W01AS J. LEU), Editor.
30JTI C1E0LH I "Nwrrf al in Intdlrttnil, ooril lid phjiirtl irioimt, Ibt lud if tar tim lid kome f nr ifftftloit."
lEOSIDiS I. LEIAT, luoriitt Editor,
VOL. XLI.
RALEIGH, WEDNESDAY MORNING, SEPTEMBER 18. 1850.
NO. 38.
THE NORTH CAROLINA STAR
II ri'HLIHi:lt WKSKLV.
BY TfllUAS J. LEW SOI.
(OSce nearly oppoit th Poet Offlc.)
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THE XORTII rmOIJ4 1 iRMFK.
THK LIKE (IF Till: 'FARMER.
nv mr. r. o., or anson ro., s. c. j
Tl..... ::..T.v..:;.l.:.., !..-. :C .;f te' :.:
now inut ociujroi is lilt; mi in inr runner
. . , . ' f , , . ...
mm ..I i: .v. . i
lion: l nr. pnv sic lau may oilier in ins ouice, ! .
gazing nt the sightless sockets of ghastly skele
tons, or on the alfetvrs'ut Ins nauseous drug,
lilt hi own stoinnch heaves at he sight, or
his heart desponds "with hope deferred''
the 1
.awyer listens in vain lor the ran ol aeli-;
J . I I
nil atdiis door, or sils poring over his dusty
old hooks till his hc;td whirls with too much
study and alixictv the Editor in iv sit cooped
up in his s.inctiim, culling the choicest mor
sels to regale the minds of Ins readeis. lhnuo.li
himself may go supperle to bed 'tis only
Ihe rainier who Is comparatively mu jieud-1 j;
(int. lie rises with the dawn and is repaid1
fur lhi fl-icntii'i. liv lli. H.vo.'l ."iri.lio.r ..I' n.o
morning lark, as she soars lord, on the w,ng 1 "I'"'- Xo M hw bud the se.vm, pot
and pours out lo-rl giatelul inuti.u. Ileji.re ; ,,M" UrP and mealy you are sure to have,
"tlie sun has f unk' the dew" from the How- and that without any trouble after plantiug.
r, he steps rr:li with el.isiic in-:,d and buov-1 We call them hem "y a lmvo an
ant spirits ami "I'eels himself every inch a trouble to work or dig tlieni. Wlieutba harvest
man." He foliates with inv igorated lungs the i comes just raise fie straw and you hare before
pure air of heaven, laden with a llinusand de
licious perfijincs. He listens with di light to
the cackling geese, ihe lowing herds, Mealing
lambs and grunting swine, lie looks around
on bis broad acres of nistloio com, Waving
wheat and b-)Mlitiefriiit trres, ami" "fiom "nut
of the nhnnd-lllck. nf blK !w:irl Ittv imt,i;h mc '.L.
eth" these Almighty Farther, ih.se an- nunc. !
mine by the niiinilii ence ol thy bounly, and
the sweat nl my brow."
Tlii ti who. with lull' an eye, hut can st Ihf
bcainy ofihe Fanner's IrlV ? ..
rrnl.'ssioiifi an ui 4;)il(-iit our iipMii .irio'.li-
rr, ;iriu an, up'iii .ru' Murdv I rnifr .or whrrc
wild to ni-i ke lit'.' plraLim. H n 1 i u U in
prmiity iIih l'lmi' r n i vnv' rl roilur:
f frclil" into ft hmI h:uJ ni:uent ;uiil i! ere are
f'w ;ir:irlcs, rrallv iH-re-i-arv t. his fornfori,
whirl) he catinoi hiinscl grow. His g'nlt-t)
vwtrtftm-pmritrrnir'fr
itia da,rv suonhes In.,' with the ,wre..at hut. i
ter and richest cream. It has been nuainllv
written "thatan iiudi tout Astronomei is mad,"
and with propriety may ihe observation be
made of die Irreligious Fanner, for he is etcr
surrounded with associations which should
prompt him to deeds of piety am! generosity.
Trie.ii,c,,i'siMen;fid' .Us I,e 4 of the
king of ,lay" as he seem, lo rise Irom his !
silvery bed. io resume his I ,b,.rs and shed his '
cheerful rajs on the gladdened earth the
b...utm .ceiierv which meeia Ui tve al
every turn; .he new inownfrass and luxuriant
clover in his meadoit s. all. evfrvtHttKare i... i
centives to worship; lor w ho, with soul mnijcll
lo admire nature, can do h as than to adore
"nature's Author" too. E er are his sen s
ol sight, smell, taste and hearing, rejoicing in !
atl.it to tliem is most gral lul. rm: manure
in Ills Stable variU nt which the rolino.l I'...,
recoils and -turns up Ins nose" m d.sousl, to ' T Jpr " g '"W participate m our solic
him. has no nllcnsiye odor. The sight, raih- t,Uule' AV'Uwlr e PT' P
er gladdens his Pves. for he knows that rwm the auhjee I, minutely detailing the p ocesses
such eunupt beds' of vegetation there will em- !""! ar"" """J b' hl,n- x' ,acts are h,Kh
anate a living source losnslain and . heer those 1 'v ""''"'"""f' oml "; "fW ""'n"e
whom he loves 'and who look to linn fr sup-1 ,1,""e to know tore. Lit. Jlmerxcan lor-
nort. ' 'knnn. 1.. !..;..,;. ,
l.aura
wife.
V Hildas, that ve would not he a Farmer's
i iru.oii: e wouid-oe-uristorcrats, j e
tc soap-hicks, coiileinn not the Far-
dandies
mer s lilc. for his is a elorious an honored and
a godlike calling, for
"Who makes this barren earth
A psradisu o"f Health,
And tills eaeli humble hearth .
With plenty, life und health?
Ob! 1 would have you kuow,
They are the men of
The men who reap and sow.
The t'Ukr nf the soil."
PINE LANDS.
THE MJST TI.KATMKNT FOB THK.W.
From a (ieorgia paper we rliii the follow.
mg suggestions as lo the proper plan to he
pursued with pine lands the value nf which
"u''u f'rn u'"! fr n'mst If, We regret j pearh tree removed two or three degrees
that the article as lost its earmarks, so thai j south will piove an uncertain bearer. I fur
we know not positively to whom lo credit it. iher believe lhat the iiimcdiatcdereiidan'a hv
Webelieie ilia from one of the Macon pa-1 bud or graft artt no heiter than the original
!" .... I I helieve the testimony sustaining these
.... ..... r.Y ,8 ,, , in one tarmcrs
tnai tne pine leal or straw is dcleteriou to ;
land, consequently, we annually ace the 're
gion of the pines' burnt over ft ir the purpose
of destroying that poisonous; suljsianoet Do
such farmers ever reflect upon the wise pro
vision of Providence! For what purpose
doe th foliage annually (all? I it merely
that new leave may put forth lo adorn and
IjMUtiiy die trunk! By no means ll is thai
Mtey ihey (u through their gradual and suro
Sl! rturnin? tlie earth not only nutriment
wbicJuhe earth had given tliein, but thai rich.
erij?Mrtrhlcfl if jffyfij taken frtvn'lhe almos-1
IMve. It well known lhat pine soils lack
JWtwfc, and it i. proven by tseieniific analvmv
bayondwvil or debaie. that the plne lel eon
laini more potash than the lcfof any othertree
W P T" c .?Be 0f nrM principle, in
'Ui irowdi nf al nb,nl. -j .,. ,
u i" i . r r ' u veeeiauie.-
M,d"-,1Hi'-y then to deMroyth.
n?i ly Salure lo enrich
pme land and then murmur at unproductive
Farmer, who eblfivau, p, land, pre
"n" i r fod. (mm Ihe ruthless flamei,.
over vour co.nu -...t
wJ yourstahle with pine stra
your
horse . lols
The treed-
ing l tlic animals wnn ini'ir manure anui-n,
w ill goon decompose it, which ill make
fine compost lor your vegetable garden.
Husband your pine straw as you would hus
band your crop, for with il you can make any
crop, in the bounds of reason, that you may
desire. The finest Irish polatoea that air
made in this climate are made under pine
straw. The crop has proved almost an entire
lailure in tliis section this season, and vet
'could Ireland,' never produced, more 'mealy
pralic' lliiin ill v, crop turn out this season
.j.,,,,,,,) unuvr slnivv Tiere iave ivPn niallv
failures in attempting tocultiirate the Irish po-
tatu in this manner, hut i". lias beetl owing en
tirely to not truly covering with straw.
I.i k.c iljc ,k-ll)jWiw&JM$Wl,.JM
His neat on n rock, they say u a lew straws
make such miserable potatoes, what would
loads do? Those who would have good Irish
potatoes, no matter whether the season be
w et or dry, plant as follows, and you will not
only get a (rood return of delicious potatoes,
hut you will enrich the soil and sate culture.
As soon after Christmas as possible, plough
the piece of ground, designed for potatoes o
pen trenches six or eight inches deep, and two
ieet apart aoross the ground, fill the trench with
partially decomposed leaves and wheal, oat, or
pine straw. (Jut the potatoe once in two, place
the cut side downwards on the straw, aliolit
six inches apart, now cover all with the re
maiimie eaith on lop ol the ridges, until it is
level, then east on pine straw until it ia eifh
teeu niches deep all over the. piece it will re-
r. i. I
quire no after culture, and
such succeeding
) far,
will increase in productiveness. As
the W inter and Muring rains heal down the
straw compactly, deemnMtiliMi coutnieucea
at ihe bottom, and no matter ho dry the sea
son in ii v prove, there is always moisture, and
...... I I I !..
. ' .
MrttTitirr x-p srrm have nine loreirl. -4rin4
t ' J i
i ' pine straw is the very best manure for pine
lands.' "
We may be penuitt"d to add our own expe
rience in resjiect to this mode of cultivating the
Irish Potato. We have partially tried this plsji
r two seasons pant, and the result has been
ore favorublu than could have lieen ruasonabij
yuu a noMt nf potatoes to each vino,
and dean and ready for the pot.
An intelligent farmer in Jhnat
all sound
I (foU"tV,
who has fir years back been aware of the value
uf.june.atra:. julbruii tu. tljJ.t he, Jias. it Jiajiled
into bis barn yard, which, (together with wheat
,JHl
raw, cnrn-st silts, ic.)'wHen trauilAcd
j by the cattle, and earn h'd by their excrements,
j he has made into a compost heap: and finds it
t,he most pmtttnble manure used mr his farm.
EM. Sua.
mmm
I WASIHN(.TOX COF.NTY, (MI).-)
! A subsr iSer ill Washiiijrlon Co. gives the
J follnwing brief arTotim nt the renovation of his
j land, to the Editor of the Farmer:
I Sonie years ago 1 perehased a tract of laud
! w hich h id long been farmed on "the skinning
,"'M'r "! h'.ov"rrow"
with blue grass, tine held ol twene acre ac
tually produced only thrrr buthrh nf ryr to
Ihe arre the year before I purchased it. In a
few years I succeeded in raising twenty-eight
bushels of w heat to the acre, by actual mea
i .1 .1 .i- I j i
" Z u 1 T T
'h''" ,7T ,
"f tt 1"t'' '''".""''" . And I had a field of a,x
"' adjoining, which at my hanest haml.
f'Hl"-'d snll bellrr. I liad alsolweke acres
on my last years cornfield, needed after the
r;rn. a eul up, wl.icl, was really beauufid.
1 lle l""",s ' rc h'W fj1, ,h" "ln"d
! very regular, and the straw was 'as blight as
i leghorn.' "
The very striking improvement, as detailed
j above, efTi:clf d hv our Wasbiugton Co. friend.
; make us profoundly solicitous to know the
the nieasn used hv him. and we are sure out
nifr.
PREPARATION OF CUANO.
A friend suggests that much lime may lie
saved by those using diiano, in us prepara-
lion, ii v grinning tne lumps In a corn and con
'crusher. He says, lhat he accomplished in
j otic day, what would have taken him three
j weeks by the ordinary niodn. The plate
I sliouldhe li:ken out and cleaned after the opcra
I tion. American Tanner.
IMPORTED TREES.
Mr. Robert MonliroiTierv. of Nanolenn.
Miss., in a letter to the editor of the Southern
Ctiltitatoi, thus give his experience with
--ifmit trm s hroliohl from Northern latitudes:
I believe a ' peach Irce transolaiited from
i north of 40 losotilh of 31 will not hear fruit,
lexcent to a lerv limited evient. I believe a
opinions is almost incontrovertible, rrntiahlv
$100,0(10 at
are paid annually hv the South
lo the North lor fruit; trees. If 1 am cor
rect in the above, then this drain . should be'
stopped -- j" :
METHODS OF DESTROY I NO BATS.
1. A rorresx)nilenl of Ihe Miirk Lane
Exjiret sugsesl ihe fjdlow ina plm fur the
des ruction of lliesr nlmoiiiajs vermin: Feed
rith flour snd a few sweet almonds bruisi d
and mixed together wiili a small quanlitv of
ireakle. to lorin a pajiuyadd.a fe drop ul
on oi anuHco; ki a of 0 nighls, until lliej1
take it 'rpejy, never (ayjng more, of the mit-
Uire than klicy will eat up clean ; then "add a
teaspoonftij of earbonate of banjtei to about ft
pound oi me paste. I preler the borytis to
arirnir, il being free from .the taste of ihe ars
seam, which die rata will never take a second
time. By using the above composition I have
kept my premise clear at the expense of a
of a few shillings a year,. . .".
2. The editor of die American farmer hf
found fresh fish die most acceptable bail
which lo sprinkle artenie fat the destruction
of rat. In the first place ihesc animal are
passionately loiiu ol Iron nan, while tiieiri
ais:rongodor entirely dcsltov the acid flavor
ol the poison
PROFITABLE RESEKTS.
A gentleman of thia city, Baltimore whose
farm ia situated a few miles out on the Fred
erick road, gives the following results of his
farming on a Held of 19 acres, the yield of
which was a litde more than 32 bushels of
w heat to the acre:
540 bushels sold for G51 30
70 do for seed, at $1,U5 per bush. K7 50
Slraw sold, ' 200 00
I .'haff and some stra unsold.
t'JM 86
,ofiifQiIitr(iQii., ... ..
Ploupl.i .g and harriwim; IS)
acres, at tl per acre, 114
Seed for do.. 47
00
50
Harvesting and Threshing at Vi
per acre, 38 00
Done dust, at $10 per acre, 190 00
Threshing and bringing to market
010 bushels, at 13 cis, per hush
el, 91 50
(481
00
Net proceeds,
$457 80
American Farmer.
fT"Ve copy the article appended, from
the North Carolina Slur, a paper thai contains
I among. oilier valuable information, several ar
ticles particularly interesting la. the Farmers:
STARCH' FHO.M 1MUAN COKX.
Many of our readers are not aware of the extent
uf this new branch of maaufacture, which we hope,
soon to see take the plaeeof whiskey distilleries in
Iheeonstttnptfott of our great American sfjifde, -Indian
com. There is now in operation, at Oswcau,
New York, a manufactory that consumes Tf.Ono
bushels of corn a week, which makes AO.OOO lt. of
the whitest and most beautiful starch fur all domes
tic purposes, whether for the laundry or pantry.
It is found that this starch is siiierior to any
other for culinary purposes, because it is always
made from clean, sweet corn the gluten of which is
generated by a peculiar process of grinding and
washing, the corn being first steeped in a chemical
liquor, then reduced to pulp, sifted, and filtrated,
and passed into huge cisterns, whence iti flows
through long, narrow troughs, draining off the water
through coare cotton cloths. In twelve hours, the
starch becomes like wet clay, capahleof being hand
led and dried, a process that requires much 'Care
and a powerful beat. The residue of the com is
used for feeding hogs and other domestie animals.
Th is is a new use of Indian com. but eue, we hop,
that sill prove profitable to the manufacturer and
induces very uir-ge oonsuiuption of this grain; ami
thereby increase the price to the grower.
The new use lo which this valuable staple is
applied, will eventually enrich those aeetions
most convenient for its production and the man
uf iciure of s arch.
I'pon the penisal of the shove article, it
instantly fleeitrred to tis thnt-Norfolk or Ports
mouth, would be an excellent site for a starch
manufactory. This port being the receplacle
for ihf produce of a large Com growing region
nearly all of the immense crops made upon
the UoauoVe river lnune sent here, eiihtr for
re-shipmOit, of purchased here by nor mer
chants in the regular way of trade. Conven
ient then as we nre lo the. raw material, incur
ring only a light expense for its transporta
tion, the manufactured article ia already -!
shipping port to be sent where a sale ran he
made. We throw out these crude remarks.
for the consideration of our capitalists, and as
the advantages lhafwe'possess are too obvious
v-fss-a-pe - itmier, : we 'hope-itiomepmrtcat
result will grow out of the idea
' I'orttmonlh ff'hig.
HOVVTO CEIITVATETHE APRICOT.
A sound practical article from the editor re
commends a the chief requisite for success,
nd to prevent the frequent Insif'of ihe trees
from various causes: T. To krep lUe tree ,
and to bead back the shoots in spring, avoiding
the practice of trimming up to a naked stem,
and thus exposing the hark lo the action of the
Jjol son. , ' a. To provide a jlep, well-drained
nil, welt fertilized with wood ashes. M. To
plant in a cool aspect, to prevent the too early
swelling of the bud, and their consequent dan
ger from spring Tresis. 4. To prevent tfie
loss of iho young crop by daily jarring
down Ihe ctireulio on spread sheet. "V here
only half a dozen tree are cultivated, there ia
no mode of making war upon this insect so sure
and reliable, iarrinr the trees daily clnrinir the
month of May, wlih a poinlder, jstiealhed atrTJ1'n,i
the end with nitlia rubber,) gathering Ihe in
sect upon the sheets, and destroying ihem."
The experience of a correspondent ia added,
that though previously unable lo depend on
his trees for a aingle apricot, after pulling ihe
jarring system into practice be actually ob
tained three thoutand moil beautiful and
lutrioHi apricot the lirst season of trial, from
'Jive Inn.
From the Pendleton (S. C) farmer 4 risnter.
Messrs. Editors: I desire lo make Home
enquiries ill rough your paper, which may pro
bably lie answered by some of your exchang
as Frist, where, and al what price can a one
or two year old, full-blooded, Ayrshire Bull
be obtained: Secondly, where can Ihe pure,
white Turkey, heretofore- raised about Balti
more, be had? and of whom can the pure,
black (Poland) fowls, with a white lopk-not.
he procured? and at what price can a pair of
each of tlie Utter be set duwn at Augustac,
Ga.)f J. O. Lewi.
CUBE FOB HOLLOW HORN
The following simple remedy for hollow
horn, I have received from a reliable source,
but have not had an opportunity lo test it.
Take sofl soap and aalt mixed in equal por
tions, and rub smartly the root of the horns,
and along the w hole length uf the hack lo the
end of the tail, with the mixture Repeat oc
casionally, fur a lew day if necessary.
.........
THE FARMER,
(l dor one'l heart good to see a merry round
fajced farjuer, So Independent, aud yet ao
free from vapiiies and pride. So rich aj,d )7l
ao iiidustriouo patii nl and persevering ifl
fit calling, and ) el o kind, socul and ublig
Ifging. 'i'lieie are a iluiusand noble traits t.
Bout hi characur.... He. t generally ljosjiiy
ble eat and dnuk with him, and h wou t
set a mark on you, mid sweat it oui of you w illi
a uuiihle compound interest, as some 1 Have
known will oo are welcome. He-will do
)o" a lamr wnnotii expecting a return
bv
way uf compensation it is not' so with every
body. He i generally more honest, sincere
lea disposed lo deal in a low underhand
cunning than manv i could name. He giv
In society its best support is die edifice of
government lie i the lord of nature. Look
at him in homspun and gray black gentle
men, laugh if you will ut believe me, he
rap laugh back it be please.
SOUTHERN RKJIITS.
Tkr oj tMe Stmt Jiwtktmtkt f tkt ('asm.
Let this be the watchword of every Southern
patriot, who wishes to see the Federal IT n ion pre
served on its Constitutional basis, Iet us cease
fur heaven's sake, all strife with each other and
present an united front to our common enemy.
"It is unfortunate for the South to be in a minori
ty: but loir cause will lie hopeless if tlmt minority
is divided against itself. What Southern man
but must be humiliated, as well as desperate,
at the idea that the South should be her own
executioner, while her enemies luvk on with
folded anus and a derisive smile?
A Ql III FOR ABOLITIONISTS.
On the first day of August term of our coun
ty court; Peter Besmi-i trwttr of cornr.-wasy at
liis own instance, sold into perpetual sevnuile.
I'd, r was emancipated by the will of Mrs.
Farrow, w ho died some year since, and ihe
laws of the State forbade hi remaining w ilhin
iis limits for more than a twelve month. This
law Peier saw fit lo act at naughl, and the
consequence was, that he w as indicted tor re
maining in ihf Stale against the form of the
statute. On the first day of rour i, however,
Peter presented himself voluntarily and en
treated thrt the penalty of the law ahoold lie
visited upon him, (viz: a sale to the highest
bidder,) which was ircordingly done, and Pe
ter secured a good home for life.
This hide inrident furnishes two lessons.
The first is, that even the intelligent slave at
the South hat sense enough' to know that hia
.condition, here i far preferable to Uie degnt
dation and pauperism lo which he would be
subject to in a free Slate. The second ia.
that the clamor aaid uutcry of the Norlh about
lire evils nf slavery, result either from ignorance
of the nature of the institution or the more dev
ilish spirit of incendiarism.
Piedmont Whig.
LET US PREPARE FOR OUR OWN
PROTECTION.
In our article on Saturday we endeavored
to show the importance of encouraging the
mechanic arts in our State. I he benefits that
would derived from il to ourselves, and the
necessity emailed upon us, at this critical pe
riod of our country' affairs, to promote our
own internal strength. We now come to what
has been the prevailing opinion at the South,
that w e could not manufacture article as good,
or as cheap, as at Ihe North consequently
wc must import. But, let us ask, what would
have been life remilt,' had each Slate continued
to maintain this impression, as of course they
all, lo a certain degree, entertained this feeling
at the dawn of their great enterpriser W ould
they not have found themselves laboring under
all the inconveniences ol dependence to which
this stereotyped opinion had .subjected ihem!
We are all aenaible of the obstacle to which
alt new project are liable and the responsi
biliiv incurred when its success seem doubt
ful; but were we lo yield lo them in their fee
blealagea, the happy result w hich have fol
lowed the most gloomy dawn w ould not now
emblazen Ihe record of our country a em
blems of our noblest enierprise.
But why doe this great difference exist?-
Why is it that the ik'orJi-i m.r-mimfiieteer?
There are slight local cause, we admit: but
extent i not equal in proportion In the
patronage we yield to the North. The qiie
tion ha been discussed al the North, and ahe
attributes it ta our slat labssr, and a- awttied
willingncsi to remain contented with produc
ing the raw material. The latter may have
some truth in it, but Ihe former we should
very much doubt, for there it no natural im
pediment which should separate the manufac
turer from the producer. 'Ilic uccesaoflhe
one is produced by natural cabscs the other
"' ' feeling and the amvmu of
cotiragenirnt wilh which we foster it.
Irf-l us compare the progress of railroads in
Massachusetts ihe different branches of trade
eotmee led. wilh it, and the wealth which thfv
ihfl'iise into the manufacturing disn ie'v wi'h
dial of Georgia. Massachusetts, in 183B. had
but one hundred and seventy-four miles of
railroad in running order; her principal roads
were the Boston and Worce. Icr, Boston and
Providence,' and the Iwctl. The feeling
then waa the same as wilh it now; and the
English locomotive and tender, with the Phil
adelphia cars, might be aeen running on their
i here were no "toeomoiive shops,
and hut a feeble attempt had been made to
build ear by Messrs. Davenport k. Bridge,
of Cambridge. In 831), the Worcester rail
road were working eight locomotives, four of
which were English manufacture. Tine from a
Lowell shop, two from Ihe Messrs. N orris,
and one from Baldwin ti Vail, of Philadel
phia.
Here, in 1839, we find Massachusetts lo
hare made but little progress in the msnufac
hire (if her own locomotives and rar. In the
same year a small- establishment had hern
started, on what wa called the Neck, near
Boston, hy Messrs. Hinekly and Drury.
I hese gentlemen were esteemed excellent me
chanics their mean were limited the enter
prise a private one, and it success waa deem
ed very doubtful. Their competitors, Messrs.
Norris and Baldwin, had established their pop
ularity wilh the Boston railroad corporations
drove the English mechanic out of the mar
ket, and were even manufacturing specimens
of their work to lend to (ireat lira ruin and
continental Europe. Thia, then, was an ob
stacle lo the progress of Messrs. Ilickluy and
Diury, who, although having produced several
very fine specimen of workmanship dad not
established a popularity.
Hut let us ask, what is the present position
of dial branch nf business in Massschsctts!
Her railroads have increased lo six hundred
and ninety-four miles. Messrs. Hitsfkly and
Drurv locomotive may lie found on almost
everv railroad In the United State from the
railroad extreme a) lho seaboard to the Mich
igan Centra! mad st die wast, which last road
use uo other machine. Two years ago a
corporate eotnpaaiy was formed, aud their es-
taniuntpent uosr progresses under me name
of "The Boston Locomotive Work." Messrs.
II. 47 D. have become ihe possessors of prince
ly ,;nflWwiODaT
full lide of prosperity, employing upwards of
four hundred man, and declaring an immense
dividend- I his, however, is but one instance.
There are how sight luetimoiive manufactories,
exclusive of the machine shops of the Boston
and Worcester, and Boston snd Lowell road.
who now manufacture their own, in M
chuseua; all of whom are doing lucrative
hasine, extending their work-shops, sending
their- machines tu the different iStalen, and
givir.g 'employment tg immense numbr of
met-lianfr. and fiil on eqal employment of
capital, tne nunuiactpfe oi car nna aieo
kept rare wjth it, and now (fords ao immsiise
nYld fo. domestic industry. Thus we find
MaasMrhuaett enriching herself by encourag
ing the progress of her mechanical production.
and driving foreign competition out of the mar
act.
Would it not be well for u to follow her
example, not alone in this one branch ofindu-
try, for we only introduce this a one among
the many things for which we are dependent
upon the iNorili but in all! Ueorgia csnjence. II doe not become these column,
date the history of her railroad enterprise but however, lo enlarge upon thia view nf the snb
s short time behind Massachusetts: yet she 1 iect. Lei u ralher turn lo the great social ad-
has nearly kept pace with her in client of.
road, having now 039 mile, substantially laid
down, and ihia owned principally by her own
cilizene. Not so with Massachusetls much
nf hex aiuckj UtOwB-il out ut llw Kurt-, . Wu
where w (.eorgta in regard to the moving
power? She ii where she waa in the com
mencement, dependent on the Norlh, and her
public journal weekly announcing Ihe arrival
of imported locoutoiiveaand can, which should
have been nianulaciured wnhin our own Stale.
Are no these considerations which should in
vile our serious attention! Are ihey not the
weapons of our own strength, and should we
not aoek to perpetuate ihemt What- i there
to prevent ueorgia I mm enmrimg the field of
competition; her own road could afford a large
patronage, and her (later Stale are fast ad
vancing in railroad enterprise. The attempt
rem a mountain, but once Its difficulties are
overcome, the plain ia before ua. The Geor
gia road built many of their own cars, and ihe
State road have built two luroinotuoSrWliU-h i
have proved very satisfactory
The Central road build their own freight
ear, and, if we are correctly informed by those
connected with the road, one nf the most easy
riding, substantial, and conveniently-arranged
car ever run oft the Central road wa built by
Mr. tieorge W. Adam, of thi city. Dut
w hy wa il not continued? Wa il because
they could be procured cheaper from, the
North? We are too prone 10 look al the im
viediate effect, without- regarding the ultimate
result, and thus we prepare the harvest for
other. The Central railroad also built one.
locomotive, and called il the Georgia, hul it
was destined for a Hale of aingle blessedness,
and although il ha proved worthy of ihe name,
it haa had no descendants. Let a continue
to appreciate our own products consider the
strength which they give ua raise the stand
ard of ihe mechanic's occupation, and meas
ure the triumphs we may yet enjoy from them.
. ... - ..... ... Georgia Ptrptr.
tT" Although Ihe Southern members who
hat e been faithful tu their cauae to the last,
merit the undying gratitude of the South, there
is one lo whom we cannot refrain from tender
ing our especial acknowledgment. The Hon.
T. L. ClfN i sun, of North Carolina, has acted
ihruughout ttiia controversy, wilh teat, an
ability and energy, that hns e never faltered or
wavered. In this great controversy, lie ha
known no party, no friends, no interest, but
thoe of the South and of ihe Conantution.
The South will never fo'get him.
. Southern Pmi, j
While we think Mr. Cliniruisn ha boon
rather lm-otiMMW wvriWwHi
him at home) h certainly took the proper ground
al the beginning of th Session; and If hs had
been backed by his Southern compeers, the South
would have had 6wf to nam her term; and the
remedied.
EXAMPLE FOR TEXAS.
Tlie following opportune siatements are
furnished in the Providence Journal:
When Rhode Island claimed a portion of
ihe territory which was under Ihe jurisdiction
of Massachuseiu, she presented her tktim
dirough ihe Supreme Court. When Massa
chusetts, rlaimed a portion of the territory un
der the jurisdiction of Rhode Island, her ulti
mate threat, rrrtgoiistioh failing, War ' rcadrt:
io ihe same tribunal. Other Slates nave had
boundary questions wilh each olher, and some
'of them very exciting questions. Heretofore
no Mate has threatened anything farther than
a peaceable appeal lo the law. It haa been
reserved for Texas, the youngest member of
tlieronfederary, to rrject the tribunal erected
for the settlements of such disputes, lho tri
bunal to which all the other Slates have sub
mitted, and"to declare that utile the question
is sotried in her favor, and In her satisfaction,
she will make war upon the general govern
ment. And we are told that unless the gene
ral government suhinii to I ex, or buy on
her claim, we shall, within few weeks, wiv
nee ihe commencement of a civil war. Thia
may be true. It ia certainly staled upon very
respectable authority; and il may be that diere
is no oilier way lo preserve the government
Uian to (ubmit to Tesss. But it i very cer
tain lhat if thi be so, the government is not
worth preserving. Deeply ss we are attached
to the Union, we do not hesitate lo tay if it
ia not strong enough to make good it just au
thority in this Instance, it is wholly inadequate
to die great purposes of government. We
have rclerre (I lo this subject frequently, be
cause we bclive it lo he of highest importance.
There are many politicians in the South who
desire a dissolution of the Union per sr.
There are other who think that ihe only way
lo preaerve the Union i to yield io every de
mand that is accompanied by threat of dis
solution. We do not believe Uiia, but If it
must be, we are willing to see the question
tested, Ihe question which is lo selde the val
ue of Ihe Union, by aetding its s rength.
Letu know whether it be really held togeth
er by a rope of sand; let us know if it exist
by die sufferance of a few boastful politieisns
who rule opinion in lew discontented Stales.
or whether it be really founded in tha slTue-
!onsa!i(l 111 Die gotxl sense ol Ihe people
Fromth Deaf Mut.
HOME MANUFACTURES.
' Perhaps the Southern people are, in theory,
tlie greslesl political economists on earth..
They have been engaged for many years in
discoursing upon tlie principles of tins science
both in the Senate sud by the Press, endear
Hit .jwswiralga loathe
world. 1 1'heir favorite stateamen have earned
the subject to it highest degree of refieinent,
and leu upon mankind an indelible impression
of tin ir vie w. But after all it Would seem that
in, practice, we are the slowest of all civilized
races to realize tlie truth of the very importan
principle we so zealously leach. With few
exceptions, we devote our capital snd our en
ergies to the production of ee rutin raw com
modities for the accomodation, oi Northern
munufjtituies, and to the great gaumf JiwuV
em commerce. We wnic against Northern
sggreioii. but continue to gnitify Northern
avarice, Wc ihrealcfl polilieaj disunion, bul
conlioue to strengthen the bond of enmrner- by
ctsl vaaealage. Plainly peaking, wo talk in'oi
one direction, but act altogether in a opposite j
direction. Vt e arw not among thoae who con
aider a political disruplion desirable. So far
from it, we can conceive of no more appalling
catastrophe. Rut at the same lime. w can
ee no more effectual remedy for our political
grienr.ie than a true commercial independ-
vantages lo be derived by the Southern peo
pie from a wise improvement of iteir natural
facilities for inanulacture, and a proper divn-
ion of labor among Ihe msclvet,
-v4l-sMtyv.be hwd isu-a n jriem that w cer
tain density of population i necessary lo the
higher grades of civ ilixatiun. Man must be
brought into contact with man, in the active
intercourse of business, before he ean be re
fined elevated, set free from prejudice, and
made willing to find hia own happiness in
promoting ihe welfare of other. Civilization
and the arte of peace have never found a per
manent abode among a aparaely scattered people-
The population of mom if esjr Southern
Suite tt entirely too small to allow or any
rapid advancement of society. Religious in
struction anil secular education are seriously
interfered wilh and except among the wealthy,
the refining influences of frequent social inter
course are never fell. A dull mediocrity: is
the univeraal feature. Literature is unknown
and tha more hnllUut example oX aetlv per-J
sonal benevolence are seldom witnessed. An
excessive population, like that of Ireland or
China, ia certainly an evil much to be depre
cated. Hut whilst this extreme t avoided,
weahould not content ourselves with its op
posite. We would rejoice to see our South
ern population doubled, our great mail strung
with llinving Tillage, every nrighborniiod ,
blewed wilh it church and it school-houne,
snd the port office and the pre every where
distributing intellectual snd moral light. In
order lo do Ihia, we should arouse from our
long slumber, and apply ourselves 'actively to
the development of the various resources with
which Nature has supplied us so abundantly.
The motive power of our rivers must be brought
more fully into play, the vast mineral wealth
of our mountain mud he unburted, and the idle
hand lhat encumber our plantation made to
contribute lo the wealth ami prosperity of the
country that so bountifully support snd pro
tects them- W must in short have in every
Southern Slate lite manufacturing power ill
operation so generally lhat she shall feel her
self independent, in a good degree, not only of
oreign cou nines, out oi i er si-ier oia e.
The great complaint of the South is Ihe want
of capital. Hut this ia for the most part an
imaginary difficulty ", T Capital " follows" ihe
spirit of enterprise, and will always seek thai
point al which the grealeat activity and ener
gy manifent themselves. It is like the vital
blood which not only maintains life, but is it
self distributed acrortling to vital hjwn and flow
most abundantly in parts where life is most
active. We are too much disposed to eoin-
menre nn a large scale. When we speak of
vssteslahlishment founded in millions of cap.
iul, employing hundreds and thousands of on-
erstives, and turning out annually, a surplus
of goods for export to foreign countries. But
ewryMiflg uha
hope for domestic, manufactures ia in a domes
tic spirit, which hall no longer prefer foreign
good because they are foreign, but give prac
tical encouragement to every elTorl at home,
however humble it may be.
The planter who ha inost uf the ordinary
mechanic arts pertaining to bit establishment
performed at home among hi own hand, and
with the raw; materuil furnished by Ills 6WB
soil, is wiser, if he does not become wealthier
than his neighbor, who buys and hires from
I distance.- Division of labor increase the I
product of labor to the greatest degree where
the interchange of products is immediate. The
cost nf time and of transportation is avoided.
It Is ao in eommunitie snd in Stale. The
principlo applies itself throughout die scale of
industry from His manulacture m a pin to the
elaboration of cotton into tlie most delegate tis
sues. If A produces one article in China and
B produces a different article in Ainorica, the
exchange of these articles must amount to
he.if y rosl of tahOfrilm and: ntoney , It pro
bably depends upon a variety of circumstances
lo decide upon whose shoulders the heaviest
burden will full. But the probability always
is lhat Ihe least intelligent and watchful of the
parties will have il lo endure. The agricul
tural community are generally less wsirhlul,
snd exhibit less of the ttprit du torp$ I Inn
the olher industrial classe, snd therefore ihey
are almoal always sufferer in the fluctuation
ol trade, when earned on with distant coun
tries. The speculstors thrive upon their
ruin. A great part of litis obviiled evil is
when the farmtrhns market at hia own door
or in a neighboring town. Speculation lose
hair tu advantage, snd a fair equality of trade
is me consequence la tue end.
The New Orleans Bulletin makes the fol
lowing commenis upon sn article which It co
pies from Ihe Charleston Mercury, The arti
cle from the Mercury related lo the ex peri.
ment of employing slave lador in manufac
ture, arguing it success from the experience
ol the Oaluda factory. The uullciui saytr
This fact is one of high importance, as il
will always afford t resource lo the South for
the employment of their slave labor in limes
of agricultural depression, and will enable the
cotton growing Stales to treble or quadruple
the value of their cotton emri bv tumirur it in
to yarn and eotlon cloth. The importance of
this ean lie estimated by the fact, that ten, hands
in a cotton mill can split inio yarn, as much
col .on as ean be raised by one hundred hands
in Ihe field, and the labor of these ten, there,
fore, al once double the value of the ration
produced by the one hundred field hand: in
other words, one hundred and ten hands em
ployed in growing and spinning cotton, will
give an income equal lo the labor of lo hun
dred hand mplo5 r4 exclusively in grow Hit" H.
Yclil i under such results ectnat, prue
licd rcsulis, and not theory thai ihe South
ha for so many years been opposed to the es
biilMliment ol lactone among them. Had
die South Started ia the .race of eotlon and
woolen factories st ihe same lime wilh New
England, Itow different would have been die
present situation of the planting Slates, snd
Imjw their wealth would be counted by hun
dred oi millon beyond what N now s.
TbMil( .lueayenv however, .thu eyes of the
South are beginning to be opened on tlie sub
ject, end In some uf ths Southern State are
j actually wide open, iter aga)R tu J le-chsscd
the preaching of prejudice ur the ran lings ,
demugngtiisin.
1 1 is not among the least interesting tact ia
coimcxioa with ihe subject, that such an a ru
de a the following should os found ta the ed
itorial columns of the Mercury, and show
what great 'change ha come o er ihe spirit
nf its dream,' in respect to factories at the
South."
THE PRIZE ESSAY.
The Committee of Referee, appointed to
decide between Ihe Competitors for the Prize -offered
by the Divisions in Fsyetlesille and
Raleigh, for the best Temperance Essay, has
awarded It to Rt v. E. L. j'erkitu, of Sampson '
foimtr. -W1whirtnd tiBie W peruse the
Emm v in full, but from t hasty glance at il, we '
are of ihe opinion lhat it Is s strong produc
tion, and one well calculated In call puMie at
tention to the subject on which U treats. Il
is to be printed in pamphlet form, and sold at
low price, to cover ihe cost of printing. 4e.
There were eight Essays, we learn, submit
led to the Referee, all of which art eminent
ly worthy of publication.
Spirit rflkt Jgt.
If A gentleman, (say the Boston Journal),
latclely expresed his opinion that dance at
Bellevue Hall, Newport, was a humbug,
as it had been announced ss t 'full drew '
ball." whereas a number of the ladies pre
sent were according to his noliott, but half
tlrfssfJ
"VtctorToTOmiistiff"khlnrT
black-eyed girl, when ahe resolutely declare
she wishes you not to; It looks a though
you wouldn't take her word. .
The Galveston, Texas, Anertean ha the fol
lowing notice uf a distinguished Hungarian who
is about tu Ink up Ids peraaiwnt residence Ia
that Statei . ,
Sum ten day ago. John Prngav, late Adju
tant Ueneral of the Hungarian Army, paaawl
through tills city on his way to Austin. W un
derstand that it M th desire of tie. Pragay ta
oblaio a small section of land in Texas on which
to settls too or Ibroa hundred of hi fellow-exile
who participated with him in many glorious trk
uuiphs. hut linal defeat and merthrow of hia coun
try. We know not whether application will b
nude to the present Legislature, to annua a bum -In
Texas for the rsfuirees; but, w uuinot be- .
lieve that any reasonable request for such a pur
pose Will be rejected, lien. P. under Gee.
Ktapka, eoninmnded the conur of th nungw -'
rian army in th battle of I'svmorw. In thia bu
lls tieorKy eoniuinuded th right, snd Count
Leinlngcu the left wing, l bs Hungarian army
consisted nf M.OOO troops, who (Mealed ths oiu
bined armies of Austria and Prussia, eonsisiing
of 207,000. Thi ia admitted to b one of the
gr lest Utile wourdsd in history Jjuti isa proud
monueieut of Ut rlriitisui vf IhV HuDauiaai
nation.
A LARGE YIELD, i.'
Mzssas. Editor: 1 send you a atatemerri
of the production of small farm in Ashe Conn -lr.
N. C owned hv Mr. Euclid Baird, as
slated by him. Mr. Baird is a gentleman of
respectability Ins lather n oeea lor many
year' Sena uir WffiTvJfitoMfii 'eh "
County. The following is hi statement, vizi
40 bushels of Corn yer sere 1,500 bush
el of Oat 100 bushel of Ky aud W heal
600 bushel Irish potatoes 000 buinela
Tiwniio.a!Jk of Fodiler 100 wagon
loads of Pumpkiii!6"nf Utaeks 1 JiOtt
gallons Brandy 7 stacks Clovsr Cabbage
sulhcienl to a inter IS head uf cattle number
of hand worked, 5 three of them small
boys. r. . r.
A WOMAN BURNT BY THE POTATO .
-w ..XLUMT-
i every fact in connexion with llie mys
terious disease which steals away the loou of
the Irish peasantry . is of importance, we giv
tli following iisrulr Uiciiietii, which ap
peared m Hie tialway V indicator! A wo
man, named Mary McDonough, aged thirty
three, wa brought, a few day ago, on ear
lo Ihe work hisuse gale. She appeared lo b
ufjering form acute psinj her hand snd far
presenieu tne appearance oi uasmg seta se
verely burned, as if they had been hd over
the flame of suong fire. In reply lo que.
Dims put lo her, she made tlie following aute
tent, ..,, ;
She wa employed by man to weed not.
toe, and was al work on Friday, the I Bin tilt,
in her perfect lioullh, when a sudden blast of
burning sir came over her, and she was Uirowq
hack. She fell as if s quantity of pungent
snulf had entered her nostril. She also sta.
led that the stalks of nolatoe where h wa
t work were burned lo einder, and th tub.
er made soft nd black, ll is thought th
parts of the poor woman body which wer
ffccled bvthe blasl will mortify. iielfatt
.1 Th Nrw Yon Tmm'xt. Ini an .ticl
on "''A American Prru," gives an intere!.
ing account of il own history. It is now in
tb lentil year of its existence. It give regulas
rmploytnent to twelve editor and reporter,
thirty-seven printer, two proof readers, tllirs
teen pressmeu, engineer sud other laborer
in the iress room, four permanent rorre.
Europe, three regular correspond
ems at Washington, two in Canada, two in
California, one in Havana, one in t.entral A
iieriru, die., sVr,, four wrapper writers, four
clerks, sixteen hand in the mailing depart,
meim throe errand boy, twenty-eight currier
In the nity and vicinity, in all, I3U person
leadily engaged in the' eslablishqient. The
issue of the Tribune is. In round ttumher,
18,000 Daily, 41,400 Weekly, 17.000 SoiiiU
Weekly, J.300 for Ctdiforaia, SOU for Europe,
Mr. Horace (irecty is the ltesponsjhle Edit
or' of the Tribune." At the lieads of vsriou
editorial department re Mr, V A I)mh M r
J. Cleveland, Mr. U. M. Snow, Mr, too,
Ripley, Mr. Bayard Taylor, Mr. XV, News
msn. At tlie head uf the Publishing and Kit
nancial Departments, is Mr. McF.lruth. the
original and pnueipal partner of Mr, (Jreely,
"As a property,, ;.i1mi jfstalilisltinejtt is lp;ld t.
One HuHdre4shf(d' whieb ti Wrguf Bum.
ber re owneslby Messrs. Ureelv Si jjcEU
rath, the original proprietor, while the residua
re owned by live Assistant Editors, and Ave
other Assistants longest eonuected with and,
most, respqpvilily employed in the everul de- .
pafwienu of Priutitu; and Publishing,
W- 0. Alford was )tiW within 2) ni'ilo of bis
residence, sear Buck hwiwiip, iu euiisoa Coun
ty, on Friday night ttuit, Jlis burs ran home,
and Upon exsvummtion, waa found to he sIkH
thrimgh th shoulders. earch was ihimertisH '
made for Mr. A I lord, who wss found in tun r"l
badly tuutiUtiVd, and dead. Itlryrafh, ICfA,
insi. : :