thia Stale, or to snv
circumstance which place the freedom of the
press in the United Slates iion s different foot
ing from that which it holds in Em-land. The
TtJefmldn m British judge nre held to be coli
elusive as to what me American press mayor
fnaynot-piiblish.Thosejudgea have decided that
newspaers cannot publish the proceedings held
in puulio court of justice, in ease of
complaint or preliminary examination, with
out making themselves liable to nroseeo-
that to be the law ofthisKtat'e and enforce ila-
gainst this paper, "It follows, of course that
every papet which publislios police reports be
comes name, not only lor the truth of its
statements, but lor the truth of every tl.ingstated
in court, for Ihe truth of affidavit mak
ing complaint, lor the truth of evidence given
n y witnesses, lor tne truth ol what lawyer
may lay. lor the truth, in short, of whalerer
may be said by any ol the parlies concerned.
which it sees lit to place belbre the public
Every person arrested . lor niuider, theft, or
against every paper which shall mention the
fact and the responsibility of proving his guilt
is then thrown upon the paper which stated the
lact ot his arrest.
S. 8 PRENTISS. ESQ. ...
We place before our readers a speech o
Judge Bollard, st a meeting of the New Or
leans bar, in honor of the late Wergennt B.
Prentiss. It is one nf the most melsnehoty
reflections connected with the death of Pren
tiss, that he leaves behind no solid memorial
of thai wonderful-genius which ennhsined his
auditors ss by a magic spell, Hie glorious
thoughts have passed away with Ihe sound
of hi voice.. Let nahope that some fujor
Wirt may be found to imniorlalixe this second
Patrick Henry;
-Jndge Bollard arote-eml snldy that It wcajld
be more appropriate il the duly of address
ing the Bar, upon the melancholy occasion
of their sssembling, hsd been assigned to s
younger man. He ws old snouKh to be
the father of the. lamented deceased, and
was far advanced beyond (list period -when
Ihe thoughts and feelings suitsbln to such an
occasion, find uUeraue in words of appropri
ate fervor and ' eloquence. But he had
known the deceased for twenty year he
fflwriaHcd iothao at warm femdhi pm daep
and ardent administration, that prompted
him, deipite age and many - deficiencies, to
hear testimony lo his remarkable abilitiesand
great worth as a man a liwyer, '
When I first made the acquaintance of 8er
reant S. Premiss, (continued Judge Billiard.)
he was then a" mere youth, and was emerging
from the condition of s sehoolmasier, and un
der the solicitations nf some, discerning friends
embarking in the prielice of law, In first
following tfti 'pforwsTnlifiic1inoT Miis'tt'rtnhe'
pursued the course almost invsriably adopted
hy the eminent men who come from the
section of the Union where Prentiss was born.
Nearly all the great men In N. England hi
produced have pissed through the condition
of schoolmaster. Il may U (aid lobe th
chrysalis stale of her gent men, ' Before they
expand their wings and essay to soar alofi,
they discip inn their minds and tempers in
the humble sphere of the teacher. It was so
of John Adam, and many other of the great
men of New England. Thn man from
whom I learned the first rudiments of know
ledge. Became r xhief jinttire, and my brmh-
er had an opportunity or imbibing hi first
elements of knowledge from no less a man
th n the present distinguished Judge Wood
bury, of ths Supreme Court. P. passed
through litis ordeal, and soon emerged into
the active world, a ripe scholar and a brilli
ant genius. . It wa not long liefore hi great
talent were discovered and appreciated, it
wa not long before the renown of his oratory
blazed through the whole country, and his
reputation as an advocate became coeval wilh
the lioundariea of the Renublie.
He was a uaiive of Maine, the extreme of
the Nurt!ierhStat'. Reasoning priori,
one would suppose ihst the charaeier of his
mind would have been a cold, olid compact
a tlie granite their hills that hi nature
would have been root, cautious, sedate
and prudent t and yet how different was
Ihe real man! Ilia sou! wa as fiery as lhat
of the Arabian; his heart was ss warm if
iis first throbbing had been made beneath
Soutliern sun j hi imagination wa as luxu
riant th vegetation of Tropics, as fertile
ss that of the author of the Thousand and
On N'ght. l , ,' .
Tia Flora fifths Swtlt I richer and more
abundant than that of tha Tropins.' Every
flower her sends forth it fragrance, and du
light the aye with iu bloom; hut, now and
then, there springs up from cum atcrile crag,
or at lli fool 4 some snow clad mountain
of th North, beautiful flow ret, which, in
fragrance and beauty, exceeds the choicest
product of the Tropic. The heaven near
tha Equator are bright and refulgent wilh the
ray of the sun, and golden) radiance sur
round, every object; but me cold and dark
North is omctiiue lighted up with the tiiie
ouallad refulgence of tha! brightest oi celest-
phennman -thn Aurora Ikweab. l
South, taiere anr numerous foi-anoe wnlefi
periodically bdeh forth bright and devastat
ing flame, but none of them eieeed in grand
eur til vt volume of fir which liscls send
ond forth from ii deep caverns, to roll
in desoealing torrents down it snowy sides.
. Mr. Premiss possessed the most b illiant
iinaginstinn of any man of his day. II had
more of the talent of the Italivn Improvisa-
lori than an mall living,, of,. perhaps .than
sny tnsn dead. ' ' It wa, nnweeer, a gwn er-
convival occasions, when he gave full reins
to bis imagination- hia oratory consisted of
of something more than gorgeous imagery
spaikliug wit and brilliant language. There
wa always soma solid principle, some well
settled doctrine on wl ich his most brilliant
metaphors and oratorical High is rested. (
wa not satisfied merely with . throwing mil
a fa w smart things. I he rich ornaments and
brilliant gem which hung np in the jewelry
of hi tmaiftnalion were used lo Uecx,
brighten, and render more brilliant and con
spicuous, some valuable truth, soma solid
principle Such -wa hi remarkable gill ni
throwing an inmrtjnii,." brauty-trver all
the object upon which his fancy lighted
that under hi hand a truism became a novel
ty
Asa lawyer, lean testify that Mr.' Pen
tie possessed great diligence of research.
His arguments were always solid and tho
rough. Indeed, it wa sometimes objected In
him, lhat lie urged points ton thoroughly and
fully. He never struck a nail that he did
not tllmnt n. tilit uniHlmieC Clinched II fd
tight as to break off tlie head. . It is oocom
mon fault of lawyer of great intellectual vig
or and fertility, mat they preea an argument
so far as ta produce the impression that tlieir
convictions are not sincere; not satistaelory
lo themselves. . llut Plenties had a remirka-
bhr factttty-of-mahiaig all -euhjtsctA -auraciive
and inleresring. tv hen " attended court in
the country, the intiimiion that he was about
to speak would attract to the court house
crowd of ladies and Irom miles round, . I
remember well a plain.caaw oT usury which
he had once to argue at a couniycourL and a
great crowd assembled to hear him. Most
of us would have argued tha case on dry
principles, cm adiudicaied eases, but in Pren
tiss, hand, it became a prolific, theme for ihe
richest imageiy and the most striking illus
tration. He made Shylm-k more ludeous
ami re vol ting bywtrngnrtf hwg satire and in
veclive against Ihe. ntnrer, . In truth there
wss no chasm so wide that he could not ores
it with Ilia rainbow nf hi imagination.
rainbow in whieh the brightest and mort vs.
ried hue were beautifully commingled into
one gorgeous circle of light and brilliancy.
The fame of such a man s 8. 8. Prentiss
rnuld not h narrowed down to tha limit of
any Slate or section. It extended all. over
lie country, it shone with splendor in Hi
halls of Congress in olher cities and jSlateaJ
hven in Fanruil Hall, appropriately called
the Cradle of Liliertr here th first words
nf independence were heard, and where the
orator of llie country hav thundered forth
their noblest efforlst where Adams, Everett,
Webster, Dexter, Choaie, and others hsd lone
maintained an ascendancy er the minds
and heat of that cold, reflecting. :bnt.intnller
nial pmiple, there when Prentiss appearril
and poured forth tha burning torrent of hi
gorgeous elocution the whole audience would
rise to their hl under the Influenca OL hi
magical power.".. :,..- .
1 have- beard-moil firimr snstr itltftt'Of .the
age, snd can freely say, that I never beard a
man, combining in so remarkable a degree
li e reasoning faculty, with such brilliancy oi
fancy and felicity of language, : - There are, no
'wtaaJjfelMaVantmta
cultivated language and fancy but none who
rolled such brilhant thoughts, such Ingenious
metaphors, such exhaustiess wit, In these
respects, hi s perehe were like ihe most brill
ant dispalys of the skUful pyrotechnist, -
But, gentlemen, I intrude too fir upon your
indulgence, I haidly knew how lo begin I
I do not know when lo amp on this thsin.
It i inexhaustible. . ,
Poor Premiss i what can 1 say of Ids
;qHtSlhioriht! hei.rtw1ii wn dWrmr'thrf
charms i-f hi social Intercourse! Old as 1
am, hia society wss nnn of my greatest plea
sures) It made me feel young again. Hia
conversation resembled the kaleidoscope, in
the variety and brilliancy of iu hue and ob
ject, - The darkest cloud was fringed wilh
the lightning of hia wit, snd hi beaming lin
ai'malion adored every subject it touched.
Who would have thought hut .that I, worn
down with age and infirmity, would hare pre
ceded him to tb dark rale of the Shadow of
Death! Why should I, passed so far beyond
ihe meridian of ife, he spared, and he, In the
vigor of life andjnalurity otstrenglli, be cut
down I y the relentless arrow nf the Archer
Death! But lhat is an inquiry which it
may not'be proper to. paraue. ' Inscrutable
are the way of ProviiKuc, and it become
n to submit wilh fortitude and resignation lo
His decree. '' ;,: ? '. !
' Pre I close these remarks, allow ma to tt
press my Warm thanks to ihe editor nf the
Delia for the truthful and eloquent eulglum
which that journal contained of tlie Virtues
and genius of the lamented deceased, pro
ceeding, a it doe, from tenllemen of oppo
site political sentiments, il doe credit to the
heart snd head of the. writer, and is one nf
the most touching and eloquent of effusion I
eer read, "'..."., -' ' "': ;
Gentlemen, it i the fit f tli Improvisa
tor, that though his influence 1 so strong snd
visible, snd hi. fame so brilliant snd extended
in hi day, he leave behind him but few and
fainl memorials of hi genius snd greatness,
Such i eminently ihe Case wilh orators like
Patrick , Henry and S. R. Premiss. The ef
fect of their oratory live in thn memories of
thus who enjoyed the rare happine" of hear
ing hem. Iluw' many brilliant effusion
have we all heard from Prentiss, Which hav
no permanent record, and whie'i pa away
with the memories of those who heard them,
t will slate an incident illustrative of , thia re
mark. There wis, some years ago a meet
ing held at Ur Ci.ipp' church lit object of
which was raise , aubae-ipiion tp pro.
cure) a statue of Franklin, to be executed
by the great American artist, Ilirstn Powers.
The ocuasiofl.ealv d forth ail the . ehqiieiH-e
and' amre i ot thought of Richard Henry
Wilde, then fresh Irom the classic scenes ('
lulian art. It happened lhat Prentiss had
just arrived in the eiijr. I! wss dragged
mm tlie-rixMS iy nr:Iffeuils, inalfjainor.
i noly called on for t spoeK-h. He arose, ob
viously surprised and embarrassed,- but
warming . with th theme and th occasion,
pvoceeded W pmir fc-rlh one nf the most bril
liant and remarkable out-burst of oratory
which 1 veuture to aavrrt ever fell from an in
dividual, ao anddenly fulled on! ; It display'
ed a most sstonishing familisriiy wilh th po
ets aud fin ana, and yet ol that speech there
exiais no vesiitre. To have caught up it brib
itsBt snintillationi would fivi been f diffir
his career he collected and preserved, they
woulJ form volume s rich and various mm.
that of Shekspeare. There would be foun
heantifiills' blended, the humor and ribaldry
of Falhilaff, the keen wit nl Jilercutio, and ihr
overwhelming pathoa-of Iar. -
But. alas! the wand of thn magician, tnw
wnnd of Prnspero, i' broken! W ehall no- -i
more hrr Wloqnn! lone, langh over hia
mirth-provoklntr wit, weep over hi temlef sr
touches nf true feeling, or behold wilh sdmt- -ration
Ihe rieli gem which he dragged p -
from the depth of hisimaginaiion.and exhib-
ited to an admiring world, ' " '" .?.-'--- a
"The etitihl estiped towers, the cmrireTOS palaeesv ''
Th sokma Templeo the ret (loh Itwlf, i -Tea,
alt whiek It Inherit, shall dissolve, -
And like Uiis nnrubetanlial pageant faded, - , "
; leave aot a rack behind !"' 1 "
Deeply i it to be regretted, (hat wliilsf '
ihroiiih a polluted ores, the penny literature- ,.
of die day I beginning to engross th mind ' s
and imnginalinn of th) rising generation j
that the ibonchts anil Idea of uch a man an- '
8, 8. Prentisa should bawjaa permuienl taF S
langihle form. " - .'.- .
I be Mr. Chairman, in conduainB, lti -M
move that a eommiiee be appointed lo draft
revolution, expressive of the feeling of tlin-
Ur on ilu occasion. j., ;-,
LASTXS' DBPABTMENT:
ADVICE TO .lOUNtt LADIES. - -Trust
not In uncertain riches, but prepare ' .
youraelffor every emergency in life." Leanr
to work and not to be dependent upon er .
ant to make your bread, aweep your floor, -
and darn ywr own stockings. Above all .
things, da not esteem loo highly those honora
ble vonng men whoanaiain ihemaelve by lha - .
work of tlieir own hands, while you care for.
and receive into your company, those lazy,'
bile popinjays, who never lift a finger to help.
tlieinelve o loug a tliey e in keep soul ana ...
body logelhcr, nudge! luiricieivt to liv in huh-
ion, .-.-4- . S-M -. ' T-J
Yonntr women remember this, and instead
of sounding the purses of your vain lorer, and
examining; the cut of llieir costs, look into their v
hearts and habit. . Mark if they have tred;a .
nd can depend upon thrmselvea; set if they
haveminds whii-h will lead Ihein to look
hov a butterfly' esiaienoe, and to love andi
respect their parenl. I alk not ol the oea
tiful while akin, nnd the soft, dclieated and
the fine appearance of the young "entleinan-
Let not these foolish considerations too mucla ,
engross your tlionghta. 1 ' - .
i-DON E'TO THE LIFE.'' "
Any one who ha heard a fashionable- young; ,
lady aing at -an-ovenlug party and- whu
haa not enjoyeil that extraordinary plassuref : -,
wiI .Jiriyse .thefollowint . picture
drawn from llo 3ifcuT";Il.l' . ' ' ,", .... - '
"The vonne lady oobeniglod to the piano, .
first throws a timid glance around the room,,
ostensibly to avincs a gentle confusion, but
m reality to sen who M looking at ner. sn -theft
jubeervM tactile iiijaot .-Ua. .hosvi -
Mhal she is wot in vory good oka,' whuui ah.
confirm hy hunt aniuid, omelliing between
a siglvamiloand a single knock, cough. T"hd
hosle replic. Oh, but you sing an delight,
fully. Tim young lady answers,' 'thut ft , . .
wmsiswainw thw-wiasrmg
opinion, ahe make tome- young gentleman) - .
exceedingly Joyous, by g.vimr him her bo) .
quel to hold; and drawing off her glove in th
roost sppr.ivcd sty t, lucks lliem behind on
of the camlleslicUs, together With her flimsy '
handkerchief, In urh a fashion ihal il deep
laced'bnrder or . embroidered nnme may bf . .
een to the brat ail vantage, ; The lop of lh
nlano. which had been opened for the quad-"'
rillet , i (lien shul down by an active gentle),
man, Wlw ipiwiea til Cngeri' iii the attenjpfi
the musician forms s serie of dissolving view, ,.
and disappears-, and no one knows where, noi
ever will) and the young lady take hef ple
at th piano, and he play tits chord ot .
tlie key hs is about to luxuriate - in every'.
one i not perfnedy ilent-, m nhe nd lh -music
etouf is ton high, or too low, or some- ,
tiling of lhat kind, and the pedal appear ,
ceedinglv- difficult to Be found. At length,
every thing being aiill hepUythexmphonjr4
again, and then smiling at the' hostess and say. ,;.
ing that 'she i certain that she shall brenk t
down," bring otrt the opening note a th raw i
ciiHtlver-which makes the drops of thn eltan)-....
delier vibrate again, nnd siloneo a couple wti
are whispering ail sorts of soft nothings on a,
causruss in the bek drawing room, ,( - 4
v 1 A SERIOUS KISS. .
A Caution to frank ' Yotmg- Ladirt with 1
f ,jUoatt! jwvtn. '
. An Austrian noblsman.onu of tlie handsom (
est and most accomplished young men) in .
Vienna, w ' passionately in love with
young girl of almost peerles beauty. She) v
was ilia dauglier of a man of great rank and
influence at ennrt, and on these consideration -
a well as regard to her charm, she wa lol- .
lowed by a multitude of suitors. Bh wa biv-..
lyand admirable, and treated hem with affabil
ity which will kept thru in her train, although r
it wa generally known lluu aim had avowed
a predilection for the Co. ot, and lhat prep-
ration were making for their nuptial. T ho
Count was of refined mind delicate scnsibil-
ityi ha loved borfor herself alone for the vir
tu re which be behaved d well ia a benliful funn. "
Like a lover of such perfections h never ap- ',
prosches her without timidity, snd when ha -touched
her, a fire shot through hi veins ih-rt (
wsmd him not to invade the sanctuary of her
lips. Such were hi feedings, when one
n'ght at the house of his intended fiilior-iie- .,
law, a prrty of young peopl aeaeinbled lo cele
brate a pertain Wsiival. S-'Veral of th young ;t
lady 'a rejected suitor were present. , For- .
frils was one of tlie pastimas, and all went on
with th grewet rueriment till- Ui Couut was
eommanded by some winy young lady to re- .
deem hi glove hy saluting the eheak of his in-
tended brule. The Count blushed Ircmliled
advanced lo iiis , luislres retreated nd- .
vanccd again and at last, with atremour llval -shook
every fibre of his frame, vith a modest
grace be put Jn his f ipr rbr soft ringleae lhat r
'trinyed ttion herc?iccfi', anil iri evident canfu- ,
sion retired to demand his redeemed pledge.
His mistress gaily amiled and the gams weut
on, ' - -v ..- -
One of her rejee'ed suitors, who was of a
merry, uuthinkiug disposition, was adjudged
hy the tame indiscreet crier of forfaits, "a
his list treat before he hanged himself, lo
snatch a kiss, from the oNj vt of hi recent
vow., , A lively contest en.uej between tha ,
bdy-'aftd, grn'ltmTT it A fr iria'ro,
p..t . . ; '- ;.Jt -.
--. -m'mkr sir',
a i