f iiHiHIS i. M.M.IY,
tr fif
il.TMixS-'..--'.:
, f,Mr4( aaaaattM faaMlaaea
ts?-rr Afttan?,iN6.
Saeaaa.-a-'aaa motI laSle aaa
1m
aw a tM tfii m
a .
. na
l t.jW aa4 a MMM
" aa
7
at taw ,
Swart a be aaas-aaai.
-.vKir xrffCvc Men
si;.mmi:u a)ons
T r9TUI3S, nrrrUmnt Tallor
rfMMifi Ht two Awn aewda f N. V.
-h .. - WiL fifeflrtfc .
. f t l'Ctc aatoat kwM a a.
.ana, te Mkniarflki mMMhmmHt.
aaa aa feat K hi 1 1 tataa .a Vara, by thai
a eVaaBVaVaXi Bakfl bbAJ -a
W aaaartjaaF WaaF "rBaa"aT" tMBBa aBJ"IWP
MaUBaMaaaai at-t flkauaaaaaai
jaaw"a-i oraaa-waap
M M a aB'iMttitj aaa
4m I
aa laawj
CLOTWS.
Anaaaa. C
It lta a" tat It ater
w utt taJBaal t'tttaatnat ef rarry varirly.
u a ' 4 aa
4 Uk Htt
Waa
f at, fcw t.taa, LifM ttlkt, Wait. at
I MHl aa M ar
let Ka-
aatat'a fcaat talk aa4 Cmm
aa4 lraaaa H4w ImHimJ rHT hilk
a4 a tjraaatai M M Ha 4.laet
IM mI .mm a Caaalai ia Haa ftmlmtii Haataiar
a at-M Ctlaar, II ii wi ea4 aaaaaaWt
T at tar-ifcae at aiaa.raly ikaaaM hir Mm kul
a4 tawat Ht bo aa kaa aaa tetuiaad
t im , f4 Im. tatf IM kmiMi tl
Wa i i i Ma) Hurt, thai ka
at ar . rawl mI mimi la
mnf a i Am an m4 imama,
H-yia4ia a)W aariirtarii4 bt iilu.
mm, t an 4 . aa)4 b kwnra f m
a ii I ! obaab aj-l 4aa baw (a aar lor
aMaaxaam araa aba aab a fcMk aaatica a ad
- kaMMaaaa aaMbuvaka aVaai ill J,, I at
f waiaaj aaaaajjpj bb ipBWIfW
baa bannta m) yailaajara luaar btaj aiUl a
b aa tbaaa baaarM, a bat tMlajMiia baa
" ! baa ariaaa, aa4 ba baiama aa aaaar.lt
aMaj aaana ba aaf bat barb bia baaala ami b
r- mM ba aaab aa aa ilaaaa tfaa aaaat haialinara.
Tba aabiaanban alaa aWata at 7M la ilot
a ataaa aw (,aa. tf aal4 atoal ra-
aavaM a aw aaaalaa aa aaaal laalanaaa.
aaa1 Baal aba -awaja allanaa). baa, aa ntaaaat la a gou4
...., a iaai4- lla bajaia rba aatt lar a artiUmat I
ba tnaml, I r ba iabaa, aa araVr la na tall
a baa araaiarljr I k
T nxTKKSv
fa al ftariaa, faablaaa Mat mrin4
laWb, tar II, I Hi U fca
J "It! H1eJ ! 7tlti4rs.
I a. Kan AaMaaaaa aaatba Bjrrap for
a.-a awriiMa.
..r-r. b lar. r..aaa, luO Cbaiaaai al.
Ami far aala a .
H. U TITII'S
-alab. Maaaai IV IbW. 1
Qy Ofier ftr Orltm diror. J)
iHvruai t AKr biixwrr.iui totiieuis
t r.r.u
rva)V Cnmmll Pills.
IbMaaua kUaaaa a br amm aaaghialK
anwaal MaaVt, aaaiaaiaa aa4 rla uaaaaaa, a
aaM at aaaaaaa, wwm al Iba ataaaaab, ml4'f,
at I. aaa aaaw aa aba ab.aatMa ajraiutona,
liagaaa a bra aba mm 4 butaari irraabla, aaanaaaV
0. abaagbilal. lailaaibaly aaa) aVJrataal. II aa
.a.mS laaaaa. aaaaaaaaiiaa. l'aiaaaatf aigbl, atalb-'
aai m4 alt aba aaraaaa aaWteax, Ikraa f ilia a til
MIh (a) tMwt yVVMnWRf WaT
bt la (, IWI Chalaaaa at. Na
Varb, a4 Ur aaaa aa ta aa at
X. U tTITH'S
Aaatbatart Btnrr.
Oaajb, Marab , Mil. , IS ll,
TO tiik puoua
TVa aabaaTMVa bataff eaaaamt M band, !a
tatab urf aj KtckaMand. a larfo ami well a.
Ire a aaarla lb rty ia aaaxbar) uf lb a.
r bM HAKO roKTCS Maadt tk bsaialrjr,
aH baiaf tlaax la aU tbraa apoa tha moat
ItWral kfaj bbat MatU BaaaiMy be aaked bf an)
aaa, a lb mvml aaoickMia, b brg la
acjrrat la tbuaa aa af piaaea tba imporlaae
4 giriaf btaa al Waal a trial, befora purehaaiaf
ilatiiit, aaacv Ibarra ia aa poaaibililjr af their
InaMtf aaj atrt probabilit that thejr would
b (mil lb (anaeni ia bet. it wuM ba but
a ariiaaalf taf paitr parcbaae, for t ihort
i.at. W aajr irjatwiabaait abatavar, atil Ihey
'U bar aa afaortaaiir of teaUnf Iba oualily
4 tbaaa af aniaa, alt'icb bra aaaurpaaaed, if a
tiaa) ia ( taa4 t Aaaerica. I bara told
aaHjr ibma WaWa taf taeaa PUnoa ia km
Jar. wabaal ar lliaf a bad aaa,' aa4 I bald my
aaf baa ad la Uba baak or rscbanga any intlrtl.
await abtth, farrcKaaoa, mtjfltt prava defeetira.
Ilila, at I aa aver liaac, lha opinloa, that
tka aalt al tinfla had Fiaae weulj accaahm
antb e -hat af a aaaVlaaaaj-aa eaa)4 -mat ba tfter
varUa rrpairad by tha atla taf a hundred oodJ
aatt, w mj w aa-atpawea tnw tnan aa nar
axuiat at la what tart a iaatnuacata I aand afl.
15. r. NASH, rr
, Prrtraburjf, Vt.
Cy My Piaana arla b feand ia rral variety
i J. W. KAMHJLFM k COS, ia ItichmoiMl
Aug it b. r.s.'
A rrvatt in the harem.--"The evening
rcpaal w rterl!r taken iu lha harem,: The
tree aerve their eiVi (muter) with t refine
ment of earea end attentiona, which would
He eootitiered baa and eervile In ihe Wett,
they are m contrary to our mannert. The
Urianult, who eat with their fingera, alwiyt
waah their handa before and after the meal,
among lite rich, three alarea bring the water
baaiR ani tawela. It ia the wivea who per-
farm tliit duty in tha harem; one of them
arrrraa Brat with a netUT emuiniUcreu nap
kin, which ah holda cloaely folded in her
hande, and then, bending OoWn wi h her
knee on the ground, ahe throwa it unfolded
on the kneea of the master. Another car-
riea the water, baain and a aae to receive Hie
water; kneel befora him, holdirjg the baain
within hi reach, and pour the Walesa drop
at a lime on hi handa. A tliird afterWarda
l reaeAU him with a napkin to dry himaelf.
nil.rxweamca aprinklee roaewater' op, hi
ueurj .. i he maater aita alone, or with one
or two of hi wivea whom he choose to in
vite; whilst ihe othera uta their beet enJea-
nr to divert and ainuga him. bv ainrina' or
.. i. . . a i
ng vn abulia luauniucnia. ,j lie piiuaur
maik Udtua of a certaiu rank diadaia to Uaiiee,
nd le ve Uiat exercise, which lliey cmii!er
ignoble, to the almras, who make a Uadu of
m aae aaa a iiMaap
artaaVa
- ' J Nokth Caiolixa- P -
r.i. TTTiri 1
. .
- J
Llting uni Omamenlml Ftnctt.kX. a
rerVmerting of the Botanical Society of
M I. Mr. U. wouper gaveaa acroaotor
a new living fence, farmed by planting
yaag tree in a alaminr; poaition, every j
tree leaning the uppoaite way, that they
will croti raeh other, and then at the parla ,
whkb cama hi contact, take of from each! The whole a mount of Mitiuari had con
a piece of bark and tie cloae together, cov- aumed ia the g'ai factories of thiscoan-
arinzinapait -iij. a ma grant cacn
tree into it neighbor, and forms in a few
years a livinr fence, with diamond-thaped
apeniags. I ne plan is an excellent one
for ornamental fences. r,.
NEW MODB Or GRAFTING.
Mr. Downing of New berg, has lately
Draeticed with lucceia. a new mode of graft
ing, the object being to test the quality' of
Irnit raiaed from aeeds in a shorter period ,
than would be poisible by permiltingsuch
seedlings to stand until their time. of besr-
ihg,
Ihe mrthml is, to put the Ion of a tlioot
from a seedlinz tree, or a new variety.
when it i deairabte to produce a specimen
of the fruit immediately, uprtn the tdpofa
inriny anoot 01 a niiuuiingagea anu oesrmg
tree: the process being simply to take
thrilty shoots abi.ut a quarter of an inch in
diameter, and cut them in a slanting man
ner clear through, so as lo detach about four
inches of the top from the rest, making the
line uf Ihe angle about an inch the stock
being cat in the same manner. The back
are then to be carefully united, and bound
up with yarn, covering the whole wiih graft-
ng was, to exclude Ihe air- By this mode.
fruit maybe obtained in a short period, so
aa to test its value at an early dayt the op-;
eratinn being aim pie. W4ih scarcely a fear
of Jauure. Horticultural Mag.
Cure for Founder in lionet. -Take a
largK kettle i.f-watct and make it boil
Lead the horse to the kettle, if he be able
to walk; if not lake the water to the stable.
Commence with a swab and wash the M-
locksbrfore, then the fetlocks behind, then
wash the legs in the ssme manner, then the
shouldder and body.rubthe horse dry, and
he will be well i a lew hours. There is
no danjerofscaldina the horse if the above
directions, be pursued. 1 his remedy is on
the authority of one ol the best farmers in
thia place, and ia worth to every farmer
double the price of his subscription to this
paper.
UoXim IIore$ Apply spirits of tur
pentine to the hollow of the breast, warm
it in with a hot shovel, it will rout them im
mediately. For Cholic, put into a bottle three till
of spirits, say whiskey; 1 spoonful gun
powder; l spoonful cayenne pepper, or S
of black add if convenient a wild turnip
crated turn it down and move it lively.
If it is an obstinsnte case, iep-at the does,
and he is well in either wind, bloat or gripe
cone to anoti metre.
The IF arms. When a horse loses his
appetite, and his Cost looks bad, he proba
bly has worms. Give one ounce of fine
aloes in a half pint of whiskey. . Miss one
day, and give half this quantity and he will
eat lik an Indian.
NOTES FROM M R. SALTONSTALL'8
REPORT.
We are indebted to the Hon. G. W.
Toland, and other friends in Washington,
for copies of public documents, for which
we find use in our own labors and which
serve to aid the calculations of many cit
izens. In looking over Mr. Saltonttall's
repert upon the Tariff, we find much that
is i itei eating and instructive in the tables,
returned by various committees, on the
subject of the manufactures and produce
of the country, glances at which may be
seful, ss they will show where I urther
information may be obtained.
From 1834 to 1840 inclusive, the impor-
tations in Tif)cirind ttircb.V,d1, free
of dutiev, al;rr deilaclipg exportattons,
amoanlcd to 8194,908.074, as follows:
Merchaiidiae, ' ' ' ' 4 I3,003386
Bullion, - f 6,156.67! - !
Upecle, 48.14717 ! ' I
65,004,188
- 194,908,074
In 1839, the excess of exportation of
specie, over the importation, was 81,423,-
The whole amount of mtrchandize im
ported from 18S4 to 1840 incluaive. lia
ble to 20 percept, duty, waa 0659.162
747, being an average ot 94,166,107 V"
annum. ;t ;, . , v .
Of Iron manvfaciurtd in ike United 6'taUi.
Amotnl of taplntl rtnployrd directly in the
manufacture of kob, i v . $20,432,131 00
Annually paid for labor for 49.- ' - '
701 peraoa. $18JG3,990 00
Tliere ia nn estimate of the aggregate
amount manufactured or imported.- It is
atatrtl that 'enough' of bottle, carboys, and
Cut glaa. may be manufactured at rxis
ting eatablishinents for all the demands of
the country.' - "'. ,.:."
lit a Matt for mating 7JJ)0 boxes of window
g:, the cost I for labor, ' ' $19,610 40
For mateii.lt, - 9,916 80
, , . - ;i $29,557 SO
In ihe manufacture ol the fine flint glass,
nearly all tha materials are of American
production.
In 1832, ah estimate i given ol the con
sumption of material in eighteen furnace,
making tha rich flint glas, ss follows,
rcrful ia mormL in blcllectual. and in physical rcioureet tha knd of our tires, and the
; :
.
RALEIGH N. C. WEDNESDAY, MAY 17, 1S42.
'2,900,000 pound Mittouri lead) I J0Q.-
000 do pearl al; 170.000 do. uilrr 3000
tone ailesi 18,000 do. coal 15.500 conla
of wood. I
Ridet all ihete imuienaeauma are paid
lor flay, iron, wanganeae, araente; haopa,
ata.vc. braa trimming. &c.
try, it ,uuu,tnUi
Cotton Goodt.
The British compete with as in the Snath
American market in coarse cotton goods,
which they make of Sural cotton, and
stamp with the name of some American
manufacturer.
Calicoes are manufactured and printed
i'n ,ni country, to the amount ofonehun-
orpu nny miniun oi jaroa pcrannum
I he capital required Tor manufacturm H.e
above l 1I7.500,00Oi
Capital for printing,
..nm.wv,,
KnA AAA
j.
$25,1)00,000
The expt rta of American manufactured
cottons wss, in 1840. $3,549,000.
'I here are over two millions spindles in
use in the United State.
IVoolleni.
The cspital invested in the wo.dlens .iKure.onhi Governmrnt have exceeded,
manufacturesof the Lnited States, is f 15,- rtry ru fxCPede.l. its revenue. By an
7G5. 1 24. employing 1.342 hafld. ihere ufflcu ,oturaent from the Treasury Da
are 19.31 1.374 sheep in the country, pro- p4rtment now before me. it ia plaiuly de
ducing 35.802,1 14 poundsof wool. There monstrated that, in lour years, Iroin the 1st
are 2585 fulling mills.. and 1420 woollen 0f January. 1837. to lite lit of January,
inanurat tones, producing good valued st 1841, the expenditures were above one
$20,696,999. , hundred and twelve millions of dollars,
More than hall of the woollen wanufac- u-hilat. iq the aame time, the aggregate in-
turers, during me penou oi nineteen
yean, have become bankrupt.
Sugar.
The sngar business of the roontry spprais to
be rained by the ptesenl tariff. Louiaana pro-
duces nearly all mamifaclored from cane in tha
United State. On C'Jl estate, $52,000,000
are invetted, producing in 0Bar and molaste,
i onn nnn J. - co nnn nnn
JLei
T
chie
C.l.l
- fj,u t ;i,.k..ir.
KnJano can lake even our home market
from ua. Tha investment in the refinlnr
business amounts to $3,700,000.
wTuage.
We hsve no statement of the amount of
cordage made and used in the United
States. In Massachusetts, there are nine-
teen manufactories, with an aggregate cap-
...i , , -. a-r' :? Z"T
ital ol g6r 1, 700, producing annually 4759
tine lor protiis, i3,900,ooo """" -
he refining of tosne imported sugars, Wrt 4." PP'" )
fly for the East Indies, is a yerypro- . al -rf l?m l1' .4.ofUrh
I ... .b- . ... .:, oj. , i mo ajin oi niaroo, iohi, no pre-
lunaui imu.jc, anu aame uuu uaircia ui monetary anaira uurmg ine past Aomin
tar, and employing 676 hands. Utration, the wonder is, not that we are
Paper. ' compelled lo borrow now, but how they a-
The number of factories has not been
obtained, consequently the statistics sre
not complete, but sofaraa aacertained,
there are 457 manufactories. jrnnning 15DQ .
enirinea twa hundred and ei.rtv daa
each year. Capital, 16,500 000. using
one hundred and eighty-nine millions
poundsof rtr. (twenty milliona of which
ara imnoriedA whu h at ihreo rai.ta and
halfoer pound, amonnt to 6.61 5.000. u-
tin- lis aiillinn nou ml of hlearhina. m.a.
(Id a. and other articles amountinr to aever-
al millions of dollara-enployinr 8250
adults. The whole expenditures in ma-
terialsand l.ibor ia estimated at - r
Foreign matstialr.
Domeatio mamrial,
Labor and transportation,
Annual expenditure,
$11,175,500
Shoe and Leathei JJusinete.
Tlds is the largest manufactaring inter-
eat of Ihe country, producing commodities
which amount to more than 850,000,000
annuallv, and amplying 00JM peraons.
Massachusetts a'.ons proUure 1 8,000,-
000 worth of boots, shoes, . and leather,
efnpldyltig VfM'mtiPWWOO pim&Fif
whom 137000 are i. mal. : o
The aiatialica ar not ao near complete
in thia branch aa rould be wished, bat fort
eign countriea are now obtained the mar
ket. -,-... .:,.' h'1 a V ,2
la the article of Sail Clothe, the English
have now all the advantage.
Tobacco. ":'' -A'J
On upwards of nine millions of dollari
worth ofTobacWppeuronrthrs coun
try, the European Governments levy du
ties uf about thirty-three millions of dallars! !
:.. : " U. S. Cat. '
Tlit Palh IcrHIory: The fbrty-Tourth
British regiment, which .has been -annihilated
by the AfTghans, formed part of Gen.
Psckenham's army at the balUe of New
Orleans; it was then nnderol. Mullens', and
waa disgraced there for not bringing up the
ifaecinee in time, and to thia circumstance
K. - ... . . t . - i . i
the disasters oi uiauaui uuj were auriouieu.
The regiment then lost theft colors, and
were sent to India to, regain them . ; ;
" Pleading to an Indictment. There was
a rather laughable' circumstance 'transpired
at the Court of Sessions the other day. ', A
young woman was indicted for stcaliug a
quantity of female apparel, and other srti
clea. J'rhe prosecuting attorney commenced
reading the specifications, charging, in the
redundant language of the law, the stealing
often lime the actual amount taken. , As
the items were being read over, the culprit
stood with expanded eyea, the very picture
ofsurprise and Astonishment. After die
enormous catalogue was gone through with,
the attorney addressing, the girl, asked
..
.
,, , . .
"What have yon to aa? to these charges?"
'I never a tola half the article read -over
by you!" was tha response.
A general laugh aitetted to llie ludirrons
Beaa of the KtutJiochnter Duihj AJvtr
titer, - - 7-j-'-'-::--Z-r--:
agPgaagajaaaaaaaaMjiiiii J
Speech nis.TBi. A.Ornrtain,
or Koani Carolina,
On the Loaa ttilt. daliverad in die Senate of the
United Slate, April 13, liil.
On the ISlh Tit Aprii 184i, tha loan
bill being ander considi-ratinn .
Mr. GRAHAM addrrsscd the Senate
as follows:
Mr. PaEsiocNx: In the division of the
labor of this body it has not fallen to my
lot to have any eapecial charga uf tha fi
nances and e-pi.ndiuree of the Govern-
ment. But, being called upon to vote Ut
. .i .i j... r... .1.. -..ki:.
I ... ... ...,-.. ...
.. .. . - i
a iia.c 11. Mijan vuuaii auicu iu aaaill-
lne whether it wasdeinau lcd by necessity;
anu Deing now satisfied that such necessi
ty exists, I must bespeak the patience of
the
Senate while I eudeavor to ahow it
existence, and the causes, by which it has
been produced.
Vnr mure, than liva vaara naat Ilia .rn.,:
come from revenue was but eighty-four
million of dollars jn round numbers, be-
ing an average annual expenditure of twen-
ty eight millions, with an annual revenue of
but twentry-one millions, of iloliara. I omit
(he fractions' of millions to simplify the
.i.m.ni ft ih... iK.. .iL:-..
., . r r... ' 1
" PC ' ". expenditure exceeded
ie peri td of Mr. Van Burcn's admiu.s
tr,,ion! fexpendrture over re
" UI1 roor "P"n&
It ainoun-
more than thirty-one : millions of
dollars being an average annual excess of
expense over income of near eijiht millions
per yearan expenditara greater to four
year than would have been yielded from
the average revenues in five yean and a
half.
Such having been the condition of our
voided a greater. debt heretofore. Having
Pndtd thirty-one millions or dollars
beyond their income from, revenue, that
.rl...xpctedjt.bf Jhe a-
mount of debt which they left to their SUC-
eri on the 4th of March, 1841, Instead
of.B h,r .""Hions, which they air
' . 8.u?h wooM nave been .the amount
of debt left by them upon tha country, had
,ne7. I'M r Administralione, had no
other means to eipend but such aa they
themselves raised. , Bat, sir. it was their
I00" fortune to inherit a full Treasury, in
ndt monJ "n1 b,v' ,lin int0
at convenient period, during their term,
millions upon millions of capital atock,
. at 1 Vk t . mm 1 1 1 al ava aI
$1,330 000 (not current revenues,) which, had been
7035,000 ''! p by the Government from tha coutrl
Csiolooo bntions of the people in previous, years.
Ihe surplus in the ressury waa aeven
ten miU'iBns of dollar, nine of which had
, been ' directed to be trsnaferred to
tha.
States, aa A onrih In.laiutent .opder the
ueposiiaaci oj iou.i ine minions more
r,rc.e,Vd1BbJ d,ebt
,th j1' SUUa.. principally, almost
J "... , a aiwi.,. v .a
akareA ddmg thrive "tgrtberj-yeru have
tventry six millionf of .dollfrs oLeitrfior-,
nana vi iiic uimcu Biaicra ai eiiJ vcr
umarr means, over anu aovve ine revenue.
expended by'-, the ; late Adtniniatration.
Yet, in addition to this, they borrowed
five and a , half, millions of dollars by the
issue of Treasury notes, which were out.
standing at the end o their ,term, making
in airmore1 thnn thirty one. millions , of
extraordinary meana. Recollect, too, that
this waa during a period when they had a
tariff of duties, on all the principal articles
vielding revenue., a veraging forty per cent.
Vet, sir, we who leel bound to vote for this
loan are. taunted by the adherents of the
late Administration by- bring told that we
are. running the nation in debt., This re.,
proof, if deserved at all, would, come with
belter grace from those who could show a
better administration of the finances while
in their charge. 4 The. distinguished and
able Senator from, Pennsylvania (Mr. Bu
chamah) proclaimed in this discussion the
other day that a Whip; Administration, in
the short space of . thirteen, months, wss,
by this bill, about to consummste a public
debt of seventeen millions of dollars, in
addition to that of five ami a half millions
of dollars, which he admits was contracted
by their predecessors. : Sir, this may be
very criminal j but, take it without any of
the palliation or anolof y to be found In the
deficiency uf the . revenue and the wants
or the public service, out the senator and
his friends do better, when ihr y had pos
session ol the Government .The very
first art of Congress, at f e called session
under Mr. Vsn Ruren, was an act to bor
row nine milliona ol dollars which had
been given to the States by the, bounty of
No 20.
Congress; f I ssy fclven, Vcauif, although'
itr lrgal f rm it was but a ilepoMte lor cus
tody, in aubtUnee and inteniion, at b sit
on the part of many, it. ws a'gjfi;) and. in
the act of Congre to whit h jl refert the
.transfer, is inerel y poi ; pohed until the
1st of January, 1830, but a repeal of the
gift i avoided. This wa the first movr
inent of Congress under' that Administra
tion, and Ihe second is like unto it. that
ii., an ac: to borrow ten inillimis uf do.
'art by "thritstie-Tjf fri'Swrf hiife .""By
deductions equally fair with those uf tha
honorable Senator, it is shown that, not in
thirteen tnimths, but in seven innnihi after
coming int i power, the Administration of
Mr. Van Buren "borroaed nineteen mil
lions of dollars. This was alleged at the
time to be indispensably nccissarv. because
of the indulgence given i merchants on
duty bonds by an act of that session, hnd
the failure of the deposite bsnks to pay
the amount due from them to Govern
ment; and that these measures were to be
merely temporary nntil thoae means could
be realized. But, although the merchaiita
and the banks paid up what they owedyet
ihe fourth instalment was never paid to the
States, of whom it was borrowed, and
treasury notes wre kentaflnat by issuing
snd redeeming agiin and sgsin, leaving
five and a half millions uutsiandins when
that Administration closed.
Mr. WooDnuav would remark to the
Sena'or that there waa yet due S", 100 .000
or 200.000 Iromthe banksof Mississip-
T at a a. J
Pi.i anu ne Deiicveu sso.OUO liom the
Bank of the United States.
Mr. Evans: No, the last has been naid.
The Mississippi banks are all. who have
not paid.1 - ' - -r'-'-'-
Mr. Gsahau resumed. That is too
trifling an amount to constitute the slight
est apology-for failings tn psy tlir fourth
instalment and retieeiu all the Treasury
notos issued. It bears no proportion to
the nine millions of the former, and the
five and a half milliona of the latter, It
now distinctly appears that the Ststca lost
tha fourth inaialmehf which had been prom
ised tnem, ana a permanent tlebr of rive
and a half millions was fixed on the Coun
try, not by reason of the delalcationa of
"the merchants and ,4ha banke-which,
for some time, wer represented athr
sources of all the ilia which befell the Gov.
erament.but because tho expendituresdu-.
ring tho last AJminiatralioa war raised
lo an annual average amount of twenty
eight millions of dollars per year. With
revenue admitted to be deficient by theii
very first acts of legislation, and which.bj
regulation of the compromise set of J 833,
was - to decline materially during theii
continuance in authority, a system of ex
pense was pursued , which not only over
ran the yearly Incomes and exhausted all
tho earnings of nrevions veara. but auner-
added a national debt besides.' A caanlian
who should thus manage the estate of his
ward, would find no just cause for won
der ia his removal fiom office.
Wearenow told however, that, although
tha average rate of expenditure was large
the graduation was dqwnward; and it has
been repeatedly a matter ol bosst, that,
in tho last year of Mr. Van Buren, the
whole amount expended wss but twenty
two and a half millions of dollars. And
it is vehemently contended, that the ex-,
perience of that year shows that sum tobe
the ampteat amount for annual expense;
and; Indeed, (hat it should fall below it.
Sir, I hope it will be. found to be enough
for the yearly support of Government' If
we can avoid war, I hope to see theannual
expenses reduced to twenty million. But
a very casual examination of the legisla
tion of 18S9-'40will show that the reason
why no more than twenty-two and a half
milliona was expended in the letter yesr
was, that the-A jmlnistiatiun had no more
J I.r.?n-The, seve
lliey found in the Treasury were ffonei
tha nine millions of debte which ihey hkd
rta a . .. ' t . '
cpnecteu were gone, ,in suunion to tneir
csrrent revenues; and a Presidential elec
tion being on hand, it was hot deemed pru
dent at that moment to resort to the taxing
power to raise new supplies. The peren
nial fountain of Treasury notes, it is true,
wal still kept open, but for sufficient rea
sons it was not expedient to swell ihe a-
mount of those In the. monthly publitbed
Statement. , What, then, wss tha wise
measure of economy1 and retrenchment
which was adopted to bring down expen
ses to income? Was an useless branch of
service out off? Were alt the object
which yearly cost the Government money
examined, and tbiae atrurk off and dis
continued which were not supposed to be,
worth what they would cost, ih taxes npon,
the people? No, sir. ' A new expedient
was devised. ! Appropriations were made
as usual in all branrhe of expenditure
Congress thereby declaring that the ob
jects of appropriation were proper, , .and
were still to receive the patronage of Gov:
ernment " But a proviso was inserted in
the appropriation bills, authorizing the
President of the United States ' to post
none the expenditures' In esse of a de
ficiency of revenue; "such postponements,'
in each esse, to be merely iemporary, or
until the close of the next session of Con.
greas," , manifestly implying that these
subjects of appropriation, though suspen
ded momentarily for the want of money,
are all, thereafter, to ba resumed and fin.
ished.
If, by such resorts aa these, the public
. t- - - - : Ii. . . .. " I
'expenditures eie retucel hi 180 to
j twenty two and a half millions of tlollai.
Jit furnithes surety ' occsiioii fur tie
autnors oi mat rrviuriion to iwast oi u.er
economy,' or to aiCoe their SufcrMNa
ol extravagance in completing the woika
which ihrv had bi sun. In ihe military
jCttahlLdiment, thOxprndiiure was neatly
a million less in 1840 than In 1S39. '.hy?
. Because, under Ihe authority of these pro.
Lj ..vjaioua in the acts of Congreas, ihe Prrsi
jdent coolit arrest the operations of the me.
jchanicand laborr. on the puLlic works
. with hit hammer or trowel iu htnd at mid
day, and whiltt his contract wsi jet unex
pin d, thaugh the waHs of the barratks or
quarters in which they labored were but
hall finished, lih "an assurance, however,
that ttie woi ks were not abandoned, but -only
suspended until Congress should pro-,
vide additional means lor amino thrm
on, meanwhile the Presidential election
wi I be over. I i like manner, svveil or
eigla hundied thnusdnd dollars are saved
by suspending the work un fortitli alions
and leaving the half finished wall of V' ur
fortresses to wind and weather until tho
aisur. "kTiiilllit '"Tia ta a.t.nt.t...l W
President, this course of temporary reduc
tion, to make a fair showing in the arith-
niclic uf expenitiiure, so lar from being.
economy wss neglect of duty. Either the
military estabtiahiu'eiit and the system of
fortifications the number of men in the -
army, and their barracks and quarters!
tn e armories, arsmnis, ions, yc muuiii
have been permanenily lessened, or ade-. .
quate revenues should have been provided
to support and carry thein n efficiently.
The nolicv which wat adopted neressarilv
exposed the public property to dilapida
tion, expressly intrrud no permanent re
duction m expense, and threw over upon
the year 1841 many of the pecuniary bur
dens which properly belonged to 1840. '
Mr. President, in tracing the causes of
the enormous average expenditure of twen .
ty -eight millions per year during the last
Administration, I believe it will befound
to have been chiefly owing to their having
had a redundant Treasury, which they
had not been obliged to provide for them
selvesat the heir of fortune is generally
a prodigal, while the son of industrious -povertv,
who must need accumulate fr
himself, is economical from habit and he-.
cessity.Tn my humhle opinion, the first
and prolific source of that aystem of ex-' -
penditure, as well as of many of tha other
evils under which thr country no w labor,
was in withholding the fourth Inttalment
from the States. It deprived the States''
of a boon which they had a Just right' ,,
lo expect, under the provisions of theac
.r,Oa . ...1.11. imm k..l.t ,.n,
them as a sure- resource for more than1
twelve months) upon the reasonable i expec ,
tatlon of which, they had Commenced pub ,
lio enterprises snd incurred debts, and ,
which, though taken from t heir grasp al- -
most at the ,very momenwhen tney were
about to clotch it. was still suspended"
over their heads, like tha bow of promise j
in the heavens, until the turbid und over- J
lowing water vi uunv capenuiiwre -tin
railed high enough to absorb it. That
many of the States would have become deep
ly embarrassed," independently of these
Hon or thlt Government in this particular,
I do not doubt; but that the embarrass-1
ments of many or them have been hastened a
and increased by the loss of the fourth in-'
ataiment, l believe, is equally certain. lo,
them, in their peculiar condition, it was
. ... a
artery ,Tiiirj"n,-'aa, irai, u nai ucrii
worse than nothing. With it, the Isst ,
Administration expended in their four
years one hundred and eleven or one bun-'
dred and ' twelve millions of dollars. .
Without it, they would still have had on,
hundred and two,' or one hundred and
three millions, giving for average snousl
expenses near twenty-six 'millions per'
year -enough for all reasonable purposes ' '
enough, the Country will ssy. nay, has '
determined, for all the good that was ac
complished.' " .: ' , '
; By yielding thia to the ' States, one of
two results must have happened, either of .
which would ' have had a happy effect, in ' '
mitigating the aeverity of our present em-
barrassinents either a material reduction
of exnenditure. tn correspond in Some de- ' -
gree wiih the rate of income, or a timely '
provision of mesne for sopport, by reason
of which the suddenness of our present
difficulties would hve been avoided.- I "
listened on Vesterdsy with much pleasure
to many of the tems'rki "of Hie Senator
Irom South Carolina (.Mr. ALiiOTNjonine ,
danger-f allowing xvrnditure to-ex-
flowing Treasury to produce extravagance.'"
And t could but regret, that those msx- "
ims. so true in themselves, had not been '
applied in 1837, and the 1 4th instalment al. '
lowed to go to the States inatead of being '
retaken' into the Treasury ot this Guvem- '
menr, tnereoy-anuroing n means lor
extravagance. y. .
(Mr. CAtnoux said jhe Senator was not
here " and of coarse could not know the
ressons which hsd induced hira to vote :;
withholding the 4th insialinent from the -1
States. II wss opposed to collectifig
moneys for distribution, and went for dis- '
tributing in the firtt Instance only because "
there was a surplus on hand. When it
wsi needed, he voted to restore it to the '
Treasury. But . he had uniformly voted f
S;aint extravagant appropriations!
Mr.' Gsaham said he had not beenrx- .
iiminiiir the votes of theSenator for pur
poses of lensure.but was calling his atten- '
tion, and ihst of ihe Senate, to what I
conceive to have been an unfortunate
mistake, in riving to the Government tem
porary means so far to exceed its regular ;
income in its exnendilures. and to carry
them to a height, from which the present
state of our finances would demand so .
abrupt and hasty a- descent.- As jt is, a
service now costing you iwenty odd mil
lions of dollars per year ia suddenly let ,
down upon, means not exceeding thirteen
and a half millions; and its weight is ac
cumulated by a publie debt of five and a
half mitlit.no, left by last Administration,
bearing an annual' interest of 330,000
V