This page has errors The date, title, or page description is wrong
This page has harmful content This page contains sensitive or offensive material
Click "Submit" to request a review of this page.
0 / 75
'r rrtBiVBBa'i WILLIAM C. DO tJB, - tDiroa iitrioruiivi. - Illlli y mui strictly la advaaee, tw dollar par ea ses; tw debar ad fifty mU, if paid withia ki ; mmi tare doUars at lb sad of U year. '- ' A D TERTISKM SSTS aot xeJiBg ititao Bs still NiwM4 a tia for a dollar, aad .-toiv-ivs naU far oael abeaaBt lartioa. Tbss f fruur laogtb will ba charged proper lidaaily- Coartlirtlersacd Jdiee.fc.rTjliss:Bt- atll s eaorrea par ee Burner toaa in bov i rstss. A nHat! deduction will b made ta , ,Jkojvi-.crtfrljyTJi year. Bank end Job Printig doa witk aaata aa Jsspsteh, aad mm aceoamodatiag term. 4mssss a r awwgwwaa GENEItAL MKECTOUY. CITY GOVERNMENT. va. Dallat Haywood, Intendant ot Police. coat'saioxxas. Eoiterm Ward. FJdridge Smith, A. Adams. MidJU Ward.K. L. Harding, " "Mf Procter. - E. Cantwell, Wetterm Ward. A. M. Gorman, " H. 1). Turner. 3., J. Christophers, City Clerk, A. SI. liorman, City Trea. City Guard. Jamea M. Crawley, M Jackson Overby. City Constable. Edward Harris. " William Andrews. A. Adams, Weigh maater. 15. llnrria, Clerk of tii Market VOLUME XLVIL EALEGH, NQSTH CAEOLUfA, WEDNESDAY MORNING. JANUABT ;9. 1856. PRESIDENTS MESSAGE Filiate ciiitnt of tin Senate ttd Hem of Hrpracntaiieet ; The constitution of the United State provides that Congress shall assemble annually on tb first Monday of December, and it haa bean asual lor the President to make no eommuniratiun of a public character to the Sennt and lloao of Representatives until advised of their read- men to receive it. I have deferred to this wage until the clow of the tint month of the esirn, but my eunvidtiou of duty will ot permit me longer to postpone the discharge of the obligation enjoined by the constitution up oa the President " to give to the Congress infor mation of the State of the Union, and recommend to their eonidertil.n such measures aa he shall judge necessary and rxpedien.." It is a matter of congratulation that the Re public is tranquilly advancing in a career of pros perity and peace. NUMBER, 2 Marios nwsi cxntxai. AMiaira. I be- C0UKT8. The Supreme Court ot North Carolina i ..eld Whilst relations of amity continue to exist iitcou tue . iinrn niairs ana ail loreign powers, with aunts of them grave questions are depeeod ing which may require the consideration of Con gress. Of such questions, the most important is that which has arisen out of the negotiations with Ureal Britain in reference to Central America. By the convention concluded between the two governments on the l'.lth of April Inou, both par ties eonvenanted that " neither will aver" "oc cupy, or fortify, or colonize, or assume or oxer- S. this aits semi-annuallv. on the second oidsv ei any doniininn over, Nicarntru. Costa Hit a. i wv ..KjmiMikw ur any pari ui lenirai Auier- i tea. " It was the undoubted, understanding of the United States, in making this treaty, that all the present Stub's of the former republic of Central Anieriea, an I the entire territory of each, would thenoefnrth enjoy complete independence; and that both eontrauting parties engaged tquallv. mm'i in me saiur rxient, ior rne prexent and lor tliefoture;thatifeitherthenbadnny claim of riht in Central Ainiirira, such claim.nndnll occupation orauthorityunderit.wt'rcutireservedly relinquish ed by the stipulati.ms'of the convention; anil that no dominion was thereafter to be exercised or assumed in any part of Central America, by tireat llritaic or the United States. This government consented to restrictions in regard to a region of country, whnrein we had specitic and peculiar interpt,only upon the con viotion that the like res'rietions weie in the same tense obligatory on Oreat Hritain. Hut for this uiidoisUiidin;.f the force and effect ofthe Con vention, it would never have been concluded, by in June, and tl'.a &hh day of Itoeemlier Judge. lion. Frederick nasli, thiol Justice, n. in. earuon, Associate uage, W. 11. Bailie, " Edmund B. freeman. Clerk; Ham. C. Jones, Reporter J. J. Litchford, Sr., Marshall. The United Vuns L irrutf Court for the Dis trict of North Carolina is held semi-annually in this city, on the 1st Monday in June and the last Monday In November. Judge.-lion. J. si. Wayne, ofUeorgia; II Henry Potter, of Fayetteville; I)istrict'Attorn Kolwrt I'. iic; tier, w m. it. linvwood. Marslwll, Wesley Jones. The Superior Court for this County, is held on he Drat Monday after the fourth .Monday iu March and September. John V. Moore, tiers. Jos. B. Bachelor, Atkirnev General and Solic itor of the fourth Judicial District. The Court of 11ea$ and Quarter Senium is held on th third Monday in February, May, '. of the Mosouito Indiana, the extended jurisdiction ana limit of toe ttalue, and the colony of the Bay Islands, and thereupon proceeds by implica tion to infer, that if the stipulations of th treaty be merely future in effect, Uraat Britain may still ountinu to hold the rontested portiona f Central America. The 1 nited Slates cannot admit either the inference or the premises. We steadily deny, tliat, at the date of th treaty. Great Britain bad any HMsMions there, other than th limited and peculiar establishment at the Bulite, and maintain that,. if h hod any, they were sur rendered by the convention. This government, reoognixing the obligation of (be treaty, has of course donited to) see it exe cuted in good faith by both parties, and in the discussion, therefore, has nut hoked to rights, which we might assert, independently of the treaty, in coai leration of our ireoirranHical ni- tion and of itther eirmmstannes, a-oich erea'efor uvrelations to tle Central American Stit, dif-! ferent from those of any government of Euriq a. The brtiish governiuent.iii its lastoonimuiiica tinn, although well knowing the views of the toiled Stami.srill deolarei thai it noes no reason why a conciliatory spiri. may nut eimble the two governments to oveivone ail obstacles to a satU- tacrory adjustment of thesuhject. Assured of the correctness of the constructicq of tlte treaty constantly adhered to by this gov ernment, and renolve l toiusi-tbn th rights of the tniied States, yet actuated also br tlie same destra, whleh is avowed by tin1 Krii'sh aovevn. ment, to remove an cau.c ui'erimis misiiiiuVr staading between tbe two nation associati by o many ties id' iuterest and kindred, it has appeared tome proper not to consider au amicable solution of the controversy hopeless. There is, howevor, ruason to apprehend, that, with Great Britain in the actual iccupation of the disputed territories, and the treaty therefore practically null, so fir as rejrards our rights, tlii internatiinal tlifictdty ounnnt long remain un determined, without involving in secious danger the friendly relations, v hich u is the interest as well aa the duty of I Kith countries to cherish and preserve. It will afford me s.no-rs gratification, if future efforts shall resuliio thosa mess anticipa ted heretofore with in oro contidoiKte than the as pect of th case permits in now to entertain. State not being discontinued, and th disclosure J nch measure as may appear to h required in of th fact that they were fmneruteJ npon a sva- assert and secure the rigbm of the CnV tematie plan devised bf nflwal authority ;frlhat ! ted Stales, so far as they are affected by Uip re recruiting rendexvoos had been opened in mir tensions of Denmark, principal cities, and depot for th reception of j ' rBAViB. recruits established on our frontier : an I tl. v snnollIie, with much mtincatiiw. that since whole business eonducte.1 under th suoerv,si., I lU j.mment of th last t ongr. th ques and by the rsrular ,-erati..n of British officers, . ,io(l ,ien lM(e ,,; government and rivil and military, some in "oNnf'j! A"W';?n i that of France, respecting the French consul at nrovtnces. and some in the 1. in lea Males, 1 h : u:.. .. ...,:.r......:i o,..i complicity .nf those officer in an undertaking, KnA tim rtl(! f ,10 vr which enuld only lie aceoniplshed by delving our laws, throwing suspicion oanr mir attitude of neutrality. and disregarding our territorial riuhts. is conclusively proves! Iy the etideuc rtM-iteiion c-intiiiti to be of the most friendly nature, iikkk-i. A question, also, which has lieen pending for the trial of such of their nients as have Wen a-' severnl years between the Cniied Males and tlte prehended and convicted. Srfniiif theonK-ers thus Kiiigdoui of lireece, gfowing nut ofthe sequcs implicated are of high official position, and msov ! trainn by pulilic autiiorities of that Country, id" nf thetn beyond onr jurivlicim, so thai Icjrtl prei-iy In -lunging to tho present American eon- proeeivtinjes eiMtld not reach the so r.-e iH me ui ai .i;iei,, .m i no-n nao neon ine unjr.-i n verv e.ifnest tiisctiseion ticrefoTnrc. nas reecnv ly been settled t,, tho satisf:vetinn of the -party ititerwetcl and of b tth govmineots. ' SI'S IN, With Spain, peaceful relations are still main tained, and some progress has lo-cn made in se curing the redress ot wrongs cioni'Uiued ot by this iiotrrnineut. Sisiin has not only disavowed and disapproved th cofiduct of lb officers, who : n i .. 4 a-,-. 1 .l.- . mM,.i, .,, , . , , . i... niv4 lira u.Tw.oiTTii iiv ricnmn ...v ill lie communicated to von in do tone. t,v ., ;... 11. 1 .. k.. ;j il.. I'tley, l lerk AS illiam Boy-- August and November. Jeff. LAairmaa of the County Court, lsn. County SotirltorK. P. Marriott. fikeriffof Wake CoMjr-William II. High. Coroner Willis Scott. Hr jitter. II. llutson. 80 clear was this understanding on the part of the United Stntes, tint, in corrp nidonra cod L niponuieous with the rntificutlon of thconven-. I lion, it was d siinc ly exp'-ewed, that the mutual ! covenants of n n-s-.-uoation were not intended to I apply to the Itr.ti.h establishment at the Balixc. BANKS. ! Ihi" qualitiiati.in is to I ns-rilted to the fact flnnlr of the Slate of North Carolina, incorpn- I "'at, in virtiio id successive treaties with previous ratwi ir.hi. ttianer expires in itMsi. t annul 1 "i ine couotry, ure 11 Hritain bad ol 1,.VK),IKI, divided into l.i,(XXI slmros-of n hi. I the Literary Board hold o.H'JT apd the Univer sity HHHI. Principal Bank nt Raleigh. (ieorge W. Mordecai, l'rmidciit. Charles llewev. Cashier. J. 11. Bryan, Jr.. Teller and N. t iry IV!, He. W. E. Andersou, Discount I'ivik una Notarv Public Jordan Wout'de. Jr.. V Icrk. Ttiis B iuk lis lo-ancMcs at Xcwii-rn, T.irbor,, laineu a coiicessrin or the right to cut mahogany or dye-woods at toe llalize, but with positive ex clusion of nil dnmiiUion or sovereignty ; ami thus it confirms the naiur.il cunstruction and under stood import of tiie trt-itv ns tonll the rest of the region to which the sti; ulati.ms applied. 1, o 'e ctit, ucc JltCKOlTMIiXT. One ntber subject ufdiscussion betwoen the t'nitcd States andtireat Britain has gmwn out of the attempt, wVit-h the exigencies of the war in which she is engaged wiih liussia, induced Iter to make, to draw recruit from the I nited States. It is the traditional and settled policy ol the t'nitcd State o maiiituin impartial neutrality during the wsrs, w hich frhm time to time oocur auioog the great powers ofthe world. Perhiruiiog all tlie duties of neulruliiy lotvardsthe respecttivc belligerent states, we may rcasi,nahlvexpc.t then: not to interfere with our lawful eojovnieut of its benefits. Notwithstanding the existence of such hostilities, our citisens retain the individual right to continue nil their urct,tuei pursuits, by land or by sea, at home or abroad, subject oulv b such restrictions in this relation, as tlie lass of war, the us.te of nations, or speital treaties, may impose; and it is our ivere gn right thai our territory and jurisdiction -hall not be invaded by cilher of the l-elli-cvren? parties, fur the transit of their armies the op-mil ,11 of their lleeta, the levy of troops for their seriics, the Uttiuc out'f I crosier by or g liita i 1 her.utj iuy fier act or iuci- nitschief. Tliose considerations, and th fai't, that the cause of complaint was not a mere casual (s corrence, but a deliberate design, entered mum with full kto-wlcde of our laws slid national pol icy, and e 'inlncte-l l.y resfsmsihle pntdio fumv tionaries, iui'ielled tiff to present the case to the British government, inorderto secure, not only a cessation ofthe wrtn-' but its ro-iration. The ubieet is still .umier dtscasseio, the result of which I repeat the reco-nmenifaiion submitted to the last Congress, that pr 1viss)'l,; Ior tf ni-iu or ...io..; ..i -iii-r, in connexion with lire it Britain, to snrvey and establish th Isuin d.i y lino, which divides the Territory of Wash ington from the contiguous British possession. By reason of the extent and iuitwo'taiiCe of, tho country in dispute, there has beea imminent dan ger nf collision iHitween the "subject of tlrcat Britain and the citizens of the I nited State, in cluding their respe'tivo authorities in that quar ter. I lie prosii'ct id a speedy arrangement has contribute 1 hitherto to induce on btl: sides for bearance to asers by force what each claim as a right. C uitimi.i-i, e id' dniay tin the part of the two governments to-act in the matter will in oreasi) the dangers nnd difficulties i f the ountro versv. Misunderstanding exists as to the client, char acter, and Value of the possessury rights of the Hudson' Bay Company, and the property of the Puget's Sound Agnciiltoril t. tenant, reserved 111 our treaty with ijrcat Britain relative to the I Territory of () -e ron. I have reason to lslior I that a cession of the rights of both coaipanie to the I. rule, 1 sines, wmuh wool I lie the readiest means of terminating all questions, can be olc laine-1 on reasonable terms t.an-l with a view to this end, 1 present the sulcet i tlie attention of Congress. , Th e d ny nf Newfoundland, hirvirij eritietcd thp laws required bv the treaty of th 5th nf June 164, is now placed on thesauie footing, id. res sped to commercial intercourse with the t'nitcd St Has, a tlie other British North American prov inces. Th commission which that treaty eiuvem- plated, for determining the rights of fishery in rivers and mouth of rive.'s on the coasts of the coasts of tho I'oitr 1 r'entes and the British Prov ince, ha been org mixed, an I h is commenced its Inh rs ; to complete which there is needed further apprupri iliotis for the service of a'no'lfer seasou. .' !- - . - .. I th pane of th settlement In tb Territories rsf llregon mmi "9'asliingtoa is disturbed by hostili-' itiea oa th part of tb Indiana, with Indication of xtniy combination of a hostil character among the tribes in that quarter, the vnr so rioa in tbeir possille efTert ly reason of th determined fc.reiga interest existing hi thoss) Terriloriss. In hich yonr sttrrtK n ha sbeady been especially invited. IfFcient sneasure hsv been taken, which, U I believed, will restor quiet, and afford ptotertinn to jotir eitixer. Ia th Territory of Kansas, ther 1 hav besm acta prejudicial to good order, tut a yet Bon have occurred under rirrunittsncrs to justify th interposition of the federal Executive. That eouldonlyte in case of 'i nstruction to federal law, or of nrganixed res'wtsnc to territorial law, assuming the character of insurrection, wku a if it should occur, it would be my duty rnouiptly a overcome and suppress. I cherish the bin, . how ever, tliat th orcurreurof any uh untcwarw event will be prevented by the sound sens of th people ofthe Territory, who, by it organic law," possessing the riht to detertuin their own do mestic institutions, are entitled, while deporting themselves peacefully, to th free exercise of that right, and must be protected In the enjoyment of it, without interference on the part of th eifixn ot any 01 the States. Th southern boundary lire of thi Territory wloi'h that deiiemls. j nos never neen surveveti scj estnmu-nea. tna The priucrple that all-money not required f-r ! rapumexteiiding setllcniei ts In tbnt"igion, and reader it scarcely possible for any ooneidcrabl fraud on the part of those aeents, or neglect involving haiard of serious nublic loss, to escape detection. 1 renew, however, th recommenda tion, heretofore made by me, of th enactment of a law declaring it felony on the part of public officer to insert false entries in their book of record or account, or to make falsa retains, end also requiring them-on'The termination i f their service to deliver to their successor all books, recorda, and other object bf a public nature in their custody. Deriveil a- ourpublie revenue is, in chief part, from duties on imports, its magnitude afford gratifying; evidence of the pmsperity, not only of onr commerce, hut of th other grcoT interest I ""'"J Fsvetletille, V ilnmiii. totte, M It. in, M rtuto l.)i:lf, l-l 'l! I'l I d-,.r it. Cli ,1 ollii' II , T- Ht.iV ,, t. rorNu i.i ia. I In pursuance of the authority snnfcres-l bv l atter eoleiii.e c ,,n il. ,i;H..l,.-.. r... - ueni in sr. nn'i uirw uinu-uiaoie ricms 01 ,-. , , . . r , . . . t t en, ,' lir , B -i15, . P "I neutrality, iu-lividual and national, the I nited rd..t.i,..fth S.atef the I ,.,l. . S.uies ! Z I Zir I', s , . rr " a I""' "i'tv b U,"U' " ci-nistances.urrnlor. I -' , J'T'1 F-U 1 1 ,11 tbst l,rV,(T,l Z . ""'""'y " put.usnce of thi. p dicv. the law. of the I 1 k' "n,!" U'i"1' !'."' 'j"1 ''." ; ; c le t c' , , 11I I ' 'V" ' "V S.:.t". do not f r.;..l .heir ci.i.e:,, ,b sell "... g -vcrnmvn. J(. aya -If f the Mipirci- , line 1 i,i 1 ...(u.i,, , . a... no I cve..n- tl.e n.. ,,, . . . ...... .. tion ..f the .ti!i..tn ' c mvc; ,,11 ,.t fro. ....... .11 o-l l h.c.l ; that she rcgi'dl-d II h'-r a. dilute -I m i 11, and w .n cj-aduallv in;; it- !:mits at l,e exj,ei.sc..f tlie Sta-' lor i- : I th it .l,e h id f.r.n.iHv cci i,s dei -ible 11 -ui .r gnu. p l.uown us tlie Bay l-l hi b. ii-c I. c.tig ii. . t riiit, :u ili.it S-o e. .Ml ll.e-i- !ti- or 1 rcti-n.io- s of (ilent ll.ils n. 1- t- u.1,1.,. if ... k .. !'r-g mvt-.siiiiei ii 1, nvrt trr rt:p Tna iilcsi icimr oilier T P ,. , 1 .. .. . l. ....... 1 , . . 1. ., , ,, , , ,JWsy. o:d-K.miioai!iJ- oinl .amis-mail .Imma, e-ipuiu'.on vrrti Tfic I te'TXates. as under- i ., r, . e.i . 1 1.. .1.;. ... .1 . . .. regardless ol the de;iniioii of thos aruelcs. . .. . .,j ..... h ",,ij, ,, u..n oi-cii ii.auv mr Mihjcci of begun ition ihiouch the American M 'luster in L nd.-n. 1 traunud herewith the in nti octioiis to 1 i tit 0.1 he subji-et, and the corres p ndence beta ecu Iniiiaud the British Secreinry f r Foreign Alfi;r-. l.y which y-u will perceive that tba two goiernuiciils differ widely and irre rcu.cile it.U as 1.1 th" construction of the c inven tion, and iisetfcci on their itspe.-lite rlations to t'eiitrni Ame.ii-a. . tireat Britain so construes the conventi.11, as to i.iainlaiu.uiicl snged all her previous preten siomorer the M .u.o.to cwt, sud in d.Tcreut partsof t'clril .Vuicri.-a. The preleusioii,as to tlie Mosspii'o e. a-t.!af f-.ui.dejon tiieusauiui lioo of tHihttral lulalion l-twren (ireit Britain and th remnant of a tribe of Indians ou the cuist.eiitrrrd iotu at a nine when the whole Coun try mi a rutin a. p. ion of Spain. Il can not 1st suerewfully controverted, that, by "the public law of Kuro and America, no H.il,lo act of uch Indians or their pn-decessors could corner on ureal Hritain any pdilical rights. tireat B.iisin l.-es n..l allege th assent of Mimin as the oriin ofdier claims on the Mos-iuilo euasi. Sb hi., -n th e.aaran, by repeated and acoessnveue.l.es.isii. uneed and relui.Uihsd all prs-musioiis 01 arrow n, and reeogulieil lb lull and sovoie gu right of Sin in lb most u:ie quinsral terms. Yl tin pretensions, . with it solid foundation in tint beginning, and thus r!eateaiy aijure.J.s at sreisnlriJ.ret.vr J by tireat llni.ia against th Central American Sales, th legiiimai sureesaurs to ait lb ancient jurisdirti.sa of Sstia ia that region. They were art appiM-a umy to a aennetl jsirt of tb uaat of Nica. 'uo. afterwards to th whole of iu At- lanli a.id lastly to a part of th roast of Carta K.oa ; aod ilwy ai bow reasserted ta tbia xtent, nolwilhstaieJior agagemeul W tb I' nited rkatea. Oa Hi eastern roast of Niearairu and Cota Rica, th interfereiii- isf tireat Brilaia, ttwacli exerted at at time ia tb form of Military orou- palioa of lh pt ul Saa Juaa dsl S-nm, laoa la Ihs peaceful .se ei of In api-ropriet author ities of th t'eatral Amrii-n Mate., now erw- ssslml by her a lb figbifut rssrss-sof a prut-Ms-ship over th Moeqa.t. trib d Indiana. 1 But tb a.taUi.huiei.1 si IU Bali, now reach ing far beyswiid iu treaty basil into (i Stat U lloi.dor.s, and that uf i Bay isUnd., apper taining of riftil le thesasn Slat, ar as disUactly eohsjil.l gxTsrusse.its a thos tsf Jamaiea or t'sesds. and thTfur. contrary to In very latter, aa wll eatL apiril uf th eostrnliua ilk II 4 t ti ited Stsns, a ii as at tb I ius uf rautratioa, aad auw K aaderstoVri) ' y this s?ernaM. Ta intarpretalnja sLhIi Ihs Biilwa stsrs ssssst tba tn as.snioa and act, persist ia aaasribing tu lb eontme, entirely dsaagM iu sharocier. Mbit it bolls as iu all usr sU'rv tbsaa, k la a great ssor rslvassj. Ii sssl Biiiaia friMa tie's., wh.cb esitstiiBtrd lb soeetdsirauosi f Ibis pe.svtia.ent f. sitrniig o.l tlx e"vet li'i. II I iapsMilJ, in asy ju'lirmssil, tna I aitssl Stales sn arqsnes. in socs a ssssstructsisi 4 Its rvsissetir rsUli. li uf tl Iwofoswasaeai s t ssitral Asssclca. Ta a raaad e.ll by thi r in went np Craat Bfits.n, to ak d by, aad carry into 8t. th stipvlsll.of lb csiavMitksl a'suidiiig W Ms bvbm maport, by anhdraa.i g fr as lb . esd ssiaatisHa tsf HsriSHa of lis t eniral Assetaess Histe sf II .ador, hHrarasaa, and l'.sta Iter, lb llnissb C'sevusseel ! si htogtb repbsst, aslriin( thai tins pvaika f ibalrsssty Is pcii""li ly, and dvd a ot reqnira Ureat Brtiaia so s I1 s. 'sV.si sstlrsst any pi.si'H bM by bar ia t ssiiral Aartrwa at tb data f it isielastsa. Tin reply wibsiiiia a fani.1 lassta, ta its piss af I gissHal s- psaul by Us I a.'4 Naissx. Ta U 11 msi gnmsssai suss was- tb nas a sf lb tljl.u uf (irsssi iW.la.a, real j 1 . ks I'ssiiral Aoaxbss, aed ai an thai mi m bad t a ngkt at tax asM 4 last trwsly, aad Ileal taSBf nhi ssprL4d tb o...tsbl II On '.lie 1 .1 1 If Treasurer, 1 It. 1'is.le. On the part .1 the .t -c.'. Win. Peace, J. II B-j in. freJ Jones and B, F. M- in. tlfferiuit and KctH--.. ai d Diwoiiot d iv li'e.1 .e. I., .'. """DomVstie Bdi.'aiil WMfi:Z d vrv1lay. ltusiuess hours from 10 till 2 : l. W. C I) B. Btuu Pill- .1 w. I" til. II, ex. end d Hon ll;"d I I ler : Wm. lb. .1. B. Ii. U 'oitoi lue- tratiauo oiw.ii.orio lite ni.icitu.iis otuoir.,,- 1 sol Iters iiji b r.i'd ihcir private I.m. fur . . i tuii 'ii ; and sl.ii nigh, iu 1.0 d i 1, the iiidiv .ii.al le:licu eX)..l.es hi. pio;,erty or person to some ' ui tii" luiia d of war, hi.u. ImI. not iuvol.eaui ! hri-ucii 1 f u.itioir.1 netiiriliiv, lior.ar thei.iselv. s ! iiiitiliuite tiie c;oci-i.u.ci.t. I hu-, .lu.'iiig the ;r-s of the pre.-ei.t war lit kar.ipe. our viu- riAiTJe TT-,' o;l:t 'il lit. C'tjtr har Italrtjh lira if It 0 the Hank of tli iliiain 11. Jooes, 1 ashler. K. P. Finch, Teller an I Notary Pul lie Uisri'toas. Ileo. W. li.ivw.-oil, I. II. St-lby, Seth J ones, t ieofe Little, ib. lies.. 'I.-;,-, and C. W. D. Iluubius. Uicriag 1 ly Mmdiy, Discount day Tuestloy RAIL ROADS. Haifiqh and tlaston iittittad i wmysisy. f.. A. t'rudup. President, j W. W. Vasa, Treasurer, , J. M. Pisd, Assistant Treasurer. C. B. Alien, iep.it Agent, Mail train leaves 10 unuutes after 7 A.M., amies at tl I. M. VW Curulimm liailromd Cesssiajr. Cha. F. Fisl.er, lreideut. C. V. Meudeuhalt, Treasurer. J. T. Wssa, Freight and Tn kei Agent. Mail tra a arrive 4 o'chn k. A. M., In.m the tmi Bud departs llm. after iu'vhs s, A. M. Mail from th Wst arrive at 3'i minutes af 1st 4 a'eluck, P. M, Departs at 0 minu'cs be- lot 6 o clock, I'. M, POST OFFICE. Williara Whit, Sr.. Poat Master. Otaoaauura, aa week day. Iruta Sun-rise k 9 P.M. ' TIIAVELLER S GUIDE. (ssaivtL ab nirstrta or nsiu ar 1 ilsiob NORTH F.KX MAIL (By RutaosB.) Tkroaith Mail Um daily at I) a. u Way Mail " at t p. Arrive daily at 6 p. m Th Car Uav th detsut at 6 a. ni 801TIIF.UN MAIL Br To-B..a. IIms, CloaM daily Arrive daily Ta Has sbbvm at Tip W KSTtRX MAIL (Br Rmaoaa,) Cloe daily at f . m Attlta doily at dlj p. Th Tra.a Uva at i p. 1 OOLDSBOKO'M AIL Br Rsiibosb.) 0.a daily, at 9 p. I Arriva daily at 5 a. I Ta Cart bsava daily at lOnt altar t a. 1 TAKBORU' M AIL T-uas II a. CVsssMsaday.Tissi. aad Tho, a 0 p- 1 Arriv Tasaatav, Itsra. aad Sal., at 7 p llarkssavsssM Si as. Hed and I ri , at I a. riTTMBORO)' MAIL Br Tasi-asa lltra Cbssaaisa Tasi lay aad Aatanlay, at 9 p. at Arnvsaaa Maaday and Thursday, a 7 . IJatk bsavs a tsoa. and 4. atonst 7 - a. as HpUndid Stotk ofOOwtta! 7 1 r mm rssatrlat lbs tsrssm sw ml 1 I smsI fWy aba f at J p. m at 6 p. n Our uiereliaiituicii have been, and stilt continue to tie, lurcly rioployed by liroat Britain and by j V ranee, 111 traunp .ruiig troops, pruviMoua, and 111111. in- in ol war to the principal seal of military .titration, and in bringing houie tbuirsiek and Bounded soldieis ; but such use of our men-anlile mar iie is not in s: dieted cither by the interna tional, or by our municipal law, and ilurvfot docs not c iinprouiil our i.cutraj relations wi.h Russia. But our municipal Uw, in arc danc with the las of ualions, peremptorily f .rbids notonW for e goers, but ..urown eiiisons, u fit out, within the hunt of th I' nited States, a vessel to com mit hostilities agiiost any State with which th I nited States are at peace, or to increase the fore of any f.reigu armed vessel iuts.idcd for such h.anlitie against a friendly Slute. Whatever con. ern u.ty have been felt by either ofth bellierant powers lest prii a' armed cruis ers, AY other vessels. In Mi it.cof oar, aught be Sited out In th port id this otssntry to dce red it on the property of theu'.l.ers.all such fears ba prot.l to be utierlv groundless. Our citi xeus list beeu wilhiisld from any such act or purpos by food fasti, sul by respect for to law. Whil th law of th tn sn are thus peremp torily in their pr diilnt on of th eifuipincnt of armament of Lelligrretit cruisers iu oar port, they provide not less absolutely that no rson shall, within th territory w jurisslirtiva uf th tailed States, aoliM or eu!r bim'lf, or retain BtMslbar person to Hlit ar nter himself, or to go beyond III lias. Is or jurtsdicl on of th tni Isd htat with iotenl to u enlisted or mtered. la tba asrvie of any rorviga Mala, citber a a dtr, ar a a atarina or seauaa oa Usard of I aaiiius ial esse hs sseisass la si-a, aasl Wf soiss Ut axjlH easvtwl.y tbsy s " ol s IBs mmm s ler.1 Wl H. WssWsl . Ilea. Ily. .. .a.TfiI. Ill xxira, tlT.aia aali.Bllui .a. -rW ks, Umtrf W t . I -;, I f tesjiss La 1I asr ssk ssvm. UW Cots 'Us, la. I'll litlsWIsw losiytSet . L. It As 1- tW 1 1 nM si I amsst mmwmm (rsss aUltu. vhlc'i, :i!tll. u'l. It doc 1 PiiTfeiT 'S'tafcs Tr 'mi bioTt' to co'irii'fA, an 1 nail nation l.e'w-f.ii that Ii j ..-in and theCnitc.J St.-ites, veh.O'.-l.y cither t-ai-l iiiioi, imei iii tv io, ii i.,ioi-.'c io.j caoii' ui 1 the expiration of .hum cat- from the date of notice , fir that purpose. T j I'Jie co-is. deration which h-d me to cull tly I attenti .u ol I' iirc-s 1 1 that coinen i'.n. mi l 10- dm c. the Sen. lie to a-1 tot the resolution reicirej to, slid rontiioir in foil I', r.e. Ti e couvcutlou c .nhi'its an art id crrTyengi'ge v,i- x thi inipo-iiion nf tdl. 011 tlie ie-eU aji l e ir- es of American parsing int . or l.-otn the Kiltie -0.1 during the en. linu incj of tho trc.itv, yet may. by possibility, la. c.nsituel a iiuplyiiis such suhmissioii. The exaction nf ihoe bdlr n d bo in jnstifi 'd bv any prim- ph. of in crii.iti,.i.r.l l-ia-, i; became the right and the duy of the I r.itel States to ulieve tl.e:ii-eli e. fr .in tlia iui plic.it tin id' eoff:i-inant on tiie Mil.ieet, so as to be iife-tiy f;cc to net in the preii.i-.es in such way as the public interests and 1 .n. r shall de-inauJ. boimed s t-aAM,,hv.f.,r tlie I. wis thereby inflict- e.1 mi c. luuns id ihu L nited ctaio. In conse uence ol a destructive hurricane which visited Ctilm in IKH, th supreme authority of that island issued a decree, rniitiiig the iui purtn'.ion, lor the periml of six months, of certain building materials and provision, free of duly, but revoked it when about balfth period only hail elapsed, tothehnjury ofcittxeiis ofthe t'nited States, who had proceeded to act on the faith of that deere. The Spanish government refused indemnification to the parties aggrieved until recently, when it was assented to, payment being pnuniseil to be iimdc so soon as theauiuuut due can bo nscert lined. Satif.uMion idaiiucsl fir the arrest and search nf the steamer KI Dorado has not yet been accor ded, but there is reason to believe that it will be, and that case, with others, continues to be urged on the attention of the Spanish government. I do nnt nhuudon the lion of concluding with Spain some general arraniremciit, which, if it do not wil dly prevent the recurrence nf difficulties in Cuba, will nendcr Cham less frequent, nnd whenever they shall occur facilitate their more lsedy settlement. sr. tiro. Th interposition of this government has been invoked by many of it citizens, on account of injurie done to their persons and proiexty. for wtitch t'ie Mexican republic is i-eipunstl.te. the unhappy situation ot that country, for some lime past, ha imt allowed its government to give due consideration to claims of private reparation, and lias appeared to call for and justify some forlspar anee insiichmaticrsonthepartofiiiisg vertiment. Bot, if the lerolutionary movements, which have lately occurred in that republic, end in the or- gantznfiun of stable rot eminent, urgent appeal to its justice will then be made, and, it may be hoped, with success, fur the rudres of all coin plaints of our etiiien. I'EVTUtl. SSI SU A. InreVaidto lbs American republic which. from tie-ir proximity and other considerations, ba.e 1.1 eiiii.tr relation to this government, whil- it ha been uiv constant aim strictly t observe a'ltho obligation of p.dili. aHriei.d-hip and of M"od 1-eiei.b -rli.s.il, obsiai Ius to tin hnve arisen i;i s. me , I't'.eiii, fiseo door own losoffi.-iet-t wer to c'.e- k la'vles. irrtii-tii.ns, n hi- Ii iu ctl'.-ct ti.r..as iin.,1 1, is s.l ;. I it inoe..-v., . n.o- ftie euriem expends of the government should remain f .r active employment in th hands of the peiq le. end the er.nspicuous fai't that the annual revenue from all sources exceeds, by many mil lions of dollars, tbenmouut needed for n pru 'ent and economic:. I administration of publio nf.' i..s, cannot full hi suggest the propriety of ah early revision and 1 eduction of the tnriif- of duties on iinnnrts. It is now. an generally conceded that the purpose of revenue alone enn justify the im position of du'ies on imports, that, in re adjusting the impost table and schedule which unques tionably rest ui re essential modifications, depart ure from the principle of the present tariff is anliejpatad. , aT, ". The army durintr th nast year haa been act ively engaged, in defending the Indian frontier, the stat of the servic permitting but few and small garrisons in our permanent fortification. Ths avdiiioonl regiment authorised at th last session of Congress have been recruited and or- ganiien, ana a large portion of th troops hav already been sent to th field. All the dutios which devolve on the military establishment have issen sail-luotoriiv partormed. and th dancers ana privations inciuent 10 in oliaraoter of tno service re 1 111 red of our tnwps have furnished ad- illiional evidence of their eournee, xeal nnd ca pacity tn mett any requisition which their coun try may make upon them. For the details nf th military operations, the distribution ofth troops anil additional provisions require. I tor the milita ry service. 1 reler to the report uf th Secretary of War nnd the accompany tog document. Experience, gathered from venU which hav trnuspiied since my last annoal mefsave, has but served to confirm the opinion then expressed of the propriety of making provision, by a retired list, tor uisal.lei! nnicers, and tor increased Com pensation to th officers retained on th list for active duty. All the reasons which existed, when these nioasures were rewjinmended on former occasion, continue without modification, except so far as rircuu.slnnce hav given to some of them additional force. 1'ii recommendations, heretofore mail fur a partial reorganiiatioa ol th army, ar also re newed. Tli thorough elementary education given to these officers, who commence their ser vice with the grade of cadet, qualities tlxm, to a considerable extent, to perform th duties of ova ry arm of th service ; but to gtv tb highest efficiency to artillery require tli practice and special study of many year j and it i nut there fore, Isslieved to b advisable to maintain, in time nf peace, a larger foroe nf that arm that an b usually en.ph.ved in th duliea appertaining' to the servic of field and siege artillery.' 1 be duties of tli staff 10 all it variou branches belong to th movements ol troops, aod th effi ciency of an army in tli field would materially depend U on th ability with which tba duties arc di charged. Ii is not a in th oas of tb ar illery, a spe iality, bat ruuire also, an intisaxaa kMwldr of ill du'ie of an officer of . into 1. ,,,,., 1 ciuimoii of tee e, anu 11 la not itout.teil mat, to cmplel .Stole of Nie.1r.1gua has made it incumbent on me th education of an officer for either th tin or t-. appeal in tin g . I laithof our eiti'en. tual.slain j general sta If, it is desirable that h ahall from 11. 1 1 iv. ful iiitertciitii.u in its nlf iirs. and to i h'te served in bol l With this view, it was ree- 1 -o.t prc.eiuive measures .to the same end. i "inniniUd im a former occasion that th duties of which on a m nil. 11 .cci-imi, bad th be.: result. ' an should be mainly perfotmed by details in re-a.,0 ii.-i the ie-i.-c of ihe Mexicmi Stales of! ff"1" lh lino; and with conviction of tb advaa- I remain of tba opinion thai the tnili-d Suite might not to sul. mi' to tli psiment of th sound due, not so much because uf their amount. which is a secondary malls.', but becuu-e it is in cfle 1, the rcogniii.in of the rihi of lienwark to tiaol one of lh great maritime highway of na tions as a cb.se, ssa, and the navigation of il a a pririlcge for which tribute M ay be inissM;d apon thus who ba oceasio.i louse it. Thi government, a a former urease a d ne lik lb present, signalise) it determination b. maintain tiie freedom ut lie? set, and the great natural channels of naiigatiou-. I'll Barbery Slates bad for bmg time, enen e-1 lb paitueut uf trilat fnua ll nauon., whoishi;isfre.tueiit- lln Medit raiwun. To the Is-t ih-ruand of sji h payment by lhc.11, th I nile I States, al though suffering le by their depredations than amy ct! r nstunis, retnrnrd Ui explicit aiwwor tliat w prefer, ed wur to trll.ute, and I has opened tb way I . tli relief of lh e mi mere of the w- rld ri.ra an ignmainiiai tax, su hssg suImb it ted to by to m oat p .wrful dsIkhis i4 Kun,. It lb bib 11 ear uf iiavwenl of th S..nd dues differ from that of tii triha (rmerly csssnejeil .. the Karbary Sis'o-, still tlieir esacuon by a un l I. .a er Culiforuia ist it us. Since the l.i.t scsi.ll ufConfressa treaty of .amity, o.. 11. mere and navigation, and fr th I sun siuler ot liigitive eriiiiiusU, with the kiugiban of the Two Siciiie , a treaty of fricinlsl. if, coni juicrcand navigation with Ni.tnragua; nnd a eo:ivi ntioii i.f couiiuercinl lecipna-itv with the i Hawaiian killed . m, have been In goliatrd. The i l itter k.l.jfd ui and tiie Slate of Nicaragua lil I also accedinl to a deolaratna., recognising as . intcruatHHial rights th principle contained in i the com eutii.n la-ta-is-n the I ni.ed State, and llu.ia of the 'Sli i Juh, lrt'i-1. The- treaties and out eiitiuu will be laid befoi th St nal ior ntiification. any vsl-. wsr, tetiar ( sssr-ju, ur prtvaieer. 1 ,.mark ha le. b.-1'er Cundaii-aa in right- Ana mess w.awiwn mrw mwm in mrsi-s ssbiiotsN' I ily with lhlw of not. ass, whioh devlar; that osi stals has tn right to rai tri.ips tor land or se servio in sauliMSV stats without iu cnaseal, ad that wbsibsr forbiddea by th amai. il law or aot, tb vary attempt to do h. wilh,.l sack auassnt, I ta attack oa th aational auvar- ignty. Husk being tb pal.lis right tnd tb munici pal Isa of lb I uilrj States, no s..lh ilu.U . tb subjert wss catrtained by thi government, a hen a year sine, tb BriiUh Parliament taassad aa act la pn.vid I lb nltsissent of furKiir ia th aiilitsry sstrtUauf tireat Britain .Sy la in oa tb isc f lb act.or ia it puUi bi.iory. indicatssl that Ut Bnush Ibtemsaant prpswsd to allenst tss-iullsavl.t In lb l nilaj Sum; Bur did it tta gir ibliasalsoB of u.-h isilanliua ta this nrwasent, Il ws ssaiuv af aarisrsse, ibsrvlor. w Lad, rul-equei.tlt, thai th augag Bsent of perstss wilhia Um I sued Si ale t. pro ceed in llslif.t, ia th Hritish PriHiiiieoisf ua -utia. and tUr enlist la ta rvi uf tireat Bmaiu, wo going ua ileo.ivlr, with lull ur a disgaiaa, tMd.ua 7 legal step war iasas- Ka.-li was, ia its or uis, mrfhine Isat a tai oa a e-ai n natural nglit, nlorled by th. who wet at tliat livn aide to i.Uirutt lbs frr and secure si joymtntuf it, but lib no I a.gr ft seas that p.wsr. t Itenmatk, while rWstinf imr aweetiua of list fraeduta th" Baltic SoU'.d aod Urlti. bos in JicanJ a reosliiM to msks iur new atrang asent oa th suttjet, and bos iuiiied lb ti v tnavent mteiasis-1 invluding lb I nitd States, to bv r; ntd iu a eon .ii-i to 'assembbi f.srtli puriejBSof rs.'eiiing as.d aonsi-leriag a propisiiior., which si '.i.tesds tusalonit, f -r th sp U.ita iua saf lb f.uud du., and lbs) Ji.ire bull. Ol ui tb Mas to ba lst, a MHsna'ati' aasiHii tn govomwent., autsirdingtu lit rasucse 11 s proportiusvs uf their naarttim .eatssss a to sod Iroa th lUlrla. I bars aeelinai ia Ubsll .4 th failed Su la to ataais! ibia ns italic lor tb ssost wal ris. Ontsitha IswBsark due not uder to sainail a to rtii ! tb qu4Mtiia uf br rlrbt to bny lb K-soad dies. A sswund U, thai if th eiilt.sn ar albiwed . lak anguiaaaca ssf tost awtewlv aae-tosa. sllll it would not bawpsiat to dsul auk lbs diatelv takea In arrvst and nubuh r-snisw sans. . i. : t ..... i .... j. 1 .ill .- twrasr.), and o pal a 4 tw acts lufiinxiag lb (wU lu4 ! MUv .a-c. ,sf aaaigau. and ssualcil law and devogat-sry to owr suaereigwir. j Ba,rti lisel ass. as wli a. that sd mm a. ekil haM rsiuti. r. ... tb .ui, , IM uitw. At. cis ell. by ta . MM .4 Jeet wv addrenrj 1. lb Betl.k . oeraateaL j acuusilbsa Us 11 aeaspl.ted mat th Tkear. It bsVam kaowa. by lle adwi-ssoa .Ursai. .4 lb Mad doss shall a nssu 'd f lb Km: Is IsesrssMsi itself, ll.st th atesst with, a4 atdssibirlia. In, a atatuse aa-d'y W draw reevB.i. fr.ow tui airy ovigve!s ,Urlm tb UI.sk. U i sso,.M. g. anh it.' at las't b I Its (u.ovaJ aad sseet.os.. I tt ,4 i;,,,.., Tli stnten.rnt nnd, in my 11 aunual mes sage, respecting the suticip.lsl ret-vipt and eipcn.litu.-s. of ilex Treasury, ba beeu saUsloa tially icrit.o I. j It appears. fr.an the repirt uf tb Secret ry ,4 ot th 1 reasuri , that the receipts dating t'w last fi.cal year ending duo ill, KU, f.-om all oun-, wer .xty -Ki uii'li-.n fhn tn oissiid nine hun dred sud thirty dollars; and that the public Xieudilure for ihs stme isrl.sl, exclw.ua iT payment on see oiut of thenuhli debt ainoutitnl to Mliv six minion three hundrsd and sixty-fit thousand three buud.s-l slid uiiivtv-lhree dollar. Dur.ug th sa.u period, th payments mail ia rclcu. pitoii of tb public .h M, luclud. nr. interest and premium, aoonutt'ed bi ai million ighl hand red and tony Wmr thotsssuJ lit buiidn-d and tuenly eiiit dollars. . The balance ia lb Treasury at lh Istginnlng of th prtMnt fiscal year. July I, lj.1, was eighteen m.lli"B l.ioe hundred and thirty on Ihonsand ulna hundred and seventy six dollars ; tb taceitHB f.r th first quarter,end lis est im sled receipt f ,r tb remaining- ito-s qusrla.ts,ausut t g'-tl.er, lo sitty seven million n.U' hundred ami etg'.tren llsas.ud seven buudred and thirty Umt dollars; tbn affording, in all.aa tb atailsbl feMiurce. id ties carreal i.el vesr, tb l..u of riglity six million right handrr l and fitly six th.Htsand astea bundrej aud ten dollars. 11, th aoaual eteu.nure isf lb fi r-t quar ter of tb ramsl fiscal 1r, 1st a..el lb prob abl xpiidilurws far tb iavint..g thre iuar lev, a. eeliinaled by tbS riry ul tb Trwssury, th sum Mat will lei ee.en'v ia. bs.IIumi two hundred sod Iwetitv-s. x ll.oBssi.d rigbi bandied and f.olv-sii d-dtars. lb- -l.t bstiing an e-l.iua- ted balanee ia ties tleost, 5 tot July I. I fin, of lfia albsa ail ayad-ed and iwmaty-lki IMsaaaad -gbt bui.d'ird aad i'y-tbn) sb-llar Bd bsrtyina ssh.Is. I ties abo-a e.iat4 expewditarasi ml lb piessml i-t-.i yaor ar wsduitrd tbrest null dollars losses I llel iaast 1 aimer ed tba tea snilisais praiidasl for in tb but tresis aiib NetHsi, and ta asillsoa saiaq haa4r4 aad fifty Ibses-aiol d-dlare ase.sr ed sen aerawnt sf tb doisj .Iu t Tstoe, wbwb taw bbsbs sswk sa sxirs-jf.i sa.M.. ,4 ten mtlboa eeseu bua-dn-d and fifty tloitMasd d-.ili and rl.er ib exns. -li.atas, a.-tw U er vl sssted. f ovbesry OH-. ls .4 1 Its tear, te lb as of sstly w.,1 blues which would result from such a chsnes. it tx again presented for Ui ooosidersUou uf toe grass. ,. syr. The rept.rt ofth Secretary f the Navy, here with S'lbmitted, exhil.in in full Ihe naval opera tions m in fst-t year, togctiier wnn tn prent condition t tlie serynst, and it makes stiggea timis uf further legidatiun, to which your alien- lion I. invilfsi. Th eon.trurtHm ofth six iteun frigates, fur allien appropriation were made by the lost Cisigress, iias peiveeded in the snut satisfactory manner, and with saeh esfiedition, as to warraut llilelief tliat Ihey will be ready for servic ear ly in lb cj ming spring, lu.ponaiit as thi ad iliti..n t . sur mils, fm.v is, it still remains ilia.l eqiiji tilth ciMitingent.rxiget 1 ies of th pro e.ti.m fifth exirnsive se eiust sud aa) con-BH-reial interests of the Coiled State. In view of bis f ict. and of tl e ack. uwledged wisiliau of ti e policy uf a gradual and vs-ssnslic inetva isf II. Bavy; an s p-i.pr si a Is ne.n men led f r th Consirurtsa. utsti steam sb -pa of war. In regard to lb .ei taken in exe.-qtb-a o? tb et is C on ere- to pronvt the elh-ieney id" tli navy, it is anneeesaary for oie to s.y i.i.s than to exprvss irir ot i.currence in the olrr-vat-ons im that subject presented by lb Secreta ry in hi report. rv t on n t. ' ' It will b (ssrissiiril, by th rirt of lb Pnst Master t'eresral, that lh grists xprtidilun of the Urparluor.it f.sr th 11 fi-cal year was i.in fcillbss ain hundred and sixty eight th o. sand thre hundred and f'"ty two d- liars, and tb gTisv rsiits .tn tuilli-sx thre bundrsd and bsrty Ism thotiaaud on haadrrd and thirty six dollar., sBakingaa csmi uf xpsaiilitufsM ever rcei .t ol two aiillioa six hundred aad twenty six thousand lw bnndred nd six d .liars ; and Ibat lit f ns !". tutbwi during that year a a sit bi.ndred and seirnty four Ih.Niaand aiae hundred and fifty twod dlar greater than lb previous tear. Much of th heavy expendi ture.. In a hi. a iIk Treasury is tho suhisa ted, is te l-s B-x'nti! to tl. htrjr. qaantity of ptioled matter csatiejej by IM Mails, (liber frsi.kr-l. ar lioide !! aa -t;s by Uw, Iu very low rates ufpola,' .Hu'sars I with that chare 1 .01 tetters; and bi lit gretl .! isf mail srrvie mm raili.ols aad saaa f smers. Tb so 5-tioos of lb Po.1-aiastw-1 terra! on tie) subject dasarv lb c so ssdsratiou uf Cuagfas, 11 aa loa, T reenrt ofth Sscretary tsf th Interl. r will .gag y r alteutMn, as Wrll a f asel.il ug gessmns tl sssntaina, f.sftl.s inlet est sod iop r laiere id ties ub,K'l to whk h they refer, Tba Si'sTrsi assoool pul.lbf I n I s-.ld the fact that the main rout between Indepen dent e, in th Stnt tof Missouri, and New liexi en, i contiguous to this line, suggest th proba- biliiy tliat embarrassing question ol Jurisdiction may consequently arise. For thee and other con.ideratintis, I eomiucnd the subject to yonr early attention. COKSTITl'TIOMAL TIIKORV Or TUI OOVIRXXINt. I have thus passed in review the general tat" of th tninn, ioelnding such particulur"eoncerns of the federal government, whether of doniestw or foreign relation, ss it appeared to me desirable and useful to bring to the special notice of Con gress, tnlike the treat state nf Furore and Asia, and many of thos of America, the Uni ted State are wasting their strength neither in foreign vrtir nor "loinestie strife. Whatever of discontent or publio dissatisfaction exists, i ats trihutahli) to tiie imperfections of human nature, -or is incident to all govi'rnmrnts,liowver.prrfeet, which human- wisdom etn devise. Such subject of political agitation, as occupy th public mind, consist, to a great extent, of exaggeration of inev itable evils, or over teal In social improvement, or mere imagination nf grievance, having but re mjtc eonnexioneB'ith any nf the constitutional function or duties of th federal governments To whatever extent these questions exhibit a ten- i dency menacing to the stability of the constitu tion, or the integrity of the tuton.and no farther, ' they demand the consideration of the Executive, and require to be presented by him to Congress. Before tb TJiirteen Colonies became a confed eration of independent States, they wer associa ted only by community of trans-atlantic origin, by geographical position, and by the mutual ti of common dependence on tireat Britiun. When 'hat tie was sundered, they severally aasuoted lb ?owere and right uf absolute ell-government, 'he municipal aad social institution of each, it law of property and of personal relation, evsu it political oreaniiatiun. were such only aa et 'h one chM to establish, wholly without interfer ence fr.uu any other. In the language of tb De- ' claration of Independetice, each Statu bad " fall power to levy war, oonclad peace, onntraci alli ances, establish commerce, and to do all other acta and things which independent State may o right do." Th several colonies differed ia climate, in mil, in natural productions, in relig ion, in systems of education, in legislation, and in th form of political administration; aod tliey continued to differ In the respect when they voluntarily allied themselves together a SUM to carry ou the war of th revolution. Ihs ol.jeot or tliat war was to disenthral lh Unit d Colonies from foreign rule, which had proved to be oppressive, and to tfeparat them permanently from tii mother country; th polit ical result was tb foundation of a federal Re public of tli free a hit men uf th euluniet, con stituted a tbey were, in distinct, and reciprocal ly independent State gov em menu. A fur the . subject race, whether Indian or African, th wis and brat slate, men of iliat day, btit.g en gaged in no extravagant scheme of social ebang, lett them as they wsrs, and thus presorted themselves and tlialr puttrrity front the anarchy, and th cvtr-recurtlng rivil wars, which Lai prevailed in other retoluliouiicd Kumteaa clo nics of America, When the confederated State found it c 't.ve- - -r.ient to (bislify tbt . ounditiuti uf lheir assocov itiwnby giving to the gcaeral gutcrunictit diroul access, m om respects, to tb paojil ul tn States, instead of eon tilling it to action on Ilia State as such, tbey proceeded to fram th ex isting constitution, adhering steadily to on gui ding thought, which was, lu delrgate only such dun( ties fi.sl ysir. bwa'tl with military , t.Vs 1 si a- ar r-aa I rnds bat il ae. appeared Ibat lb pal.iwj s reels m (srl ia H bod "ssrtKssrat tnsieaeibsk" ass! w Iwbua lis Bsunieipal law tsf tb tailed Slates. It is d'Atal) tw uBders'a.-J ht It skotiU bar Vt hiks, Bsrwsvarr, ijstiat 1 1, is prpa I 'not. and InsMstm ea lb riif.il uf ftea traii.tl b.m and Irssa llev Mali I baas niensl to lisatnark a Willingnasst, mb ties ps't . f bel I aitd Isai, I. ba app.Md thai tnvp ass Id aa raiavd acre ' share bbseally wila ibtr (b.e. ta ys-mi snas by Ureal Britain, w 11 boast tadatssa sf lb avtv tiaf her f-r s.y adiantsgsa whssa imia-is bmII law. Tb aauawUkabl at.as) M ia satill be. r dent iroa isl iss sss-U by Uw aw la amrsst ! aissb s. t, abiuk Bf m. b tor lbs ha ,ievrassit on) safety tsf U- Bs.t- t- fisti arast b iil.v la ttetwhsa af tb taw, sw us sladiad vaseea tsf la 1 aad, ia sstbev alts, j aaiiva, tn set as wuaid be sl.ks Ujamass la tb si enaty T H I ones) rbalsa. la lb sse..Mea. tb ssstssv arqaired ad.lt. b aj m.ptspsiss, by lb rws. aiUasauj ia list ls4W4 nr laal a arrant. aa4le ll his -mpls'ilsbr Sita iaiaeuiy- b' sM.ltHat I I t.Be-iiel and fifty-ssvven Ihs sand bsir bua-lral and Me si-rs ; of hob lb ps)iioiasld ifteaii mills seaaat kntrd and los.itt-t.iM lh wsil-d fit. in kdr I aod twsvs f Mr acre-, yia'di.-t m riSs .1. si.bs of li'i bi lie- heir baa lre-1 aad fb't tlsoaaand L.r kuBiiad ul-maii. ii ihoasand abdlara. r.ee basetred exd ssjtty d-iUr. . Ikesasss pe lbs. ui it .4 lb polo (del, at tb. ews.jn.4tf I nasi. 1-lU sailbesi ...est banarsj sv.d aeM.eesoewt .af b swil k-eai s. was f I laewty rl rsss tb awsset e l. l i-tied and fiby auli4i fit bai'dial aw-t nt.ifibepa tkwwaad , f mr acres hm los-s .an. ted t Uit, ia .iasidr .11 ban Ire I ...d U.inv. . .b.lisr., ..d Jedse-IM-a j sii-n . I .f ,el-1 a ily sal jess) tosatty, s.. a, ss.-f sale-vtiseal pavBsewi. ti b"t s l-liU sal nasal- ba bssra b-Mtjatt if U mmt otdlisi.a tsf tba 'r Isral awerasiaisl resstaai.g k. at Ibistisn ta bra tbaa f ty anllua d-tbtea, j Th f-ssatisr ret.ls-a ef tl- see-arsd eiera T a reusMsHl tsf rev.!, .rfber gsrsnneul I mumt t tb n.irM i4 C Iambi readers H aa shwkaetas tesiusg a. I. bt ad ed aset f any litre ! or taswsssiid y.-uf . ly H sa'r.L tii.asBil sVdtase. lefenvd as b. a. tas aewx abt mm m bsiere. awa iii.r'e u .ss.sda,i. U ts,s lass Misl. 1 Best ., sal' I I tl r-rs I t. lre atn le U la ssl as ul M slil' "" ases wrwm. - 1 I sa M.( M-SH.M tMI ss a a .! B 1 ' - . .. . 1 . . ua . L.Mtai.1 ,r sts.ej. - - ----- gt. of ib Ns.i.4 -r Wel.s. s''SfMsiMfai ss., .r. f a. lu.l. l.y asa ta 11. r- . - t - mmLm. Isntsd lhr oa od g' - 1 lay bafor berrt ib. .oavlry d-w.asee.ls , m-mi l-a-s- s4 1 1- raw-w ae a-adaW 1 Bwd.ly tb It -4 H I rTLa.a . Wft la t-a a. eat H.;Mi..t. e. ...Hi.; .....1. a.-, 14- ed. N.s.. ..,d.e- It.. tre.aw.ts f rr- bsJU- ...1 J lies-im. I. ".t CT,. I It di wt-ewi. its-il l e saii-raeaty strana- t 1 -Ii sg-ai-. f.se.si a 1. II iwea w. e "t . . r- - - i .sisianrt . rrnl r " 1 seal U s. 1 ssk.iK I al ra Ball j la b-uess-l Ihil it bsa-k. swd laassss abl, . ibe ac e " "at . , , , , ,.( , , p U t-s t.MJ 1 aUBnUoB W tie ale)at, aisii l aissid.uv. tsf irfuisl m tl rs-, il.atas.t J sMtS.' ra arAs, 1 ii s.s - .j...l. Ut iv.n-, ! s . power a was necessary and pror to th stecu tioa of specific purpesior, In other words, ta retain as much as pcsible,eonsisl(iity witu iuia purjaiMs, of tb independent power uf th indi vidual Sute. For objects ot roainioa defence and security, tbey intrusted lo tb general gov- 1 eminent certain carrfully-dfiud function, leav ing all other as tin undelegated tight ofth tcpatate iiidejudnt oyiigntic. Such i tbceonstilutional theory nf our (ovem nient, th practical obryne of which lis ear rid us, and us alon, among modern republic, through nearly line generations of time without the cost of one drop of blood shed in civil war. Vi ith freed um and cob cert uf action. It has ena ble. I a lo contend successfully on the battle fi tl, against foreign tare, ha cbnated th frehl o! ni Into powerful Stales, and ba raised our in do'tnal production, and our ctxnmsrv wl.b h trai'sporte-ll.rm, loth leislof tbsri. best snd il greatest nation af Fun-p. Aad tha s.in.irsl.l a.laiaaiiun of our political in.tuutiotis to their obtecls, combining h.-al telf got enia.eut l h I sgitreg it strength has established tb prss-li- eabilny of a gi.vemmenl bt ours to eovr a eon ttiosnt with confederate "tales, Th 'in.gr of th tailed Stales la. In eff.-.tt, that Con greas sf .crvteigntiea, w b h h j i.s, aten ia lli hd world hav sought iur. Vol - sl.l nv tr aliaia, and wbich imparts to Amsriiw an n rmi.ti. from tb wars, th aiolual im.-k.i.s and yagu aspiratiims after th Isslan of p. B.vt wfas-b ronvale fnoa liui tn liiaa tli gotert. sneutt uf turop. ttur eu-upw alii act ioa ttsl ia Hi conditions of peraisnrnt emnfsxlersl n pre srriliad by tli ..B.titutiun, Our bal.ninf ..wsr is In tb rHirai resevifs rixhi.ol l!i Suites, and their qaal tepiewntai ioa iti II . te at. That indeyeodcnl sotsreijuty in s-y ol th Stale, w lib its resenrd t.gbU of local self gov cratuetit assured lo aacb by lli -ir -quel power ia tb rsruair, was lb uiadsaseaiul indite, tsf tb CO1..UIH1.00. H I'li'SIt II t!i I ue. a wmild never bat vnsled. However ue ir.ejs lb targ Sisles aiiibt b to re . i.'...s tb go ert.met. I su as log. to tbeir I'li-uuti'-n it. propurt.uttai we gl.t iuth eosune u e .ti-sl-. llo-y knew II waa mq-soiiLls, unlns it ey e a dedw. ib smaller oies sutlmri y so stri i-s at hsael begaliv iofiorsie ea all lb sowste) f th guysnii. a .1, ah tbey kgib.tii orrtsnitii, thnaigh tbeir stual rrptescbthtHia in ibv f n-.-v. ladred, lb btrgrr tsotie tiersaMlt is-uld re. I h fsstrd la psirwiy. that tb aanre f .set w is equally lessestry la tie-at, U trruri j 1 ttietruan a.-mestu-ia'str.1 sx "'I lb '-"'" bsrr isf Ib general r-MrtiBt. laod. I original ftlaua a rot lulu lbs f-eva.aiertit lesu ua ib screed pretnies., isf tserimg tltsif bkss sirwitb f M dsJsstew tef I wlw , an J uf all its pane; bat of aiterty xludoig all rsp bdi.y f reprssJ sry-" Kk ulrtM"l7 Iratod M.SMI JI lb wll.s., aetlbs ! Bn or . Uks, B'r isrrm't. any snrr.- t,ot,t apon, or in ter soedd ling ana, aa.sil.ar' rts-risd nsiMs. tkkaeaks waa tbsraeM lesd-1 . 1 s leussr r-gtai tsftbssraaai w J tpaly gut a-nwd by ib asstitaujai bl. all b.ing bs.utst, tbfs lixbu wat last.led ly H liwitsisa.f tb aawar graatsd, ai d bt isr-eriii.as f li power But greul. Iaibea aipa.'tuf nosa. Tba. tb tteal awwer of taat-a was litaifa-d ta parauat . f aiBBua dsfeite aad csaexal e'lara. asladiag iet.earl pstrtaiii'( N in t.al lg.s. bvioa td t assaral ttiao-, a .d .a -sb ps"!"" tsf gsaeral wallasa sad dese- wt at i..ra. sb-asred Of sisesils ..". ' Msg at.ltsw teily of s.tssslefs1 IB ft . as
