Newspapers / The North-Carolina Star (Raleigh, … / March 31, 1852, edition 1 / Page 1
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SORTS tlKOLIXl "Powerful to iBttllcrtail, moral ni pbysfral .itwnrtci, tie land f tar tlni tad home if inr f fttUeM. TE&SS--Twt Dalian la lihsiiot. VOL. XLIII. RALEIGH, WEDNESDAY MOUSING, MAUCII 31 , 1852. NO. 14. TE0I1S J. LEX11, Iditaf trUSS. If est strtvtty pw wmmf i M If pit wltaia l aKWrthtj ud IS at tat AWBBTIBIN1-1 Bqtara (14 lin) Int InMrtifx H,aa4 H V"4" far se subttquMit innio. a 18I1CBLTCKJL. ' . Pnm Ik SoutJurn Callifttr. Hesaark a the Cultivation of l otto. aVBB. at. W. MUM. New 1 PREPARATION OF LAND. , la Writing out the detailed plan pursue in the evluvauon of cotton, I mutt bejriu, 1 sup pose, oathe 1st January, o m to carry your . leadar regularly through. I will endeavor got lobe tedious, yet I cannot possibly be minute, without l lel being tiresome to somebody at there it alway somebody who already knowi everything. For ten jeare past, 1 have thrashed down tt cotton Walks, rui down all eorn stalks, and turned them under ai well t possible with a turning plough. When planting cotton after atora, 1 strive to break up the land with two horse rdoueli what I twin flush in?, that is. fcreakinr tip in thirty to fifty feet beds. I,aat sr I broke no every acre of land 1 planted, with two horse ploughs, whether planted iq cotton, corn, 'oats, or potatoes If my land has been in cotton, I generally plough; to this 1 throw two furrows, one oh swell side, with one or two horse turning ploughs. 'Thus the lsi.d remains until a day or two before I wish to plant, when 1 have . k I I, lum rm mtt: ttins ha vinf f ttrIt en rth .11 V ...in . ' - o to plant Opm, mil yet firm earth for the seed to be pltiteJ in. There will be a nar- . . ...til . nttt ..4roit 1V . iUtt gAJTW iUVHl ..., - ' -J earth, hut I invariably run an iron looth har row slang ins nuge, so n i-iu, uu rekt off pieces ol stalk, and Ut leave Uie ridge freshi if ones running ot tne narrow wm aiu An. I run it twice. The opener then follows" and opens ojit a furrow; say one half inch is deep enough, and narrow; if this furrow could be as straight as Wee line, and half an inch wide, 1 would es teem It betisr, if upon level land. The toed are scattered thinly and regularly, then cov ered wilh t board or block; I would prefer a roller. . As to distance, this depends upon quality, age, and locality of land; ri :h and fresh land requiring greater distance, and I am inclined to think that the same quality of land aorth of say 83 will tend more In longer joints, tliaa does eotton about 31 to 33, and par ticularly western lands, these lands tending to short joints, and greater yield to height or col w. , I do not plant any laud that requires rows to be over five and a half feet, even to grow fifteen to twen'y ewt, of cotton to the err. Thw is sometimes,"! Tim MirerrnHctr loss by two sparse planting. 1 desire-Ui have the plants meet in the rows by the first of August, and should" it Sfiei (his dale lap in d. I find the new varieties, as .Sugar-loaf and Cluster, to reqrire les (imtance both ways than doss the Mexican. When I plani d my crop with Mexican Pe it Oulf I lairii firs to fie and a' h iljfect by two or three feet on my best land. For four years .1 have grown' Sngr-I,oaf, and plant four and a half feet by eighteen to iweniyM'uur inches, preferring about eighteen inches. Upon se cond quality of land I reduce distance to f nir feet or less, by eighteen inches. Upon tin Use more time and labor than is usual, being Careful to break up deep, throw out into be Is tha ridges 1 endeavor to pulverize Well, and do not run ploughs unless land willjuilverUe, thinking ploughing might be' done loo early, , - - I :. 1 1 i. i 1. ...I . .. mu Hinu iimirvu ur urmu itiwuuuru nvt. 11 object in ploughing ray three furrows early, .,iU la oermil the foundation of ridges to settle somewhat, as seed germinile freer, and grow off belt than upon light earth, 1 break nui the residue as late as pluming time, so thai ths plant will start before or with the grass and weeds, 1 prefer nevermore than a bush el ef seed per acre, because solitary stalks are not injured by cold wealher when scrap ed out as when grown in a hot bed. 1 1 fcave been asked bow I plant seed when 1 bay, 1 reply, I wet ths seed thoroughly With salt sad water, and sometimes use brine saada by sleeping stable manure in salt and Water (or ten days before wauled, until ferr mentation has ensued. The seed are then dried oft wiih ashes, or lime, orplajU't I pre fer t :t two latter, ss tha seed are whi'e, and the master can see that care in dropping is pisetiscd by hands. These seed are dropped at a required distance, and are covered by the feali f brushing a little earth apnn the seed imi ptearing them into (he earth with the foot. ( would prefer a eed-planter, but could not make the one I tried drop regular. Fire or ton seed la a pUce is ample, 1 have drnmed only one,' and two, and three; when I did this myself, I failed not in a good stand. , , , With a good ridge, clean of clods and litter, a hand can Scrape more; the Ijbor of plant ing Carefully, and time seemingly lost in this, aa well aeof dropping seed, is fully regained la the scraping. , I have cullivaled for ten rears nine tn ten aeras of snimn mnA la nine of corn, besides potatoes oats, tc This could not hare been done but by doing all work well. Time is saved by good ploujh Ing and nest planting. Yours, with respect. " - ' M, W. Phillips. ns.iirr.riHM Kit I.A.A1J AM . PLANTING. , " Last nirhl 1 gave yon the preparation and Elanring of the cotton crop; yet I could not, tha tongih of ana arUcle, give wore than t rspd Surrey. I prefer short articles, and yet it is beat 10 be particuUr.even minute l tough - there ie eren here- an Tobjeetidnr for a wriier think of. When 1 plant oats land, land ihat - - v-. r"" m, kmu lanu. I. invariably break up into large beds, size aei' cording to width of rows to be planted, so as te throw water furrow of the lluihing as a water-furrow of, the row. When fjur feet ' raws, I run off land thirty-two feel, and keep furrows as straight as possible, on level land. . I thee lay off rows, always w.th a shovel plough, and then furrow as beforp. Some times i 0ea o,ut water furrow of old rows, deep ss iwo mules can draw a shovel plough; bed up to this entire, then open out new w . tor-furrow deep and reverse two furrows wilh a one horse plough. I sin satisfied that llisre laT MA Innil I -....a I a. ... u . a inieq try creaking up with a iwo hime plough; then bed up with a onetiorsi! plough liiux all Irash, grass, seed, Aid., is well buried beneath the one horse plong h furrow, 1 use a piece of wood, two or three feet long, mn ailif level on the land, the trout end shod with iron, for the purpose of opening out furrow fur planting see J. My objeet is to make a clean straight furrow, fand impact the loose eanh. I his stick of wood is run tided be low, and fastened to a; shovel plough stock. The straightcr the row on level land, or the more rcjular on rolling land, il'circuling be practised, the closer can the scraper be run thns giving less labor to hoe hands. And if cotton seed be scattered very regular, so as to give s stand, no stalks touching, the hoe hand c m iliiu out faster, and thus save time. If I were able to plant my cotton crop with the neatness and order with which Colo nil Wade Hampton plant las cron. I believe I could cultivate an acre or two more per hand. liein? in company wiih him in 1847, on a steamboat, we discussed the suhjeel of planting for hours and h awn red me thai all his furrows were opened out for planting wilh, the ciirncr of the line, narrow and straight. II 1 could )rop seed in a furriw only an inch vt ido and uiiilo straight, I , think 1 could manage two aerea of scraping perAry to each full hand. I rorard planting a crop if done iii the best manner, more in the Unlit ol hail euwvated, than meny would be lieve. ,1 have scraped three acres in dav. I An diet eiftlvfWfr 'Keren per htfr and'eftf, wilh the snfijsweap, hreik out four to nine acres per horse, owing to whether rows be four or tire feet wide thus, besides the eaith tnsf ftirrowv h 'requires -one- to sweep out the middle. Hut land has to be put in g:od'6r der, and seed planted in order. This matter hasalied Jut-many j$gg(fm my -pen-in' the different papers 1-haee written for, and I muti bi pardoned hr thus dwelling so long. ! II is really no interest of mine whether pfa i- .trs euiii.iiiie e(i iir in, ruiri mey can cminaie a i;nr crup t-nwny IT iei, i eaiium ni benefitted. Vet, as a eitiien of this beatitifi world as a sojourner in this southern clime 1 feel an abiding interest m the welr- "I my fvlbrws. Therefore, I Ray if planters will devote more care and attention in tilling their lands, and in putting in their crops in a good manner, they will ba able to make more, and yel spare llieir servants and their beasts much labor in llie ciiltiyation. Look at the garden. .Take one bed and trench it spade up Iwo spades deep, revis ing the soil even, what will be the result? Bui suppose, ilie first spit be 1 ml on O'lf si J', then the second spit well and finely dug up, the first Teturnetl, --reversed or -thoroughly, mixed will not that bed be more or less moist all the year? And if there is a chance for water lo pass IT, will it not be fit to work after a rain sooner than any pan -r)f-the-git dj ii! And must it not, of necessity, produce betler? I admit a plantrr c:iunnt plant so great a crop but ItB'Wrll eed inuch J to make an cual crop. The misfortune is, the body of the cotton plmiteH waul a large crop, and will not be at the .expense of the team and tools. Would they not ridicule the carpenter who instead of ge ling tools lo tongue and groove his flooring,1 would attempt to r.ibbel each side of plank, or to dig grooves, and then dig for a tongue, (with a chisel? And yet, though not quite so alisurd, planters act. What difference in cost, in twenty years, if a pf inter buys six shovels, ua HM-M iuiiifiluihs.4kfvlvli.irse.j turning ploushj, s'x scrapers, six harrows or to buy- all turn ploughs! Those same tu-bej taken care of -as long as lliesmie number ol one kind, and for ail Work. Think y t an I judge ye. Yours, wiih respect, M. H. Philip i. Edwards, Miss., Jail. 81, 1050. ACCLIM A'ITNO THE PLOW. The other day we were riding past a larc farm, and were much gratified at a device of the owner for the preservation of his tools, A good plow, apparently new in the spring, had been left at one corner of the field, stand ing in the furrow, inst where, four nmmhs before, I lie boy finished his Hint. Probably the timber needed tefitmingit was certainly getting it. Perhaps it was an Eaaltrn con cern, and was left fur acclimation. May be the farmer left it there to save lime, in the lur ry of the Spring work, in dragging it front die shed. Perhaps he covered the share lo keep it from ihn elements, find save il from r isling. Or, again, perhaps he is troubled with neighbors that borrow, and left it where it Would be convenient for them. lie might, aileaaWliave built i. uhrd OKf jtt Caijany one tell what a farmer leaves a plow out a whole season fori It hi barely possible that he was an Jrhhman, and had planted for a spring crop of plows. 1 After we got asleep that nht, we dream ed a dream. Ve went into the man's barn; boards were kicked oil, partitions were half broken dawn, tacks broken, floor s foot deep with, manure, hay trampled under foot and wasted, grain squandered. The Wagon had not been hauled under the shed, although It was raining. -The harness was scattered a boat haines in one place, the breeching in another, the lines were used for Anr. Wc went to the house. A shed stood hard by, in which a fjmily wagon was kept for for wile and daughters tn go to town in. The hens had appropriated it for a rooil, and how ever plain it was on re, it was or lamented now, iinide and out, f Here, by tie way, lei it be remembered that hea-dung is the best manure for ttielluns, squashes, cucumbers, Ac.,) 1 peeped into the smoke-house, but of all "flx uis" that ever I saw! A Chinese Museum is nothing lo it. Onions, soap, grease, squashes,' hog's .bristles, old irons, kettles, a broken : dams, washing-tubs, a barrel of salt, bones with the mea! half rut off, scraps nf old lealh. ei,'dirtygs,"a .aieil'af To"MwlTeHr boots, smoked sausages, the ashes and brands that romained since the last "tmokf" stumps of brooms, half a barrel of rotten apples, to gethsT wiih raw, bacon-bugs, ear-wigs, sow bugs, and other vermin which foiled in damp dirt We started fur the house; Ihe window near the house had twelve lights two of wood, iwo of hats, four of paper, one of bunch of rags, one of pillow, and the rest of glass, . Uuder it stood aeveral cooking pot a id several thai were not for cooking, At we were meditating whether to enter, such a -q loll arose from a quarrelling man and wo- 1 iffsn tmrt wfr ewnkeand hrf trwrira dream:" So that ihe man who left hit plow out all the season, may live in the neatest house in the eount.y, for all we know; Jjnly was it Hot strange that Vie should have dreamed all this from just seeing a plow left in the furrow? !(. farmer tmti-tidrdmer. SOWING GAS. SEED. Farmers as well as other people, like to make good bargains. Some of the worst bargains they make themselves. For exam ple, to save five dollars of seed they lose twenty dollars of" hay or pasture By way of experiment, and lo exhibit agoodsipply of seeds, the writer sowed jin the sprirg of 185(1 a piece of ground to grass .at the rale of one. bushel of seed per acre, or half a bush el of clover and the same quality of timothy. In less than two months the field affoided a prodigious amount of pasinrage full Iwice as much through the Season by estimate as ordinary good pastures. The present year the grass wus allowed to grow for hay which lias just been cut and drawn in (7 mo. 1851) and the product waa found to be three and a half tons per ar (?..' Where cae we finds per-) mancnl pasture or meadow that will do this? The soil was of ordinary fertility only or H-ouM not probably have yielded more than 25 bushels of corn per acre. The amount of pasturage afforded by the aecand" growth of tbia crass field fully warranted the belief that a Ion and a half per acre might have been a gain rut, making live ten of hay per acre in all for anwyaar. - - - I Ins hay produced where plenty of sraas seen is sown, is oi mucn oeiier quality man where the st ilks stand thick on the ground. .MUany Utill- - ' ...,.., RULES FOR TUB APPLICATION Of , ..,.A1AMKE- ,.. , The following article from the writings of von 1 liaer, is copied Irom tne Plow, the Loom anil the Anvil. We hiuc.li question whether one farmer out of a hundred e ver entered mto any calculation to inform himself about the weiffhl or eiven measure of manure yet how without such calculations, can lie tell whether his cattle are over or under loaded, or his hnd over or under dunged ! Is there any business on this earth conducted wiih so little pretence to exactness, nsthat or agriculture? Hut how can it be otherwise, when there is fur it no pretence of education, or si steinatic account of any thing when, in luct, the idea is thai any fool can make a fanner. The real va'ue of manure is increasing by the fact it progressively augments itself, and that, beside the produce it yielded, an extra quantity of manure will improperly bet:nwed never fail to produce ihe elements of a fresh supply, so I hat it will toon be possible to cul tivate those plants from which the largest turn ol money taay be realiaed. On the .other hand, the manure diminishes in like prnpor lien, if scarcity ia allowed to be felt, and an immediate and suitable 'Tented y be not; found it applied One of the consequences of a scarcity or ffirtinu(iou tif manure is scarcBy of straw, and where there is little straw or fodder, little dung can be obtained ; and thus the quantity progressively dwindles away un til the soil becomes totally exhausted. However expensive it may be to bestuW thejust quantity of manure on a soil which has been impoverished, there certainly is no capi tal belter employed than that which is expend ed in this manner. The usual load for a wagon drawn by four horses is thirty-six cubic feci of stable manure half reduced, ana in (be suite, that it to say, when the straw has become sort and disorgan ized, without being wholly decompose and ttiriiluiig'is i 'ruoist yet not very watery, s cu bic foot of it will weigh 26 lbs, therefore, a load 58 feet contains 2018 lba, which for the sake of obtaining round numbers, we will re duce to 5.000 lbs. When Ihe mads are good and the weather favorable, this load Way be increased; hut as a period of fine weather is seldom used for carrying manure, this quantity will in general be found la be tol erably correct. If the straw is not decomposed or altered, s cubic foot, closely packed, will not weigh more than 181hs and in this case the volume or size of the load is increased, and contain from 45 fo 40 cubic feel of manure When eigtil ol these loads are distributed over an acre of land it is considered that a good rovering hat been given. Each square perch then recetvet 88 lbs. of manure., snd each square yard nearly (libs. If only S of these loans be atmweuaacti acre, as is general ly the case il is said, then that ihe ground haa been slightly manured and each square perch receives about 54 lbs. And lastly, if IS loads are spread over each acre, which mul never oceur where cereal craps are to be grown, (we of fiiurtii liu coi include Indian corn.) unless the land has been completely exhausted, then the ground is said to have received n abundant manuring. It is customary to allow only one-half the weight and quantity of manure abnre mention ed when the manure is derived entirely from sheep because Ihe effect which it produces are at once greater and more' prompt but less efficacious in point of durability, ' The perioda of these manuring occur every three, tour, six or nine years. The more fre quently applied, the slighter ihey tre f end the longer the intervals the more abundant must the manuring be, Thns it it necessary w take into account not only ths quantity to be laid on at each time, but the numl ef of times to be re wmted. (ioLDsauaouoH, March 6, 1652. To hi Exerlltnty, David S, If rid: Sir ; In view of the improvements whieh are in progress on Cape Fear Hirer, snd also in expectation of finding deposits important lo the agriculturalists upon its banks, and in the upper country on Deep River, I deemed il prrtpcr and best io make exploration on its I have eecording, made numerous examina tion of the formations on this river, end am able to state fjett of considerable im ports nee a to its geology, bat more particularly of the depositee nf ior which abound upon il banks, and at a distsnce from iis course. Probably no tulntanco haa been discovered whieh is so important to the interests nf the ag riculture el ihe lower Counties of North Car olina, aa marL. The lands . especially those in which sand predominates, have been worn mil I might, perhaps, say more than once. Now il is by means of marl employed a the basis of a fertilizer, that the lands may be cheaply renovated. On the poorest, however, i of the i lands, it i not to he expected that th-sfltTwnsipfiiyJ tW wiwliivf ' to impart to litem their original fertility in asmuch, as in the progress of long cultivation! and Ihe production of a variety of crops, the J. out, rtaaunL-u 01 uiusv eiemcois wnicu man- by ii self does not contain. There are Iwo kinds of marl upon the Cape Fear Hiver One is known as shell marl, and belongs rather" to the upper parts of the river, or I may rather say il is in thicker beds at distant points from the ocean, The other marl ia known as the blue marl, and is found at points nearei the ocean than the former. The thcll marl reaches to a point at least twelve miles above Elizabellitown. and is usu ally well exposed at different point on the bank, of (Jje fiver. Ko, also, it is often met with in ravWei at points distant from the riv er. Hence it becomes more accessible to planters and requires less expense in hauling it. I itess nefls vary considerably in extent. Some are visible one-fourth of a mile on the banks, other appear to have, been deposited in insulated particles. Their thickness varies from a fool to aerea feet. They ate not con tinunus deposits. The composition of tin shell marl is to the eye calcareous, varying. nowever, irom a very sandy marl lo a perleel lime depotile consisting of carbonate of lime Many analyae should he madeofihis marl. aa it is only in this way thai us real value fan be determined The blue marl ia a different tubstaneo from Ihe shell marl. Il is, by the way, the substance known as the green sand in New Jersey, snd has long been in use there and tor the very great advantage of farmers. It belongs to ihe cretaceou formations of Geologists. The up per bed of this marl I now believe extends fboe EKiobelhtowm - -It - howeverv quite saudy, and I was unable tn find at this point it characteristic fossils. Farther down the riven tiwwever, at Bf6iii tniilTaiid Rbbi'iis iii bluff, I found in whar I now regard as the upper green marl, the characteristic fossils the Axngint eottata f and at Myke s landing the Jlelnnnilt. At Black Hock, however, the lower green marl is in greal force, and I be lieve at many other poins it would be easy to expose it so that an inexhaustible supply of this subs'lance might be obtained for the use of Planters on Ihe C. F. and Deep Rivers. From the foregoing it will probably be per ceived thai Ihe banks of the Cape Fear, and Ihe numerous runs which enter it from the South, are rich in these fertilizers; and it only requites an additional Spirit of improvement on the partofthe Planters, to double the products of ineirpiania uons. his proper lootnervenerettiai the marl deposile are found mainly on the left or South bank of the river. 1 am well satisfied that the time is not distant when these rich deposiies will lie fully employed, and that llieir value wilt be well understood. Il is true that experience-will be necessary to determine some points n it use. For in 'ttnee, the tliosi economical mode of preparing it in order to adapt il to the varieties of soil nn which it is proposed lo employ it. The blue marl espe cially requires an analysis in order to determ- iuo;its coinpoaaiuiu. The Jerey .mad eontoio potash, and this substance is regarded as the principal fertilizer in its and 1 hope it will be found that potash and slto phosphate of nine are eiemenis oi me maris ol till riaic. These two fare f 'the' "expenivs"ie,rtil1ies, Vn'd are above all other to be aought for, lor without them the cereals would cease to produce per fect seed. I have not attempted to give detailed ac- enunt of our examination upon die Cape Fear, tml simply a statement ol a lew tacts which I u,ppocJ.,might tw Jj1)g.te,)!out.JEielt loitcy, or so far as lo satisfy you that ihe work is in progress. I am pleased with the tteoiion and iowHtgerrce of the gemlorneh whom 1 have met, anil Hie facilities winch all wish to render, and especially the anxiety which is manifested in regard to the work. I am sometimes rather distracted lo know where to go, the applications for cxamiiitiuns being so numerous. Most rcspeetfaljyjfourob't erv'f, E. EMMONS, PKODUCTIOS OF MOOUE. We have in our possession a flake of word measuring full twenty-seven inches in length. It grew upon a sneep ot ihe common breed. the property ef our friend John B, Dlack. Esu.. of Moore county. .. The animal was out ia thi range, and was not shorn spring before last, so lb at iisfieeee was of the growth of two year when token off. Is not such a pro duction creditable to the sheep of Moore f We have an idea of sending it to the next World' Fair. It would make agarter for Queen Vic toria, just aa it is or even tie with a good knot round our own republican leg. Wonder if Wheeler will, not mention it in hie neat edi tion along with the 80,825 bushel of Corn which he put down a the product of old Moore f - nwrH afford him a fin opportunity of introducing another quotation from hi fa vorite daisies, Mir par allure ara, luil jsrus agiurs srugs - Wadttihvmuffh Argm, GOVElfiiKR COBB'S FINALITY. The present position of Gov. Cobb to wards the Demoeratie party in his awn State, coupled wilh hi . lofty promise to H the un- lemlied at Jsmmany Hall, in the evrnt of their adoption of "the finality" policy of him self snd his friend Foote, suggested odd idea. It reminds ua irresistibly, ol in anecdote we have heard of Ethan Allen. 1 ' It ie related of that worthy, thai on one oc casion he wa apnroached by an emiiry of King George, and the offer ol large grant of land ia the " rebel colonic mad to him, as the price of bis making H a finality" of his fighting, Allen listened qui lly lo. these templing offers, and tb in replied: that he had read in the Scriptures, hswaeertain character had taken another to the top of high mono tain, and offered him the whole world as tha reward of worshipping him" but, " added Jfty ..thi iml HIJIt r a, , the Jnlivuu) rascal did not own a foot of il !" The expletive -emitted, which of eonrse we Would not apply in thi instance,) the il lustration atrik.ee us as equally apt in the one ease a in Ihe other. DIAMOND. A few day since, we were shows by Dr. CL. Humiuv.of Lincoln County, what it supposed to be a genuine Diamond, weighing about half s carat, discovered in (he neighbor hood of ihe Doctor, while searching for gold in a email stream, tie will send il North to hsve the truth of the matter tesied, snd then. if it is'genuine, he will himself give a deeerip tisa ami history of ft; arid sctrrh for more of (he same kind. i nartolU nhig: ENLARGEMENT OF THE CAPITOL, EcoNaer Reroaa &o In the Prnale, on 'the 18di, the bill tn ap propriate 1 500,000 for work On the extension of the Capitol, from date to the first July 1863, being under tniuuleratien, Mr. Bor land, of Arkansas, spoke at length against the bill, arguing Ihat the building was large enough lo serve lor any year to com that tlte bill wa mainly designated to give em ployment to lhoe who needed work, and lliu convert the governmenl into a great national almshouse, Ac. He spoke also of economy, retrenchment, : reform, iie. Whereupon, ftlr. AlANura, l have been extremely gratified lo see this young snd intrepid Goliah come forward at this lime. He is a member of Ihe party which has Ihe entire control ef u I . c .: it. - me irgwauuii oi una smiy. lie is a mem ber ol ihe party that has the control 0f the other House also.- I hope that Ihe whipping across the face which he has given his political associate will have a (ood and -wholesome effect. I have believed, as I am sure, Mr. President, you have believed, lore long llnie,.tlil this government has been de parting from its aneiert principles. It has all, however, been applied to the whig head at the other end oi the Avenue. I hop thai the Senator who has addreased as this morn ing Mr, Lorlaiul will find associates enough upon tills side of the chamber to direct the aiiciijon of the government towards economy. The gentleman speak of appropriations and expenditures ihat are not Warranted.' I have heard of r,one such myself. But wilhm my lime aud I am a y oung man aa well a ypu. Mr, President, fjeughierj sue adminisla tion wa put out of power because it had ex- -peuded the immense and -monstrous - anm of H3,i00,000 a year. It wss succeeded by au administration that expended 939,000,080 or MO.OOO.OOO a year. It ia now about 50, 000,000. Now, if we had a General Jack aon, who could cluitrtil hi troop, he would in some degree be responsible. ' But if we have a President whose party is in the mi nority in both brunches of the national legis lature, he certainly is in nowise responsible for all this ; and wa, who occupy Ihe very few whig seats en this side of the chamber, have little or nothing to do, 1 1 hope aow my honorable fricud from A rkama Mr. Bor land will bring to lit assistance a sufficient force of the demoeratie party to bring the government back to it ancient economical principle. Bui I have (era ia my course here a little difference between preaching snd practice. Economy i t beautiful idee, a beautiful idea, a beautiful thing to profess,- It tickle the ear of the farmer, who ha a few pennies in hi pocket, lo have it told him Ihat they are not to be taken by those who will not earn any; Let tit see t ;' little "of fhi practice now. I hope the lenator will bring up ome of his troops M. Atchison. 1 rise to call ilia sonalor from. Jorth., Carolina. Mr. Manguoi r to order, Iii the first pi- he i making speech. Mr. MaaovN. Ths chair recognised my right lo the floor, . - Mrr ATpHtwMfk- In ihe second place; that senator has no right to advise the democracy. Laughter. 3 Th PanaiDcvr. Tlx senator from North Carolina Mr. MaNovaf) will pro ceed. . .. j. Mr, Mamaum. I will not attempt o pre sumptuous a, thing as to advise the Democra cy, t think they are not to learn ' wisdom or seek advice-from such a quarter, Yel it might not lie wholly tiirawo sway f they were lo hear it. I admit, (hat, under th democratic rule, the government has run up in expenditure unexampled in the history of this country. And I am glad to sea one firm and gallant man though he may ba young tep forward and lecture hit senior in ihi manner. .. I hope they will profit by it. I hop th treasury of the United States will profit by it. Hut I have witnessed a great deal of this profession. I saw recently some remark of an eminent gentleman who has my high respect a gentleman from Penn sylvaniawho waaipeakinf of economy, nd ihe way the government, ought lo he brought hack to it old Jeffortonian days.- Bat when I saw him mounted in hit addlo, and hit spur on, teady to run the next Presidential race, I thought extravagance and spoil would be more consistent. The active politician aud enterprising men want Ii money. But I admit that the whole ayilem ia leading lo state of corruption thai I much fear will bring ruin to out country, , These spoil of 50, 000,000 wilt go into ihe pocket of the seek er of job under the government, and of eve ry variety of mean hy which money can be token from the public purs and pat into their individual pockets. Mr, President, you mil I, though still ve ry young men, hv lived long enough to have een a very diffarent Mate of thing. Thing are now pasted over, as matters of course, that thirty year ago would not have received s second thought iu either branch of ths legislature of th country. Tha first thing would have been to think of their re jection, and the second would have been the act of rejection Hsall. now, I commend the emtmpU of my friend from Arkansas Mr. Borland to hie domoenitic brethren. I hope Ihey will profit by hi counsels t lbat th country will be benefited by them t end, as fr s 1 can in my humble way, I will try to put my shoulder lo the wheel and help the good can onward. , However, 1 eaid I only wanted to express my gratification at the remark of ihe honor able senitor, and to congratulate In demo cratic friend of their gallant, stern, and in trepi'I associate, who come forward to kin lure the evil ilocr who have been squander ing the publie money under th direction of the man it th other end of the Avenu. But ut t witt y here that any money that I iKl nut is paii! under die Warrant of ills law. paid nut I pal 1 suppose, my . friend would not have tha Ex ecutive do lek that thai, . Whatever may be said in regard to the piei-nt Executive, 1 think there can be successfully imputed to him no assumption of doubtful powers, no usurpation of power,, no exceeding of the wirrani of the constitution and toe statute. A more subservient Executive to the consiitu- lion and the law of lliit country haa not been ainee the day of Washington. Bui I am not going into ihat matter now, have no inter est in ii oi feeling about It. On a future De ration, if ihe Senate will indulge me, 1 may take occasion to review a lew or Hie very excillt nt propositions which have been thrown out by th e enrtor f mm Arir tttirtfcj MrV'Hor-1 land.J and compare utile with him lor thirty or forty years back. Il may be useful; for really we seetn to be forgetting the wint f om wnicn we etout to our govcrnuient: our compass i gone, and wa do not know where we are going. We are upon the broad tea. propelled by democratic gales, and running upon rocks and quicksands, and J know not what. Bui 1 think these democratic gales will Hardly bring Ihent into port Ihe next trial. I think we have a horse which if we can get him in good condition, and have him well mounted, will wiu the race, despite Ml oppo sition. ' , .. .. , r i ,. , Mr. BoatAxo. I wish to say a few words, lest the remark of ihe honorable sena tor from North Cara'ina, Mr. Mangum. which were kindly intended, I have no doubt - . Mr. Misut:. I made them with ill kind nest, and with all due respect, Mr. Borland led his remark ihonld place rue iu i false position before the coun try and my parly, lie ha represented me a a Goliah. , . : . ....... Mr. Mikoi'H. It waeall (aid wilh greal respect., Laughter. f Mr. L'ohuni). 1 would rather on thi oc eation, a far a my humble ability will per mit me, occupy tha position of Davul, who was a very small man, bul yet who, in iusi cause, overthrew the giant Goliah With so simple a tiling at a sling and a pebble, The bright pebble of truth wilt ever be suc cessful ia overcomicg the giant Goliah of un truth. Mr. Masjouh. 1 belong lo he "little David" party. Th "Guliali" party I upon the... other aide of- die butbr, rf Laugh- Mr. Bovlaud, I have been accustomed to perform my part "upon " field Uxi small lb undertake now to stand up here and stauine Ihe position of a leader - or lecturer of my party, I am hut an. humble soldier in the rank. I simply rose to express my opin ion, not to much to ihe Senate a to my con stituents, to lel them know tha ground upon L' ,. t L ... which sianu ricrs inai a not only msne pledge and promises at home, but I would fighl the battle Here, ss tor a 1 wa able, upon those greajl and extensive principle upon wnicn w mi pro tc io sunn. , BdLROAD STATISTICS. Tha . National IiiUilligeiicer publuhe an interesting statistical view of American Kad- roads, prepared at the request of the French deparimeni of publie works, by Mr. Kennedy, Superintendent of the Census. . It appeal from this document Ihat th number of mile of railroad in operation in the U. Stales, January let, 1853, wa 10.S14. numoer ol miles In course of conttruetton at the same period 10.BU8. The Icmrtli of rail. roads brought out into operation'iince January 1,184 is 5,224 mile, . The buiines of making railroad wa never prosecuted wil greater activity and energy limn at the present uina, and il may b axpeetoa that by th year 1800 their exleut in the V. Slate will be at least 30,000 mile. Th cost of Beads New England is botit $45,000 per mile, in the Middle Stales about )40,0(I0, and in the Southern State lo ul t0,008 pr - niile. The Illinoi Central Railroad ia cued is an instance of th spirit of improvement in Ilia new Slates, Illinoi wa admitted into the Confederation ( a State in 1818, with 30,000 Inhabitants. Il his 65,405 square utiles of territory, and a population, aceordine; Jo tha.mnstis.olSjIII,, of 85X4'?0. '''I'hecenir'at railroad m to extend Irom it soulhwetiern extremity, at th eon- fl ueace of -tlva M isstssippi ami Oltie rivers, to the Borth tine of th State, with two diverging branches. Tl total length of ibis road, in cluding the main tem and branehe, k to be ii hundred and eighty milea. 'i'he eot i estimated at )20,0U0 per mile, or 18,800,000 for the entire work, without equipment for operating il. Thi i tha longest continuous lineal road Bow in contemplation to the United Slate of which there is any probabil ity of speedy completion. ; It haa been com menced with uch (mcililie for executing Ihs plans of its projectors that there is no rea sonable doubt thai it will ba finish Wiihia a few year. The railway lyelem of the V. Stale eomweneed in IS30, in tha Stale of Massa chusetts! , Th longest continuous line of railroad in the world, and that in lite construction of which the greatest natural obstacle have been overcome, i that which extend from the Hudoa river, through the southern eountie of New York, to Iak Erie. Ii length is four hundred and sixty-nine milea, and it ha branch of an aggregate additional length of ixty-eight mile. - Nearly its whole sours i through a region of inouniaina. The bridge by which it i carried over Ihe Del aware and Susquehanna river and oilier iream. and the viaduct upon which it erosses; the f alleys that Intercept iu route, ars smong th noblest monuments of power and skill lo be found in our country. , J 'be aggregate emu of lit ia important work wa 23,580.000, and the expense of construction wa 43,333 per mile. , No authentic slalemenl ha ever been given of the capital invested in the railroad of the V. Stales; bul lh railroad in operation it ihe beginning of th present year are estimated lo have eot 348,000,000 It appears from a tabular slalemenl embod ied in Mr. Kennedy's report, that Virginia has a greater extent of railroads in process of eonairuction than any of her filler titatea, with ths exception oflllinoi and Ohio, -itich. Timet. HAIL ROAD. The Charlotte snd South Carotin Rail Road is how completed to a point within two milea of Ebenexer. ihe plaee heretofore designsled, and will be finished. IO Ebeu. xI by or before. Ihe last of 4lu month !-? CherlottiJfliig. I.KTrra raoa Ut. Scott. The Oeward Assiwiation of Brooklyn.mn Irish benevolent associaiion, having invited (ien. Scolt to (heir anniversary supper, he replied in t letier, ex pressing his regret in hi inability to be pres ent, snd adding: "You do me but justice in suppoeing me tr lake a lively interest in Ireland nd tier on. Perhap no man certainly no American owea so much to ths blood o( Irishmen myaclf. Many of them marched snd foughi under my command in the war of 1812.15, snd many more thousand in Ihe recent war witu Mexico not . one . of whom .wa e'veV kiiowB to luru hi back upon the enemy or a friend," A TOUCHING SCEN& ' Anepen wagou with one horto otitclied, and four or five individuals were etanding near ihe door. I fell a chill run through my vein. Part of a fearfuf truth am now re vealed; The keen November wind wa Mowing, and the sky wore it gloomy stttoni aal aspect, but I fesrd there was keener an guish and deeper gloom within. 1 entered and al'ooe glarv-e at the table, Ihe story was utUU It was fie Vrnerrtf ef a rfifos-arj.' A. small, cold, and desolate ehnniher was ippropriated for the solemn services. : In deed, it was all they had. Here for a acason had lived, and here had died, and flow from here waa he to be hurried, a husband and a father, who had lived and died a drunkard. Il wa a dreary place.: There, in one cimvr. upon a mugh old rickety lahle, from which ' 'hey had often n ten their told and rhrcrlesi fare, wa placed lbs Collin, made of rough pine boards, slightly Stained With red, in which wa placed Ihe corpse. He Iu a man put haps of fifty, coarsely clad With grave rloihrs. His conlen'ance, if an index lo hi state nf mind beijioke nothing but gloom. Around, and underneath his head, where in other placea, 1 had often seen the downy pollow and the rich (tain linings, were stuffed lew of the shavings roughly taken front the board which composed hi coffin. 'In n oppo-ile comer, upon a pile of old clothe, rudely thrown ;e'her,t the nnl.sppy widow, a tall, snare woman, pale a the. corpse befure mi ller eyes were large and sunken, and she wa thin snd poorly clad; and a she sat, she wrung her hand as if to relieve the agony she wivwnntm'wmwwiiw srmnai every oreain she gsve a low, hollow, onsumptive rough, which told me too plainly Ihiu-djath had mark ed ner lornit viciuu also,, several utile etui dren were (landing aronnd and beside ihe- -labia where the colli n rested, ahiveting wilh cold, nd weeping from otne cause whether they understood the meaning - of , father' floor, in Urge sad briny .: drop A few nf th neighbors had gathered to attend lha sol emn service connected with lha funeral,. They were sealed, soma on boxes, ther upon na old worn out trunk, while others stood. 1 It wis a gloomy scene, gloomier than Ihe day without, ai.d lite angnith keener than ihe biting blast, " :"'- Whea your poor wife begins te scold, let her take it ouU Put your feet up cosily over' the fire plaee loll back' in your chair light one of) our butt cigara and let the atoitn rage on. Say nothing make ne answer to anything, , .. - ' .... , Mlt. CLAY'SPINION '. ,,,, The New York Express of Moud.iy av The "Trhne'' -iwvtvee-ihe story that llen - ry Clay has said l would rather see Urn. Can f'rttidml than mif mm ttvirg, VI' hs seea Mr, Clay'o prefereuo expfeaeed, ml 1 ) i n t a . U r.nunl I V . itit - .'..nD.ll and decidedly, for one of the distio guiahed. Whig f wbjte tram -far- aow prominent before the eouoiry.-i The Tribune it 1 true give credit to the New Orleen eredit to Mr, Bacon aad Mr. Bacon gives ered- -it to Ex-nnaior Footo and ihi round aboot way ih story is re paraded before the country to tli injury of Mr, Clay, after hiving been -once very pitminenUy denied. ; Mr. (!ay hi propably expreesed hi preferrnca lor Mr. . . nu , aw nlhn Tlntit.',f. ntl mil ft iiii ha grown this mountain. ' ; - , Since writing the above we have been per m.ltA i.u Af . . ttai, lAjun, llu r.atL.winiv f-iuM a private letter of his, ami addretasil toon of hi friend in this city. A aior complete denial loall thai has been said to lb contrary could not possibly be giveu. . ' ' V'ov) rightly un lr(notl me in expressing preference tor Mr. Fillmore the Whig candidate for the Presidency, Thi I did be for I led home, and have frequently herein private intercourse (inee my arrival at Washington. I car not how generally the ' fact may be known, but 1 ahould not deem it right to publish any format avowal of that preference under my own signature in the uewapapera. Such a course would subject me' to the imputation of supposing ihsl my opinion possessed mora weight with the puh Ito lhaa 1 apprehend they do. The fmindj tioa of my preference ie, thai M'. Fillmnrf . ha adininisiered tha Executive Government wilh signal success and ability. He ha been tried and fusnd true, faithful, honest snd con scientious, I wish to say Nothing m - dero stio from his eminent competitors. They have both rendered greet service to their country the one in the field, Ihe other in lha cabinet. ' They might possibly administer ihe gavemmeiit a well s Mr. Fillmore ha done. ' Bul than neither nf them haa been tried. He ha been tried in the elevated position he now hold, and I think that prudence and wisdom- had better restrain us fiom miking any change. without a necessity lor it the existence ol which I do not perceive. 1 " ' I am truly your friend, ' , nd obedient servant, ' r ' " ' ' ' II. CLAY.1- ; CALIFORNIA AND SLAVERY. The fugitive slave ' la-e, : which laltrly paaesed th California Assembly, provide' that lave brought lino the Stale prior to the adoption of the Stale eonaiiiuiinn (hall be liable to the provision of the congressional fugitive slave law. This, It is alleged, is an infraction of the constitution, which aay that neither davery nor involuntary trvitude, except fur crime, ihall ever be. tolerated in tha 1 State. ' ' Mr. Peachly presented a mot traordiis-.., ry iniimoml in ilie House on the IOiIi nliimo a memorial of twelve hundred and eihteeii ; citizen of South Carolina and Florida, asking lha I.irislatura nf Cklitnrtiii, ui mrmi th,m. ..'..nM,i k.Mfii ,.ii.,i ;iu.,A of bceoniing citizen, of identifying ihcui alvi permanenily wiih tlieir iuterttsts. and of emigrating to their rural district with a -. rfi4e and gnvtntnhlt popnlation in th rtla Hon of prmtrty, by whosepeculirlabor alone their valuable s ill may be rendered produc- live, and our wilderness may be made 10 blossom like the rose.' They salt permission lo colonize a rural di.i'rict with population of not le than two thousand slave. After some discussion the petition wn refeiT-'d tothe t'ommntce on Frder 1 f!ela tions. A bill Im also been introduced inio ths Legislature In cull a convention lo revise ihe eoualitoiiua, the object- -twiir 'M "tirvrde1 "'t' " Sule, and to let apart the Southern pnnioii for a slate Stale. frt, Im.
The North-Carolina Star (Raleigh, N.C.)
Standardized title groups preceding, succeeding, and alternate titles together.
March 31, 1852, edition 1
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