Newspapers / The North-Carolina Star (Raleigh, … / Dec. 14, 1853, edition 1 / Page 1
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- Mf'JfcAC.E K Tllfc - a, PRESI XTXtfT OF THE . Ikc mUri, 1)83. . FMou CitUtmt af tlu Stnalt ' ' aud of the lluuttof Jtrpretottntini :' The interest with which lite people of the It-public anticipate t lie aseiiib!age of Congresa, mid the fulfillment on that occasion i f the duly imposed upm a new J'roi.ient. is cue of th bcst.eviden ce yf lheirjaipcitj to rcnliio tli hopes of die fouiiJei"3lL4Hiljlicial ytem, at ; o ice coinplxnd symin trieal. While tlie dillereiit branchr of the govern-:: incut are, to a ix-rl'u extent, indepen dent nf each' oilier, the duties jf ill, l ke, have direct reference to the source f power. Fortuiiiitely, under this syt I. 'in, no man is so high, aud none so " Irunblo, in the rcale of public station, n to cscaie from the scrutiny, or to be exempt from the responsibility which nil official functions imply. 1"kjii the justice and intelligence of ' llie masses, in a government thus Or-. ganized, U the sole rclianca of the con federacy, anl tl.e only security fur lion-r-t and earnest devotion to its interest, ag-iiiiat the usurpations anil encroach ments of poer on the ono hand, and the assaults of personal ambition on the other. The Interest of which I have spoken, is inseparable from an inquiring self-'- - governing community, but stimulated', doubtless, at the present time, by the unsettled condition of our relations with Mivvntl ioroign powers ; by the obliga tions resulting from asudden extension of th field of enterprise; by the spir ii villi which tlmt Sold h is been enter ed, and the amazing energy with which its resources for meeting the deiuanils of humanity have been developed. coxnmoN of the cucntiiv. Although disease, assuming at ono tim the characteristics of a wide spread and dcva-tnling pestilence, lias left its sad traces upon Millie portions of our country, so have still the most iibuo .hint cause. fr reverent thankfulness (o i.id for an accumulation of signal in- r cies show.-re I upon us as a nation. . it is well that a consciousness of rapid ad-, vanccmciit nud increasing ste-ib- ho habitually associated with an abiding sense of dependence upon Ilini who holds in his haul. the destiny of lueu and of nations. llec igiii.iug the wisdom of the broad principle of absolute religious toleration, proclaimed in our fundaineutal law, nud rejoicing in the licnigii influence w hich ii lias exerted upon our social and polit ical condition, I should shrink from a clear duty, did I fail to express my deep est conviction, that we can place no se cure reliance upon tiny apparent pro gress, it' it be not sustained by national integrity, resting upon the great truths allirui' d and illustrate;! by divine reve lation. In the midst of our sorrow for the altlieti'd mid suffering, it has been consoling to see ho promptly disaster m. id' trie' neighbors of districts nnd ci lie. seperateel widely-from each other, nu-l cheering to watch the strength of that coiiinnu bond- of brotherhood," which unites nil hearts, in all partsof this Union, w hen danger threatens from nl 'road, or 'calamity mils-lid over us at lean", ' ( POnKlnS- RELATION' 4. t ur diplomatic relations with foreign potters have undergone no special change since the adj mruim-nt of the last Congress. Witr) some of them, ipiestioii of a diturbiig character are sli.l ending, but tliciri arc good rea sons to buln-ve that llicsj may all be amicably adjusted. Esonxn. For some years past Croat liritain has so construed the first article of the JOtli of April, 1818, in regard to the fisheries on the northeastern coast, as to exelulu our citizens from some of the fishing grounds, to which they freely resorted Tor nearly a qnarter of a c 'liturv sulneipieiit to the slate of that treaty. The United States have never nc'piiesced in this construction, but have always claimed for their fishermen all the rights which they had' So long enjoyed without molestation. With a view to remove all difficulties on that subject, to extend the rights of our fish ermen lievoiid the limits fixed by the convention of 1818, and to regulate trade between the United States and the Itritish North American provinces, a negotiation lias been opened, w ith a fair prospect of a favorable r-sulu To pro tect our fishermen in the enjoyment of their rights and prevent collision between them and British fishermen, 1 deemed it expedient to station a naval force in that quarter during the. fishing season. Kaibrrassing qnuslijna have nlso aris en between the two govern men ts in re gard to Central America. !rest Hritiiin lias proposed to settle them by an ami cabin arrangement, fliid our minister at lneloi, is instructed to enter into negotiations on that sul j ct. A commission fo: adjusting tlie claims of "ur citizens against it Urit iiu, and those of llriti.h subjects ngaiiist the L'uitcd Slates, organized under the convention of the 8th (if February last, is now sitting in London for the trans action of bii-ine. It is in many repecti desirable that tlifsbotindary between the United States and the liritish provinces iu'llu: rioi.!i ivcst, ns designated in the convention of the It th of June, lSlii, and i-'ms-eia'ly that part, which separa es the territory of Washington from the Urit Uh ptjssessions on the north, should be traced and marked. I therefor present the subject to your notice. . KIU("l!. Willi France our relations continue on the most friendly fioting.1 Tiie ex tensive commerce between the United 6'tati's and that country, niight, it is conceived, be released from somo unnec essary restrictions, to tho mutual ail vantago of Imtli mrties, Writh a view to this object, some progress has been made in negotiating a treaty of Com merce and uavigation. Ii!il'ion k'litlv of our valuable trails with Spain, wi riave important njlitica! relations with her, growing out of our neighborhood to the islands of Cuba and I'orto Hieo. I am nappy to an nounce, that since the last Congress no attempts have been made bv nnauthor H -d expeditions within the t. fs. ngainst either of those colonies. Hhotild nnv iiioreiii 'nt bo mnnifisted within on'r limits, all tlio menus at my command will lie vigorously exerted to r-press it. S veia! 4 I'loungo -eiiiMi cshnv tid. ii VOLUME XLIY. place at Havana, or iu the vicinity of, tlie island of Cuba, bet ween our citizens and the Spanish authorities. Consider- . ing the proximity of that island to our siiorvs, lying, as iluihh, in me iracic ot trn-js) -between iome of our principid citichnd the suspicious Vigilancj with which foMgn intercourse, particu larly Uiat with the United Statin, is there guarded, ajnkietition of such oc e irrencjes may well be apprehended. As no diplomatic intercourse is uIIowttH between our consul nt llavana.nnd (he Captain Oeneral'of Cuba, ready expla nalioiis cannot lie made, or prompt re dress afforded, where injury basiresult ed. All Complaint on the part of our citizens, under the piesent arraugi-ment, must be, in the first place, presented to this government, and then 1vfrred to Spain. Spain again refers it to her loeid authorities in Cuba for investiga tion, and postpones an answer till she lias heard from those authorities. To avoid these irritating and vexatious de lays, n projiositiou lias been made to provide for a direct appeal for redress to the Captain General by our consul, in behalf of our injured fijlow-cirisens. Hitherto, the (ioveniiuent of Spain has declined to cuter into any such arrange ment. This course on her part is deep ly regretted ; for, w ithout sonic arrange ments of this kind, the good uudcr standiug iM twei'n tho twoeoiiiitries may be exjawd to oceasiomd interrupti.-n. Our Minister nt Madrid is instructed to renew tho proposition, and to press it again upon the consideration of her Catholic MajeRty's gm eminent. For several year'. Sjion ii is I, n calling tb !it.tenlM'ii . I th,s jr.,v:i:. mnt to a claim for I 'S-e-, by. some u; her subj' Cls. ill the case ,,f the sc'eiolr r yl-wiiW. This cl.iiui is b-dieved lo n si on the oM:gali"iis iiiiposed lv our ex iting treaty null llnr. coii itrv. Its justice was -udlltiltcJ. m our dipl tin-itic : eorrespoiiili-itce wiili the S.t.ri.li gov i crnmelit, as early as Mecli. 18 IT, an I j one of my predeee-SMs, in bis an, mil i message of that tear, iouiui''ii-leM tliat ! provision should hi mariv for its puy : ineut. In .lamiiry fist it uas again salaiiitted to Coug;es.s bv the Kxeeuiice. j It has received a favorable c 'iiideraiiuu I bv the committees of both bhiri.hes, but as yet there lias been uujiral action upon it. 1 convene that good f.nth re ipiires its proi'.ijU a ljiistnieni, and I present it to your early and favorable consideration. r Al'STIUv. M irtin Ivo.-z a, a lhiiig.nian If) birth, came to this country iu 18SU, and de clared bis intention, in due f irm of law, to b' come n .citizen of the Unit -d State. After remaining here neaily two years, I heiisited Turkey. While" at Smyrna, ! he was forcibly 'seized, taken on Isiar l an Austrian brig of war, then lying iu the harbor of that place, and there eon fined in irons, with th avowe 1 design to take him into the dominions of Aus tria. Our consul at Smyrna and lega tion "at Constantinople interposed for his relea-e, but their efforts were inef fectual. While thus imprisoned. Com mander Inginliam, with the United Statin ship of war St. I, mi-, arrived at Siiivrua, and after inquiring into the circumstances of the 'case, came to the comlu-ion that K'szta was entitled to the protection of this government, and took energetic and prompt measures lor his r lease. Uinlcr nil arrangement be tween the agents of the Uui ed Slates and of Austria, he was train-ferred to the custody of the French consul-general at Smyrna, there to remain until ho shoul I be disposed of by the mutual agreement of the consuls of the respect ive governments nt that place. I'ursu ant lo that agreement he has l en re leased and is now on his .lv:ty to the United States. The Kinperor of Au-triu has mno.0 the conduct of our ollicers who took part in this transaction a i-uh-' jeet of grave complaint. Regarding Koszta as s'ill his subject, and-el liming a right to seize him within the limits of the Turkish empire, lie has demanded of this government its consent ti the surrender of the prisoner, a disavowal of the acts of its agents, and Wnlisfiictioii for the alleged outrage., After a carefii consideration of the ca-e, I came to the conclusion thai Koszts was seize! with out legal authority at Smyrna; that he was wrongfully 'detained on Itoaid of the Au-trian brig of war ; ilia!, at the tuns of his seizure, he was clothed (( ith the nationality, of the United States; and that the nets of our oflicers, ini.b r the circumstance of the case, were jiisti fiab'e, and their conduct has been fully approved bi me; and a compliance w ith the s ver il demands of the Finj eror of Austria has b en declined. For a m no fuli a' couni. of this Ir.ies action and inv ( ied's iii ri.gnd l fit. I r fer to the c.,rresp.,,hl. n,- 1 tiio'ii 'lie cbarge d'ilttairs oi' Aa.-l' a nd the S. c ret.,ry of S- ,;e, :.!C ' e ie i ( h i'ai.s; Ulitted. Tiie iir':icipt' s and j. .! .".. 'le re ill maintained on the part of t l;e United States, will, whenever a proper or-ea i 'ti occurs, It) applied and ei.lbicd. . . ' ems' a. The coud tion ofChma, at this time, renders it ppdiald i il at some iiiif'ort iiiit change will occur in that vast em pire, which .will bal to a more unre stricted intercourse aith it. The com missioner to that Country, who lias been recently appointed, is insrructed to avail Uiin4elf of all occasions to open and extend our Commercial relations, not only with the empire of China; but with other Asiatic nation's.-.' -, JkfXS. In 1852 an expedition was sent to Japan, under the command of Conn, io ' (lore I'crry, for Uie purpose of iqiening j commercial intercourse with that m pire. I Intelligenco has been received of his ar rival tin re, - nud of bis having made known to the Jiinperor of Japan the olecl of bis vUiy bat it is not yet as-" i ocrtninod bow far the Kni)eror will be I disposed to abandon Ids restrictive iTol ( icy, and open that populous country to ;,a cimmercial intere iurso with the V' ! nite I States. i " MEXICO, , "'M ' ' - Ii i'-. leen my earifr-idwireto maui lain friendly intercourse with ike gov. -mnieiits nponlhi continent, and loaid jd ill in preservinj whji iimj.'rst:ri linj RALEIGH, among thcmvlces. Willi afexico. a dit'-' 1 pute .ka arisen as to the true boundary line between our territory of New Mexi co aud the Mexican State of Chihuahua. A former commissioner of th UnitoJ States, employed in running that line pursuant to the treaty dfUundalupe Hi dalgo, made a serious mistako in deter mining the initial point on the Uio Grande ; but inasmuch ni his decision was clearly a departure from tho diree (ions for tracing (he boundary contained iu that treaty, and was not concurred iu by th surveyor appointed ou the part of the United States, whose concurrence was necessary to give va'idity to that decision, this government is not couelud ed thereby ; but that of Mexico takes a different iew of the subject. There are also other questions of eoniisidorable magnitude pending be tween the two republics. nr minister in Mexico has auipl" instructions o ad just them. Negotiations have lieon o peiied, bitt siiffi ient progress has not been made therein to enable me to speak of the probable result. Impress ed w ith the importance of maintaining ainicitdo relations with that repub'ic. and of yielding with liberality lo all her just claims, it is reasonable to ex pect that an arrangement mutually sniisl'acroA to byth countries many Is! concluded, and lasting friendship bc tdeeu them coutiited and pertei uated. CKNTIiU. A M K I! 1 1 ' A . Cm-'jr." having piovided for a fall uii-sjon to lite Sul ci, a iiiiio-t'-r v.as h.-.. As yet h" I, ":;!( ,.. of these s of '. til ml Anteii ' nt ihilo r in .1 nly - had time lo isit at'-s. (Nicaiagtia.) ((li -i:.- h ((as re'-eive I III the most In, ii. Ill neute r. It is h "H-l that his pr-'S -i.c" and i;nn l ...flic wiil have a U'liiirii etfect iu enmnosiuo; tho dissen- V si. us (i h ell prevail among them, and iu estalibsliiii i still niore intimate and fr'i nd v r.-lati tn, b-tween tliem respec lively. an I betiiedi each of tlicnl and til'; United Stale. HOllll AMKiill'A. (Joiisiib'i'iug the va-t regions of this continent, nud the number of states which would be m ad-' acee-sible by the fiee naviga'.i hi of the river Amazon, particular attention has Is-en ijiven to ll.is -ubj ct. loazil, through whose tT iit"i:ies it passes into the ocean, has hith eilo p'ls.ted iu ,n policy so restrictive, in regard t the Use of this river, ns to obstni 't. and iicaily exclude, foreign roinmerci.il int'-rcoar e with the st;;tes which lie tip'-n its Iril'iitaiies and upper branches. Onr mitiister to that coun try is instructed to obtain a relaxation of that policy, and lo use his ell'orts to induce the llrazilinn government to open tocoiiinion use, under proper safeguaids, this great natural highway for interna tional trade. Several of the South American-states are deep'y interested in this aliempt to secure the free navigation of the Amazon, and it is reasonable to ex pect their co-oeration in the measure. As lie advantages of free commercial intercourse anions nations are better mi derstK)d, more liberal views are gimer slly entertained as to the common rights of all to the free use of those means which nature has provided for iuler Iiational cointiiuuicatiou. To these more liberal and enlightened views, itis hop. ed that llrazil will conform her policy', and remove all unnecessary restrictions upon the free use ef a river, which tra verse! so many slates and so large a part of the continent. I am happy to inform you that the republic of l'aragiiay and the Arge iline Confederation have yieli ed to the liberal policy still resisted by IW.il, in regard to the navigable rivers within their respective territories. Trea ties embracing this subject among other have bfon ueg -dated with these govern ments, w hvftr will be suhmitleu to the Senate at the present session. A new" branch ofcommereo impor tant .o lie- agricultural interests of the Unfed Slat's, has wit'iin a few years pll-t, becll opened willl 1'elll. Not- withstanding ih iiiexliaustable deposits of gnatUA upon the islands of lliat coun try, considerable difficulties are experi enced iu obtaining llie rcpii-ile supply. Me is-tre hall'e been taken lo remove llcse difficultm, an I to secure a more abundant importation of tic article. Unfortunately, rliciv has been a serious gillisi.m between oar citizens, w ho have reso-t.'d t the Ciiiiicha islands for it, n4lh'- l'eruviuu niith.iriiies stationed there. U'dre-s fir t e on' rages, com mitted bv the bitter, w i- promptly de manded bv our mia'sl er at. I.iinu. This subject is now inch r consideration, and ihere is reason 1 1 believe that U-ru is disposed to offer Hh qu ite ilidellllli'V lo the airurievcd parties. DOMESTIC I'KIIK. We are thus not only at pea.v with all foreign countries, but, in leard to p'l.ticl aliliirs. me cxeuipt from anv e i-i f s1'rioiis dis'piiettnle in uur d un ' ! lei i' i .es. I'li -c.mtroveisies. (de-h h-iye .'igilat ed .'tlie eoiinti v heivt.ore, Hr,. pas-nig jiay with 4 lie causes ivhicli produced them and the p;t-siotis which tbey had awakened ; or, if any t'.aca of I hem re mains, it may be reasonably Inqx-d that It will onlv U perceive I iii the Z' alous rivalry of"all good eilizens l lenity their respect for the riejits of the States, their devotion to the Union, and their common determination that each one of the States, its institutions, its welfare, and its domestic p '.aee shall lug held a like sectiro under the saeied rt jjis of the CCinstitution. ' , This new league of amity an.) of mil tunf confidence and saport, into w bi(i the people of the republic have entered, happily nllords inducement and Oppor-lu-iity Ibr tho ndopiion of a more com- hensive and niieuibirriisscd lino of ;';ey and mtjnn, as U the great male, l' I Mitereit o I lie country, whcllier tcfarded in themsslves or iu coniiee I n with the jkiwcm of ibu civilized wi rid. ' . - . r'oiowrii i7 Tn; r v.;r.(r. ., i Tin) United States huvo continued grndnally ami steadily to expand, thro' a("quisilioti 'of "territory, which,, how inuchsTieser aorrw of tlieu may have been. qstiwt'NmsMljMixe tno. nnivcrsally seen and admitted to have Is't n w ise iu jioliey, just in cbartje'er, and a grratt d enieuf in tin? a !v .inreinriit'of our emit. NORTH CAROLINA, WEDNESDAY MORNING, DECEMBER 14, 1853. try, and, with it, of the human race, in freedom, in prus'ierity, and in happiness. The thirteen Suik-s have growri to be thirty-one, with relations reaching lo Europe, on the one side, and on llio other to the distant realms of Asia, I am deeply sensible of the immense responsibility w hich the present magni tude uf the republic, and the divcKttf and multiplicity of its iufeTc;-d.vi,bvtr' upon iik- : Uie alleviation of which, so far as rulatcs to the immediate conduct of tho public business is," first, iu my reliance on the wisdom an I patriotism of the two Houses of Congress ; and, secondly, iti the dirertiona arl'orii 'd me by the principles of pubbc polity, iitr rul ed by our fathers of the phk'Ii of 1 70S, sanctioned by long experience, and con secrated anew by the overwhelming voice of the people of the United Slates. !'KINj:irU:s or oovkiinmknt. R '(Mtrring to these principles, which constitute the organic iaais of union, we perceive that, vat as are the func tion and the duties of t!i f deral gov ernment, vested in, r ent rusted to, its three great departments, the legislate executive, and Judicial, vrt the sitlwtar tive lioWer, the is.pulr force nnd llie large cnp.iciti"s for s s ial ami m iterinl development, exist in the respivtive Slates, which, all being if thins 'lvin well constituted republic, n Ihey pro ceded, so they alone are capaiile of inaiiitnining and perpetuating, the A mericau Union. Tin f.-deral trovern incnthas its appropriate line of action in ttic specific nnd limited powers con ferred on it by the constitution, cliietly a to those thing-. in which the Stales have a common interest in their rela tions toon" another, and lo loreign gov ernments; while tlie great mass of inte rests which belong lo cultivated men, the ordinary business of life, th" springs of industry, all Ihe diversified personal and domestic atlairs of society, r.st s.-. curelv Upon theg. lli r.ll reseiied p.ei ersof tho people of lb" several S ates. -Xii'Ti-.j the etl'ective democracy "1' til.' nation, mid Ihere the vital csscm " of its being and Its greatness. I If the practical consequences which flow from the nature of the federal gov ernment, the prim iry one is the dutv of administering willi integrity ,vid fi delity, the high trust reposed iu it by the constitution, especially in the appli cition of the public funds, a drawn bv taxation from the people, and nppropii. at'- lo specific object.-, by Congress. Happily I have n i oe.'i,io:i to suggest any radical i liang.'s in the financial policy of the government. urs is al most, if not absolutely, the solitary power of Christendom, having a surp lus revenue, drami immcd'atcly fr.un imp i-ts on commerce, and iV-ref-re measured by the sp intjineous cnteipiiso and national prosperity of the country, with such indirect relation to agri. ul ture, manufacture, and the products of the earth and sea. as lo violate no con stitutional d vtrine, and yet vigorously promote the general welfare. Neither as lit the sources of the pubbc treasure, nor as to the - manner of keeping and nianagiiig it, d es anv grave c.iuiroie.r sv now prevail, there leing a -general ac rptiiseence in ihe wisdom of the prcsciil system. . Itlii TII.A -i i; v. Tiie report of Ihe S. cr. tary of the Treasury will exhibit, iu detail, the slate of the public finances, and tin' condition of. tho various brain lies uf the public service, administered by that depart ment of the government. Tho revenue of ihe country, lcii.-d almost insensibly to the lax payer, goes on from year to year increasing beyond either the intercsls or the prospective wants of the government. . At the close of lb,, fiscal year end ing .lime .til, H.V1, there remained in tile treasury .a balance of fourleeii mil lion six hundred and thirty-two thou sand one hundred and thirty six dollars. The pnbli" revenue f,,r the fiscal year ending .lime .10, b-t.-.a, amounted t.i fifty-eight inilliou nine hundred atid thir-ly-one thousand eight hundred and six ty live d'-lhirs fr- ni ciist,,nia, and toino million four hun lr -1 and five ihousm seven hundred an 1 right dollars, from public lands and other miscell.ni" ns sour, es. ciiioiiniffrj together to sivtv one million three hundred nnd tliutv scvcii thousand tiie hundred and Seven, tv-foiir dolbn-s, while lb" public exp n ditures for the sum" p, iio l,. -bisii e.,' payments on a cunt of the public debt, amounted to forli -three million lice hun dred and. fifty-four thousand mid sixty- two dollars, Ic.ning a balau f liiirtv two million four hundred mi l twenty lite tiiou-.tud four li'itelnst mid for'e- sev.ei dollars ot' r. ip's a!..i c rxp-n.!'- tures. This fad, of i treasury, li'Cilne e uisidrati. -it ;it ui ailuiiiiistr .ti,, 1y in regard t it, and clear, Irene! surplus rj-enil" public did .1,5 fa Iv be doll", a. I I reasiioj surplus i the lie sabj.-ct tt anxious yerv carlv peri.. I (.f ; 'id. the path ..f du eelil d to lot' ..bvioiis lirst, lo apply the . the d;ebar.;i. of (lie ".s il e-Ml'd jlldi.'i tils- svondiv, to ileii-e lll' lllls for the gradual reilll li .li of the revenue" to llie st.nulard ol l!i ' pllb.ie exigeiiewi. " - 1 Cfthi-so objects, llie first has been in lite co irsn of accompli-sbiiiHiii, in a wanner and to a degree highly satis factory. uTbe amount if il.c,' public debt, of nil c'assea, was, on the fomth of March, lSj.t, sixty-nine million one liuiidre.l mid ninety thousand and thir ty -sown do'l.tis ; payments on account of which have liem niade, since that isrlod, to lb- amount of twelve mil lion seven hundred and three thousand three hundred and twenty nine dollars, leaving unpaid, and iu tho continuous wtrse of jiijnidiition, the sum of 'fifty sit million four hundred and eiidi!v.ir thousand seven hundred and eight il.J- lars. Thus payments, although made l at llie market iirice of the ' resiMvtira classes, of stocks have been rU'eeled rea-lily, n la tltn gMierat advantage of tlie treas'irv. an! have, nt the auie titutvproved of signal utility i'i the re. lurfjthcy Imve" iii.i.lei'tii!!y afl -rdcd lo Ihe money market a"nl in ihe ii.bi-lri il and roiiim.Tci.il f'trliTts of tlu- lotialrv. ".""'"' 'Till! TAIIII'l'. - , , . ' T.o loc )nd of ill vU iu lilL nid obj.s'U, that of the rodiict'oa of the ' tsriil, is of great linporUuce, and the plan, suggested by the Secretary of the Trrasury, which is to reduce' the duties on certain articles and to jM t tlie free list many articles now taxed, and csjecially such as enter into manufac tures and arc not largely, or at all, pro duced in the country, is commend, d to your candid and can-tut consideration. Vnu will find in tl.e report of the Secretary of the Trensuiy, iiiso, abund ant proof ot llie entire adequacy of the present fiscal system to meet all, the re quirement of tho public sei vice, and tnat. while properly i.duiitiistered, it operate to the advantage of the coin " muiiity iu ordinary business re!a ions. I re-peelfully ask your attention to sundry s'lestioiis of improvements ill tho SeltililllCUt of accouiils, (iitH'iallv a regards the large .sums ef niuUtaml ing arrears due to the g.n eriiinent, and ofo'h'-r reforms in the a lmimstr:iti(e action of his ilepartin. iit, which lire in dk'.itoj by llie S.eretary j as al-o to the progress nude in llie construction nl tuariue h.vpitab, custom houses, and of TB tte nimlln Caiil'ornia an -suiy office in tlie city ot Arw toik, hcrei..ere provided foe by Congress ; and also to the eminently stiee 'f:;! progress i.f the 1 ast Stirv. v, and of the L;hl'hoiie Hoard. W AR AMI X.WV 111:1' U'.TX! K XT". Among lbs oljcct iner.ting your at tention, will I i in j m rt .ii 1 1 le,-, ,, iimcs. la lions from the S.'.'relar of ar mid Navy. I mil fully i.ali-ti.'l that the Navy (dVhe Unite I State is not in a c 'tnlilioti of strength -' and Hi -ieiicv coiiiiiict.siiratc with tho m.i'iiittide of our commercial and o:her interests ; and c iniiiieiid to your ('sj.ecial attention the Mlgeste.lis oil ,lllis subject, made by til" Secretary of the Navy. 1 respect fully siibin.i iliat the army, which, un der our s st. ni, iiiusl :d(va s be regard ed with the highest inlcrcM, as a iiuclc us around which llie volirateer f.r.sof the Iiati .11 gather iu the hour of danger, requires augmentation, or miHlifivulioii, lo adapt it to the present ext. 'tided lim its and frontier relations ,,f tin country, and tho c 'ndivion of the Indian li.bes in the interior of the continent ; the ne-ces.-iiy of which wili appear in lliecom muiiicatioiis of ihe Secretaries of War and the Interior. I'osr oiuces. In the a inini-trati. u of the l'ost Of. lice I cpai -tmi'ipt for Ihe ti-cnl year end ing June 3d, 18.1.1, the gross expendi ture, was seven millioiis-nine hundred and o ighly-two thousand seven hund red and filly six doll.irs ; and the gross receipts during the same period, five mdlioii nine huadrcd and forty-two thutisaiid seven hundred and thirty-four dollars ; showing that llie curia lit reve nue failed to meet the current expenses of the department, by the miiii of two million forty -two thousand and ibirly two d dl.irs. The causes which, under the present postal system nnd and taws led inevitably to this result, are fu'ly ex plained by the rejioitof the 1'ostmastcr Ccneral ; one gi eat cause b 'iug ihe e u "rni .us rtj'es the dep arltneiit has Us n cmpelle I to pay f.,r mail service ren dered by r:tibo:ul companies. Tiie exhibit iu llie report of the Post master (ii iieral of the income and ex penditures by mail steamers will bo found peculiarly iiiterestin.;, and of a i charae'er to deiii iud the immediate ac tion ol oligres. itnuion iirnKvr. Numerous nnd flagrant fiatids upon the Tension Itureii'i have been br night to light within the last year, and, iu some instances, merited ptitii-hincnt in flicted ; but, iiufurluiiiiK'ly, in oilier, guilty p irlies hue escaped, not thr ugh the want of siiifieieiil eviibm-M lo wm--ratit a C'.ncii'tion. lull in coiis.'.pienee of the provision of tiniiiatiou in the exist ing laws. From th" n.ilure of lhe.se claims, llie remoteness of the iribuuals lo pass upon tie 'in, nnd the innde ill which ihe proofis, of necessity, furnished, tempta tions lo crime have U-en greatly stimul ated by the ol.v o'ls d Hi 'llltii'S of delect ion. The d.'f.s'ts iu the law upon this subject are so apparent, and so fatal lo the ends of justice, that your carlv acl lull relating to it is lllost. desirible. I'i'at.ic i.mim. 1 hiring the la-l fiscal year, nine mil lion eight bundred and niie ti en tle'ii nu l four hundred and eleven aciesof the public Ian Is h.-nc been surveyed, aud ten it ii ; I i. .it three hundred nud sixty thre" ihousaiid e'ght hundred and iiinc ty . uie iicr-'s brought into market . Willi in the suiie. period, ill" -aV- by public purchase an I pitiTiTiri''ntry aiiioiinlid to one million (ighly-lhree ihotisaii l four hundred nud niiiely llve a-'res ; located under military b itiiity land warrants, six niiibo i on' I.iiii lie. I and forty lo tliou-and three hun Ired and sixty acres ; loat'd Older ..ill. r ( el I iii. .Hi s, line tho'i-aiid t"UC htlti.lr.d and IKeiily sev . :i acres ; e.-d d to the St i!e us swamp l illd. -ixt' en lilillioll silt llllli'lred and -ight-foiir thou. and to binolreil and fltiy thr.-e arm's ; s.-le.-t. d for railroad and other idijicis, under nets of Congress, on" iniil.tci four hiitidr".! and iwenly s'mh th. iisand fair I iimlreil an I tiHy srve.'i r.cri'S. Total am. iTint of lands dl po. d of .within th" li-.:i! year, twenlv live iiiililoii three I'uiidred and forty-six (h.iiwind nine liii'..! ed and ninety two acres, w bieh is an increase fn unantity sold, a:i 1 hi afd under land wirmnts mid grant", twelve million two hun ilrcd mi I ihir'.y-one fhotnand eight hun dred an I eighteen acres ouir the lisftil year immediately preceding. The (pian lily of Ian I stil l during the second and ihiid .piarfers oLlifji, win three liuii ilicd nud lliirly-fuur thousand four hun dred and tifivons ttcris, Tho amount received therefor, was sis hundred and twenly;thrcfl thousand lis; hundred and - uglily seven dollars. The quantity sold the m cond fttid third quarters of the year 1853, oii i mi Ion six. kundrcd and nine thousand nina linn. Ired and nine teen ncntt and the aiiciiMt Wcmed then! 'or, two million two hundred and twenty six thotisuid eight hundred and tervn.y aix dollars, - ' ' . . 'The who! niiinlK'r uf lard warrants Is-iied uitdcr i,x!l?n j biiv, juior to llie 3 3 1 i'f S.-j t m'yf bi t. w.i. two bun- dred and sixty-six thousand nnd fmty two, of whick tbero were outstanding,' at that dale, sixty-six: tliotioand nine huli lred and forty-seven. The quanti ty of Ian I repiired lo s iti-fy these ont stsn.ling warrants is four million twsn Imndred and sevcnty-eigh'. thousand one hundred and twenty acres. , ' Warrants have been i-siied to MOth ot September last, under the act of 1 1th Felirnary, 1847., calling for twelve mil lloa eight liuudrvst and seventy-hitic thousand two hundred and eighty acres ; under nets of Soplcinlicr 28, 18jO; nnd March 22, I S3'!, calling for twelve million five hundred and tive thousand thren hundred and sixty acres; making a total of: .twenty-five million three hundred-nnd eighty four thou-i-and six hundred and forty acres. It i believed that experience has verified llie w isdom and justice of the prcent system, with regard to the pnli he domain, in most essential particulars. You will perceive, from the report of llie Secretary of the Interior, that opin ions, which have often been expressed in relation to the onration of the land system, as not being a source of reve nue to the federal treasury. Were em nisrinjj, Tlii net profit fiom' the sale of tim "public lands to June SO, 1 S,i3. amounted to the sum of lifiy-thrco mil lion two hundred. and-eigbty nine thou sand four hundred and sixty lii e dollars. recommend the extension of the land system over the Tt ri iloiies of Utah and New Mexico, willi such modiliea lions" a tlu'ir -peculiarities may reipilra. I.egar lingiiur public domain as chief ly valuable to provide homes f.r ihe in dustrious and enterprising, I am not prepared to recommend any essential change in the land system, except by uio litlcaliiins in favor of the actual set tler, and an extension of. the pre-emption principle in ccrlain cases, for reasons, and ui ground , w hich w ill be fully di veloped in the reports lo be laid before you.. Congress, representing the propriet ors of the tcriiluial domain, and char ged especially with power lo dispose of territory la-longing to the United Stales, litis, for n long course of years, hegin niug with the administration of Mr, lellcrson, exercised the power'lo Con-, struct roads within llie territories; and (here are so many nnd obvious distinc tions l-otwei'ii this exorcise of power nud that of making roads within the Slates, that tlie former ha never b.-en considered subject lo such objections as apply lo the latter, ami sncjA Hiay now le considered ihe settled coiistiuction of the power of the federal government upon llio eubjecl. ' ;-'' ' "' i K.iuioArs.''.. ' Niimeious applications have be(n,.iiiiT tie d nibt will c.'iiiiiiue lo be, made for grant of bind, iu aid of the construc tion of railiiays. It is not believed lo be w ithin the int. ait nud meaning of the constitution, that Ihe power to d s sise of the public domain, should be used otherwise than might la- expected' from a prudent proprietor, nud, there fore, that grants of laud lo ird in the construction of roads should lie restrict ed to cases, where it would bo for the interest of a proprietor, under like cir cumstances, thus to contribute to I he con- ul -,i..t -... oflliefiA Uiill-d too. (he i.f.ie. .... ileal operation oi sucu grants ions wr, iii a Iviiueing the interests of ihe States in which the works arc I. sated, a'id at lliu kiiiiki lime the substanllal interests of all the other States, by enhaneiiig the value and promoting the rapid sale of the public ilomaiii. I refer you to there port of the Secretary of the Interior. A careful examination, liowuvor, will show thnt this experience is the result of a just discrimination, and will be far from af fording encouragement to a reeklcs.i or indiscriminate extension of llij principle., INVENTIONS ANn IllKIMIV1 lilll Kll. I commend to your favoiable consid eration llie men of (renins nf our coun try, who, by their inventions nnd 'is coveries in science and art, have contri buted largely lo the improvements of the ago, w ithout, in many instance, se curing for themselves anything like an a b"piate reward. For in.inv interest ing details Upon (his subject refer you lo the appropriate report, and ) cially urge upon your early nl U-ntiuii ll.e apparently slight, but really imlior Unit inodifi atioiis of cxi-ling laws therein suggested. iihihict of rmi'MuiA. The liln-ial sjiiril wh'-e'i bus so long marked tlm actioii of Congress in reln "lion to the l'istrict of Columbia will, I have no doubt, continue to lie manifest ed. The erection of an asylum dr the iu sane of the lli-tii t ot Columbia, and of the army and navyeof the United States, has'beeti somewhat retanhd, hf (he great demand for materials and la bor during the past minnier; but full preparation for I he reception cf patients, before lliu reliini of another winter, is anile p ited ; and there is the Is'st rea son to believe, from llio plan nnd Coll teniplited nrrangiinenU which have been devised, with the large exericne furnished wiihiu the Inst few years in r. lilio i lo the nature nnd In ntui' iit of liie disea-e, th.'if it wili prove no asylum indeed lo ibis mo t hclp'ess and I'll i't. e ! !. of suir. rcr, and H ind as n "ble moiiuineiit of wisdom and mercy. Under the acl of Congress of August !l 1 , 1 H,V. ami i f March .1, 1 801. design ed to secure for llie cities of iViedi ington nnd tieorgetnwn an iilaiinlaiit suppply of good and wliolesome witerr it. 'Istcaiiii! my du'y to examine the re port and plans of ihe engineer w ho bad char,'"! of the surveys' under tho net fir t named. The bits), if not tlm only plan, cii'culatcjl to securj permanently the object sought, was that which coiilcmpluts taking the water -from llio (ire.lt Fulls of tlie I'otoln te, and rone.meiitlv, I gave to it my approval. For the progress and present condi tion of Ilia liiiKUtaiit wotk, and f r it demands, o far ns appropriations nr eoneermHl, I rct r vofi ti) tho rcot t of the Sfreinry of Snr, ' - - -sc.- M'nicivor, . ' ' TIm presci't judicial system ftf the U idted Slates has now been in ri(,(f'ii,n foftm tm'X pcrioil of time, and h.i, in it if. nersil then y en I linn h i-f iii de t nl .b'eComc s.) ani liar h) tlie O 'M'.I v, NUMBER 51. and acrplieed "so entic'y the public' con fidence, that if modified in nny respect It slnmld only l-e in those aarticol-irs which may adapt it to the increased e"i tent, population, and hgal business of the UniU-d States In this relation, the organisation f the courts U now con fessedly iii.Klequaia to the duties to be performed by them : in cons juonco of which the Slates of FJorida, isconsin, Iowa, Texas and California, and ,div trb ts of oiber Static ro in effect f eluded from the full beneflta of the gen eral system, by the function of tlie cir cuit court 1 icing devolved on the district judges in all those States, or part of State. The spirit of the constitution and a due regard to justice require that all the States of the Union iliotild be plaed on the same fooling in regard to I be judi cial tribunal. 1 therefore commend to your consideration this iniortant sub ject, which, in my judgment, demands the speedy action of Congress. I will present to you, if deemed desirable, a plan, which I am prepared to recom mend, for the eulargoment and moditi C iti'm of the present Judicial system. ' The net of Congress cwtublisliingtthe Smithsonian Institution provided that Ihe l'resident of the United States, and other personatlK'Hin designated, Blioidd constitute an "establishment" by that nam", nnd that tho members should hold statist and special meeting for the supervision of the affairs of the Institu tion. Tho organisation mil -having ta ken pluoff.'it seemed to ma proter that it should be vffected without delay. This ha l-een done, and nit is'easion w as thendiy'prcsenteil for inspecting the condition of the Institution, nnd appre ciating its aucciwsful progress thus fur, nud its high promise of great and grrn ura! lisefiilni:ss. lMKHNAL IMI'ltOV tlltNTS. 1 have omitted to ask your favorable ToiiidTatioiv for the estimates of works of a lo,'iil cliaraotei iu Iwetity-seveii of me iiiiriv-onu rstaies, anromiiuiirio one million seven hundred' nnd' fifty-four thousand live hundred dollnrs, because, independently of tho grounds ' which have so often been urged nigainst tho appliontion of the federal revenno for works of this chnracter, inenualitT with conaeqiieiit injimtiee i linhent iu tho, nature of the propoMtiojn, nnd lwi)atisu the plan hits proved entirely inndeipiiilo to tho necwni'lisbmcut of the objects sought. - e ' , - 'iho subject of Internal improve ments, claiming nliko the interest and good wili of all, has nevertheless, been llie basis of much political disenssion, and has stood as deep graven line of. division djetween statesmen of eminent ability and patriotism. The rule of strict construction of nil powers ilclega ted by the State to tho fgencral gov-eriimi-nt hiia arrayed itsellVI'roiii timelo lime, ng!iinst the rapid jirogrcas of ei pendilures from the national treasury on works of a local character wilhin the Stales. Memorable an epiKh in the history tuf ibis subject is the message of l'residout JacksoH, of the 27lh May, 181J. w hich met tlmsisteiii of internal impmvcmeiiUin i Its ciTniprtrative infnn rv ; Imt so rapid had been llie grow th, liiut the projected appcopriationa in that year for works of tills character had risen to the alarming nmottilt of more than one hundred millions of dollars. Ill that message the l'resident admit ted the dltlleulty of bringing liack the iiieralions irf llie government to the construction of the crmsiiirrtion li-Lnp in 17UR, and maikcd it ns nd a im ory proif of the necessity of giiiirdin: Dial msiriimeui wnu siecpicsa viguniive ngaint the authority of precedent", which had not the sanction uf its most plainly defined jniwers, ., i A . " Our frovcriniietit exists under a writ ten compact lietwecn sovereign States, uniting for a-H-cit'io objecta, and with specific; grants to their general agent, If, then, iu the progress of ila adminis tration, there have been departures from the terms and intent of tho compact; itis, nud will ever bo, proper to refer bimk to thoflxed standurd, wWc.h .our fnlhcrM left ns, nud to mnko n stem ef' fort to conform our action, to it. ' It would seem fhnt the fact of a principle having liecn resisted front tho first by many of the w isest and moot patriotic inch of the n-ptibtie, and a policy hav ing irovofcej constant strife, without ar riving nt a conclusion which ran he re garded as satisfactory to Its most earn est advocates, shoulii suggest, the inqui ry whether there niay not Is? n plait likely M le crowned , by h.'ij'pier re- .I .f. . .!.!. -I . . I ! ... ,sults. Without ts'reciving any sound, dislindii.n, or intending to anscrt any prirwipb! as o-iposed. to improvements needed for the protection of internal iromm. rcc, which-dom not eina!ly nw ply to improvi incuts ujMinfhe seaboard for the protection STforeigii cummerce, I siilnnit fo yon, w hether it Way not be Kif.-ly niit'icipated that, if flu'- policy wete oiioa (wttl.nl against approiiriations by the-general (jovvrunicnt for local im proVi inents for the lirnefjt of comnu-rco localities r"'ptiriiig enpenditiiiisji would not, by ntisb-s and menus clearly' legi timate and priip r, raise" the fund ffrsces s,'iiy for sunk foi'itniction a Ifiosaf 'ty or other iu'ercV-i of tbcif " cmntnercd Inlgbt niqwire. " . ;r If that can lie reginhs) rr n sysL-m, hit!i,.iii the exjiei rence of more irmn thirty years, has at n timo so coots, uiatided the public judgment a to givo it the ihiiracier of n fceiiled ol:cy, -v which, I hough it hss iridiiced some works of roiictded imlrllnc-,, has bwn atteude I with an eH iiditiir quite dis proHirionale lo their value,- wind hat resulted iu squandering large sunn up on object wIim Ii have answered no val uable purposi,-the lnust of nil tho Slates require it to be alxmdoncd, un less hopes may he iiidnlgul fo the fu liirn which find no warrant in the jnsb Vnh nnxious desire for tlw comple ll.moflho works which nro regarded bv all g d cit'zen with sincere intrN csl, I have deemed it my duty to ask. at tour liunils a ilehlierat iv eoiisubr ationof the question, with a bops that animated by a desire to p "Tiioto (he K'rinaneiit and subsinutial li.teriit of thee tintay, your wiilqm irmy prme eon I lo the? tit k ofdiiis'ng and ma- luring a plan, nh'cli, applied lo this snltjeet, niiey ' aswmlse iktmietiikt I.eeXsw than coristawt stritw, the snspeiit" nt tlie poiwers of Is-arenterpriaa, tlie'rxcf' s ting vain hops, nii the duapjioinlnirnt , tf cbcrislo-d etpectariun. c., . i.. ti nanamm !. - ."s la erpcrijbng thesppro.rmlionsrrmd" 1 by the last Cn.iijnss, ScTS-rnl esses have' ' arisen in. il it'ion to work for the im provement of hart-on, which- involve , question m the rihl to 8 and jus- isdiction, and kave ibrcslenrd coelbrt between the authority of k Stat ami jt1" general goverBments. Tlw right r cooslmct a breakwater, jcliy, or ttW, .would Seem, BeecKinrify, la earrj with H ' " the power to- protect and pis serve sack const roctioo". ThU can caiy be cftW tually done by having jnrisdiction oof the aoil. Hut no cbwnn f the eensti- " otion found, orrwkkh lo rt tlie , j claim of the United State- t. vm.s , jurisdictMHt over the soil of a Stt.! ;i sept that nferrr4 by Ihe eighth trinm v of llie first article of thV ronstiralum. ' Itis, then, nbmitted, whether, i all ' ' rase where eonstrnctiona ar to-lee- .. reeled by the general jrtwerwmeat, the , right of (oil should not hrst be obomird - -t aud 1rgi-lativ provisiot madu Iu- . covtr all aucli can ; " For the progresa made in tl ec--: stroction of roads within th territories, . as provided for in the apnropriatioaa of r the kwt Congrri -refrr toil the ,. report of tlm Hccretary of War. mkaki or cofacfr. , - There U one subject of a domestic aa- ture, whicli, from it inliit aie impor-' -tance, and Ik, many inUreWing aue-'- t tiom of futur policy whicfl it invohrew, -cannot fail to receive jor early sKrn- , tion. I allude to th means t4 mnws nication, by which dilforeat part of th -. 'wkU expans of our country are Kr b t laced in closer conn ciiou (or pirpai-e oth of defenc? and commercial inter courso, and mora especial !y each as ap. ' pertKia to the communication of tlm . great divisioni of the Uuion, which lie. , ' , on tho opposil aide cf U Moky , ,. Mountains. ' -1 ; , 1 1 '- , That th govefnmens'Iina mni been unmindful of this hcrwtofbro. is apparent from tlm ail it him aff-ded, ikroajjli appropt rations for mni I facilrtie d other ptiriosCs. Hut the general iW jeet willi now present itself under aspect . mart imposing and wore purely nation al, by reason of th tnrvey ewderwl by Congress, and now rar tho proces of completion, for communication by rail- , -w.-ry---iisrosii the continent, and wheily , wilhiu th limits of llie UniU'd Si.oScs, . ' The power to declare war, lo raise- t : and support armies, . to -rovich'id a imiinUiii a navy, and t'l call forth the imlitm to execute tlie laws, suppress in- ., Knrrections and repel invasions wa .' conferred upon Congavsis as testitm to ' . provide for tho common defea, amllo , protect', a territory and ft p're-Mtua :.. now w'ule-spreal and vastly multiplied, -As incidental to and indispensable for the cxerciso of this power, it rwmt aome-, ' time tie neceftary to construct milita- . ry roads and protect barlwr of fetiige. . To appropriations by Cowgrt for such objects, no Hound objectiort can lie - - raiscif. Happily for onr eouulry, It peaceful policy and rapidly increasing j, 'population, impose npoii ns no urgent necessity for fircparntion, and leave but , v few trackless (tiyerls between assailable , (oints and a triotie peoplu er ready , and generally able Iu pr4ocl ihei. ' '- J Thesa-mteessary link, the ctiterprise a and energy of our people are Meadilv '.'T ad UilJlJ utrng-jling to stTpply. Ail eMf ieneo Hf lit in that, wherever prl- . , rate enterprise will atail, It it must wise '4 for the general goteranienl to leave ta i;) that and indiddlial traicbfiilneu the location and cjeculion of atl means o( cimimuiiiealion. ! s o ' - ' PAC'IITC nSII-ROAD. -1 ' The survey befte allmled to were . .. designed to asfeflnih the most prsctic- Lie nnd economical route for a railroad ' from the river Mississippi to the I'arifhi ocean, , I'artim nf fio in the field . ninkintf exidorstiorrs wliera previous j exniiiiimtions had not irtpplied suHicieal . data, nhd where thorc wa th best re son to hope the object sought might Im found. The men'nsaiid time being both ' limited, it is not to be xpcted that all the accumta knowledge (b-sired will lie obtained, but it is lioed that much and , imirtant Inforninlioa will be added to , ' the slia-k pretioflsly possessed, and that . 'partial, if not full report of the snrvevs " , orderiNl, , will , lie rrei'fi'cd in time for -v Ir'insniiirsion to th two House of Con rrcss, on or beforo the first Mcnday iu ' , February next, a required; by the act ; of impropriation. The mngiiilude oflh euti-rprrsa coiiteniplutiHl has aroused, snd will doUlitless coiil imio tofxeite a very gMii-ral interest throughout lha t t country lit ha political, its mtittw einl. nnd it military bearings, ii ha ' , varied, grcert, and increasing claim to coiishlcrailftfi. Tho heavy exjiense, th , great delay, and at t tnes, fiitahly at- : tending travel by either p(, lha isthmus , mute, have demonstrated the advan- , tug", which would result from ilitcrrito- ' ' rial communication by audi safe and. rapid means a a railroad would supply, . , TIlcV) difllciillMA Viliich have been : ., encountered in a js-rirsl of pxace, would he magnified nnd still farther increased ' in lime of war, ' llul w hilst lha enilwr- rttssineiit already encounb-red, and oth ers uiiib-r new Contingeucli to bean-" ticipnted, may acn e strikingly to exlinV- , it the importjinerf such a work, tici- thur thcsc.'nor all consideration coins , billed, can have an appreciable value," ' when weighed against tho obligation ' iiiicily to adhere to -the consliiution, nnd f'ailhfiilly lo execute lb power it confers. Within this limit, ami iii (he extent of the interest of the goi'ertintit , iuvulvcd, it would teem bold expedient and proper, if an economical and pracs liciil route slmll l-o found, to aid, by all constitutional ineans in. the cunstrac-, 1 tion of a road, which will uniie, by speedy transit, iho population of th l'luilic Jind Atlantic Slates, To guard I ngainst minCiHicefilion. it whould b r narked, that allhougli the power to construct, or aid in the const niclion of, , a road wilhiu tho limits of a territory ia not embarrassed by lhat iiction of ju risdiction which would aiiso wiihin th , limits of a Stale, it i aevpilheles held ' to tie of doubtful power, and ror llan doubtful propriety.even wilbln the lim- " iH of a tcritory, for the fjem-rnl govi crnment tqi'tindertake U adiniiitater th . nll'.iir of a railroad, a canal or othef . . siHiiksr riHislriictiois and thrn-fore llia its rswnrciion villi a work of this chnr, ' aeler should I incidental rather than " p iniary," 1 will only ab at present, thai, fully tippnciaiing the magnitudu of llie ml, J.a t, and s. ln:ltoiis bl tli) Ad uitk and V'ov liore if tlx r
The North-Carolina Star (Raleigh, N.C.)
Standardized title groups preceding, succeeding, and alternate titles together.
Dec. 14, 1853, edition 1
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